En Eli ittsburgit 05nEettO 10, • S. BIDDLE & CO.. ZDITOIJ ♦RD TII01141:11TOILS. WEDNESDAY MOE!4thG::::NOV. 18, 1863 The Two Servile Classes In the South. When this war began many people ex pected that there would he more or lees of servile insurrections in the rebel States— that the approach of the armies of the Union would be heralded by the light of confla grations kindled by the hands of incendiary negroes, and that murder, rapine and pil lage would become tho.order of the day. But these apprehensions were groundless; for duringnearly three years of aggressive war- , fare against the domain of slavery, in which the white population in hundreds of places, Fere left entirely in the power of the blacks, giving them opportunity to avenge the wrongs of many generation; not to single murder has been committed by them,-ito far as hag been reported; no burn ing; no outrages of any kind, have marked their transition-from bondage to freedom. Had they heard and obeyed a; voice from Heaven, saying, "Stand still and see the salvation of God," their demeanor could not have been more passive, more free from passion, or farther removed from every thing of a diabolical nature. "If thou nuryest be free, use it rather," has been their invariable rule of action; and so they bave ruu into our lines whenever the opportuni ty to do so offered. Seeing this, some people came to the con clusion that the negroes were too dastardly to assert the rights of men—that ‘ it was fear that restrained the outburst of vindictive passion on their part--that because they were not savages, they must be cowards. But since events have shown that the black man, when enrolled as a lawful sol dier, tights with desperate valor, those peo ple are puzzled—they don't understand it. If the negro is neither a savage nor a cow ard, what is he ? That he was not afraid, and yet forbore to strike a revengeful blow against those who had given him litlihelse than blows, is something too deep for their philosophy. Whence did these people derit o that wisdom, and those Christian principles, which have guided them through the terrific storm that has been raging around them for so many months? The hand of Mx who came to deliver, who guides the meek in judgment, and to whom the negro looks with such simple and childlike faith, is seen in this thing; and we may hail it a sure pre cursor of the complete enfranchisement of his race. But there is another Class of people in the slave States, only a little less oppressed, and perhaps more degraded, than the negroes, who are beginning to have their eyes opened to the wrongs and oppressions they have endured, and are now enduring mora.than ever, at the haltds of the haughty slave holders. Heretofore they have had no voice in the government of the country—they have been of no political consideration whatever—they have been despised alike by master and slave, and branded, in the expressive language of the latter, as "poor white trash." These are the men who fill the rebel armies, and are made to drink the bitter cup of both war and famine. They, with all the rude ferocity of ignorance and unbridled passivn, threw their weight into the scale of the oppressor as against the negro, as do the ignorant and degraded Irish here in the North ; but now they are begin ning to squirm under the intolerable pros eureof conscription, of adisciplinefrightful ly tyrannical, and of starvation and despair. The penalty they are paying for their abne gation of manhood, their servile pandering to pride and.oppression, and their self imposed degradation, is terrible indeed; but probably not more than is required to arouse them to a reassertion of their rights as men, and of their just weight in the State. In the state elections in Missouri and Mary land we witness the out-burst of this long fost manhood; but in the thoroughly rebel 'States it is beginning to exhibit itself in the 'fiercer form of a counter-revolution. The signs of its coming are everywhere apparent; and nothing holds the army of the Rebellion together at. this moment but the terrors of a discipline that would die grace the cruelest despotism. PM, under theguiding hand of God ; are .r. - xttotpiter evils and abuses set one against '•anther for mutual destruction, that every 'lake may be broken, the oppressed set free, and' that all forms of tyranny over the souls and bodies of men may be abolished. This is the grandest war that this world ever saw ; and the man who fails to take hand in it, when he might do so, inflicts a foul wrong upon big honor while living, and hisfame when dead. What! lived, a young and vigorous man, through a time like this, and never struck a blow for his country, for freedom and for God! He, and his children and children's children will have reason to blush, and men and women will wonder and aski " Was he a Copperhead P" Mr. Beecher's Farewell to England. English and American Ideas Con. traated. The day before Mr. Beecher's departure from Liverpool on his return home (Friday, October 30,) he was entertained at a public breakfast by the Liverpool .Emancipation Society. The breakfast was served in St. James's Hall, and three hundred invited guests were present, including several la dies. Mr. C. E. Rawlins having read a farewell address from the members of the society who gave this parting compliment, Mr. Beecher responded in a most eloquent and touching farewell address, of which we give some of the more striking passages: When I get back to my. native land, be sure that I shall laboi there for a better understanding and for the abiding peace between these two great nations. [Hear, hear, and cheers.] I shall go back to rep resent to my countrymen on fitting twee.