Volume XI.
TO OIL REFINERS
Tns nmmnsniß hate hade
vruitotota to fit up Oil .Refineries, unde
Dr - Tweddl»’« Patent TROMP APPARATUS
Patented February 4th, 1882, by which fire is ren
dered totally anneeessary In distilling Petrolenm
or . ®thw Oil*, and -we guarantee our work canno
be exeriled In dorabllity, simplicity or economy
Wereferwith confidence to the following par
ties, whoso Refineries we have fitted up:
Mbots.- W mn„ * Cj M Petrona Works
(L A lP;!S £/^ d S rso V, E *« le do
Xi~* ®*g®Wor do
Co., Jefferson do
Lockhart A Frew, Brilliant do
The above works wen designed and constructe
and put in operation by Dr. H. W. C. TWEDDLK
The following worts we hare also fitted up:
Messrs .SHXTfiKSK:
Johnson Graham A Co., Woods' Run
Brewer Sill A Co., Pittsburgh:
Reese A Graff, do
Johnson A Brother. do
Forsyth Bros. A Co., Manchester.
DAVIS & PHILLIPS,
Sos. 100 WATER A 104 FIRST STREETS.
Brass Founders, Plumber*.
STEAM AND GAS FITTERS,
mhll:3md
ffAMSTERS-WASTED IM
MEDIATELY, 100 experienced teamsters,
ior service in the Mountain Department.”—
v* ayes $»5 |>er month and one ration per diem,
.transportation will be furnished to thoir destina-
Uon. Apply to A. MONTGOMERY,
_ Major and Qa&rtermastcr U. S. A.
Office Quartermaster U.S. A., No. 34» Liberty
street. Pittsburgh. Pa. my23-tf 7
eagle oil works.
WIGHTMAN & ANDEE3ON,
HEmrCRS AMD DEALERS IN PTBE
Carbon Oil, quality guaranteed, Pittsburgh.
Also, Benzole and Car Grease constantly on
hand.
Orders, left at Chess. Smyth A Go's on Wate
aad first streets, will be promptly filled.
003fcntn
OWES BYRSE,
MERCHANT TAILOR,
49 St. Clair Street.
GENTLEMEN'S- CLOTHING MADE TO 0R-
CHEAP FOR CASH.
HAVllffe RFTIRNF.O FROM SEW
YORK, with a choice stock of CLOTHS
UASSIMERfiS and VESTINGS, which ca “hi
purchased at pncea far below the usual rates.
*s£Great inducements offered to oaeh buyers.
saZlxm
LAKE SUPERIOR COPPER MIN ES
SMELTING WOK KS.
PARK, M’CURDY a CO.,
Manufacturers of
Sheath, Braeiers’and Bolt Copper. Pressed Ccn
per Bottoms, Raised Still Bottom?, spelter
Solder, Ac. Also importers and
dealers in Metals, Tin
Plate, Sheet Iron,
Fire, Ac.
49r Constantly on hand. Tinmen’s Machine
nd Tools. Warehouse, No. 149 FIRST and 130
SECOND STREETSTPittsburgh. Penna.
A** Special orders of Copper cut to any desired
ttern. fe2!:Xyd*w
TO THE PUBLIC.
IJBPECIALLY
■Cdthelgnorantandfitise
ly Modest all denomi
and
delicate disorders, self
abuse and diseases or
tuations common and in
cident to youths of both
T?? e i^» A 2JrtaM Ult8 ‘ or . Because
Dn. BuA>SfKUp publishes the fact of his doing
wh , n2tSfi g 5«7fK-?b tl *f alse,y “Gesture dreadfully
shocked, and think it a great sin very Immoral
SS?:.^Li untiUu, ?^ Uon and corruption among
"* d Waters. Theii
family physician should be cautious to keep them
vrSirSP?** th ff i°. the Dr. BRAN
SJ* l^bushing)leBt a lucrative prac
t» g e .might be .ost to them among stupid falsely
modMt and preeumptuous families. bom and
rawen in ignorance, sprung up as mushrooms and
yno compare society, intelligence, sense, Ac., to
c»ta mysteriously, meanly orillj
gotten. It is to publicity* however, that numerour
•!iT en f!i ttU £tf uard! «M are thankful that theii
WaT rf 3 ; Previously feeble
sickly and of delicate condition and appearanci
nTtlvltwiro^-l 0 health and vigor by DR.
IhiAabiKiP, beside* many before and after
through him have been saved much suf
raring, anxiety, mortification, Ac. Sperraatorr
pea or nocturnal emmusions, are completely cured
In a very short space of time by his new remedies.
TJ™ They are compounds
. Ifinxdom, having seen the
£aiUcy,ofthe Mercunal treatment.he has abandon
ed it and substituted the vegitakle Female dis
eaaeBrre.trefttcd ’•jfe *aarked success—having hod
over forty years (40) experience m their treat-
Old World and in
2*l® E? 1 iu leads him to say—to all with a
-lr titU. health rad happiness will again bloom
upon the now—nailed cheek. Trifle no longer with
montebanlcs and quackL but come rad be cured
Consumption rad all of its kindred diseases, of
80 JJ I *®? aonually fill our countries, can
&i% a «£!£ t i!3k disease, rad who is ,
daily consulted by theprofession, as well asrccom
mended by repectable citizens, publishers, pro- :
pnetors of hotel*, Ao. Office 95 Smithfield
street* near Diamond street. Private communi
of *• Union ***.■»- I
. , BOX 900* j
de&lydaw Pittsburgh Post Office.
OPJEN AIR GRAPE CULTURE.
A rMCTICAL TREATISE OH THE
Garden and Vineyard Culture of the Vine,
AND THE
nAHCFACTI KE OF DOMESTIC WINE.
Designed fob t;iie ese of a jia.
teurs and others in the Northern and Mid
dle State*. Profusely illustrated with new en
sr ravin as from carefully executed designs. verified
bv direct practice. By JOHN PHIN, author of
Essay on Open Air Grape Culture/' to which
was awarded the First Premium of the American
Institute. To which is added a selection of Ex
amplesi of' Ameramn Vineyard Practice, and a
Carefully Prepared Description of the Celebrated
Thomery System of Grape Culture. Price El 00.
sent free of postage, upon receipt of price.
