The Pittsburgh daily gazette. (Pittsburgh, Pa.) 1847-1851, December 09, 1847, Image 2

uv CRASTUEI BROCI,
PITTSBUR ,
THURSDAY HORNING,
r ?as ft/warm...Jr. trusy 01
1 y, Tri-Weskly, aad Weekly.-
!wiper mamas alsTri-Weekl
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We Westry is INTo Dollar
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, r !a r7-kedsra Sr. It, arkl as early iia day as
Of LUIS, Orismerstal latellwerree, . liar:
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litssuai.—We meant tha
its kaith, before ctir ream ku
with tiui Neziuti Wsz; a enblsei
iiiarest i 'io an. anti will, ammo
coital reading: , I
. .
,PRESIDENT'S MES§AL
o the &nide and House of Repuentatioes of
ileVnikd Sinks: '
'lli mind meeting of Congres: is 'always an
• • *ma- TI 2 O Relosonitays° of th•
and a ..tha mie come p l .h kr their,
molts of Ir century, as • free and lodepsoden
• • I the problem no Looser remains to
• , whither man fs amtpatant .Of seltgorern.
Tb. area= of ormoiliiimble system is
loaim!refutation of the thecohn of those in
reknit:lm, who maintain dun • favored few
• bum to Ma, and that the mail of mankind
must be gemmed by face. tilebip to no arbi
trary ar benditary authority, the 'people ma
only sowandgna recognized by our Connie:aka.
ammo= emigrant. cf every lineage and lan
guage, attended by the civil and raligklur freedom '' l
wi enjoy, and by oat happy condition, annually
amid to our shorn, and unnefer their henna-not
hoe than their illnesses, to the 'country whom
dominion lbefoup alone to the people. • .
No country Mohnen to much fooradot sbonkl
aiknowitalgo with deeper reverence the =am.
Alaimo of the Divine Protection. ,
- .
• An aU wise Chador directed and guarded no in
• • r intent etruggle for freedom, and has =want.
ig welched off er our waptiaing prograw until we
have hernese'one of the great nations of the eenit.
It hi' in a an:runny thee favored, and undo, a
goisintisted is which the empanel! and legidativo
branches bold their authority for limited periods
- Ake y g ornrhe *pie. and where all are respond.
hie to their reepeerive ; conatitamioiee,.that it is
again my duty to communicate ;with Congress
upon the state of the Union and the present con
dition of:public Adm.: I
Dating the put year, the MGM gratifying proofs
to presented that our country:has been blessed
with a wide spread end univewid. pomperity.—
Them *been no period since -the government
we; founded, when all the industrial pustular of
oar / ample have been Mere succesiluX or when la.
bg t , bi branches of badness,' has remind a
haw or bean reward. From our ableidioraape
wpm wen eoabi d to ywrform the ?lasing dory of
(=Wag y oo g yo:the staming:miliotur of left fa.
toted eauntties..
In the adorns_ nt of this b;elOtiee of Providence
at home, such as have drely (alien to the lot of
any Peale, it is OM" COOkreleilltkut that our
intermits with ail the powers of the Muth, ex
cept MOP?, Pontiac" to be of etniaebbl oho
. It hen ever been one policy to cold.
rate paseetend good will with all nations, and this
pato his been steadily preeerved by me.
No- change pai s taken place moor relations with
Mesicosince the adjattroment of the list CongrEr.
Mot wain. which the Iltdissi State. was Arced
to sows with the Government h( that country
IdU
I deem it ennecessary; atla s the toll exposition
. _
i ofthen contained in my mange of the I lar of
• May. 1846, and In my annual menage at the arm
• menorment of the essoin of Campania Deecro.
tor ha: to reiterate the. seriomf - causes of coin- ,
plaint which we bad ;against' Mexico before she
commenced host/dins& • I ' • ,
• - It is sufficient oa the present road= to my
that the wanton violation of the rights of personi
. and property of our citizens, committed by htexi• I
co, her repeated acts of bad faith through a long ;
series of years, and her disregard of solemn treat. I
US Itiptahn for indamatatly to otti injured chi."
sans not only austinded pulite Manse of war on'
our part but were of ark an Antonin etoonter
ea would have justified no before the whole wand
in resoding to this extreme remedy.. With 1111
anxious dedre Mood a repulse between the two 1
antatries, we imbue, foe years to snort oar deal
righti by fun* and continued to seek redness for
the WOOF we had suffered by amiable sweetie
- lion, in the hope Mit Mexicomlght had to wide
poet& end demonised jestia. lln this hope we
weers'ilheypinted. Our inhibit:on( pesos not to
t Mateo was inerdlinglf rejected..l • )
The Mexican command refused 0.813 to bear
eta terms of mijustateat which he was autbazed I
to prop., and finally under wholly anjustifiabla
,-.- paters laeoltred the two countries in war, by in
: wa di ng the un,ritory of the State of Texan, sulk-
• • ices the Ent blow, and shedding the blood of our
own citizen. on oar ihon soil. 1
m e ne t the glatr,d „States wereAter aggrieved
nation Mexico ounmenced the; +mei, and wo were
compelled, in self defence to noel lenders. and
to *wheats the eaticnal honor end Wends, by
remain; It with Wee, until we could *rein .
yarn end honorable pane. • 1
• On hearing that Imetilities had; been comosen;!
ad- by Mexico. I promptly caimunlcated that
fact, accompanied. with a succinct stnementof
. our other mss of eixoplaint Nigair4 Maxi/r, id
Coupes.; sod that body, by the of the 13th
of May 1640,decluoi that oby the act of the Rs;
Pan of Moil* acetate of was chats between
' that nowernment and;the 'gaited States." I
This ad declining the war to exist by the set
of the Republic of Maria, and making penis.
ion for its permeation to a speedy and enconefed ,
wriaination, was pawed with greet unanimity by
Ceenans, there being but two negative voles In
this Renate, and bed,thorteen in the home of Rep:,,
•.- yessestatiree. _ I . , ~
". no exigent* of the war lumina thus been &sJ,I
ilead'ikpougres, it became toy duty,under the I
mediation end the ban, to =duct Ind . pain 1
.'tote it. This duty his been performed, end rho''
- at any step, of in propose, I have nunibited
m wiffilartese ta:letraitrata 'lt by a Joel, peace,
- Mexico ha; aimed to accede to any tam ethic.'
could be axeyeted by the United States consident.
.ty with the Retinae! Manor and ieterest
The rapid and brilliant suctorns of 'oar arm:,
end thi seat extent of the enemy's territory which
bad been overrun ad conquered before the gloss
of the last swim of ; Ccr_zrow wire folly known I
to thet body.
' Since that time, ,the war has been prosecuted
withh increased energy, and I am ;nailed to state
with a aeons which commenthearibrinal del.
cation: ' Hertory psalm no pendia of so may
likWilgill WiCtatiel at:biased by any m a, w i t hi n
to dud a period. Oar army, Regular! sad Vol.
inners. have covered them/elm. with imperisha .
hie. honors. Whenever and wherever our forces
ban entotrotera. the enemy, Sthugh he won In
vastly soperiot numbeis, and often entrenched in
fortilled primes of his own 'Meal= end of
Itniatoinsf4thr be bat best Monied. goo nnu t,
.prahre 'cannot be Unwed -upon Our officers sad
asa, regale and adulterer', end their gallantry;
discipline, indoadtable courage and peroweraoce,
all making the post of damps. and vein with
each other in deeds of noble dadin. 1
While every patriot' A bast rogue salt, end a •
feat national pride animate any Sower in behold.'
l og the high proofs of consummate military shill,
.
needy' diedpfues, and humanity td the vanquished • •
enemy, exhibited ty our gallant army, the nation
is called to mourn over the lose of many beau of
' Serra end soldiers Who ben fallen in the defence
alba ountry'stunots and lutenaa; The brae
•
deed met their melancholy fete in .e foreign lend,
' wail disobnitipif their duty, with their sevnley'e
len nectar triumphantly In the fees of the kw.-
' Their patriotic dark are justly aPponnted. and' .
will Imen be canembessid by their grateful country.
_len. The parental C 1111) at thagenenuatmt, they
loved and eased, sheaf be extent* to their am
. Shear atter the adjoareetwurt of 1W last ameba
ot Carew. the gmblying intrilipsice was nor.' ',
ed of lasagna' many of Banta Vein sad of rtes
fell of the arty el Vera Cron, sad itch it thri strong
Cute of i.e Jean De .Vtioe, by which it Ism Or.
- fantod: i Naming Uaol entre the. awl otbst sue.'
woes sea honorable weer arms, mid en disastrous
to liffenlF, po the pettixi_was prepitina to o ff er her
soother :toady, if awe thought proper to em.
tines it. to seter into ooptiation fur peace, a EMI,
'miseioner wee appointed to proceed to Um baud
i g m une Mr oar /My, with felt prnettr to trier upon
. siegonation end to enacted. a just and bononne
gunny off peace . lie was not directed to mar any
new ne n r eare. ,a( pate, bat was the bearer or a
stispatehLrom du Secret.? of :tun of the United
u
stun the Minna of harelip Malin of Mexico
is reply one weaved from the War, of the Zed
of F t WM /Cuadra th e Madman Ututana
neat we loomed of Cod appal/M rust
utat, of his
cwo ,
at the had qualms et au army. and abet
asWetted with MS powers te coaled. a der
firth . Peas a Mao Whllo4/WW We 1 Mistime Goy.
asoneey might signify • desire to do co. Wine I
ises a r i pms to esb,Pect the United States to nab
ar t refeed. I ' was yet - rese/unt tied lb.
en* • the war 'herald aot be protracted s day lon.
jert thteart bereadered abeedetely . se,oneury by
One inn taken ter Pa DO inett
Caserainsoon which coda la aryl
Niihau telfdary'aperations , or tote
In the ganientioa of the War, - 14
witheitibi any manner, to coach
neat ali Wall eatthereaed to midi
don to the Ointril la antimard I
n& ILI 40 MIA of itaay icio‘
wild am do put of 'XlMitee ND
1 ...,
blot*Ooo of thot fol. Go ,
....._• • maVi.% , ,:r.r." - :"*.... ,- ,t ' -, ...e.
"1 -- '• - • 4 ,4 -. .,.'i',.i..1 , :ii ,
i -
. .
s t 4,
NEL
of such gantingencyand on receiving Dottie there
of. the General in command was instructed by the
Beattary of War to suspend further 'active oper,
00128 until further orders. Thai instructions
were given with a view to Intermit hi:wadies un
til the treaty, tbui ratified by Mexico, could be
transmitted to Warbingtoo, end moire the action
of the Government of the United &atm
The corniMioner was also directed, on reach.
I lug the army. to deliver to the General in Coen•
mend the despatch which he bare form the Bear;
ury of Stale to the Minbier of Foreign Affairs of
of Mexico; and on receiving it the General was
instructed by the &crater! of War to nun, it to
be tranemitted to the commander of the Mexican
form with a request that it might be commauicat•
ed to his Government.
