THE PITTSBURGH GAZETTE. PIIBLIBEIED BY WIIrIC co HL...._,..,. TUESOLLY MORNING, OV. 0,3519 %tit Delia; per intee4 the iri-lyeetly rice muter. pre sinus; the Weekly le Twollollert per =tam, mica, UPArancriesas are earnestly Uganda:a usfiand lair rayon be br. u., and ar early in the day as Melinda*. • Afterlife:M.o net messed fora spun ' Awl that invariably be charged Beni elder .W ont. . . .. • - `PHILADICLPULa. ti WWII AILIGUICIAIS. . - Artrettbereents and ralerripeoes to theNerth Amer - tea and Vedder Bouts Gazette, Philadelphia, received and forwarded from this office. Mr/A= ICE= PAGE MR LAICA A L HATPFNIS - -TELM RAMIE NEWS, e. .11121311141 A HA= Roan:—The pee. pis a New Cagle have appointed a meeting to eronaider . the beat MUMS of &misting the construe tan of a eta read bum Erie, through Newcastle, ,to soma poiit on the Ohm and Pennsfirarga ILO Bead, neat lEreon:tf,atley. Dal. Cl TxxaxecHrruax—Quite a number o States hose fixed agoon the 29th of November sae day of Putihrthankagiving and Prayer, among 'Which are New York, Ohio, and Pehnsylvania. Conrrictertri-hituani.—The decision at Mr. Comptroller ,Whittlesey, is region to conetroctive totrage, Ms created , so little stir. A =tramps sight and hotionble tun than Mr. Whittlesey does not live, fad sakeii backed by the President, it gel be hard to move hint. The cads 4' simply thta, titre tightly understand the matter Mr. Pickens, the Secretary of the Some, at the Entre Session. called by the Presiii thin to act upon nolinations, allowed and paid honorable Senators mileage (or going home and returning orithe 4th day of March, Just as if Ithay bad performed such a feat in fact, end not in imagination, led that is called meanie mthisqre ! The Senktnrs were all preirent on .the 4th of March, at the close of the old seinen, and were present on the nth, at the commence . men; of the new,but were allowed mileage jued'as if they bad gone keine and returned between the sessions. The operation put come $40,00 loto the honorable Scanda l pockets, which Mi. Whit tlesey, an old fashioned, suraght forward man, thinks ought not to be there, and ha refines to e. low Mr. Sickens' account', and the President sus tains him, The consequence is Mr. Dickens must pocket the loss, or the Senators must disgorge, or Mr.:lWhittleirey must yield, or &Ingress most op- Pro Prim. eluneY.to rape Mr. Diekess. A correspondent of the )3altlrnore Sun, learns 'that the Attorney Gmetual,i Mr. Johoeou, will .give , an opinion contrary to Mr. Whitilesey. ,fie sere 'Mr. Johnson expressed' ti opinion, at the late .ion of Congreas, that- the Senators were entitled to the extra inileage. 1 The New York Tribune intimates tka . Underwood, of Ky., did not take ttea.mileege. tis ' e mistake; be did - "C-..... take it, and believes lamed( mitred to it. It was stand that Mr. Calhoun did not -rube it. This is also a mistake; Mr. Calhoun ii 'dialled that he i 5 entitled to it by law. Even, Senator took the extra mileage, except Gen. Cass, Mr. Eiverdy Johnson, and Mr. play let:, and all these were of the opinion that the . Senators were entitled to it. Mr. Cons could not with propriety take it, because he arrived only the day before the o:tn./Melee, and took his mileage in the 'regal= tension. Every Senator.will main tain the right of the Senate to this . extra mileage.' They will Lind means to over role the decision of the' Comptroller. ' Mr. Dallas, no Vim President, drew up an ar gument In support of the right of the Senators to this milemge, and left it with Mr. Secretary Dickena. Bir.Webater and Mr. Corwin pronounced the vim. meat to he unanswerable.. Notwithstanding this high authority, we feel m aned to aide with Mr. Whittlesey. It is high time • there was a stop put to such a construing cyf noney - fito the pockets of Members of Coegreas. We have no objection to paying one legislators a _fair salary. This - is Jest, and' is cameral to the preserntian a a (sir representation. Bet we olio. pogo this taking of money without the Caren of low, by orneiiretion. It Is dangerom, and liable to great abuses. . I /Craig - ration le COI/oral. An immense tide of emigration still rolls to Con tain* notwithstanding the tote accounts were any thing but flattering for the Gold Diiggma• The *maknance mom be that n great, and enterpris ing, and civilized .community, speaking the En. gtish binciage, and enjoying Anglo Saxon institu. Ilona Will speedily ba established on the Pacific. The Palornom American, of Friday last, yob admit tinst of sixty fire vesiels which have de. Parted from the United.