4 SIX LOCAL HEN ON CASUALTY LIST Official Reports Confirm Pre vious Dispatches Telling of Wounding Six names with addresses in this city appear in to-day's casualty list. Most -of these, however, were previously reported in The Tele graph. Among these is Private Wll tard Bretz. son of Mrs. Susan Bretz, whose address is 406 Harris street. Private Bretz is reported as severely wounded, and a telegram to this • effect was received by his mother 'last week, an account of which ap peared in these columns. Sergeant Isaac Noye is also re ported as severely wounded. His mother, Mrs. Mary' Noye, 1623 Hunter street, received a telegram last week that her son was severely wounded on November 1. but a few days later received a letter from him stating that Tiis wound, while in the head, is not severe, that he is recovering in a base hospital and expects to be out soon. A letter received last Friday by Mrs. Marlon Smoley, 2041 Logan street, stated that her son, Private Earl Smoley, is improving in a base hospital. Private Smoley. whose name appears in to-day's list as slightly wounded, is g member of the One Hundred and Eighth Field Artilller. Battery E. He was wounded September 7, according to previous advices received here. Private Bmoley was formerly attached to. the Governor's Troop, having seen I service on the Mexican border in 1916 and training in Camp Meade j in 1917. Also reported to-day as wounded (Severely Is Private Edwin C. Wells, son. of County Commissioner and Mrs. H. C. Wels, 1108 Penn street. An account of Private Wells being wounded appeared 'n The Telegraph last week. According to latest re ports Private Wells la improving rapidly. " j Mrs. Amelia Turns. R. F. P. No. 4, Harrisburg, (Linglestown) re-, celved word rceently thta her son. George L Turns, is recovering in a hospital in France. He is reported as severely wounded in to-day's list. Mr. Turns is a draftee of Pittsburgh, at which place he was residing when selected. - 1 Arthur O. Black, mentioned in to. day's casualty lists as missing in action is now in a base hospital ac cording to letters received by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. George W Black. 1940 *orth street. ) He was reported to his parents as missing In action October 1. but in Novem ber they received word that he lia i, been gassed and was convalescing He is a private in Company A, 143 th Infantry. Private William J. B. Rehrer. son; of Mrs. Emma Rehrer, 102 Mar-1 ket street, Middletown. is reported to-day as having died from disease, j Official advices to this effect were received by the family yesterday.; Private Kehrer had been wounded. and was being treated in a base hos-\ pital. His death was a result of the wounds which he received. j Other names appearing in to-day's lists of men who resided in this vlcity are: Private Clarence E. Fahnestock, missing in action, New ville; Private- Edward O. Punch, wounded, degree undetermined. Wil liamstown, and Private Ouerney Haven Campbell, died of disease, Williamstown. Deaths and Funerals MRS. EMMA JANE niXLER Mrs Emma Jane Bixler died at her late home in Wormleysburg yes terday of apoplexy, aged 71 years. She had been bedfast since March, 1917, when she was stricken with paralvsis. Mrs. Bixler resided prac tically all of her life in Wormleys burg." She is survived by eight chil dren, Mrs. Amos Fisher, of Marys ville; Mrs. John Taubert, Mrs. Lillic Learnan, Alice, Katherine and Bea trice Bixler, J. Fred Hummel and H. P. Bixler, all of Wormleysburg. and eight grandchildren and one grsat grandchild. Funeral services will be held at her late home on Saturday afternoon at 2 o'clock, conducted by Dr.. H. W. A. Hanson, pastor of Mes siah Lutheran Church, Harrisburg. Burial at Camp Hill Cemetery. MRS. CATHERINE WALDE Mrs. Catherine Walde. widow of the late Henry Walde, died yester day in her 75th year from a compli cation of diseases. She is survived by three sons, John, Henry and Charles, and three daughters, Mrs. Mary Ne vell, Mrs. Catherine Cline and Mrs. Anna Adams, all residents of this city. It was at the home of Mis. Adams, 2130 North Fifth street, that her death occurred. Mrs. Walde was an uptown resi dent for many years and was one of the first members of St. Mary's Cath. olic Church. The funeral will be held from her late home Saturday morning at 9 o'clock, the Rev. Wil liam V. Dailey officiating. Burial will he made in Mount Calvary Ceme tery. 1 The second cup is f | -tempting after you 1 have -tried -the •first and you may , I drink as many as 1 you please with- INSTANT I POSTUM THURSDAY EVENING, GENERAL PERSHING PA YS HIGH TRIBUTE TO YANKS IN FIGHTING THE EN EM Y Reporting on fCar American Commander-in-chieJ Tells How His Men 'Became Veterans Over Night and Entered Conflict as Though Thoroughly Seasoned Washington, Dec. 5. General John J. Pershing's account of his work as commander of the Amer