THE prrTsBuRGH GAZETTE! PUBLI9HE - 13 BY WHITE tr. CO PITTSBURGH , NITALNWRAY MORNING, MAY 9, NO ogrni P=11131111.611 Data Grams is pabtlshed ; Vs -Weekly, mod WeeklV—The Daily is Seven Dollars per annum; the TS-Weekly ls Five Dollars per erintunkthe Weekly is Two Dollars per annum. ,irierly Is amines. Baer, Since •out last weekly issue, is .• u starts ypscr7if any thing, a little better. d great deal of it is constantly changing hands. Many of MY en take it for goods, and most every thing, except provisions, can be purchased with w • Our opinion Is, that it has seen its lowest point' and ask is absorbed by taxes and otherwise, it will ly increase in value. Tat Cmrse.. Roan.—The North Americas of Sationlay,states that the Committees appointed by the Railroad meeting held on Wednesday even ing, are actively at work, and that the best pros. pert, are opening before them. The •A merman thinks the effort will be so ccessiuL The edittir of the Post, who has been abasing tts for some days past, complains that we throw ourself back upon oar " dignity." It is true we cannot consent to occupy either ourself or our rtriderawith mere penal:Lanni and it isperb"P" , as well that the bad passions of the Post editor— which, it appears, must and will have, some vent --,-should be allowed free exercise in a way in which they are comparatively harmless. BM should it renew its attacks on llama laws and principles upon which the happiness and safety of society depends, OW' shall not stand in the way of a due administration of the rod. in the meantime, we are ',not to be provoked to re new the punishment, merely because the culprit whines front the smart of what has already been inflicted. That is his privilege, and if it affords him any relief,he is welcome to make the most of it. Bat let him beware of repeating his more seri . oua olicaces. Let us have. no fire brands thrown societyat et or pumerty, at the law and administra tors, and we will put up with the hard names. • Tug Oncasau.—As it is possible that this Wild datum may visit our city during the coming sum mar, all the information which can be collected in reference to its system, and mode of treatment, May be of utility. We give to-day an article on Bib subject, and propose to commence, to-morrow. a series of letters, on the true Pathological nature of Cholera, by Cleo. Stuart Hawthorne, H. D., late ci the Belfast General Hospital, and sow of Live. pool, England. From an introduction to these let tees, in a pamphlet published at Nashville, we learn that the author has had, at least, als exalt-Wife experience in the treatment of Cholera as any cab er Physician in Great Britain. That his SaccesS m the treatment of it has been extraordinary, is plac ed beyond dispute by the highest and most condo siva testimony. Boards of Health, Physicians of good reputation, private individuals and public meetings, all unite in testifying to hie unexampled success. The Dungannon Booed of Health, in per,. seating to him a piece of Plate, take occasion -to convey to him their most gratefel acknowledg ments for the eminent services he hes, under Pros: idence, rendered in checking. that destructive cese, which had raged with ouch violence amongst them." The late Dr. Daason, of Daugannon, a highly respectable and able pracutioner,who chaug ed his original mode of treating the disease after his "fable ideas" of it, in consequence of "the most ins. .pcstatit informs:doe he had received from Dr. Haw thorne, had been corrected, says, in a letler to Dr 11., written in 1844 : "Would to God, my dear sir, your mode of practice In Cholera, was more gen. 'wally known, as then it would not be so fetal ■ seamy as it unfortunately now is" The late Sir Francis Workman Macnaghten, in forwarding to Dr. Hawthorne an address on beltelf of the inhabi tants of the parishes vf Billy and Daulucc, save— "l can add, from my own knowledge, that no indi vidual, who, at the commencement of his disease. had the fortune to fall under year care, woe loot to his family, that, shortly after your arrival, mortality ceased—that implicit reliance epos you won mars,:,' Heated by all—and that despair was relieved by the most cheering expectations.' In the address, the signers, among w hem were Physicians, mem bers of the Board of Health, Parish Officers and private citizens of the highest respectability, say, "that not a single death took place in any Of those - ' ' ,sisesonsettstorsils r ill's I our most unqualifte, conviction, that your plan of treatment to the bef, and only safe one and that if sufficiently early Ind efficiently pot in practice, even in the most violent forms of the disease, and universally adopted, it is calculated to save many useful life, and render a most Los:aided.; disease comparatively mild, and less fist* than most other epidemics The resters are six in number, and pear every day. Persons wishing extra cope will please give notice at the counter. We take pleasure in calling the attention of our readers, and capeedally of three engaged in the cultivation of the earth, to the address of the Com mittee of the Agricultural Association, pirblished in our paper this morning. The subject of scien tific farming has heretofore been deemed of little importance by many of our farmers, but we are of opinion, that a better day is approaclung; and the address of the Committee, we think, will contribute materially to a mote correct appreciation of this subject by our agricultural readers. The writer of the address appears not only to understand fay the means by which the science should be elevated to its deserved rank, but also the diffi culties to be encountered in producing this desir able end. For his efforts in this laudable enter. prim, the author of the address, A. W. Marks, Fag, of Peebles Township, is entitled to the grati- M.; fade of alrwho desire the elevation of this bewitis fol and ennobling pursuit, and we bespeak for the addreen their careful perusal. Tha deepest sympathy has been manifested and felt in this country with the Hungarians, or biog. - yam, in their fierce and unequal smuggle with the Atuatrisn Government; but if the following , views au correct, It is a sympathy improperly and ignor antly bestowed. A 'Prussian gentleman, the ediour says, of the highest inteeigenco, in en article In the New York 'Commercial Advertiser, presents the question in a light entirely dallbrent from that in which it has heretofore been viewed, and . gives some facts of great interest. Oar limited