- 'Fiona what I have discovered of the reasons of the antagonism of England to America in this great conflict; and I shall have to say primarily that the mouth and tongue of 'England have been, to a very great extent, as the mouth and tongue of old of those poor wretches who were possessed of the devil-not in their own control. [The insti tutions of England—for England is pre-em inently u nation of institutiona--the insti tutions of England have been very largely controlled by a limited class of men, and as a general thing,' the organs of expres. 'ion have gone with the dominant institu tions of the land. Now, it takes time for a great unorganized, and, to a certain extent, nntating, public opinion, to create a grand twill:, that lifts the whole ark itself up [hear/ hear, and cheers]; and so it will be my province to interpret to them that there may have been abundant, and varied, and wide-spread-ntlerances antagonistic to us, and yet that.aller , all they wore not the nt- - IZEP - i-teranoets.of Abe l voice that represented the laughter.] If it bean offence to,havcso ugh! ~...rEir ..a, nrmijzoi,„,yrf.arr s,, ; .. great substantial heart of England: [Hear, to enter your mind by : your-no* sent' . -1 —,-- - hear, and applause.] meats and nobler faculties, then lam gull - i NI ONNY FOUNPI—On. mithfleld SC which Cam betted by NATIONS UNDERGOING CHANG I "" , ES, . ty. [Hear, -,bear, and cheers.] calling at No. 301 LIU: EMT STREET, describing, property. and WOWS But there is more than that, sir; risi ng sought to appeal to your reason and to your ,hr th is ~d , r ti. ...,. uolft:lt moral convictions. I have sought to come ,- - up higher than party feeling, endeavoringW I I A('E, Coin Merchant. in on that side on which von were most I to stand upon some ground where men . D. ani t Wir' o'bea - le Dealer in fi s s ion t and GRAIN, good-natured: and I think oli men of cont. may be both Christians and philosophers. • No. 3:73 Liberty iiivvi, opposite Penmylrania ft 11. 0101 a sense would have attempted the s ame Pase•nger Depot, Pittsburgh, P.. zmprugeWere. and lookingApon th e t wo nations f ro m this I thing. I have sacrificed nothing, however, bets, co met Wayne and P-nn streets,' i,o 7,1 y higher point of view one can see that it must' for the sake of your favor—[cheers): and it T :üBRicATING OIL—We are now needs be—that it must needs have been as . you have permitted me to have any intiu- 1.1 soiling a pure "WELL OIL" equal to No. 2 it has been, for it so happens that England , is herself undergoing a process of mice with you, it was because I stood appa- t sti tot as a l u bri c a e tor iir s , s i bic i b wi l i ro warran c l l not to g rathin. ! really a man of strong convictions, but with , '''' u s e c gum ''' d u internal change. [Hear, hear.] All living i ° J /iS!It AT.Z, a SON, nations are undergoing such changes. No generous impulses as well; it was because rr,l7:2a 65 and 70 ester street. , you believed thatl was honest in my belief, • s nation abides fixed in policy, and fixed in i and because I was kind in my feeling ta _ :11 driedA K E and H pat D R . 1 p E b y f) C the o CoiledN . —-S s o w d , e t e y t of C e s r i, n . - institutions, until they abide in death. 1 wards you—[applause.] And now, when 1.,,..,.tuat ~..,,,,,i ma ter wae by [Hear, hear.] Now changes cannot be ,I go back home, I shall be just as faithful JOHN A. RENSHAW, brought to pass amongst a free-thinking , with our 'young folks' as I have been with : °"" corner Liberty and Hand etreets• people as you can bring about changes in 1 the 'old folks' in England—pear, hear, and I I - INTRA GOLDEN SYR[,'P, from Stu- , agriculture or mechanics, or upon dead cheers]; i shall tell them something of what i 12/ art . 's Flannery, Jost thesteamorAmiki..ll.6B7AW, of Changes that are wrought by the wills of 1 consenting men imply hesitation, doubt, ! AN ELOQUENT PERORATION. 1 nolA Corner Liberty and Hand stream. divisions and differences; debate, antagon- . ! WHITE COHN MEAL—hist received isms; and change is the vital stage before 1 T 4 It fresh supply of Extra White Corn Steal, 1 from Indiana, sod put up In small sacks faintly i for G,o which always has been the great conflict; which contliot itself, with all its mischiefs, i we, or sale ty the bus j li o el i. itl.he n ca l iall Aw :ery is also a great benefit to society, since it is seta Corner Libarty and Hand streets. a quickener and a life-giver; for there is WANTED ---By a Philadelphia Flour, nothing so hateful in life as death; nothing Grain and Produce Commission House, a COMPETENT MAN to secure consignments from so troublesome against living men as dead Western Pennsylvania and Eastern and Southern walk about and do not know they Ohio, on a very liberal per tentage. Address, with men who are dead. [Laughter and cheers.] real name and references, " PRODUCE, - Rog 690, P. U. PhilatlelphiA noliii:lt It therefore comes to pass that in the normal process of a change such as is now taking place in England there *ill be par ties, divided circles and cliques, with all those aspects and phenomena which belong to healthy national progress and change for progress. Now, it has come to pass that America, too, is undergoing a change. When the rebellion broke out and the tidings BOQUETS, CUT FLOWERS, A! e . rolled across the ocean, everybody said England was for the North at first. [Hear, hear.] I believe so, because'.before men had time to weigh in the balandes thee acmes 1 that were at work on our side of the water —before they had time to begin thus in England—the Patrician to and) , what would be the influence on his order of the success of the North; the churchman what would be the influence of success in the North upon his order and possessions event ually; and the various political parties in I Great Britain were asking themselves what i would be the result to them if American