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VOLUME XIX.
€J)e'PnUij |)<>st.i
■JAKES P.- -BAKB, ; ~, :
EBITOH A;ir» PRpBJjIJITO?.
S' dim:— Daily, Eye Dollars par yaactaHinUj In ad- 1
ranee. Weekly, Single eußscriptionk Two Dol- I i
... ten per year; m Cinbe of ftva. On* Dollar. '■• '• i ■
" LOCAL AFFAIKS,
• Arbitration Committee ot the Board if
•■'•■■ ‘ibrade . ;
* , --.uFor March and April.
WM. MoORKERY, V. P. a CAMPBELL,
ISAIAH DTCET, B. PBEBTOV, ’ ;
K a MciLHOT, WM.MEaNS.
TO LETS for sale at this office.,
* i-m> <■ • • >- -u
{s*?* o*t
’* phlllipa A Best’s Glass Worta*
Ttierfe to scarcely a singl© resident of the upper
ton of oar city who does not know the spot upon-,
which, in the year 18 U, oar emlsb'.e nod esteemed
friend, Mr. Phillips, Eeq, one of the old residents Of
Second Ward, which he now rep&ttnta in feelett
Council, erected a email furnace for the maoubeture ©f
glads. His capital at th«t time amounted to about lßfc
centa, which we do not beliere would haT« ereoted'ihe
fine structure which now occupies the ground, and
through which we passed yesterday.
The glass rorfcs of Messrs. Phillips A Best are situ
ated on the corner of Try and Third streets. 00 feet on*
tbe Utter and extending along the former ICO feet to
Beooad street. The bitiidiag Is Well and substantially
built, of brick* and is three stories in height, giving !
ample room for the manifold cper*Hcns necessary to
conducting the manufacture of glass properly and
profitably. The boilding-Wca efecthd Isit fall- and the
fmproTemenlß then made coal about $16,000.
On the first floor we find o&e pntion set apart for
two large furnaces, of ten pots each, filled with the
flowing gi««» r from which the skilful blowers are mak
ing every description of flint glass ware There we
also observed k number of presses, in which tumblers,
gablets, and other articlee were being rapid'/ moulded
ItrfstA the variety of articles t»irnrd out was nearly ss
number of hands employed. As fast as
the articles were finished they were carried ofl to Use
enneahog furnaces on the aanie floor ard under the
: aarae roof; by those dingy looking boys with red snd
dirty bea iog long forks, which with the other
Surroundings of the plan*, the glowing furnaces, Ac.
always reminded üßcf tha approved descriptions and
pet urea of the “infernal reg’ona."
.AdjOming the furnace room we found the steam pow
< t of the establishment, furnUhed by an engine, which
drives the Stopee tor cutting tfasl, Iha hoisting spps- I
talus, Uie sand mill, ic. The lsttsr is something of
a novelty, consisting of an* Iron trough, grated st ttao
bottom, into which sandstone is thrown snd rapidly
■ conrerted into fine white sand by the action of fire
poumiet*, Wdrktni by .team, on oce< ntric cams, which
raise tha hnge pestles snd then permit them in fall
with great T-rce. The sand passes through the 'grating
snd issifled k>, steam in tha cellar. Hear the ssnd mill
we saw tite mixing room, where the materials which
’ fonnglarssre mixed together in proper proportions
iikdfaWing pdt Into the furntces.
The Third streetrComer of tbehoililing le cocup ed
fry the business offle and simple repm. In the latter
wa saw glassware in endless variety of shape and pet
tarn. Heinzs UUps * Best base recently commenc
ed the, rstipu lecture ol coal and cerbonoil lamps and
■ fh»r'dr» heifingas last as they can
—v. Teh blowers are kept constantly employed
upon chimneys ahum.' TheytiuHuuti.OOO dosen per
week,all of sbiehfind nedy sale: ■ lunddltton to these
they mako every description of plain, pressed end cut
is flint glass ware—all of the beat quality. They how
f’.'tiave a full stock of sH kinds on hand, and era preoared
ffjgk the sp mg trad#> L W the demand be as large ss it
vsuey
%'V'ototwo jMJfched buildings wa found the pot-house,
. whaEnJliepotafor malting the glass, which are subjet t-
«b. -fnmarh*. era mad»,-.end.
’,h # refinery, where the crude sods esh and
nltmtaof soda, which must be perfectly pare end clrsn
before they enter into the composition of the best
flii; glass, are purified by dissolving and re-chryatii
tis.tion. 1 A
Th* **re it hoisted from the first floor to the upper
stories The tfa rdstorj * getting'
room and the second f->r
gbsswe£ft&& Tart of otte'Tritbe upper stories
orittfog of glassware, which is < one
ty hand ofrftbnes turned by ste«m.
Indeed, the whole est-b isbment is complete aDd
well'arranged,»od in oar opinion’he best cf us chrr.
ACter in otir city. Me. sra. Phillip* A Best oow employ
AM t" ITi hands, about one hundred of whom are Mrs,
*nd this slronp force U k*pt C’.nsunt’y at work. The
Amuse Is one of stal itity end ento pri-e, turn* out 6i>t
cla*B wtre.and finds auiirket‘or it m fiefiouil* and
pnocipal'v. Tbe firm are ÜbenU, accommodating
gentlemen, of lurgs experience in their buaioees and
In every way worthy o'their fuM share of patronage.
Killed—Foul Tlay Susfected. — On
Saturday evening last, the 2d lost., about
half past six o'clock, a watchman on the
Pennsylvania Railroad, named Friizgar, was
killed by being run over by a train of cars at
■Whipiorwill straight line, five miles East of
Gallitzin, Cambria county, under rather pecu
liar circumstances, wh'ch have given currency
to the opinion that he was, perhaps, foully
dealt with. Tho facts in the case are briefly
these:
It was Fritzgar’s duly to watch the track and
keep it clear, which it is said ho was doing a
very few moments before ho met his death, a
ryoman seeing him walking along it, with a
lighted lamp in his hand, not ten minutes be
fore he was killed A small wound, supposed
to have been tnflicted with a sharp instru
ment, which it was thought could not have
been made by anything on the train was
found in the centre of the man s forehead,
while fall head rested oa one rail of tbe track,
hit feet on the other, and bis lamp, the light
extinguished, f-und sitting on the end of a
tie on-the other track. All the circumstances
attending the ease, have attached a mystery
to it, and many entertain the opinion that the
man bad been knocked down, and p.sced in
the position above named, to create the opin
ion that he bad been killed by accident
A Coroner, inquest .was to have been held
yesterday morning, when all tbe facts were
probably elicited. Deceased lived at Lock
port, and leaves a wife and four children.