space compels as to madame the introductory end historical portions of the article. Hungary is divided Into two portions:—the •Kingdom of Hungary, and Hungary proper. The fanner comprises Croatia, Slavonia and Hungary • Proper, or Provincial Hungary. The war la con fined to the latter. The Kingdom of Hungary QM settled originally by the Crown and Slaves, and these form at prat:int almost the entire population of Croatia and Skrionia. The Afogyis, are alone titled in Hungary Proper, and do not belong either to the family of the Germans or to that of the Slave", but are a different nation, entirely unknown in Europe before the end of the 9th century. At that time they left their primitive hdthe on the eastern aide of the Thal river, and in the neighbor , hood of the Caspian Lake, and immigrated into the aiUntries skirting the Danube. Having settled themselves there r they soon made plundering in cursions into halt; and above all Into Germany, where they were named Huns, because; by their atrocities, they called to remembrance the old Huns, who under Attila devastated' so many part. of Prrope in the hitt, century. Since that time the =mese( Hungarian and Hungary, applied to the Magyars and their country, have come into uae• From their immigration to the year 1301 they were riffed,by native dukes or (since the year 1000, 'kings, acid in the Azimuth century, and et first in the person of the Austrian Arch DUCe (subsequent ly Emperor of Germany) Ferdinand, the house of litipsbug ascended the throne of Hungary, partly .by hetetitary right, partly by voluntary election- The pawe.ist the Kmg is limited by an aristocratic ectastitnuon, framed in remote ages, with the de cided tendencr to invest the Hungarian nobility with the actual t)w., There are no hibcynn to be found In Croatia .and only 0017 few of this nation in 5i1901116 , the V.,it,-V,F..-.portlation there consisting almost entirely of the Whereas in Hungary proper rho Magyars -,,,i:il.liredotnittate decidedly, at least for the present, it t t» helr numerical supenority, by their 'ed privileges, and in many other respects. The extent of Croatia is 3674 square miles, mitt -• • • 500 inhabitan Wild. that of Slavonia is 36:2 maitre ' • miles . With 352,700 intutbilants. The capital o f _„CptL is Amin, and that of Slavonia is Eesegg, 1‘ Hungary proper, which has an area of 80,040 : 'square miles, is the principal seat of the Minoan. The total population of the country amounts to more"than 11,000,000. Natquite 4,500,000 of them consist cfiligyan) abOut .5,000, 000 are Slaves (Croats, Slavonialas, &c.) and the remainder consist chiefly of .Germans. The Western, more level part of the country, if commonly called Lower Hungary, an the Eastern, more mcruntsdnous pan, Upper Hungry. The Magyars inhabit many- coun ties in lower Hungary, bat in general they prevail in Upper Hungary. Debreexin (Eastward and ill . ' moles distant from Beath and Buda) • central poin t to them , and a city of.6o,oooinbaktants is peopled only by 'There is no country in Europe more blessed by the gifts of nature than Hungary prope r. le' ex tensive forests afford on almost inexhaustible sup ply of the finest timber and of Inel Its mums are rich in gold, silver, copper, lead, iron, rock-tan, and other minerals, and the roil returns an ample harvest for all that fa planted In It, producing corn and wine in far greater abundance than is COnSUM . eic by the populnuon. The stocksCle, sheet, and horses is very considerable and in ISt' there were numbered fi ve millions he of rattle, seventeen millions of sheep, and one . million of horses. The rivers abound in fish, and at the same time afford great advantages for intercom - re sad trade. If with all these natural bleuing the people bad wined adequate improvements. Hungary longong since have rivalled the mast distinguished countries in the world. But unfortunately the contrary has happened; as may already have been Inferred from the relative scantiness of the popula tion. Compared, for instance, with England and Scotland, which togethe r hfind ave nthat t o greater extent ent thus Hungary proper, e he Inner 'onlY ball the population of the island ef Great Bru .tain. Even the advantages afforded by the Danube and its tributaries are neglected, and while every other Austrian province (except Transylvania) is intersected by the lineal roads,Hungary proper has scarcely anyand in man parts of the country the cammoication is obstructed by many obstacles.— The few manufactures existing are not worthy of mention, and trade is restricted to the exportation of natural productions into the Western pros feces I of the Austrian empire, and to the importation of of manufactures,, with a very disadvantageous balance for the country. There in indeed refine ment to be found in the lancer eitien, (mostly inhab ited by Germans) and in the mansions of the no bility; but in the villages and smaller towns igno rance and stupidity prevail. The Hungarian tradesmen only excel in dressing and dying a particular kind of leather and in fabricating a coarse cloth, called Hosiers. Very (my are the im• provements made in agriculture and rearing of cattle. • At Pesch is a university and in other ones are to be found colleges; but the aumber of schools for the lower climes is very smalL In the country it fre quently occurs that children, who go to school, must every day make a journey of several miles, and it happens sometimea that on the way they are lie vented by wolves, which almost overrun the noun try. The administration of justice is in the most deplorable condition. Most of the judges are car runt and open to bribery. In the enactment of pen. al laws there in an entire lack of uniformity mad coneistericy; (or sometimes an atrocious murderer and robber on the highway or a poisoner will be condemned to no other penalty than five years ix. prisonment, while a Mr less culpable delinquent will be cleated. Whose is the fault of this miserable state orthingS le it the fault of the Austrian government' On the contrary, the Austrian government has done all it its power to make in Hungary the same improve ments that have been effected in the German, and other provinces of the empire. Here not only in land trade and intercourse are facilitated by excel lent roads, railroads and canals, but aviculture is Do ried on with diligence and intelligence; menu b:Mei of every, kind are numerous and many of them rival the beet of the same kind to France or England. There is