2 WILSON OUTLINES NATION'S POLICIES' PRESIDENT TELLS WAR IS THE (Continued From Page One) of little groups of ambitious men who were accustomed to use their fellow men as pawns and tools. Work Vntler Cover •Self-governed nations do not fill their neighbor states with spies or set thecourse of intrigue to bring about some critical posture of affairs which will give them an opportunity to strike and make conquest. Such de signs can be successfully worked only under cover and where 110 one has the right to ask questions. "Cunningly contrived plans of de ception or aggression, carried, it may bo, from generation to generation, can be worked out and kept from the light only within the privacy of courts or behind the carefully guarded con fidences of a narrow and privileged class. They are happily impossible where public opinion commands and insist upon full information concern ing all the nations' affairs. Partnership of Nations "A steadfast concert for peace can never be maintained except by a part nership of democratic nations. Xo autocratic government could be trust ed to keep faith within it or observe its covenants. It must be a league of honor, a partnership or opinion. In trigue would eat its vitals away; the plottings of inner circles who could plan what they would and render ac count to no one would be a corrup tion seated at its very heart. Only free peoples can hold their purpose and their honor steady to a common end and prefer the interests of man kind to any narrow interest of their own. "Does not every American feel that assurance has been added to our hope for the future peace of the world by the wonderful and heartening things ilia thave been happening,within the last few weeks in Russia? "Russia was known by those who knew it best to havebeea always in tact democratic at heart, in all the vital habits of her thought, in all the intimate relationships of her people that spoke their natural instinct, their habitual attitude towards life. "The autocracy that crowned the summit of her political structure, long as it had stood and terrible as was the raallty of its power, was not In fact Russian in origin, character, or purpose: and now it has been shaken off and the great, generous Russian people have been added in all their naive majesty and might to the forces that are fighting for freedom in the world, for justice and for peace. Here is a fit partner for a league of honor. Censure for Prussia "<~>ne °f the things that lias served to convince us that the Prussian auto LODGE KNOCKS DOWN PACIFIST IN FIST FIGHT Senior Senator From Massachusetts Knocks Down Peace Crank; Lie Passed Before Encounter; Had Called Lodge a Coward in Effort to Get Him to Vote For Peace at Any Price Washington, April 2. A personal encounter between Senator Lodge, of Massachusetts, and Alexander Bann wart, of Dorcester, Mass., in which the Senator knocked his opponent down, occurred to-day in the corridors of the Capitol. Bannwart, with the Rev. Paul Har ris Drake, of Christ Church, Dorches ter, and several other men and women of pacifist delegations, called Senator Bodge to the door of his committee room and asked him to vote against • declaration of war with Germany. Senator Lodge replied that If President Wilson asked for *ucli a declaration he certainly would support it. "That is cowardice," retorted one of the group. "National degeneracy is worse than cowardice," replied the Massachusetts Senator. "You are a coward," said Bann-j wart. "You are a liar." retorted Senator Lodge. Bannwart advanced and su-uck the Senator, who then, despite his sixty odd years, launched a blow that sent Bannwart sprawling on the hard tiled corridor. Bannwart and several of his friends were taken in charge by the Capitol police. Bannwart told the Capitol police he ' was not the aggressor and contended that Senator Lodge struck the first blow. In other respects his story did not differ greatly from that told by employes in the Senator's office. After Senator Lodge finished with the pacifist, David B. llecpian, of this *ht thus for the utlimate peace of the world and for the liberation of its peonies, the Ger man peoples included: for the rights of nations great and small and the privilege of men everywhere to choose their way of life and of obedience. The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the trusted foundations of po litical liberty. Xo Sclfisli Ends "We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for the sac rifices we shall freely make. We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We ihall besatisfled when him. The others in the group with him were allowd to go. Senator Lodge appeared on the floor when the Senate met. Scores of Sena tors went over to the Massachusetts Senator's desk and shook his hand. Bannwart's Story Pacifists headquarters gave out a statement about the affair, which in part was as follows: "A group of Massachusetts dele gates to the peace gathering were re ceived by Senator Lodge. A plea for peace was presented and replied to by, Senator Lodge. On some further talk by Alexander Bannwart, of Boston, an American, and said to be of Swiss de scent, the senator suddenly called "you are a damned liar." "The Massachusetts man replied: 'Then I must call you one,' or words