J. KNOX,
JelS No. 39 Fifth eteeet, Pittsburgh.
FARMERS, TAKE NOTICE.
Office Qfarterhaster (J. ft. Aairr, I
Pittsburgh, Pa., June 14,1862. j
THEVIDEBtIGIfEO WILE PEB
* CHASE good
SOUND OATS.
V 1 Quantities not less than fivehun-
No*inii aytnent made on delivery, at
No. 349 Liberty street, or on Levee.
leso mr ■ MONTGOMERY,
jam-atf ajor and Quartermaster If. S. A
SMITH, PARK & CO.,
ninth ward foundry
CPITTSBUHGH, Pi
SSteS’-JI?, £5? S 3
a ml (HI. Retorts and Stn^flSan^w”f^°pf
Also Jobbing and Machine Castings dmo. a.
Miptton made to order. pOl e rT "*■
oomplete machine shop attached to
attended to 7 ’
JjUIiUY COAL DEPOT.
WM. M. STEWART,
dealer in coal,
B^Sl?"A!fflM?Y* SANDtJS «
w lth coal at lowest.
Farming ImptaoMli: naaniiy
hand aSI foTiSw W * rtUj '- «"«antli on
MKtiwf wJUfe’iltDl .
THE COHTITUTION.
An Oration Delivered bw Hon.
Qeorge T. Curtis,
Before the City Council and Citizens of
■Dost on, nt the Academy of Music, July
4th , 1802.
L Concluded, j
Now it seems to me, endeavoring as I
do to repress all merely vain and useless
regrets for what is- passed, and ta find
some safe principle of action for the pres
ent and future, that there is one thought
on which the people of the United States
should steadily lix their attention. We
have seen that our National Union has
had three distinct stages; The first was the
union formed by sending delegates to the
({evolutionary Congress, and by a general
submission to the measures adopted by
that body for the common defence. The
second was the closer league of the Con
federation, the powers of which were de
fined by a written charter. The third was
the institution ot a government proper,
with sovereign but enumerated powers,
under the Constitution. Non- I infer, from
what I see of.some of the currents of pub
lic and private opinion, that many persons
entertain a vague expectation that the
military operations now necessarily carried !
Oil by the Federal Government will result
in the creation of new civil relations, a
new Union and a new Constitution of
some kind, they know not what. He
would be a very bold and a very rash man
who should undertake to predict what new
Constitution can follow a civil war in a
great country like. this. But, looking back
to the commencement of our national ex
istence. wo see that there never has been
a change ill the form of the Union; then
never has been a new acquisition of politi
cal power by the central government, j
w hich has been-gained bv force. Such
additions of foreign territory as tve have
obtained by arms or treaty have merely
increased the area of the I'nion, hut they
have not augmented the political powers
ot the Government in the smallest degree
iho inhabitants of those regions have
come into the Union subject to the same
powers to which we, who were original
parties to the formation of the Constitu
tion, have always beeu subioct, and to no
others. Ihe national authority has never
gained the slightest i’lerenre of its political
powers bv force of arms. In every stage
in v;hieh its powers have been augmented,
the increase has been gained bv the free,
voluntary consent of the people of each
State, without ; oercion ef any kind. I
This consideration certaiuiy affords no
reason why the Government of the United
i States should not vindicate its just author
ity under the Constitution, over the whole
oi its territory, by military power. The
right of the Government of this Union to
exercise the powers embraced in the Con
stitution rests, I repeat, npou a voluntary,
j irrevocable cession of those powers by the
[ people of each .Stale: ami no impartial
j publicist in the world will deny that the
: right to put down all military or other re
sistance to the ext r ise of these powers
resis upon a jusi and perlecl title. This j
title is founded on a public g-ant.
But when von come to the idea of ac- '
quiring other and further powers by ilie
exercise of force, you come to a very dif-!
iei'f nt question, iuu ;lieu have to con
sider wliether a people whose civil policy,
is founded on the title given by consent —
who have never known or admitted any
other rule of action than that expressed in
the maxim that "-governments derive their
just powers from lire consent of the gov"
erned”—ran proceed to found any new
political powpis ou a military conquest
over a rebellion, without changing the
whole character of their institutions. For
my own part, with the best reflection I
have been able to eive to this momentous
subject, 1 have nev.-r beeu able to see how
a majority nt tire American people cull
proceed to acquire by military subjugation,
orby military means, or maxims, any neir
authority over tile people or institutions of
any .State or class of. Slates, without falling
back upon the same kind of tille ns that
by whiek William of Normandy and his
descendants'acquired and held the ihrone
of Kngland. That title was fom.d-d on
the sword.
Perhaps there are some who will say, if
this is to be the issue let it come. 1 can
have no argument with those who are pre
pared to accept, or who wish for this issue.
AH that 1 know or expect in this world
oi what may he called civil happiness, is
staked on the preservation of our republi
caq constitutional freedom. If others are
prepared to yic-bl it; if others are willing
to barter it for the doubly hn/aidous ex
periment of obtaining control over the
destiny of a race not now subject to out
sway, or dependent on our responsibility
it others are ready to change th e founda
tion ot our b moil from free public char
ters to new authorities obtained by milita
ry subjugation—l cannot follow them
I shall bear that result, if it comes, with
such resignation as may he given to mo.
But you will pardon me,
it, with my humble efforts, I yel endeavor
to sustain those, be they many or few,who
faithfully Eeek to carry us to’ the end of
these great perils with the whole system of
our civil liberties unimpaired. You will
still, I trust, give every honest man the
ireedom to struggle to the last for that in
estimable principle, on which the very au
thority of your government to demand the
obedience of all its citizens wns founded
by those who created it.
