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Caiabakii
BUEHLER
VOLTME'nVI.I
Light 01(the Aged.
.
An old man sat in the sun set gold
By the dcior of.the cottage low
His softwhltehair, his reverent air,
His holy smile, all told
His work was finished below.
Children played at the old man's feet,
Three gentle blue.eyed girls ;
Their mothers hat played in the cottage shade,
With footsteps light and fleet,
And waving golden curls.
His heart was'warm to that little band,
Bright in tile setting sun,
And he said, '•Oh, Lord 1 I trust in thy word,
Lies the promised land, .
And I know that my work is done.
I thank thee for the pleasant ways
In which my feet have trod ;
I bless for all, both great and small,
Bat most for these I praise
Thy goodness, oh I. my God."
Then a matron stepped from the cottage door,
A Matron fair to see ; •
Her hand she laid on the old man's head,
"Father, I thank God o'er and o'er,
But bless him most for thee.
Ile never told a • Lie.
Once there was a little boy,
With curly head and pleasant eye,
A boy who alwnys spoke the truth,
And never, never told a lie.
And when he trotted off to school,
Thu children all about would cry,
"There goes the curly-headed boy,
The boy who never tells a lie!'
And every body loved him so,
Bemuse be always told the truth,
That-every day Mi fie grew up,
"Nam Raid, "There goes the honest youth."
And when the people that shwil near,
Wonldlarn to ask the reason why,
The answer wonld be always this—
" Because he never tells a lie."
Be Gentle al Home.
Thuru ant tow families, we . imagine.
anywhere, iii which lave not abused a.
futitishing' lieMiSe . -for impoliteness. A.
bushatkfather; lurnther will speak bars!'
welds to those whom IM loves best, and
these who 'love him the best,. simply , be-•
erase the security of love and family
pridalrecpc him from ; getting his heart
broken. It is a shame Oat a Man will
speak wore impolitely.,nt times, to wife
or sister, than he would dare to any other
female, except a low and vicious one.—
lt is thus that the holiest affections of
man's nature prove to he a weaker protec
tion In woman in the family circle than
the restraints of society, and that a we
titan usually is indebted for.the kindest po.
Melones of life to -those not belongiee •to
her lIWII Tbitigs ought not to
bu. , beeightejt aril! not
. A. 101! rtifteakaaytufilikhii!.o**-*l4
tettiOer pow iltbaii . rof Riff betirtbratorie,is'a
. smitiVeoward and 'very Moan man:—
Kind word* area circulating medium be
tween true milkmen. suit mitt ladies at
home, awl tau polifila exhibited iu society
can atone for the harsh language and die
respectful treatment between therm bound
together by God's nwa fief, of blood, and
the still more mitered bands of conjugal
love. •
A Touching Inchint.
A little girl, in a familyof tidy acequain
mice, a lovely and , precious child. lost
her mother at an age too early to fit the
loved Itatures iu her remembrance. She
was as frail as beautiful, and as the bud n 1
.her-Item, sitifolded, it seemed it WOl, by
that mother's prayers to turn instinetiv.
Iv heavenward. , The tweet, conscien•
thews, 4)1 aver hiving child was the idol of
Ilse iwros cod family. She would lie upon
tins lap of her , friend who took a mother's
care of her. and, winling one wasted arm
about her neck. wield say . "Now tell
um altion my mamma !" And when the
oilt old tale had been repented would soft
ly auk, "Take me into the patlor, 1 wan:
to wee my mamma." The request was
never r timed ; and she if eClionate child
Witold 'e for hours, contentedly gazing
on her rot three potrait, But •
"Pale anal wan she grew, and Weakly—
• 'Bearing rill sher paint so meekly,
That to them she still grew dearet,
As the trial . hour drew. nearer."
That hour came at last, and the
neighborscassembled to See the little
one die. :The dew of deal h was ralready'
on the flower se its life.atin was going
down: The little chest -heaved faintly—
spasmodically. '
”Do you;know .me, darling?" sobbed
close in . hot esr the voice tharwas dearest;
hut; t awoke- no• answer. •
Alli•at once a 'brightness, se if it were'
from the tipper world, buret over the child's
colorlivreountenance: The eylide flashed
°peso:the lips parted, the' wan, cutid
ling handa , fleal l up. in' the little-one's last
impolsive effnri. se cite looked 'piercingly ''
intodui ler above. • • 3 •'• • • •
141 oither." , ilie cried, soprise and
tranaport,in klierione—and passed with
that Invathrinto her nuttlier's boantir. •
)i.Baitl. a diatingeshed divine, .*Who stood
- bythaehettbf , joyous'death •
hs4l ever beleivedln ,, the ministra
lion of our departed ones before.l could
not doubt it now I"
"'Pba`ee?'h Itovit'" with 'yin), said the
iiisetst Bpifit thaVeYer'paesed from" etrth
In heli46.'•'l4et Sti biat 'Feace,' einid the
spins triySielties end qyestinnings on Which'
light'of
nit y..' 7 -Aredeonat Era ' •
Stn ,RMTa flays. 41t seems neees.
Part' di it , greAt people ,shouli) die with
somai: groat end, notable , saying- MG
ItilLosid.soinelhiw not intelligible in his
nomeno. ,G. Rosa made ,it out to be,
Basemy,colinury„ Heaven! The nurse,
calming ialrgrOgated, Raid that be asked
for barley water I'
A; groerel wife having in ;II , passion
/ thrown an inkstand ati her husband, end
spattered:hint all over with the bkek lig
uid..aorne 'sum:dna wretch declared thin
she ,hid,been engaged at the battle of Ink
heroism;
4 - Webls heart, like the sun, shown its
liiihtiisi:nnitutetkaneq in its lqwest es.