The ComminiMser did cot reach the bed:guar•
la s of the array nail alter mother b ri lliant rio
airy bad aowned 'our Irma at Caro Gordo:
'ne despatch which be bore from the Secretary IN
War to the General In command of the Army, was ret
eeived by that clear, then at /slaps, on dm 7th day o
May, 160,logrither.arith the dupla eh of the Secretary
of emu to the 'Minister of foreign. ad in of Mexteof
Laving been transmuted to biro from Vera Con. The
COIIIMIMINICr arrived at the bead trimmer. of the
army a few Allays afterwirds. His presence with the
army, and his diplomatic character, wore made known
to the ftle tine Goventonen: from Nubia: on the 14th of
lone, Ile; by 614 UItidUIIISPIOM o6the despatch from the,
memory of Sum to the Umlaut . of Foreign Lifers' of
hle Leo ;
.• •
Many weeks after its receipt and no overtimes were
made, nor was any desire expressed brute Mexican '
tiovernment to enter four negotiations of peace. I
Omany paranoid income's upon the Capitol, and an
It approached it, was met by formidable resistance. Oar
Siren Ant enconatered the enemy and achieved signal
victories in the nevanly contested bald. of Contreras I
and Cherebnaeo. It was not notii after these netions
haft iresulted in deciaive vieteri., end the Capitol of Me
enemy aria withhs oarpower,that the hicaman Gover o .
meal ounifeard any dinpoao. 10 enter into negotia
tions &remote, asd even then events moved there ts
tat smelt Kann to beliere they were insincere, and that
in agreeing to go through the forms of negotiation, as'
object was to pin owe to etrefigtben the defences of
their Capitol and prepare for freah reaisuome.
The general in command of the army deemed.it
expedient to mitheed hostilities temporarily. by en.
truing into an armistice; *hit a view to the opening
of negonatione. :Commissioners were appointed
on the part of Mexico to meet the Comiumsion
en on the . put: of thui United States. The
result ol the confereeces w blob took place
between these Imictionariee of the two Govern
meats, was a' failure to conclude a treaty of peace.
. The Commistionesol the U. S, took with him
the project, of the treats already prepared, by the
terms ol white; the indemnity required by the
Veiled State. was a cession al territory.
It is well known that the only indemnity which
is in the power of Merticolto make, in unanchor;
of the just and long defermid claims of one citizens
against ber.toil the only ilium by which eke can
remobarse the United Stat.n for the elpenses of
the war, is a analoo to the United Sulu of a
portion of her territory. Mexico has not money
to pay. And no other meant, of makieg the required
indemnity. 11 we refuse thin weCID obtain moth-
log eine. To reject indemnity, by relaaing to ac
cept a cannon ol territory, would he to abandon:lll
ourijoet demands, and to wage the war, leaving all
it. espenees without a parpeee of definite Object.
A estate of wu abrogates treaties proyiounly ex
isting between the boligerentv, and a treaty of
peace pots an end to ell
. claime for indemnity—
for tortuous ids committed louder the authority
of out . govenrinsiit against the critics= of sob.
jects of .another, sinless they are provided for in
its mipalstions.! A treaty of peace which would
terminals the existing war without providing for
indemnity, would unable Mexico, the acknowledg
ed debtor, and herself the aggressor in the wee,
to relieve 'lentil from her jolt liabilities. By
such a treaty, Or citizens who bold just demands
against her, would have no remedy either against
Mexico or their own government. Our duty to
. these citizens most forever prevent such a peace,
and no treaty which does not provide =pie
meanie of discharging those &meads can receive
my suiction.
A treaty of peace amid role all eilating dif
ferences between the two commie. If en ode
'lemur atirion Of territory should be made by such
a treaty, the United States should relate Mexico
from all her liabilities. and assume their palmept
to cum own ageism. It indeed of this the WM
tod States' west to consent to • treaty by Which
Modon shook' again engage to pay the heavy
ammuri Of Indetimtheas, which • just indemnity
In our goveilyzetes end our tritium walla impose
on her, it ts nntorlaaa that she does not possess
the means to onset sitch en emderisking. From
snob a treaty no malt could be anticipated, but
the slime irritating disappointment. which have
heretofore amended the violations of similar treaty
itipuletierse me the part of Monica. Stich a tees.
ty would tiebnt etempareuy cessation of hostili.
time, without the reuctretlmo of the friendship and
good rumleestanding which shouLitharacteeise thrt
future inteumurse between the two tountries.
.
• • • - - -
That Cowper. corderopleted the msoisition of tenit '•
intletee:ty wham Mat body made pron... for the proMemioU
of the war,. le obvious. uot have menati
when in littls theY dPfv.Pntt"C '. mold " o, "• *°d
else fireitest Impkrythe Mb& and to accept the Bereicei
,Pf SW= volunteers to ..able him to prosecute the 'rm. and
when at their ha eestiem end- after oar army had invaded
Idesico,they made additional appropriations and amnion:l
tie mien dad/Wrest temps Lir Me owe pupae, that o
iettemaity wee to be obtained fn. Meat. mmeletien
of the win sal pt it was certain that ilea hlrocan
ry was !squired. so tadmispitp wneld obtained.
It is bathe; wienikst Ore e, - .tyre contemplated territo
rial iademnity, from tr., w. da et Mmkr lett session as bet
Ina planed, nom the - rcheinindtah , PMP 6 .I
bad 3,0904.106 with tisil .0; .0, ehime. 41),.•
11,4 Wet loayatlr IM rpuident to emetude . a tremp . .f,
wee. to eve Aewanse, with dm plepab4e tilstwol
to be mod .11. to dreamt that said tmuy when signed,
Ly the asaborissd epee of the two rwersumnsts, and duty
Tailed by Kmiec still WI foe the cape relitare of the tune
or . say pardon thereet The object of asking this apprepri•
woe ow entrain, *Ord M liturthvral trutmti7 the
jest Wltich I memounicseed to Coops..
nailer appropriations, nude in 1809 and 1806,
which were refined to. were intended to be op
plied in part consideration for the erasion of
Lou'elana and the - Floridan. in like manner. If
was anticipatenhat in tattling the term. of a
treaty of limits and boandariee with Mexico, •
cresiert ef territory, unmated Lobe of ,greater •ab
ne than the imoont of our demands against her,
'might bei obtained. and that the pompt payment
of ilia um in Put comddenttion . for the territory
euded on the e.meitsion of a treaty, and in rati
&glen, on bat part, might be an bulacement with
bar to make sub egad= of territory u would be
satisfied/my to the United Stater, and ethane' the
failure to **dodo such itreaty bar muttered it
unnicessay to use any part of the $3.000.000
approptiated by that act, and the entire sum re..
mains in the treasury, it is still applicable Ito
that *Meet; should the contingency occur, making
nett appropriation Pm*.
The 'Ai:trine of no territory is the doctrine of
no Indemnity, god if sanctioned would be. peddle
adcnowledgement, tot Pitt country was wrong—
that the war deelatpd by Congress with sinew
&my unanimity wu onkel, ond should be
.abienikoted, an admission unfounded in fact, sod
degrading to the notional character.- The terms
of the treatipropeeed by the United States were
not only just to Menu, but' consideriog the
character and amount of Oar Atha.t he unjwtifr•
able - nod noptooked commencement of hestilitied
by tie, the espenaa of the war to which we hare
been ankjected, and the encase which bad attain.
ed our arms, were deemed to he of a mod hind
character.
Tho ComOliesiotter of the United States woo
authorised to agree to the establishment of the
Rio Grande pe the boundary, from its extension
into the Golf to its intersection with the south
ern Now td.xi.9, in the Mirth lan-
tude abOut 32 deg., and to obtain cerion to th
Ilnitid Statea of the province of New 1%1 e.tic.
and the Cabral:du, and the privilege of the
Right of Way across the Is:throve of Tehauote.
pec. The boundary of the Rio Grande and the
cession to the United States of New Mexico and
Upper California, cosiststrited an ultimatum
which our Commistioner was, under no cirenn,
dances, to yield. •
That it might be manifest not only to Mexico,
but To all other nations, that the United States
were not disposed to take advantage of a feeble,
power, by scale:ling upon wresting from her all
the other provinces, isoloding many of her prin
cipal towns and cities, which we had conquered
and held in Our military occupations, but were
willing to conclude a treaty in a spirit of liberal
ity, opt. commissioner wai authorized to etipulate
for the restontion to Mexico of all our other.
mammals.
As the territory to boScquired by the bound
ary props:met might he estimated to be of greater
valve than a fair equivalent for oar jest demands,
our commiesioiser was authorized to atiPulite for
the payment of such additional pecuniary con
adoration &ewes deemed reawn►bb.
This term' of a toasty proposed by the Maxie
can Cessusisikusen were wholly Inadminable.—
They nevelt* sa jf Mexico were the vietosi.
ono pad DM the vanquished party: they must.
Uri' known that dm ultimatum would tuner be'
accepted. It required the UuUsti States to dis
member Taw, by murendering to Mexico that
pall of the 4 1 Ann of that State lying between
the hitiores rind the Rio Grande, included within
her ikons by bar lews.wheo she was an inde
pendent reputdio—and when she was annexed
to the Maul States,stod admitted !by Congress
as one of Lb* Stars, of our Union. It contained
no provision for the payment by Mexico of the
just claims of our citizens. It teckuired indem
nity to Mexican citizens for injuries they may
have sustained by our troop., in the pnisecotion
of the war. . It demanded the right for Mexico
to levy and collect the Mexican Tariff of duties
on good. imported into ber while'rn our
military occupation doting the war, and the
owners of which had paid to officers of the Uni
ted States the military contributions which had
been levied upon them ; and it offered to cede to
the UMW States for a pecuniary consideration
that pert id upper California lying north of lati
tude 37 deg. Cinch V,Ke the notaasonable bums
proposed by the Mexican Commissioners.
The union to the United Stow by Mexico
of the pyrrhics of New Mexico and the Califor
nias, u proposed by...the Commissioner
of the
v e tted States, it wolelieved, would be. mere
in accordance with the convenience and inter
ests of both nations'than any other cession of
tettitory which it woo probable Mexico would
be Winced to Make,
It is muffed to all who have observed the
s t olid cognion of the Meat=.gotrontment
for wens pin pept,_ land, et, present, that if
thew pmrinwes,sWd bo retuned by her, ohs
Mad: woi /Ng - 004/430 Old Ited Morn
way haulm
1 7 = 13 °
doss opas.
hainsinw
d the warn
dkoded
blifecdni
. .1.0 1 - {~i.
.. t ' .~...
them. Mexico' too feeble a powerlo gavel*
these prirrinces— , lying, as they do,l at a dis
tance of more than a thousand milei from her
capital • and if attempted to be retained by her,
they arCialdnomditute but for a short time, even
nominally, a part of her dominions. This would
be especially the: case with Upper lalifornia.
