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ORME
e, --..c';:f.1.',..
,?,!5",,,..
"To establish peist °Ulcer; and post roads:"
"'re constitute tribithills inferior to -the supreme
. •-•"' I
*re declare wee 'etc.;
"To provide and maintain a navy.", • • .
This list might be extended EiSiris to embrace
all the powers conferred on Congress by the
constitutimi ; but enetigh has been cited to test
the principle. Will it be contended that Con
gress con delegate any one of these powers to
a territorial legislature or to any tribunal what
ever'.! Can Congress delegate to Kansas the
t p h , i s e we p r o t w o e , r s r , e , g u t , ll ,, a .s t t e a c h o i
inslitiuuenrtiserL'nc,sr truoleNebraska
uralization," or to Illinois the power " to coin
money and regulate the value thereof," or to
Virginia the Power "to establish post-offices
and pest-reads."
The mere statement of the question carries
with it the emphatic answer, that Congress
Cannot delegate tiny power which it does ties
sess; hut Stint every power conferred on Con
gress by the constitution must be exercised by
i
iiiigri•ss i - the mariner prescribed in that in
strument,
On the other hand, there are cases in which
Congress may establish tribunals and local gov
ernments, and invest them with powers which
Congress does not possess and cannot exercise
under the constitution. For instance, Congress
may establish courts inferior to the Supreme
Court, and confer upon them the power to
hear and determine cases. and render judg
teems affecting the life, liberty and property
of the citizen, without itself having the power
to Ismtr and determine
. such causes, render
judgments, or revise or annul the suite. In
like maninir Congress may' institute govern
ments for the territories, composed - of an exec
utive, judicial and legislative department; and
may confer upon the . floyernor all the execu
tive-Powers and functitsas:of the territory,
without having the right to exercise any one
of those powers or functions itself.
Congress may confer upon the judicial de
partment all the judicial powers and functions
of the Territory, without having the right to
hear and determine a cause, or render a jade .
smut, or to revise or annul any decision made
by the Courts so established by Congress.
Congress may also eonfer upon the legislative
department of the Territory certain legislative
piswers which it cannot itself exercise, and only
sneh as Congress cannot exercise under the
Constitution. The powers which Congress
mar thus confer but cannot exercise, are such
as relate to the domestic affairs and internal
polity of the l'i•rritory, and do not affect the
general nest of the Republic.
This dividing lime ~kt I
_WeLa, tied, , rlllllllLl local
authoritv was familiar to the framers of the
Constitution. It is clearly defined and dis
tinctly marked ••ii every page of history which
records the great ,scents of that i m mortal
struggle leitiveen the American colonies and
the British government, which resulted its this
establishment of our mahout! independence. In
the beginning of that struggle, the felonies
neither contemplated nor dared Independ
ence. in all their addresses to the Crown, and
Ito the Parliament, and to tee people of Great
' Britain, its well as to the people of America,
they a verred that as loyal British subjects, they
- In me 01 , ,,, ,, ,, I , I I 11 , Fl3Vory 3,,itatiOni Win nod 1,3. •
1i,,:.,1 a .•;--,- •ii:lil 11, , been resetted stid passed. • 1 ,leplt•irett triti causes which impolled subjects,
sep
lisose in. stisi svain ,i itself ,smitot stand.' I I,neve t [J, I aration rr,..r“ aret. country. They were
~,eroseent •,1“1“I 1•111.111 re peritrawntly half she e awl
h.. 1 ire.. 1 .to not expect the ISMINO 5. fan. but Ido ex i strongly and atleistionately attached to the
~.. s 0 wilt ...se , to is, dided. ii win nisi-i•me 1,11 on,. , Constituti ,, n, civil and political institutions,
twee ..,• aii 0,.. "user. Ilither the opp,tiaints el slaiery and jurisprudence of Greet Britain, which
null arrest the tartest • ;io-ail ef it, mud place it "'lit . '" t h • • prosily i claimed its the birth-right of all
it., pal ;c mind slisii r-i to the I.,lief that it is in if, I
...'
t ....r-t• .4 ttlttt,ttt• t•xtttit.tittli , or it: titivtwatt , IA dl ittt • ; EntZli.ihtpen, 1/111.1 dashe d its transmit. them On -
i'''''''`i tine ''''"lll"'"'''""' ' 1 ' 1 " hitliii iii i' i hi . si= o - ., ' impaired as a precious legacy to their postA.ri
-aid as aeli ,1. , ilea. :.,,,11,,, , well as t'eutli."
I Iv. For a long series of years they rmnn-
The,s. it v,ii! i„•
..5.,11, that under the o amipie, I L
.", i
raknn against tin' violation Of their inaliena
a a l'lliti‘'.ll'`,L:,• "dish 'l.in.s• ~ ver'i'v'llY : Lie right, of selfv, ~,yrisinent under the Bri
ii, c•os,7res over the stilsjeet .•1' slavery, these' ,
tom t'oll,,titUli,ln anti 11111111 , 1 y netitioned for
can 11, In , ;.•:1 ,. . , 051 lb h
.! ~ Vrry glee —w tes 1 ,
e • redriss of tMir s•rievsineck. '
Ills,. in lineseslsnal strife-no fraternity Is- They iwkiesu 'edged and aftirmed their all,-
',.'":'" :\'''''" i "'' l '''';''',°'' '''' ,1"..`4 I i " t',l"; I :'ranee , to th, crown. their affection for the
t 11,11 rcinalii, a , our ",.a111 , .r , nriiie it- '., 6 "'" I people. :mil their dot "lion to the constitution
lat .) l'l - and 'l"`'' :..:4"l's• with 11 "' '' - "l ''" •
.if Great Britain: and their only complaint
'l' I"sir's "; ""'''" 1 " ''"‘i'. ' - '"s''''' ''''' i ''"'-' . ." s '" : ~ , nll that tle.y were not permitted to enjoy the
choose,. ,11,,i t• , n11, , h-li it Whnt,,,,T it pleas rights and privileges of self-government , in
stn the "titer hand it wi odd be untainhil to , this ,„„„„„,..,., 0 ,4 of their internal atTuirs and
deny that, tt bile the Democratic party is a unit i
.liones , tie concerns, in accordance with the
in its irr,coneilalid , upp,tioti to the disitrin.-s „
uarantie , of that constitution and of the cola-
iltel primip of the Fo l aililietin IlartY• 4l " . r' . I end charters granted by the crown in pursu
are riativai 11111 . ..1 . 4•11 ,, , 1.1 . T i n i.,11 in respect to i „ nee of it. Thee 0 11110,1 ed the right of the
the power, :old ,Inin- of I 'ongress• and tit
, 1 imperial government to make all laws and per- i
rights :mil immunities of I.l' people °f Is t. "' i form all acts c oncerning the colonies, which
t e rritori,•, under the l'isleral Constitution. ,
were in their nature i Iv,- rill( and not rotunial
which seriously di-turli its harmony, alai ' i which atrected the general welfare of the
threaten it.: 11,1,grIty. The, ditroron,•., ••fl „,„,, i ,„, and did not interfere with this -inter
opinion :iris: , from the different interprctatioli'• sal i „,l' i t r - o f the c olonies They recognized I
placed on. the (..,institution }n.persons wit'' i the right of the imperial government to de-
belong. to ono of the follow i fig chLsSeS , , elm, war and make peace: to eoip money and
Fires-" Those Who I,,•lit•Vt• that. the Constitm ' determine its value; to Make Creakier; and - con
dos of the 1 . nited States neither esthbli' 4 " . ' , duct ititereour , • with foreign nations: to reg -
our prohibits shit ere in the Slates or terrilor - , „ 1 „,„ ~„‘„,„.„..,„, i „,„,. ‘ „,„ i i„, ~,,,e at „„ I „ n i,,
itts beyond the ! so,. rIII" OW people 1, T". 11 Y '" :and b e tw.•••,,,,wl , eoi, my and the parent coon- '!
control it, but •'1,..,, es the peopl.• thereof per sr\ , aml ‘..itli fore,g,, ,aunties; and in gene
feetiv free to biriii and regulat" tht'if ll""” - ''' r.,1 . 1 11, , v reeogniA the right of the imperial
institution , in their owe way, subject only t0' „,,„.„„,,,,, „f ( "1 .„ Rtita ,,, i. „ e‘ „ tei ,,„ all
the Constitution of the I . nittsl States. iiiii power- and atithorilV whieh, under our
;•;,.,-ess,i-Th.. , r who b01t,,, thA th, ConF•ti--1 , rti., , ,
• l'eue eon , titolion. arc delegated by the pen.
t u tlon es .t a bilishei: sl 3Vcr:. in 111 , . territoi 1.- . awl , 5 . 1
inn to. t,1, , ~,, r al Stitt, to the government of
withhold , from Congi•tiss mid ti,' territorial the liflits , l 5 , tat ,,. .