Local Legislation —ln the of Kv
preaentatives, on Tuesday of last week, an act
regulating the fees of justices and constables
of Cumberland county, Ac." was patsed, as
follows:
••That from and after the pasaage of this act
all foes to be received by any Mayor, Alderman
or Justices oi tbe Peace in the county of
Cumberland, in any vagrant case, or cases of
intoxication, shall be thirty cents and no more.
That ail fee* to be received by any Consta
ble in the said county, in any vagrant case, or
cases of Intoxication, shall be as follows fir
arresting and bringing before a Justice and
conveying to Jail, twehty cents, with
mileage heretofore allowed by law only where
the distance traveled exceed* one imite.
This act was extended to Allegheny county,
and passed—it now goes to the Senate.
"•be following, offered by Mr. Douglas, also
the House, on the same day. It does
a wav with Ibo payment of $5 eaeh per diem
toUse high and, low water mark commission
er<“That the Commissioners of tin county of
Allegheny shall not draw any order or warrant
■or pay out any money out of the Treasury
tftr P the first day of April, A, D„ 1861 or
incur any expense under the provisions or the
act entitled an act to establish high and low
water lines (in said county) approved the ltt.h
April, A. a> , 1868.
2?roexBSOß Kidd.—This celebrated elocu
tionist gives one of his excellent entertain
ments at City Hall, under the auspices of the
Young Men's Christian Association, this
evening. He gave a reading on last Tuesday
evening for the benefit of the Ladies' Benevo
lent Association of Allegheny, which waß not
as well attended as it should have been. We
hope to aee a larger audience present to-nigbt.
Prof. Kidd's entertainments are of the first
order, and as the Association is a worthy one,
.should be liberally sustained.
Foe Kabbah.— Mayor Wilson yesterday
received ¥13,60 for the Kansas fund from the
Keystone Lodge, No. 72,1. 0. OK “ &k ‘ n ß
a total contribution thus far of fa-L-.eZ. JBr.
Wm- McDaniel sends a box of Dry Goods ana
clothing from citizens of Canonsbargh, to be
forwarded.
- t* '
: Subset Clsa^iisg.—That voryi interesting
process*,tbe aoou&l (for few localities attrac t
tbe attention of the I tree} Vommusioners me re
that! once a year) cleaning of the streets of oor
a'month ear lief than
Wot Ixirorfe it hi<3 long been needed
•Wa are to.lea Uiie t .but humbly suggest fo
Messrs* CoGp6£ and Owens, the street Com
missioners, the propriety of removing the dirt
after.it has been scraped up in pijos., We saw
evening, large piles pi mud on Third street,
\yhich had lain since morning. If permitted
to. remain till this evening, a second onslaught
of the scavangers would .be necasspry. It
would<pst no more to have it hauled away at
once, and perhaps he cheapflr-dn-the end. We
hope to see the streets thoroughly cleaned this
time, as arb sadly in want of it.
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-‘TataxKailkoad Accidents —Bot Killed.
-rOn’ Monday'morning, while a boy * named
Joseph Marsh was playing, with others, on
the track of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh
•Raiwvarij-atthd-ffiOh street depot, he was
TtroaSt we” hnna-.
per <rf n car wiifcfi
AldermM, -
ln the absence oi Coroner hosfaictr
and the Jury found a verdict according to the
facts Deceased was abont sixteen years old,
and resided with his parents in Allegheny.
The family took charge of his remains for in
terment.
Keet ttie Contract — It was part of the
contract between the city and the Pittsburgh
and East L'berty Passenger Railway Company,
when that corporation obtained the right of
way over our streets, that the Company should
keep the thoroughfares traversed by their road
clean and in good repair. We ask any un
prejudiced citizen to walk up Wylie street or
along Fourth street, between Wood and Smith’,
field, look at the condition of the streets, reek
ing with mud and filth, and then say if tbe
Companv have observed their part of tbe con
tract. The city authorities should attend U)
this.
Horses Injured.— A pair of horses belong
ing to Mr. Chae. Hartman, of McClure town
ship, were terribly injured, yesterday after
noon. below Manchester. At a crossing of
the Pittsburgh. Ft. Wayne A Chicago Rail
road, where the planking had been torn up for
repairs, one of the horses got his foot fast, and
while in this position a locomotivo passed
along, which cut off the fore feet of both ani
mals below the pastern joint. It was necessary
to shoot one of the horses to end his misery.
Hearing Postponed —The hearing of
Godfrey Wetsehey, accused of being implies
ted in tbe recent attempt to destroy Mr.
Augustus Hoeveler and his family,by an infer*
nal machine, which was fixed for yesterday
afternoon, was postponed until Friday next at
two o’clock, at the request of defendant’s
counsel.
Ms MrßDOca.—This gentleman com
menced his engagement here last evening
under most favorable auspices, being greeted
by a large and fashionable audience. He ap
peared to great advantage as Rover in "Wild
Oats,' 1 and proved himself, what ho hasalwsys
been esteemed, the best genteel commelian
living. He appears to night as Hamlet,
Prinoe of Denmark, in Shakspeare's great
play. The great hit of “Union” is the after
piece.
Family Groceries —Mr. D. B Ferguson,
at the corner of High and Wylie streets, keep*
on hand a complete stock of family groceries
and teas, liquors for culinary purposes, cheese,
butter, eggs, Ac. Oa Wednesday and Satur
day of each week he receives from the country
fresh butter and eggs, whioh be sells at the
Mr. F is doing a good business tp his new
position, and is deserving of all success.