ican Expeditionary Forces was given to the public yesterday. It is in the form of a preliminary report to Secretary or War Baker, covering operations up to November 20 af ter the German collapse. It closes with these words from the leader of the great army in France, ex pressing his feeling for those who served under him: "I pay the supreme tribute to our | officers and soldiers of the line. , When I think of their heroism, their patience under hardships, their un flinching spirit of offensive action, I! am tilled with emotion which 1 am j unable to express. Their deeds are j Immortal, and they have earned the eternal gratitude of our country." j The report begins with General j Pershing's departure for France to j pave the way for the army that was to smash German resistance on j the Meuse and give vital aid to the Allies in forcing Germany to its: knees nineteen months later. Its j striking feature is the section devot- ! ed to "combat operations." where is j told the story of fighting by the man who directed it. General Pershing views the en-1 counters before March 21, of this j year, in which American troops : participated as a part of their train- i ing and dismisses them briefly. Ori j that date, however, the great Ger- • man offensive was launched, and a ■ crucial situation quickly developed j in the Allied lines which called for ; prompt use of the four American divisions that were at that time j "equal to any demands of battle , action."* The first crisis of the German j drive had been reached in Picardy.. The crisis which this offensive developed was such," General Per- : shing says, "that our occupation of an American sector must be post poned. On March 2S I placed at, the disposal of Marshal Foch, who had been agreed upon as comman- j der-in-chief of the Allied armies, i ail of our forces to be used as he might decide. At his request the First division was transferred from the Toul sector to a position in re serve at Chaumont en Vexin. "As German superiority in num bers required prompt action, an | agreement was reached at the Abbe- | viile conference of the Allied pre- j miers and commanders and myself! on May 2 by which British shipping ! was to transport ten American divi sions to the British army area, where they were to be trained and equipped, and additional British shipping was to be provided for as many divisions as possible for use elsewhere. Where Foe Was Measured "On April 26 the First division had gone into the line in the Mont- . didier salient on the Piardy batne; front. Tactics had been suddenly revolutionized to those of open war fare, and our men, confident of the results of their training, were eager for the test. . "On the morning of May 28 tnis division attacked the commanding I German position in its front, tak- , ing with splendid dash the town of j Cantigny and all other objectives, , which were organized and held j steadfastly against vicious counter ! attacks and galling artillery fire. I Although local, this brilliant action | I had an electrical effect, as it demon- I strated our fighting qualities under ! extreme battle conditions, and also i that the enemy's troops were not ! altogether invincible." i There followed immediately the German thrust across the Aisne to ward Paris. "The Allies," General Pershing says, "faced a crisis equally as grave as that of the Picardy offensive in March. Again every available man was placed at Marshal Foch's dis posal. and the Third division, which had just come from its preliminary I training in the trenches, was hur | ried to the Marne. Its motorized ; machine-gun battalion preceded the other units and successfully held j the bridgehead at the Marne, oppo site Chateau Thierry. "The Second division, in reserve near 'Montdidier, was sent by motor trucks and other available transport I to check the progress of the enemy toward Paris. The division attack ed and retook the town and rail road station at Bouresches and sturdily held its ground against the enemy's best guard divisions. "In the battle of Belleau wood, which followed, our men proved their superiority and gained a strong tactical position, with far greater loss to the enemy than to ourselves. On July 1, before the Second was relieved, it captured the village of Vaux with most splendid precis ion. "Meanwhile our Second corP®- UI V" der Major General George W. Read, had been organized for the command of our divisions with the British, which were held back in training areas or assigned to second-l ne de fenses. Five of the ten dmsions w4re withdrawn from the Brltlsh area in June, three to rlev ® '"V?" slons in Lorraine and the V and two to the Paris area to Join the group of American divisions which stood between the city and any fur ther advance of the enemy in that direction." By that time the great tide of American troop movements to France was in full swing, and