MEMPHIS PREARES FOR
BlG AVIATION MEETING
Will Be First Authoriz:d Affair East
of the Rocky Mountains.
AERIAL CODE IS DRAFTED
National Club Presents Suggestions
for Regulation of Traffic
to Premier,
Memphis, Tenn.—A National avia-
tion meet has been arranged for April
6, 7, 8 and 9, here, at which Glen Cur-
tiss, his assistant, Charles Hamilton,
and Charles Willard will be the prici-
pal operators of aeroplanes. The avi-
aors have promised to try to estab-
lish new records for height and dis-
tance. :
Considerable, interest is attached to
the meet because it is the first aero-
nautical meet sanctioned by the Na-
tional body to take place east of Ari-
zona. The other meets were at
‘Phoenix and Los Angeles. The big
meet at St. Louis several years ago
was confined to balloons and dirigi-
bles. Only heavier-than-air Machines
will be eligible here.
Paris Aero Regulations.
Non-partisan judges from other cit-
jes with the latest mechanical instru-
ments for measuring the height and
distance traveled by the aeroplanes
wil] officiate. An aero club has been
organized and admitted to the mem-
bership of the Aero Club of America,
so that the records made will be of-
ficial.
Paris—Rules and regulations . con-
trolling the navigation of the air de-
signed to meet the new and complex
problems arising from the develop-
ment have been formulated by the
Aero Club of France and have been
submitted to the French government
as this basis of a national law. The
code, elaborated ' after much study,
aims to meet the rights and interests
of all—of the aeroplanist and ballonist
fiitting through space, and om man
and man’s property on the earth be-
jow.
Following are some of the club’s
puggestions:
Want Aerial Routes Marked.
Aerial craft, whether aeroplanes or
dirigible ‘balloons, must not circulate
lower than 150 feet above private prop-
erty. Flighting above cities requires
a permit from the municipalities.
Flighting in fog is not allowed-and the
transportation of explosives, except
hunting ammunition, is prohibited.
The fixation of general aerial routes is
recommended as a way of avoiding
collisions and dirigible balloons should
keep off a certain distance from
' spherical balloons to the end that if
explosions or other accidents happen
‘to the dirible machines the spherical
may not be endangered.
For the protection of the aeronaut
it is recommended that proprietors of
high buildings, and other structures be
required to illuminate their property
at night at each level of 250 feet,
while all electric wires and conduits
strung above 150 feet from the ground
should be marked each 600 feet with
a white flag by day and a white light
by night. Other suggestions relate
to the establishment of aerial “ports
of access’ to large cities.
STILL FIGHTING CANNON
Scheme to Have a Non-Partisan Speak-
er of House.
Washington—Many of the insurg-
ent Republicans of the house who vot-
ed to retain Speaker Cannon in the
chair are ‘hearing from home,” ac-
cording to reports in circulation about
the capitol. Those advices are said
to be not at all reassuring.
Following close upon this informa-
tion come statements from several
that the war against “Cannonism” is
to go on to the extent of ultimately
causing the dethronement of Speaker
Cannon, the election of his successor
and the complete reformation of the
rules of the house.
A proposition to remove Speaker
Cannon by means of the combined
vote of Democrats and insurgents and
substitute in his place Asher C. Hinds,
the parliamentarian of thé house, is
one of the plans which several insur-
gents advocated. The idea of plac-
ing in the speaker’s chair a pure par-
liamentarian, not a member of the
house, who would be entirely unin-
fluenced by considerations of partisan
advantage, was pointed out by Repre-
sentative Poindexter of Washington
_ and others as the logical and proper-
course. Under the constitution the
house may choose a speaker who is
not a member of the body.
FORTCAST ON CENSUS
Durand Thinks It will
91,000,000.
Boston—In looking over the New
England census field Dr. BE. Dana Du-
rand, ‘the national superifitendent,
said that by June 1 he hoped to UT
able to report the taser of inha™s
tents in the United States, probably
between 88,000,000 and 91,000,000.
The great army of enumerators, con-
sisting of 75,000 men and women, will
move on April 15 and will cover the
cities in 15 days and the rural sec-
tions in 30 days. It will take four
months to cover the manufacturing Ia-
terests'and three years to tabulate and
study ‘the vast undertaking,
Show About
SENATE DECLINES TO
: HAVE ITSELF MASSAGED
Masseur and His $1,800 Salary Indig-
nantly Booted Out of Supply Bill
Washington—The isenate passed the
bill making appropriations for the sup-
port of the legislative, executive and
judicial branches of the government.
