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' . ‘l* .f t 4:1 ...:.,-:,,,--'- .',.:',_•,-.. .;- -ii';'4-"': , : , ,•• ''.• ;7. :•:"..:,-, , . 1 . , , - -L' :, ...- .".• y .. ' :.,:;.-: f.. •:',,•,- •-•-' --141-‘l--,-, Ts ••• ` , .3 •-`' " 3 -' -, - .:--r. . ,• ~ 4". .- . , -', 1 -•• ~ - 1 -.. ',...". 4. ; •••',:-t;':', - . a , . 4 ''. 1 <.. al; • " ~.. E l i '. ‘;',.''4 ":::...','-,."-',' 4'- •-•- ‘,l • c,A='.l . .. ~'••... , ?... 'f -‘; ; =-- '''=*-• ' ` • ' • - ;.d••..k..1" 1...., --,",:,-..•-•- ~".1. =4--;•• - A.,. ,- , - ,:•,.. ,:.•:','."4-,:•':,.-.S"•-,-.!'' '.::' ''. - "=',.• '- ' . A."•: ' : - •: ', '•'-: '.1,-:-....--;' = T`,.. . {tog.. *I -.' *..;:%: 'v''',; ''..,*;•••-':;- •*'-rtj't.;,;;:P.:7:; ~.4, .*".***' ::' ''...: I 'l '-'1" !**7 T ,- -‘;.• :- ::. . -` ** :="*' 'l'. "C'f)...". : 1 - .- ; .---:•,:t.-.:‘,:_j'i -1.7',' '..,"`:-.-. ',=-f, 1••: . !_, ;. .,: - .;; - ,'::,, ' ,7 .--'2'-'*:,...1_7- '-il:: . .. . ~ 'T - '7 ,-. ?...!, --, : -. il',- :.'';':',''';,-1:;`;',.'f:.:..-.. 4. , 4 4........fd.5vt ; . ..... - , , ..::;";- - 1 ,- -, , r• 4 ',::k . '..?';': - .. - ',...,"i - - :.•...v_ . -- -1-:(;:'.-In.7.,...,,:,r,, ESE - t .* . . MEI t. -. N - $ : ' - NEE =NM ..2• 4 _ ?,, .* JEN ORME e, --..c';:f.1.',.. ,?,!5",,,.. "To establish peist °Ulcer; and post roads:" "'re constitute tribithills inferior to -the supreme . •-•"' I *re declare wee 'etc.; "To provide and maintain a navy.", • • . This list might be extended EiSiris to embrace all the powers conferred on Congress by the constitutimi ; but enetigh has been cited to test the principle. Will it be contended that Con gress con delegate any one of these powers to a territorial legislature or to any tribunal what ever'.! Can Congress delegate to Kansas the t p h , i s e we p r o t w o e , r s r , e , g u t , ll ,, a .s t t e a c h o i inslitiuuenrtiserL'nc,sr truoleNebraska uralization," or to Illinois the power " to coin money and regulate the value thereof," or to Virginia the Power "to establish post-offices and pest-reads." The mere statement of the question carries with it the emphatic answer, that Congress Cannot delegate tiny power which it does ties sess; hut Stint every power conferred on Con gress by the constitution must be exercised by i iiiigri•ss i - the mariner prescribed in that in strument, On the other hand, there are cases in which Congress may establish tribunals and local gov ernments, and invest them with powers which Congress does not possess and cannot exercise under the constitution. For instance, Congress may establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and confer upon them the power to hear and determine cases. and render judg teems affecting the life, liberty and property of the citizen, without itself having the power to Ismtr and determine . such causes, render judgments, or revise or annul the suite. In like maninir Congress may' institute govern ments for the territories, composed - of an exec utive, judicial and legislative department; and may confer upon the . floyernor all the execu tive-Powers and functitsas:of the territory, without having the right to exercise any one of those powers or functions itself. Congress may confer upon the judicial de partment all the judicial powers and functions of the Territory, without having the right to hear and determine a cause, or render a jade . smut, or to revise or annul any decision made by the Courts so established by Congress. Congress may also eonfer upon the legislative department of the Territory certain legislative piswers which it cannot itself exercise, and only sneh as Congress cannot exercise under the Constitution. The powers which Congress mar thus confer but cannot exercise, are such as relate to the domestic affairs and internal polity of the l'i•rritory, and do not affect the general nest of the Republic. This dividing lime ~kt I _WeLa, tied, , rlllllllLl local authoritv was familiar to the framers of the Constitution. It is clearly defined and dis tinctly marked ••ii every page of history which records the great ,scents of that i m mortal struggle leitiveen the American colonies and the British government, which resulted its this establishment of our mahout! independence. In the beginning of that struggle, the felonies neither contemplated nor dared Independ ence. in all their addresses to the Crown, and Ito the Parliament, and to tee people of Great ' Britain, its well as to the people of America, they a verred that as loyal British subjects, they - In me 01 , ,,, ,, ,, I , I I 11 , Fl3Vory 3,,itatiOni Win nod 1,3. • 1i,,:.,1 a .•;--,- •ii:lil 11, , been resetted stid passed. • 1 ,leplt•irett triti causes which impolled subjects, sep lisose in. stisi svain ,i itself ,smitot stand.' I I,neve t [J, I aration rr,..r“ aret. country. They were ~,eroseent •,1“1“I 1•111.111 re peritrawntly half she e awl h.. 1 ire.. 1 .to not expect the ISMINO 5. fan. but Ido ex i strongly and atleistionately attached to the ~.. s 0 wilt ...se , to is, dided. ii win nisi-i•me 1,11 on,. , Constituti ,, n, civil and political institutions, twee ..,• aii 0,.. "user. Ilither the opp,tiaints el slaiery and jurisprudence of Greet Britain, which null arrest the tartest • ;io-ail ef it, mud place it "'lit . '" t h • • prosily i claimed its the birth-right of all it., pal ;c mind slisii r-i to the I.,lief that it is in if, I ...' t ....r-t• .4 ttlttt,ttt• t•xtttit.tittli , or it: titivtwatt , IA dl ittt • ; EntZli.ihtpen, 1/111.1 dashe d its transmit. them On - i'''''''`i tine ''''"lll"'"'''""' ' 1 ' 1 " hitliii iii i' i hi . si= o - ., ' impaired as a precious legacy to their postA.ri -aid as aeli ,1. , ilea. :.,,,11,,, , well as t'eutli." I Iv. For a long series of years they rmnn- The,s. it v,ii! i„• ..5.,11, that under the o amipie, I L .", i raknn against tin' violation Of their inaliena a a l'lliti‘'.ll'`,L:,• "dish 'l.in.s• ~ ver'i'v'llY : Lie right, of selfv, ~,yrisinent under the Bri ii, c•os,7res over the stilsjeet .•1' slavery, these' , tom t'oll,,titUli,ln anti 11111111 , 1 y netitioned for can 11, In , ;.•:1 ,. . , 051 lb h .! ~ Vrry glee —w tes 1 , e • redriss of tMir s•rievsineck. ' Ills,. in lineseslsnal strife-no fraternity Is- They iwkiesu 'edged and aftirmed their all,- ',.'":'" :\'''''" i "'' l '''';''',°'' '''' ,1"..`4 I i " t',l"; I :'ranee , to th, crown. their affection for the t 11,11 rcinalii, a , our ",.a111 , .r , nriiie it- '., 6 "'" I people. :mil their dot "lion to the constitution lat .) l'l - and 'l"`'' :..:4"l's• with 11 "' '' - "l ''" • .if Great Britain: and their only complaint 'l' I"sir's "; ""'''" 1 " ''"‘i'. ' - '"s''''' ''''' i ''"'-' . ." s '" : ~ , nll that tle.y were not permitted to enjoy the choose,. ,11,,i t• , n11, , h-li it Whnt,,,,T it pleas rights and privileges of self-government , in stn the "titer hand it wi odd be untainhil to , this ,„„„„„,..,., 0 ,4 of their internal atTuirs and deny that, tt bile the Democratic party is a unit i .liones , tie concerns, in accordance with the in its irr,coneilalid , upp,tioti to the disitrin.-s „ uarantie , of that constitution and of the cola- iltel primip of the Fo l aililietin IlartY• 4l " . r' . I end charters granted by the crown in pursu are riativai 11111 . ..1 . 4•11 ,, , 1.1 . T i n i.,11 in respect to i „ nee of it. Thee 0 11110,1 ed the right of the the power, :old ,Inin- of I 'ongress• and tit , 1 imperial government to make all laws and per- i rights :mil immunities of I.l' people °f Is t. "' i form all acts c oncerning the colonies, which t e rritori,•, under the l'isleral Constitution. , were in their nature i Iv,- rill( and not rotunial which seriously di-turli its harmony, alai ' i which atrected the general welfare of the threaten it.: 11,1,grIty. The, ditroron,•., ••fl „,„,, i ,„, and did not interfere with this -inter opinion :iris: , from the different interprctatioli'• sal i „,l' i t r - o f the c olonies They recognized I placed on. the (..,institution }n.persons wit'' i the right of the imperial government to de- belong. to ono of the follow i fig chLsSeS , , elm, war and make peace: to eoip money and Fires-" Those Who I,,•lit•Vt• that. the Constitm ' determine its value; to Make Creakier; and - con dos of the 1 . nited States neither esthbli' 4 " . ' , duct ititereour , • with foreign nations: to reg - our prohibits shit ere in the Slates or terrilor - , „ 1 „,„ ~„‘„,„.