the older divisions could be used free ly. The Forty-second in line east of Rhelms, fuced the German assault of Julv 13 and held their ground unflinchingly"; on the rightJlank four companies of the Twenty eighth division faced advancing waves of German infantry, and the Third division held the Marne line opposite Chateau Thierry against powerful artillery and infantry at tacks. "A single regiment of the Third wrote one of the most bril liant pages In our military annals on this occasion," General Pershing says. "It prevented the crossing at cer tain points on its front, while, on either ilank. the Germans, who had gained a footing, pressed forward. Our men, tiring in three directions, met the German attacks with coun terattacks at critical points and suc ceeded in throwing two German divisions into confusion, capturing 600 prisoners. Thus was the stage set for the counterattacks which, beginning with the smashing of the enentj Marne salient, brought overwhelm ing victory to the Allies and the United States in the eventful months that have followed. The intimation is strong that General Fershings advice helped Marshal * och t0 reach his decision to strike. The great force of the German Chateau Thierry offensive established the deep Marne salient, but the en- j emy was taking chances, and the I vulnerability of this pocket to at tack might be turned to his disad vantage. Seizing this opportunity to support my conviction, every division | with any sort of training was made, available for use in a counter-of- | tensive. The place of honor in the < thrust toward Solssons on July Is ( was given to our First and Second! divisions in company with chosen French divisions. "Without the usual brief warning ; of a preliminary bombardment, the massed French and American artil lerv, firing by the map. laid down! its rolling barrage at dawn, while the infantry began its charge. The tactical -handling of our troops under these trying conditions was excel lent throughout the action. "The enemy brought up large num bers of reserves and made a stub ! born defense, both with machine guns and artillery, but through five days' ! fighting the First division continued i ?o advance until it had gained the heights above Soissons and captuted ! the village of Brezy-de-sec. The Second division took Beau Repair© ' farm and Vierzy in a very rapid ad ' vance and reached a position in front l of Tisny at the end of its second day. Thee divisions captured 7,000 1 prisoners and over 100 pieces of ar -1 l ' The report describes in some detail I the work of completing the reduction ' of the salient, mentioning the opera ! tions of the Twenty-sixth, Third, I Fourth, Forty-second, Thirty-second I and Twenty-eighth divisions. With I the situation on the Marne front thus relieved. General Pershing writes, he could turn to the organization of the i First American army and the reduc ! tion of the St. Mihiel salient, long | planned as the initial purely Ameri- I can enterprise. j "A troop concentration, aidpd by ! generous contributions of artillery ! and air units by the French, began, j involving the movement, mostly at night, of 600,000 men. A sector reach ing from Port sur Seille, east of the Moselle, westward through St. Mihiel to Verdun and later enlarged to carry it to the edge of the forest of Ar gonnc, was taken over, the Second colonial French holding the tip of the salient opposite St. Mihiel; and the French Seventeenth corps, on the heights above Verdun, being trans ferred to General Pershing's com mand. The combined French. British and American air forces mobilised for the battle, the report says, was the larg est aviation assembly ever engaged on the western front up to that time in a single operation. Of the reduction of the St. Mihiel salient. General Pershing says: How St. Mihiel Was Taken "After four hours' artillery prep aration the seven American divisions In the front line advanced at 6 a. m., on September 12, assisted by a lim ited number of tanks, manned partly by Americans and partly by the French. Those divisions, accompanied by groups of wire cutters and others armed with bangalore torpedoes, went 1 through the successive bands of ibarbed wire that. protected the en emy's front line and support trenches in Irresistible waves on schedule time, breaking down all defense aft an enemy demoralized by the great volume of our artillry fire and our sudden approach out of the fog. 1 "Our First corps advanced to Thiau court, while our Fourth corps curved back to the southwest through Non sard. The Second colonial French corps made the slight Advance re quired of It on very difficult ground, and the Fifth corps took Its three ridges and repulsed a counterattack. A rapid march brought reserve regi ments of a division of the Fifth corps into Vigneulles In the early morning, where It linked up with patrols of Our Fourth