Resisting the Ofncefu. —On Sunday night
the Allegheny police discovered a drunken in
dMdnal in an alley, and when they approached
him to ascertain hie business there, he struck
one of them with hia list. Jde was then ar
rested, when his partner interfered, and he
was also captured The former gave his name
as A. Manus, and was lined ff> The other
called himself Wra. Dennison, and was let off
upon payment of ff'd.
Oil Operations
Tho Smith fa-m. wnici ng or.o huudred
acres, at Smith's Ferry. Beaver county, was
sold on Saturday to a l’huadelphia company,
for $lOO,OOO. ~
Ono of the owners of the MrFarren wed,
near the same place, sold an eighth intereetin
one of his wei s, on the same day, for $lO,OOO.
Ukifobmiho the Pol. log —Mayor Wilson
has procured metallic numbers for the night
police, who are to wear uniform cloth caps
with the numbers upon them. Th’s Improve
ment has long been needed, and It will add
much to the system of the office.
Dead —The mar. named Might, who was
injured by the freight vraiu on the Pennsyl
vania Railroad, at Latrobe, on Saturday last,
on Sunday morning.
Da- Stebsins Mi'a'sotf, dentists, havo
formed a partnership and opened an office at
105 Filth street, 9eoond door below the Cathe
dral. See their card.
Dentistry Dr. C Sill, No. 240 Penn
street, attends to all branches of the Dental
profession.
OUR PA.P E K .
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ARTICLE
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STATIONER, JOB PRINTER,
BOOK BINDER,
Blank Books for Railroads, Steam
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THE LATEST .NEWS.
Congressional News.
Washington City Items
THE PRESIDENT'S * INAUGU
RAL MESSAGE.
Feiloic Citizens of the Visited Stales: in
compliance with a custom as old as tbb (loy
eminent itself, 1 appear befure you to addrees
you briefly, and to take in your presence the
oath prescribed by the Constitution of tbo
United .States to be taken by the President be
iore he enters upon the execution of his ofEoe.
Hoeoeasery*at, for,
me to discuss those mnUer»-..oyin
ifiii'about which tfwreJAWhJpfioialAnxiety j>r
itTrlt-trirnti A fri°h an ‘ ,iAri exist
among the
by the accession of a Bepublloati aa mintstl* .-
tion, their properly, and their peace apulMpb -
sonal security are to be endangered- v dEne e
never has been any reason or cause for such
apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evi
dence to the contrary has all the while existed,
and been opentotboir inspection. It is found
in nearly all the published speeches of him
who now addresses you. Idr but quote from
one of those speeches when I declare to you
that I have no purpose, direct.y or indsrectly,
to interfere with the irslilution of slavery in
in the States where it exists. I behove I have
no lawful right to do so, and 1 have no incli
nation to do so Tboso who nominated and
elected me did so with the full knowledge that
I had made this and many similar declaration!,
and had never recanted them ; and more than
this, they placed in tho platform f»r my ac
ceptance, as a law to themselves and to me,
the clear and emphatic resolution which 1 now
read: “ Resolved , That the maintenance invi
olate of the rights of the States, and especially
the r ght of each Stale to order and control its
own domesticsnstitulionsa'xording to its own
judgment, excluaively, is essential to that bal
ance of power on which tho perfection and
endurance of our political fabric depends, and
we denounce the lawless invasion by an armed
force of this sort of any Stale or Territory, no
matter under wbat pretext, as among the
gravest of crimes." I now reileralo these sen
timents, and in doing so, 1 only press upon tho
public attention the most conclusive evidence
of which the case is suocepti ble, that the prop
erty, peace and security of no section are to be
in any wise endangered by the incoming ad
ministration- I add too that all the protecs
tion which, consistently with the Constitution
and tho Laws, can be given, will bo cheerfully
given to all the Slates when lawfully de
manded, for whatever cause, as cheerfully to
one lection as to another. There is much con
troversy about the delivery of fugitives from
service or labor, The clause f read is as
plainly written In the Constitution as any
other of Its provisions. No person held to'
service or labor in one State, under the laws
thereof, escaping into an-tber, shall in conses
quenoe of any law or regulation thereof, be dis
charged from such service or labor, but shall
be delivered up on claim of the party to whom
such service or labor may I>B due. It is scarce
ly questioned that this provision was intended
by those who made it, for reclaiming what we
call fugitive slaves, and the intention of the
law giver is the law. All members of Con
gress swear tbeirsupport to the whole Con
liuulion, to this provision as much as to any
other. So the proposition then, that slave*
.■bum nsirmcnipfi witfiTtittß terms of this clause
and shall be delivered up, their oaths are unan
imous. Now, if they would make the effort
in good temper, could they not, with nearly
equal unanimity, frame and paw a law, by
means ol which to keep good that unanimous
oath. There is some difference of opinion
whether this clause should be enforced, by our
national or State authority, but surely that dif
ference is nbt a vory material ono, ii the Slavs
is to be surrendered, it can be of but little con
sequence to bin; or toothers by which authori
ty it is done, and should any one, ip. any r.se,
pe content that his oath shall be unkept on a
merely unsubstantial controversy as to how it
shall be kept- Ag»' Q . ln SD J Uw U P°° lhla
[ subject, ought not all the safeguards of liberty
1 known in civilised and humane jurisprudence
be introduced, so that a freeman may not in
' any case be surrendered as a slave. And
might it not be well at the same time, to pro
i vide by law for the enforcement of that clause
in tho Constitution which guarantees that the
citizens of each State shall be entillud to all
the provisions and i i ipunities of citizens in
the feveral States. I take the racial oath to
day with no mental reservation and wilh no
purpose to construe the Constitution or laws
by any hypercritical rules, and while 1 do not
oboose now to specify any particular acta ol
Congress a? proper to be enforc 'd, I dusuegest
that It will be much safer lor a,, hut lr. ollicial
and private stations, toconlorru to, and abide
by, all these acts which stand unrepealed, than
to violate any of them, trusting to find liupu
Dity in having them held to be uncoustitution
&
PAPER
—ANT —
—A\D—
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PITTSBURGH. TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 5, 1861.