„..,„, i „,„,. ‘ „,„ i i„, ~,,,e at „„ I „ n i,, itts beyond the ! so,. rIII" OW people 1, T". 11 Y '" :and b e tw.•••,,,,wl , eoi, my and the parent coon- '! control it, but •'1,..,, es the peopl.• thereof per sr\ , aml ‘..itli fore,g,, ,aunties; and in gene feetiv free to biriii and regulat" tht'if ll""” - ''' r.,1 . 1 11, , v reeogniA the right of the imperial institution , in their owe way, subject only t0' „,,„.„„,,,,, „f ( "1 .„ Rtita ,,, i. „ e‘ „ tei ,,„ all the Constitution of the I . nittsl States. iiiii power- and atithorilV whieh, under our ;•;,.,-ess,i-Th.. , r who b01t,,, thA th, ConF•ti--1 , rti., , , • l'eue eon , titolion. arc delegated by the pen. t u tlon es .t a bilishei: sl 3Vcr:. in 111 , . territoi 1.- . awl , 5 . 1 inn to. t,1, , ~,, r al Stitt, to the government of withhold , from Congi•tiss mid ti,' territorial the liflits , l 5 , tat ,,. . in•rinialtlro the 1 ,,,,,, , ,, t„ control i t: „,,,1 who lt,eisigni - iin , and conceding to the imperial insist 'lett, in the ev , mt the territorial legisla 1 ~.; , ,ri s rano•iit all mesa isswersnrcheilmj the lure fail- t•• mad th•• riiiii-ite law, fib- its pro : ..,„ h ”„ ihet„,,,,,,,,ere„,„,„„ e „, the „. 4 „ hit ., , teetiou. it 1 r 01•41111,`• OP. ill I iu•ntlivi..lsity of by granting etitirters under which the inhale t'osigres- to interp , - , tts authority :in , l turns-I, tants residing withlit the limits of any srseci such protection. I tied territory n ig ht 11, ~rzanizoil into a polit 'fiord-1110-, wit, While 1 - 1, 5 - lit."-'.'-o"`4 t„' Mal cononunit v. with :t government eonsAsting believe that th,•C,eistitsiti , e , establishes slavery i 4.f its :11111rOprilit0 11.spartnient , .. executive., leg ill the territories beyond the power of Coo i ,d,,ti e ss, and judicial, conceding all these ge ,s,,r the b.rriterial legislature. to control it. , 1 14/Wor, OW colonies emphatically denied that at Ow same time protest tigaiii., , L the duty ii , i . ' Lae imperial US 4,lse rt. uteu I had any rightful nti- C01t ,, r,, ,,, Cu iiiterlery t,or it- I ,r,ltecti, , n, but in- , , tin-may to impose taNes upon thorn without Pist that it i- the •Inty of the judii•istry to pro , , , . [ their :',iii.‘etit, or to interfere with their inter teet and , is 1., Slavcry in . the turritorie I nal polity: claiming that it was this birthright without any law upon tiro subject. 'of all Englislimen--inalienable when formed I;v a careful es.atilinat ion of the second tl -,„t.„ a political community—to exercise SAKI third 1 ,1,,1,,, , 1ti0n ,, , it uill he i.eell that the a•i ' ..,.. p ., ~II 0,,,,0,, ,privileges rind immuni,,i,,,, voca tc, or e ach ag ree on theoretical q ui,stion. : of s elf.government in respect to all matters that the s.OrtStitiltiosl nStithliSliel , Aay.nry in II ”' ', 51151 thill: which were local and not general territories, and eu napets ;1,,,,,1,,t,,,,,,it, whether , _internal and not external -colonial and not they want it or not :and differ on the- 1,r” , • ' - ; imperial--as fully as if they were inhabitants tient point. whether a right secured by '''''' ' of England with a fair representation in par tionstitution shall lin proteeteci by fill :1,•1 I tiams ,, nt. ~f Congre, when all other ~n0,14.,-, ri.L. , I Thu, it appears that our fathers of the Revo- The ;sift:son stssigned for not protecting : I :: I lotion were coritelitlin , r, not for independence law a right ~,, e nre, l by the constitution i-. lin the first instance, tint for the inestimable that it is. the duty of the courts to proteet i „ lit „ 1 . 1. ,,, l ~,,... ~ g o,,,,,ment wider the British shivery in the territories without any leg I ' . 'i- , imstituth , n; the right of every distinct politi isiation upon the subject. llow the courts are to i ca l Collillitinitv --dependent colonies Territo :llford pr. itei•t ii in to slaves or any other property 1 , where there is no law providing remedies am! I tics, and provinces, as well as savor: States .: 1-to make their own local laws, forum their own imposing penalties. said conferring jurisilicwon , . domestic institutions, and nutnage their own upon the ',sun.- to hear and determine the case , internal affairs in their own way, subject only as thi-v arise. remains to be-explained_ to the constitution of Great Britain as the par- The acts of Congress.establishing the several , , ~ , 1 ,, • 51111011 n,, law of the Anyare. territories of the 11 - nit...l States, provide that: Ti," g overnment of Great Britain had via .' The jurisdiction of the 'several courts hereio fated this inalienable right of local self-goy pros bled for, both appellate and original, anal t•rnment by a long series of acts on a great that of the probate courts and jus . tices tit tl ,• peace, shall las is limited by law '—inearsii, .2: variety of subjects. The first serious point of controverssy arose on the slavery tittestlon as such laws as the t,•rritorial legislature shall fro early LIS 1699, which continued a fruitful source film , to timeeme•t. It will beseen that thejudieial l a irritation until the Revolution, and formed tribunals ,i I. - the h•rritories have just such jii Ti , . unii of the C.:UFOS for the separation of the diction. and ~ r ll. , -itch, in respect to the rights of colonies frets, the British crown. persons and property pertaining to the. citizen: For more than forty years the provincial of the territory as the to legislature, legislature of Virginialllol passed laws for the shall see lit to confer ; and consequently, that , protection and encouragement of African slo th.: courts caiNflord protection to persons and within her limits. - This policy was stead property no furtlwr than the legislature shall. , ver y Hy pursued until the white inhabitants of V ir by law, confer the jurisdiction and proscrile . ginist became:thinned for their own safety, in the remedies, penalties and modes of proceeo itiew of the numerous and formidable tribes of Indian Savtigt‘S which surrounded and threat ened the feeble white settlements, while ship loads of African savages were being daily hauled in their midst. is, order to check and restrain a policy which seemed to threaten tho very existence of thereolony, the provincial legislature enacted 11`,` . faw imposing a tax upon every slave who should be brought into Vir ginia.'• The British merchants, who were en ;gaged in :the African slave trade, regarding thislegislation, RS injurious to their interests, and in violation of their rights, petitioned the King of England and his Majesty's ministers to annul time obnoxious law and protect them in their right to curry their . slaves into Virginia, and all other,British colonies which were the common firalierty of the em pire-acquired by the coiumon blood tuld the common treasure-and from which a few adventurers who had settled , on the imperial domain by his Majesty's PUf- ferance, bad no right to exclude them or dis criminate against their property by amere provincial enactment. Upon a full consi , ders- tion of the subject,the ding graciouSly grant-' ed the prayer of the petitioners, and accord- ingly issued peremptory orders. to the royal Governor of Virginia, and to the Governors of , all the other British colonies in America, for bidding them to sign or approve any colonial or provincial enactment injurious to the Af- rietin slave trade, unless such enactment should I contain a clause suspending its operation until I his Majesty's pleasure should be made knonw in the premises:. ~,, JudgeTucker,tb his Appendix to Blackstone, refers to thirty-one ,u l a : oi c ,sn t s s edt of f i e a,, p ut r b o jy t ec • a i r n ti c oo ia l uf s l Ap e erf g r i ii s caod l a n; I I f i r it o 7 , e i o o L3 f 2 N t ! o irr 7 i 7 n lt i , a. slavery, showing conclusively that Virginia' always considered this RE one of the questions affecting her " internal polity," over which she in common with the other colonies, elainaed "the right of exelmdve legislation in their' provincial legishitureS - ", Within their respective I limits. Someof ttt i ese acts, particularly those which xvere' enacted prior to the year 1699, I , were evidently-intended to foster and amour- age, as wallas to regulate and control African Slavery is 'one of the domestic institutions of . the colcity.' 