The object for which we are urged by
some to put in imminent hazard the foun
dation principle of our federal system is,
emancipation of the slaves of the South.—
No one can be less disposed than myself
to undervalue the capacity of my country
men to do a great many things—and to do
them successtnlly. One would suppose,
however, that a proposition to effect a
sweeping change in the condition of four
millions of the laboring peasantry of a
great region of country, and to do it in al
most total ignorance of the methods in
which that particular race can be safelv
dealt with, so as to produce any good',
would be a proposition upon which even
our self confidence would be likely to
pause. ' One would suppose that such an
idea might suggest an inquiry into the
limits of human responsibility. It is not
allowed among sonnd moralists, that there
is any rule which authorizes a statesman
to undo an original wrong,at the imminent
hazard of doing another wrong, as great
or greater, and there is no rule of moral
obligation for a statesman that is not ap
plicable to the conduct of a people.
Setting aside, then,' for a moment, all
idea of constitutional restraint, let me put
it to each one of you to ask himself how
many persons there are in all the North,
on whose judgement you would rely for a
reasonably safe determination as to what
ought to be done with slavery, having a
single view to the welfare of that face
Of course I do not speak of disposing of a
tew hundred individuals, but of general
m “? nres or movements, affecting four
millions of your fellow-creatures. It-has
been my fortune, in the course of life, to
know a few truly great statesmen in this
Northern latitude, and to know man?
“•tWWM for "ljjbHi*
PITTSBURGH, THIKSIIAI MORXINO, JULY 11, 1862.
race I should have profound respect. But
I nave never seen the man, born, educated
and living awav from contact with slavery
as it exists in the South, whom I could re
gard as competent to determine what rad
ical changes ought to be made in the con
dition of a race of whom all that we yet
know evinces their present incapacity to
become self-sustaining and self-dependent.
In such a case, it appeals to me a very
plain moral proposition, that onr Maker
has not cast upon us the responsibility of
becoming His agents in the premises. But
it further appears to me that, in this cause,
ho has surrounded my moral responsibili
ty with other limitations which I cannot
transcend. If the order of civil society in
which I am placed imposes on me an ob
ligation to refrain from acting on the af
fairs of others; if I cannot break that obli
gation without destroying the principle of
a bemficent government and overturning
the foundations of property; if I cannot
use means which I am tempted to employ,
wit hout danger of unspeakable wrong; or
it the utter inefficacy of those meuns is
apparent to me und to all men—what is
my duty to Him who sets the moral bounds
of all my actions '! It is to use those
means, and those only, against which he
fhas raised no such giganfic and insupera
ble moral obstacles. That any valuable
military allies can be found among the
negroes otthe South; that any description
ot government custody or charge of them
can become more than a change of iUas
ters,and that anything but w-eakness to the
national cause results from projects that
look to the acqusition of national power
over their condition—are truths on which j
the public mind appears to be rapidlv an
j preaching a settled conviction.
I add one word more upon this topic;
and I doit for the purpose of saying,in the
presence of this community, that any pro
ject for arming the blacks against their
masters deserves the indignant rebuke of
every Christian in the land. When the
descendants of those whom Chatham pro
tected against ministerial employment of
the Indian scalping knife so forget the
civilization ol the ago and their own mmi
hood as to sanction a greater atrocity, we
may hang our heads in -Itame before the
nations ot the earth.
But there is another aspect of this mat
ter, which it would be entirely wrong to
overlook. The great army which has'rul
lied with such extraordinary vigor and
alacrity to the defence ol the' I'nion and
the preservation of the Constitution—
which has endured so much, and has ex
hibited such heroic qualities—is uot a
standing army of hired mercenaries. It
is an army of volunteers, of citizen sol
diers who have left their homes and enter
el the serviceof their conntry, foruspeeiul
purpose, which they distinctly understand,
i'irmit me to say that vuu a're bound to
remember this-nr, rather let me cast
asute the language of exh< ration, and
assert, m your name, that vuu remember
It, with pride and exultation. The pur
pose for which these men were asked to
eider the public service was the protection
ot the existing l. nitm and the existing
Constitution troin attempts to overthrow
or change them by organized violence:
and that purpose is the most important
element in their relation‘to the t.iovern
ment. No other army in the world ever
entered the service ot any power, with an
understanding »o distinct, so peculiar, so
cneumscrihed in respects to the objects
for winch it was to be used; so directiv
addressed to the mural sense and intelli
gent judgment u! intelligent men. I ean
uot doubt mat I speak (he sentiments ol
tuue men out ».*t every ten in ihiacumtnuni*
ly, when! «tt,y that to change that purpose,
and to Uai; Limt army fur any ether fiid
than th« (Jcleusc* ol tin* Constitution as il
timl th* restoration of the I'liton uf mir
torfMathers would U* a violation of th<*
public faith
li is now proposed to enlarge tlmt Hr ny
by a hirther call for volunteers. Ut them
come forth milking no conditions with the
Government, for the Government has made
its own conditions, aud has made them in
aceoidance with the letter and the spirit ol
the Constitution. The purposes and ob
jects of the war. 113 declared in the begin
ning, can never he changed, unless the
people shall lie so untrue to themselves as
to compel a change: anti when they do
that they will be themselves responsible
for the defeat of their own hopes.
There is yet another topic on which, as
it see ins to me, we ought carefully ami »o
berlyto reflect. I mean the history of
opinion concerning the nature of' the
onion, and the causes which, from time to
time, have produced disorganizing doc
trines respecting it. But let me a 'sk yoit
here not. to misunderstand me. 'l seek no
occasion to fasten upon particular persons
one or another measure of responsibility
for what has occurred ; and therefore, in
pursuance of a rule which I have imposed
on myself in the preparation of this dis
course, the name or designation of no liv
ing man, in the North or in the South, will
pass my lips this day.