corps' closing the salient and forming a new line west of Thlaucourt in Vlgnaulles and beyond Fresnes-en-Woevre. "At the cost of only 7,000 casu alties. mostly light, we had taken 16,000 prisoners and 443 guns, a great quantity of material, released the inhabitants Of many villages from enemy domination and established HXKRISBURG tmPRP TELEGHXPH our lines In a position to threaten j Mctz. 1 "This signal success of the Amerl- . can First army In Its first offensive j was of prime Importance. The Allies found they had a formidable army to aid them, and the enemy learned that j he had one to reckon with." The report shows for the first time officially that with this brilliantly executed coup General Pershing's men had cleared the way for the great ef fort of the Allied and Amfttcan forces to win a conclusive victory. The I American army moved at once to- I ward its crowning achievement, the i battle of the Meuse. The general tells a dramatic story j of this mighty battle in three distinct phases, beginning on the night of September 27, when Americans quick ly took the places of the French on the thinly held line of this long.qulet sector. The attack opened on Sep tember 26 and the Americans drove through entanglements, across No j Man's Land to take all the enemy s first-line positions. Closing the chapter. General Pershing sayz: "On November 6 a division of the first corps reached a point on the Meuse opposite Sedan, twenty-five miles from our line of departure. The strategical goal, which was our high est hope, was gained. We bad '.ut the ( enemy's main line of communication, and nothing but surrender or an armistice could save his army from! complete disaster. •"In all forty divisions had been' used against us in the Meuae-Argonne t battle. Between September 26 and No-, vember 6 we took 26.059 prisoners and 468 guns on this front. Our divisions engaged were the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Twenty-sixth. Twenty eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirty-second, Thirty-third. Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sev enth, Forty-second, Seventy-seventh, Seventy-eighth, Seventy-ninth, Kight- Utli Eighty-second. Eighty-ninth, Ninetieth and Ninety-first. Many of our divisions remained In line for a length of time that required nerves of steel. whUe others word sent in again after only a few days of rest. The First. Fifth. Twenty-sixth, Forty second, Seventy-seventh, Eightieth, Eighty-ninth and Ninetieth were in the line twice. Although sonic of the divisions were fighting tho } r " j t-attle they soon became equal to tne best. * . The commander-in-chief does not lose sight of the divisions operating with French or British armies during this time. He tells of the work of the Second corps, comprising the lons in the British assault on the Hindenburg line, where the St. Quen tin canal passes through a tunnel; cf how the Second and Thirty-sixth di visions got their chance in October by being assigned to aid the French in the drive from Rhoims and of the splendid fighting of the Thirty-sev enth and Ninety-first divisions sent to join the French army In Bel glum. * # Of the total strength of the expe ditionary force, re ports: "There are in Europe altogether In cluding a regiment and some tanltary ( units with the Italian army and thej organizations at Murmansk, also in-, eluding those en route from the states. | approximately 2.053.347 men. less our! losses. Of this total there are In I France 1.338,169 combatant troops. | ; Forty divisions have arrived, of which I the infantry personnel of ten have iteen used as replacements, leaving thirty divisions now in France or ganized in three armies of three corps each." Of their equipment he says: Army Lacked In Material "Our entry into the war found us with few of the auxiliaries necessary for its conduct in the modern sense. Among our most important defici encies in material were artillery, avi ation and tanks. "In order to meet our. requirements as rapidly as possible we accepted the offer of the French government to provide us with the necessary ar tillery equipment of 755, 155 mm. howitzers and 155 G. P. F. guns from their own factories for thirty di visions. . . " "The wisdom of this course is fully demonstrated by the fact that, al though we soon began the manufac ture of these classes of guns at home, there were no guns of the calibers mentioned manufactured in America on our front at the date the armis tice was signed. "The only guns of these types pro duced at home thus far received In I-'rance are 109 75-mm. guns. "In the aviation we were in the same situation, and here again the French government came to our aid until our own aviation program should be under way. We obtained from the French the necessary planes for training our personnel, and they havf provided us with a total of 2,- 6T6 pursuit, obesrvatton and bomb ing planes. "The first airplanes received from home arrived in May. and altogether we have received 1.379. The first American squadron completely equip ped by American production, Includ ing airplanes, crossed the German lines on August 7. 