The sagacity of powerful European nations bus
bug since directed their attention to the Coln
mercial importune, of that provioce,iand there
can be little doubt thit the moment the United
States shaillelinquish their present occupation
of it, and their claim' to it an indemnity, on
fort will be made i some foreign power to pos
seas it, either by conquest or by porchase. If
no foreign government 'should acquire it, in ei
ther of these males, en independent revolution
ary goveruniettt would probably be established
by the inhaNtanti, and ouch 'foreigners as may
remain in ot. remove - ta the couitry;as soma as
it shall be known that the United State, have
abandoned it. Stick a goVernment would be too
feeble to maintain iii +rowele independent ex
istence, and would finally become annexed to,
or bnit dependent colony of mine more power
ful State.
I Should any (reign : Governoient : attempt to
metsess it an a colony, or othenrite to incorpoii
rate it witnitself, the Principle avowed by !res
ident Monroe, in 1E0.4, and rii;affirined 'in my
,
first annual Mentage, i that ho _
,'Foreign Power
would, with our nonsent, be permitted to plant
or establish 'any heat colony or dominion on any
part of the North timerican Continent, most be
Maintained- In maintainingi this principle, and
in resistingl its invasion by any foreign power,
we might be involved in other wain more ex
peasiee and more difficult than that in which
we are now engaged., They provinces of New
Mexico and the Californias are contiguous to the
territoryof the United States, and if brought un r
der the government of our laws, their resources,
mineral, agriculinral, manufacturing, and com
mercial, would aeon he developed. •
Upper California is bounded on the North by
oar Oregon possessions, audit' held by the Uni
ted States would soon be settled, by nheidy.
enterprising, intelligeet portion of our population.
The Bay of Sin kresehico '
mid other harbors
along the California coast. wo uld•afford a shelter
(or our Navy, for 011t.numerpoliwnale chips and
other merchant:refuels, employed in the Pacific
ocean, and would in a shoal period become the
marts of an extensive and profitable commerce
with Chine and Mbar countries' of the comet.
Theee advantages, in which the whole com
mercial woildpOrticipate, would at 'once be ea
cared to the United States by The cession of thie
territory, While it is certain that .0 10ng.., it re
mains a pert of ithe Mexican domains, they can
be enjoyed ;neifher by Mexicd herself nor by
any other Portidn. t
New Meximi is a frontier province, end has
never been ef any coMaiderdblelvalue to Mexico.
From its hicalitY, it IS naturally connembd with
our .western settlements. The territorial limits
of. the State of Tessa, too', defided:hy her
laws, before her adroieion IMP our Cfnitin, em
brace all that.pOrtion•of New Mexiculying east
of 'the Rid Grinds, While Mexico plill claim. to
hold this tertitery ml 4 part of her 'dominions—
This adjustment or this question of boundary is
T6ero is another coeidderstion Which indoced the
belief that the .tilesican government might even de
sire to place this province under the , protection of
the giverninent of the .1.1 S. Numerous bands n 1
fierce and warlike baseges weeder ever it. Mexico
his been !and !- must comma° to be too feeble no
restrain them from conimig depredation., rob
berie. sod Mrs
urde, not Only pen the inhabitants of
New fkletico itself, bat upon thosti of the other
Northern Stateil of Mexico. It would be a blessing
to all thew . Northern StAtt•lo have their citizens
protected nylost them by the, power of the United
States. ! '
At this moment many Mexican., principally fe.
collar and children, are en impurity among them.—
If New Memo were held and governed by the
United Smits, we could effeenially.preveat Thew
trams from committing Inch outrages, and compel
them to release their espies and restore them to
their famdes and kends. k
In propcsing to acquire New Mexico sad the
California, it Wu known that trot an niconstderable
portion of the htexium people would be true/Owed
with them, the country embraced within these pro
wince. being chiefly an uninhabited ocelots.
These wore the leading conaldenitioas which In
duced me to anthems the terms of peace which
were proposed to Alcamo. They were rejected,
and a.4•Ltallosis being at no end, hostilities were
renewed, mod an =anis wee made by our gallant
army. upon. the strongly fondled places Dear the
gate. of th'is City of Mexico, and upon this city it.
self and after several do,. of severe costlier, the
Mexican forces, wanly superior in nonibers to our
own, were driven from the city, and et rat occupied
by Our Weep.. 7 ___
Immrdomely after information teasi recemed of the
on ts yam. le result of the 11,1,1[111HW, bet tev•ng That his
conunued pit-score with the atop could be peoduenve
of co st tot, / deprounad ia feral out Commttwoner. A
&Tama to dim affect - Imm trantinuted is hint. the CM
of October last! The blegteunlcoventumntlrlll ha in.
roirs P l " AV ,7J7k::::l, th pg..inrt,",,lfiV°:.,Tibel
overture. of peace, but shall be at ant rnaa ready m
receive and roomier any pm/payola which Ybe muff
by idea maJ
Ilince tivllhetal propowtion of Ma United idea ers•
authorised to be mule, in Aped Mat, large es admires
have Wan mraired, and die goevicats bleed pf in.) sd
our potnotia tallow mown. has been .and to the prove
cotton ot the war. Ihts roamderatino, and the obsima e
2emeserance of Minima in pnatraciing the warmest
tellaeoca the terms of pence which it may by deemed
p to steep ' , I
Our anus marmot been every where inmate:am hating
oubjected woo, military eccupanon 5 Mtge porton ot
the enemy's colintry,lucludtag los Capitol. slog argon-
VAUD. for peace having failed, Mt Dammam. question
moan in what manner the inir ought to be prosecuted.
and what .hoeld be our fame palmy I earnin doabt
that we Moeda teems and render available the env
p a n
car mot Lata almady tondo, and Mat anth dats
pan wr aboard Mid and octupt by our nava and in b
ury foreml all the vitt towns, and protium./ mt.. Altair
occupation, or wlndi may hereafter fall Imo ourp,ta ,
Ptlllb.., Mat no/should mew forward out mi nail op,
ro am, and jevy such military contnbonont on the
ocam p. may 02 far . it/act/rabic, dtha7 the Moue
',span. , of the war .
Had the government of Mexico sextette,' te the
favorable terms proposed. that male of adjustment
would have bun• preferred. Mexico having dee
dined to do this. and failed to offer any other
terms which, could be accepted by the Ilattesl
Staten, Nationid Honor no leer than the public
interest reqatres that the warshould be prosecuted
with increased mem and power, until spat and
satisfactory peace con be obtained.
lo the meantime, as Melia mks= all intern
they, we &oaf adopt messaree to indemnify our.
*elm, bylapproptuting peraturently a portion of
her tenitary.i Early after the commencement of
the war, Hew Mexico'and the Californlmwere
bans possaainn of by Der forest. Oar military
and naval, anzananders were °Mend to conquer
and bold them subject to be diapurd of by a tree.
try of peace
1 These province. are now in our =disputed oe.
copetion. and ha.. been no for many 'math.—
111 Itraoll.oCo o , lphis path of Medico having maimed
within tlreiri limos. ;.am unarm.] that 'they
should wrier be surrendered la Mesita. Should
Congress 1 coccur with me in this opinion, and
that they should be fetained by the United Hiatus
Is indemnity, 1 coot perceive no,good reason why
the ciuljurtallenost and laws of ilia Volta] Stain
should not at once be extendasl over them. To
wan for •.i . eray id roue, such sa, we are willing
to ;peke. y which our relation. towards them
;wild bechenesahorsonot 1-c 'gad policy, whilst
or own interest, slid that of the people inhabit.
tog them, require that a stable,: responsible. and
l ear wiverbrutiol, under our apthortty, elinuld bat
e r a coon es pus-iblo eetablishod over them.
tiliould ,f% ingress then fo-ti; determine to hold
these pratincee permanen:ty. and that they shall
hereafter be cones,/cid u constituent parts of our
country, the early ratablialuaent of territorial gate.
pnamenls over them volt be importent for thin mote
erfect protection of newtna enu property; end I
recommend that auch territorial governments be
eetablivhed. It will pirom..de pi.suo an I tranquil.
iiy awns the inhablisrils, by allaying all spore
tension that they may still entertain of being a.
gun eqbjaited to the jausaietton of Mexico. I
mute the early end earnest constierapon of Cong
ress Ito thid important subject.
Batiks
Batiks New Mexico end the Californies„thete •
are tuber Monk•El provinces which have been re
dueed to otr pruiession by conquest.' lbeeo oth.
ar Mexican proems* ma now gummed by our
military and naval commanders. undOT t!lo general
authority which is conferred Upon a co:loner by
the. Laws of war. They should continue to be
held, a#41;04111 coercing Mexico to secede to juit
term. of peed*. Ctri se well an military ClirMi•
are respired to conduct men a government. Ade
quate eompumation, to be drown from ara.„-tribra.
clone levied eel the enemy. should be fixed ly law
for ouch atficar. umay be 001 employed. What
farther provision may become neessisery, acid what
final disposition it may le proper to make of them
must depend Ms the further progress of the was,
and the coo llill which Mexico may think proper
hereafter as piper'.
With the new. j entertain, I cannot (*.or the
policy which has been suggested, either far with
draw our arm ' , altogether, or to retire beg desig.
naiad line aml simply hold and defend it. To
withdraw our army altogether from ths anapests
they have ditch by deed. of unparellelled bravery,
and at the expanse of so much blood and treas
ure, In a just hear on our put, end one which, by
the act of the enemy, era could not have honorably
avoided, wmild be to degrade the nation la in Own
estimation and that of the world, To ratite to a
line and simply bold end defend it, would not lee.
miner, the sear. Oa the contrary, it would en.
courage Mexico to persevere, and tend to protract
It indefinitely.
It la not to be expected that Mexico. after rain-
sing is unlit:oh each aline ac 'a boundary, when
our victoriou army ate in possession of bar capi
tal and in the bean of her tonna, ' would P.r
mit cis to hold it without. reenetance. That she
would Mlll4Oll. the War, .nd in this moot berms.
deg and annoying forme, Uteri can be no doubt.
A binder warfare of the most usage chancter,
extending over • long line, would be tummainely
waged. ft ' ,would require a lOp army to ho kept
continually i n the field, stationed at pdda and gar.
risons along such allue, to protect and " defend it.
The enemy, relieved from the pleasure of our 1
arms
on his touts and to the populous pule of
the interior ' would direct his attentiou to fillilicur ,
and wilocti;sir an ituleted pole foretteek,woold
coneentral• hie Inert upuo it, , - •
.- ‘ '
~~.
IThis would Its a coeffition of affairs which . the
, Mexicans, punning tbeir favorite tjstem Of gum
rills warfare, wound ratably prefer' to soy 'whir.