§ales for California, daring the lam month, (October.) The list comprises 19 ahipa, 143 baignes, 17 begs, and 13 ischmoners— all of them, except bur, having sailed from skies eastward of this place. Thi American says: • "The greater proportion are ships of the largest class, but even by putting the average tonnage down st3oo tons, we have an aggregate lounge of 12,500 tons leaving the Atlantic ports in the short space of one month. for our distant poraseuions to the PllthlC: The departure. of California bound vessels has become a matter of each common De mure:die that In many instances the number of passengers isnot given, and therefore the number who hairs left during the month of October, by the ' Cope Nom 'Route, can Only be eatimated. Al lowing, but Sweaty passengers to each vessel, is which a low. estimale—many of the Luger vm eels which left Eastem.parts having been dispatch ed by lame associations who go out in them—and we have a total of thirteen hundred persons. Be sides thete, during the month, the steamships Em pire Crdy, Crescent City, and Ohio have sailed from N.Y. for Chaves, and the stimmaldps Falcon, Ala bama, and New Orleans, from New Orleans, for the same port' marrying together at lean onethous. and *Wieners. So that it may be safely catima. tea that dozing the month of October at least 2300 pumas have left the Cul* States, braes, bound to California.. The Boston Shipping Lis; gives the total num. bar Of vessels that have left the United Simms for 'California slnee4he beginning of the gold excite pima at bre hundred and severity three, as follows Ship* 199, barques 175, brigs 119, schoenen 83, sad steannis, 7. Of this number there had arrived at Ceitfosnia at the latest date one hundred and sixty seven, viz. ships 55, barques 45, brigs 35, admen= 28, and steamers 4. There are now upwards of a banded. vessels Up for California, viz. at Boston 30, New Bedford 6,Ne*baniport 6, Bangor 4, New York 27, Phila delphia 8, Baltimore 5, New Orleann.9,o2 l mr Purb 11—making a Will of 104; of whia'47 are ships, 21 barques, 29 hrigs,9 schooners, and 9 Stemmer. Arming the'paziengers 'in brig Grecian from N. Yor)c,,un Tuesday, for Calibrate, were fire ladies and DMA etdltiren. Three other vessels sailed Stun N. Y. the. Same day, with assorted cargoes, including several inns of coffins. The Commer cial seri: 'Tight or nine reveals wore taken op within the last week at N.Y. to load for California. the rites being 50 to GO cents per Mot, 53 per hbli 2 00' 13 per ton, and for lumber waSeo per thousand feet. Be aides theme there are thirty vessels of different dames ailrertised4 e rthe same destination?' -The ships and, Winn, with 161 Fuse gem, and the Argo ant, with 216, sailed from-Bos ton On Tuesday, Mikan Francisco, and the flared ton eleartid for the sane port. Among the Rich snood's cargo are 15 frame buildings, of which 3 are lane hotels.. .17easels continue to kale other Eastern porta for the some destination—three from Proridemoo late)).. and one from Nantucket, with . 50'mumengera Two vessels from Horton lately 70 to zoo° brick; besides other building stuff, provisions, hardware, .dec. Ittcsi's Nordwa Magarim, for November eoOlains eight original articles, on various abject* :Whalers& to commerce and trade, and the mid :emility of stationer, law cases, etc. - ,L,Arriersalsigirs Frae Institute, for October, :'hwell Gad with app ate mates. In this work rilitsbed all tba American Patents issued, .which lakes op ■ raanalderabbr portion of to pages, sad is aSetryszostithis 6;thuv. lbs V. S.. Treasures official statement or the moans b the risionslepositories and Sob-Treas. tubs, Ocsober 27,18!9. subject to draft, shows an SUPTsta of 117,571,9621K TM moans Tressury notea:antstanding, on tissue, is cedslly staled' IS be $2,245e. WitSarnCif 07 021110,!..AOCOIrding to an ad , 1001 1.111 riff NEW. (MOUS WWII, the COtton rows I Adams ke ter United . tates will enquire for Ott airg .0.f.5t4 , 1 fie rate of 470;000 bales of • cotton; 4440 lovemd• ea* pet mom; eqdal to 752.#X4/49 yobi tojkopoo 0/ exportation and 671,000P0k49rearolie trenteamption.• aeon film amnia akeo4l inhumes of popnta , Igeboos feamicralkorrad NINO is o.rae In its ram 4 MB inira6o *woo. goneAaaacint i.ttemotat,...94 learn from tlr Itiehonind papers tips uist of Sanine'l A. -4/104 a1+ 3 16 4. Wa Wit/died ells{ A llied , . • Am; tioosolgio O. Oren= to abeeond, • Ara awed at Tatadri was• st,atedia of Play, "Oro* ate tens ciaraittnatit in the pent.. iantlity so *or pito•and mail& A sada ',a Ma/ Pik tar *ad/et, an the pound dwo O Ira. maul io ..tie wrilkoo,.. Tb. Cows AMMO* r4.