Whoever is well acquainted with the po
litical history of this country, since the
adoption of the Federal Constitution,
must know that there have been developed
at times certain strange opinions concern
ing the nature of the Federal Union, the
foundation of its authority, and the charac
ter of the obligations which we owe to it
In general, the people of the United States
have been content to rest upon that theory
respecting their Government which has al
ways prevailed in its official administra
tion, in whatever hands that administra
tion has been lodged ; this theory being
that the General Government holds cer
tain direct and sovereign, bnt special, pow
ers over the whole people, ceded to it by
the voluntary grant of the people of each
State. But a sense of injury in certain lo
calities, springing from wrong supposed to
have been committed or meditated by the
ruling majority, or by those who at the
time exercised the power of the majority,
has not unfreqnently led men, here and
elsewhere, to indulge in speculations and
acts quite inconsistent with the only basis
on which the Government can be said to
have any real authority whatever. To
enumerate all these occasions, or to recite
the intemperate conduct that has attended
them in periods of great excitement, is un
necessary. But there is one of them
which may serve as an ample illustration
ot all that I desire to say on this special
topic,
It is commonly said-and with much
logical tenth —that the doctrines of nullifi
cation lead, by natural steps, to the doc
trines of secession; and the late Mr. Cal
houn, who'is justly considered as the pa
tron, it not the author, of the former is
also popularly regarded as the father’ of
the latter. But it is important for us, in
more aspects than one, that Mr. Calhoun
aid not contemplate or desire a dissolution
of the Union. He adopted a doctrine re
specting it which does indeed lead, when
consistently followed out, to what is called
the constitutional right of secession; but
he did. not . see this connection, or intend
the consequence. There is reason to be
lieve, that if his confidential correspond
ence during the time of nullification shall
ever see the light, it will be found that he
was a sincere lover of the Union, and was
wholly, unconscious that he was sowing, in
the minds of those who were to come after
him, seeds that were to bear a fatal fruit
K FM jft tojKHNr at «*• timt to Ur*
rested the career of the nnllifiers in South.
Carolina, for to them his word was law;
and if he had so done, he. would probably
have been placed by his numerous, power
ful, and attached friends, oat ot that State,
in nomination at least for the highest office
in the country.
But what was it that led that subtle,
acute, and generally logical intellect to
embrace a theory respecting the Constitu
tion which was entirely at variance with
I the facts that attended its establishment ?
The process was very simple with a mind
of n highly metaphysical and absent turn.
Mr. Calhoun had persuaded himself, con
trary to an earlier opinion, that a protect
ive tariff was an. unconstitutional exercise
of power by the General Government, op
pressive to South Carolina, and he cast
about for a remedy. He saw no relief
against this fancied wrong likely to come
from a majority of Congress and the peo ;
pie of the Union, and reasoning from the
premises that the Constitution is a com
pact between sovereign Staten, an intrac
tion of which the parties can redress for
themselves when all other remedy fails, he
reached the astonishing conclusion that
the operation ul an act of Congress may he
arrested in any State by a State ordinance,
when that State deems such an act an un
constitutional exercise of power. But he
always maintained that this was a remedy
within the Union, and not an r<ct of revo
lution. or violence, or secession.
This memorable example of the mode in
which opinion respecting the nature of our
I-nion is atlected is fall ot instruction at
the present time. But'iet no one misun
derstand or misinterpret the lesson that I
draw from it; and. that no one mav have
an excuse torso doing, let me be us frank
and explicit as my temporary relation to
this audience demands. Ido not say that
the course and result of the late Presiden
tial election furnishes the least justification
or excuse for what the South has done I
have never believed that any circumstan
ces ot a constitutional election could of
theinrvlves nfiord a justification to any
State, or any number of States, in with
drawing from the Union. Neither do i
say, or beiieve, that any condition of opin
ion respecting a right to withdraw can af
ford the slightest apology for that conduct
on the part u! individual.--, in or nut of the
i» respect to which there
must always remain in every sound mind i.
great residuum of moral condemnation
N'l itlier do 1 doubt at all the existence of
a long-cherished purpose on the part id
some Southern political men to spire the
first pretext tor br.-nking up the Union ef
these States
lsut. my c.ii/ni.', it doe* appear
to m<*~rui'i tlorv :s prac.'ieai importance
in the i:i:piir\. .rj i. h-n-nec? to a future n
norutiMU *.t :j : .. ('nion-that v/ s . ought so
berly to « hi*?her any nun- eon
.sjara* y , , V i;M f u . n . ( j ;i
U'ilhn-j i! 1-au.vs i;A m * !o*. r ! /(Vjn
m op»*r>{T:.i!, which haw- t,r**?rii»rl thf.
S r,nv,!i of h!..l f. ilin-ut ih,-
im‘nr<- 1.. ;:, i,:, r,...: , 1(
it> [in'-.:;; : ; : -y ; d
heart*.
Ulnit mi l,rn’ in the
Aon.i. daritiij Uiv- Ihm twt-nty <*r twenty
hvo years ? \\ y havohhda faction, or seel,
ni part. cuil :t what you will—constantly
ltu-reaMn;:, mm-tantiv beroniinjj more ar.H
more an element in our politic*, which Inn
»nauc, if.jt covert and bm open and
uutJi.snti|'ii]>bi. d war up.-n tln-Oonsiitutioß,
j l * authority, :it- . ami the* uiini.-.tcr of
Jts law, beeau.'.c its iimiiiior?, lor wire* and
necessary purpo-r*. tiirvwtlu* -di-eid of its
protection over ihe institutions of the
.south, il there is a di.torjpmmn" doctrine,
or one dinmi-lricndy hostile [ t) t he su
preiuacy of the* Const iliitimi, which that
laction has nut held, inculcated and hi
dwivored to introduc-into public action. I
i know not where in the- whole annoy cd :li«-
union to look for it. They never cared
whether tin; Constitution w«* a compact
between independent .ShtjV.-t, or an iustru
uient ol sovereign government, iwiug on
the voluntary jtrant and stipulation of the
people ot ein tt Male. Destroy it, thev j
saul. destroy it! lor be it out* tin
ollter, it contains that ou which the heav
ens cry out and against which man ought
to rebel. And so they went on doinjj their
utmost In undermine all respect lor its
obligations, to render of no kind of im
portance the foundations on which its au .
thonty rests. The more that public men
in the North Ironi weukuc-ss, or ambition,
or for the sake ol party success u-simiiated
'heir opinions ol tins lacuon, the more it
became certain lira: il;.- mie ascendency
nnii supremacy of tbe Cunstitution eonlii
never be regained, without some enormous
exertion ut popular energy, billowingsome
newly enlightened condition ol popular
understanding. When the country •.■.•at
brought lo the sharp ami ; iuMou nee,-ably
of vindicating the nature ami authority b|
the l nion, there was throughout the North
ft general popular ignorance of its ren!
character, and a wide spread infidelity to
some of its important, obligations.