in•rinialtlro the 1 ,,,,,, , ,, t„ control i t: „,,,1 who lt,eisigni - iin , and conceding to the imperial
insist 'lett, in the ev , mt the territorial legisla 1 ~.; , ,ri s rano•iit all mesa isswersnrcheilmj the
lure fail- t•• mad th•• riiiii-ite law, fib- its pro :
..,„ h ”„ ihet„,,,,,,,,ere„,„,„„ e „, the „. 4 „ hit ., ,
teetiou. it 1 r 01•41111,`• OP. ill I iu•ntlivi..lsity of by granting etitirters under which the inhale
t'osigres- to interp , - , tts authority :in , l turns-I,
tants residing withlit the limits of any srseci
such protection. I tied territory n ig ht 11, ~rzanizoil into a polit
'fiord-1110-, wit, While 1 - 1, 5 - lit."-'.'-o"`4 t„' Mal cononunit v. with :t government eonsAsting
believe that th,•C,eistitsiti , e , establishes slavery i 4.f its :11111rOprilit0 11.spartnient , .. executive., leg
ill the territories beyond the power of Coo i ,d,,ti e ss, and judicial, conceding all these
ge ,s,,r the b.rriterial legislature. to control it. ,
1 14/Wor, OW colonies emphatically denied that
at Ow same time protest tigaiii., , L the duty ii , i
. ' Lae imperial US 4,lse rt. uteu I had any rightful nti-
C01t ,, r,, ,,, Cu iiiterlery t,or it- I ,r,ltecti, , n, but in- , ,
tin-may to impose taNes upon thorn without
Pist that it i- the •Inty of the judii•istry to pro , , ,
. [ their :',iii.‘etit, or to interfere with their inter
teet and
, is
1., Slavcry in . the turritorie
I nal polity: claiming that it was this birthright
without any law upon tiro subject. 'of all Englislimen--inalienable when formed
I;v a careful es.atilinat ion of the second tl -,„t.„ a political community—to exercise SAKI
third 1 ,1,,1,,, , 1ti0n ,, , it uill he i.eell that the a•i '
..,.. p ., ~II 0,,,,0,,
,privileges rind immuni,,i,,,,
voca tc, or e ach ag ree on theoretical q ui,stion. : of s elf.government in respect to all matters
that the s.OrtStitiltiosl nStithliSliel , Aay.nry in II ”' ', 51151 thill: which were local and not general
territories, and eu napets ;1,,,,,1,,t,,,,,,it, whether , _internal and not external -colonial and not
they want it or not :and differ on the- 1,r” , • ' -
; imperial--as fully as if they were inhabitants
tient point. whether a right secured by '''''' ' of England with a fair representation in par
tionstitution shall lin proteeteci by fill :1,•1 I tiams ,, nt.
~f Congre, when all other ~n0,14.,-, ri.L.
, I Thu, it appears that our fathers of the Revo-
The ;sift:son stssigned for not protecting
: I :: I lotion were coritelitlin , r, not for independence
law a right ~,, e nre, l by the constitution i-.
lin the first instance, tint for the inestimable
that it is. the duty of the courts to proteet i „ lit
„ 1 . 1. ,,, l
~,,...
~ g o,,,,,ment wider the British
shivery in the territories without any leg I ' . 'i- ,
imstituth , n; the right of every distinct politi
isiation upon the subject. llow the courts are to
i ca l Collillitinitv --dependent colonies Territo
:llford pr. itei•t ii in to slaves or any other property 1 ,
where there is no law providing remedies am! I tics, and provinces, as well as savor: States
.: 1-to make their own local laws, forum their own
imposing penalties. said conferring jurisilicwon ,
. domestic institutions, and nutnage their own
upon the ',sun.- to hear and determine the case ,
internal affairs in their own way, subject only
as thi-v arise. remains to be-explained_
to the constitution of Great Britain as the par-
The acts of Congress.establishing the several , , ~ , 1 ,, •
51111011 n,, law of the Anyare.
territories of the 11 - nit...l States, provide that:
Ti," g overnment of Great Britain had via
.' The jurisdiction of the 'several courts hereio
fated this inalienable right of local self-goy
pros bled for, both appellate and original, anal
t•rnment by a long series of acts on a great
that of the probate courts and jus . tices tit tl ,•
peace, shall las is limited by law '—inearsii, .2: variety of subjects. The first serious point of
controverssy arose on the slavery tittestlon as
such laws as the t,•rritorial legislature shall fro
early LIS 1699, which continued a fruitful source
film , to timeeme•t. It will beseen that thejudieial
l a
irritation until the Revolution, and formed
tribunals ,i I. - the h•rritories have just such jii Ti , .
unii of the C.:UFOS for the separation of the
diction. and ~ r ll. , -itch, in respect to the rights of
colonies frets, the British crown.
persons and property pertaining to the. citizen:
For more than forty years the provincial
of the territory as the
to
legislature,
legislature of Virginialllol passed laws for the
shall see lit to confer ; and consequently, that ,
protection and encouragement of African slo
th.: courts caiNflord protection to persons and
within her limits. - This policy was stead
property no furtlwr than the legislature shall. , ver y
Hy pursued until the white inhabitants of V ir
by law, confer the jurisdiction and proscrile
. ginist became:thinned for their own safety, in
the remedies, penalties and modes of proceeo
itiew of the numerous and formidable tribes of
Indian Savtigt‘S which surrounded and threat
ened the feeble white settlements, while ship
loads of African savages were being daily
hauled in their midst. is, order to check and
restrain a policy which seemed to threaten tho
very existence of thereolony, the provincial
legislature enacted 11`,` . faw imposing a tax upon
every slave who should be brought into Vir
ginia.'• The British merchants, who were en
;gaged in :the African slave trade, regarding
thislegislation, RS injurious to their interests,
and in violation of their rights, petitioned the
King of England and his Majesty's ministers
to annul time obnoxious law and protect them in
their right to curry their . slaves into Virginia,
and all other,British colonies which were the
common firalierty of the em pire-acquired by the
coiumon blood tuld the common treasure-and
from which a few adventurers who had settled ,
on the imperial domain by his Majesty's PUf-
ferance, bad no right to exclude them or dis
criminate against their property by amere
provincial enactment. Upon a full consi ,
ders-
tion of the subject,the ding graciouSly grant-'
ed the prayer of the petitioners, and accord-
ingly issued peremptory orders. to the royal
Governor of Virginia, and to the Governors of ,
all the other British colonies in America, for
bidding them to sign or approve any colonial
or provincial enactment injurious to the Af-
rietin slave trade, unless such enactment should I
contain a clause suspending its operation until I
his Majesty's pleasure should be made knonw
in the premises:.
~,,
JudgeTucker,tb his Appendix to Blackstone,
refers to thirty-one
,u l a :
oi c ,sn t s s
edt of f i e
a,, p ut r b o jy t ec • a i
r n ti c oo ia l
uf
s l
Ap e erf g r i ii s caod l a n; I
I f i r it o 7 , e i
o o L3 f 2 N t ! o irr 7 i 7 n lt i , a.
slavery, showing conclusively that Virginia'
always considered this RE one of the questions
affecting her " internal polity," over which she
in common with the other colonies, elainaed
"the right of exelmdve legislation in their'
provincial legishitureS - ", Within their respective I
limits. Someof ttt i ese acts, particularly those
which xvere' enacted prior to the year 1699, I ,
were evidently-intended to foster and amour-
age, as wallas to regulate and control African
Slavery is 'one of the domestic institutions of .
the colcity.' 'The act of 1699, and most.of the
e bee
rent to that date, were as oh
&
The Dividing Line Between Federal and
Local Authority.
YOULIR SOVEREIGNTY IN TERRITORIES,
HY STEPHEN A DOUGLAS
(Prom I:tg:tzlne, for S...l,t,smberl.
Under our complex iystem of government
it iF.the. tirst,lotv of American statesmen to .
mu-I: 111,6111'th 010 dividing line between fed
eral and lineal a uthority. To do thh3 with cc
curney, involve, an inquiry, not only into the
pow, t., arid duties of the federal government
under the Constitution, hutalso into. the rights,
pri, :Old immunities of the people of the
Torroories, well as of the States composing
tie" Itnien. The relative powers and rune-
lion- of 110? federal and State government ,
have hiwonie well understood and clearly de-
E B ,.a by their practical operation and harm , -
nion , action for a long series of• years; while
the disputed pa , tion—invoiving the right of
the people of the territories to govern them
selves in re-,act, to their lova! affairs and in
ternal polity—r,nutins a fruitful source of par
strife :oe! ~s•tional controversy. ''he
politteal orgatkiv,otion which was formed in
1sro: and has assumed tho name of 'ltepubli
e,rl party. i , on the theory that African
:.lavery. as it exist: in thi , sountrv, is an evil
, u , h mug!, it moral and political
to justify :Led require the exertion of, the,
entire! power and influence of the federal guy
riinr,olt it full extent that the Constitu
tion, necordinL , , 1,, their interpretation,will per
mit, for estinetion. In the plat
f,,rin of prineipl.,, adopted at. Philadelpia,
Iw
the Republi , • , ll National Convention in Isr,G,
it is affirmed :
"Thatihe ontiOitutien eonferi ripen congress serer
pore' ever rhe Term orte, of the Untied :tom, tor
11e1r iievornment. met that in the exereise of thin hewer
i fit ILA, Nth the rontt and the. ditty of Gogreirs to prithit.it
the, 'rerneino, tho,o reneii i ni
leirtearoon,
ebixery."„
- •
ori . l ngto Ow. theory of the Republican
party there is tin irrepressible conflict bet ween
ti epdem anti slavery, free labor and slave lain r,
t I t free Silltet'i and the slave States, which is
. •
irreconcilable, and must continue to rage with
inereasite4 lure truth the one shall become nut
venal be the am nib ilutiou of the other. In
the langte of the most eminent and author-
itative expounder of their political faith :
•• It is an t tr,i•re,sittitt conthet Iwtweett epposing and
ninrinq three-: :aid it moat., that the Untied Sinn,
ti ko, , e otter a later. leoeime either tintrrel
0.1.11115 Itikkeini, or en t I rely a fret—labor nati , •d.
r . .:her the ,•ot,n Met rice fields of S. nail I lent
t Ile ttllnkkr 11.11,1t101 , of 1.0111,1,11.1., trill uttnnately I• •
by free sib ,r. tied Chat 4-don awl New 0 r t, it ,1.,•.
wear. MAO:" tor tegettem , te,renattm, ,,, : d un e, or i'
toe rve fields end t; heed fields if Mtostkehesete. ott I
Ott,: Oe stir rendered by the tin die, to
elite e eultdre :eel to the proadetind of eitives. arid
tort rind New Yeri. L..cowe once more markets for tra,l••
to the ail reel- of mlt."