1918. As to tanks, we were also compelled to rely upon the French. Here, however, we were less fortunate, for the reason that the French production could barely meet the requirements of their own armies. "It should be fully realized that the French government has always taken a most liberal atti'tuA and has been the most anxious to give us every possible assistance in meeting our deficiencies in these as wall as in other respects. "Our dependence upon France for artillery, aviation and tanks was, cf course, duS to the fact that our in dustries had not been exclusively de voted to military production. All credit is due our own manufactiiurers for their efforts to meet our require ments, as at the time the armistice was signed we were able to look for ward to the early supply of prac tically all our necessities from our own factories." BURIAL OF GEORGE ROUTZAIIX BendcrviUc, Pa., Dec. 5. —George R. Rouazahn, a well-known under taker,who died on his way home from Chestnut Grove Cemetery, will be burled on Saturday morning with services at Bendersville Lutheran Church, conducted by the Rev. W. D. Scott and the Rev. Hiram Griest. Mr. Routznhn was 67 years old and was a son of the late Jonas and Leah Routzalin, of Bendersville. He is survived by one son and two daughters, W. O. Routzahn, of Ben dersville; Mrs. Harry Group, of Gardner's, and . Mrs. Edward Tay lor, at home; also four grand chil dren, and the following sisters: Mrs. Mary Eldon, of 832 North Sixth street, Harrisburg; Mrs. Isaac Pet ers, of Bendersville, and Mrs. Emma Jacobs, of York. Colda Cause Grip and Inflaensa LAXATIVE BROMO QUININE. Tablets j remove the cause. There is only one "Btaau Quinine." £. W. GROVE'S I How California Met the Call For Potash ; < i 1 By Garrett P. Servian I I I The Giant Kelp Plants, Stretching !' Their Ribbony Forms From the Sea j Bottom, Offered (he Precious Chem-! i ical Curiously Collected From the! i Water by Its Cells. f i' There is, a very Interesting story In ; j the utilization of the bedp of giant j, kelp on the California coast for the; I production of potash to nmko us for-! 1 ever independent of the potash deposits j of Germany, the possession of which I was one of her advantages over other! i nations when she started the war. ' The kelp is now being systematic ally reaped on the Pacific coast, with aquatic harvesting machines, which i are barges carrying cutting apparatus, similar in mechanical principle to grain-reapers, but operating at a depth of from two to four feet beneath the surface of the water. During the past year, the journal of the California Fish and Game Commission reports, nearly 400,000 tons of kelp were cut and treated •the extraction of potash the amount of the latter obtained averaging one I and a half per cent, per ton, which! makes G.OOO tons. In additiou, con- j siderable quantities of iodine, nitro ! gen, and other by-products are oh- i j tained. It Is a new Industry and : various methods are being invented land upplied In its development. I The war forced It, and in so doing' has bestowed an unintended benefit j upon the world at large, besides add-! ing another to America's indojH'ndent ] resources. Several years before the war the Department of Agriculture had awakened to the value of Call-, fornia kelp as a source of potash, but it was not until the war-mad German Kaiser bottled up his country's mer-; chant fleets, and cut the ground from ,beneath the home industries which! were as favoring winds blowing those fleets into all the world's parts, that Mother Necessity called loudly for: potash and the Golden State re-! sponded by unlocking another of her hidden treasures. The species of kelp that most; abounds on the California coast Is the Macrocystis pyrfera, or "ribbon-kelp," whose stems are often a hundred feet 1 or more in length, stretching up from the rocky ledges or scattered rocks of the shallow waters off snore, and; spreading into floating beds of leaves 1 at the surface. The long stems do not branch, but! starting from a "holdfast" at the J bottom, make their way to the top of j the water, giving off a few lamina, or j leaves, at comparatively long inter-1 vals, until the surface Is approached, j when the leaves become relatively j abundant' The "harvesters" sweep over the beds with the reaping knives, cutting off the plants a yard or more I below the surface. As often happens through the com mercial or industrial development of newly utilized products of nature, the harvesting of kelp for the sake of the potash which it extracts from the sea is leading to a more careful scientific study of habits