* . • • , ;, "~ ~'.;h''r~.?. =`?anti Tta RAM Psztseliteis owe the doubtful basks ofthe country, begirt to go, the thing, as it were, becomes contagion. and therefore all should "like time' by the Gareloek' The New York' Express, of Tuesday eve sing,says that: the James Bank, of that State, codmines in bad eider. The following was tuned from the office q f Thomp ewes Bank . Note Reporter, in New rorkii 00 Tuesday: The Plammehatins county Bank failed on Bat - The the 21th of October. It will be some one before we can forma paid ides of thii value of its notes- Misstate Bank at Morris Wed on the 79th Oct. We cannot at present qoare the sakesf the cotes a dds bank. The Bank of Batista:l Is mill rededmed, and from the agent and principal owner i 4se are of opinion that it will be sustained. Now You, Om 22,1349. To the Book Note Reporter: I fruarrantee to the holders of the Mites of the - tack of Salsbury, and to those who may hereafter hold them', that I will redeem all such .notes, on demand, at I per cent discount. E. Novorrona. J. Thompson,Fsq. I th The New York Tribune utast° "If thacirculation of the Bank of abury be only to a moderate amount, of whi matter we have no knowledge, we presume the ibove guar antee is good." PVINITLVARIAII.I I . OO3 Lai - rm.—At the let ing in JOhnstown, thirteen sections, comprising the heaviest work on the portion cline line be. tweed JOhnitown and a point within about three miles of this place, were alloted to contractors, as follows: Section No. 55, Wm. P. Sterret de Co; No. 56, Patrick McEvoy; No. 57,614/mous ar. Reilly; No. 56,i:denim, Pandit Martin, No. 59, Caogbling, Chartere 6: Co.; No 00, Easton. Adams & Co.; No. 61, Skeen, Xing St Patterson; No. 67, Given McKelvey de Given; No. 71, Bernard McGrann; No. 75, McGee 6: Gillespie; No. 76, Jones Sc Fen ton; No; 77, /once Sc Fenton; No. 601 Power, Mer riman di Linton. The work to to be commenced'Within twest ty days, and finished by the spring of lfi6l. The remaining sections on this p rt of the line, we understand, will not be given o until further action 1,. taken by the Board Directors.— Bfatratrlf/s Ape:eta:am CLLDLa ANNIEUTION.—IIegoI • ion. - in favor of the i i nnexatiotrof Canada to the Milted Stater, have hien iatroduced into both oases of the Vermotit Lnislature.. Papers of ..I parties ad• vocate ithe measure, too, together! with political meetings and Conventions in ail pens of the Northern States. The following was recently adopted by the 'Tree Democracy" isf Ptitnam noun ty, DL lilisuilerd, That we aro in favor f the peacefal annexation of Canada to the Unit d Strata and that we villas° all legal- and peadeable means to that effect. Masnacitoserra.—The Free Soi era and the Le, enrocds in the Wth District of Mitarnehmaifts, have It would appear, forgot Meir "trim differences," and t s tve cordially embraced. elrett of this mill the choice of Mi. Palfrey is the member of Coniyinsa from that district. FROM NEW YORK Correspondence of the Pinsbufgh Gazette. - '•Zigee Yonc, Nor 1, 1519. The last autumn month has cortL, and with it a amali allow, sprinkle of to remind pie that win ter ism hand, and that water comrnleation with the West will aeon be suspended. We shall have the Hudson open for a month y t, but the canal will abort go into winter quarters. Thee part of the North River along. which—the udson Railroad runs, can now freesia and thaw its leisure. The cam run from Centel street, and w nth as good lock on the whole road as upon that part now open, we Can get to Albany; in three hours and a half easy. The general ratification meeting was held fag night, and if nog' symptoms before an election fore tell a &none victory, the %Vhige are certain of enceinte, to the fullest extent. The little equabbles that turning law up to the day of election have *god, and we shall meet the destrectives with an unbroken front. • Financially there in httle news here. Thereon cohstant dow of specie to Europe, but no it is more than replaced by the receipts from the inte rior,it causes no remark, far our Winch of gold ie . supenboadant. !denim. dollars are I per coo t premium hare, wad few . oi r them can go abroad' with the rate of sterling bills, at 1101,0110. The demand for hdla yesterday was not large, and rates rather drag. United Status' *tech we rath er dull to day, in consequence of an abatement in the demand on Eurohean account.. Fancy stock". are firm, and some of them in good demood for peimanerd investment, such as Harlem, Mama River, and Erie, which last road is earning et the rate of a million and a quarter per annum. The fashionables are getting their white kids ready to atter.d the opening Of the Opera wawa to might, at which the new tenor, Signor Forti, mares his debut, Five buidred people have nob scribed, which give, the Manager n nightly sum o f seven hundred sod fifty dollars amen, which will be swelled to two thousand by the. casual ',Wier.: a sum that should give a good deal of pleasure.