What has been going on in the South
during the same period? Ou this point
there is much to he learned by those who
seek the truth. If you will investigate
the (acts, you will lind that thirty years
ago no such opinion as a right of s'eees
sion had any genera! acceptance in the
South. No general support was given in
the South to the conduct of South Caro
lina in tho matter of nullification. Very
few Southern statesmen or politicians of
eminence, not. belonging to that. State, fol
lowed Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Mayne; and
when the great debate on the nature of
the Constitution was closed the general
mind of the South was satisfied with the
result
How is it now? Tho simple truth is,
that secession—understood by Southern
politicians ns n right resulting from the
nature of the Union —is a growth of the
last twenty-fire years: and it has become
the prevalent political faith with the most
active of the educated men of the South
who have come into public life during this
period. It is my belief, founded on what
1 have had occasion to know, that the great
body ot Southern opinion respecting the
Constitution, its nature, its obligations
and its historical basis, has undergone a
complete revolution since the year 1835.
What Mr. Calhoun never contempla
ted as a remedy against supposed un
consttutional legislation has become
familiar to men’s minds as a remedy
against that which was striking deeper
than legislation : which might never take
the torn of congressional action, but was
constantly taking every form of popular
agitation; which might never become the
tangiblo and responsible doctrine of ad-
ministration, but was yet all the more
formidable and irritating because it lay
couched in an irresponsible popular senti
ment, fomented by appeals which were
designed to deprive constitutional ties and
obligations ot their binding moral force.
Are we told that these things do not
stand in any relation of cause and effect ?
Are we so simple, so uninstructed in
what influences the great movements of
the human mind, that we cannot see how
intellect and passion and interest may be
affected by what passes before our eyes ?
Must I wait until the whole fabric of free
Constitutional Government is nulled down
span my head, and I am bum d beneath its
run. a, before! cry out in its defence ? Must 11
postpone all judgment respecting the causes
of it* daanrtapwwwmHkMgqM^vinij
in fishes ofcivil war, and history has written
the epitaph over the noblest Common
wealth that the world has seen? I fear
that there is a too prevalent disposition to
surrender ourselves as passive instruments
into the hands of fate—too much of aban
donment to the carreht of mere events—
too great a practical denial of our own ca
pacity to save our country by a manly as
sertion oi tho moral laws on which its
preservation depends. Can it be that we
are losing our faith in that Rnler who has
made fche safety of nations to depend on
something more thanphysical and material
strength, who has given us moral power
oyer our own condition, and has surround
ed us with countless moral weapons for its
defense?
It is marvellous through what a course
0 ' MH f ru ' : t , cn, through what discipline of
Buffering and calamity, the people of this
country have had to pass, in orderto fully
comprehend tho truth that the nature of
their Government depends upon sound de
duction from a series of historical facts
and that H must, therefore, be defended In
consistent popular action. It h now
somewhat more than thirty years since
iraniel Webster, combining in himself
more capacities for such a task than had
ever been given to any other American
statesman, demonstrated that our National
Government can have no secure operation
whatever, unless the obviously true and
simple deduction from the facts of it=
origin is accepted as the basis of its au
thority. \ou know what hetaught. You
know that he proved—if aver mortal intel
lect proved a moral proposition—that in
tue exercise of its constitutional powers
the National Government is supreme, be
cause every inhabitant of every State has
covenanted with every inhabitant ofevery
other State that it shull bo so: that even
whmj the National Legislature is supuosed
to have overstepped its constitutional lim
its, no .Stale interposition, no State legis
lation, can afford lawful remedy or relief
and that all adverse Slate aetion. whether
called by the nuine of nullification or by
any other name, in unlawful resistance.—
V. e are glad enough now to rest upon his
great name ; we march proudly under his
imposing banner, to encounter the hosts
o. • Constitutional Secession.” But how
was it with us, even before he was laid iu
tl-.ai unpretending tomb, which rises in the i
scene that he loved so well, and overlooks
.lc sounding sen, by the music of whose
bil.mvs he went to his earthly rest? Did
we followm his footsteps? Did we requite
his tine,pud!,,l t-ivil services? Did we
cherish tin great doctrine that he taught
u.-,, a- it,, palladium o! a Government
wau-h n-i-t | ••n»h if that doctrine loses
• prc-eumien..-'- in the national mind?
Mow longer how well did w,.- preserve the
r-couection ot ids teachings, when our
local iiiicr, and feelings were arrayed
aganisl if. aelitit; of the Federal power ?
wdi no! o;,en that record, i would to
{leaven that I,jotted out forever.—
-•lit I cannot stand here thi. day and be
.^•11..v „.iy ,hing ..y unlaithlul to my
C'.unt.-v a- ' admit that under a Govern
ment woo— authority can live oniv when
sustained by popular reverence 'for its
eancunns and popular belief in itw fnunda
iimis. opinion m th- South has „,, t l-.een
auer-u-d by wnat has transpired in the
.North.
1 hir. t? omli;:ivori.*'4 LoMato, with fainw&s
ar;.] prv-71-i.m. the principles on which the
American \ ».(•» was . founded. ami to
show, tnat iu preservation depends upon
keeping the National and the State sov
ereignties erv.-h within the proper limits of
its upprop.utie sphere. lam aware that,
’lie opinion has been formed to a great e\-
". nt ill foreign countries and in the Smith.