BY TELEGRAPH.
&c., &o>,
&o„ &c„
_t is sovonty-two years since tho first inau
ggratiop of a {’resident under our nations:
constitution, Ifuriug lb»t period fifteen d.tfar
eot and greatly distingu'shed cilixont have in
succession administered tne executive branch
of the Lfovernment. They have conducted it
through many perils, and generally with great
succeas; yet with all this scope for precedent,
I now enter upon the same task for ilia brlel
constiluti"nal term of f-ur years, under great
and peculiar difficulties A disrupt on of the
Federal Union, heretofore only menaced, is
now formidably attempt-d. I hold that in
contemplation Jf the universal law, and of the
Constitution, the Union el these plaice is per ■
petually Implied if not expressed ih the funda
mental law ul all national governments it is
safe to ssiert that government proper has
never had a provision in Its organic law for Us
own termination. It will cont nue to execute
all the express provisions of our HaUonalCon
stitution, and the »«' °«4uro forpver,
it being impossible to destroy it, except by
some action not provided for in the instrument
itself. Again, if the United S'ates bo not a
Oovernment proper, but an sssjcia.ion i f
Slates in the nature of a contract rporelv: can
it as a contract, be peaceably unmade by less
than all the parties who made it, as one party
to a oontractmay violate it or break it, so to
rpoak does it not require all to lawfully re
scind it? Descending from these general prin
c’Dles we find the proposition that in a legal
contemplation of the case, the Union is per
petually confirmed by the history of theD mou
itself. The Union is much oldsr than the
Constitution. It was formed, jn lact, by the
articles of Association in 1774. It was ma_
matured and contmued by the Declaration of
Independence in the vear li(6. It was further
matured, and the faith or all the then tbir|een
States, expressly plighted and engaged that it
■ should be perpetual by the articles ol_Canfed
eration in * 1778, and finally in 178,, one of
the declared objects for ordinary and extraor
dinary, the conslituiton was to form a more
perfect union by one or by a part only of the
' Slates, be lawfully possible, tho Union 1. less
than before, the Constitution having lost tho
vital element of perpetuity, it follows from
those views thut no Slate upon ila
motion can lawfully get out ot the Union;
mat resolves anti ordinances to that eifect are
legally void, and that acts of violence yrithin
any Stales or Stato against the authority of
* the United States are insurrectionary or revo
lutionary according u> circumstances.
I therefore consider that in view of the
Constitution and laws, the Union is unbroken,
and to the extent of my ability I Bhall take
care os the Constitution iwelf expressly
enjoins on me, that the laws of the Union be
faithfully executed in all the States. Doing
this I deem to be only a simple duty on my
part and I shall perform it so far as practice
ble unless wy.rlghlfijl masters, the American
people, shall withhold the requisite means, or
in some authoritative manner direct the con
trary I trust this will not be considered as a
menace, but only as the declared purpoie of
the Union that it will constHottopally defend
2nd maintain Itself. In doing this there need
be no bloodshed or ylolenee, and there shall be
> . V-v V'.'-:- ■ ..
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none unless it be forced upon the national
authority. The power Confided to me will be
used to hold, occupy and possess the property
and p'aces belonging to the Government, to
collect duttetignur imposts, bat beyond what
may be necesjfay forthese objects, there will
be no invasion, "Ho nslng of force against 6r
among the poopia^anywhere where hostility to
the United Statetf;dA..fny interior locality,
shall be so great, and'%ci universal, as to pre
vent competent raaideht cUizens from holding
federal offices; tflgi'e jwj!! be no attempt to
force obnoxious stfan£ers among the people
that dbject, while the ftriet legal right may
exist in the governmentt, enforce the exercise
of these offices; the attempts to do so would be
so irritating, and so neatly impracticable with
all, that I deem it Better to forego for some
time the use of sttclf offices ; tho mads, unless
repelled; wiU-dOntihoSfo be furnished in all
puinta of the Union, sb far as possible the peo
ple everywhere ahnlijmve that sense of perfect
security which must ‘ follow favorable calm
thoughts arf(l' refieofiqn. The course here
indicated will be flowed, unless current
events and expertajHrhatl show a moditic-i-
Übf^titchangn and in overy case
<Ena**lgpncy my dhwtion will be exercised
according to.*«treßSwnces actually existing,
and with a’vtevt'wMf.hope of a peaceful solu- j
lifm-ftf ttpfrhttinnal trembles. the restoration of
tne OaU-rSI Sympathies and affections. That
'there are persons in ondeoctlon or another who
seek to destroy the Union at ell events, end
gUd of any pretext to do it, I will neither
affirm or dooy, but if .there be such, I need
address no words to them. To those, however,
who really love tbo Union. May I not speak
before entering upon so grave a matter as the
destruction of our National fabric, with all its
benefits, its memories and hopes : would It not
be wise to ascertain previously why we do!
Will you hez-rd ao desperate a step while
there is any possibility tbat any portion of the
ills you tly from have no real existence 1 Will
you, while the certain ills you fly to are greater
than all the re-I ones you fly from * Will you
risk tbo commission of so fearful a mistake.
Ail profess t > be content in the Union if all
constitutional r ghts can be maintained. Is it
true, then, that any right, plaioly written in
the Constitution, has been decided? I think
not. Happily the human mind is so consti
tuted that no party can.reach to the audacity
of doing this Tninkj if you can, of a single
instance in which a plainly written provision
of the Constitution has ever been denied. If,
by the mere force of Bombers, a majority shall
deprive a minority pf any clearly written
constitutional right, it might, in a moral point
of view, justify a -revolut'on—it certainly
would if such right were a vital one; but such
is not our case.