In the Mini:, l•:111Vt1S ,
defended by Ow
I:••publican t,tanatirtl-bearer in
tht•-e
SEMI
-1 4
;:4
„.
It is difficult to concave how any per,on
who bolioWes that the constitution confers the
right of protection.in theenjoyment of slave
property in the territories, regardless of the
wishes of the people and of the action of the
territorial legislature, can satisfy his conscience;,
and his oath of fidelity to the goniititution iu
withholding such Congressional logistlitipitfls
may be oqsenthil ti the enjoyment of sue i right,
under the constitution. tinder thiS view of .
.the subject it is it lisle to resist the en s -
elusion that, if the constitution &es eitablitili
shivery in the” terri -4, Iwyortfl the VONV
er if the people to it it by law, it is
the ilispera.tl e duty of tgress to supply all
the,lcyisl:di an necessary to its ; and'
if this proposition is not true, it neeer , .datily
results that the constitution neither esthblishes
nor prohibits slavery anywhere. but leaves the
peiiple of each State and territory entirely free
to form and regulate their domestic Minks to
suit themselves, without the intervention of
Congress or any. other power whatsoever.
But it is urged with great plausibility by
those who have entire faith in the soundness ~f
the proposition that is territory is the mere
creature of Congress, that the creature cannot
be clothed with any powers not po,:sessed by
the creator ; and that Congress, nut possessing
the power to legislate in re-pect to African
slavery in the territories, cannot delegate to a
territorial legislature any power which it does
not itself possess. -
This proposition is as:Flausible as it is falla.
eious. Rut the reverse of it is true as a gem
oral rule. Congress cannot delegate to a ter
ritorial legislature, or to any other body of men
whatsoever, any pov-t . which the constitution
lies vested in coagress. In other words ;
'Every puma' r,r7Vrl • red oi Congress by Vic
srfution teise.il Au Congfcss in the
PlOde prwribrd is the c.n.stitteti.n..
Let its test the eorreetness of this proposi
tion by reference to this polders, of Congre ns
defined in the constitution : ;- - •
"The Congress shall iIPN power-''
an d e elleei• taxes, duties, irrirsast.
c ,; T io " fr lsotYcir'ow money on the ereditofthellnitedStatee
ine4 , .
"To regulate commerce with foreign nations,"
"To est:J.IIAI a undone' rule otnaturalizatiorCetu;
"To coin money and reiulate the rains thereof"
MIESEI
INCUBI
*1
-"".-%*: •
"
.
• ; 2
4,•••,?','' 4 ;
.T 4,
4!
,fit
,;
• '
EMENEEM
/ I
viously designed to restrain and check the
growth of the institution with the view of con
fining it within, the limit of . the actual necessi
ties of the ccimnannity, or `its tdtimate extinc
tion as might. ha deemed most conducive to the
public interests, by a system of unfriendly leg
islation such as imposing a tax on all slaves in
troduced into the colony, which was increased
and renewed from time to time, as-oceasion re
quired, until the period of the Revolution.
Many of these acts never took effect, in conse
quence of the King withholdin,g his assent, even
after the governor had approved the enactinen t,
in cases where it contained &clause s uspending
its operation until his majesty's pleasure should
be made known in the premises.
In 1772 the provincial legislature of Vir
ginia, after imposing another tax of live per
cent. on all slaves imported into the . colony,
petitioned the king toremove all those restraints
which inhibited his Majesty's'evernors assent
ing to such laws as might check so very perni
cious a commerce as slavery. Of this petition,
Judge Tucker says:
" The following extract from a petition to the throne,
presented from the House of • Burgesses of Virginia,
April 1,1772, will show the sense of the people of Vir
ginia on the subject of slavery at that period:
"The importation of slaves into the colony item the
coast of Afriea bath long been considered as II trade of
great inhumanity; and under its present encouragement
we have too much reason to fear will endanger the very
existence of your Majesty's American dominiumi • "
Mark the ominous words! Virginia tells
the King of England in 1772, four years prior
to the Declaration of Independence, that his
Majesty's American dominions are in danger ;
not because of the shunt) duties—not because
of the tax on tea—not because of his attempts'
to collect revenue in America ! These have
since been deemed sufficient to justify reboil:on
and revolution. But none, of these ere refer
red to by Virginia in her address to the throne
—there being another wrong which in magni
tude and enormity so far exceeded these and
all other causes of complaint, that the very
existence of his Majesty's American domin
ions depended upon it That wrong consisted
in forcing 4frican slavery upon e. dependent
colony without, hoc consent, hnd In opposition
to the wishes of her own people!
The people of yir g inis at that day did not
appreciate the force of the argument used by
the Ilritish merchants who were engaged in
the African sisys §pci Which was
afterwards endorsed, at least by implication,
by the King and his ministers: that the colo
nies were the common property of the empire
—acquired by the common blood and treasure
—and therefore all British subjects had the
right to carry their slaves Into 'the colonies,
and hold them in defiance of tbo local law, and
iu contempt of the wishes and safety of the
colonies.
The people of Virginia, not being convinced
by this process of reasoning, still adhered to
the doctrine which they held it, common with
their sister colonies, that it was the birthright
of all freemen—inalienable when formed into
political conununftles—to exercise exclusive
legislation in respect to all matters pertaining
to their internal polity—slavery nut excepted,
and rather than surrender this great right they
were prepared to withdraw their allegiance
from the erqw ti.
Again referring to this position to the King,
the same learned Judge adds :
" This pennon produced no ethicht.iipp,arstroin the
Bret chiii,e of out IVrrymal ronslitunoa, where, among
other rats of nu-rule, t w odium:in tise of the royitl neg.
R,e in refusing us Rho pen to of Vi; i ;inii,i pi•rnil, , swii
, hi ext.liels ph t l oil, imra es 1. law, is eimmer,aled seleap,
1 the tea4ons for serrinitin4 from Ureat Briton."
This clause in the constitution of Virginia.
referring to the inhuman use Of the royal neg
ative, in refusing the colony of Virginia per
mission to exclude slavery from her lic.its by
law a, one of the fe. 4 litinii -cur separating from
Great Britain, was adopted on the l'2th day of
June, 17711, three weeks and one day prey low.
to the Declaration of 'lndependence by the I
Continental Congress; and after remaining in
force as a part of the constitution for a period
of fifty--four years, was T c-adapted withovit al
teration, by the convention which framed the
new constitution in 1830, and then ratified by
the people as a part of the new constitution ;
and was again re-adopted by the convention
which amended the constitution in lffso, and
again ratified by the people as a part of the
amended constitution, and at this day remains
a portion of the fundamental law of Virginia—
proclaiming to the world and to posterity that
one of the reasons for separating from Groat
- Britain was •• the inhuman use of the royal
negative in refusing us [the colony of V`ir
ginial permission to exclude slavery from Ll`
by law "
The legislation of Virginia on thi• subject
may be taken as a fair sample of the
u
Li ve enactment- of each of the thirteen colonies
showing xonclusivel.y that slavery was regard
ed by them all as a domestic question to be reg
ulated and determined by each colony to suit
itself, without the intervention of the British
Parliament or " the inhuman use of the royal
negative." Each colony passed a series of en
actments, beginning at an early period of its
history and running down to the commence
ment of the revolution, either protecting, reg
ulating, or restraining African slavery within
its respectiN e limits and in accordance with
their wishes and supposed interest- North and
South Carolina, following the example of Vir
ginia, at first encouraged the introduction of
slaves, until the number increased beyond their
wants and necessities, when they attempted to
check and restrain the further growth of the
institution, by imposing a high rate of taxation
upon all slaves which should be brought into
those colonies; and finally, in 1151, South
Carolina passed a law imposing a penalty of
one hundred pounds (or five hundred dollar-)
for every negro slave subsequently introduced
Into that colony.
The colony of Georgia was originally found
ed on strict anti-slavery-principles, and rigidly
maintained this policy for a series of years.
until the inhabitants became convinced by ex
perience that, with their climate and produc
tions, slave labor, if not essential to their exis
tence, would prove beneficial and useful to
their material interests. Maryland and Dela
ware protected and regulated African slavery
as one of their domestic institutions. Penn
sylvania, under the advice of William Penn.
substituted fourteen years service and perpet
ual rulscript to the soil for hereditary slavery.
and attempted to legislate, not for the total
abolition of slavery, but for the sanctity of
marriage among slaves, and for their personal
security. New Jersey, New York, and Con
necticut, recognized African slavery as a do
mestic institntion lawfully existing within
their respective limits, and passed the requisite
laws for its control and regulation,
Abode Island provided by law that no slave
should serve more than ton years, at the end of
which time he was to be set free; and if the
master should refuse to let him go free, or sold
hint elsewhere for a longer period of service,
ho was subject to a penalty of forty pounds,
which was supposed at that period to be nearly
double the value of the slave.