'The act of 1699, and most.of the e bee rent to that date, were as oh & The Dividing Line Between Federal and Local Authority. YOULIR SOVEREIGNTY IN TERRITORIES, HY STEPHEN A DOUGLAS (Prom I:tg:tzlne, for S...l,t,smberl. Under our complex iystem of government it iF.the. tirst,lotv of American statesmen to . mu-I: 111,6111'th 010 dividing line between fed eral and lineal a uthority. To do thh3 with cc curney, involve, an inquiry, not only into the pow, t., arid duties of the federal government under the Constitution, hutalso into. the rights, pri, :Old immunities of the people of the Torroories, well as of the States composing tie" Itnien. The relative powers and rune- lion- of 110? federal and State government , have hiwonie well understood and clearly de- E B ,.a by their practical operation and harm , - nion , action for a long series of• years; while the disputed pa , tion—invoiving the right of the people of the territories to govern them selves in re-,act, to their lova! affairs and in ternal polity—r,nutins a fruitful source of par strife :oe! ~s•tional controversy. ''he politteal orgatkiv,otion which was formed in 1sro: and has assumed tho name of 'ltepubli e,rl party. i , on the theory that African :.lavery. as it exist: in thi , sountrv, is an evil , u , h mug!, it moral and political to justify :Led require the exertion of, the, entire! power and influence of the federal guy riinr,olt it full extent that the Constitu tion, necordinL , , 1,, their interpretation,will per mit, for estinetion. In the plat f,,rin of prineipl.,, adopted at. Philadelpia, Iw the Republi , • , ll National Convention in Isr,G, it is affirmed : "Thatihe ontiOitutien eonferi ripen congress serer pore' ever rhe Term orte, of the Untied :tom, tor 11e1r iievornment. met that in the exereise of thin hewer i fit ILA, Nth the rontt and the. ditty of Gogreirs to prithit.it the, 'rerneino, tho,o reneii i ni leirtearoon, ebixery."„ - • ori . l ngto Ow. theory of the Republican party there is tin irrepressible conflict bet ween ti epdem anti slavery, free labor and slave lain r, t I t free Silltet'i and the slave States, which is . • irreconcilable, and must continue to rage with inereasite4 lure truth the one shall become nut venal be the am nib ilutiou of the other. In the langte of the most eminent and author- itative expounder of their political faith : •• It is an t tr,i•re,sittitt conthet Iwtweett epposing and ninrinq three-: :aid it moat., that the Untied Sinn, ti ko, , e otter a later. leoeime either tintrrel 0.1.11115 Itikkeini, or en t I rely a fret—labor nati , •d. r . .:her the ,•ot,n Met rice fields of S. nail I lent t Ile ttllnkkr 11.11,1t101 , of 1.0111,1,11.1., trill uttnnately I• • by free sib ,r. tied Chat 4-don awl New 0 r t, it ,1.,•. wear. MAO:" tor tegettem , te,renattm, ,,, : d un e, or i' toe rve fields end t; heed fields if Mtostkehesete. ott I Ott,: Oe stir rendered by the tin die, to elite e eultdre :eel to the proadetind of eitives. arid tort rind New Yeri. L..cowe once more markets for tra,l•• to the ail reel- of mlt." In the Mini:, l•:111Vt1S , defended by Ow I:••publican t,tanatirtl-bearer in tht•-e SEMI -1 4 ;:4 „. It is difficult to concave how any per,on who bolioWes that the constitution confers the right of protection.in theenjoyment of slave property in the territories, regardless of the wishes of the people and of the action of the territorial legislature, can satisfy his conscience;, and his oath of fidelity to the goniititution iu withholding such Congressional logistlitipitfls may be oqsenthil ti the enjoyment of sue i right, under the constitution. tinder thiS view of . .the subject it is it lisle to resist the en s - elusion that, if the constitution &es eitablitili shivery in the” terri -4, Iwyortfl the VONV er if the people to it it by law, it is the ilispera.tl e duty of tgress to supply all the,lcyisl:di an necessary to its ; and' if this proposition is not true, it neeer , .datily results that the constitution neither esthblishes nor prohibits slavery anywhere. but leaves the peiiple of each State and territory entirely free to form and regulate their domestic Minks to suit themselves, without the intervention of Congress or any. other power whatsoever. But it is urged with great plausibility by those who have entire faith in the soundness ~f the proposition that is territory is the mere creature of Congress, that the creature cannot be clothed with any powers not po,:sessed by the creator ; and that Congress, nut possessing the power to legislate in re-pect to African slavery in the territories, cannot delegate to a territorial legislature any power which it does not itself possess. - This proposition is as:Flausible as it is falla. eious. Rut the reverse of it is true as a gem oral rule. Congress cannot delegate to a ter ritorial legislature, or to any other body of men whatsoever, any pov-t . which the constitution lies vested in coagress. In other words ; 'Every puma' r,r7Vrl • red oi Congress by Vic srfution teise.il Au Congfcss in the PlOde prwribrd is the c.n.stitteti.n.. Let its test the eorreetness of this proposi tion by reference to this polders, of Congre ns defined in the constitution : ;- - • "The Congress shall iIPN power-'' an d e elleei• taxes, duties, irrirsast. c ,; T io " fr lsotYcir'ow money on the ereditofthellnitedStatee ine4 , . "To regulate commerce with foreign nations," "To est:J.IIAI a undone' rule otnaturalizatiorCetu; "To coin money and reiulate the rains thereof" MIESEI INCUBI *1 -"".-%*: • " . • ; 2 4,•••,?','' 4 ; .T 4, 4! ,fit ,; • ' EMENEEM / I viously designed to restrain and check the growth of the institution with the view of con fining it within, the limit of . the actual necessi ties of the ccimnannity, or `its tdtimate extinc tion as might. ha deemed most conducive to the public interests, by a system of unfriendly leg islation such as imposing a tax on all slaves in troduced into the colony, which was increased and renewed from time to time, as-oceasion re quired, until the period of the Revolution. Many of these acts never took effect, in conse quence of the King withholdin,g his assent, even after the governor had approved the enactinen t, in cases where it contained &clause s uspending its operation until his majesty's pleasure should be made known in the premises. In 1772 the provincial legislature of Vir ginia, after imposing another tax of live per cent. on all slaves imported into the . colony, petitioned the king toremove all those restraints which inhibited his Majesty's'evernors assent ing to such laws as might check so very perni cious a commerce as slavery. Of this petition, Judge Tucker says: " The following extract from a petition to the throne, presented from the House of • Burgesses of Virginia, April 1,1772, will show the sense of the people of Vir ginia on the subject of slavery at that period: "The importation of slaves into the colony item the coast of Afriea bath long been considered as II trade of great inhumanity; and under its present encouragement we have too much reason to fear will endanger the very existence of your Majesty's American dominiumi • " Mark the ominous words! Virginia tells the King of England in 1772, four years prior to the Declaration of Independence, that his Majesty's American dominions are in danger ; not because of the shunt) duties—not because of the tax on tea—not because of his attempts' to collect revenue in America ! These have since been deemed sufficient to justify reboil:on and revolution. But none, of these ere refer red to by Virginia in her address to the throne —there being another wrong which in magni tude and enormity so far exceeded these and all other causes of complaint, that the very existence of his Majesty's American domin ions depended upon it That wrong consisted in forcing 4frican slavery upon e. dependent colony without, hoc consent, hnd In opposition to the wishes of her own people! The people of yir g inis at that day did not