to that effect. "On this Senator Lodge struck Bannwart in the face. Two Boston men struck back, knocking ths sena tor down. Thereupon a group of young mer) came out of the senator's office and began severely to pummel and beat Bannwart, striking him, also, whether or not accidentally, a young lady among the delegates who was trying to explain." How It Happened Senator Lodge's formal statement of the encounter was as follows: "I was trying to get away from them. They were very violent. I said 'well, we must agree to differ.' "Then this man, whom 1 afterward learned was Bannwart, said: " 'You are a damn coward,' ad dressing me personally. I went for ward, close up to him and said, 'you are a liar.' He struck me and I struck him. Then the whole party rushed at me and pushed me against the wall. "A young lady from Arizona who was in the corridor, my secretaries and Senator Stone's messenger inter- I vened for my protection and drove I them off." but were In the vaults was $3,0*4,- 309.292. The sum practically has doubled during the last flveyears. .Most of the accumulation, of course, is due to the in/tow of old during thewar. those rights have been as secure at the faith and the freedom of the na tions t*an make them. "Just because we fight without ran cour and without selfish objects, seek ing nothing for ourselves but what we shall wish to sharewith all free peo ples, we shall, I feel confident, con duct our operations as belligerents without passion and ourselves observe with proud punctilio the principles of right and of fair play We protcss to be lighting for. "I have said nothing of the govern ments allied with the imperial gov ernment of tiermany becowse they have not made war upon us or chal lenged us to defend our right and our honor. The Austro-Hungarian gov ernment lias indeed, avowed its un qualified endorsement and acceptance of the reckless and lawless submarine warfare adopted now without disguise by the Imeprial German government, and it has therefore notbeen possible for this government to NMtVft fount Tarnowski, the ambassador recently accredited to this government by the imperial and royal government ot Austria-Hungary; but that govern ment has not actually engaged in war fare against citizens of the United States on the seas, and I take the lib erty, for the present at least, of post poning a discussion of our relations with the authorities at Vienna. Forced Into War "We enter this war only when we are clearly forced into it because there are no other means of defending our rights. It will be all the easier for us to conduct ourselves as belligerents in a high spirit of right and fairness because we act without animus, not i nenmity towards a people or with the desire to bring any injury or dis advantage upon them, but only in armed opposition to an irresponsible government which has thrown aside all considerations of humanity and of right and is running amuck. "We are. let me say again, the sin cere friends of the German people, and shall desire nothing so much as the early re-establishments of inti mate relations of mutual advantage between us—however hard it may be for them for the time being, to believe that this is spojeen from our hearts. We have borne with their present government through all these bitter months because of that friendship— exercising a patience and forbearance which would otherwise have been im possible. "We shall happily still have an opr portunity to prove that friendship in our daily attitude and actions to wards the millions of men and women of German birth and native sympathy who live amongst us and share our life, and we shall be proud to prove it towards all who arein fact loyal to their neighbors and to the govern ment in the hour of test. They are. most of them, as true and loyal Ameri cans as if they had never known any other fealty or allegiances. They will be prompt to stand with us In rebuk ing and restraining the few who may be of a different mind and purpose. If there should be disloyalty, it will be dealt with with a firm hand of stern repression; but if it lifts its head at all, It will lift it only here and there and without countenance except from a lawless and malignant few. Many Months of Trial "It is o distressing and oppressive dutv. gentlemen of the Congress, which I have performed In thus ad dressing you. There are. It may be many months of iiery trial and sacri fice ahead of us. It Is a fearful tiling to lead this great peaceftil people into war, into the most terrible and dis astrous of ail wars, civilization itself seeming to be in the balance. But the right is more precious than peace, and we shall fight for the things which we have always carried nearest our hearts—for democracy, for the right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their own govern ments, for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal do minion of right by such a concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and make the world itself at last free. To such a task we can dedicate our* lives and our fortunes, everything that we are and everything that wo have, with the Dride of those who know that the dav has come when America Is privileged to spend her blood and her might for the principles that gave her birth and