Massachusetts imposed heavy taxes upon all
slaves brought into the colony, and provided,
in sonic instances, for sending the slaves back
to their native land; and finally prohibited the
introduction of any more slaves into the colony
under any circumstances.
When New Hampshire passed laws which
were designed to prevent the introduction of
any more slaves, the British cabinets issued the
following order to Gee. Wentworth ; "You
are not to give your assent to, or pass any law
imposing duties upon negroes imported into
New Hampshire.
While the legislation of the several colonies
exhibits dissimilarity of views, founded on a
diversity of interests, on the merits and policy
of slavery, it shows conclusively that they all
regarded it as a domestic qUestion affecting
their internal polity in respect to which they
were entitled to a full and exclusive power of
legislation in the several provincial legisla
tures. For few years immediately preceding
the American Revolution, the African slave
trade was encouraged and stimulated by the
British government and carried on with fliers
vigor by the English merchants than at any
other period in the history of the colonies;
and this fact, taken in connection with the
extraordinary claim asserted in the memorable
preamble to the act repealing the stamp duties,
%hat Parliament possessed the right to bind the
colonies in all cases whatsoever," not only in
respect to all matters.affecting the general wel
fare of the empire, but also in regard to the
domestic relations and internal polity of the
colonies produced a powerful impression upon
the minds of the colonists, and imparted pecu
liar prominence to the principle involved in
the controversy.
Bonne the enactments by the several colonial
legislatures calculated and designed to restrain
and prevent:the increase of slaves; and, on the
other hand, the orders issued by theerown in
structing the colonial governors not to sign or
ermit any legislative enactment projtidicial or
injurious to the African slave trade, unless such
obactreent: should; contain a clause suspending
its operation until the royal pleas should
be made known in the premises ; g r in other
words, until . the. ring .should have an oppor
tunity of annulling the act of the colonial-leg
islatures .by the "inhuman use of the royal
negative." . ;• . . .
Thus the policy of the colonies on the sleervy
qtiestion heed assumed a direct antagonism to
that of the British Government; and this an-
tagonism riot only added to the importance of
the principle'.of local self-government in the
colonies, but produced:- a general concurrence
of opinion and action in, respect to the ques
tion of slavery in the Proceedings of the Con
tinental Congress, which assembled at Phila
delphia for the first time on the sth of Septem
ber,
1774.
On the 14th of October, the Congress adopted
a bill of rights for the colonies, in the form of
a series of resolutions, in which, after conced
ing to the British government the power to
regulate commerce and do such other things as
affected the general welfare of the empire with
out interfering with the internal polity of the
colonies, they &clam'. That they are en
titled to a free and exclusive power in their sev
eral provincial legislatures, where their right
of representation can alone be preserved, in all
cases of taxation and internal polity." 'hiv
ing, thus defined the principle for which they
were contending, the Congress proceeded to
adopt the following pencefal measures," which
they still hoped would be sufficient to induce
compliance with their just and reasonable de
mands. These peaceful measures" consisted
of addresses to the King, to the Parliament, and
to this people of Great Britain, together with
an Association of Non-Intercourse to bo ob
served and maintained so long as their griev -
ances should remain unrodressed.
[TO BF: CONTINUED.]
p ITT ;: It (111. 'l' II EA Tu
Acivoi, AND STAnc )i.t.N SUER 11 WE.
nea riEll T. W. C. 1 1 1 1
WE.
1.01, open t.t quarter to 7 e'eltiet; con/meet.° nt half
pant 7, precisely.
THIS EVENING, September Sth, lie' iirent
Leduer
Story, at
GLENDOWER, OIL THE NORTH SEA. HOVER.
Mr. Howe in hie original glaiineLei of Julien.
Dancing, by little Signoraa Maria and MIIIVC Aubrey.
To conclude with liiii - drna entitled
THE YOUNG SCAMP-
I
To-morrow nig44 Mr. flows in his great cleotioter of
RICHARD 111.
rams OP ADWIPSION.—Private $5,011, Single Beat
in Private Box. gip); Parqueße and I iress Co,le, chairs ;
50 cents; Faintly LIPCIe, 25 cents; Colored (eatery 23 eta,:
Colored Boxes, 50 cents; tdallerx 25 cents.
APOLL() TUEATRE-
MEM
La.qt night Lut two of the
C0011.:R. ENCiLI'6H OPERA TROVVE.
THIS EVENINti, septeml..er Sth,wlll pe•rform‘,l
THE. BARBER OF SEVILLE.
~....._ A tint. , Ild nut
To-morrow, l Friday.) Farewell Benefit of )11:. A not
The 1111.kMATIC SEASON mill commenee 01/
day. September 12.
Analamos.—Drell. Circle, SU cent 4; Futmly
cents.
1.4.0ra epee at ilt.; tlertam ri4e. , at preot-wl
at H o'clock.
P. -OPENING
PROF. COIVpr,RS2
. . .
FASRIONAI3LE DANCING ACADEMY
Al NEVILLE
( - ,,rnri a Fourth and iAbOrt Str
PR(I ('OWPER, lf AVI N 1 IzErri•RNIU)
to the ettv,re,peet(ull) inform- the .•ti
burgh and Atleghony, that he M. hmeing
A''nd , lnY Al LI , Ab4.7t , 11;,11. SITU , 10 Y. September
3,1 .• IDA 1111cr.uLiwo , to 1,3,11 t h e :koromplo.lonout
car111,111,11,t1.•,14,,,,0thrr with .1,111,101,
In tho
d•II•111111.• of the halt room and -octal eatle,1:011,11x1 De
portment of Person, Le- All the lated find mo-I fa,ll
- Ball IG.nm And Parlor Panel , . A..t,11114111 l.y VIIM
In the FA•icrli .41.'1111. Le , C a lt.lit.l.ltl..
PUII,II !da - zoltrka qnsdrilles, I 43,m , vr
p,.n.,tt i>h ,vtadrille, 1.111,er
iv; NE k Lairl;,, t,m3drtlle+. PI litl, 1• , 1
man plAtx, E-merald.. \V 111,
Or 14entlrill Polka, riltmte Or re SIVio I
iworw, '3lllMA:tn. I , ,panolft And lthetmatt
down. I , olkm Mrvourk.likil , p , . l e, l,ll,.
l ace,
G robVirillienne Orel, dr.., kr 1 Cdl I. inticht 1(1
Irmo, •r11111a11(1 11 1,.
LADIES ( :1(4 , 14} , fr , nl 4
Ck P. 11.
Allr:Srs'— 'I hur,l3, and SAtnr,la
froth 3 it, M
17ENTLI 1 :MEN'S el.te-let—Ttltint.l.tytt uml , 4 tthtr.hty ,
fromti to ul. r ,
PRIVATE CI,AsS 1.•"1;
Prot Cowper trill a 1... give rit,trliete.tet 1 . 1 - I,tte
tlastse , t, itt 11,4n:elem. g:t en Kt tho fl1Stlel•CO ttapth,,
regthrea.
N. 11.—Prol.C. tan lie At the nit,ete 11.3.. m
.4 tuition. freth '2t.. C,alol 1.-C2 1. M Ow \II , - 1-
HOUSE, daily
JOHN H. IIfcCARTHW,
KILL POSTER,
Wlll nromd to the 1 , .. tr11.11tin4
BILLS, CIRCULARS, BARDS & PROGRDIMES
♦mu•ement'. Railroads, Steamboats,
Ship., Hotels, Salem, Etc.,
',tors sent to the thr Pitt, , him:ll
/1,!. or Dutiti tio:atc, %cal rec.•it'" prompt :.1,1111.n
F_ r
I; TItY SIT
Cl 4 PI!
ES ()N ill E A I
I.F.till ENT VALLEY ItAll,ltto %I. AT A l't lit 1:‘
tta TlAUlttiltAl AFTERSttt)N, Septettiher 'oh. en tl
retinue.. will he .old thirteen acre. of very tle.tral.
Nand in Plum township. this. ,Itie. of 111111011.tatetn, •
the Alletztieny Valley it:titre:el. ten mile. from the ea
The Rt.', 111,- , been zt,talivelett %lite hOll . trAcht
..I.nit list,V la,* a tillartel 3 v,... eaeln which. wills il,
I.o..ilillftlitllon , and fere.t .hide nee., are lowly 411
for country re.ttletecel. commanding Ftlperh root - .