appreciate the force of the argument used by the Ilritish merchants who were engaged in the African sisys §pci Which was afterwards endorsed, at least by implication, by the King and his ministers: that the colo nies were the common property of the empire —acquired by the common blood and treasure —and therefore all British subjects had the right to carry their slaves Into 'the colonies, and hold them in defiance of tbo local law, and iu contempt of the wishes and safety of the colonies. The people of Virginia, not being convinced by this process of reasoning, still adhered to the doctrine which they held it, common with their sister colonies, that it was the birthright of all freemen—inalienable when formed into political conununftles—to exercise exclusive legislation in respect to all matters pertaining to their internal polity—slavery nut excepted, and rather than surrender this great right they were prepared to withdraw their allegiance from the erqw ti. Again referring to this position to the King, the same learned Judge adds : " This pennon produced no ethicht.iipp,arstroin the Bret chiii,e of out IVrrymal ronslitunoa, where, among other rats of nu-rule, t w odium:in tise of the royitl neg. R,e in refusing us Rho pen to of Vi; i ;inii,i pi•rnil, , swii , hi ext.liels ph t l oil, imra es 1. law, is eimmer,aled seleap, 1 the tea4ons for serrinitin4 from Ureat Briton." This clause in the constitution of Virginia. referring to the inhuman use Of the royal neg ative, in refusing the colony of Virginia per mission to exclude slavery from her lic.its by law a, one of the fe. 4 litinii -cur separating from Great Britain, was adopted on the l'2th day of June, 17711, three weeks and one day prey low. to the Declaration of 'lndependence by the I Continental Congress; and after remaining in force as a part of the constitution for a period of fifty--four years, was T c-adapted withovit al teration, by the convention which framed the new constitution in 1830, and then ratified by the people as a part of the new constitution ; and was again re-adopted by the convention which amended the constitution in lffso, and again ratified by the people as a part of the amended constitution, and at this day remains a portion of the fundamental law of Virginia— proclaiming to the world and to posterity that one of the reasons for separating from Groat - Britain was •• the inhuman use of the royal negative in refusing us [the colony of V`ir ginial permission to exclude slavery from Ll` by law " The legislation of Virginia on thi• subject may be taken as a fair sample of the u Li ve enactment- of each of the thirteen colonies showing xonclusivel.y that slavery was regard ed by them all as a domestic question to be reg ulated and determined by each colony to suit itself, without the intervention of the British Parliament or " the inhuman use of the royal negative." Each colony passed a series of en actments, beginning at an early period of its history and running down to the commence ment of the revolution, either protecting, reg ulating, or restraining African slavery within its respectiN e limits and in accordance with their wishes and supposed interest- North and South Carolina, following the example of Vir ginia, at first encouraged the introduction of slaves, until the number increased beyond their wants and necessities, when they attempted to check and restrain the further growth of the institution, by imposing a high rate of taxation upon all slaves which should be brought into those colonies; and finally, in 1151, South Carolina passed a law imposing a penalty of one hundred pounds (or five hundred dollar-) for every negro slave subsequently introduced Into that colony. The colony of Georgia was originally found ed on strict anti-slavery-principles, and rigidly maintained this policy for a series of years. until the inhabitants became convinced by ex perience that, with their climate and produc tions, slave labor, if not essential to their exis tence, would prove beneficial and useful to their material interests. Maryland and Dela ware protected and regulated African slavery as one of their domestic institutions. Penn sylvania, under the advice of William Penn. substituted fourteen years service and perpet ual rulscript to the soil for hereditary slavery. and attempted to legislate, not for the total abolition of slavery, but for the sanctity of marriage among slaves, and for their personal security. New Jersey, New York, and Con necticut, recognized African slavery as a do mestic institntion lawfully existing within their respective limits, and passed the requisite laws for its control and regulation, Abode Island provided by law that no slave should serve more than ton years, at the end of which time he was to be set free; and if the master should refuse to let him go free, or sold hint elsewhere for a longer period of service, ho was subject to a penalty of forty pounds, which was supposed at that period to be nearly double the value of the slave. Massachusetts imposed heavy taxes upon all slaves brought into the colony, and provided, in sonic instances, for sending the slaves back to their native land; and finally prohibited the introduction of any more slaves into the colony under any circumstances. When New Hampshire passed laws which were designed to prevent the introduction of any more slaves, the British cabinets issued the following order to Gee. Wentworth ; "You are not to give your assent to, or pass any law imposing duties upon negroes imported into New Hampshire. While the legislation of the several colonies exhibits dissimilarity of views, founded on a diversity of interests, on the merits and policy of slavery, it shows conclusively that they all regarded it as a domestic qUestion affecting their internal polity in respect to which they were entitled to a full and exclusive power of legislation in the several provincial legisla tures. For few years immediately preceding the American Revolution, the African slave trade was encouraged and stimulated by the British government and carried on with fliers vigor by the English merchants than at any other period in the history of the colonies; and this fact, taken in connection with the extraordinary claim asserted in the memorable preamble to the act repealing the stamp duties, %hat Parliament possessed the right to bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever," not only in respect to all matters.affecting the general wel fare of the empire, but also in regard to the domestic relations and internal polity of the colonies produced a powerful impression upon the minds of the colonists, and imparted pecu liar prominence to the principle involved in the controversy. Bonne the enactments by the several colonial legislatures calculated and designed to restrain and prevent:the increase of slaves; and, on the other hand, the orders issued by theerown in structing the colonial governors not to sign or ermit any legislative enactment projtidicial or injurious to the African slave trade, unless such obactreent: should; contain a clause suspending its operation until the royal pleas should be made known in the premises ; g r in other words, until . the. ring .should have an oppor tunity of annulling the act of the colonial-leg islatures .by the "inhuman use of the royal negative." . ;• . . . Thus the policy of the colonies on the sleervy qtiestion heed assumed a direct antagonism to that of the British Government; and this an- tagonism riot only added to the importance of the principle'.of local self-government in the colonies, but produced:- a general concurrence of opinion and action in, respect to the ques tion of slavery in the Proceedings of the Con tinental Congress, which assembled at Phila delphia for the first time on the sth of Septem ber, 1774. On the 14th of October, the Congress adopted a bill of rights for the colonies, in the form of a series of resolutions, in which, after conced ing to the British government the power to regulate commerce and do such other things as affected the general welfare of the empire with out interfering with the internal polity of the colonies, they &clam'. That they are en titled to a free and exclusive power in their sev eral provincial legislatures, where their right of representation can alone be preserved, in all cases of taxation and internal polity." 