— Vie Opera here is what 'Munch's" is to the gay weed of London, a place where one can see and ba seen, and have an idea of what fortunes and faces are in the mother, in a face alone would be qaita unsaleable. egie " International Art Union" opened a verrel- t gallery of Paleness last night, to a private ' pa y of some few hundreds, who tatted no fault wt that part of the entertainment which address ed itself to the national senses. The pleturceof• fared are very fine, and so great is the enthitsiism for chances in - -picture lotteries, which all Art. Velotur are after all, that a good business will be done by Messrs. Gotipel. Vibert & Co. Powers' Sculpture, now on exhibition, attracts crowds of visitor,. Tbe original mettle of the Greek Slave, ciecuted Tor Mr. Robb, of New Or leans, that gentleman has recently sold . to the Western Art Union, at Cincinnati, for 53,300, pay able In Mae months. Thie is considereble more than Mr. Robb paid for the work, (600/)'and we mild have wishedthe profit had accrued to the benefit of Mr. Powers, nutter than his wealthy. patron. . - • The literary World ups that the Greek Slave, now on exhibition here, has been purchased by the Smithsonian Institute. Who will not be glad to ace so beautiful a work of en American Artist, the property of the country There is quite an epidemic in banks just now, and the timid may get lot{, if they put faith in all the *mins started by the broken sod the tele. graph. Because country bankers will tiot 'pay 'black mail, tb "bank note reporters," their institu tions are cried doWn, when they have in the hands of the State, more oaeetto than will redeem all the liabilities by wh eh the pubho can suffer. Mr. Chalets L Reason, an artist of this city, has bean elected Prokwor id Central College, at Mc. Grawvllte, New York, of which Rev. C. P. Grob- Tema, formerly of Utica, is President. He is the first gentleman of color, who has been elected to a College Priksiwnhip in this country. A come. pendent of the Christian Contributor, weak, of his inaugural melon as being "full of dear, compre !missive, philosophical thought, clothed in a neat and classical drew. ! As the mutter to now due, dealers in Cotton and Grain are not anxious to operate. Cotton may be quoted 91012}, ascii:emu. Flour it firm, and pure Genesee is utleabfe at 15,18X01, .w.n.i. are cheaper, and at the hist publio $ ale good deal was taken in, whole bilges sold at 52A5, and 92,00 is the top rate now. All sorts of grain are station" sty, but the demand la gOod all kinds of barrelled ptomains are Es before. Lord in libls 61.e61. Whiskey, 2111. Wool, no change; c. to tor It—ltoor to got out of It. Once on a ume there way a gentleman lobo won an elephant at a riffle. It was a very fine elephant, and very cheap. at tbe price the gentleman paid for lea chance. But the gentleman had no place to put it in. Nobody would take it oil his hands. - Ile couldn't afford to feed lc , He was afraid of the law If he turned idoorie ni -1 to the wreet. He was too humane to let It starve. He woo afraid to shoot it. la alert, he Was in a perplexity very ; antral to a gentleman with moderate manta, j- small /WM, COMMOP feelings of humming, nd—on elephant. , France has von her elephant at Rom • . She hes brought bank the Pope. She Ls at her wlt's 'maybe' to do adz. him. She wind abet the Popo and the'tardinals; beeaulie shin interfered In the cause liberty. She can't act With Austria: benause A WWI! is stroke°. She cant act against Austria, because France is eonserratioe and peacefuL She oat continue her army in Rome, because it is 401 treated with"respeet. fitie stet withdraw her army from Rome, be. ernes that would be to seultif herald. She can't go krrerstd, beamse she instated on Shelnals pepki going batkward. can't o backward, because the French pes. pie insist an ' her ping inward. She east - ekxee the wrong, because public o teen her to the right. Sne cant cheese the right be eotueue ber own die. hoseety.hss ibreed her le the wrong. . In one word, she is onlkustorna of a-dilemma, and the more she twists the*more iberply she feels the points en which she is. impaled. like a reek. ebalw M cabinet, thr the kneed= slam cirri. ate bt the lighter and MOTO Millatig species afFa L 1 nobody take her wo.