11Ieghen)
.ranetvr Kell lot cAn he plentaul
totpplied with water front Si contented ha.on o f .
lof thirty thou.ratT Callum at the celebrat
ItLg tiprtutt. the elovatlon el wlttelt will Turns-h it e, v.•ye , l through small pip.• to the :entotul -troy II
\
IlWril Mg A 1-IPAM4I the ,d,-cent M. 111.1. )4 1.1 .1 M.
ertnottl. Jan - n.. 1141,11, John Fowler, F. to eel . . En'
and other., thl.: property tttlen rue ttnliieeineta ,
enotary lean,. 'l'l,.•rt,ht ..Ist,t) thr”. , o , th.•
hating been Knotted. in a -hart hale .everal a.blit In
a.•..nnunodation tram,. still lot p10e...1 on the r..tul I
will lea, tt the Allegheny Valle) tuolroaa depot at
o'cloel, en day of sale. Term, one tint,' e.t..ti . re,n
in one and two years with intere.t. Tale nub tiotht
I'. M ItAVI,, Anctietke
A Rci E SALE OF 1111ILDIN 6 Li ITS IN
FAST lillt!sllNGll.%Ni —on TUF.SI)%I AFTER
NOON, Sopternbor 12th, at 2 Unlncit, ou the
ail; ta• L o t" of Gn.alti.l the
,if Kaat Ititnunghain, fcnniing h.rtt.h.
rah. Harmony..l4 , aeph and Mea,l‘nr he :,14a,
an , Very deNlrlo4y ,onn,to,l for I.tnon , -. putpo-o,
1.1,11111,01150 ,at ea,oh Inal
the residence ..f C. Ea+ Terms- 0 11 0- f ,
Icti•nee In !ale and tl,n e year.. will hitt
payable animal!)
ELE T G AN HOUSEII 01.1) I , IIIN ITU RE
AT AUCTION.—on 'l't''lE' I :\S MultN Nti. Sep
tember 13th, at 10 o'doek, will be lat the
Na. ltd Third street, Park's Rocr—Eletrida llous,•hobl
Furniture, comprising SofaN, Hair Seat, un
Cane Seat Chaim. Walnut and Mahogany Ibiekers: Mar
ble-Top Centre Tables, btrgo pit ;rani° Mantle
prn,sels. Tapestry aqd Ingrain Carpets. Mateigiel>
Waingt H nnauz,TOthq and W..ric Table, Extom,,,,,
Dining Table, Mahogany and Walimi liodstcads,Spriu.
and IL& Mattrassea. Feather Beds, thl 171001-. S.-. \
a variety of Kitchen Furniture.
I'. M. DAVIS, And
PrET.E:LNI r ri3 I=I -M,
A full 4s,,ortnient Of rITTSBUIIIiII MAN UFACTU
ED FURNITURE, constantly on lumd, %cinch %cc n'
ap2Ody
LOCUST GROVE SEMINARY
THE NEXT ANNUAL SI , >;SIoN, of tw,
terms, five months each, will open on T1 1 E:ill:kV
THE 13TH OF SEPTEMBER. at '9 ecincl. A. M.
The Faculty of Teachers who tilled their situation
with such distinguished success during the past yea
continue their connection with the insomnia,
On aecrtnt, of the greatly increased medleys for tray(
afforded by the new Passenger Railway, a 111111U:11 no tithe
of Day Popils will he meowed from Pith.boreli 'lb
number id Boarding pupils is hunted to thirty. Earl
applications are desirable.'
eirrulars tiontalmng, general information, terms, Ai
may lin had at Davis' and Davison's. Booksellers, and
Eleber's and Mellor's, Music Dooler-r, or by A ddro...-oo
through Pittaborgli Postothee,
augl:ia:t,epal REV. tiEoRGE T. innE R. A. M.
-
e ,r
11°4
g),musetnents
PORTERS 111T.I.A.NP
P I'FFS Itti CI, PA
Auction pates
IMMEURIM=
BULGER & DAVITT,
Manufacturevs of crcry iption of
No. 45 Smithfield Street
PITTSQVRGII, PA
ell at the lowest times for Cash
FOR YOUNG LADIES,
Z,AWREN" E-CT
N A sTov F. woRK S.
ALEXANDER BRADLEY,
MANOPACTIIIMIL AND DEALER IN EVERS VAIUVY OT
Cooking, Parlor & Heating Stoves
PLAIN AND FANCY GRATA FRONTS, AC
Soh, Proprietor of Wu Colobruled
PATENT GAS BURNING AtiU P,M , Ec, INscm N
COOK STOVES.
Office and Sales Rooms
oc2lly2p ZVT.o 4 IVO, I Strut, Pi asburgh; Pc
S 1i E P H A HD
JOHN Is;
(Sueeeaaor to Hartwell!: Shephao
Druggist, Corner Wood and Sixth et
A:complete stock of DRUGS, MEDICINES„ PAINTS,
OILS and DYES, constantly on band.
COUNTRY MERCHANTS,
Will End it to their advantage to give us a cal
facturer of the colebrted
SOTICR OAPILLI
•
•
ilk.'
J. HARVY DAVIS RAIN PHILLIPS • JOSEPH N. DAVIS.
• ' '
DAVIS & PT -FILLIPS .
BRASS FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS ,
PS.UMBP.RS~
GAS AND STEAM FITT ERS,
DIANUFALTDRERS AND DEALERS IN
PLUMBING MATERIALS, GAS FIXTURES, PUMPS AND BRASS WORK,
OF EVERY DEscininluN.
Agents for Allen's Celebrated Steam and Water Guaiges,
MANUFACTORY NO. 110 WATER, AND 104 FRONT STS.,
PITTSBURGH, PENN'A.
IVareraonis, G 1 Wood street. Pittsburgh. and Federal street. Allegheny City.
aug:L6RO.,I
_ - -
TA itTN ERSH ll' lately ,übsist
iiini;:itYl'
the nameof COLEMAN. II AILMAN X CO.
Is disß o olved hy the retirement of William Coleman. E....1_,
he having disposed of his interest therein to FRANCIS
HARM and l
itre W. HAI LIMAN. The husine,s of
the late firrn will settled Ity their sin•eessors, HA IL-
M AN, RA JIM & CO.. who have :assumed the debts and
liabilinea of the late firm. \VM. COLEMAN. '.
EDWARD RA 11M. J. W. HAILMAN.
FRANCIS RAH M. ALLEN KRAMER., :
The undersigned have formed a I:Ay-Partnership tinder
the name of Hailman. Rahm A Co.. to continue the lane
-I.IOSS Mille Duquesne Works. They are amply prepared
to furnish Iron Nails, Steel. Steel Axles. Spring, and all
Goods in their line on liberal terms.
FRANCIS ILAIIM. .1 W. II Al I.M AN. ',
GEO. W. MAILMAN. ALLEN ERAM ER,
EDWARD RAHN!,
1 lake pleasure in reeommemhog to toy friend. and
the public generally, the.firni of II ‘ I LAI AN. ItAIIM A
CO., proprietors orate Inmo,,ne Works. who :ire ampl) •
prepared to exeoote :111 orders for goods in their Imo, ,
and solicit for them a continuance of the patronage !..
liberally granted to the late Min.
tin , :li?.‘i0 1 ) -if
, . WILLIAM COLEMAN. 1
FIRST PREMIUM AW A R DEI I BN"I'll F
STATE FAIR TO ~,, I
GRAFF Er. CO..
FOR THE REST -
.
Si a l c NT M - s•SA ty
For the hest Range for families, and hest Wood Cook
Stove. I spheral fur best. Laundry Stove. A 1 , ,, on hand,
a large assortment of Heating Moves, Phan and 1'...,v
Grate Front s, FMlllier,, Rat IM-1 Dog 11 , 3 n, , ' , ll2:tr E it
tie,, Tea Eettli.ot, Wagon !loxes, Hollow-War , . &y.
GRAFF At CO, N 0.245 Lil.yrty s.trovt,
frl At thu head of Wool ,trYet, '
The GroVer & Baker
AMERICAN IRON WORKS. I
• •
SEWING- MACHINE COMPANY
JONES & LAIITII, ,
Pittsnumti Agency', No. 107 Market St.
Manufacturer, of • ' '
0 I Having greatly inereakal their facilitiescor_mapufatm-.
IRON AND NA1L,00,,,, th•lr CaLIIIIATED FANZItt ACELFOS, Tita au trie recent
onprovou , nts have reduced their prices; and offer for
JUNIATA AND COMMON SHEET IRON, ,..11, A
With's Patent Shafting, Piston Roils, Plates At. NEW STYLE MACHINE.
Price, $5O--hemmer, $.5 Extra.
ivAßEnrarsKs,
1 it is no 'r ' ster questioned that these Machines are the
98 Water Street, and 132 Plrxt Street, • lest in use Inc at *ly sewing. They .•
PITtSBUIR. GII, HEM! 1:, GATHER AND STITCH
net and are the only machines'
And corner of Franklin and South \Vat, Si-„ Chl,-,agr,
IT the-market Kell
and simply made, that
inrritiv . t hey may be scut into families with no other instructions
- -- than al , .unstained in 111 eirtllPT which socompanies each
1 4 1.V . V.Nrq • e .. ......” niAchni... and from winds
D. B. I{OGERs & CHILI/ OF TEN YEARS
I
CO.,' May readily learn how to use, and
. keep thrall in order.
11.1NUNACTURElls OF 1 'Phi`,' mak.. upwards nf '• .
`,'•''' -",
HUNDRED STITCHES A MINUTE,
.. . ____
ROGERS' IMPROVED PATENT
STEEL CULTIVATOR TEETH,
Corner Ross and First Streetx,
CH ADW ICK N, SON,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
DEALERS IN PAPER AND RAGS,
And \ 4 , 10, fqr ,:L!••
Mahoninz Fire Brick and Pot ,
11.-wr k r' r tt Pri
',or ra
LOGAN & GREGG,
Importer. of
HARDWARE,I
No. 52 Wood Street,
Lhx,r+ 0..0
P
1.:11.• Low.A.ti, A. .1.1,, I.llCg
GEO. S. BRYAN & CO.,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
r 4.1: THE
PIG IRON, BLOOMS, &C..