'hiv ing, thus defined the principle for which they were contending, the Congress proceeded to adopt the following pencefal measures," which they still hoped would be sufficient to induce compliance with their just and reasonable de mands. These peaceful measures" consisted of addresses to the King, to the Parliament, and to this people of Great Britain, together with an Association of Non-Intercourse to bo ob served and maintained so long as their griev - ances should remain unrodressed. [TO BF: CONTINUED.] p ITT ;: It (111. 'l' II EA Tu Acivoi, AND STAnc )i.t.N SUER 11 WE. nea riEll T. W. C. 1 1 1 1 WE. 1.01, open t.t quarter to 7 e'eltiet; con/meet.° nt half pant 7, precisely. THIS EVENING, September Sth, lie' iirent Leduer Story, at GLENDOWER, OIL THE NORTH SEA. HOVER. Mr. Howe in hie original glaiineLei of Julien. Dancing, by little Signoraa Maria and MIIIVC Aubrey. To conclude with liiii - drna entitled THE YOUNG SCAMP- I To-morrow nig44 Mr. flows in his great cleotioter of RICHARD 111. rams OP ADWIPSION.—Private $5,011, Single Beat in Private Box. gip); Parqueße and I iress Co,le, chairs ; 50 cents; Faintly LIPCIe, 25 cents; Colored (eatery 23 eta,: Colored Boxes, 50 cents; tdallerx 25 cents. APOLL() TUEATRE- MEM La.qt night Lut two of the C0011.:R. ENCiLI'6H OPERA TROVVE. THIS EVENINti, septeml..er Sth,wlll pe•rform‘,l THE. BARBER OF SEVILLE. ~....._ A tint. , Ild nut To-morrow, l Friday.) Farewell Benefit of )11:. A not The 1111.kMATIC SEASON mill commenee 01/ day. September 12. Analamos.—Drell. Circle, SU cent 4; Futmly cents. 1.4.0ra epee at ilt.; tlertam ri4e. , at preot-wl at H o'clock. P. -OPENING PROF. COIVpr,RS2 . . . FASRIONAI3LE DANCING ACADEMY Al NEVILLE ( - ,,rnri a Fourth and iAbOrt Str PR(I ('OWPER, lf AVI N 1 IzErri•RNIU) to the ettv,re,peet(ull) inform- the .•ti burgh and Atleghony, that he M. hmeing A''nd , lnY Al LI , Ab4.7t , 11;,11. SITU , 10 Y. September 3,1 .• IDA 1111cr.uLiwo , to 1,3,11 t h e :koromplo.lonout car111,111,11,t1.•,14,,,,0thrr with .1,111,101, In tho d•II•111111.• of the halt room and -octal eatle,1:011,11x1 De portment of Person, Le- All the lated find mo-I fa,ll - Ball IG.nm And Parlor Panel , . A..t,11114111 l.y VIIM In the FA•icrli .41.'1111. Le , C a lt.lit.l.ltl.. PUII,II !da - zoltrka qnsdrilles, I 43,m , vr p,.n.,tt i>h ,vtadrille, 1.111,er iv; NE k Lairl;,, t,m3drtlle+. PI litl, 1• , 1 man plAtx, E-merald.. \V 111, Or 14entlrill Polka, riltmte Or re SIVio I iworw, '3lllMA:tn. I , ,panolft And lthetmatt down. I , olkm Mrvourk.likil , p , . l e, l,ll,. l ace, G robVirillienne Orel, dr.., kr 1 Cdl I. inticht 1(1 Irmo, •r11111a11(1 11 1,. LADIES ( :1(4 , 14} , fr , nl 4 Ck P. 11. Allr:Srs'— 'I hur,l3, and SAtnr,la froth 3 it, M 17ENTLI 1 :MEN'S el.te-let—Ttltint.l.tytt uml , 4 tthtr.hty , fromti to ul. r , PRIVATE CI,AsS 1.•"1; Prot Cowper trill a 1... give rit,trliete.tet 1 . 1 - I,tte tlastse , t, itt 11,4n:elem. g:t en Kt tho fl1Stlel•CO ttapth,, regthrea. N. 11.—Prol.C. tan lie At the nit,ete 11.3.. m .4 tuition. freth '2t.. C,alol 1.-C2 1. M Ow \II , - 1- HOUSE, daily JOHN H. IIfcCARTHW, KILL POSTER, Wlll nromd to the 1 , .. tr11.11tin4 BILLS, CIRCULARS, BARDS & PROGRDIMES ♦mu•ement'. Railroads, Steamboats, Ship., Hotels, Salem, Etc., ',tors sent to the thr Pitt, , him:ll /1,!. or Dutiti tio:atc, %cal rec.•it'" prompt :.1,1111.n F_ r I; TItY SIT Cl 4 PI! ES ()N ill E A I I.F.till ENT VALLEY ItAll,ltto %I. AT A l't lit 1:‘ tta TlAUlttiltAl AFTERSttt)N, Septettiher 'oh. en tl retinue.. will he .old thirteen acre. of very tle.tral. Nand in Plum township. this. ,Itie. of 111111011.tatetn, • the Alletztieny Valley it:titre:el. ten mile. from the ea The Rt.', 111,- , been zt,talivelett %lite hOll . trAcht ..I.nit list,V la,* a tillartel 3 v,... eaeln which. wills il, I.o..ilillftlitllon , and fere.t .hide nee., are lowly 411 for country re.ttletecel. commanding Ftlperh root - . 11Ieghen) .ranetvr Kell lot cAn he plentaul totpplied with water front Si contented ha.on o f . lof thirty thou.ratT Callum at the celebrat ItLg tiprtutt. the elovatlon el wlttelt will Turns-h it e, v.•ye , l through small pip.• to the :entotul -troy II \ IlWril Mg A 1-IPAM4I the ,d,-cent M. 111.1. )4 1.1 .1 M. ertnottl. Jan - n.. 1141,11, John Fowler, F. to eel . . En' and other., thl.: property tttlen rue ttnliieeineta , enotary lean,. 'l'l,.•rt,ht ..Ist,t) thr”. , o , th.• hating been Knotted. in a -hart hale .everal a.blit In a.•..nnunodation tram,. still lot p10e...1 on the r..tul I will lea, tt the Allegheny Valle) tuolroaa depot at o'cloel, en day of sale. Term, one tint,' e.t..ti . re,n in one and two years with intere.t. Tale nub tiotht I'. M ItAVI,, Anctietke A Rci E SALE OF 1111ILDIN 6 Li ITS IN FAST lillt!sllNGll.%Ni —on TUF.SI)%I AFTER NOON, Sopternbor 12th, at 2 Unlncit, ou the ail; ta• L o t" of Gn.alti.l the ,if Kaat Ititnunghain, fcnniing h.rtt.h. rah. Harmony..l4 , aeph and Mea,l‘nr he :,14a, an , Very deNlrlo4y ,onn,to,l for I.tnon , -. putpo-o, 1.1,11111,01150 ,at ea,oh Inal the residence ..f C. Ea+ Terms- 0 11 0- f , Icti•nee In !ale and tl,n e year.. will hitt payable animal!) ELE T G AN HOUSEII 01.1) I , IIIN ITU RE AT AUCTION.—on 'l't''lE' I :\S MultN Nti. Sep tember 13th, at 10 o'doek, will be lat the Na. ltd Third street, Park's Rocr—Eletrida llous,•hobl Furniture, comprising SofaN, Hair Seat, un Cane Seat Chaim. Walnut and Mahogany Ibiekers: Mar ble-Top Centre Tables, btrgo pit ;rani° Mantle prn,sels. Tapestry aqd Ingrain Carpets. Mateigiel> Waingt H nnauz,TOthq and W..ric Table, Extom,,,,, Dining Table, Mahogany and Walimi liodstcads,Spriu. and IL& Mattrassea. Feather Beds, thl 171001-. S.-. \ a variety of Kitchen Furniture. I'. M. DAVIS, And PrET.E:LNI r ri3 I=I -M, A full 4s,,ortnient Of rITTSBUIIIiII MAN UFACTU ED FURNITURE, constantly on lumd, %cinch %cc n' ap2Ody LOCUST GROVE SEMINARY THE NEXT ANNUAL SI , >;SIoN, of tw, terms, five months each, will open on T1 1 E:ill:kV THE 13TH OF SEPTEMBER. at '9 ecincl. A. M. The Faculty of Teachers who tilled their situation with such distinguished success during the past yea continue their connection with the insomnia, On aecrtnt, of the greatly increased medleys for tray( afforded by the new Passenger Railway, a 111111U:11 no tithe of Day Popils will he meowed from Pith.boreli 'lb number id Boarding pupils is hunted to thirty. Earl applications are desirable.' eirrulars tiontalmng, general information, terms, Ai may lin had at Davis' and Davison's. Booksellers, and Eleber's and Mellor's, Music Dooler-r, or by A ddro...-oo through Pittaborgli Postothee, augl:ia:t,epal REV. tiEoRGE T. innE R. A. M. - e ,r 11°4 g),musetnents PORTERS 111T.I.A.NP P I'FFS Itti CI, PA Auction pates IMMEURIM= BULGER & DAVITT, Manufacturevs of crcry iption of No. 45 Smithfield Street PITTSQVRGII, PA ell at the lowest times for Cash FOR YOUNG LADIES, Z,AWREN" E-CT N A sTov F. woRK S. ALEXANDER BRADLEY, MANOPACTIIIMIL AND DEALER IN EVERS VAIUVY OT Cooking, Parlor & Heating Stoves PLAIN AND FANCY GRATA FRONTS, AC Soh, Proprietor of Wu Colobruled PATENT GAS BURNING AtiU P,M , Ec, INscm N COOK STOVES. Office and Sales Rooms oc2lly2p ZVT.o 4 IVO, I Strut, Pi asburgh; Pc S 1i E P H A HD JOHN Is; (Sueeeaaor to Hartwell!: Shephao Druggist, Corner Wood and Sixth et A:complete stock of DRUGS, MEDICINES„ PAINTS, OILS and DYES, constantly on band. COUNTRY MERCHANTS, Will End it to their advantage to give us a cal facturer of the colebrted SOTICR OAPILLI • • ilk.' J. HARVY DAVIS RAIN PHILLIPS • JOSEPH N. DAVIS. • ' ' DAVIS & PT -FILLIPS . BRASS FOUNDERS AND MANUFACTURERS , PS.UMBP.RS~ GAS AND STEAM FITT ERS, DIANUFALTDRERS AND DEALERS IN PLUMBING MATERIALS, GAS FIXTURES, PUMPS AND BRASS WORK, OF EVERY DEscininluN. Agents for Allen's Celebrated Steam and Water Guaiges, MANUFACTORY NO. 110 WATER, AND 104 FRONT STS., PITTSBURGH, PENN'A. IVareraonis, G 1 Wood street. Pittsburgh. and Federal street. Allegheny City. aug:L6RO.,I _ - - TA itTN ERSH ll' lately ,übsist iiini;:itYl' the nameof COLEMAN. II AILMAN X CO. Is disß o olved hy the retirement of William Coleman. E....1_, he having disposed of his interest therein to FRANCIS HARM and l itre W. HAI LIMAN. The husine,s of the late firrn will settled Ity their sin•eessors, HA IL- M AN, RA JIM & CO.. who have :assumed the debts and liabilinea of the late firm. \VM. COLEMAN. '. EDWARD RA 11M. J. W. HAILMAN. FRANCIS RAH M. ALLEN KRAMER., : The undersigned have formed a I:Ay-Partnership tinder the name of Hailman. Rahm A Co.. to continue the lane -I.IOSS Mille Duquesne Works. They are amply prepared to furnish Iron Nails, Steel. Steel Axles. Spring, and all Goods in their line on liberal terms. FRANCIS ILAIIM. .1 W. II Al I.M AN. ', GEO. W. MAILMAN. ALLEN ERAM ER, EDWARD RAHN!, 1 lake pleasure in reeommemhog to toy friend. and the public generally, the.firni of II ‘ I LAI AN. ItAIIM A CO., proprietors orate Inmo,,ne Works. who :ire ampl) • prepared to exeoote :111 orders for goods in their Imo, , and solicit for them a continuance of the patronage !.. liberally granted to the late Min. tin , :li?.