happiness and the peace which she has treasured. God helping her, she | can do no other. PENFIELD MAY BEAR A PEACE MESSAGE TO U.S. Ambassador to Austria Is Re called by President Wilson For Conference Vienna, March 31, via London. April 2. The American ambassador, Fred erick C. Penfield. confirmed to-day the Impression here that he expects to re turn to Vienna as quickly as possibi; from his forthcoming visit to Wash ington. He said he might be gone for three months. His residence here will be kept open. The Ambassador and Mrs. Penfield will depart on Wednesday or Thurs day. The news of Mr. Penficld's impend ing departure made a great stir here but the tlrst Impression was offset l>y a statement from the Ambassador to the press that his trip to Washington was to be mado on account of Presi dent Wilson's wishes to consult him in regard to the present situation in Europe. The State Department's mes sage to Mr. Penfield says that during his absence Joseph C. Grew, coun sellor of the embassy will be in charse. Mr. Grew is well acquainted with the situation in Vienna. where he has many friends in diplomatic circles. At the Foreign Office It was learned that no significance was attached to Mr. Penfleld's visit to Washington other than that given by the ambassa dor himself. Mr. Penfield has not been in the best of health recently, as he is suffering from_.the strain of tho worlc incident to representing most of the entente powers here. MAY DEAR PEACE MESSAGE 1-ondon, April 2. —The recent inter view with Count Czerntn. the Austro- Hungarian foreign minister in which he declared that the proposal of the Central Empires for a peace confer ence still held good, is considered by the Berlin Socialist newspaper Vor waerts as "almost a peace offer" say* a Central News dispatch from Amster dam to-day. The newspaper, it Is added, believes fhat the impending visit to America of he American ambassador at Vienna, Frederic C. Penfield, is not altogether unconnected with Count Czernln'r statement. PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES jOS I APRIL AN EVENTFUL MONTH IN April 19, 17/s—Battle of Lexington, the first conflict of the Revolution. April 11, 1783 —Congress proclaimed an end of the war with Great Britain. April 30, 1789—Washington became first President of the new republic. April 30, 1803—-Treaty with France for thfr purchase of Louisi ana territory. t ' April 4, 1818—Act of Congress establishing the Stars and Stripes as the flag of the I'nitcd States. April 21, 1836—Battle of San Jacinto, ending the Mexican at tempt at the conquest of Texas. April 14, 1846—Beginning of the war between the United States and Mexico. April 12, 1861—Civil war began with the firing on Fort Sumter. April 9, 1865—Civil war ended with the surrender of General Lee. April 14, 1865—President Lincoln shot by J. Wilkes Booth. April 22, 1898—United States proclaimed war with Spain. April 2, 1917—Congress meets in extra session "to receive a communication concerning grave matters of national policy." CHAMP CLARK IS RE-ELECTED (Continued From Page One) declare a state of war and authorize the President to attack. The resolution follows: "Whereas the recent course of the imperial German government is in fact nothing less than war against the government and people of the United States: "Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, that the state of belligerency between the United States and the upon the United States is hereby formally and; "That the President be, and he is hereby authorized, to take immediate steps not only to put the country in thorough state of defense, but also exert all of its power and employ v all of its resources to carry on war against the Imperial German government and to bring the conflict to a successful termination." Washington, April 2.—Congress assembled at noon to-day for a session generally agreed to be tnc most momentous in the history of the republic. President Wilson, ready with his address, which it is believed will ask that a state of war exists between the United States and Germany, waited only for the organization of the House of Repre sentatives. As Congress assembled President Wilson practically decided to make his address to-day immediately after the organization of the House, even if it should be deferred until the late afternoon or early evening. Democratic House leaders got word from the White House to hurry the organization as much as possible. All plans had ben on the expectation that the President would speak to-morrow, butthe leaders promised to do all they could to meet his wish to speak to day. Congress assembled with a majority openly in favor of a declaration of a state of war, if not actually a declaration of war. To Inform Foreign Nations t President Wilson's uddrctu< imme diately will be sent to al! the foreign embassies and legations and will be ii telegraphed to American diplomats j abroad. It was acknowledged to-day that foreign governments on receipt t ot it may Interpret it as they think even to assume that It eo closely , approximates recognition of a stato : of war as to necessitate the issuing of neutrality proclamations. Whether i such a step will be taken by any neu- 1 tral prior to formal action Jby Con- 1 gress is unknown here. Beset on