scarcely a village withoui a school, and the Austrian code of laws, published In the beginning of this century, is one of the best lathe world. No, the fault is exclusively on the nude of the Hungarian aristocracy. There is no body of no bles in any country endowed with so many sub stantial privileges as the Hungarian. If not strict ly in fact, at least by the law. The Hungarian no. lion Is divided into two distinct classes, the nobles and the *nobles; the tormer enjoy all privileges and the latter none. To the nobility belong the magnates, via , princes, earls, barons. dec., then the Roman Catholic Clergy, the royal free lowan, m they are styled, and even some pnvileged dlstricts Tan noble ovho has committed a mend can neve, be arrested without having previously been con. victed. Now it is evident that whenever he fear lest be might be found guilty, he may quite at hi. ease withdraw and lorry in any other province, ill his case has fallen into oblivion. And it will noel be forgotten—because he is a noble. Moreover i hes seldom or never happened that a noble has been executed for a crime, especially if committed on an ignoble. In, many instances a noble has slain a Farmer or other ignoble without any punish. meat inflicted on him, except perhaps a fine co some florins. When, on the contrary, an ignoble has the misfortune to trespass against a noble, he in moat cases may be sure either to be condemned to death, or to be deprived of all his property. The violation of the personal security or property of a noble is, In the Hingatian laws, styled major po tent* and punished like high treason. . Iffiari l laWd * re iStrtareltinet e tt f re ° . Tel ao n u g ry . the noblest. On the other side, all public burdens are heaped on the ignoblea; especially mithe peasantry, who in the law style are called mieera contribueas plebs (the pour rate paying people or rather mob). The Isomer has even to pay the coats of the law-suits between the nobles themselves. The condition of a Hungarian Gamer is not better than that of an actual serf or bondman. He not only has to pay the tithes to the Roman Catholic clergy, (even when he himself is a Protestant), but also has to pay to his lord 'of the manor the ninth part of all products, and to work (or him 10.4 days in the year Besides this be, conjointly with the ignoble, in the towns, must bear all charges on the mate. The Austrian Government has long since striven to put an end to this shameful state of things; bat ' the most decided adversanen to this task have always been the nobles. Thus the Emperor Joseph I. abolished the opprenive bondage; he allowed the peasantry to sell by retail the produce of their own vineyards, and to plead their own causes or complaints on appointed court days; and at the same time he intended to produce • just proportion in the rate paying. But the Hunganan or rather the Magyar nobles opposed these im provements with the utmost obstinacy, and even proceeded to open rebellion, until Joseph was compelled to recall all his ordinances issued in favor of the lower classes. Only the bondage re mained abolished, hut that is no greater, by the existing state of things in all other respects. Of cams°, the Hungarian nobility will never willingly relinquish their many and profitable ad vemulifes. They know that the Austrian Govern. mentstill cherishes the natatory intentions of Joseph IL in favor of the lower classes imilungary, and hence the hatred against this government The Maygar nobles speak of tyranny on thopart of the Austrian Government, but they themselves are the worms tyrants. They are tyrants to the lower clautS of their own nation, and the whole body o( the Magyars is acting like tyrants tcs the vent majority of the Hungarian people. The Latin and German languages have for centuries prevailed and are generally understood throughout Hungary. The speeches in the Legislative As sembly or Diet were always held in Latin, and all public acs were drawn op in this language, under stood by every Honeari. render. But tome years ago the Magyar noble. concc,v. std the Idea that they might win over to their view, the lower classes of their own nation, by causing the Latin and German languages to be supplanted by the Magyar. The latter is an unculuvated No. gunge and understood by none but the Magyars themselves; and even amdng these are many wino hate almost forgotten it. Quite as well might the Greitrisits in the United Staten pretend to supereede the English language by the German. The Mag yar hoblea at length succeeded in their took, and thus the great majority of the Hungarian ;sonata. lion was compelled to sacrifice in some measure their own language to a chimera, as well as to an insidious stratagem. We heartily wish that the whole people of Hun gary may enjoy a true liberty on the largest scale. but this will never be attained should the Magyars be victorious in the present straggle. For the' Magyar nobles, the actual rulers of the other clans nee of their nation, will then exercise an uncontrol led sway; and whet they condescend to call liberty is nothigg but the maintenance of their own privi leges. t UUNGIA-Itlr New Yoaa, May 4, 1849 A little Li*ling of the probable policy of the g. erninenl, in relation to the Sub Treasury, Lan FROIII NEW YORK Correspondence of the Pittsburgh the capitaliats and bankers of the city y all afloat, and makes them with one voice cornmeal the sag! of Mr. Fillmore and Mr. Meredith. that a pripmetion will be made, to allow t h emment to receive b r dues, notes of Stele bank whose issues are "gored by United States Stock, en idea onginating with Fillmore, when Cornier° The effect of th let of New York. creole a limited national currency, es good as ape. oie, because endorsed by the rolled States, and current alike on the St. Croix and Sacramento riv ers. It would signori do away with the-trouble caused to the currency by carting specie from the banks to the Sub Treasury, and effectually kill the abortion known as the Independent Treasury. It would also enable . the Government to make its tranars of money at the expense of simple post age, as was done by means of Treasury Notes, the rainy.