‘i0 1 ) -if , . WILLIAM COLEMAN. 1 FIRST PREMIUM AW A R DEI I BN"I'll F STATE FAIR TO ~,, I GRAFF Er. CO.. FOR THE REST - . Si a l c NT M - s•SA ty For the hest Range for families, and hest Wood Cook Stove. I spheral fur best. Laundry Stove. A 1 , ,, on hand, a large assortment of Heating Moves, Phan and 1'...,v Grate Front s, FMlllier,, Rat IM-1 Dog 11 , 3 n, , ' , ll2:tr E it tie,, Tea Eettli.ot, Wagon !loxes, Hollow-War , . &y. GRAFF At CO, N 0.245 Lil.yrty s.trovt, frl At thu head of Wool ,trYet, ' The GroVer & Baker AMERICAN IRON WORKS. I • • SEWING- MACHINE COMPANY JONES & LAIITII, , Pittsnumti Agency', No. 107 Market St. Manufacturer, of • ' ' 0 I Having greatly inereakal their facilitiescor_mapufatm-. IRON AND NA1L,00,,,, th•lr CaLIIIIATED FANZItt ACELFOS, Tita au trie recent onprovou , nts have reduced their prices; and offer for JUNIATA AND COMMON SHEET IRON, ,..11, A With's Patent Shafting, Piston Roils, Plates At. NEW STYLE MACHINE. Price, $5O--hemmer, $.5 Extra. ivAßEnrarsKs, 1 it is no 'r ' ster questioned that these Machines are the 98 Water Street, and 132 Plrxt Street, • lest in use Inc at *ly sewing. They .• PITtSBUIR. GII, HEM! 1:, GATHER AND STITCH net and are the only machines' And corner of Franklin and South \Vat, Si-„ Chl,-,agr, IT the-market Kell and simply made, that inrritiv . t hey may be scut into families with no other instructions - -- than al , .unstained in 111 eirtllPT which socompanies each 1 4 1.V . V.Nrq • e .. ......” niAchni... and from winds D. B. I{OGERs & CHILI/ OF TEN YEARS I CO.,' May readily learn how to use, and . keep thrall in order. 11.1NUNACTURElls OF 1 'Phi`,' mak.. upwards nf '• . `,'•''' -", HUNDRED STITCHES A MINUTE, .. . ____ ROGERS' IMPROVED PATENT STEEL CULTIVATOR TEETH, Corner Ross and First Streetx, CH ADW ICK N, SON, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, DEALERS IN PAPER AND RAGS, And \ 4 , 10, fqr ,:L!•• Mahoninz Fire Brick and Pot , 11.-wr k r' r tt Pri ',or ra LOGAN & GREGG, Importer. of HARDWARE,I No. 52 Wood Street, Lhx,r+ 0..0 P 1.:11.• Low.A.ti, A. .1.1,, I.llCg GEO. S. BRYAN & CO., COMMISSION MERCHANTS, r 4.1: THE PIG IRON, BLOOMS, &C.. No. 52 I% owl at.. Pittsburgh. rrrnEvcr_- , .—1.v0r, Short. A C... 1`,;1-1.1i1,1‘. 1.1vir44 11tt-hur.7l/ . .11, E- i r.ll/, C.1.,11,11.1ay , 141rg. I', 'fiIi:ENTERPRISE IN SU lINNCE CO Oti ADELIPIIIA. RES A(l.k INST DISS 0 1: DAM At;F: I t.y Vinerun Meretetiolire. Furniture. Le., at rate. of prcuuum. I -- M'Keri..if \Vol Pror.ier, lie. M. \ t0...1. of .Itw.inki, White Ben) T. Trioliiik, .1 Treoloin, Stoke.. h Co; Hotiry Itartoio Nia.llt`e. I kVA. 41; liot, 11. Stewart, of Stewart lir, 3.410 II Itrown. of Itrown Co„. It ..I. Polito-14 , 1,0t . It. I Voline , to, li. e 1',.; 011.1 row C0.h..1 I. Erroo,or.wet Erriiii.ter. It ATI:II till , ST NV C. iN Ittrrioainnit . I Pointer A 1.4 • T h" M • • AlleO m . EIT , .y 0 M ,t c o _ Iloinu A Co., 1., isia,ton. Peron 0 , Woo S. lovely Co S. BILY AN A. eO.. A g.. 111., No. iool HT STATE AUTIIORITA ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY OF HARTFORD IN4I)I;Pi)IiATED islIA RITA: PEIZ— rrruAL. Cash Capital, - - ,000,000. Jffiy t, rl;r4. 514 411 , [4 . 11 pald over, $1?..t.10t... VrnportN 11,11 r, a ItY ~‘I: THE INLAND N v rute,itt,l rule, 1,0 Vt \ -enr, lair 1511 , 6 t will rerllltt A. A. CAILIZIEII MCI , . W. 11. F.DIF., Surveyor. y•'.11111 N'. c. 3 Funrth ,treet,Pitl,ll.ltlw,lt. CANNEL COAL 'OIL. Si ME OF E G 001) QV LITI ES )1 , Rained C.m..1 are these . - IT RIVALS OAS LI G HT IN BEILLI AN( IT I.' ENTIREL,Y NON-EN PLOSIVE; IT MAY BR CARRIED A IP Wl': IT IS CONVENIENT FOE (IENERA L PSE IT BITENS WITHOUT ANY OFFENSIVE 01 , 0 E; IT IS CLEAR AND BEAUTIFUL IN COLOE; ITS A PREA E..ANCE IN THE LAMP IsoRN A MEN TA L AND TTRA C'T VE : IT DOES NOT PERIIA NEN TL So 11. C. 11: PETS. cLoTHING. A., 0,, ,chieh IMO 11 beAttit thc best firlick.a+ am. eatr.iny T IN EMPHATICALLY THE cHEA PENT 1.14 t 11 - E NO IVA% DIRECTIONS FOR ITS' USE. Go ton responsible dealer and obtaiu a good eoal Lamp. Secure lion triri.s, so that they will move readily up and down in tho tube. Trim Me wk.!: with ,harp •teissors, exactly even with the top of the wick-tube, clipping MT the small projecting points at the corners. your lamp with our OIL Turn up the wick carefully at first. so as not to crack the chimney. A Annie win greatly enhance its exee,'..mee far read. mg or sewing by. lty tine careful observance of thesodirections, you will ' ,cure it light that cannot fail In please. Our facilities fur refining are n e w very perfect and complete, atni liming devoted it great dos of laboriou. attention to tine lr6 We have suceended m predueing an :article of the very best quality, to which we nit in.. the especial uttentiun of the trade. All orders will be filled at the lowest rates. For Bale by the barrel, or in CllllllltitiC . . to =air mean, by ADAIR & VEEDER. Refiners of Coal this, No. 31 Penn's. Avenue, near High , treet, jes-Wnitlaw mot fur from the Court Home.) - - - PITTSBURGH STEEL WORKS. SAM' J 1Y1)... M'Cl'Lio.' 4 ;ll JONES, BOYD & CO., CAST STEEL Spring? Plow, um' A. U. Steel Spring.. CORNER ROSS AND FIRST STREE'ES, PITTSBURO PA A. A. CARRIER & BROTHER, AGENTS, No. 63 Fourth Stieet. C 0 M. MONW EA LT II INSU RA A NCE com PAN Y, at Harrisburg. Pa. Cbarb•r,l Vioo,ooo. Hon. SIMON CAMERON, Pre.q.b.ot.; S. S. Carrier, SverMary. IiIRA RD FIRE AND MA RIN E NCR COMPANY, Philadelphm • 7s:l.7:i.florir 14 . ':EI A . IN .I ‘ i iNEß.Fies'ideot •• d. It. :V i . rw . 4li - Tgtissofetiertese. - MC Water on 8 top_ Secretary. QHAIZER CITY INIAITRANCE J'IO,IIPINY, ' 1 tb h 1 P r e si de nt; a lp 11 et. Assets, pi 1.351.4.2.. I:Fit:till , . 11. Hain' „When pm purchase one paper.you should pre. President; H. R. Coggshall, Secretary. i . 7 itiserve the vatmper, :11111 Is. l eirtieular to get the sprklyd j fle.at.. exactly hi::: the first—bouid as above. .. Full directions for malting Bread with tl t h. ' JBaleratus and Sour :NMI: or Cream Tarter, will DIONONGAHEL.A. FOUNDRY. . c - : liteenniplUty tsw. h paidmge; also, direetions .rfir "Mrskiug nll kinds of Pastry; also ; for rrutkut ANDERSON Sz. PIIIILILIPS ;Soda Water sod Seidlitz Powders. , I ASP, , 1 PlAlir. woonowN goArl, . .. __- , TlEz z aiti;', TO CALL ATTENTION TO' ' ' 7 0 _Ly their several kinds of 7 ' Tr s IR. T-1381381 PURE CONCENTRAT lWnrranted douhl , the strength of ordirtaiy Po 'a enne,-.1. lb, f or b,3 albs., 610 s. and • ''' ' 6 03-blnr-!%;•llVitifulidirecticins making liird - and. 6 8 !soft:Soap. Consumers will find this th* Obeap- 1 . .. l ost p0ta5h.m.k.......,.... ~..,_ Ar ) Manufactured and for sale bi t, • .-:: , .7. ,- l'oA. 68 and It Viasidngton at., Nekt., ABBITT- 't,:, 4. ' 7 Obykklydinr and No. M India st,„ Boston. 1/..-u HOT AIR FURNACES, SUITABLE FOR clluncriEs, PUBLIC scuouLs, AND PRIVATE HOUSES. Ellecially :t.lapte , i to PITTSI3T.TI4,aI-1 COAL, Air AN ILL& cLorrit PAPEII.