one side with large dele- ' gations of pacifists praying for peace 1 and besieged on the other by large , numbers of "patriotic pilgrims" who | demand the country's entrance into , the war. Congress waited to hear the ( President outline the long history of , German aggressions Against American lives and rights and the predatory vio- ' ience of her submarines. Administration officials consider I Germany has been making war on the [ United States for some time. A large . majority in Congress takes the same i view. The minority i 3 divided be |t\veeri those who think a state of armed neutrality is sufficient for the ! present and the very few who openly | favor peace at any price. War Spirit Evident The Capitol was arrayed in a war spirit as Congress assembled. The pacifist delegations wearing white bands on their sleeves or white stream ; ers across their breasts, paraded the sidewalks in numbers, tilled the House and Senate galleries and made calls on their Congressmen. They moved about without demonstration and there were few evidences of hostility against them. The patriotic pilgrims were hard to distinguish among thousands of citi zens who went about ih aay's work wearing Vmerlcan flags. The national colors fluttered and rippled from buildings, automobiles and almost every point of vantage. Tlys street car companies placed them on their cars; every traffic policeman's "go-go" sign had a flag fluttering from its peak. The Capitol was a wave of color. To Vote Huge Credit Chairman Simmons, of the Eenate GERMANS SINK FIRST ARMED U.S. STEAMER (Continued From Page One) > WK •" cording to advices received here to-night by the company from tho United States Consul at Brest, France. i The cable message gave no information as to the fate of the crew. ® , There were 39 men aboard the vessel, 16 of them Americans. Sixteen of Crew Americans The Aztec sailed from New York March 18, for Havre. She was commanded by Captain Walter O'Brien. Sixteen members of the crew were native born Americans. The Oriental Navigation Company, owner of the Aztec also owns the Orleans, one of the first American vessels to run successfully Ger many's submarine blockade. TheAztec carried a full cargo of food stuffs and general supplies valued at more than 5500,000. News of the sinking of the American steamship Aztec was received in Washington a few minutes before President Wilson began his speech which was to deal with similar depredations by German sub marine commanders. The sinking caused a sensation as it was taken to be an answer to the comparatively few men who had hoped the country could keep out of war with the Central Empire. i GERMANS ATTEMPT TO PUSH MEXICO IN WAR WITH THE U. S. Laredo, Tex., April 2. —Internal poll tics, used as a lever in an effort to regulate Mexico's course in interna tional affairs, have brought about *& situation of tho utmost gravity in that republic, according to travelers Just arrived from the Mexican capital. These travelers say the constitu tionalist party, now holding the reins of government is divided into a so called "civil" group and a military party embracing many of the ohiefs of the army. Tremendous pressure is be ing brought to beat* on General Car ranza but so far he has not definitely aligned himself with the policy ok either. | The civil party, these men say, Is .strongly opposed to any alliance with | Germany and is standing firm for neu trality in the event of the entry of HOLD GERMAN FOR A THREAT TO KILL WILSON 7 Camden, N. J., April 2.—4dolph W E. Simmers, Woodbine, N. J*, saifl to be a German, was to-day held under 120,000 bail for afurther hearing by United States Commissioner Joline on a charge of threatening the life of President Wilson. No testimony was Finance Committee, conferred with Secretary McAdoo on the amount of money needed Immediately by the gov ernment. It was agreed not to go into details until after Congress takes ac tion deHnlng the attitude of the United States and then Secretaries McAdoo and Baker and Daniels will aarain dis cuss the question with Senator Sim mons and also with House leaders. Senator Simmons said he thought the credit to be granted to the Presi dent by Congress should ba a large one. The amount fixed, he added, would not mean that all of it was to be used or that much more might not be asked for later. Senator Simmons said there was no longer any doubt that war with Ger many would be declared to exist al though the form of the resolution had not been determined upon. Prays of Patriotism The House session opened with Clefk South Trimble presiding until organization was perfected. The chaplain Included in his prayer a plea for patriotism. Nearly the entire Senate member ship was present when Vice-President Marshal called for order and, after the invocation, the President's proclama tion calling the extraordinary session was read. In the Senate the chaplain also re ferred to the problems confronting Congress. Tho Senate after being in session about ten minutes recessed to await organization of tho House. Senators Martin and Gallinger, the two party leaders, were appointed to act with the House Committee In notifying Presi dent Wilson that Congress is ready to receive a communication from him. In moving for a recess until 3 p. m. Senator