The bill carries an appropriation of
more than $34,000,000. But that is
‘| not the story.
The only item in the bill which
aroused oy discussion was one appro-
priating $1,800 for the payment of a
masseur o officiate in the marble bath
room in the new senate office building.
Discussion developed the fact that
the bath rooms had been ordered a
long time ago and the superintendent
of the “building had provided attend-
ants for them. Some senators spoke
of them as necessary, Mr. Bailey had
his, doubts as to whether the senator
from Kansas would have any need of
them. Senator Sutherland said he dic
at home the little bathing he did and
he thought that if there was to be a
masseur, there also should be a man-
icurist and a valet.
After much conferring and general
debate Messrs. Hale and Scott by a
combined effort knocked out of the
bill the masseur with his $1,800 sal-
ary.
CALLS STRIKE AT POLLS
Pennsylvania Federation of Labor
; Urges Every Union Man to
Vote for Clean Politics.
Wilkes-Barre, Pa.—It was decided at
the meeting of the executive council
of the state federation of labor to call
a state wide strike in Pennsylvania In
sympathy with the striking street car
men of Philadelphia. This action was
due to the fact that the textile and
other workers of Philadelphia today
called off their sympathy strike.
At the conclusion of the meeting
President Greenawalt issued the fol-
lowing statement: “The deliberations
of the executive council of the Penn-
sylvania State Federation of Labor
iduring the past two days have been
concluded. The general strike propo-
sition was given careful consideration
and the conclusion reached that so
drastic a remedy should not be applied
except as a last resort.
“Notwithstanding this decision it is
nevertheless the purpose of the Penn-
sylvania State Federation of Labor to
call a general statewide strike and to
call qn every citizen to drop his usual
occupation next election day and
strike at the ballot box for clean pol-
itics and honest government.”
TOWN ALMOST WIPED OUT
Flames Level Mt. Hope, W. Va., Caus-
"ing a Loss of $200.000.
Mt. Hope, W. Va.—Two hundred
families were deprived of homes and
shelter by a fire which wiped out prac-
tically the entire town. Over 300
homes and buildings were destroyed,
at a loss of $200,000, and practically
every one of the 1,500 residents of the
village sustained a loss of some kind
Of the 200 families made homeless.
practically everything that they own-
little was rescued from the homes be-
fore the houses were burned down was
later destroyed in the streets before it
could be removed to places of safety.
But four houses remain intact.
So destitute are these families th=*
appeal has been made to the governor
for aid and a detail of the Nationai
Guard under Lieut. H. B. Cornwall
has been ordered here, together with
tents, provisions and supplies.
WAGE INCREASE FOR FIREMEN
Twelve Hundred Employes of Lehigh
Valley Railroad Will Benefit.
South Bethlehem, Pa.—Twelve hun-
dred firemen, employed on the Buffalo,
Easton, Jersey City, Perth Amboy,
Sayre and Coxton divisions of the Le-
high Valley railroad, will be given an
increase 11 vas follows:
Light freight engines, $2.70 per day,
instead of $2.60; other engines, $2.50,
instead of $2.40; local freight engines,
$2.70, instead of $2.60; miscellaneous
passenger service, $2.30, instead of
$2.20.
Through passenger trainmen will re-
ceive a uniform increase of 25 cents
per trip. A day’s work is to be 10
bours, or less, or 100 miles or less,
and a half day’s work 50 miles or five
hours,
Such was the announcement made
here by General Manager J. F. Magulre
following a conference with a com-
mittee of firemen representing the
several divisions.
ADDS 25 INSPTCTORS
Collector Loeb Increases New York
Customs Force Because Liners
Dock After Nightfall.
"Vashington—Twenty-five inspectors
will be added to the customs force in
New York city to meet the situation
caused by the docking of the big
ocean steamers after nightfall. Ar-
rangements to the end were made at
a meeting between Secretary Mac-
Veagh, Mr. Curtis, the assistant secre:
tary of the treasury in charge of cus-
toms, and William Loeb, Jr., collector
at New York.
s
Gunboat Ordered to Santo Domingc.