-,-.A.6uperior Q L ATES:—A largo lot for gale:Wholes:do AIL article, large size And extra heavy,___ 1,7 or Wail, by J. /3, WELIAN_ ON 66 Woodlotroot, gal 63 Wood atroei now FWD _ And not liable to anus wmu BOOT. SEWING MACHINES. I:EA LITV, AND CAPACITY. TO NO OTHER MACHINE CAN COM Nevi' . _And l[riiprovOli - Machines, Pirl'EEN nd milt do the sewing, of a family cheaper than a seam res. can do it, even tf site works at the rate of • ' ONE CENT AN 110 bill. Is Mete n littsbind, father, or brother in the United hitcs. ales a ill perunt the drudgery of hand sewing in i. booth. when a Grover k Baker Machine will do it et ter. 1110I,g•cpsIttiously, and cheaper than can possi ly Is• done coo l. Are- I fin r Oradar. The cast pl. , piltAie estimation is now justly ac 0r.1...1 to Use Grover 4. &bier Machine, for family sew att. 6-r the G,llnaiog reasousi-,lst. It is more simple mi e a-d•; ii, is in order than any other Machine. Dl. In .1., --ant whi el, will not rip or r.avel,though every I eh-cut. Dl. it sews from two ordinary spools, 0,-1 bo. all trouble of winding thread is avoided, while 11.• -.1,..• maelonc tairbe :slabied at pleasure, by a mere Is• ..t s .1.. to : iii raric•ties of stork. 4th. The same e• I A.• o - silk, lino. thread. eoinmon spool cotton, healoy. c.th. 'Elie seam Is a. chaotic us the eiashe f,hne. so that it is free trom all liability.to hreal: it. washinc. trot tie, or otherwise- 6th. The stitch I.• by tbi. maelitto• is more beautiful than any other, tmele either by haul or machine. lONS OF THE PRESS: 'lite best pttent now in use.—{Easton Whig. Stand , high In the estimation ofall--TErieConstittrtfon. Is ~:dl that it is recommended—{Lana Democrat. It hie no supertor—LAshtabula Telegraph. .k hoteedlohl neeesslty— . -11 - tatavut Herald. :rover .4 itaki-r's is unrivalled—lTtockport:Advertiser• ee is the wants of the honsewife--lAttburn Ch. Ativo. A neee.sity in the family—t Southern Inventor. The ,•le•apest and best in use—(Baldwinsville Gazette. They aro the I.e.t in not--(Waterford Sentinel. Th. best mantifJetureti-415tt-ston Journal. \Verde, ..f pol.he patroriag. , --blersey Shore Repub. t ;rot er a Baker have the best improvements-IHunt. Not to ,et oat of oriler—{ , Westchester Jeff. tiost cnncenient in uae--it.,hicago Newn Letter. noire iolvantages than any other--{Nash. o:izette. SI article. 3 are Mule with it with ease-4i HaaartreGa.z. I .I.!ittell, the labor of thi,,e borne -Ploughman. A of ten year's old may One it.-{Farmer and Via ino,t sewing,--iAllentown Dem. Sew+ silk, linen. or ia dl un threiol—Pitts. Advocate. Is kre duple than any other--{C eveland Reporter. rilerits n pl,t in every family-{Abingdon Democrat. Sew,. a yard a nthinte—tclivveland Lender. 'Die 14..111111 , V for families—[Biblical Recorder. It makeß a fine, strong ~ea Laporte Union. NATHAN WHITING, Agent, No. 107 Market street. I=l *aquiVe - Chines. S 353 .S N POINT OF DIT RAM LITY, PERFECTION Oi',WORR PERFORM EVERY VARIETY OF SEWING; PARE WITH SINGER'S AT U REATLY REDUCED PRICES, AT S 712 A IF'S 32 Market street. grearL 3 , SANFORD'S LIVER INVIGORATOR NEVER. DEBILITATES. IT I. c oat po if Ildird rat ire I y trona (.ants, and 1,,,t...,,que.‘” esta LI dhed (het, ft elandaniMcdtclue, known ~•I ~pp .. , t ey all ;nut hare used th and La now re ,, I .... ith ,u - didence in! mai l all the diseases for which It „„,,, „„.„,„,,, 11 11, 4 ede,t tnon3andsl TS within th e ha two years ' a 1... k ~! ~, 4,1 II p AO bOile,• Oa - relief. as the 1:55115151 - 1.,, Li1.,:,ie,1-111t,111,1n ILISi Z. ii ....."4/6101,11/1 1 0% , . 111, .1.,.- not A I...:wlApti , l ra in the temperament of the t,fc , Le,: tuft ', h. am' es- t , ed 111 mach et:maddest MS to “n no• lt.nvels. i i ..: the iti.l.ars or }our! unchen , ent raids you In th e o. , ,t a„- 1.11." Elf lai - 1 ai . ! I VIGOILATOR, audit Liver Com- iai !plints, Bilious At - te c I", l)y*tie pal a, 411 1 1, !Chenille Diarrhoea, i Su in tit Cr Com ..I Illlll3plalnts, Dysente- NT. 104 r, Soltri StoCh,Hßbitliai CoAll V rile 44, Chol-! le, Cholera, Chafe fa :110 Ili ifi, Chola. nil !liifaiitum. Plata.. le eve, Jo II I% il Ice c•, .111.1 InAJ 1.4, 11..,i SM.; ,ressfully as 15 Ordina ryFafolly died"! Iret !eine. It will cure SICK lIEhLiA L• Li E. ( ‘ ‘,l I thotmandA can testify.) In I,vea , i y minute , . 1 r i , !two or three Tea - 'tooth ll l% til, tollrib at commencement of ....c.i, f, i *alio 114, It are a giving their tesunaony MIX IV ATEII. 1N THE MOUTH WITH 'l'll E IN VIGO It ATOII, AND SWALLOW BOTH TOtiETHEIL. Price One Dollar per Bottle. SANFORD'S CATHARTIC PILLS l'Or DED FROM - - tracts, and put tap In Tight, and will keep l'ttre Vegetable E ta.A SS CASES, AI lls it.) . eII Lnate. Th.. Fa 11511)' Ca- ... s . thartlOPlLL ha gen tte I.IIL omit,. Catholic uA which the proprietor has t 1 ••• i to to , prattiee tare Ithan twenty years. 411.,...,..t1ts awntaanw rn d , r . .nd frOca those who I.A. el tutt. L.I ;let PIT.I. at aa :old the estisfacUou which o 1 1•••.,..-..... to r.. twd t , . their I's ttse, has Luduced me to place th.•,11 w ithin 0/ore:who( all. 114 • . ' I h.. Prolosnion a ell know that dblerent ealharcint 10t ~.. dat.t,rn 1.,ti0n..4 of the IPS ,bow_es the 1:A:1'11.Y C.l- TYIA.II.TIC PILL 1,1, „hl, du , rettnuwo to this well established fact, la.en ....mauled...l Wont a. n variety of the purest Vega. tAtle Et.rtets, whirl, OP( ._.....' alike en every part of the alimentry coltol. and. are 1.11 good and an In all eas e, where o CaltsrUc is Ei needed, such as De rangement aof the Stoma ne It, Sleepl a-6%, Pains In (lie Bark and 1.011,1, I'll4llVl`lll , la. P RV. rand Soreness over I lie It-I%llle body, • from sudden cold, which fre.itototly if ue4leetel, • ...ad In a long course of Fe ver, T a tosa 01' A `pp tt- lite, a Creeping sell: ...Allot , 4,f Col d over, .... the body, Restless• ors+. Ileadaeltr , owl ei ',weight in thebess or.r, head, all I ttillt 111111 ft tort' , 4 1)1a,-nses„ Worms In ("It 'hirers or Acitsita.llthrumatlana, a great Purl tier .tf the IT b oll i iii, Arid many diseases to which P....h 1. hole, t.... tonneronsi SwF to mention in this advertise i... llose• I to 1. i.rticr till t'ENTS. Tb,r EIN - er lovi ; - . !,111 . nail Family Ca-' t Ito et le I'll la are nu. ~..1 to. Druggists generally, and rail.. I tt t01e.,.,t,. by the 1 role It nil the large woos. I ' S. T. IV.S A !t; IVOltli, 111. 13,,, AP )11.1.01.7E11r, and Proprietor, 335 0 rand so ny, 0:4- ‘r 11 . ork G. H. KEYSER, Agent, No. 140, corner Wood street 1 sn.l Virsi_u_alley:___ - iy9t.lydaW —_ To_____. To Housekeepers. Si )my,TLI.IN(i NEW.—B.. T. BABBITT'S P.E.ST lill.ililClNAl, SNLERAIII.9, 6 o 'ls maiaufaetored from eirlllllloll salt, and is pr a 01pared I.tairely different from other Saleratus- t , c !MI the 'deleterious matter. extracted in liteh !mariner as to produce 'Bread. • Biscuit, 'end all 'N' . kinds or Cake, without containing a particle o A 2,- Is:derail's when the bread or cake is letk ed; ther by producing wholesome results Every yarti 7 OA, of Saler.this is turned to gas, and passes? through the bread or biscuit while baking; con \ sequently nothing remains but commbe Salt, Wider :mil Flour. Yon will readily perceive by kn the taste of this Salaratus that it is entirely dit- f 0 oilerent from other iiialeratus. It is packed in one pound papers, each irra per brande.d.. It. T. Babbitts Bost gedieinal ANl,,ts • iler-alue." also. picture, twisted loaf . of bread, THE PERUVIAN SYRUP, Protected Solution of Protoalde of Iron Combined, HAS SUCCESSFULLY PASSED THE ordeal to which new discoveriea in the Materia I,tibjeeteti. and 11111,t now be received as an medicine. Its efficacy in Curing Medicq nr e tatil: he, DYSPEPSIA, Affections of the Liver, Dropsia, Neuralgia. Bran. chitis and ,Consumptive Tendencies, Disor dered State of the Blood, Boils, Scurvy, and the prostrating effects of Lead, or mercury, General Debility, and all diseaies which re. quires tonic and altera tive Medicine is be yond question. _ Theproof of its eflicacyare so mitnerona,se well =then ticated, ttitdef suchapeculiar chars acter,lhat'autferers cannot reasor ably hesitate to receive the profit ed aid. The Penviiau Sy r updoes notya fessrto be a cure -nil, but its range ex.ten-sive, because many dise,ast apparently unlike, ore intimate .rciated. and, ppieeeding from or cauffe, may be eared by one rem, dy. The class of diseases for whi the Syrup provides a cure, is pr. so often baffled the highest order The facts are tangible, the witnessesaccessible, find the safety an d e fficacy of-the Syrup incontrovertible. pates—Largo bottles, $2, or six for rit.; small bottles, $l, or six for $5. . - laving confidence in the efficacy of the t.