&ns bar. gain °lbw hands! Rome Is bet beak imp. - She bought it dear onotrit, but east. pt rid of is •at Noel Pio:. Tither and the 'Turks. While we we awaiting, with intense anxiety, the decision of the Crar Nicholas, on which hap. to all human probability, the ate of the Tartish Empire for years to come, if not its futons eiikence, there is a natural curiosity Yo know something more definite about the Turks and Tur key. We are able to gratify our readers in this moped, by presenting them with the Wowing in teresting second, which we find in a letter to the • New York Coterie+ and Enoteirer, dated "Cowran rinspie, April 43, PAP. rurauv soctarr. We naturally regard the Turk. as a species o outeide.barberiens, and it is a little difficult to ear vey them with e perfectly unprejudiced eye; yet an honest view affords much that can be contemplated with eatisfaction. Their gravity of Mein soberness of gait, and rich flowing robes give :hem en air of gentlemanly dignity, to pleasing contrast with the , hurried expression, the impertinent carriage, and the stiff angular garments of Franke; and there is n natural ease and delicacy in their social torms Sod etiquette, that is far superior to any thing onficarily observed at home. Personal clean. films in not among them as among ye • "half Leg looted "nand virtue," but a scrupulous Mlfilled re. Jinja.' obligation. Propriety and courtesy dist tiogniah their mutant intercourse, and hospitality rendered to all without distinction of country or condition, it is Inviolable duty. Quarrelling is extremely rare among them, and their treatment Of the brute creation is fee hinder than ours, The, Koran prescitnes the giving of one tenth of their In come to charitable. purpose', and benevolence with them in no transient impulse; ut an abiding sacred principle. I look here in vain for the stolidity and beggary that used to 'meet my eyes every where in la belle France and uMerrie Eng. land." Intemperance,the curse of so many chrie tiao lands, is driven away from the followers of the Prophet by the divine law which forbids the runt of wine. The (anthem, for which the Turks are reproached, is not the etopid folly it is repro rwnted. They ore as earned in averting calamity as other men, but when calamity come., with sub lime resignation, they are Andy to execlalea "God bath willed it." In truth sad honesty they are inferior to few other people, and are certainly far superior to the lea's and Christians that dwell a mong them. Amours and intrigues and conjugal infidelity prevail to a certain extent in their social life, but far less than in France, which calla itself the midreas of modern civilisation; and public prostitution among them has no local habitation and hardly a name. Polygamy is tolerated by the the law, bat public opinion decidedly condemn. it. • It ID the magistrates of the land only who have a plurality of wives; even they have seldom more than two or three. and the Sultan himself never more than seven. The Koran permits husbands to chastise and divorce their wives at pleasure; but these.privileges are not often abused. Children are trained to honor and submit to their parents, and great aXection and kindness usually pervade their family relations. The women, instead of be. ing kept in strict restraint so, generally imagined, are in reality more free than in any contlneetal country of Western Europe. They repair to the mosques, range rho bazars. and ride into the coun try on pleasure parties in perfect liberty. Multi nodes of them of all classes •go every Friday un attened to the valley of the Sweet Waters, flee race isp the Golden Horn. I have been among them there, and have seldom beheld more unres trained and yet innocent enjoyment. It is true that blehometan females ere not allowed to ap pear in public unveiled; bin this is no treat hard ship, since the yorherc, which is of white muslin, is usually, especially if the face is pretty, an thin and transparent that the features are easily discer nable. The Sultartefrequently ensue edicts, pre scribing the thickness of the veils, and the mode of wearing them. but woman'. will.is the same ev ery where, and that compliance is but temporary. Besides this, infringement of the natural r i ghts of the female countenance in Turkey, is in a meas. are cormidnsated by the privilege of arraying the bomm ad Jrairees in the fashion of the beauties— "Ily Su Peter Lely • Whose drapery hints, we may admire them freely." It is true, that among Meliometang, women are not ranted no high in the scale of creation as men; but the prevailing idea, that females are here deemed to have no sotils.:is a strange mistake— They are regarded as immortal beings, and an subject to religious obligations and responsibilities. Husbands may or may not, as they please, admit their wives to share with the Holmes their love in the abodes °fillies hereafter; butihe wives who are excluded are neither annihilated nor damned but go to dwell