Washington, D. C.—The Navy De-
partment ordered the gunboat Padu-
cah, now at Havana, to proceed to
Santo Domingo. The situation there
is politically disturbed ard it is deem-
ed wise to have an American warship
convenient in case the trouble becomes
more acute.
ed in the world was destroyed. What]
RID MEN CRITICIE
PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
Former Governor and Ex-Secretary
Talk About Extravagance.
EXTRAVAGANCE IS SCORED
Unbusinessiike Methods Are Blamed
~ for Nation’s Heavy Expenditures
—Honest Effort Needed.
Cleveland—The Republican adminis-
tration was arraigned here before the
Tippecanoe elub by former Governor
Myron T. Herrick, who charged it with
gross extravagance and asserted that
the high tariff was necessitated by the
immense revenue required by unbusi-
nesslike government methods.
Mr. Herrick was preceded by James
R. Garfield, former secretary of the
interior, ‘who warned the Republican
party that the country was impatient
for the fulfillment of its pledges and
that inaction or makeshift legislation
would not be tolerated. Mr. Herrick,
concurring in Mr. Garfield’s remarks,
declared that the time has come for
the Republican party to “revamp” its
doctrines. He said:
“We must regulate the men who are
running the government. Throughout
the country, from the municipalities
and states on up to the capitol at
Washington, there is t's grossest ex-
travagance. Any department of the
government could be run by a man
who could run a bank or factory at
one-half of the cost of the present sys-
tem.
Tariff Due to Needs.
“There has ‘been a great outcry
about the high tariff, but that tariff
was framed by men who knew that
they must have an enormous revenue
to support the gross extravagance of
the government. One of the greatest
menaces that confront us today is the
great bonded debts which in time must
break down credit.”
In the course of his remarks Mr.
Garfield said:
“The Republican party owes its sue-
cess to the fact that all its great ach-
ievements have been progressive and
aggressive. Where it has in succes-
sive campaigns urged its history as a
reason for a renewed vote of confi-
dence, it has placed its main strength
on the fact that it looked to the fu-
ture rather than to the past.
“Whenever any party fails to be
progressive that moment its usefulness
begins to wane. It is a part of wis-
dom and courage to hold fast to a pm-
sition gained as a vantage point in a
great campaign, but the chief benefit
of such a position is lost unless it is
used for further progress. This Is
the wide difference between the pres-
ent day ‘standpatter’ and the ‘progres- |
sive.
About the Standpatter.
“The ‘standpatter’ is content to rest
upon the fight that has been made and
deceive himself with the belief that
further contest is unnecessary. The
‘progressive,’ on the other hand, re-
cognizes that whatever of good has
been obtained is but a small fraction
of what ought to be obtained, that
whatever vantage point has been gain-
ed, is but a single step of the many
that must be taken in the long con-
test for securing the objects for which
our nation was created.”
MAINE WILL BE RAISED
House Passes Bill to Remove Wrecked
Battleship From Havana Harbor.
Washington—The hulk of the ill-
fated battleship Maine, sunk in the
harbor of Havana, will be raised so
that the bodies of any of the sailors
that may be within the wreck may be
recovered and so that an examination
may be made to determine, if possible,
the manner in which the vessel was
destroyed, if the senate approves a
Lill passed by the house.
The bodies of sailors that ‘might be
recovered would be interred in Ar-
lington cemetery, on the Virginia
shore opposite Washington. The mast
of the Maine would be erected in the
cemetery near the graves of the
Maine dead.
As passed by the house the bill was
changed in its general terms, so as to
authorize the work to be done under
the direction of the engineer corps of
the army with the consent of the re-
public of. Cuba.
INDICT TWELVE FOR RIOT
Leading Citizens in Trouble at Cairo,
Hlinois. :
Cairo, Iill.—Twelve indictments for
rioting were returned by a grand jury
investigating the attack on the Alex-
ander county jail on February 17,
when one man in the mob was killed
and several injured. Those indicted
are: '
George B. Walker, newspaperman;
Frank German, an alderman; Jdmes
Davidge, former deputy circuit clerk;
ee Watson, stock dealer; Samuel Wes-
singer, special agent of the Big Four
Railroad and a deputy sheriff; W. R.
Simpson, manager of a lumber com-
pany; James Casey, former police-
man; J. B. Scott, blacksmith; W, C.