No. 52 I% owl at.. Pittsburgh.
rrrnEvcr_- , .—1.v0r, Short. A C... 1`,;1-1.1i1,1‘. 1.1vir44
11tt-hur.7l/ . .11, E- i
r.ll/, C.1.,11,11.1ay , 141rg. I',
'fiIi:ENTERPRISE IN SU lINNCE CO
Oti ADELIPIIIA.
RES A(l.k INST DISS 0 1: DAM At;F:
I t.y Vinerun Meretetiolire. Furniture. Le.,
at rate. of prcuuum.
I -- M'Keri..if \Vol
Pror.ier, lie. M. \ t0...1. of .Itw.inki,
White Ben) T. Trioliiik, .1 Treoloin, Stoke.. h Co;
Hotiry Itartoio Nia.llt`e. I kVA. 41; liot, 11. Stewart,
of Stewart lir, 3.410 II Itrown. of Itrown
Co„. It ..I. Polito-14 , 1,0t . It. I Voline , to, li. e 1',.; 011.1 row
C0.h..1 I. Erroo,or.wet Erriiii.ter.
It ATI:II till , ST
NV C. iN
Ittrrioainnit . I Pointer
A 1.4 • T h" M • • AlleO
m . EIT , .y 0 M ,t
c o _ Iloinu A Co., 1., isia,ton.
Peron 0 , Woo S. lovely Co
S. BILY AN A. eO.. A g.. 111.,
No. iool
HT STATE AUTIIORITA
ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY
OF HARTFORD
IN4I)I;Pi)IiATED islIA RITA: PEIZ—
rrruAL.
Cash Capital, - - ,000,000.
Jffiy t, rl;r4. 514 411 , [4 . 11
pald over, $1?..t.10t... VrnportN 11,11 r, a
ItY ~‘I: THE INLAND
N v rute,itt,l rule, 1,0 Vt \ -enr,
lair 1511 , 6 t will rerllltt
A. A. CAILIZIEII MCI , .
W. 11. F.DIF., Surveyor.
y•'.11111 N'. c. 3 Funrth ,treet,Pitl,ll.ltlw,lt.
CANNEL COAL 'OIL.
Si ME OF E G 001) QV LITI ES )1 ,
Rained C.m..1 are these . -
IT RIVALS OAS LI G HT IN BEILLI AN(
IT I.' ENTIREL,Y NON-EN PLOSIVE;
IT MAY BR CARRIED A IP Wl':
IT IS CONVENIENT FOE (IENERA L PSE
IT BITENS WITHOUT ANY OFFENSIVE 01 , 0 E;
IT IS CLEAR AND BEAUTIFUL IN COLOE;
ITS A PREA E..ANCE IN THE LAMP IsoRN A MEN
TA L AND TTRA C'T VE :
IT DOES NOT PERIIA NEN TL So 11. C. 11: PETS.
cLoTHING. A., 0,, ,chieh IMO
11 beAttit thc best firlick.a+ am. eatr.iny
T IN EMPHATICALLY THE cHEA PENT 1.14 t 11 -
E NO IVA%
DIRECTIONS FOR ITS' USE.
Go ton responsible dealer and obtaiu a good eoal
Lamp. Secure lion triri.s, so that they will move readily
up and down in tho tube. Trim Me wk.!: with ,harp
•teissors, exactly even with the top of the wick-tube,
clipping MT the small projecting points at the corners.
your lamp with our OIL Turn up the wick carefully
at first. so as not to crack the chimney.
A Annie win greatly enhance its exee,'..mee far read.
mg or sewing by.
lty tine careful observance of thesodirections, you will
' ,cure it light that cannot fail In please.
Our facilities fur refining are n e w very perfect and
complete, atni liming devoted it great dos of laboriou.
attention to tine lr6 We have suceended m predueing an
:article of the very best quality, to which we nit in.. the
especial uttentiun of the trade. All orders will be filled
at the lowest rates.
For Bale by the barrel, or in CllllllltitiC . . to =air
mean, by ADAIR & VEEDER.
Refiners of Coal this,
No. 31 Penn's. Avenue, near High , treet,
jes-Wnitlaw mot fur from the Court Home.)
- - -
PITTSBURGH STEEL WORKS.
SAM' J 1Y1)... M'Cl'Lio.' 4 ;ll
JONES, BOYD & CO.,
CAST STEEL
Spring? Plow, um' A. U. Steel Spring..
CORNER ROSS AND FIRST STREE'ES,
PITTSBURO PA
A. A. CARRIER & BROTHER, AGENTS,
No. 63 Fourth Stieet.
C 0 M. MONW EA LT II INSU RA A NCE
com PAN Y, at Harrisburg. Pa. Cbarb•r,l
Vioo,ooo. Hon. SIMON CAMERON, Pre.q.b.ot.; S. S.
Carrier, SverMary. IiIRA RD FIRE AND MA RIN E
NCR COMPANY, Philadelphm
• 7s:l.7:i.florir 14 . ':EI A . IN .I ‘ i iNEß.Fies'ideot •• d. It. :V i . rw . 4li - Tgtissofetiertese. - MC Water on 8 top_
Secretary. QHAIZER CITY INIAITRANCE J'IO,IIPINY, ' 1 tb
h 1 P r e si de nt; a lp 11 et. Assets, pi 1.351.4.2.. I:Fit:till , . 11. Hain' „When pm purchase one paper.you should pre.
President; H. R. Coggshall, Secretary. i . 7 itiserve the vatmper, :11111 Is. l eirtieular to get the
sprklyd j fle.at.. exactly hi::: the first—bouid as above.
..
Full directions for malting Bread with tl t h.
' JBaleratus and Sour :NMI: or Cream Tarter, will
DIONONGAHEL.A. FOUNDRY. . c - : liteenniplUty tsw. h paidmge; also, direetions .rfir
"Mrskiug nll kinds of Pastry; also ; for rrutkut
ANDERSON Sz. PIIIILILIPS
;Soda Water sod Seidlitz Powders. ,
I
ASP,
, 1 PlAlir. woonowN goArl,
. ..
__- ,
TlEz z aiti;', TO CALL ATTENTION TO' ' ' 7 0
_Ly their several kinds of 7 ' Tr s
IR. T-1381381 PURE CONCENTRAT
lWnrranted douhl , the strength of ordirtaiy Po
'a enne,-.1. lb, f or b,3 albs., 610 s. and • '''
' 6 03-blnr-!%;•llVitifulidirecticins making liird - and. 6 8
!soft:Soap. Consumers will find this th* Obeap- 1 . ..
l ost p0ta5h.m.k.......,.... ~..,_
Ar ) Manufactured and for sale bi t, • .-::
, .7. ,- l'oA. 68 and It Viasidngton at., Nekt., ABBITT- 't,:, 4. '
7 Obykklydinr and No. M India st,„ Boston. 1/..-u
HOT AIR FURNACES,
SUITABLE FOR clluncriEs, PUBLIC scuouLs,
AND PRIVATE HOUSES. Ellecially :t.lapte , i to
PITTSI3T.TI4,aI-1 COAL,
Air AN ILL& cLorrit PAPEII.-,-.A.6uperior Q L ATES:—A largo lot for gale:Wholes:do
AIL article, large size And extra heavy,___ 1,7 or Wail, by J. /3, WELIAN_
ON 66 Woodlotroot, gal 63 Wood atroei now FWD
_
And not liable to anus wmu BOOT.
SEWING MACHINES.
I:EA LITV,
AND CAPACITY. TO
NO OTHER MACHINE CAN COM
Nevi' . _And l[riiprovOli - Machines,
Pirl'EEN
nd milt do the sewing, of a family cheaper than a seam
res. can do it, even tf site works at the rate of • '
ONE CENT AN 110 bill.
Is Mete n littsbind, father, or brother in the United
hitcs. ales a ill perunt the drudgery of hand sewing in
i. booth. when a Grover k Baker Machine will do it
et ter. 1110I,g•cpsIttiously, and cheaper than can possi
ly Is• done coo l.
Are- I fin r Oradar.
The cast pl. , piltAie estimation is now justly ac
0r.1...1 to Use Grover 4. &bier Machine, for family sew
att. 6-r the G,llnaiog reasousi-,lst. It is more simple
mi e a-d•; ii, is in order than any other Machine. Dl.
In .1., --ant whi el, will not rip or r.avel,though every
I eh-cut. Dl. it sews from two ordinary spools,
0,-1 bo. all trouble of winding thread is avoided, while
11.• -.1,..• maelonc tairbe :slabied at pleasure, by a mere
Is• ..t s .1.. to : iii raric•ties of stork. 4th. The same
e• I A.• o - silk, lino. thread. eoinmon spool cotton,
healoy. c.th. 'Elie seam Is a. chaotic us the
eiashe f,hne. so that it is free trom all liability.to
hreal: it. washinc. trot tie, or otherwise- 6th. The stitch
I.• by tbi. maelitto• is more beautiful than any other,
tmele either by haul or machine.
lONS OF THE PRESS:
'lite best pttent now in use.—{Easton Whig.