Were ens to mum= a defensivesttitude on sash pm:. all disadvantages of such estate of war
- Mid Ge on the ride of the ' enemy. %Ve cued
L•
levy no contributions on him; er in arty way mike
him feel the preiwure of the war. bat must. remain
, inactive and await his approach, Wog in egratent
1
uncertainty at what point of the linear at what
time be might make,tbe meal!. -
He may assemble and reorganize an overwhelm.
1 ing force In the interior on his own side of the
1 line, and concealing his purpose, make s sudden
lassault upon some of our posts, so 1 distant from
,
say other, no to prevent the possibility of timely
' succor or reinforcements, and in ling way:our gal
lant army would be exposed to the dangers of to
big cat off lo detrili or if by their =rivalled bra
, very and pmwew everywhere exhibited dining this
war, they should repulse the enemy; their run
berg stationed at any one point may be too small
to pantie him. If thoenemy be repulsed in one
attack he would have nothing else to do but to
retreat to his own aide of the linei and being in
no fear of a pursuing ermy, may reinforce him
self at leisure for another attack as the same er
some other poet. He may, toi., trove the line he.
tweet) our posts, make rapid incursions into the
cote:thy which we hold, murder the Inhabitants on
them end •then retreat to the interim before a suf.
fielent form can be cancentrated to I pursue him.
Such would probably be the harassing character
of a mere defensive war on our pine If our for.
sea, when attacked, or threatened with attack, be
permitted to eras. the line, drive tack the enemy
and conquer him, this would be again to invade
the country after having last all the advantages of
the conquests We have already made by hash!'
I goluatanly abandoned them.
torrid such a nee successfully and in secu
rity,. it haat froi;eing certain that it !would not
require am large army as would be necessa
ry trfoltold all the conquests we have already 1
elide,: and to *coitinue the prosecution of the 1
war in the heart ef the enemy's country. It' Es
also far from being certain that the' espouses of' .
the war would be diminished by each a policy.
lem persuadethat th e best memo', of viudi
catiug the ?Atli al Honor and interest, and of
bringing thew to an honorable claw, will be
to prosecute it with increased eithrgy and power
6, 1 ,
in the vital parts of the enemy'i country.
In my sauna Message to Congress, of De
cember, I deemed that the war has not been
waged with a vi'w to conquest, bat having Mee
commenced by Mexico, it has been carried into
the =ewes roUntry, end will be vigorously
prosecuted thini with a view to obtain at hon
orable pence, and thereby 'mute amplaindem
nity fog the exrises of the war, as well as to
our much Lore citizeov, whO hold large pecu
niary demands siert Mexico. Sucb. es my
judgment, coa ti urn to be our true policy—in
deed, the only policy which will probably weer.
/ I
a irrnattient peace. . .
.. .
It hat never been cronemplated by meets an ob.
jeer of the war to make • permanent conquest 'of
the Republic of Mexico, or to annihilate her sop.
crate existences an independent nation. On the
contrary, It hat ever been my dune that she
should maintain bee nationality, and under. goad
government; adapted to her condition, be • free,
independant,'lmd prosperous Republic. The UM
tad State. were the font among the nations to re.
cognize her independence, and have always deeit
ed tone on terms of amity and good neighborf
boalarith her.
This she would not suffer. By her own.Sraii
duct we have been compelled to engage itilles
present war. Ig pa prouctitlon we seek - not - bit
overthrow as a nation, but In vindicatinc out in.
timed honor, we seek to obtain hedteesjor, the
wrongs she has done us, and inclement* just
demand. against her. We demand an Inientable
peace; and - that peace must bring with It indem
nity for the pest, and security for the future. Hith
erto Mexico hat refused all accouutudetioa by
which such a puree could be obtained.
Whilst one armies bees advanced from victory
to vicinity. from the commencement of the win, it
has Morays been with the olive branch of Mime
in Pair hands, and it has been in the power of
Mexico at every step to amen hostihticr o lty at
ceptiag it. _
One great obstacle to • the attainment pf peace
he. undoubtedly wimp from the fun the Mexico
hat been so long held in subjection by one faction
or military ueurpuraftar 010111111% And such has
been the condition of insecurity in which tbesun.
moire governments have been placed, hut each
has been deterred from making peace, lost fat this
very cause • rival faction might expel it from pow. I
err. Such was the- rut of President Hertetale sit.'
ministration in 1845, fir being divot:al even to
listen to the war, as ie fully conferaxiii by tine of
Mal correeposidence which . tor* plan to the
month of Angust lut, tletweent him auntie gee.
ernment. tawny of which is herewith comizmnii
cued. For awesome alone, the nerdatiort - Which
displaced him from power was set on foot by Gen.
Pared... Bneti easy be the condition of ineutaii
ty of the preeenl government.
There can be no doubt that the peaceable end
well dispoeed ishabitants of Mexico ere cortvin•
eed that it is the true intermit pf their country
lo conclude au honorable peace with the United
States, but the apprehension of hemming the
victims of inane military faction or =toper, may
have preveited them'from manifesting dui ,
feelings by any public art.
.The removal of any
ouch apprehemens would probably emir them
to speak their sentiments freely, and tit azitept
the measures neceseery for the reunraticirt:of
peace. With a people distracted and divided-by
contending-blames, and a - gevenentent subject
to constant changes by succeceive revolutions,
the continued success of our emu may fatto
secure aeatiufaotory peace. In such en eclat
it may become creeper for oar .commanding /ni
-1 corrals in the field to give IHICOUrifeILIOUt rind
assurance of protection to the friends of peace
in Mexico, in the establishment and ruaintkin
lance of a free Republican government of their
own choice, lawny, willing to conclude a puree
which would be just to them, arid secure the
indemnity we demand.
Thiel may become the only Mode of detaining
ouch a pea*. lihould such bithe result, the war
which 1110XiCit du forced upon rte would thus be
converted - Into act enduring blaming to henelf. At
ter finding her 'torn and distracted by radians mid
ruled by military usurpers, we should then Rive
her with • Republican government, in the enjzy.
meet of reel independence, Jazienin pence, and
prosperity, performing all her relatirri duties in the
great family of nation., - and promoting hoc owe
het -pine., by wire lege and their faithful Mem
If after atronling thin encouragement anti. pro•
taction, if after all Vito flGlonvering . and' Sincere
- efforts we have!made from the moment. Mexico
commenced the war and poi or to that time to ad
jure our d fronton. with her, we shall ultimately
tail, thee pre shell hare ezhended all . honorable
mescal in pursuit Of 1.•3C., and must continue to
occupy her' country with our troupe. hiking the
full owasuie of indemnity into our own holldo,
and roue enforce the urine which our Weer de.
manes.
I
To act otherwiise, in the existing stets of things
in Mello°, and to withdrew cow 'army without •
peace. would not only leave the *romp of which
we complain unredreraetl, but would lee the signal
farness and Ili lie civil dirsanidusis, mffler, rein.
lotion,, all alike ti,artile to peaceful relations with
the United Smite,
Dodd., Puna iv Jaeger, if OW trap were
withdrawn Ltfas c, :Isere war concluded; thiit the
Malian peokle, weelnf with enceesoirs revidu•
lions, and deprived of 'protection fOr. . their peisapo
and property, might at length be incrmed to yield
to foreign inquarlcs ' end to coot tbetneetrot. into
the armpt anise Illoropean Monarch for prOttc
lion from the enetehy end 011irtltiairdAth Would
eerie. Thj• foi l our own rarely, and In piarin
anee of our cor(**rid pelicy, we ol)ottld be CM:.
pallid to traiet4 We cotth) parer calm/ant that
lifork.4 shook! bd thin eutivetted lOtoa maarchy,
governed by a Lifiau Prince, ,
Ilfezica I. °tamest neigidoca, and her b+irwid.
*nap ere coterminous !Pith our o wn, throug h the
arboldeltnnt, actiwv ani lljoith 4.toaricau Pond ,
Dent, from ocean to ocean. froth rpolitlealil and
commercially: we hive the &Ripest., lateral in her
regeneration iMI pro parity. Indeed,it so ictiponii•
hie that With any just regard to otti own safety,
we can prpr become indifferent to bar fate.
It may he tha t the Nett= Government, and
people hare minconstrusii qr volantiliwatnoill opt
forbeensnce add o tr.objecla.ln dishing to conclude
an amicable adju, r,
men' of the sliding differences
between the two nutrias. , ,
They may have .apposed that we would submit,
to the terms degrading to the nation, or they may
have drawn fatal , Inferences .from iha stipiasved
dividon of opinio in the United States on the
'abject of the war, and many have calculated to
nein ssinat by : pmtr4rliap it, and Indeed • that !we.
might ultimately abandon It altinnithsr, without : ,
insisting , nn any Indemnity—territorial or other. I
wisej Whatever. may have been the (else km
presaions under which they have acted, the adop
tion and proirecntionll the energetic policy pre
postal =linemen undeceive them. • , ,
In the vinare ligmweedoo 6( the Isar , the cum r Mart
mast be Mae in feel us grossage I=4o 41411140 r hove
ecrawfaci ao:1 1 :, „ ;
i A , t i :; ! ls n cot . r r ilric:= ea: accod
. l e7y r' lrth Ale end uf view, e of
arly roam " reanodare,,,, lib
adopted
d to conciliate. as far as a stem of cur would
permit. the wain of the Mexican pobulation: ni; esio•.
...Ica team that the war was clot waged senor the'
martial inhabitemsof Melte°, bat sealant their faith.
les, government,
whichfamo,
had atwetenced howildlea; In'
remove from their minds , the titre impression, which
their designing and Interested Wert had artiany. at.
minuted IQ moo: that We wet on oar part Wis one of
cooquelt—tent it was a way stalest their religion cad
their churches, which wero to liti daseeptted hue over-'
thrown, and that their tights of jenon and Ofilale pl.: 1
pent
pnre.:70"01.'.44:0!" '101.1:J1.1t1121X-grlirw!";:tel:12
seraputonaly tn respect when relistoMieci raw reties and
their <hatch property, which vowel In no Manner to be
violated:. Thermic directed afro to 'avocet the rights
of permute aml the property pf all - win shoeliG ow tabs
up was ageism sa. - • • ! i •
Arsurances to this Mkt were gine to the Malawi pee*
by Alai. Gko. Talkie, in a proclamation Wool in p u nnet.
of butrowlew be.. the Semetwy of Wee '
-in the menthe
Jote,lBllkaattappia by Mawr Gmeral halt, erho'eeted ap.
alibis ovraceernetinte of the yeoristrof,ustaies It in a rm.
etainod u sefthi thhofaley lit?. di/ambit of Mat-A
ny end conadiatim,onl wait a view topmast the body of
Ms:Vezina papaheoe fives taking sperms ft./deism-I.M
th. warioadamed ear
ro•-• • • -
Pvide
nt" and other I tarnished -to our
army by Mexican citizens were paid *at for and
liberal price, agreed anon by the ?whim: After the
lame of, a fear months it become apparent that theie
aintrances and till. , treatment had, failed, to
predate! the desired elect epee tim Mexican pope.