Charles, liveryman; O. P. Hurd, Jr,
president of a lumber company; John
Maloney, wagon manufacturer. The 12
were released on bonds. The mod
was repulsed while trying to take
John Pratt, a negro purse-snatcher,
from jail to lynch him.
§
TWO BATTLESHIPS WANTED
House Naval Committee Reports Bill
Carrying $129,037,602.
Washington—The naval appropria-
tion bill, carrying $129,037,602, was re-
ported to the house by the naval com-
mittee. This amount is about $2,000,
000 less than the department’s esti
mates. The bill provides for a naval
Increase of two first-class battleships,
one repair ship, two fleet colliers and
five submaries. Representative Hob
son of Alabama submitted a minority
report favoring four battleships.
With reference to dry docks, the
majority report says that a total of
$6,329,250 is distributed among the
navy yards, the principal recommen-
dations being for the enlargement of
the principal docks to accommodate
the great battieships now building
and to be built. It is proposed to
lengthen them to 110 feet and deepen
them to a depth of 35 feet,
The military academy appropriation
bill carrying $1,856,649 was passed by
the senate.
HUSBAND OF 24 SENTENCED
Zimmercan Father of 19 Including Six
Twins.
New York—Arthur F. Zimmerman,
the impressive looking foreigner said
to have posed as “Baron Von Lichten
stein” when seeking matrimonial alli-
ances with -title-loving women of
means. was sentencel in the Brooklyn
county court to from four years and
eight months to nine years and six
months in prison. He was convicted
on a charge of perjury in having
sworn falsely that he was unmarried
when applying last April for a license
to marry a Brooklyn woman.
Judge Dike, in imposing sentence,
scored Zimmerman severely for having
married 24 women since 1872. Zim-
merman has 19 children, six of whom
are twins. He is under indictment
for bigamy.
GREAT POLITICAL CHANGE
in Massachusetts Brings Big
Surprise.
Brocton, Mass.—The national polit:
ical weather cock turned Democratic
ward in Massachusetts when the Old
Colony section, one of the Republican
strongholds of the State, placed Eu
gene N. Foss of Boston, one of the
country’s leading exponents of recl-
procity with Canada, in the congress
ional seat of the late William C. Lov
ering. Mr Foss accomplished what
was regarded as almost a political
miracle, turning a Republican plura:
ity of 14,250 into a Democratic victory
of 5,840. The vote was:
Eugene N. Foss of Boston (Dem.)
14,980.
William R. Buchanan
(Rep.) 9,340.
Vote
of Brocton
SITE CHOSEN FOR
GUARD MANEUVERS.
Militia of Five States and District of
Columbia at Gettsburg July 15.
Washington—The National Guard of
the District of Columbia, together with
‘the State militia of Maryland, Virginia,
Pennsylvania, Delaware and New Jer-
sey, will go into camp at Gettysburg,
Pa., and vicinity, beginning July 15.
Upon the famous battlefield will oc-
cur the next joint maneuvers between
the Eastern States militia and district
and regular army forces. A part ot
the site was selected by Captain B.
H. Wells, quartermaster of the United
States army, on a farm a few miles
north of Frederick, Md., near the Get:
tysburg field.
BIG FIGHT PRICES
It Will Cost from $5 to $50 to See the
Battle.
San Franciso—Seats for the Jeffries:
Johnson fight here July 4, will range
from $5 to $50 according to an of
ficial statement by Tex Rickard, one
of the promoters. It was originally
plannel to charge from $10 to $10v,
but Rickard declared that after con
sidering the subject they had come
to the conclusion they could make
enough money at the reduced prices.
He says there will be 30,000 seats,
and, striking a rough average of some:
thing like $22 a seat, there will be
over $650,000 inthe box office.
Sues Santa Fe for $265,000.
Oklohoma City, Okla.—Charging the
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad
Company with vilating the State pro
hibition law ‘in having stored liquors
consigned to local dealers, John M.
Hayes, a State enforcement attorney,
has filed on behalf of the State suits
aggregating $365,000 against the com:
pany. The maximum penalty for vio
lation of the prohibition laf is $1,000
a day.
Three Are Killed in Wreck.
Lexington, Ky.—Three trainmen
were killed and 12 other passengers
were injured in a collision between
two freight trains on. the Kentucky
Central division of the Louisville &
Nashville railway at White Station,
Ky. The trains met head-on, and
were piled in a heap.