Stand , high In the estimation ofall--TErieConstittrtfon.
Is ~:dl that it is recommended—{Lana Democrat.
It hie no supertor—LAshtabula Telegraph.
.k hoteedlohl neeesslty— . -11 - tatavut Herald.
:rover .4 itaki-r's is unrivalled—lTtockport:Advertiser•
ee is the wants of the honsewife--lAttburn Ch. Ativo.
A neee.sity in the family—t Southern Inventor.
The ,•le•apest and best in use—(Baldwinsville Gazette.
They aro the I.e.t in not--(Waterford Sentinel.
Th. best mantifJetureti-415tt-ston Journal.
\Verde, ..f pol.he patroriag. , --blersey Shore Repub.
t ;rot er a Baker have the best improvements-IHunt.
Not to ,et oat of oriler—{ , Westchester Jeff.
tiost cnncenient in uae--it.,hicago Newn Letter.
noire iolvantages than any other--{Nash.
o:izette.
SI article. 3 are Mule with it with ease-4i HaaartreGa.z.
I .I.!ittell, the labor of thi,,e borne -Ploughman.
A of ten year's old may One it.-{Farmer and Via
ino,t sewing,--iAllentown Dem.
Sew+ silk, linen. or ia dl un threiol—Pitts. Advocate.
Is kre duple than any other--{C eveland Reporter.
rilerits n pl,t in every family-{Abingdon Democrat.
Sew,. a yard a nthinte—tclivveland Lender.
'Die 14..111111 , V for families—[Biblical Recorder.
It makeß a fine, strong ~ea Laporte Union.
NATHAN WHITING, Agent,
No. 107 Market street.
I=l
*aquiVe - Chines.
S 353 .S
N POINT OF
DIT RAM LITY,
PERFECTION Oi',WORR
PERFORM EVERY
VARIETY OF SEWING;
PARE WITH SINGER'S
AT U REATLY REDUCED PRICES, AT
S 712 A IF'S 32 Market street.
grearL 3 ,
SANFORD'S
LIVER INVIGORATOR
NEVER. DEBILITATES.
IT I. c oat po if Ildird rat ire I y trona (.ants, and
1,,,t...,,que.‘” esta LI dhed (het, ft elandaniMcdtclue, known
~•I ~pp .. , t ey all ;nut hare used th and La now re
,, I .... ith ,u - didence in! mai l all the diseases for which It
„„,,,
„„.„,„,,,
11 11, 4 ede,t tnon3andsl TS within th e ha two years
' a
1... k ~! ~, 4,1 II p AO bOile,• Oa - relief. as the 1:55115151 -
1.,, Li1.,:,ie,1-111t,111,1n ILISi Z. ii ....."4/6101,11/1 1 0% ,
. 111, .1.,.- not A I...:wlApti , l ra in the temperament of the
t,fc , Le,:
tuft ', h. am' es- t , ed 111 mach et:maddest MS to
“n no• lt.nvels. i
i ..: the iti.l.ars or }our! unchen , ent raids you In th e
o. , ,t a„- 1.11." Elf lai - 1
ai . ! I VIGOILATOR, audit
Liver Com- iai !plints, Bilious At -
te c I", l)y*tie pal a,
411 1 1, !Chenille Diarrhoea,
i
Su in tit Cr Com ..I Illlll3plalnts, Dysente-
NT. 104 r, Soltri StoCh,Hßbitliai
CoAll V rile 44, Chol-! le, Cholera, Chafe
fa :110 Ili ifi, Chola. nil !liifaiitum. Plata..
le eve, Jo II I% il Ice
c•, .111.1 InAJ 1.4, 11..,i SM.; ,ressfully as 15 Ordina
ryFafolly died"! Iret !eine. It will cure SICK
lIEhLiA L• Li E. ( ‘ ‘,l I thotmandA can testify.) In
I,vea , i y minute , . 1 r i , !two or three Tea
- 'tooth ll l% til, tollrib at commencement of
....c.i,
f, i *alio 114, It are a giving their tesunaony
MIX IV ATEII. 1N THE MOUTH WITH
'l'll E IN VIGO It ATOII, AND SWALLOW
BOTH TOtiETHEIL.
Price One Dollar per Bottle.
SANFORD'S
CATHARTIC PILLS
l'Or DED FROM
- -
tracts, and put tap In
Tight, and will keep
l'ttre Vegetable E
ta.A SS CASES, AI
lls it.) . eII Lnate.
Th.. Fa 11511)' Ca- ... s . thartlOPlLL ha gen
tte I.IIL omit,. Catholic uA which the proprietor has
t 1 ••• i to to , prattiee tare Ithan twenty years.
411.,...,..t1ts awntaanw rn d , r . .nd frOca those who
I.A. el tutt. L.I ;let PIT.I. at aa :old the estisfacUou which
o 1 1•••.,..-..... to r.. twd t , . their I's ttse, has Luduced me to place
th.•,11 w ithin 0/ore:who( all. 114 • . '
I h.. Prolosnion a ell know that dblerent ealharcint 10t
~.. dat.t,rn 1.,ti0n..4 of the IPS ,bow_es
the 1:A:1'11.Y C.l- TYIA.II.TIC PILL
1,1, „hl, du , rettnuwo to this well established fact,
la.en ....mauled...l Wont a. n variety of the purest Vega.
tAtle Et.rtets, whirl, OP( ._.....' alike en every part of the
alimentry coltol. and. are 1.11 good and an In all eas
e, where o CaltsrUc is Ei needed, such as De
rangement aof the Stoma ne It, Sleepl
a-6%, Pains In (lie Bark and 1.011,1,
I'll4llVl`lll , la. P RV. rand Soreness over
I lie It-I%llle body, • from sudden cold, which
fre.itototly if ue4leetel, • ...ad In a long course of Fe
ver, T a tosa 01' A `pp
tt- lite, a Creeping sell:
...Allot , 4,f Col d over, .... the body, Restless•
ors+. Ileadaeltr , owl ei ',weight in thebess
or.r, head,
all I ttillt 111111 ft tort' , 4 1)1a,-nses„ Worms In
("It 'hirers or Acitsita.llthrumatlana, a great
Purl tier .tf the IT b oll i iii, Arid many diseases to which
P....h 1. hole, t.... tonneronsi SwF to mention in this advertise
i... llose• I to 1.
i.rticr till t'ENTS.
Tb,r EIN - er lovi ; - . !,111 . nail Family Ca-'
t Ito et le I'll la are nu. ~..1 to. Druggists generally, and
rail.. I tt t01e.,.,t,. by the 1 role It nil the large woos.
I ' S. T. IV.S A !t; IVOltli, 111. 13,,, AP
)11.1.01.7E11r, and Proprietor,
335 0 rand so ny, 0:4- ‘r 11 . ork
G. H. KEYSER, Agent, No. 140, corner Wood street
1 sn.l Virsi_u_alley:___
- iy9t.lydaW
—_
To_____.
To Housekeepers.
Si )my,TLI.IN(i NEW.—B.. T. BABBITT'S
P.E.ST lill.ililClNAl, SNLERAIII.9,
6 o 'ls maiaufaetored from eirlllllloll salt, and is pr a
01pared I.tairely different from other Saleratus- t , c
!MI the 'deleterious matter. extracted in liteh
!mariner as to produce 'Bread. • Biscuit, 'end all
'N' . kinds or Cake, without containing a particle o A 2,-
Is:derail's when the bread or cake is letk ed; ther
by producing wholesome results Every yarti
7 OA, of Saler.this is turned to gas, and passes?
through the bread or biscuit while baking; con
\
sequently nothing remains but commbe Salt,
Wider :mil Flour. Yon will readily perceive by
kn the taste of this Salaratus that it is entirely dit- f
0 oilerent from other iiialeratus.
It is packed in one pound papers, each irra
per brande.d.. It. T. Babbitts Bost gedieinal
ANl,,ts •
iler-alue." also. picture, twisted loaf . of bread,
THE PERUVIAN SYRUP,
Protected Solution of Protoalde
of Iron Combined,
HAS SUCCESSFULLY PASSED THE
ordeal to which new discoveriea in the Materia
I,tibjeeteti. and 11111,t now be received as an
medicine. Its efficacy in Curing
Medicq nr
e tatil: he,
DYSPEPSIA,
Affections of the Liver, Dropsia, Neuralgia. Bran.
chitis and
,Consumptive Tendencies, Disor
dered State of the Blood, Boils, Scurvy,
and the prostrating effects of Lead,
or mercury, General Debility,
and all diseaies which re.
quires tonic and altera
tive Medicine is be
yond question. _
Theproof of its eflicacyare so mitnerona,se well =then
ticated, ttitdef suchapeculiar chars
acter,lhat'autferers cannot reasor
ably hesitate to receive the profit
ed aid.
The Penviiau Sy r updoes notya
fessrto be a cure -nil, but its range
ex.ten-sive, because many dise,ast
apparently unlike, ore intimate
.rciated. and, ppieeeding from or
cauffe, may be eared by one rem,
dy. The class of diseases for whi
the Syrup provides a cure, is pr.
so often baffled the highest order
The facts are tangible, the witnessesaccessible, find the
safety an d e fficacy of-the Syrup incontrovertible.
pates—Largo bottles, $2, or six for rit.; small bottles,
$l, or six for $5. . -
laving confidence in the efficacy of the t.-.Pitat, - vuoic
Srace,7, as a medicinal agent, no rec o m men d to onr
brethrOn in the ministry, the careful reading of this
pamphlet.