-.Pitat, - vuoic Srace,7, as a medicinal agent, no rec o m men d to onr brethrOn in the ministry, the careful reading of this pamphlet. Rev. John Pierpon L, ` I Thos. Whittemore. James 13. Miles, " S. H:Eidslel,l Jot. H. Clinch Sold by DR. GEO. H. KEYSER, augG•l3, dk MORE TO BE ADMIRED RICHEST DIA Ever Worn by Kings or Emperors. WHAT? A BEAUTIFUL HEAD OF HAIR! THE ARTICLE THAT WILL NAI'U RALLY restore the color of the hair, the changing of which to gray; being an indication of a lack of proper secretions, is truly a valuable medicine. -Prof. Wood's liAtrt TOXIC is the only safe remedy fur baldness, dry ness.' premature change of color. and the severa l: evi dences of a lack of secretions :it the roots of the hair. which can be found.- ~Hoick preParations•abound, and " hair tonics " fill every Conner grocery in the country. Avoid all - hair tonics" unless known to be the prep ration of some man whose celebrity tins become world wide. Do not let any nostrum vender e[Jletiment Upon your hair. Touch n.a lanv, you have not a good reason Ito believe is all that if tairfmrb. to Is, Prof Woods has earned by years of severe test of the 5 irtues of Ilia pre paration. his present fame firer 15oecrtiticates are be fore us of the value of this Liair Restbmtive, from par ties who have tried it. Read the following: . - .. New Yore, April 19, ises.—ric Weep—Dow Sir.—Per mit me to express to you the obligation, I am under for the entire restoration of my Heir to its original color. About the time of my ,arrivel in the the United States it was rapidly beeoniing clay, but upon the application of your Hair - Restorative it soon recovered its original line. 1 consider your Restorative as a very wonderful inven tion. quite eilicavi4ais as well as agreeable. I am, dear sir. yours truly, S. THALBERG. Prepared by ti. J. Wren A co, In Market st., St. Louis, and 312 Broadway. Ti. Y. and sold by all druccists and patent medicine dealers; also, by all tansy and toilet deal ers in the United States and Canada. Sold by Dr. GEO. H. KEYSER. No. 140 Worl street, and R. L. FAIINESTOCK r.CO., No. tiO, corner Wood and Fourth streets, and by all ;rood Drugl.s,l, selb3mdaw Health and Happiness Secured. THE CONCENTRATED CURE, THE CONCENTRATED CURE, A POWERFUL REMEDY A POWERFUL REMEDY FOR W A.KNESS, FOR INEARNESS, FOR EARLY INDISCRETION, FOR. EARLY INDISCRETION, TRY,IT! TRY . IT! TRY IT! TRY IT! VOTING MEN WHO A ItE• SUFFERING from theeitects of yritithfol indiseretion,lllll be surely and permanently restored Ly ming the CONCENTRATED CURE A f2Z„ T_T A 77 I 'l' AE, Atteniedy of Great and Certain Power. This remedy is put np in'sinall viol*, :Ohl 'Can be sent by mail to any address.. _I trial will satisfy. Use it`for - a week. and yon will etiperientio a great benefit. -A cir cular containing full particulars, semi ,{free) on apphca- / tion. Price per bottle $l.OO. ' (Inc bottle will lad, a month. ' ' ..„ N. 11.—This' remedy is suitable fir either hex. Ad dress It. CRI if; ER, -Medical Agent. _jy2li.'w 742 Broadway. ,New Y_ork. —_ SUFFER NOT.-111-iS. ( it) LDSMITIT & co., No. 42 Sixth .tenet. Pitteburgh.'Penn'a. still tontines to bo consulted °nail iliseasecof ar 'OVATE or DELICATE NATURE. From a long course of and practical experience of unlimited extent, Drs. O. A Ciii have the gratification of presenting the unfortunate with remedies that have never failed to cure the 0100 alarming case of Gonorrhea and Syphilis; 7 , lleneath his treatment,till the horrors of Venereal and Iritpure Blood. Scrofula, Ulcers, Pain and Distress, or Intiarnmation - 04 the Bladder and Kidneys, Abscesi-es, Hurnora, Fright fu; Swellings. and the long train of horrible symptoms at tending this class of diselutes, are made id 'become as harmless as the simplest ailings of a child_.. SEMINAL V; EAK N kI•SS--lirs. G. .A Co: OViafes much of their attention to the treatment of those rates caused by . a secret and solitary habit- which rains iltd body and mind.nnfitting the unfortunate individual for eitheilinsi 7 =- , ... ness or society. Some of this sad and rnel.ineb olv effects produced by these early habits of youth are-tWieikness - of the back and limbs, Palpitation of the lidgigt, Dyspep sia, Nervousness.. derangement of the Digestive func tions, symptoms of Consunitaion, etc. oleo 4.11 e fearful effects on the mind are mite), tots, dretutud r viz t Loss ' ormeuiory. confusion of ideas..lopreSsvon•Of spirits, evil forettodings,aversion to sociely..,ff-di,trust, turnidi= ty, etc., pre among the evils pa - shire& Such persons. before contemplating marriage, should eonsnit a physi cian of skill and experience, and be at onee restored to health and happiness. Ague teal Fever curedond war ranted. All letters containing a fee. addre-ised to-Drs. GOLDSMITH & CO- Pittsburgh. Mali.. will meet with pronipt attention, and medicines forwarded, ,tiecnre from obeervation, and a stirs guaranteed. ThO'strietost so cresy observed in all cases. te.. Don't forget-the place, No: 42 Sixth street, Pitts burgh. Pa . apl9:lyda w __ . .... _ EYE AND EAR DISPENSARY. Office 95 ..Ifain street, ('Il door, upstatrd,)Buffato, N. F. VSTABLISELED BY THE CiELEBRA -121 TED DR. JOHNSON. late of London. England. A great discovery in the science of: medicines. being a certain and speedy cure for restoring the , sittlit mid removing all diseases pectiliar to the eye. - This is uni versally acknowledged the milt safe and stir(' remedy now known- tt ha. , been used itith great success by the most skillful physicians in Europe and America. patients to any part of the country can' treat them selves successflilly -nt a moderate expense, thereby avoiding the danger and expense of falling into the It-adds of unskillfiil physicians. This me dieihe (sufficient t o cure,) will be sent by mail or express, with all neces sary directions, on reeetpt of Ten 'Dollars.. _ Dr. Johnson's Certain and Infallible Chire for Daifness and Singing Noise. i n the Pert. :Yereortr And and .31bul annplaints, ~ Affording instant relief to sufferers who ltave_been trou bled with deafness for many years. Alle_r using this , remedy a few days the patient N suddenly and almost miraculously enabled to hear ordinary toned conversa tion; in the course of a few weeks the-. 1 11 9, 4" Pbstipate case of deafness is ettecinfillv cured. ' '',---. Patients ton numerous to mention have heerrrestored to perfect hearing, and forever resened from the snares of the numerous-ilangerons unqualified pretender. of tho - Oresunt day: .flospitatied priralettTtimonitits and certificates from the must eminent physicians and-sur geons in England, in whose presence deaf persons have beeneured,and twiny hundreds ofprivate patients cured can be seen or referred - to. A, case of this medicine, (enough to effect a sore,) will be forwarded to any part of the country for FII DRJOIN SC A N dd , [Drawer 404. Office. 95 Alain EL :Buffalo, N. Y. je27:lyrdaw BIRMINGHAM COMIIIERCI*IL COLLEGE, ACA-DENY, College Diamond _Bleir4lugPans TERMS; CASH ON ENTRANCE. For Ornanent.ll Writing .9 . ol.Tiral; palittuted plain ' ti ) Writingond pook.-heep n N.BitAFFEß,i'roh,sorof Writirigandlik-Rce ping - LEITHIIVD, d"refeasor of Penrriatishp, -- C. Y. WELLS:Prorcesor of .13cedf-dilCitipingdmit Coin merciarealctlationik BENT, w„ B, p 0 1,T014, Let!tnrer hna Gen. 1:;114.1/311bjeefff."; RON. R. P. FLENNIKEN, Ex.-U. S. Minister to Pen h:Lark, a. member 'of the Pitnburgh -Ilan , . Lecturer en pROF.I.I.F.S.A.TON, Lecturer on Elocution. -may Call tindact , tthat has never been before attempi..ii by penmen,: namelT Specimens rit ,Cirttatnentat and Prshticidj'erananship <a:n=4,U .in.;ticisr.prasesee, in the ishnrl i s t =at frOm ta seconds upwards, o cling at $1,50 per week. Birmingham Ferry rree'foritudents. Entronce Mang time. For apecuriens-. tirothhandlausitiesS Writing, postve sumps, Aindaddrees G. EL LEITIIE.A.D, Principal -'l3/34dava Pokibur&h. Pa. Rev. Martin Moore, Thos. Star King, Briggs, .4ylinilus Cobb, Edward Edtnunds 140 Wood odi•eal. EIRE
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