All the vital rights of minorities and of in
dividuals are so plaioly assured to them by
affirmations and negotiations, guarantees and
prohibitions in the Constitution, that contro
versies never arise concerning them, but no
organic law can ba framed with a provision
specifically applicable to every question which
may occur on political administration. No
foresight can anticipate, f nor any document of
reasonable length contain express provisions
for all possible questions, shall fugitives from
labor be surrendered by national or State au
thority ? The Constitution does not expressly
say, may Congress prohibit slavery in the ter
ritories ? The Constitution does not'axpressly
say must Congsess protect slavery Jn the terri
tories ? Tho Constitdtiah does not expressly
say. From questions of this class spring all
our constitutional controversies, and we divide
upon thorn into majorities and minorities. If
the minority will ndt acquiesce the majority
must, or the Government must cease. There
is no other alternative for continuing the Gov
emmentbut acquiescence on the one side or
the other. If amihirity in such case will se
cede rather than they make a prece.
dent Vrttfclfin turaNrtli divide and ruin them,
for a mitVortty -of ttigli-own-wiii -secede from
them whenever a majority refuses to be control
l»d by such a minority. For instance, why may
not uny portion of a new Confederacy a year or
two hence arbitrarily secede again precisely as
portions of the present Union now claim to se
code'romit? All who cherish disunion sen
timents are now being educated to the exact
temper of doing this.
Is there such perfect identity of interests
amoDg the Statos to compose a new Union as
to produce harmony only, and prevent renewed
ocuesion ? Plainly, the central idea of secess
ion is the essence of anarchy. A majority held
in restraint by constitutional checks and limL
tattuns, and sdways changing easily with the
ieliberate changes of popular opinions and sen
timents, u thu only trqo sovereign of a free
people. Whoever rejects it, does of necessity
fly 10 snsrchy or depotism, unanimity is im
p -ssibio. TKiHjule of a minority, as a perma
nent arrangement, is wholly inadmtssable, so
■.hat rejecting the majority principle, anarchy
and depotism in some form is all that is left.
I do not forget the position assumed by
some, that Constitutional questions aro to be
decided by tbe Supreme Court, nor do I deny
that BUch decisions must be binding in any case
upon tbe parties to a suit, as to tbo object of
that suit, whilo they are also entitled to very
high respect and consideration in all parallel
cases, by all other departments of tbe Govern
ment, and while It is obviously possible that
»uch decision may be erroneous in any given
case. Still the evil effect following it being
limited to that particular case, with the chance
that it may be overruled, and never become a
pri cedent for other casea, can belter be borne
than could the evils of a different practice. At
the same time the candid citixen must confess
tbat if tbo policy of tho government upon
a vital question, effecting tbe whole people is
to be irrevocably fixed by the decision ot the
Supreme Court tbe instant they are made in
ord.nary litigation between parties in personal
actions, tbe people will have ceased to be their
own rulers, having to that extent practically
resigned thoir government into tbe hands of
that eminent tribunal. Nor is there in this
view any assault upon the Court or the Judges.
It IS a duty Iron: which they may not shrink,
t, decide cases properly brought before them,
and it is no fault or theirs if others seek to turn
tb-ir decisions to political purposes. One sec
tion of our country believes slavery is right,
and ought to be extended, whilo tbe other be.
Paves it is wrong, and ought not to be extend
ed this is the only substantial dispute for the
fugitive slave clause of the Constitution, and
the law for tee suppression of the foreign slave
trade are each as well enforced, perhaps as any
law can ever bo in a community where the
moral »enso of tbe people imperfectly supports
mo law itself. Would the great bexiy of the
oecclo abide h v tbe dry legal obligation in both
cases after'the-" separatiou'of the sections more
than before ? Tbo foreign slave trade now im
perfectly suppressed, would be immediately re
vi-ed without restriction in one section, while
iugilive slaves, now only partially surrendered
would not bo surrendered at all by the other.
Physically speaking we cannot separate; we
cannot remove our respective sections Irom
each other, nor build an impassible wall be
tween them. A husband and wife may be di
vorced and go out ol the presence and be
vend the reach of each other. But the different
parts of our country cannot do this. They can
not but remain face to face, and an intercourse,
either amieuble or hostile, must continue be
tween them. Is it possible, then, to make
that intercouse move advantageous or more
satisfactory after japar&Upg thaS before 1 Cqn
aliens make treaties easier than friends can
make laws * Can treaties be more faithfully
enforced between aliens than laws among
friends ? Suppose you go to war, you cannot
flcht always, and when, after much loss on
both sides and no gain on either, you cease
fighting, the old identical question as to terms
of intercourse are again upon you. This
country with iU institutions, belongs to the
people who inhabit it, whenever they shall
grow weary of the easting government, they
cm exorcise their constitutional right of
amending it, or their revolutionary right to
dismember or overthrow it, J cannot be lgno»
rant of tho fact that many worthy and patri
otic citizens are desirous of having the nation
al constitution amended.
While 1 make no recommendations or
amendments, I fully recognize tbe rightful
authority of the people over the whole subjeot,
to be exercised in either of the modes pre
scribed in the instrument itself, and I should
under existing circumstances favor rather
than oppose a fair opportunity being offered
the people to act tjppn It. I will venture to
add that to me tho Convention mode seem,
preferable, Inasmuch as it allows the amend.
.
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ment to originate with the peoplo themselves, |
instead only of permitting them to take or
neglect a proposition originated by others not
especially chosen for the purpose, and which
might not be precisely such as they would not
wish to either accept or refuse. I understand
a proposed amendment to the Constitution,
which amendment, however, I have not wen,
has passed Congress to the offset that the fed
eral Government shall never interfere with
the domestic institutions of the Stales include
ing that of persons held to service. To avoid
a misconstruction of what X have said, I de
part from my purpose, not to speak of particu
lar amendments, so far as to say that holding
such a provision to be now implied as consti
tutional law, 1 have no objection to its being
made express and irrevosable The Chief
Magistrate derives all his authority from the
people, and they have conferred none upon
him to fir terms for the separation ot the
States. The people themselves can do this
also if they choose, but the Kracutive, as sucb,
has nothing to Jo with it. His duty is to ad
minister present government as it came to his
hands, and to transmit it, unimpaired by him,
to his successor. Why should thore not be a
patient confidence in the ultimate justice of the
people. Is there any better or equal hope in
the world? In our present differences is eith
er party without faith of being in the right.