,nnd hv some among us. tlint this principle
t? no longer practicable : that the t'nion
ot free and slave States in the same nation
has become an exploded experiment : and
that onr interests are so incompatible that
a reconstruction, on the old basis at least,
might not to be attempted. We should
probable all concede that this view of the
subject is correct, if we believed that the
ijicompatabiiity is necessary, inherent and
inevitable, lint there is not enough to
utility the breaking up ot such aunion, if
the supposed ineompatability is but the re
sult of causes which we. can reach, or if
It arises from an unfaithful compliance
with the terms of our association. We
cun make such an association no longer
practicable if we chose to do so. Wn can
prevent it from becoming impracticable, if
we are so resolved. If the free States, ns
one section, and the slave States, as an
other, will not respect their mutual obli
gations, tli -n there is an end of ;h e use.
tulncss of all effort. II we, of the North,
will not religiously and honestly respect
the Constitutional right ot every" State to
maintain jus: such domestic inu’itntion-i ns
it pleases to lmvc. and protect that right
from every .specie.-, of direct and indirect
interference, then there is an absolute in
compatibility. If they, of the South, will
not as honestly and religiously maintain
the right ot the Federal t'nion to regulate
those subjects and interests which are com
mitted to it by the Constitution, and there
is, in like manner, an ineompatability of
precisely the same nature. It the parties,
tn reference to the common domains, will
admit of no compromise or concession,
hut each insist on applying to them its
own policy as a nation’s policy, the.n the
ineompatability is as complete from that
cause as it is from the others. This diffi
culty is not in the principle of the associa
tion, for nothing can be clearer than this
principle ; and when ithasbeen honorably
adhered to, no Government in the world
has worked more successfully. But the
difficulty has arisen from disturbing causes
that have dislocated the machine; and
what we have now to ascertain is, whether
the PitorLE on both sides will treat those
causes as temporary, and remove them, or
wilt accept them as inevitable and incura
ble, and thus make the separation 6nal and
conclusive.
In the gloomy conception of the old
Grecian tragedy, no room was left by the
poets for the moral energies of man, there
was no force in human straggles, no defence
in human innocence or virtue. Higher than
Jupiter, higher than the heavens, an infi
nite distance, in infinite indifference to
the fortunes of men or gods, save the mys
terious and eternal power of Destiny.
Before time was, its decrees were made,
and when the universe began, that awful
chancery was closed. No sweet interce
ding saints could enter there, translated
from the earth to plead for mankind. No
angels of love and mercy came from hu
man abodes, to bring tidings of their state.
No mediator, once a sufferer in the flesh,
stood there to atone for human sin. The
wail of a nation in its agony, or the cry
that went up from a breaking human heart,
might pierce into the endless realms of
space, might call on the elements for sym
pathy, but no answer and no relief could
come. He who was pre-ordained to suf
fer, through whatever agency, suffered and
sank, with no consolation but the thought
that all the deities, celestial and infernal,
were alike subject to the same power.
Are we driven by some relentless force,
that annihilates our own free wills and
dethrones Him who is Supreme? Are we
cast helpless and drifting, like leaves that
fall upon the rushing Stream?'"“Must we
give way to blank despair? No, no. no
There are dance to be done—to beidafl
by us j for whatever may be
the military straggle now ' '
ever are te htw '
the people of the South, the time is com
ing when we and they, face to face, and in
the eye of an ail-seing God, must deter
mine how we will live side by side as the
children of one eternal Parent For that
approaching day, and for the sake "of'a
restoration of that’ which arms alone Can
not conquer, let me implore-you to make
somp fit and - adequate preparation of in
struments and agents and means and influ
ence, Trust to the humanising effects of
(t nenr and better intercourse. Trust to
the laws of nature, which have poured
through this vast continent the mighty
streams that bind us in the indissoluble
ties of commerce. Trust in that chanty
which clothes the naked and feedstbehnn
fU r p-p d rf” ,^ ve ?« efc J rio *-- TrU3t Ja th «
force of kindred blood, which leap sto re
conciliation whenjhe storms of passion
are sunk to rest, i rust in that divine law
ot love, wmch has more .power over the
human soul than all the terrors of the dun
geon or the gibbet. Trust in iheinfiueuce
over your own hearts and the hearts of
others, of that religion which-was sent as
ibeintiimt.ijfTeiice oa,&ktkii Good
Will to Men. Trust in the. wise, benefi
cent, impartial and neutral spirit of your
lathers who gave tranquility, prosperity
and happiness to the whole land. Trust
in uod; and you may yetseeyour national
emblem, not as the emblem ofvictory. but
as the si.ju of a re-united American people,
floating in the breath ofamercifu! heaven,
and more radiant with the glory of ita re
stored .onsteilatiou, than, with all the tri
umphs it has won, or can ever win, over
a lorc-ign foe.
During the delivery of the oration Mr
Imrtis was frequently applauded
STOVE
A. BBADLEY,
2V«. SO WOOD" STREET,
corswir Nrnwwi, Pittaborgli,
Manufaoturerand Wholesale and Retail doalerin
alt kinds rf
Oook, Par'tor, and Heating Stovea, Grate
Fronts, Fenders, 4c.
lii our sample ricvni may 1... i.-.i.ri.l ft,.
CELEBRATEDG As ISITtNINQ(XmIKSTOVES
EUREKA AN t D TROPIC.
ke merits m which have b«en fully tested by
housawL,. and the-stove pronounced uncounted.
Ul . ‘t 1 ; market; togotfcer with airreat many
thor demrable patterns.
We have also a very large einOrttnent o;
PARI.OR AND HEATING STOVES.