in separate appropriate places At enjoyment 4 Milan ar.staxty. Slavery 'lglesias no Turkey, but with none of its blacker elements. Its type in much like that of the slavery of ancient S'eripture times. The slave, instead of being a soulless chattel, is really a mem• brr of his master's family. He is neither despised nor degraded; he possesses his rights and bin lot vilemm, and has many licintien for elevating his social condition. His eaTionlsory term of service to only 7 years, and when he leaves his mower, the latter is bound to settle open him peons. He is subjected to no ouch task work as is im.; poSed upon the American slave, since his business • k not held labor, bui attention to the personal wnots oh his master. Slaves in Turkey frequently rise to the highest places of trust and dignity, and become Seraskiers and even Viziers. Thb son in law of the late Sultan was or.ginally a Georgian slave. Circassian slaves ate now comparatively sore, not, however on account of any unwilling ness on the pall of Circassian parents . .to entrust their children to Turkish centre!, hat because the Russians prevent As much as possible tbcr ex portation from the Black Sea pont. The few that in spite of all obstacles find their way to CJOAAII7 tinople, are never exposed to pablic sate, but are In be purchased only at a few prtvate houses in the suburb of Tophane. There is even no longer a market for b l ack African slaves. It was abolished by the late Sultan:and will never again be toles med. ILICLiaI.S FELLING. The Tasks still continue to wash with "Oriental scrupulosity," and to recite their nave,aa five times a day with a punctiliousness , tint cannot be sur passed. The mass of the people yet exhibit a fidelity nod devotlon to their faith, that ought to make Christians blush for shame. But the Moslem religion has lost mach of its fire , and energy. It has abated its fierce intolerance, and now, though it still threatens apostacy with death, it seldom in. salts and never persecutes those who have never been the followers of the Prophet. The upper chow of society are generally infidels, and conform externally to the regulations of the Koran, only from feu of the civil law sod of public opinion. The great body of the people cling to their religion, not from fanaticism, bat because it, is interwoven with all their clad and social relation,,and is com pletely identified with.the history of t heir country. They know their creed'only in its broad females. Having no priesthood, they receive, but little re ligimie instruction. Ignorant of Arabic the Koran is to them • sealed book; It has never been trans. lated into Turkish, because, forsooth, its only charm consist. in its Arabic jingle, which is as untranslatable into any foreign tongue as the En glish melody of fli-didelle-diddelle. There is a general impression among Mahometus that their religion will soon begin to decline. This impres sion is derived from two traditional sayings of the Prophet—"My religion will first Increase and then decrease;' and "my religion will survive a thous and years, but ant two thousand.. Prose the Lowtoo Pima renews AND rtlowlXDOe.' A few respectable schools have lately boon es tablished by Government in Constantinople and. Smyrna; but no such thing as • system of public instruction yet exists in the Sultan's dominotia— It is not among the wants of the people. There is no inclination to inquiry—no disposition to learn. Intellectual vacancy Is as precious to the true Moslem as physical repose. He is pereetly con tent to go on believing that the earth is flat and is suspended by four great chains to a tremendous voicarmowbose eruptions cause earthquakes—that the Son sets in • sea of mud, which makes it cool in the morning—and that the stars are big lamps hang in the sky by Divine Mercy. to please poor mortals—yes, well content is the true Moslem to believe all this, because with him "ignorance is bliss" and "thought would destroy his paradise." moss.