° of which is by law forbidden. The new plan has not an opponent, and public opinion now fairly indicates a wish for ? adoption. Several leading banks of the city ha-re it in eon- temptation to cease the issue of notes, etnd to con fine themselves to receiving deposits and making 108 D. Ths penalty attaching to corpondionslis- suing currency has made this new plan advisable. To obviate any Inconvenience this may cause, and to retain the proper amount of circulation, an ar rangement is to be made with various out of town banks to redeem these notes, which will vie them a currency in the city, and at the same time keep them from being harried home for redemption.— This plan would also enhance the value of country bank notes, and have a similar effect with that produced by the "Suffolk Bank System,' in Boa• ton, which makes all New Englad notes at par in Boston, and in fact bankable all n over New Eng land. The city already teems with clergymen, and oth ers who have come to attend the anniversaries of the venous religious and benevolent institutions which have their official location here, and next week, from early dawn to near midnight, the Ta bernacle will be filled with an immense audience, formed from the great mass of good men of all sects. , united for the purpose of devising still more etfi ment means for the elevation of humanity. Tne services will be introduced bysermons on Sun day, before the Foreign Evangelical Society. by the Rev. Ray Palmer, the New York Bible Socie ty by the Rev. Edward l3e4 char, and the Home Missionary Society by the Res'!"Profestor Barnes. As these meetings are of national interest, an ab stract may be expected by your reader,. Emigrants continue 1, arrive. and the number on Wednesday reached seven thousand. One streets literally swarm with them, and no nation seems unrepresented. The poverty.stricken Irish man, followed by , his troop of squalid children, predominates, but there are also noodle& of stool, ruddy, and light hearted Germans, parading the sidewalks, wondering et the New World they have chosen as their home. Their gay colored dames, the curious coiffeura of the women. and the conical hats of the men, adorned with a dancing feather, to say nothing of wooden shoes or sabots, make them quite as much a subject of won der to the New York cockneys, as the sights of the Empire city to them. The steamer's news has produced no marked change in money matters. The fall in Cotton neutralizes the buoyancy that would have nitead ed the reception of a million of specie, and the rup ture on the Continent gives holders of Stocks an opportunity to cry down every thing just now— The news in•telauon to Cora has braced up the market, and many are sanguine that a good deal -f money will be made by shipment. The Euro , troubles abut thy English market to Conti , -ore growers, aced will give American cor . chance. Should the rumor be confirmed of the intervention of France to restore the Pope by force we shall in all probability see grate growers enough taken for soldierato enable our farmers to sell an imlaense amoutit of bread. Fighting peo ple must eat, sad we who are peaceable, will reap the reward of the follies of nanoas whose disposi tions are pugnacious. Money continues abundant, and good passes at 7 per cent , and is not over abundant. Stocks, however. are cheaper on the news, and close at 1111 for U. S. 6's of '67, Ky ti's fell k since noon, Eine 1, Harlem 1, and Long island ;. A null larger decline is shown ou the rater of yesterday. Many expected to sell out upon the news by this steamer, and are sadly disappouited at the turn things have taken, anticipating, as they did.° spits mod., and large advance. Cotton has not opened under the news, and hold. era are firm. Flour has been unfavorably affected. and 6012 e reduction has been accepted. Corn, on the other hood, has rallied 46:rde a bushel, with sales of full '70,000 bit since yesterday Boon.— There is no material change te Provisions. No Whiskey in market. The condition of the Grain market leads many to suppose the Eastern lute of telegraph has been“playmg tricks." and that some body hos made money upon early t nfornmtion. Workmen are deteolishing the City Hotel, and the stores wilt be soon under war. They have been leased at $26,000, or $14,000 more than the hotel has paid thr rent. The elegant warehouses on the old Grace Church site, which cosi 8150.000, rent for 12 per coot On this amount. They arc et tree stone. and the abet elegant in the world.— They are worthy of being neighbors to Trinity . Church. Bowen S. Me_Namel, the famous silk dealers, are to erect upon the ground ommisite too City Hotel, a dry goods palace. Thsa will, with the other new slums, quite finish that part of Broad v, the cost to la 5100,000. c. Address of the Allegheny County Ag cultural Society ho At a primary meeting of the Agneultund ty of Allegheny county, the undersigned were pointed a 'committee to address the citizens of county in explanation of the objects and purpr of the asses:tenon, and to invite the ma-operas of every person engaged in any of the depnrtmt of culuvattou, ur who may feel Interested in laudable endeavor to advance its prosperity. It should be a matter of gratification, that a gi and increasing Intermit is beginning to be no tested m the subject td" scientific culuennoi Many who, but a few years since, were the le nest sootTers at the application of selence and tem to the practical details of califs noon, are the most ready to admit the necessity of the ells This change of °pluton has been oceasiocef some degree by the light which in Sereed u even troweling minds, by the newspaper pi but mainly by observation, of the thorough sue of like associations. m bringing about a cand of improvement in the euttiVatino of the as hortmbitural and girden proddets, and in all various elements oich constitute tam emelt the cultivator. is beginning to be well underslodi, that superficial - attatnment will not be endured employment. The minds of professional owe constantly employed in the ItiVestiganon of Ile sciences connected will:111mM professions, and th mechanic and artisan are no longer content with the acquirement of mere mechanical skill but have dracuvered how greatly that Able. is aided In meter yraremts, rrexinent 'expieribrrtieit el" 2 enripluon trout its destiny will lie :Mowed to those who are engaged in waist has been so well canna, tensed by the greet and good Washington, as - the moat healthy. me most uselio, and the must nob. employment el urn. it aught with the same truth he said, that !here is no employment, which (ruin the number mud variety of its ramifications and details, more involves the necessity of °feinry cation and of phtlosophie and enlightened reason It involves the management of men and 4 . 