L ' th< ’ BE ST PATTERNS now
ffered to fhe I‘iihno.
ttnvMv“-r? £I,SJD GRATE FROSTS
AjVD •>( sDb newest Common
Kitchen Bmr and Jam tintes. all of whiab are
oG»*red at very low i>ri< , €r : .
offered ro builder? In
want of GRATE fRONTf. myStf
Fki » >n uiata.Ms- -
Dr. BROWN’S MEDICA L j£F*\
and SURGICAL Office. N f o. lit*
of Pittsburgh. itnd’inti hoeiHn
Practice for lb o U-T twnnry-ove
years. His im-itio.-- has" been
*mncetl amtliy t*i JVivato and
IUTi?.K.Ns AND #HUN<*£R
[n r.eta <-i * medical friend, should oat fail to
ftnd out tao =nrc f;.aro o, rrJictl Tho Doctor a
regular grsduai.e, mid hi-experience in tho treat
ment o. a certain das* of di,-eti.m*H \? a sure guar
?.*W to 'ht •offerers of obtaining permanent re
advice lh * '*** ° f U '~ n ’ ae,, * 6 ' ! **•« following hi*
I DR. DROWNVS REMEDIES
I uever fail t.> cure the worst form of Venereal
| impantww and fcerotulou* Afflictions.-
Alin* nil ttaessos ansing from a hereditary t«mi
which manifests itself in the form of trf?t»
psormeis. and .a grot many foruu- of min db
»nf.v, the origin of which the I'Uimt I. entirely
Ignorant. To person? ao atKitod. Dr. Erown offers
uoftoa of a *• uro and speedy recovery.
SEMINAL V.%\KXm.
Dr. Brown * remedies for the aiarmina trouble
brought on alien by that solitary habit ol sensual
gratification, which the young and wees minded
often give way to, (to tfcoirown destruction.) ar
the only reliable remedies known in the country
■*,«.«& ar.d mr.ko a speedy restoration
RHEUMATISM.
V r - "■?*" s remedies never fall to cure tbit
painful disease it* a fbw oats—be will warrant a
cure He also treats Piles, Gleet. Gonnorrh®
btrtcture, Lrethal Discharge?. Female Weaksee
Monthly Suppressions. Diseases of the Joint
Fistula in Ann. Nervous Affeeliou?, Pains in tor
Bank and Kidneys. Irritation of the Bladder, ty
* a ? r all dbieiuee of an impure origin.
A letter desenbins tfco symptoms, containing *
*» t! surgh. a *> be immediately answer
ed. Aledtciue sent to any addrera, safely paoke 1
and secure from observation.
Booms, No. 50 Smlthfleld
street, Piuibntth. P&. ool&diwni
IMPORTANT TO LADIESI
|V E - aoiis HARVEY, lUTIW FOR
" “I’WfnN of twenty year* devoted hi, pro
fc,M«a:il lime eadueirelv to the treatment of
! nr.nir p ir ,r!,>t-.r., and navin* succeeded in thou,
wmdy■ .if cascmo restoring the afflicted to joun.i
fi-'y'hi- 1 ’ 1 ' n " w ,?2 itr-; confidence inoObrinttpuh.
“ Oveat Amorioau Remedy,"
»B. lIABVGT'S
CRONO-THERMAL FEMALE PIUS!
Which have never yet failed (when the dtreo-
Uon« have been itrictly followed) in re
moving difficulties nriaiag from
Obstrnotioa or Stoppage of Nature.
or in reetoring tha syitem to perfect health when
•ufiennic from Apixal dfod mm. /Vofqpene Ctert.
the Ifto, or other wetikttete of the ftvri*. Or
»ntt». Also ill all ciuaee of DebUitu or Aecvou.
Prostration, llurttri:*, /’n/piOdioinr, Ac., At- Ac.
.. t . t ? r “ run "‘‘ r * * >f •*—*“nr dicoapi!
-JS? tr*** / < l r " rtr/ecth hnnittm# on th « 6on
•iUuttom.and nttybtf token by f/i« moM doiicditfo
m«/« wUJiQia cututno diatreiM; at the Mint time
SjX.^v/^' 4 V b>* eireuftbeuing, invi*>.
ratmr. and roßtonng tbe system to a healthy con
ditum. and by bringing on tho monthly period
mtli regularity’, no matter from what eaoua tbr
°h«raction« miy ansa. They should. howover.
not be taken during the first three or four months
of pregnancy, though safe at any other time. a*
miscarrutge would be the result.
• J§^ bo V°- t,ta .‘ M .?P Puck On* Dot*lab,
and when d&drod will be sent by mall i>ra»t>ai<^
Sold by Druggist. Generally.
XtMKPII FLEXIXS,
.uIS Hdlwi. U ' ,d ,h 0
|£ESSIXUIOX
IRON AND NAIL WORKS.
LLOYU A BLACa.
Mannfactnren of
•r.MMWt, Boiler, Plate, noon, A
and T Iron, hath and Stplttea ;
ho. Screen. Small T Rail and Flat Bar RaDr
Iron, suitable for Coal Wonts.
Worts are adioming the CITY 0 AS WORK
Warehouse So.SS Watemtreet and »
• Jtarhcl street, Bagaley’, Balltllug.
apl&eam-l»
WM. Hi SMITH jtju. k. UIjSTKR
WM. 11. SMITH 4c CO,
WHOLESALE GROCERS
nos. iq stem Mo at hot sttttns.
deS PITTBB RSfl.
RS&s3stSsn
bjSdStaSlStS? by {« n ™ Dot. »iU
tmaoMtogethar or Mpamtejy, at low Urn ret and
Apply to JAS. P. DEVT.IN.
•nphtatf St. Marv’o Cemetery.
For tale by
no
HKSVBP’S SMVHEro SYBCP
?:
?!/;•:'•') c/Ater.r':
■HEnofl
Ing—what
xiouwitkj
Established 1812.
DI M E
SAVINGS DTSUnmO'S,
WO, ItO SJnTHFIF.L» STREET,
(OPPOBITB THE CUSTOM HOUSE,)
CHARTERED BY TOR LEGISLATURE.
OPPICEUB.
Prewldent —JA3IKM I’.YHK.Jr,
VICE PRESIDENTS.
JTm. H. &nith 11. PißndA'
Thoa.D.Jdeatler A. Reinoman
fraud; Sellcra Josh. a Rhodes
JpbnF. Jennings, Jacob StuckrAth
Thomma S. Blair Alex. Bradley
HeuryUiyd Alfred Slack
TRUSTEES.