political sentiments and institutions were imported to this side of the water—before men had time to ponder they were for the North and against the South, because, al though the anti-slavery feeling was becom ing almost legendary, there was yet enough vitality in it to bring English feeling and sympathy to the North in the first instance. How much more would that have been the ease if it had been a living principle. VIE ENGLISH PROPLT: AND AMERICAN POLICY. rp to the time of the Trent affair it is said that England was with the North; but after that event she went the other way . Now, that was only the occasion, but it was not the cause. [Hear, hear.) 1 understand it to have been this, that there were a great many men, and classes of men, in England. who feared for the re-action and inflo ace the American contest would have upon 'the internal conflicts of England herself. [Hear.. hear.] A great deal of offence has arisen, not so much from -an underneath conflict between England and America, as from a feeling that England and Englishmen be lieved the way to defend themselves at home would be by fighting their battle in Amer ica. There has been a great deal of igno rance and a great deal of misconception ; but that was to be expected. [Hear, hear.] We are not to suppose that the great mass of the English people should approve and adopt and follow up American policy, _A in er ican history and American institutions as the Americans can do themselves; butwhen to that natural unknowingness by one na tion of the affairs of another are added the unscrupulous and extraordinarily active exertions of Southern emissaries here who found men ready and willing to he initiated —who compassed the land to make prose lytes, and then made them tenfold more the children of the devil than they were before: when these men began to propagate one- Eided foots, suppressing perpetually, print ing every rumor, every telegram, every dispatch from the wrong point of vier, and forgetting to correct it when the rest came —[elmersi—what wonder then that, finding these easy converts, these emissaries at work, there should have been disseminated by the South through England an immensi ty of false information? [Hear, hear.) MEECO Yon never can understand what emas culation has been produced by the indirect) influence of slavery. [Hear, hear.] I have mourned all my mature life to see men growing up who were obliged to suppress all true devotion and sentiment, because it was necessary to compromise between the great antagonisms of North and South. Now I take this ground, that if 'Union' meant nothing but this—an abandonment of national power to maintain slavery— Union was a lie and a degradation. [Great cheering.] All over New England, and all over the State of New York, and through Pennsylvania clear to the very banks of the Ohio, hisses and execrations met this doc trine; and front IMO to 'IMO my cry was, • Union is good if it is union for justice and liberty; but if it is union for slavery, thence it is thrice accursed.' [Loud cheering.] They were attempting to lasso anti-slavery men by this word 'Union,' and to draw them over to pro-slavery sympathies and to the party of the South by saying, 'Slavery may be wrong, and all that, but we must not give up the Union,. and it became ne cessnry for the friends- of liberty to say, Union for the sake of liberty, not Union for the sake of slavery: [Cheers.] Now we pass out of that period, and it is astonishing to see how men have come to their tongues in the North—{'bear, hear,' and laughter]—and how men of the highest accomplishments now say they do not be lieve in slavery. Not until the sirocco came—not until that great convulsion that threw men as with a backward movement of the arm of Omnipotence from the clutches of the South and from her sorcerer's breath —not until then was it that the men of the North stood on their feet and were men again. [Great cheering.] Perish every material element of wealth, and give me the citizen intact; give me the man that fears God, and therefore loves man, and the destruction of the mere outside fabric is nothing—nothing—[Cheers]; bet give me apartments of gold, and build me palaces along the streets ac thick as the streets of London; give me rich harvests and ships and all the means and elements of wealth, and corrupt the citizen, and I am poor. iu:unease cheering.] VIE HEROES uF TWE WAIL. I will not mention to you thoother:elo ments. I will notmention to you what moil power is already stored in the names of those young heroes that have fallen in this struggle. I cannot think of it but my eyes run over. They were dear to me, many of them, as if they had carried in their veins my own blood. How many families do I know where once wan the voice of gladness, where now father and mother sit childless ! How many heirs of wealth, how many noble scions of old families, well cultured, the heirs to every apparent prosperity in time to come, flung themselves into their coun try's cause, and died bravely fighting for it. [Cheers.] And every such name has become a name of power, and whoever hears it hereafter shall feel a thrill in his heart, ' self-devotion, heroic patriotism, love of his kind, love of liberty, love of God. [Renewed applause.] VIE FUTURE Or ENGLAND AND AMEIIirI. It is not a cunningly-devised trick of oratory that has led me to pray God that the future of Englandand America shall be an undivided future, and n cordially united one. [Hear, and cheers.] I know my friend Punch thinks Ilhavo been serving out , soothing syrup' to the British lion. [Laugh ter.] Very properly the picture represents me as putting a spoon into the lion's ear instead of his mouth; and I don't wonder that the great beast turns awaywerystern.. ly from that plan of feeding. trftintowed =