If the Almighty Ruler of Nalioill, with bit
eternal truth and justice, bo on our side of the
North, or on yours o( the Soutb, that truth
and that justice will surely prevail by tbe
judgment of this great tribunal, the American
By the frame of the Government under which
we live, this same people wisely given tbeir
pulic sereaDia but little puw©r for cni&cbiof, and
have with equal wisdom provided for the re
turn of that little to their own hands, at very
short intervals. W'mle the people retain their
virtue and vigilance, no administration, by
any extrema of wickedness or folly can very
seriously injure the government in the short
space of four years. My countrymen, one and
ail, think calmly and well upon this whole sub
ject. Nothing valuable can be lost by taking
time. If there be an object to hurry any oi
you in hot has to to a step which you w»uld
never take deliberately, thatobj ct will be frus
trated by taking time, but no good object-can
1 rustrated by it. l-juch of you as are now dis
satisfied, still have the old constitution unim
paired, and on this sensitive point the laws of
your own framing under it, while the new ad
ministration would have no immediate power
if it would, to change either. If it were ad
mitted that you who are dissatisfied hold the
right side of the dispute, there still is no good
reason for precipitate action. Intelligence,
patriotism, Christianity, and firm reliance on
Him who bus never yet forsaken this favored
land, are still competent to adjust in the best
way all our present troubles.
In your bands, my dissatisfied countrymen,
and not In mine, is the momentous issuo of
civil war. The government will not assail you.
You can have no conflict without being your
selves the aggressors. You have no oath re
gistered in heaven to destroy the government,
tyhile I shall have the most solemn one to pre
serve, protect and defend it. I am loth to
close. We are not enemies, but friends. We
must not be enemies. Though patsion may
have strained it, must not break our bonds of
affection. The mystic chorda of memory
stretching from every battle field and patriot
grave, to every loyiog heart end hearthstone
over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus
of the Onion, when again touched, as surely as
they will be, the better angels of our nature.
Wasbikuton, March 4, 1861.
W jlsbisoton City, Much 4. —Mr. Lin
coln proceeded with Mr. Buchanan and_ the
Committee on Arrangement* to the White
House. On reaohing the Executive Avenue,
the troops formed in doable line, in the pnain
avenue, and the barpueh Prean
dential party, passed through to the mansion.
Mr. Buchanan accompanied Mr. Lincoln to
the main hall, and there took his farewell
leave of him, expressing the hope in cordial
terms, that his administration might prove a
happy and prosperous one. The ex-President
then retired to the residence of District Attor
ney Ould, where he will temporarily sojourn
till his departure from the city to.morrow
evening. On the arrival at the White House
the Marshals of the day were successively in
troduced; then, a line being formed, the peo
ple rushed in to congratulate the new X’resi
dent. Thus ended fur the day, the inaugura
tion ceremonies, though the enthusiasm was
not by any means equal to that manifested on
former occasion of a similar naturo. Every
thing passed off well. Tne amplest civil and
military preparations had been made by the
military authorities, and General Scott to pros
vide for any emergency that might arise. The
various bodies of troops now here, wore sta
tioned in different parts of the city, the sappers
and miners alone being in the oity.
Gen. Scott it is said was near the capitol
with Capt. Harris' campany of artillery and
M»j. Haskins command. Infantry officers
were continually passing to and fro. Gen Scott
was heard to exclaim, “everything is going on
peaceably; thsnk God for it-” display ot
soldiery in the procession was fine, but not
equal to the display on the 22nd of E.bruary.
Tne companies were quite as numerous but
smaller id size.
The Eepublican Association paraded in the
order of the march immediately after the Ex-
President. Tnis organization had with ila sort
of triumphal car drawn by foqr white horses,
over each cf which was thrown a long white
doth cover w'lfh the wort “Union" in large
letters. The word “Constitution," was on
each side of the pa*. The oar was decorated
with miniature flags and red, while and blue
drapery, and contained thirty-four little girls
representing the States and two young lsdies
typifying reepectively the North and Bouth.
The whole affair was under the charge of ten
Wide-Awakes in full uniform, cape, cap and
all. 600 delegates from New York were in the
procession marching four abreast and wearing
badges with the “New York” thereun. Sev
eral other large delegations of citizens also
joined the line. The scene presemed from
the east point was very fine. The avenue in
front of the porltoo was thronged with people,
the crowd extending to a great distance on
either side and reaching far into the capitol
ground*. Every available spot was black
with human beings; men and boys were
clinging to tho railings, mounting the fences
aDd climbing the trees until they bent be
neath their weight Coo crazy individual
climbed a tree and getting out on one of the
limbs began to deliver an inaugural after his
own fashion. While thus in the height of his
glory, the branch broke and tbe soaring indi
vidual came tumbling to the ground amid the
roars of the bystanders. o|n the outer edge of
the concourse the volunteer soldiery halted
and stood at reat during the delivery of the
Inaugural. A* the sun shone brightly on the
gay dresses of ladies, the waving stars and
stripes and tho handsome uniforms and glitter
ing weapons of tho soldiery, the scene was ex
ceedingly animated and picturesque. Several
of those indefatigable pprsoqs, the photograph*
er*. were op the ground to take impressions
of the scene, one corner of tbe portioo be.ng
occupied for the requisite phemieaU, etc. To
Mr. Lincoln’s left there was a small apparatus ;
directly in front of him there was another, at
a distance of about 100 yards, and a third, ot
huge dimensions, was placed on his right,
raised on a platform built specially for the
purpose.
Washiboton, Msroh 4.—The Senate re
mained in session uclil after daylight. After
the rejection of various .o tne
House joint reso utions, a vote was taken, and.
it was passed—yeas 24, nays 12. The Peace
Conference resolutions were then voted on and
rejected—yeas 7, nays 28. The Crittenden
resolutions were then rejected-yeas 19, nays
20. At 7 o’clook the Senate took a recess till
10 o’clock.