While the war bad been ' conducted oa oar
part aecording 'to the •amst buMeue mid Metal
principles, 'obseived by civilised • nation., It was
waged in a tar different spirit of the part of Altai.
I-
• Not appreciating our, forbearmice, the blesteil
people 'generally became biotite' to the United
States, and availed themselves of every opportuni•
ty to commit the , moat savage exemwee upon our
troops. Large - numbers oT the Population took ap
mow, end cogsged in Guerrilla welfare, robbed nod
murdered in the most croelasienner individual tot.
diem or small parties wboin accident or oiher cattail
had emanateit from the more body of one army+
flande,nf Guerrilbs_ and robbers infested the road,
barraged oar !Mies, and whenever it was in their
:power cot od our erapplies.
..,
The idelicanir have rhos shawe themselves tote
wbnll Incspable l :TappremaUng our forlusaranee
and liberality, it es deemed potper to change the
manner or condieting war, by making there
feel its pressure accenting to the usages observed
opiler !Owner eireuramances by all other civilised
nations. Accordingly, ea early 24 the Val of See
leather, I/45, initneliona wereliven by the Secs
retam . of War to IMajor General Taylor, to draw
amp ins foe our army from the enemy, paying Ilk
them, tied to regime contributieps for its iiimport,
if in thet way be woo satisfied he woold get abun
dant etupplies for hi. forces.
In directing the, execution of these instruction..
much Wee nomnal,' left to theidnieretion 'of the
commanding officesovho was bent acquainted with
the eirmimmancee bythleb he was anrroandeg, the
wants of the mai end , the praciltability of valet
clog the measure.l,,
General Taylor, on the 26th of October, 1846
replied from Monterey, that it Mould have heat
impossible hithetto,'ltild ea r- nom, to ~,taro the
amiy to any extent by forced contributions of
money or supplied. For the 'Masotti amigned
him he did not adopt the policy nf his instructions
'
but he' declared his readiWass to dapoorbonld the
, army in it. future operitione reackleilortion of
the country whlCh may be meile**ply .thir
troop. 'With advajitage. ,Ile Cruditifina to pay
for the, articles of supply Wtiich. were drawn
fromsfheenemy'e country.
• Anita: instructioue were Caned to Ma:, Gen.
SoOtt,OO tht3d,tif April. 1847; who replied from
Jelly:yin the troth of May, 1847, that if it be
expected that the army In to euppart Itself by
forced contributions levied Upon the country, we
may rain and. exasperate the, inhabitants and
aterreinareelves The name digieretion wan given
to huq that hid been tO: General Taylor in thin
respect. Gereral Scott; for the reasons assigned
by him, aim eititiade to pay for the' artielea of
supply for thCarmf;which mere drawn from thd
enemy.
.After the em,
„Ay .cached ;the heart of dui
'meet wealthy portion of Mexicd, It was supporteff
that the obstacles which had before that time pre , .
vented it, would nothe such as to render insprae;
tieablethe levy of forced contributions for Mr
support, and on the let September, and nein
on the nth of October 1847, the eider was re-'
pealed in despatches addressedhy the Sec r et ar y' ,
of War to Gen. Scott, and his attention wa
again 'called to the importance of making the
enecui beat the burdens of the war, by requi,!,
ring them to furnish the means of supporting ,
our army, and he was directed to adopt 'this
unlew by doing so there was danger of
depristingthe army of the necessary supplies.—
Copies of thew despatches were forwarded to
Gen. Taylor for his government.
; On Ithe 31st of March last, I caused au - order
'to be.uaued to our military and naval comman
deri, to levy and collect a military contribution
upon lallyesaels i rmd merchandise whichinight
enter any of the, ports of Mexico, in our mili
tary Occupation,'and to apply'- ouch contribu
tions lowanls defraying the e4penset of the
war.. By virtue of the right of conquest and
the lot's of war,' the conqueror, consulting his
own safety or convenience, may either exclude
foreign .commerce altogetherl from all such
pa r tts,!or permit it upon such terms. and condi.
turns es be may Prescribe.
• Before the:principal ports of Mexico were
blockaded. by oui navy, the revenue derived from
import duties under the lawi of Mexico was
paid ',into the Sfexican Treasury. Although
these 0011., had fallen into oui . , military posies.
"Vow, the blockade was. raised, and commerce
with them permitted upon pros'cribrd terns.' nod
I conditions, They.were opened to the trade of
all nations, upon the payment of duties more
moderate in their amount than! those Which had
been 'nevi/platy', been laid bye Mexico, and the
revenge which tell formerly paid into the Meld.
can treasury was directed to be collected by our
colitoiry end naval Oilcan, and applied to the
010 1 41 . 1 our army and navy. Care was taken
that the odleera and soldiers, and sailors of our
army end navy should be eiernpted from the
operations of the order, and as the merchandize
imported, upon which the order operated, must
be coi”tmed by Mexican citizens, the contrib..
tiota }sacred were in effect the seizure of tha
priblintevenues of Mexico; anti the application
of them to our own use. In directing this mea
sure, tbe object woo to compel the enemy to
contribute as far as practicable towards the, ex
penses of the mar.
For, the amount of contributious which have
been levied in this form, I refer you to the ac.
compinying reports of tire Secretary of War,
and of the Sr.etaliy of the Navy, by which it
appears that a sum exceeding halt • Million of
Lollar. have been collected.
. ,
This amount woUld undoubtedly have been
much:larger, turn for the diffichlty of keeping
open commenications: between the coast and
the interior, Ito ai, to enable the. owner, of met
thandiu imported to I transport and vend it to
the inhabitants of the country.,
, It io confidently expected that this 'difficulty
will, to a grthit extent, be orioth removed by our
incresed tomes which have - !been sent to the
field. , Measureelhave recentlylbeerr adopted , by
whir the the internal a. well as external reventres
-of M i xico, in all places in our military oven.
potion, will be received and appropriated to the
use of nor arinkand navy.
Thf policy of levying upon: the enemy con.
' tributfora in every form, condstently with the
law of nations, which it may lie practicable for
military commander, to Adak should, in mlt
judgthent, be : rigidly enforced'. and order, to
this effect have ' accordingly been given. By
ouch e policy, at the same tilt, that our alb
treasury will be: relieved Beni' heavy drath,
the Mexican, people will : he th to feel tlie
burdens of the war, and cement eg their own
Inierzets,ln,fay be induced the re readily to I
recline. thew ruler. to accede to • "nit peace.si' I
Atter the adjolninent of the I t stallion lif
Connie's, eventsitranspired in th prosecutido
of the war, which in my judgine t. required•
greater number of :troops in the hi than bed
been anticipated.'
: The etrengtli o bs, ;mi s ty was
accordingly increased by accelitiii th e sereicia
of I.lllthe volunfeeitorces antheri by the ant I
of the 13th Slay, 11oli- without wing a coi,
aimed". on that art, Are correct of Wheat
Won %friolollj , :tilltiolleti, Then r4 . nicer force. '
flare it, the held; with those whi had been
accepted to serve for twelve minth , and were
discharged at Me Cul d of their term of service,
iegbaurd the silty thousand men authorized by
that act. Had it beep clear thila propper con-
I ..union of the Act War - ranted, the service. of no 1
:additional number Svithtil hey. beau Celled'end 1
'ccspleclibat doubta eiliting upon thls point, I
the porter wan not exercised..
' ' It is deemed important that connnws should
'at an early period of their wesicin confer the nu
Mority to Sal , . an additional regular fern to
'sine during . the :tear with .fileico, and to be
discharged 'upon the conclusien and ratification
'dal . % treaty of peice. I invite the Attention of '
Vnahrfike to the Views presented by the Secs*.
lery of War in his report upon Ithi. aubjeet. I
recommend also that authority be given by law
Ito call, for and Irierept the services Of-an addition
al number of volunteers, to be eXthccised at such
:lime and to. skit extent's. the' ethernencie. of
! ! the I selvicen may pouter,.
• In fityS•ciatittlbe War- with Mexico, whilst
Zhetitilicisi Vere•has been taken ito! avoid. every
jolt ratite of complaint on the ; part of neutral
nation., and none has been given,' liberal privh
lege' bare been granted in thticornuterce in
- the forts -of the enemy , in our ilitary °coupe
lio • I
n. i.
'l'hesliffleulty with the'BrazilieW government,
which ;at one time threatened th- 'interrupt the
-friendly relations. between the itiko countries,
.will,l trust, be speedily adjusted. - ! I have recei•
trust, be
red information that an -Envoy; Extmordinsg
iennlinister Pletiopotentiaiy to the U. Staten
will shortly be appointed. by his Imperial Majes.
ty, and, it is hoped that be will come instructed
and proofed to adjust All ' ramalpinctliflerences
between the two governments in o manner - ad.
Ceptsbje and,honorable VS both. I : '
Am the mean time I have every reason to be.
Bern that nothing will occur iii interrupt ouz
amicable relations with Brazil. 1
It has been my constant affott to maintain and
cultivate the moat intimate relations of friend
ship with all the: huts-pendent nations of Stith
America, and this - policy has been attended with
the happiest results.: It is true !that the settle
ment and payment of many just claims of Amer
ican citizens agsinst}these nattotishas been long
delayed. The position in whichithky'have been
placed,' and the John on the part Of my ?wile.
censors ? as well-is myself, to grant them the at.
most indulgence, Imo hitherto preiented them
claims from being urged in a mannerdemarxled
by, strict justice. The time heti - arrived Ago
they might lobe finally adjusted and liquidated,
and enforced, and efforts are now making for that
PuTP"#' • t he G overnment
ltls off -miner to inform you that the Government
ofie - r - 301 . 0 — gond fiit6 paid the6ret two instal
meet, eftlie indetrinity, of thirty ihousand dollars
each, and the greater portion of the interest dee
theieosi; in executioworthet conreetion bet ween
that Goaernment and the United States, the
.
EMI
1
i t 1
- 1
I
1
IM=IAM=MI=E
cations of erbichwernexchanged of Ebas., - on the
31st or October, 18 . 45.' The Attinney General ot
the United States,earltin August last,completed
"the ediudication ofthinclaim• under this cossets
tion, and made his report thereon - , in puntuance of
the act of the Bth of August, 1846. The same to
which the claimants are respectfully entitled,will
be paid on demand at the Treasury.