. Packers Summoned.
Chicago—The 27 firms and individ
uals accused by the government in its
suit to dissolve the National Packing
Cempanv were served with summons
es dire ting them to appear in court
in response to the charges.
Hints on the care of Earth Roads.
The U. S. Office of Public Roads
says:
“We may recognize the value of
hard and durable roads in all parts of
' the country, but still the fact remains
{ that for a long time to come the ma-
. jority of the roads will be composed
of earth. Furthermore, in about nine
months out of the year the earth
road, if properly care for, is reason-
ably satisfactory.
“For many agricultural districts
it is the only road at present avail-
able. Hence, these communities
should set themselves seriously to
work to learn the best methods of
maintaining earth roads and of get-
ting the maximum service for them.
“Prosperity comes to the country
to a great extent through the ‘pros-
perity of the farmers. This fact
strongly suggests the importance of
giving the earth roads every possible
care and attention in its location,
drainage, construction and mainte-
nance.
‘“An earth road, composed of wa-
ter-holding soil, should be exposed
to the sun and air as freely as pos-
sible, as comparison between the
shaded and sunny portions of such a
road will easily indicate. This should
be accomplished by clearing a suffi-
cient amount of trees and under-
growth away from the road. It must
be remembered, however, that sandy
and gravely roads require moisture,
and in these cases some shade should
be retained. Furthermore, trees are
beneficial along river banks and on
steep grades subject to washing,
“Drainage is one of the most im-
portant points to consider in connec-.
tion with an earth road. The ma-
jority of earth roads in all moun-
tainous and hily districts have too
much drainage. Occasionally a road
will be found with five ditches, three
in the middle, made by the horses’
hoofs and by the wheels of the ve-
hicles and two on the sides. All well-
constructed earth roads are supposed
to have no more than two ditches,
one on each side of the traveled road-
way.
“Keep the water out of the middle
of the road by giving it a crown or
elevation in the centre of 714 inches
above the top of the inner slope of
the ditch for a twenty-foot road, and
where the hills are a little steep make
the crown ten inches. With a crown
of about one inch to the foot from
the centre to the sides the ditches,
which are often Built across the road
on steep grades to deflect the water,
will not be needed.
“Instead of carrying water across
the road in open ditches, tile or con-
crete drains should, if possible, be
provided. They should have sufficient
capacity and fall to carry the maxi-
mum amount of water that is ex-
pected to flow through them at any
one time. ?
“The capacity is increased in pro-
portion to the fall or grade; for in-
stance, twelve-inch pipe laid on a one
per cent, grade will carry 1800 gal-
lons per minute, while the same pipe
laid on a two per cent. grade will
carry 2500 gallons per minute. Fur-
thermore, a culvert laid flat will soon
fill up, while one having a good in-
cline will keep itself clear.
“In the maintenance of an earth
road avoid the mistake of changing
the natural order of things. Naturally
if the soil is reversed in construct-
ing a road, the result will be less
satisfactory than if the soil be left
at the top of the road, for soil makes
a better surface to a road than clay.
“If the roadbed is largely clay to
start with, it will be well to place
sandy soil or clean sand on top. A
covering of six to ten inches of sand
upon clay that persists in breaking
up into deep mudholes will usually
be satisfactory, and if sand enough
be added this clay will cease to make
mud. If the roadbed is composed
of said sand it can be improved by
an application of clay.—Boston Post.
I
’
Modern “Roman Road.”
The nearest approach we have to
the Roman road to-day is the best
type of paving brick, laid on a con-
crete foundation with a two-inch sand
cushion, and this type of road suits
automobile traffic admirably, but is
very hard on the feet of horses. As
far as I have observed the concrete
foundations, both for brick pave-
ments and asphalt streets, rarely
crack except from faulty foundations.
The contraction cracks, therefore, I
believe, are due to no fault in the
cement, but to the great range of
temperature to which the road sur-
face is. subjected, and the fact that
it is generally laid during the warm-
‘est season of the year, when expan-
sion is greatest. This view is fur-
ther upheld when one considers that
concrete floors and pavements laid -
on earth foundations inside of build-
ings rarely crack.—Logan Waller
Page, Director of the U. S. Office of
Public Roads.
The Turkish government has
awakened to the nz=cessity of irriga-
1 tion and railroads.