St Lotjis, March 4.— Pursuant to adjourn
ment on Friday evening, the State Convention
was oalled to order at half past ten o cl<»k this
morning, at the Mercantile Library HalL-
The hall was tastefully decorated with national
flags, and a large eagle was placed over the
Chairman’s stand- The lobby was crowded.
A committee of thirteen on Federal Eolations
was appointed. The Convention is now en
gaged in discussing a proposition; to reoeive
Sr Glenn, Commissioner from Georgia, with
1 afalr prospeet of footing it,
. -V /
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WisnisoTiK, March 4—SENATE. —-Senate
comm n -d Session at 7 o’olock last evening*
amid u.ucb confusion, owing to the crowd
occapyingthe galleries Mr. Crittenden made
an earnest and eloquent speech, urging the
adoption of the House joint resolutions, as it
would afford a gleam of sunshine, and raise
hope for a peaceable solution.
Mr. Trntnbull, of 111., said he was tired .of I
bearing the talk of usurpation and injustice.
Why not make the appeal to the men in arms'l
against the Government. He could cot think I
it possible that this great Government would
break up this way, and would call on Southern I
brethren to pause and consider if the Republi
can party had ever done them wrong, that
party denies that they ever intend doing them
wrong. Wait till you hear the inaugural o r
the President, whioh he trusted would either
be a spirit of kindness towards the South as j
well as the north, and express a determination
that no encroachment should be made on the
rights of any one.
Messrs. Baker, Douglas, Bigler, Pugh and
other Senators also spoke.
M-. Wade closed with an opposition speech.
House —The House re assembled at ten.
Speaker Pennington made a parting address,
asserting his devotedness to the Uoion, and all
necessary compromises to hftil 'the differences
agitating the country. Ho was in favor of a
National Convention to remedy the supposed
or real grievances. The Speaker concluded
bis address by announcing that '*tho Mouse Is
adjourned sins die." With mnch good humor
the members separated.
Washington City, March 4—During the!
delivery of the Inaugural, whioh commented I
about half past one o'clock, Mr. Lincoln was |
much cheered, especially at any allusion to the I
Union. President Buchanan and Chief Jus-1
tice Taney listened with the utmost attention I
to every word, and at its conclusion the latter 1
administered the usual oath, in taking which,
Mr. Lincoln was vociferously cheered. ]
The Chief Justice seemed very much agita
ted, and bis hands shook very perceptibly with
emotion. The inauguration of to-day makes
the eighth ceromoay of the kind at which
Justice Taney has officiated, having admin
istered the oath successfully to President Van
buren, Tyler, Polk, Taylor, Filmore, Pearce,
Buchanan and Lincoln. The ceremony was
exceedingly impressive. At the conclusion of
the inauguration ceremonies the President was
escorted to the Senate Chamber, thence to his
carriage; and the military forming as in the
procession of the morning, accompanied him,
with the Committee of Arrangements to the
White House.
Washington Onr, March 4. —Mr. Buchan- j
an was at the Capitol this morning' for three j
hours, and was detuned till five minutes to
noon, attending to the pablic business. He
signed every bill that was presented, none
making public appropriations were lost. . The
bill amendatory to the act for the protection of'
discoveries of guano deposits, failed to become
a law i that to correct verbal errors In the tar
iff was passed previous to the adjournment of
Congress. The speaker appointed Mr. Cox, a
member ofthe Committee on Foreign Affairs,
in place of Mr. Hill, of Georgia, resigned.
Washington City, March 4.—Several
Democratic members of the late Congress were
to-day engaged in drawing up a manifesto to:
be presented to the leaders of all parties for
their signatures as a basis for a Union party
organization.
New Yokk, March 4 —The bank statement
lor the week ending on Saturday, ahowa an
Increase in loans of $2,666,672, decrease in
specie, $3,663,822; increase in circulation $161,-
963; decrease in.deposits, $1,993,328,
Fifteen feet water in tile channel.
PITTSBURGH MARKETS.
Report*i Bxprtuij/ jar tot DaHy Morning Part
Flour ...Little change. Sales in lots of 666 bbla at
84,90®6.00 for spring, and for winter wheat,
wheat, extra; (or spring, and f-r
water extra family, and 16,9096.10 tor spring, ana (6,00
@6,26 for winter fancy *
firkin, h»lm 6CO bash Cam at 28@Sda tromfirst
bands; 426 buah Oats trom store, at 26c; 100 bosh By*
at 66c.
Sugar ...Sales 87 hhdsH. O.at 6>4®7l£e * H>-
Mol&sses M Sales 87 bbla. H. O, at 88®87}£e V SBb
Coffee „.Baiea 63 saoka Bio at 14}4®14J(0 V Ih.
Cheeae —Sales 105 boxes W. K.atloc®lh-
Oils...SaleaHbblsL«Eljmol at 90oggal.
Butler... Sales 5 bbU at 140 <g Bx; 10 boxes prime at
lio.
Applee-Sales 66 bble at 81,76®2^10.
Eggs... Sales 6 bbla at 11® 12a ft doa
Pol atoea-Sales 260 boah at 60c,
Uomluy...Sales 6 bbls PegH at
Fish-Sales It bb\s No 8 Mackerel at 12,00 per bbl,
end (6,60 per hf. bbl.
Hay ...Saleß 10 loads, from scales, at tg®loy ton.
W frisky ...Sales 44 bbls Kectiiled at l»@10o ¥ gab
' DB.C. BAELZ,
WATERCURE AND HQBEQPATHIC PHYSICIAN.
AISQ-eASEHT OF
RAINBOW'S CELEBRATED TRUSS
FOB
buptitbes.
de]: l T 130 SMITHFIBLD ST
JOHN BURGESS & SON’S
SHRIMP, BEEF BTE»K, LEMON,
SE“ d gIS, BE B T B ® W EATS,
L,. fnr *&lfl bV WJL BKHUfilii
hWMt y iso wood
BUBI.IOATI.OMS.— ’
Tne American Almanac for 1861*
Motley’s History of thpUnited a tow.