—axis Ten ADMINtarIatION as leave.. Public affatra in Turkey were greatly improved by the late Sultan Mahmoud, a monarch of no or dainty abthiy and decision of character. By his extermination of the Dmisaries, he aid the empire of an infamous unmanan cohort that had always regarded the Imperial purple as a vestment of their own, .d had ever used its wearer as a slave of their own base purposes. He Introduced many reforms In the civil administration, and by his foreign policy, ho broke down the Wirier of imperious bigotry and hatred that had so long bola Turkey aloof from the other nation. of the world. The same Moral tendencies are manifested by the present Sultan, under his enlightened Grand Vizier, Rescind Drubs; and aided and sentained es they are by foreign influence, and especially by that of the admirable English Ambassador. Sir Stratford Canning, they will, doubtless, result in. much substantial improvement. Sot public cor ruption and oppression soil remain in the ascend. end throughout the Turkish empire. The edmin istration of justice is extremely delectitir. There are no lawyers, no jurors, no legal precedents, and no written common law, except that contained in the Koran. Every thing depends on the conscience and will of thejudge. Full scope consequently is given to bribery end intimidation, and in impor tant cases tese agencies are generally employed minima stint h or scruple. I have been told that the present Vizier contemplates the Baba:Amnon of the civil cede for the canonical law. But such • measure would go so far towards dirsilving Ike present Identity of the Church with the State, and is so inconsistent with the whole genius of Ma. home. Government, that I gannet believe it is tenni:l.ly designed; or,.if designed, that it is pram. matte. The Pitcha of the different prom.as practice a vast deal of exaction and oppresalon.— They first acquire their office' by . purchase, and afterwards indemnify themselves a donna times lover by fuming the revenues, and by unpin lev ies on their subjects. TIM MIXT AND MATT. Physical power rather than racial amelioration is the prime end of the present Government. The army and navy are its great pride and constant at. .tention. The regular army consists of about 100,- 000 men, but It is sow rapidily increasing by large COODefiptiooa made all over the countilto resist the threatened aggresalotur alleluia. The pay oldie soldiers is about ninety eenta a month; their uniform is ne longer Turkish, but consists of a red Fes cap, blue jacket, and blue or white pan taken,. The men we generally older than other European soldiers, bat yet appear like smut hardy fellows. Though they base many &mop= elle oars, their geld discipline is very Imperfect, and their march kakoi, ay spp b o addd Wq. 414T,h7i They n lodget better barreeki I have wen no rghere. The artillery is eseeedingly well app.:limit Its mock afield pieces is immene and oozatandOnereadng. The very dap 'of to anion!, everfat are was ringing with the first trials of 150 nearlbrass env non. The Turkish navy contains the fines{{ and larg est threesdeckers in the world; and its fstrength is at very short interval reinforced by shei launching of some splendid war 'roamer. But all vessels are poorly manned; their crows are made up chiefly of raw coneciipts from the country, who hardly know a rudder from a plough-tail. wears= .1) DZCLI/C6 OPITHIt Estrum Alter all, these efforts of Turkey to get op • *martial and mashing outside" remind s one of an impotent old dotard creeping Into fine,armor and XlfOltillg under borrowed plumes: , Tije Ottoman Empire him lost its virility, and does got contain within itself a single element of National greatoros, nor a aolitray germofaoelal regenermiees. •Its car coos is only upheld by the rival 3mb:suites of the three great powers of Europm`when that mullein log force ceases to act, in consequence of open war or secret compromise, the earthly tabernacle of the Ottoman Solana will fall to the tground for ever. The Turks themselves have'it present. meat that their days are well-nigh numberedi and 'on account of this they bury their dtad on the Asiatic lode of the Bosphorus; A bookiwhich they regard as canotocal and holy, predict. tpe downtall of the Western Flnapira 400 years alter its cater lishment,which period, mooing in Lunar year., the Mohammedan mode of computingi time, will expire in 1&3. 1 TIII 11:10111210 SULTAN. le • Abdel Medschid, thii present Sultan !..is 28 years of age; &mires, with the exception ofla Fez cap, In the Europe= style; and, save that Nis face is unusually pale and deeply pitted by the small pox, has nothing very noticeable in his personal ap• irearenee. He, inherit. little of the ~ i ntellectual vigor of bin father, bdahmoud, bat hi, bean is amiable to a degree bordering on weakne. Hie senaibilitles are such that he never 'algae death warrants except in case• of the moats urgent Ile. meshy. He takes scarcely any persohal part in the Administration of the Gzversiment;'ehoosing to leave every thing to• the control of hie Vizier and Divan. He has five or six wives and a large Harem. The latter in regularly Increased by the annual presentation of two beautiful &lid aecomp• lished Circassian virgins, one by hisinother, the Valede, the other by his Grand Vizier.— Sultana Valede, the other by hie Grand Vizier.