and peculi arities of the plant. Mr. Edward Porteous, who has devoted three years to this study, says that after a harvester has cut a bed clean to the depth of four or five feet the old kelp may be seen standing in an upright position with its growing ends cut off, looking not unlike a poplar tree. This gradually disiute Joseph Pennell § I the famous Philadelphia artist has made Pf a series of five pictures immortalizing the * j|| 81 war activities of our country. ||| t || These have been reproduced in photo- K gravure, size 10x14, suitable for framing, |H E and will be issued with 1 The Philadelphia Record I 1 One each Sunday as follows: || l| Gun Pit —Bethlehem Steel Co. —December Bth || 1| Flying Locomotive Baldwin s December 1 sth || The Prow —New York Shipbuilding Co. —Dec. 22nd || K To make sure of getting this series of epoch-marking pictures place 9|i lie your order for The Sunday Record with your p®; newsdealer or carried TODAY I L§| . ' •' NOTE—Don't miss the Installment of E. Phillips Oppenheim's thrilling El Spy Story in The Philadelphia Record each Sunday grates downward, but before It has entirely disappeared from view It Is hidden b.v the fresh shoots coming up from the boitom. It takes from 170 to 180 days for the kelp to grow from the "holdfast" to the surface. The best growing periods are from July to September, and from January to April. The ability of the cells of this plant to absorb dissolved potash front the sea water Is a remarkable example of selective action, exercised as for a special purpose. Thus Mr. Porteous points out that while the water sur rounding the kelp contains In solu tion three per cent, of chloride of sodium, 1. e., common salt, and only four one-hundredths of one per cent, of potash, yet inside the cell these proportions are so altered by ad mitting potash and rejecting sodium that the percentage of the former has increased to one and eight one hundredths, while that of the latter has decerased to only six-tenths of one per cent. A similar selection is shown in favor of lodine, for although the sea water contains so little of that sub stance In solution that there is only one part of iodine in thirty million parts of water, yet the kelp cells manage to absorbe three one-hundred ths of one per cent, of their weight of iodine. A more seemingly spectacular, if Shop Early—We Cash Christmas Savings Checks 1 What Will Make A Nicer Christmas Gift Than I A Wonder Suit Or Overc a ? 1 dwonderl I PB&P CLOTHES I li TUL7 For Men and Men I I Suits and Overcoats 1 1 --fKi 'l7 *L>22*° irWffr ' lave been'designed and tailored under the supervision H l[M ] of our own men in our New York factory with this H ! H jhfy I s °l e idea in view— to produce the greatest value for pi 19 ml\\ I i the least possible price. . Jaw I Whether you desire the newest creations in Suit or nj i Overcoats or the more conervative styles, you can find H ( M them here in an endless variety of patterns. H LJBC-' Our System of Selling Direct From the Factory to || i || Wearer Saves You $8 to $lO on a Suit or Overcoat gl J WONDER STORE 211 Market St. | DECEMBER 5, 191& far less useful, exercise of the select ive power of absorption possessed by these cells Is showu by the fact, stated by Mr. Porteous, that while It takes a ton of sea water to supply a single grain of gold, green kelp has been known to absorb from the water 20 cents' worth of gold for eve.ry ton of kelp. For some reason it has no similar liking for silver, no trace of silver being found in the cells, except of a single species, although sen water holds iu solution a grain of silver for every six tons of water. The German potash beds. are de posits made at the bottom of a sea that covered Central Europe in Permian times. Plymouth Singing Party Wins Much Applause The Plymouth Singing Party, ap pearing at Stevens Memorial Metho dist Church, last night, in a delight ful program, pleased a large audience. They presented a program with a number of excerpts from the classics with a sprinkling of popular and semi-popular music, winning many rounds of applause. The party appeurod as one of the numbers in the Capital City Lyceum course. Next Tuesday the "Navy Girls" will sing-in the same church, followed by Princess Watahwaso and lior party, Monday night. December 16. '1 v* Nuxated Iron Increases strength and endurnncb eff delicate, nerv ous, run-down people in two weeks' time In many instances. It has been used and endorsed by such men as Hon. Leslie M. Shaw, former Secretary of the Treasury and Ex-Governor of Iowa; Form er United Stutes Senator and Vice- Presidential Nominee. Charles A. Towns; General John L. Ciem (Re tired) the drummer boy of Shlloh who was sergeant in the U. S. Army when only 12 years of age; also United States Judge O. W. Atkinson of the Court of Claims of Washington and others.- Ask your doctor or druggist about It.