I invite the earl] attention of Congress: to the
present cendition ofoir citizens in China., Under
our treaty with that power, American citizens are
withdrawn (inmate jurisdiction, whether civil or
criminal, ofstrn Chinese Government, ands pleased
under that ofour pablic fimetionari'es in that coun
try. By these alone cast nor citisens be tried and
punished for , the commission of lay crime; by
Giese alone can questions be decided between hem
involving the rights of personsand property; and
by these alone can contracts be enforcedr into
which they may have entered with the citizeno . or
subjectaofforenrn powers. The Merchant vessels
of the United States, lying in tbe waters of the
Gee ports of China, open toe foreign commerce,
are under the exclueive jurisdiction • of officers of '
their Own government: Until Congress shall
tablish competent en - banals to wy and puniah
crimes,and esereirn jurisdiction in civil case. in
Ch ins, American citizens there are subject - to no
law whatever. Crimes may be committed with
impunity, and debts' may be contracted Without
any inn= to enforce their payment. • , s
Inconveniences have already resulted from the
omission of Congress to legislate Upon the sub
ject, mad still greater are apprehended. ' The
British authorities in China haie already corn.
pleined that this government has! not proirided
(or the punishment of crimes or the enforce ,
ment of contracts against American citizens in
that country, whilst their governinent hu estab
. linked tribunals by which an Anicrican can re
nover debts due from British subjects.
s Accustomed as the Chinese are to summary'
justice, they could not be made to comprehend'
why criminals, who are citizen of the United
States, should escape with imPimity in viola•
lion of treaty obligations, whilit the punish
ment. of a Chinese, who bad committed any
crime against an American citizen, would be
rigorously executed. s Indeed the consequences
'might be fatal to American citizens in China,
should a flagfant crime be committed by any
one of them span a Chinese, and shOuld-- trial
and punishment not follow according to the re.
quisitions of the treaty. This might disturb,. if
not destroy our friendly relations with that
Empire, and cause an interruption of our Valu
able commerce.
Our treaties with the Sublime Porte, Tripoli,
Tunis, Morocco and Muscat, Ow require the
legislation of Congress to carry them into exe
cution, though the necessity of immediate ac.
lion may not be w Argent as in regard to Cline.
The Secretary of State has submitted in eiti•
mate to defray the expense of opening diplomat.
is relations with the Papal States.' The inter
esting political - events now in progress in these
Slates, fs well as a just regard to; our commer
cial interests, have, in my opinion, rendered
such a measure highly expedient:
Eatimatee have also been submitted, for the
outfits and nlaries of Charge d'Affairs to the
Republics of Guatemala and Ecuador. The
manifest importanee of cultivating the most
friendly relations with all the independent Stain
upon this continent, has induced' e to recom.
mend appropriations necessary for tbe mainte.
mince of these missions.'
1 recommend to Congress that an eppropria.
tion be mule to be paid to the Spinish goyim:
merit, for the purpose of distribution among the
claimants in the Ansistad Case. 1 entertaip the
conviction that this is due to Spain undeethe
treat : x..4 20th October, 1795, end moreover that
fromlhit cement mincer in which, the claim
continues to be urged, Co long tu it shall remain
unsettled, it will be a source. of irritation • mid
discord between the two countries, which may
prove highly prejudicial to the interests of the
United - States. Good policy, no less than ,i
faithful compliance With our treaty obligations,
requires that the inconsiderable appropriation
demanded should be made.
A detailed statemeat of the Condition of the
finances will be presented in the annual report
of the Secretary of the Tummy. The imports
for the last fiscal year, ending on the 30th ofJ one,
1847, wetter the Value of $146,535,638, of which
the amount esported• woo $8,011,168, leaving
$138,534,480 in the country , for domestic use.—
The value of the exports for the same period was
8158,648,622, of which $150,637,464 coexisted,
of domestic production.; and $8,014158'0f for
eign articles. The receipts into the Treasury for
the same period amounted to $26,346,796,37, of
which there was derived from eastern, $23,747;
864,66, from rule. of Public Lands $2,498,335,20,
nod incidenud and miscellaneous sources 11100,-
570,51. The last fiscal year, during which thlls
amount was received, embraced five. mouths un
der the operation of the Tariff net of 1842, and
seven mouth. during which the Tariff act of 1846
was in force.. Daring the five Month* under the
Act of 1842, the amount received from clown.
li WIZ $7,42,306,96; and during the name months
under the act of 1846, the amount received was
817,905.557,76.
The nett revenue from Customs during the year
ending .en the lit of 'December, 16.144, being the
last year, under the operation of the Tariff Art of .
1842 ' moo $22,971,403,10, and the nett revenue
from Customs &meg the year ending on the Ist
of December, 1847, being the Etat year Muter the
•operation of the Tariff Act of 184 d, wan about
's3l^ooo, being an Increase (Wrenn. for the
first year under oe Tariff Act of 1844, of more
than $8.500,,10.1 over that of the hut year, odder
'theTarilf of 1842.
The expenditures during the fiscal year ending
l on the :10th June lam, were 559,481,17 i 88; of
which $3.322,082,37 w e on aceouot of payment .
of Perncipal and interest of the public debt, inclu ,
ding treasury notes redeemed and not funded:
The expenditures exclusive of payment of pub.
lic debt were $25,929,093 28
It is estimated that the fceipta into the Treas
ury, for the fiscal year, ending on the 30th of
Jime, 1848, including the balance in the Treaty
ty on the Ist of July last, will.amount to $12,-
030,545 60, of which $.71,000,000 it is estimated
will be derived trom r customs, $3,500,000 from
the sales of the public lands, $400,000, from in.
eidental expenses, including sales made by the
Solicitor of the Treasury, and $4,285,294 55
from loans already authorized by law, which to
gether with the balance in the Treasury, on the
1 rst of July list, mete the sum estimated.
The expenditures for the same period, if peace
ith Mexico shall not be concluded, and the ar
y shall be increased, at la proposed, Will a.
aunt, including the necesary payments on ac
cnutit orprincinal and interest if the public
:debt aril Treasury notes tb55.8,845,660.07.
:„. i On the first of the present month, the amount
of the public debt actually incurred, including
Treasury notes, was 145,059,059 40. The public
debt due on the 4th March, ''.1845, including
s iTreasury notes, was $17,788,799 42 andcoax
'qbently the addition made to the toahlic debt
since that time is 827,879,85 G IC '
Of the loan of $9,092,000 aitborised by the
act of the 29th of Janaarr, 1847, the sum or $5,-
000,00 was paid orate the public Creditors, or ex
changed at par for specie --the; , renudeinz 111.-
000,000 was ofered for specie in ;be Wiliest bid
der nut below par by an adoertissament leaned ho
the B . 4 lataty a-the - Treasury and pabtiahed from
the 9th of February until the 10th of April,lB47.
when Ames awarded to the several higheat,bid
-den, at premiums ear ying. from 1-8 to one per
rent. to 2 per cent. above par. The minium has
been paid into the Treasury, ant she. auras award
ed deposited 01 Ta rr il to the Treasury es Coot u
ii woe rcittittil by Mt wanted the Goverement.
IV bieet the expenditure forthe remaiiier a
gile present, and fur the next Illareal yetis ending.
on the 30th Jane, 1840, a (Titres 1.14 in aid or
the ordinary remorse/ of the government, will
be neccussry. Retaining a sufficient map]. in
the l'resaury, the loan required for the remainder
of the present fiscal year will be •abonA $10,600,-
WO.
. . .
lithe duty on to and ughe be imposed, and
the gtmlkation of the public landt shall be. made ,
at an early pericalefyourualion, es recommend
ed,the loan for the fiscal yeu may be reduced to
1117"10,00. The loan mey , be' further xedneed
by whatever amount of expendinuss can be saved
by military contributiomi collected in biotite.
The most vigorous measures for the augment.,
lion of them contributiou, hare been directed ;
cod • very considerable sum is eigeMed fmmthet
source. Its &meant cannot, howeier y ha °alio
liked, with any certainty. It ta Umosnmended,
thet the lean to be made, he authorised open the
sortie toms, nod jot the same time,las that which
was authorised' under the peovisloos of the act of
the 38th of January, 1847.'
Should the war withlielico be continued until
this 90th of June 1849, it ik eatimeted thet a fur
ther lose of 39o,isouvo will beeemaired for the
fiscal y..ar ending be that day—to lease no, duty
IA levied on tea and coffeeAind the public lands
be not reduced inprice e and no cidlitaty'kentri7
butions shall be collected in 111exick.
lithe duty on tea and ego's° helimpoired, nod,
the bond. be reduced mid graduated io price as
- Sg l s l . ls o lt i l. w t i l l ‘ii l e oamay be reduced I to 117,000,-
b subject to be. still! other redtto,
ed by the amount of the militer:j.
is contribution.
which may be collected in Mexico. it ant pro.
poled, however, at preeent,.to a Congre.. for,
authority to negotiate this loan for {he next gaol
(year ; as k k in hayed that the loin asked for the
lurnaindel of the .preeent fiscal Year, aided by the
military contributions which may collected in
[Mexico, reay'be euffitient, .
' Jr.. contrary td my 'expectations; there should
he !a innershy for it, the fact will be commuoi,
caled to Congress in time for ttieir*ctionduriny,
the present session. In on event will a sum
exceeding $0,000,00001' this ainotint be needed
before the meeting of the session of Congress
in December, 1848. 1 ; , 1
'rue act of toe 30th July, minc ng the duties
on imports, has been in force Sill the tat of
December last, and am gratified to;
state that all
thi beneficial effect which we anticipated
tram its operatiod hive been fully . realised.—
The Public revalue derived frOM cisterns du.
ring the yearendineen the Isti of December,
1E37, exceeds by_ 'more 'than - $8,000,000, the
amount received in . the preceding year, under
the operation of the act of the , preceding year,
under the operation of the act AllB4t, which
is*l superseded, ind repealed by q. Its'elreeta
a visible in the great and *almoat unexampled
MEM=
•:.,
.
,
prosperity which prevails in everyt brandy of
business. I r ; ;
While the eepeal of the prithibitory and ra
Windex duties of the senor than, and the sub. I
stinstion ithiir place of resionablel revenue
rates, leviedjan artielra imported according to
the actual / Value, bin increased the reventut and
augmented our foreign tilde, all the=reatlate.
rests of dur• country have been advanced and
promoted.
The great and important interests of ;agricul
ture, Which had•been dot- only too Much ne.
. s.
... , whiett blur 0c.... _ ..• only.. - et. .
glected, but actually taxed, envier Mel' i
teetwe
policy, for the benefit of other interitits, have
been relieved of the burdens which that policy
imposed on them, and our farmers and planter',
under the more . just and liberal commercial
policy, are 4ndiug new, and profitable markets
abroad, fay their agricultural products. "
. 1
Our commerce is rapidly increasing, and is
extending more widely the circle of 'alternationsl
exchanges, great ea has been the increase id our I
imports during the past year, our exports of
domestic products, aoldin foreign markets, have
been still greater. . - i '
I Odr navigating interest eminentliprisPerons,
The number of vessels built in the United
, States has been greater than during ath , prepe- '
ding period of equal length. 'Large petitsh eve
been derived by those who have constructed
them as welt as by those who have navigated
them. :Should the ratio of increase in
~ lbe 1
number
of our merchant venseto be progressive,
and be as great for the future ne during thereat
year, the time is not distant when our tonnage,'
and commercial marine will be hirger than that
of any other nation ha the 'wOrld.