1 male. and of the different elements and soils es their 'Lippert, the treatment al different crops and trees. and the special manures calculated tor their fullest developemeat tit production. As elc the most healthful of 00 occupations—healthful for the body, mind, and also of all other pursuit. by Nyman men obtain honest bread, a affords the most vistoronatraintrig for the physical powers, and the most extensive range ot mental discriime. True a is, that, without any mental effort on the part ot the cultivator, a bountiful harvest may re ward his thrill; that Abe kindly Influences of a new soil, of sunshine and showetw, may remedy the defimeney of good husbandry. But it cannot he expected that these influences can always be corm mended. Nature, in all its operations. is uniform and consistent, and if the coosequenixs or had cultivation are not vested upon the farmer himself, they will surely descend to the sons whom lie has not instructed in the means of remedying the e vi I. It must be acknowledged that the agriculture of Western Pennsylvania hots nit Lept pace w.tn ! the spirit of improvement which has characterized the other pursuits of its citizens. and whilst lab, otherwise employed, has developed new Natures of wealth, a bas become a subject of complaint that our sail does not repay, with like generoany, the boils and pains of the cultivator. It ~as hence happened that too many who would have given credit to the pursuit, have yielded it up. and em barked their capital in other enterprises, which, it properly employed Jo a more liberal agnculture, would have well repaid as investment. It is unquestionably a g - reat evil, but one which fall, under our too frequent observation, that, as soon as a farmer becomes somewhat forehanded, he either withdrawn his earnings to Illuest ti Other bus:nese, or else employs thrill in 'addlng breadth to it. acres, instead of adding to their depth; or in other words, he devotee to a supertimal and slov enly cultivation, one hundred acres, when half the quantity,under a ludlcuattis husbandry, would yreld an equal protium to repay his labor and c• re. That this result is attainable is no longer a mat ter of mere speculation. On the iiontinent of Eu rope, and especta!ly in Great liritaln, necessity has mooed the taxation of the wail to as utmost productive power. yet undue the treatment of spe cial manor., and imamn of amps, results have followed, exceeding greatly any calculation of the enthustast. Put we need not go abroad for nn illuatration of our legittion. Offictal statistics, and the experience of her own citizens have proven that in Istassachutetts. the saute soil and the same acres which, twenty yeses since, yielded but a lim ited return to 10ta,,, now double that ',redact, and exhibit a progiessive improvement upon which in creasing results are reasonably predicated. Bel it 18 worthy of note here, that both in Europe and uer own country, wherever these results have been achieved, as well as wherever the spin it of enlightened husbandry has been made manifest In the character of its ealSellB, in the improvement of the emir, 01 the neut.., or der and comfort 'of the home and arm buildings, they have been atomulated by the agency faggns cultural societies. There is out a county in Ides. sachtmetta which cannot boast of Such an associa- Lon, and there are very lew tarmera who do not regard their connexion therewith as a privilege of tile/turnable value. Prompted by the knowledge of these toms, es well as by the expenence 01 many weals which it is hoped to aatiatv by to, agency, Our Weelel/alOO Was proposed, and by the exertion 01 a few indi viduals, a spontaneous letting of !avor was ex pleased for tee etiterpese,whieh resulted In a most auspictoua commencement. It may be briefly sug- Keeled as the lead"tg objects of the association, to collect and extend the thorn valanble information and experimental knowledge in (among and hor., culture. This will include improvements in uten sils, ioosa and machinery, In cattle and other live stock, the 11111.111/a/tat 01 new semis, grains, fruits, aed all agricultural products, discoveries in house hold economy. and the arts connected with the general wiener, at cultivation, It is suggested Mel through Its instrumentality not only improvements may be extended, bat fits. covert. and Oniones examined and thoroughtly tested. A medium is provided air the interchange mad diaseintnatioa of rare and valuable products le agneulture mid horticulture, and IL tribunal is estaldished for enlightened :loveadigation and judgment upon the subjects winch would be ex pected to tie submitted to Its decisions. It is well known to those engaged in orchard cultivation, that there la on part of the United States, taluch can excel. if any can equal Western Pennsylvania, la the production of most orchard emits, and especially - in well flavored, well keep ing, and merchantable apples. Notwahatanding that this fact hi easily established, the product.a is exceedingly knitted, and our own market in mainly aupplied by very inferior productions from other States. Situated as we are at a point com mending the readieu access to the markets 01 the East and West, there is no imaginable limit to the demand which would follow, and A is confidently believed that when a proper aelechou from the wi nches now in cultivauon shall have been made, the culture will bocce= a leading and profitable interest in our local cultivation. Within the last ten years the exportation of American apples to England and France has been steadily increasing, but as yet the supply bee not nearly reached the demand, and the prices at which they are readily sold, have induced many cultivators in the Eastern States to devote their entire farms to their produc tion. It is entirely probable that before ten years. the beautiful and excellent apples from :our own county may be seen in the markets of London, Paris, and Mexico. An important object to be obtained by oar asao cianon is the combination of opinions and efforts on venous subjects in which the action of our State legislature is believed to be necessary. We might instance as one of these requirements, some restriction upon the injurious practice of allowing mottle and swine to run at large through our for. WI and highways, involving the danger of destruc. tion of valuable crops, and requiring the erection and constant reptile of fences and inclonuren. in some parts of the county, especially in those near the city, this has become an