Rev. John Pierpon L,
` I Thos. Whittemore.
James 13. Miles,
" S. H:Eidslel,l
Jot. H. Clinch
Sold by
DR. GEO. H. KEYSER,
augG•l3, dk
MORE TO BE ADMIRED
RICHEST DIA
Ever Worn by Kings or Emperors.
WHAT? A BEAUTIFUL HEAD OF HAIR!
THE ARTICLE THAT WILL NAI'U
RALLY restore the color of the hair, the changing
of which to gray; being an indication of a lack of proper
secretions, is truly a valuable medicine. -Prof. Wood's
liAtrt TOXIC is the only safe remedy fur baldness, dry
ness.' premature change of color. and the severa l: evi
dences of a lack of secretions :it the roots of the hair.
which can be found.- ~Hoick preParations•abound, and
" hair tonics " fill every Conner grocery in the country.
Avoid all - hair tonics" unless known to be the prep
ration of some man whose celebrity tins become world
wide. Do not let any nostrum vender e[Jletiment Upon
your hair. Touch n.a lanv, you have not a good reason
Ito believe is all that if tairfmrb. to Is, Prof Woods has
earned by years of severe test of the 5 irtues of Ilia pre
paration. his present fame firer 15oecrtiticates are be
fore us of the value of this Liair Restbmtive, from par
ties who have tried it. Read the following: . -
..
New Yore, April 19, ises.—ric Weep—Dow Sir.—Per
mit me to express to you the obligation, I am under for
the entire restoration of my Heir to its original color.
About the time of my
,arrivel in the the United States it
was rapidly beeoniing clay, but upon the application of
your Hair - Restorative it soon recovered its original line.
1 consider your Restorative as a very wonderful inven
tion. quite eilicavi4ais as well as agreeable.
I am, dear sir. yours truly, S. THALBERG.
Prepared by ti. J. Wren A co, In Market st., St. Louis,
and 312 Broadway. Ti. Y. and sold by all druccists and
patent medicine dealers; also, by all tansy and toilet deal
ers in the United States and Canada.
Sold by Dr. GEO. H. KEYSER. No. 140 Worl street,
and R. L. FAIINESTOCK r.CO., No. tiO, corner Wood
and Fourth streets, and by all ;rood Drugl.s,l,
selb3mdaw
Health and Happiness Secured.
THE CONCENTRATED CURE,
THE CONCENTRATED CURE,
A POWERFUL REMEDY
A POWERFUL REMEDY
FOR W A.KNESS,
FOR INEARNESS,
FOR EARLY INDISCRETION,
FOR. EARLY INDISCRETION,
TRY,IT! TRY . IT!
TRY IT! TRY IT!
VOTING MEN WHO A ItE• SUFFERING
from theeitects of yritithfol indiseretion,lllll be
surely and permanently restored Ly ming the
CONCENTRATED CURE
A f2Z„ T_T A 77 I 'l' AE,
Atteniedy of Great and Certain Power.
This remedy is put np in'sinall viol*, :Ohl 'Can be sent
by mail to any address.. _I trial will satisfy. Use it`for -
a week. and yon will etiperientio a great benefit. -A cir
cular containing full particulars, semi ,{free) on apphca- /
tion. Price per bottle $l.OO. '
(Inc bottle will lad, a month. ' ' ..„
N. 11.—This' remedy is suitable fir either hex. Ad
dress It. CRI if; ER, -Medical Agent.
_jy2li.'w 742 Broadway. ,New Y_ork.
—_
SUFFER NOT.-111-iS. ( it) LDSMITIT &
co., No. 42 Sixth .tenet. Pitteburgh.'Penn'a. still
tontines to bo consulted °nail iliseasecof ar 'OVATE
or DELICATE NATURE. From a long course of
and practical experience of unlimited extent, Drs. O. A
Ciii have the gratification of presenting the unfortunate
with remedies that have never failed to cure the 0100
alarming case of Gonorrhea and Syphilis; 7 , lleneath his
treatment,till the horrors of Venereal and Iritpure Blood.
Scrofula, Ulcers, Pain and Distress, or Intiarnmation - 04
the Bladder and Kidneys, Abscesi-es, Hurnora, Fright fu;
Swellings. and the long train of horrible symptoms at
tending this class of diselutes, are made id 'become as
harmless as the simplest ailings of a child_..
SEMINAL V; EAK N kI•SS--lirs. G. .A Co: OViafes much
of their attention to the treatment of those rates caused
by . a secret and solitary habit- which rains iltd body and
mind.nnfitting the unfortunate individual for eitheilinsi 7 =- , ...
ness or society. Some of this sad and rnel.ineb olv effects
produced by these early habits of youth are-tWieikness -
of the back and limbs, Palpitation of the lidgigt, Dyspep
sia, Nervousness.. derangement of the Digestive func
tions, symptoms of Consunitaion, etc. oleo 4.11 e fearful
effects on the mind are mite), tots, dretutud r viz t Loss '
ormeuiory. confusion of ideas..lopreSsvon•Of spirits,
evil forettodings,aversion to sociely..,ff-di,trust, turnidi=
ty, etc., pre among the evils pa - shire& Such persons.
before contemplating marriage, should eonsnit a physi
cian of skill and experience, and be at onee restored to
health and happiness. Ague teal Fever curedond war
ranted. All letters containing a fee. addre-ised to-Drs.
GOLDSMITH & CO- Pittsburgh. Mali.. will meet with
pronipt attention, and medicines forwarded, ,tiecnre from
obeervation, and a stirs guaranteed. ThO'strietost so
cresy
observed in all cases.
te.. Don't forget-the place, No: 42 Sixth street, Pitts
burgh.
Pa . apl9:lyda w
__ .
.... _
EYE AND EAR
DISPENSARY.
Office 95 ..Ifain street, ('Il door, upstatrd,)Buffato, N. F.
VSTABLISELED BY THE CiELEBRA
-121 TED DR. JOHNSON. late of London. England.
A great discovery in the science of: medicines. being
a certain and speedy cure for restoring the , sittlit mid
removing all diseases pectiliar to the eye. - This is uni
versally acknowledged the milt safe and stir(' remedy
now known- tt ha. , been used itith great success by the
most skillful physicians in Europe and America.
patients to any part of the country can' treat them
selves successflilly -nt a moderate expense, thereby
avoiding the danger and expense of falling into the
It-adds of unskillfiil physicians. This me dieihe (sufficient
t o cure,) will be sent by mail or express, with all neces
sary directions, on reeetpt of Ten 'Dollars.. _
Dr. Johnson's Certain and Infallible Chire for Daifness and
Singing Noise. i n the Pert. :Yereortr And
and .31bul annplaints, ~
Affording instant relief to sufferers who ltave_been trou
bled with deafness for many years. Alle_r using this ,
remedy a few days the patient N suddenly and almost
miraculously enabled to hear ordinary toned conversa
tion; in the course of a few weeks the-. 1 11 9, 4" Pbstipate
case of deafness is ettecinfillv cured. ' '',---.
Patients ton numerous to mention have heerrrestored
to perfect hearing, and forever resened from the snares
of the numerous-ilangerons unqualified pretender. of
tho - Oresunt day: .flospitatied priralettTtimonitits and
certificates from the must eminent physicians and-sur
geons in England, in whose presence deaf persons have
beeneured,and twiny hundreds ofprivate patients cured
can be seen or referred - to. A, case of this medicine,
(enough to effect a sore,) will be forwarded to any part
of the country for FII DRJOIN SC A N dd , [Drawer 404.
Office. 95 Alain EL :Buffalo, N. Y.
je27:lyrdaw
BIRMINGHAM
COMIIIERCI*IL COLLEGE,
ACA-DENY,
College Diamond
_Bleir4lugPans
TERMS; CASH ON ENTRANCE.
For Ornanent.ll Writing
.9 . ol.Tiral; palittuted
plain ' ti )
Writingond pook.-heep n
N.BitAFFEß,i'roh,sorof Writirigandlik-Rce ping -
LEITHIIVD, d"refeasor of Penrriatishp,
-- C. Y. WELLS:Prorcesor of .13cedf-dilCitipingdmit Coin
merciarealctlationik
BENT, w„ B, p 0 1,T014, Let!tnrer hna Gen.
1:;114.1/311bjeefff.";
RON. R. P. FLENNIKEN, Ex.-U. S. Minister to Pen
h:Lark, a. member 'of the Pitnburgh -Ilan , . Lecturer en
pROF.I.I.F.S.A.TON, Lecturer on Elocution.
-may Call tindact , tthat has never been before attempi..ii by
penmen,: namelT Specimens rit ,Cirttatnentat and
Prshticidj'erananship <a:n=4,U .in.;ticisr.prasesee, in the
ishnrl i s t =at frOm ta seconds upwards,
o
cling at $1,50 per week. Birmingham Ferry
rree'foritudents. Entronce Mang time. For apecuriens-.
tirothhandlausitiesS Writing, postve sumps,
Aindaddrees
G. EL LEITIIE.A.D, Principal
-'l3/34dava Pokibur&h. Pa.
Rev. Martin Moore,
Thos. Star King,
Briggs,
.4ylinilus Cobb,
Edward Edtnunds
140 Wood odi•eal.
EIRE