• Whilst the interests of agriculture, of cow
-1 meree and navigation havabeenenlarked and in.
vtgorated, it is highly - gratifying to observe that
our manufactures are also in a prosperous coa
-1 ditlon. done of the ruinous effect* upon this
interest, which were apprehended by some .'aa
the result of the opemtione ot the Revenue sys
tem, established,. by the act of 1840,haie been
experienced. * ' '
• On the contrary, the number of manufactories,-
and the capital invested in them, is steadily and
rapidly increasing, affording gratifying : - proof
that American 'enterprise and skill employed in
these forms of domestic industry, with no other
advantages than those fairly and incidentally se.
cruing from a just system of revenue plies, are
abundantly able to meet successfully all eompe.
talon from abroad, end still derive fair and re.
muneratingprofits, - , • ,
.
.While capital invested in manufactures is
yielding adequate and fair profit' under the hew
eystern, the wages of labor, wbetherumpleyed
in manufacture., agriculture, commerce or navi
gation, hue been augmented, The
whose daily labor furnishes the'suPply or
food and raiment and all the:necessaries and comle
forts of life, are receiving higher wages and
more steady employment than in any other
country or in any previous period of our histo..
So successful have been all branches of our
industry, that a foreign war, which generally
diminishes the resources of a nation, bee in no
essential degree retarded - Our onwinl progress,
,or checked our general prosperity. •-,
With such gratifying evidences of pro*witY,
and of the successful operation of 'the Revenue
act of ltieG, every consideration of public poll
.cy recommends that it should.remain unchanged.
It is hoped thit the system of import duties,
which is established, may be regarded as the
pertnarneot policy of the , country, and that the.
Meat interests efecied by it may:award's be
subjected to he injuriously_ disturbed, es they
have heretofore been, by ftequitted sometimes
For the Purpose of inctrasieg the Revenue,
and with Out changing:or modifying the rates
imposed b'y the art of 18eG, oti the dutiable ar•
Hole, embraced by its provisions, lapin recoup
mend to your favorable cansideratiowthe ape.
diency of levying a revenue' ditty- on to sand
toffee. The policy which exempted these tun,
clef futon duty, during peace,, and ,teben the
revenue to be derived from them was pot.need.
ed, ceases to to exist when the country is maga;
ged in war, and requires the use of' al to avid
able means. -
It is a taimliich would be so pnersilly diffus
ed among the people that it would be felt 'op ,
presairely by none—and be complained of by
none. It is believed that there are not 'in the
list of imported articles any Which are . mars
properly the subject of warduties than tea and
coffee.
It is estimated that $3, 0 00;000 equally may be
collected by a moderate duty irpixnetl ?ta these
.. Should Coogress mail itself of this additional
soliree of 'situp', not 'only 'would' the amount,
Of the public loam rendered necessary.. by the
war with Mexico, be diminished to 'that extent, -
but the public credit, am! the 'public mnfulence
in the ability and determination of the goveim
ment to meet all its engagements Promptly . ;
would be twin
.brinly.esiablished and. the rtlec.
ed amount of the loan wbich.it must La , * neces
sary to negotiate, would probably Iseobtained at
Congress is therefore called upon to deference
whether it is wiser to impose the war duties re
commended, or by omittiog to dose inereale the
public debt, annually, to $ 3 , 000 , 000 , so long as
loam abaft be requiredjo prosecute the war, and
afterwards provide in some other form to pay
the semi-annual interest upon it, and.ultimately
to extinguish the principal.
If in addition to thew doges Congress abseil
graduate and reduce the prices of such of the .
Public Lauda are experience has proved will not
command the price placed upon them. by the
Government, and additional income to the Tfell;
sissy of between ball a million and a million of
dollars, it is estimated, will be driven from flue --
source. Should both measures receive the sane.
Lion of Congress, the *inre amount of public
debt Dem:vary to be contracted during the Con:
tinusswe of the war would' be reduced near four
million. of dollars. The dirties recommended
to fie - leVied on test and coffee, it is permosed,
should be limited in their dilation to the end of
the war, and u ntil the. pehliek debt, rendered
necessary to be contracted br it, shall be dis
charged.. The mamma ado public debt-to be
contracted should be limited to the lowest pree
tieahle sup, and Moeda be eitinguilhed as ear
ly after the conclusion Of the war as the mecum
of the Treasury will permit. • . - ,
With this view it is tecorarpera4l that es woe
as the war Should be Oyu the surplus in the
Treasury not reservnk for other iniiispraeabl
object' shall constitute a sinking fund, oak he
applied to the purchase of the funded debt, and
that authority be conferred by law for that Or:
pose.
The actor the ctit ofkumun, lUD, to establish
a wareboueiog system, his been in operation'
mate Dow a year, and ae proved to be ea
.lop
portant amilitty to the Tariff Act of lbett, in Rat .
meeting the revenue and exteeNim the Commerce
of the country. While U hmitended is ealitge,
our commutes, it trar4erce beneficial to obe mow
factures, be ouoiniatravg thread lulu it auction of
Gsreign goods at low . mime to rein the dunes to.
be sauced on themi• and by chocking Sulu*:
Boos lathe market: The imam, although suc
tioned by the experience or other countries, van
entirely new l,q the United Stater '
rind ie sweep
able of *prominent in some of its provisions:
• Tirs Secretary of the upon whom eras
devolved largisdiecretionate Powys, In., carrying
this measure into effort, has collected and Meow
collecting the ida•tieo results of the system In
other column,' where ithu long been utablish.
cd,sad will report at' n early *Mad of your ses
sion such farther reguletireerb eekTsttled
as mays Older It atilt more e lktt . -
ive and benetirairt ‘ lily the "Act to proiridie fot
the better organisation of the ~Treasam, &LA fir
the copection, eafekeepleg and disbursement of
the Public Revenue, all banks diwastinuet u fir
cal agents of the goveminentu4 tkalg.per ear.
reocy Waned by theinkeene ifragetpertratted to
be received in memo* efperalic dues. .
The couatiyutronelf Treastity, created b y , this
act, weak Into operation on the Ist •
of January
last. Malec the system established by it, the
publitimoneys have been collected, Wetly kept,
and disbursed by the' direct 'egellicy of officers
of the Government, in': gold; Lod - silver 'and
traufemi.of large amount., have been ;nada
from points of collection - to points of disburse.,
meat, without loss lthe Treasury, or injury or
inconvenience to the raffle of the country.
While the focal certified' of the Govern-
Meat have been conducted - with regale - city and
care, under this systp t it Iris bad • *Watery
diet in checking - preventing all-undue
inflation of the pope eurreney;iscrei from the
hooka which exist under State charters:
quiriog as it does all dues to: the Government
to be paid in gold end silver, its effect is to re
atm* eteessive issue, of bank paper by the
banks, disproportioned to the specie in their
multi, for the reason that they are at all times.
to he called on by the holders of•she notes :for
their redemption, iu order tol' obtain apettielor
the payment al dutiesand other public duel.—
The banks, therefore, most keep their 'buiness
within prudent limits—and be always in a eon.
dition to meet such calls, or run the hazard of,
being compelled to auspend specie payments,
and be thereby discredited, . swim
IThe amount of specie imported `into- the U.
States during the lest Dual year was 1128,14,-
287, of which there Wei retained in the co*
try $22,218, 170. Hid the former ..furannal
system prevailed, and the public 'moneys been ,
placed on deposite in bank, nearly the whole of
this amount would bave'gorte loco their resells; .
not to be thrown into circulation- by dia t o ut
to be Withheld from the hancla of the' people an a
cuirency,and made the basis of. new. mid enor
mous Wiwi of bank paper. - Kling& proportiOrt
of ,the specie importedbeen . paid into the trees.
ory for public dues;and after hatiteigheen to s
great extent received at the htint,hns,bee n - . pad
out to the public creditors ,: and gone into curls.
latioe as cutunci ratiorarthe people. '
The amount of gad end ailireecoin in cicala-.
',~
~{ t
ii the eimmtty le larger than at nay. forms
Theftniticial syslesit established by the Con:
ititotional Treasury has been thi slat eminently
;accentsl in itslierations, and I recommend en
adherent's to all its essential prevision*, and es.
penally to that- vital, Provision which wholly
aeperates the Government: from al; conolzien
with binks,nrid excludes bank paper frornalr
revenue ; wceivcd -
In siete'of the .
detane,'
principles the spurn isdefective, an will re
quire wocliticatitra. Theis defects,. end- eardr-i,..:
amendments u deuaid iipportsal,_ newt nt
forth In the last masa Isporl'or the uy sf -
'the the Tieuiry.These uneedmiata ace again re
comniended.to the. early sad - (humble esnasido,
During the paseyerar, theeeleart%lLi' thiuint
and it. brioches has excesied•twenty.Milkiene
of done:in-This has consisted chiefly us tuned.:
ing demotes of foreige COUtriel into Anterklus
, .
The liegmajunount of for d coin imported
haa been mewed at New' Yore, and it: kennel*
Mill; were estallidied atthat eity, all thefibeign ,
cable! that portarold atones be =averted into our • •
Mill cola; witheut the exposes, rim lad delay of
traneportong it to the mixt for that purpose; and ' •
the animist meeivedwould be much •
Esperienee has proved that foretell ado; and
especially (gringo gold cola, will not circulate es--
tensively au a comosey among the people. --
The Impartial sneasres of es:sadism our Sped.
circolatiou,botn of gold and silver; cad 'of differs. , •
legit scion the people, cui only boeffocted- by
convertingeoch foreign coin into American cair.,
I repeat the' recommendation:comsined is my -
last animal :Message, for 'tbe tuablishment ifs >
breach of a Mint of the United 'States t
All the public lands which b4betit surveyed, -
sedates* ready for minket. have been proclaim
ed for sale during the pait year. The qoaatity
offered and to be offered for salty under preicla.,, , ,
mations issued-since the ,of January last',
amounts to 9,138,531 acme. Thi prosperilf of
the Stitesend the territories in which theta lends
lie, will be advanced by. doVir.speedf
withiholdinc theriOrdin: market, Sheir, growth
sad increase of population would-be. retarded:
while thousand* of our,, enterprising and marl- •
torious frontier population, would -be
of the opportunity -of securing freehol a. for:
themselves and their families. , ' But in addition
to the general 'considerationii Which readeredthei
ready sale of. there lan& proper, it • was 'lead, • •
ing object at thia.time to derive as large a vim'
so possible from this source; and thus diminirh .c
tbst amOunt,tbe public loons rendered rev
•-•
enemy by the existence of a 'Foreign War. - •
It is estimateddiStUat lest - than tert
of acres of the public .surveyed.o
and be in a "Condition to he tipiclaitned Mesabi
during the year 1848.