intolerable annoyance. and occasions the expenditure of much time and money to guard against their continual recurrence. The great number of worthless and unemployed dogs, kept throughout the country, has entirely de stroyed the sheep husbandry whichten years since Wen a favonte interest, and though other causes have arisen to prevent It from again becoming an extensive staple, yet every farmer would. but for the cause we have mentioned, engage in It to the extent of his own domestic consumption, and every one most acknowledge the Injustice of A state of things which prevents the puma of an entclyinse 'hiCh is laudable in Ascii, and profitable and con ch the first principle at household aeon. onry. Nor is legislation less required for a more equ, table adjustment of the rates of assessment upon country property and products. Whilst we are persuaded, tans, taking as a basis of assessment, annual profits and the capacity of land to yield tin der ordinary tillage, the levy upon agricultural pro. party is much greater than upon any other property or implbyrnent; we have also to complain that the Injustioe of thltsirstem does not end with this ins p equality. In portion as the farmer expends his gains in iuluable improvements, in tasteful build ings, and convenient barns, in the same proportion does Se unfortunately increase the demands of the tax collector upon his pone. The accessories of tasteful buildings and improvements do not add capacity to the productive power of lands, and the imposition of increased rates upon them is neither more nor less than the taxation of industry and thrift, to pay a bounty to slovenliness and sloth. The fruit trees which the farmer may plant, even the rose bush and vine, which his daughters may train over the porah of his dwelling, must pay a duty to the State. The house in which his chil dren were born, and in and around which he de sires to gather the comforts and beauties which should surround the old age of a life of toil. is not to be regarded as a home, but as a thing of barter, end its value estimated at what it would sell for. He may not improve its appearance by a coat of paint, or add a porch to protect his door way from the noontide sun, he may'riot shelter his cattle or sheep from the winds, of winter, without paying an oppressive penalty. If he should hoard his money it is exempt from taxation, but if he should give employment and the means of sulasistenep Ighboilnirnechanica in adding nmprovemeni hie farm, nod increasing the substantial wealth and prosperity of the county. increased and bonbon some taxation Is sure to follow. We regard this policy as fraught with injustice, and adverse to every principle of sound political economy. In these instances and many more not enumer ated. we all feel that a luster legislation is required, and it is thought that by means of the union of effort and purpose, which our association will afford, the objecta can be amromplisbed. We all know bow (males would be the efforts of indi viduals, when union and harmony of design are wanting in their counsel. We have endeavored to explain brtedy some of the motives which have prompted our mime/anon, and to claim for their accomplishment your earnest and hearty co-operation. Our limits would not allow more than a rapid glance at the different points, and we must leave it to those acquainted with the subject, to amplify the pro's:nations to which we have only ware to allude. But vic would kid to repr.ent Holly the edns and purposes of our society. If we .21..11 to sae any thug of its t.luel evil, which .s. h. phut..., a moral effect tel. economy of ioMetsitilre, to ply. a tone nod ettriraeler to rte Interest. , telt ch she: end to elevate 4 to he deserved dipnlty at mande 'me oe, one which, of all the eml!'f men. of Itthw men, should be distlnsruithvil affording the Ite , npportunelea (or esteem.e any progreroive mental discmtine, for advancionteui true telittmeen . and more, and scientific impro,i n • ins n vely•11, ytendieation, ngrl . ytnence st,ces , o l purnnt hool.l . l” , nivr Ihp ..1 emplortue peo•epove and reasoning unes •it a rssen .• indeve on f tholepin W•lio the scope of .t• VPr, operatp.nn are ye. fields for resenorh. %Vint" men are groping their way upon its horde Within a tow years they have begun to wen aonie of the elements of the Telerre which ender their comprehension of the whole. ea. certain. Pot:neatly v:ewed, we must aiongn to ngncuhr the highest place in the order of occupations Every where upon the face ot the earth. it is ITiterloo of elvilmeinon, and the prosperity c state a beat indicated by the excellence of ite le The true patriot cannot but feel the deepest r reel of politica, and deeper yet must be the rem to see the noblest of all earthly employments a, most degraded to a mere mechanical effort for th supply of animal wants. It a spurned as a men drudgery of the body without any exercise of the mind, and a leohng of contempt is entertained b. many, fur the laids and duties which 'be Almigtit himself first assigned to his own created image But it is worthy of consideration here, whether we have done all in our power to correct these cra ne°us opinions. sod to impress upon the minds 01 a right thinking public, and especially upon our own sons, a respect for the character of the farmer. We rear that a want of union among ourselves and the want of a means by which the interests of ag riculture might be advanced, and its lust Influence upon national prosperity illustrated, has too often led to the conception of false ideas by those whoa we ought to have otherwise instructed. We hope that the day moot far dogma when our association shall have accomplished all, soil more than has been predicated of its formation, when we have a valuable periodical, devoted to our lo cal agriculture and horticulture, and when every township shall have an association and a library ausilisary to the Central Society; when the Cultiva tor will read and think, and especially when every one will deem it a duty of patriotism to elevate the character and increase the self respect of those who ruitivate the earth. ALFRED W. MARK JOHN SCOTT, S FAHNESTOCK From th• Whig The Cholera.