Parton* Life of Jackson: 3 tol*
Hallaro’a Middle Ages: Riverside Edition, 3 tola*
lllustrated Horse Doctor; „ .
KUle Venear. Wy Oliver Wendell Holmes* 3 vole.
Recreations of a Country Parson;
Emerson’s Conduct of life;
Studies From LUe: bv Mbs Mmocm
?r';. o “ 1 £ tesffiSsSu v*.
8.C0.8 work* Now »^«gs^sjas».
BESTS’, iiiDlUk’. HlbSltS AJUMJHIiDBEIfI
(IAITEBS,
Philadelphia Manufactures,
W. E. SCHMERTZ, & CO.,
GENTS’ AND BOYS’
FRENCH CALF
TWO SOLE BOOTS, (Sewed,)
SELLING AT
REDUCED PRICES,
-AT-
W. E. SCHIEBTZ A CO.,
.81 Fifth Street,
iel6 I '
CITY cOU-KtiK. co/oer of
Iky Clair stress, open day and erenmg;
enter at any time* and receive private inetmpaonu*
branches of study. . „n«n*
Professional advice giveiffoTmsiness .
log *»nd dosing their books,
and. all matters pertaining to jae aurjecitP* ■&&
tiur£d*w
rpft T.-gr—Th« Three atonaa Wartft
1-jg^ l w<rod “"‘“mSWES * BSOTHKBI
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stage oiT Water.
Pirenuxsa, March 4,IML
—OP THE BEST-
SELLING LOW TO MAKS BOOM FOB
SPRING GOODS,
SI Flltli Street.
1 \}' rk \ '
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OOFT FINISH
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“fiSTtmena,' warranted piire Pla*; Shirt
'"“ougphr ipMi i, fr*
do\, a ■.'it.-..-.-. *,*?■/>:■-*Jfii
&orth Elaat oorpfT of *fl> ytf k*t-*tw»r*S'.w
ffIHE US DEBSIGNEBASSOOMfIIv
X J. ANDESjON
matmtacturiun ‘N tllA* TICKB,
flwt day -.1 JASUAUVvlasVr^o®if*i^^Ss!SM&^
ducted otid»r tbe eld name
F«bra«ijSith;'la6t."
Dmi> C8E33.“
B. F. BHYTH.i J. AWWMOk.. jS
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TINCTURE
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DRUGGIST AKD
, Comer Pennwd.Sy^ai*
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Wxehotuo, Ho.‘l« Ftrit ' j
Haaofketarexe of all
°°jS»o Jobbmg*nd Machine
■NAIIELEU \
a PAtntwßoywCT&WaSlflWl^tt^^j^^ilß^
tkm made to order. * s •»• *?: -
Haying * complete .machine
Foundry, ail neceeanry fifc&Q j£"»Bl
; - - •■ •
oNs,.miois.- RBi/oL | j
And sll kind* of CUTLEEYi
DENTAL INSTHU^fERTS^
(Successor to'
■ Zi
'ALL PAPER,
««,at:wtl6lra£'
NO .BT“W'
GILT CEO'
CHENIUE E!
SILK BRAID CROTCHET KBTIS*
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HOOP SKIRTS! HW.Wg^r^l
NEW STYLES, RECSSIV^TH|i®^ V <§#
*» adam3, EXrtE3§: ’^fSSSlSSii
uNUsuAtwr;toii^^^^M"
CHARLES:
78 market. ' v rzs
mat \ag4- ,-fMS
%&■ ‘.^
Th e s stißscßi&'Eife. -m
quit the Grocefy iW'jettrJj* JJSS i-T®
atookol groceneaan t ilqhora»flktafftS
of the store for any length >
boo dwirona of engaging4n ,. ~v >3s
termß will be fijen, and a
never occar, as the stand is ono or<fift , ~
•ttoated in Allegheny cii>,oai well jrivjmmgLmi ',„ r <;;§?
ing a large wholesale ana retdl baainteifo F«-W Ttnst .
particulars enquire of > -. ; •' SVfrfeg..
jAfres pattost, Jifc,w "'^S
No. 138 Federal atrob Vndar&O toaHcal, ABftßhWtr;’
city, Flu ; -.■ -. niaraay..- .‘.'v "--:V32
—“ OFF LCE~OF THE „ "\ „ V¥~S
pirrsBUEQH, ft. - ■ vas
PKESUIKHTM OmCSE.'. „ , u l y " -,ygg
Pirnirtirai^Ffli.'JS^lS«£.\
(tt=»thb anmjat. election lOFirpJßßoroßa .
THE PITTSBURGH, FORT WAYNE A3A& V * g
CHICAGO BtItROAD OOMPA&Y, to MrvethO igwfc, f*
ina year, wiU be. hfld.at. the BQABD OFJC&ApK .; --. >•:s
ROOMS, in the City of Pittsburgh, oa WEDNESDAY;
the 27th day of March .noxtiat 9 a. M. 'ThfcyftglHtfrf,
Pooka will be closed from the 10th to tho
March—both inctartte.anddhe holders oj ' /w
Ohio and Pennsylrafita? Obio-and ' .v
Wavoeand Chicago -Cpmpaniqs, JchsfeJiM, _* !t
no‘®Sionvei«Tilt«teekoflho ■> \- 'A
thattime,will nrite eoUilediorote « ajldeleetap.'. r,
feifcdtglmarch - - ' ' -
BECHANCE
ABA
■ jtt’QßiWH’B i>:
THOS.’M’GB4IN. SB;,
warding and CommiraibgiA _
Tobacco "WerebotiseTccrner
LoaisriJle K>* Uaeqqjaiediidrajil*'
void sale ai Grain and Agnculthr
Safety from fire eqa&J
▼ilia. Refer to-HesOßa Semjutf'
jalfrowd
<gs v
-87.
FOUBTH 3
Bank. of Oeposit
HTEBE&T PAW 0
Pup CtaifentToiMU *<
THBfeUN DERtJIGNEi.
indiridoaUj responsible to
extenioftheir prir Me means:
James M«rab«n,
Samuel George. Thomas Mr
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