Job! ah King C Zut
A 8 Bell JO3 Dllworth
SSP6wl«r W A Reo.l
Jm W Woodwell R C Schmerts
FRahjn ft V Kickeboß
J M Tiernau S II Hartman
D M Long R J Auilornon
Jm W%xter D K hlclviuley
Cll Wolf Robert DCochran
Wm Bmith W ihtusen •
Jones' BP Jones ’
W H Phelps C B Herron •
SECRETARY AND TREASURER.
D. E. HcKISUr.
9 10 7P- a. Also, Taos,
day endPaturdny evcnmni. from «to » o’clock.
Doponurccexrcd of OJ.EDU! E ami upward*.
Dividends declared id December aud Juue »i
tra few*' .
allowed to remain are placed to the
credit or the depositor ts pridcipal. and bear ia
teresLthas compounding it.
.Booju eonUlsias Charter. By-Laws, fur
nished at the ornce.
*9* This institution offers, especially to these
persons whoseearnuigaare smill, tii«oii|H)Huriit?
to aoeumolaUL to email deposits, easily iturwl, a
§um which will he a resource when needed, their
money not being safe hiit bearing interest, in*
stead of remaining unproductive. mysfl •
NATIONAL LOAN.
pmtAsnr toinstkictioy^
■ from the Secretary of the Tranury. u b«.«h
will be opened »n ihe’iTih day of June. «««*,
at rhooffico of Hanna, Hart .v Co.. corner of W«,-kI
and Thud streets. Pittsburgh, Penn-ylv H ),i:». |„ C
FUhwjriptions. under my f<>r U.
N. Coupon or Bonds. ritieomriblo «t flic
Pleasure of the United States after five .vena,
rum payable in twenty ye«rj from ante, nrui bc •••
mg interest at the rote of aix per centum, payable
semi-annually, to bo issued under the Act of Feb
ruary lass,
Th«o Bonds, dated May Ist, 1963. will bo Is
fued mlumsot Fifty lmllars. One Hundred [i.J
lars. Ftro •llanrtfod Dollars, and One Thmiamul
llnllan. Aosubacnptioc forlc* than Kifiv |i„j
■*{*• nor for any fraetion of that ;n«, cm. be ro
oetvod. bubscnptiooa for Fifty or One Hut died
Dollara must be paid, nt tbc time of aubacrihiiii;
In tho U. 5. Demand Kotos, and the m cumul .i. d
interest from the Ist of ,Vl»y. Isaa. i„ . u b-
Knptipnafor a larger furn mar,at the oi.tlim „(
thesubsenber, be paid at tbe tune: crimi-ihinl
at the tirne nf subscribing. one-third in twenty,
and one-third in forty .lavs there-Her. Prori.lcd
that no payment shall be less than Kitty Dollars,
tertibcatea tnll be granted in dun icate to „üb
for the amounts so paid, the orir nalof
which thesubacriber will transmit by moil it. tho
Secretar. of tho. freaaury. Bonds as af.invaid,
will he issued thereon to such ruh.eiib.-r. or Ida
order, or to tho holder thereof, currying interest
as expressed in such certificate.
.Any other information desired will be prnmm Iy
given on application to the subsm it.cr, ners..niiU»
or by letter. JOSHUA 11 A.NX A,
Pittsburgh Lostr A®£soj\f U,HCl!i,t * 0n
June 27th. 1962. J:_ . Je27-!£.
T. 3. <?!UPP.
.Paul seair.?.
WESTERS STOVE WORKS,
340 LIBERTY STREET.
PITTSBURGH.
GItAFF & CO.,
AIA NUFACTT7ItKn«
Vfenld ceil the attention of the public to thoif
LARGE stuck
of well ieleoted
COOK.PIRtOR ISO HEITIRG STOVES.
also* nmnviD
«1»I« Pronin, ITnl.
'** SHS .“ c -> " ,u ’*' , K whirl! will
fonwil lb« itnii poal Cuuk
Storm In (hr Male.
The Diamond, Advanoe, Air-Tight
Echpte, and Iron City,
Wer° awarfed th« FIRST PREMIUM at tha
StateFidrfortheßEST COAL COOK
STOVES AIaoFIRST PRK
■ MIUM award-d to the
TRUE AMERICAN. GLOBE A REPUBLIC.
4r j oSWWSSS*' W* call attention of DKALEK3
and BUILDERS to the lartut stock o?
ORATE FRONTS AND FENDERS
IN 188 STATE.
ilifc.Ya. lin * *K : DIAMOND and ECLIPSE
Linir,^ h
uicxa uwaiux -oiuo. olKul . B
REINEMAN, MEYRAN & SIEDLE,
So. 42 FIFTH STKKET,
PITTSBURGH, PA, -
wuomitx aim estail onAr.ane is
BATCHES, JEWELItI,
diamonds,
SILVER AND PLATED WARE.
CLOCKS,
of every description.
F A.N C Y 6 0 0 D S
Bronze Statuary, etc.
WATCHMAKERS’ TOOLS,
Materials and Maohlncry.
Wbolnele Amo hr tfcecslefanted
AMERICAN WATCHES,
ZaaslhcMne at Wollliiw,,,
apl6-3ad
ROBERT AUTHORS.
ATTORNEY JAT I.A VV.
AND OpMMISaiQITCT OF DEEDS. j>f Ohw,
TSW.WWrsiT,. Vfrjinia, Ynrl;,
** Florldn, Indiana. K.«n
IJWFOT7HTH f*TKPr*T
vnxiAinißAifa..
oakrisov a. oomv.
Qtntnl Partner?.
hbajits A COFFiar,
(Sseoaden lo M'Ctndlw:. Mew A C<o
WHOLESALE GROCERS,.-
Corner Wood and Water Streets, :
fallHs riTTHm-HtiH. PI.
U EEC |T BEFOKEVwi;
•gSui Tooeaasiia Mi T 1 Y® S^T
flet the rnietlwi i- IM.t
JJJ *U~ i.Tdi.v «».*?’ «eh«- - Join W'i t
approved -
Wit. OBAt'w
DA rid tf'fiAVoilKße
Spttciai P&rt&ox.