—Treatment of 14 Doctor 21cCorruick, of the l need States A and sae of the geuuemen constituting Gen. T fora suite while on his way to Washington, 14 author of the following remarks on the patholog and treatment of cholera. They were ongniail written and transmuted, in a private letter. to friend at the North, who, knowing that Dr. Mean truck's experience in the treatment of cholera, en braced the vlattalloo of that disease at Washing ton, in 1832, and recently at New Orleans, very naturally desired to learn his Views with regard ti the beat mode of treating it. Another of the gem neaten accompanying Gen. Taylor, who was awns that Dr. McCormick had committed his views 05 the subject to writing, and desirous to see them it print, applied to the Doctor for a copy, and havint obtained v, kindly handed it in us for publication It will be bond below Cholera has four instinctly marked stages let. Loose dejection.. 2d. Watery discharges by the stomach, bowels and skin. 2d. Corpse like coldness, and bluer:leas of chi skin or collapse. 4th. R.enction, choleric fever, a acme strongli resembling typhus. The (rat ennslats in a ample looseness of tin towels—the dejection being frequent and mon or leas Copious and then the consistence demean lag wtth each evacuation, until it arrives et th, next plainly marked siege of toe duwase. Th , second penal ,—the evaellarinne now consist little else than a watery tluid. With thsse du charges, the thirst is always intense, and the vow, oeg me to fail. The stomach becomes Involved, pouring forth the name watery fluid in greater leu, abundance, and ushered in with thi non nom the stomach, bowel. and akin, sentry intimately connected with it in most pasnfulfy:dtstreoungaihenomenati of thus rine malady, the cramps and spasm., canning patient at tunes to wnthe in agony, giving I every expression of pato that human torture r, ptovoke. The third period follows, and ennalsts Of col lapse. This seems naturally explained the Waste of the watery portion of the Woo and the great exhaust!on of the nervou system, so intimately connected with it, and wit the violent cramps and spasms. The Vele , ha become more feeble the watery G.Vileti:li)OnS wivi the agony is over. for the spasms have also cense and the patient des Indiflerent, apuliette, Martel and craves only ink—The thirst eontitilles in tense, brooms, imputable, and seems to ease in direct roll° to the quantity of watery fluid poured Innsby the. dos/Marge., and in depend thereon. seems to arise horn an instinctive desire and gent devised In supply the Wants and drainagi the system. The whole body shnoks, the featu become contracted, pointed, (choleric counts the ryes deeply sunken in Ulm sockets, ba led upwards. sr natural, ex pre log great ell or total mditierence. The skin is an cold nein and moist, of a bluish hue, varying both in in of color and extent of surface, it occupies the and feet, particularly, are shnvelleil and cc ted, and greatly shrunken, having lost at lea third of mew bulk, end look as if long mac in water (like a wash woman's hand,) the pal scarcely discernible or extinet,and the notion c. heart feeble, the air enters the lungs, but respi non is laborious, with a sense of suffocation fr the changed condition of the blood that prove_ the lull vivifying mfluence of the air on It—the splwodity being such that d does nut (low in its nom' channels which expose so peat a awl-ace to the acnon of the air throughout Its minute and a bundant capdlarica The Velem enfeebled and great ly diminished has became husky and nearly ex.. boot and the demand it makes is still for cold drinks—ice water. They complain of being parch ed, burning up, and yet the whole surface is icy cold, and posesses an exalted sensibility sinaptsms, &o, are loudly complained of as burning Eke fire—msupportable--even the hand of a heal thy person bronght in contact with a collapsed cholera patient. I have heard loudly complamed of es bermes—The tongue to cold, bread, flat and dry. or mucous and pasty—tbe abdomen retracted.— In short the whole body has become collapsed. The blood changed in as character, deprived clf I. watery portion, no longer traverses Its ace...toot ed rounds, but collecta In the heart and vein. e , -• oecially the larger trunks, in undue qu.noty. — This change of place arising from a change in tne pustaity of the blood, gives rise in its turn to oth er chorine. There is no arterial blood—there in no secretion perhaps except that of bile, for as before stated, the blood has forsaken the arteries and re treated into the reins. Throughout all this frightful havoc of the physi cal frame, the mind moves calmly, clearly, -wit* possessed. and begins to feel the destructive Influ ence, or is gone l with few excepoonal only when the brain has to be supplied with rerated blood— only when the individual is in arrieriZe mortis. The fourth stage seldom occurs. But when an individual becomes collapsed and lives through it, the fourth stage is present-it is one cf reaction resembling typhus ITEMIEU It is always 01 great, and sometimes even of vital importance . that the patient should he in Ired. la the rust stage give calomel and opium scoot ding to the nature and freprecey of the DL - 3010. I have usually commenced in ordinary cases by wing one of the followsug. pas after each /owe Calomel: Thirty grains Powdered Opium Six arsine , . Mix intimately and diode into 11 , 0 pills. In this way in the course of a few hours you will I probably give twenty grains of calomel and tour grains of opium, which, in ordinary cases will genr rally prove sufficient, and even in most severs ens es you will have administered on much calomel es will be necessary. When this has proved sufficient, the evicuations will have become far less frequent and changed in character. especially in commence. In this early stage the danger is greater, the more !regnant and the thinner or more liquid and watery the -tools may become. Sou can continue therefore to aive I one of the calomel and opium pills after each eva cuation, dot this character, until the whole six are taken; and If the passages still continue, it be comes necessary' to continue the opium as fol. Powdered Opium, Six grain., Powdered Cumpbor Twelve grains, Mixed intimately and made into air Giving one of the pills aftereeach evaeaution. — Rest in bed, fomentation% or fia-1,1111 poultices applied to the abdomen and mustard plaster+ and warm mustard loot battle prove also highly betie- When the attack is sudden and severe, give at one dose twenty grains of caloniel and two a tptum, nod repeat the opium and camphor pills a directed, and use the aistapixan, pnulu. e., In the second period, when the watery, eviteeto tons set in, they either resemble in (Middy and cc or a mustard hat, bath or ore 