- The old custom of sacking the unfaithful and throwing them into the Bosphorus, hat become totally obsolete,• but it hi generally wrpposed that State policy still makes way with south a: least of the Sultan s male offepring, for the number of hie sous is always very disproportionate tni that of his daughters. The Salon is not alai extri'mely effeminate and licentious, but he very frequently 'indulges in the use of spiracles liquors, and it is by no means improbable that he will meet the fate of his father, who died in the prime I,lf his life of delirium treasons. Abdel Medschid has dispensed with much of the glitterinj pomp that cued to attend the Sultan's appearance in public, but yet he goes to the Mosque every Friday in great state. Ilia splendid barge of 2S oars, escorted by numerous beautiful pinnaces, and gliding with swallow like swiftneas op the Golden Horn, to the Mosque of Eyoub, near the valley of the Sweet Waters, amid the rearing of cannon sum each side. and the cheers of the sailors and soldiers from the .decks of the magnificent .evenly inure, has been one of the most Wining sights I have yet win:ward in Con stantinople. . TeaBoWLING DIMVIStIIII. Last Tuesday afternoon, I went to witness the performances of the celebrated Rossi., or bowling dervishes, who exhibit twice a week, at their con vent in Scutari. After removing my shoes. I was admitted into a smell plain room, consisting of a gentral area for the dervishes, and lobbies and gal. levee at the sides for spectators. (found about NNItT VELVETL.--A.. A. Xsson & Co. have twenty of the sect auembled, they had no dietino- B O ceived I ease 23 pa of ItanddlOVelects, of the ms rive dress or badge, and were of ranges from the desirable shades, and at low Prices.' . nave greyheaded man down to the mere boy of eight et LOVES AND HOSIERY-Now ope n ntog al A. A. or to years. After prayer by the Sheikh, all ofthe ti. m ...,,, ~ ~.„,, ~,,, ~„,,,,,,,,.„,,,,,,,,,,,,,, devotees, excepting the Sheikh and three or four kind, and goaltllea : , nova players on instruments, rose (red . -their cushion.. OTASII-VD cooks ceb'd thw day, for sale by ranged themselves in a line, end interlocked their P n0 . ..1 TASSEY A BEST arms, commenced in measured cadence the rein . ention of their profession of faith, , " La affil illoLk- ARO-25 keg. No t, for sale by , L nort4 TA- dc. HEST - . . /sA." There is no God but Allah be time to . the words by bending their bodice backwards and VEATRERs-te sacks beet Ky.. for aala ' by TASSEY & BEST forwards. Each moment the utterance of the syl- XL e . i .° ,, lables become more rapid, and the movements of , DOTATOaa--110 has Nrehanstock and Red 1., _their bodies correspODding more violent till at the L a. tees, to ster . e and toe solo be end of some . twenty mingles they had wrought'. ne.• COPE. themselves up to a perfecuphrensy,,wsd the wean Q WEET POTATOES--to hbla reed on consignment became like orgies in pandimonium. Amid the t. 7 and for sale by din of tamborthes and tam throe, nought could be COOS . COPE A lIKEYFOGLE home but the wildcat spasmodic howling of the I ' - ‘ l7 - INDOW GLASS- - 1 - 00 bas,%dodo! sires, lost me/ word Allah, broken now and then by some pier. Ty and for talc by nog/ 5& W HARBAUGH cing shriek of extacy. Reeking with meat, they , B UITEH-20 keg. End bble tom reed, for sale by all captioned in file furiously rockingtheftbodies nova S .4. W LLARBAVOII upwards and downward., and whipping the ate S'S OLL BUTPER-I bbl's prune. tow sec d. for ale by with their loag dishevelled hair, save one here . n „„,, ~.. w HARHAVOH who eat* to the floor overpowered with hliu,: . DU, 1: PEACIIES--Ne , ho od io wore arse tor sale and another therewho in delinoris transports leap' ISM 01 DICK E V .4 co, ed high into the air as if spurning this gross earth „„,e, Front ,ira breve,. - ' ' Tam scene was kept up until finally the gees, boa became with we, act whather_the more were mad, but whether they were actually creatures of dash and blood; for it became almost temerlible that human frames could endure such tremendous violence. At the height of these ravings, little children were brought into the Sheikh, who all the ertide had remained seated on a lambskin at one side of the room, to receive his blessing. .This blessing was.adminiatered by emending the chil dren WI the door, and standing like an impondera ble spirit on their bodies. I sew mere infanta sub. jected to thW uriusout the least apparent suffering. . . . At length, when nature seemed pushed to the very verge of complete exhannion, a signal by the Sheikh arrested the devotional movements; the performers all took tambonnes and joined M a roma chant, and another prayer coecluded the ex