In my last annual message presWited. the •
-,
reasons which, in my jidgment.reodered it pro
per to graduate - and reduce the prise of-reach of .. _
the pebble lards is have remained unsold for
'
long pencils after they bid teen offered Mr sale
at public auction. • . :
Many millidos of acre, of public lands - lying
within the limits of mien! of the Maori:, • .
States, have been armed in the market, ',and ~,.i - -
been subjected to sale at private entry for thora... -.....,
than twenty years, and large quantities for more'
than
•
that thirty pars, at the lowest sitiee prescribed- . r ..
by thiemating !awe, and it tuts Awed found that ' 'r
"
they will not command the price,
force indefinite . . ',:,'
period, unless the price demanded
,f
,I• than by- r ,
the Government be reduced: ' - ,- ~.-:, d ~
No *aleatory tram tkpercithr whY O r ly -"-
should be - longer held at tito ahtlir their 4 .1 1 ,1
value. 'At t h e present , 'od, , a dd i tional 4 ''
line , ' 4 Zitt' fin* adopt ing ; he. in teletteld. e , • ',.
6
Mended. - NIMo the : is.' • • :Lell Ise , c
fonign war, ad We mat laceseuil resort to
loam, it woad seem to be third of wisdom ' =
that yp alma ivall ocinel+es of O. rtitiour,;,!-. -
am, and thistimit the atociPst of t public. jik- . ,:•"•:
debtedatse to th e least paidble sum. - ~.,„,.,„' _
I recomicend th at the egatitut I 4.41 Air , -.. - t
subject of pre eruption rights, be tun /AO sdl•' - '.' '''
Modified so at to operate •1- • te 'atedftesf
embtate all wbomeyeade ' poetic' . • i - fiagelig!tr , o,
I* make inspmvetrunits • •, , rtibeiti, '- they .1,:7„
girt singed, as Wfg.a 2 ~ % ' .. :;wino: i: - .4
where such settlement% . • ; be •• • after: ther=, ,
„Indian tittegrall hue . lactingids ' ''.±... --,., .',.?..
-, Ifthe right of pm, •• ~ • •;,, be pa. • . 0d,',,-...;
.will embiace i large end la ', terittli . .. vol Oar , 1 ""..
sigmas. Itryill familia. 1 . e a •or email
freeholders upon our bade who 1-he"Sora.. - '' - '
bled thirshj to edacata •" ,chilaan • plitiv...,;',
wire improve theircondi • • ~ w hite . y Will tie:;
found at alltimer, ae they* - bare redlietno....-:'
mime to he in this hour "[danger to tb roormuy,, '- ''
among. our hardest 'ma • i velsid r* . ddiara. ,
era ready to andertheir /mato -I. bra?. ••• .:.
ergeocy, end arson the I I to tame ' A m geld as
. Meg alone enemy rem • - balite Maned; " '''' c
Socha policy will oleo i Proatti , pandiclo '''.'-,'
ifinneer aseigrama with d, pla f- ' of grab,
tode fa the ludental' ;if tide "•
• Lis
',
Talmo they god their d eal'. lite Bemired tir '-' . -
ei*tu hY ain.Permateet lab oftbela -' ' • that
! they are nil longer lti`dan orb:snag ear bopes ,
sod hart earned improve to by tie ' twat/ht.' ". ,
' into competition with amo wealthy . ustaptc.,,,,
climbers at the land Sales. '-' •' '' ' ..
-" . . ,-
The attentionrofCrimpcsa, as ha . lted dualist .....
and the present aesakm„to ean • • e efee-, .
tabitsideg a toraltoriel go remade rea pore.:.:'‘ ,
masons is Oregon; and it to be • 'tat ...".1 4 1
there was no. legialatioa on eobj - Our cii. 'l,- ,
Men. who inhabit that t maim f coca:ly, - 4 ;
are atilt without the tooter 'a of laws, a --='..'
any organised
rganised goeerrimast.y - ..- •- - .• :
More the question-of li
.• its and • •
arias' ,, ". ,
of the territory of Grego as drink IYeettleil„; , ,1 1
.from.the amenity of the' • e dition , the Ia& .....::.
items had established a t tri r acy g veins/mg -. ,
of tbeir own. Besides ant of I *tithe..< ,
aityfor continuing inch !gdirerntoen iit brim. ...t ,
only.inadequete to pm ' themin t it - riglatc.:'".:'
i
of property and person , to se rum, t • them the ;
enjoyment oft m I privil es of other iiimmktia ",,
which Dither are entitled r the • , itutio,S, --'
of the Dated States... Pie . s hould , have the, ...L -
righter atiffraga,bete ie.& taritoriii ...',
Legislature. and bY idelegite in Canons; aid, -i• :.
pram all the rights end pletegessaddr cititilla -- 11-
of other portions of „the ' aim of the 1.f.,G.; • :',-
hare heatable - enjoidd'• ' y 110111 , injay:' ',', :,' '';'.
Our jingoist:gala:a . hswr, leeetega•••• -
lating trade AiKt ilidetan! iik Uri/0120 li:/ , '1. • ~..•
1
lice,
,and lbs protection • ' -.lido eetierdlyd; i'r
atimldbettateddevldees .. *--, '-'' '' i '.,.. .d -i
' le.addition to theatre . to in throt tallier'', .: L '
.who had, POrtioallY - ad •to largerrinc=. '-
hereof. out attune have owed them thiring ~:-'
'the paint fear, and it is • • doubted . that do.
deg the next mod ideal • cam th eir numbers
will begreatifincticsed.; ' ; ' ' ''''' '. '''. .'
I
' • Quitrent; aim last ' , ,astablished Pak !-,-
Radar lesdisg te'lalimll r ; I I• , beliieeit aigatik''. :'.
Pointe Within that territo , • authorisedll4: 4 .-
7,
establishment of Post . o - at Astoria, and ,
st .'-
each other places an the Zat of the Pailli.,::":,
within the territory of the t ited. SalliilLS ibllis • • ...
public interests may rapi . Post !Mimi basi‘• iqro
accordieglY tneta ester • •m , Deputy PeaMeS.
ten! appointe d , 41 40. 0 ! . 6 eia.kr9!tki'l t ti ii i` : . Y2 ':'
por;auon of : the tonal,.
The Pre!ritiutt ..": - 7 *ilk the ' '/ 1 . - liiltia' . .'.
•,- - r
1: 1
tribes, residing*st of the
will'lmnleeitJ•Moper that '
given by lanmfor the appoiht
. number ofi ndi an Ag en ' to
- . Imemunend that a Sorsit
be established in that tenrito
behinds be surviyed and. -
an early period. ,
I recommes4 „ L ate*, that
term,. of.ii,mited,qoatitip4
be mora t o- all ekirens of itht
lurie entigtated,or , rnay, hes
Aieribed period emigrate to 0
blithe land. ; Thews hardy k i
nn., who 'bare - *neonate:is
privations of , a long and Ita
hive at length (mind Ms' ebb
selves. and families upon the
Western limite;should be see
which they have improved ' l l
• / refer you to thkarequip
the Seetetamof War kir*
the operationi 'of„tba, situ
'Oldie terries nom eetal 'mit
under his - eharge; - I'4 JO
department have been un
"Voaribleduring thepg
distberied:witlSabdity , 1
.Pacifte relations caution
various Indian tribes, mil k ,
testes 'string friendship for
some dePridalions werr - ei) I
OW, year upon' our trains
for the army on the road - be ,
bonier of Missouri. and Sa 1
seditious, iebith an sop',
_ . . _
1"7 3 '.:, eaquatiii4s' - ..
.14 thaiity shoisg. Ti. ' • :','
/
4 - 9 / All udeQua t
aide ackoiig titirri:.--:
ot;Geiterat's Odes
and. that thepab.
i . %isito-minitiatik,i
•ITlrants, alum litaist- - , ',
• 1 the, public lands,'-it.
aitecl.Statia sih:o' , : . i'l'.
k iii 1 4i D '4 :1 5, - , :I r .:
1 . • a and tetthi gp— " , f:• , ? .
' ad Y erqu " as46- .F•`"
. :tle dangerst tort -,, . t
;dame fourney,incl;': . '.
1 113 g
. plant for theis. ' • '
I. tmost verge* nnil i,...;
•in their homas i i . d
.y theirlatair,...,.:_ ,7
.i) atTaiTil.;;:vs:
I branches ,of thes. . -:."..
i , the department- .-ii
- devolving on this',..: '.I ~
, lur h.avit heat ~ 1 ,
beets: ' ~ , -,..*, ,1J
tii exist ir idi iiii::: ;'
ost at them Mani- . .
'l7nitea ' Statrue;=,' . „ `,., 1 11 r
mitred doring_thi,- - I .
fling .14 PPEnc , ~, 1..
'nen s the • Tvestem. - —: f '
a Fe: Ttiote, - dit. - I",
led io havit .tiaath. .12'
Committed by bands from. ..e _region ':otliiir''... '
Mexico, bare been arrested IBA, seines of a5.i...... 4 :
military force . Ordeted out .r that purpOst— ',-r,.
Some outrages have been . rnettuted by a , Por- , ......,; •
Lion of the Piorthwritein b' .4 spots the weak-; ~, (
It Sod' compvatively defe ...eeless neighborinr,, -
tribes. Promptmeasures re takes] topreeeht, ".....• _
Such oectierences in Allure; '. - ' -• ''' '' " t "
Between one - and two tbo •• nd lodianst,%be:` , l . ..'
longing to sound tribes, h re been remova4; ... '..•
during the year, flour the E t ortirilfisiliBlW:t l l,
pi to the country allowed . them, west of M ..
Chet: '.
river, as theiripermazent . • inn . .nd arrangeor .. --
1 ,
molts hive been made foe thew, te follovr,„-,', ..:-, ,
Since the treaty of ityln ith the Cherokee]:: ..1
the fends emir them * • reeto • • hare ltlbeit - 1,'..
dad, and. :they, have bee° - more united'. itati-f . •
iy
- eentented.aince than t •b ve been.for pans, : ~,,
past. The Commies' re poitned in fallal, - , lc
once of the. Act of -,Jo 27 .. - 134p,10 and* ,
..;1!..
elainsa arising under, e• t Sty - 4 1835-3411W,,1.,:
with that tribe, havies'ecu their 4i1801.1144, ' il-,-
after a patient itivatigatiia An il i lilt iirihie,! - •:,-.
01piMillgiAle of all due esetutb ought Wont tkeenn . ~..: .l.
m i t
closed Meir labori in tit lb otJaly 'hit:- ,' •• , 'l ,
Thosiethe fourth anf of,L'otrimmaimimai-,,,
which has been , org ' . od e t hi n tn i ft. ,...,
, Ample oPpertmaity bas iffordedraidl64ll H, i
..- - •
.
.
-'~-~~rr