01 a rice water char teter, with n white powder settling at the bottom se the vessehor watery with white docettli or dakes Interspersed in it, making it somewhat turbid, looking like whey. The voice fails also, and cramps or spasms conic ott is the legs, arms and sometimes the bowel. The case is now extremely urgent, mad unless the watery dinchargen can be arrested the patient ant pane into the collapse, trvin which there in lib deny hope, 1 have been in the habit ill giving sugar of lend id °plum in the foilowtng way in pills. Sugar of Lead one drachm, Powdered Upturn. Twelve grain.. Mix intimately and make into twelve Ole, gave to after every watery evaeunimn, and it three arc ,pious. oftener or in larger dosen..nay two vide at e Ilime.. Or it nifty be given by tnjecitions thus. Take Sugar at Lend one drachm. dissolve in water six winces, (three wine giant:es foil) and add a ten•spoonful of laudanum. and give half s an it:uncut - in and repeat as may benecessary. To allay the distressing nnuses,vounting, and in . satiable thirst lin this and the fallowing stage el ro:- lapse) Use. Creosote: four drops, Mucilage of Gum Arabic, or Flaxseed tea, one tablespoonful. Snake well together and give a teaspoonful every four or five trines n day or oftener as may be ne siinsv. As in this stage they are about to pa e t n o collapse if it Is not stopped. the use of n lout, moan becomes net-canary. I have used Cham paign, Brandy, toddy, and Carbonate of Ammonia n • Carbonate of Ammonia' two drachm, Powdered Gum Arabic two drachma, Water three wine glasses fall, Nixgive i and a table ',Nonfat every tilted minutes or half hour, as may be neee‘snry. 05:n xi the some time the brandy itt wine alone in rent rompiam and Ithrters Over me pit of lb math and tome rxtreruitie, The spar n. •ornetnnes dirtrenctaglv revere :n this porn. They are greatly retteved by frietton wilh rhotnrontaa remedy) boated and nerd a. a in, ment or red pepper And whiricey heated toget,- In the collapse little inn be dune exerpt gem: hee , te mixture. a tea spoonful every two or hree homes and using the munolonta above named as freely an they can be borne. A pply Gnsternxud ninapiarns and give warm chicken broth miller by muwh or 1.3 oo inject on. Give ale° or a gamut:tut the Wlowing• Powdered Camphor. two drachms, Hof inan'a Anodyne: two ounces; axesi eemesir an ofx-mead,m iili.a.infrytlitivs ! ca. lour times a day :n a half a wine glassful of cold water, is an excellent remedy ta the premonitory and forming stage, for the loosen.as and griping. The fourth period is treated like lypbua. In all the f or,gl,lng a wtil be Sees. that opium I. .t it and the. abunel 1.0 , t sag, et lead its taista ncljlivatita. Their actma to to) 'gait adording relict o candy explained. From a rattan eXatuitoilion of Ole symptoms of the O•aCilar. a rendtly lest that eta first man destatimin are all relerrahie to the Matnentary ra there An eialte:laensilolity 01 the al,alach and bowels .at tile tint putbet—an uneatnero. that very speedily re...in in Most deft-Abet, , au irri tation s e to tie net up throughout the alinientio ry canal. the venation: movements become rniad• ly lac - maned—the accretions are profusely poured forth, becoming thinner and thinner while the or.- cation Augment, until It resembles somewhat Mat caused by the hydragomae cathartms. such an e. terami, hut whatlt in Ile action far ontstrtps teen, .n ellect When it armies at its heneht, the di,. charges coronet aolely of the watery portion of the blood, separated from tt throughout the whom en tent of the intestinal tube. That the came of this disease o a moon ! cal:Mut decide. It certalnly does not ruler blood, or if a does, opium Ps veriv.in antldixe te it It seen. m r...table to rne to recard ❑eN acting en the nervous "yalcin at •argc—lon way somewhat atialagAio to fear, canning a reflux of blood on Internal parts, loovenees and relaxation al the towel, and sphincters, and a seunation at faininrs. and .axikiag. There is ho dorm" milder in Its Bret attack— none more fitglitful Rod fatal it neg . ected. Lot • nay rich on fire. at ita outwit. a groep oI the hand may eXtinglita!l it—neglected a few moment!" de struct,. As Amy:table. W. M. Wright, M. D., Dentist, 1 1 ,11. nod re•.detter on fourth •t oppootr the ttrot Itattlt nos tom 2 o . clot. In 11 . 111,1 root 2 o'clt.tek to 5 P •ettl-I.ly ruin - 00%01,0, A LfILD MA., 01 reel 11, 40.10 r, t oupported for norninalion 10 ..no le,oo. enstol, A nUrrollllollle otitl W10:4 10,, venl,ol. The knolen atolaices 01 Mr Maas, ta..A n. experlence the ufflee. ore .01 1 E . 0 . 011.00 ,1111 ee. .01 - the ..orrect 000.1mrge 01 Its dime:. 1 00a0101001. my, dt1a0,400.1 . i•-• 43.4 Worn- —\, tins Is seuoni al no . t - ur when worm• ap• :Lamaist, an..on, prom.. /nor- ..runiuur lon, onl' upon 4.0/Irllleuf weir anonnon lo int i.rlurs r zhn csr-11:::; oi Ihrse nunoyn, nwl ol land enumon. rlntrlron The, o I- t, a pit, stria n n: groin eipsrnon, iranna after tl.lng lur 1.1 arrs, V,•ars in Ins on, pr .0.u.0r an , l hu.kne il• ...lures. so ilntreive. Ito nu. Ineu,nl no 4 off, o the pui.or I•ul certain nod r Ine,ll,i• Call nrni ,lurriossc 001 ;In I. ll ‘, oi my - .1.1. w 1 knell s I I ttl l'nti p 11,ouove n•ttur nt A 1,1, 1,11 or 11•1••oth • , own•p. n•k ••4,11. dat.• 0 ••••,:tir Up. Yrri•ll.., 10 0 ,1 SVr•$K Coov•-ito, of N,••••I /p,...11•• •• •1 ruld .1111•••• •••1, mrtul•er of oft. parly.., , , rartp,l) ~) to 0..• v../ ale cal acquaknied l• Fire and Marine lcuarnace.—Tunl.,r, ntAt \.r ANIJ IN,LANCY. t rivarterrd I,N—continue& no Insure. upon evrr7 •da ,arnotton of prooem. at N. bu•uf Irrlcx. No V Merl.. NAMUR!. GOII \ II.) Pre • • dtim Hoer= Ser'y ti•ology ►nd LL• Bcrlptnrr• liritont , : 4 PORTER aril continue the tlenv•r% Lecture. , on tht Ilarmoop hetwen• Grol-gp the r4ortpturc. ,rn the 1.1 enmbeFland Preabrterorn Churrn.,Uth .sect, on Tornda,. Wedne..lxy Thur.- Joy, nod Fr Joy oventags ol thin wrck, tt: !woo o'clock - ,L, l'uummsr. , ,,P— Mt FAO, 1 - 011 p announee hi. 0! 1:4/0 rth 100 10h0.. ,pdplate •Coup, Comn,,porr d r .• 0,1011 01 OW AOlllOO.OOlO fOOl , N , Pc ppyll'w3l • T kr, 1 . .11 , 10 !!! I LL 101,011 T." 101, 1E.,zu10 , 1100 NS pr ,, ented by her rrientle, n. ca0.1..14, 1.,, lat. , at the app.., hung etytkvention ..1 ihr Walk S,EI Atamiamoute yam. toy 9 0/Eve I' Al Wont Piel,ll4llt. 011 11, -ion Mos He% i 0 1 .4 A 11,1 to iS•E6I.3-4. de.uq htrr of v A D oarnin, Mount ricasoin. Wa•tongloo county' • A" )u) ATcH KEY wax found yeyn,Juy :11, COW., t ,