Martin said: President is Silent "I understand there is a strong probability that the House will per fect its organization by 3 o'clock and that the President will be pleased to address a joint session as soon us it is complete." The President in his address, it is understood, will refer to the tradition al friendship between the American people and the German people and to differentiate between the German gov ernment and the people It rules. He also will recount his efforts to restore peace to Europe and to maintain peace with Germany. Before going to Congress, the Presi dent did not take even members of his cabinet Into his confidence on the exact terms of his address. From in formation he has called for and gen eral discussions at cabinet meetings, they know that he has concluded that war with Germany seems inevitable. Ballot at 10 O'clock Speaker" Clark was placed In nomi nation for the speakership by Repre sentative Schall, of Minnesota, a Pro gressive. Republican Leader Mann was nomi nated for speaker by Representative Green, of Mass., and seconded by Rep resentative Lenroot, of Wisconsin. Balloting began shortly before 1 o'clock. The voting occupies about fifty minutes. Three Absentees Four hundred and- twenty-nine of the four hundred and thirty-three liv ing members of the House answered present. The absentees were Repre sentatives Capstick, of Hew Jersey; the United States into tli European conflict. The military party, accord ing to thepe' stories, Is strongly pro- German and advocates the entry of Mexico into hostilitios against its northern neighbor. The reports brought from Mexico City assert that German influence and money have been active anion? certain of the military party and that cer tain members have in contemplation and preparation plans for an extra active invasion of the border States , after the United States naa boen goaded into taking the active hostile move. It is also asserted that these plans contemplate the fomenting ot a revolutionary movement, in Guata mula and the burning ot the oil welloi in the Tampico district from which the large part of the British narval fuel supply is drawn. ■taken by the commissioner. Acting Of. instructions from Washington not to discussarrests made during the inter national crisis, federal agents refused to makepublio any detailsof the case. Simmers was arrested by a Philadel phia agents of the Department of Jus tice last Saturday. Ilelgesen, of North Dakota, and Bleakley, of Pensylvanla, Republicans, and Representative Lee, of Georgia, Democrat. Two members-elect are dead. Immediately after the rollcall, Rep resentative Schnll, Progressive, Minnesota, addressed the House, say ing he would vote for Champ Clark for Speaker. Schall prefaced his remarks by de claring the country should stand united in this crisis and stand by the President. Democrats Applaud "I, with my sightless eyes," he said, "would be of little use to my country on the field of battle but I can cast my vote to help it. I know of no bet ter way to stand by the President than to return his party to the control of the House." Democrats applauded Schall, but Republicans were silent. "The gentleman from Minnesota has placed Mr. Clark in nomination," •aid Clark Trimble. < "I am glad to," said Mr. Schall. Representative Green, Republican, of Massachusetts, then nominated Representative Mann, of Illinois, for Speaker. Representative Lenroot, of Wisconsin, seconded the nomination. Challenged by Lenroot Lenroot said that as a Republican he could not allow to go unchalleng ed the assertions of Representative Schall. He has said that patriotism demands that the organization of this House be turned over to the Demo crats, said Lenroot. "I cannot admit, that Republicans are less patriotic than Democruts. There ought not to be any partisanship in considering the great questions that will come before this Congress. There will be none on the Republican side of this house. What wo need is the assistance of every American, no matter what his politics may be. "This Is no time for any man to criticise the President of the United States but 1 do say in tliis hour it would be better If the President were compelled under the organization of this House to consult Republicans us well as Democrats." Balloting Begins ' '! Balloting for Speaker then began. When Martin, of Loulsana, Progres sive-protectionist, voted for Clark, ap plause broke loose. A moment later Representative London, Socialist of New York, and Randall, Prohibition ist of California, also- voted for Clurk. A cheer was given when Miss Rankin voted lor Mann. Republican Vote Spilt All of the Democrats present and four (I the so-called Independents, Martin, Progressive - protectionist of Louisiana; Schall, Progressive, ot Minnesota; London, Socialist, of New York, and Randall, Prohibitionist, of California, voted for Clark. HEIJ) FOB MISDKAMOR Don. Miller, 2068 Lexington street, charged by the Rex Automobile Com pany with defrauding them out of storage for an automobile, was held under S3OO bail for his appearance at i a hearing to-morrow morning before Alderman James B. DeShong. He is an oil salesman for the Robinson Oil Company. Under an act of the Legis lature It is a misdemeanor to defraud a garage keepef for rent;