'Neithir %maim -nor. birth, but mind
tMly, should be the aristocracy of a free.
•• • •
IRISH HEARTS
AIM TRIMIIIM lIKETCII.
The following sketeh from'an Irish char
acter our readers will recognise• as an. old
story ; but it is so thrillingly interesting,
and so true to nature, that we republish it.
The narrator prefaces the incident by eta:
tine that he found an Irish family—a hue
band. wife, and several children, on one
of
of our late steamers. They were in
great destitution; and the beauty of the
children was observed and admired by the .
passengers. At the request of a lady pas/
senger who, having no children of her
own. was desirous of adopting one of the
little lrishers. the narrator addressed him
self to die head of the family: •
Although I , had considerable double as
to the result, I offered my services as ne
gotiator, and proceeded immediately upon
my delicate diplomacy. Finding my
friend on deck I thus opened the affair :
"You, are very poor !”
Hie answer was characteristic—
"Poor, sir," maid he.; "aye, if tbere'm
a poorer man than me trotiblite the world,
God pity both of tn, for we'd be about
niqual."
"Then how do you manage to sopport
your children !" • `
I. it support them, sir Why, I don't
support them any way ; they get aupport
ed imine way or other. It'll be lime e
nough for me to complain when they do "
••Would it be a relief to you to part with
one of them ?"
It was too sudden ; he turned sharply
"A what, sir." he cried, "a relief to part
from me child ! Nonld it be a relief to
have the Itandschapped from the hotly, or
the heart torn out of my breast r A re•
lief indeed ! God be gond to us, what do
you inane ?"
"Yon don't understand me," I replied ;
"if now it were in one's power to provide
comfortably for one of your children would
you stand in the way of its interesti r"_
"No, sir," said he ; "the heavens heows
that I would willingly cot the itnisitine a
way 'from Myself; - that they might get all
the warm of it, Amid° tell ue who. your!e
driyin' at ?" •
I then
told him a lady had taken a fan
cy to one of his children ; s and. if he would
consent to it, it &mold be educated and
finally settled comfortably in life.
This threw him in a fit of gratulation
He scratched hie head and looked the ye
ry 'Apure al bewilderment., `li e struggle
• P
beiareelAfaner 4 4floie iid . . 4itell
"nit; weitt evitiedi tbieninilletentni'fie
maid—
"0, murther, would'nt.it be a great thing
for the baby I But I must go and talk
with Mary—that's the mother Of them ;
an' it would'nt he right to, be giving , away
her chilthen afore her face. and she to
know nothing a: all about it."
"Away with you then." said 1, "and
bring me an answer back as soon as pot
sible."
In abort half An hour he returned. lead
he two cf.ltio children. Hie eyes were
red and swollen, and his face pale (mai
excitement and agitation.
"Well." I inquirol. "what success !"
"Be dad, it ars. a hard strnigfe, sir,"
said he. •But I've been talkin' to Mary,
an' she say*. as it's for the child's good,
maybe the heavens above_ will give us
strength to hear it."
"Very well, and which of them is it to
be I"
"Fait and I don't know. sir," and lie
ran his eye duhiopely'over both. "Here's
little Norah—vhe's the oldest, and won't
need her mother so much—but theol-0!
fear an' aigers—it's ,myielf that can't tell
which i'd rather part with least; so take
the first one that comes id a blessiii'.—
There sir," and he handed over little
Norah—turning back he snatched her up
in his arms, and gave her one long. hearty
father's kiss. saying through his tears :
"May God be good him that's good to
you, an' them that offers you hurt or
harm, may their souls never see St.
Pettier."
Then takieig his other child .by the
halm, he walked away, leaving Numh with
me.
I took her down in the cabin, and we
thought the matter settled. It must be
confessed, to- my' great indignation, how.
over. in about an hour's time I eaw my
friend Pat at thewindow. Aamoon as he
caught my eye he ,commenced making
signs for me to come out. ' I aid so—and
found that he had the other child 'in his'
“What's the ntattor now?” asketki.
•• Well: sir, " said, he, 0 1. a: your par
flan for troubling you about' so fonli•sh a
thing, as • child or two,. but we are think.
in' that may be it'd make no differenre;—.
you see,sir, I've been talking to Melly.
an': she says Ale can't part with :Norih;
bicause the creature has a look ov me me;
hut here's little Bibbyothe's partyer, tar,
an' -ay you, please,- air, will you swap?"
"Certainly," said I, ..whene•cit * you
ISo snapped.' upl.• hide Norahts u
though it , were some .recorered• treasure.'
sad darted away:, from' her. leaving.littie'
Bibby. whn,remeined with us all flights;
but lot the moment when vie entered the
cabin in the morning, there was Pat mak
ing his mysterious signs again st the winj
dow, and this • time he had the youngest i
and a baby. in his emu. • • . ' '
"What's wrong natal's 1. enqui red.
the hokey fly, sir, an' it's myself
that's almost ashamed to von: Yon
see i.e been . talking to 'Mary, and she
did'nt like , to part with Nora!), because
she had a look or me, and be my soul, 1
can't part with Bibby, because she's • the
model of her mother, but there's little
Pautlieen, sir. There's a lump of Christi
an for you. two Years old, and not a day
more--he'V never he any trouble to any
que. for ar he takes after his mother, he'll
Rive the brightest eye. and air he lake , af
ter his father he'll have afine broad pair
of shoulders to push hi, way through the
world. Will you swap again, sir 1"
"With all . guy heart." said 1, "it's all the
GETTYSBURG, PA., FRIDAY EVENING,
, s OgTOBER 26; / 8 b,
same to me :"end so little
,Pandieen was - v . e Image . .11,le Father.”
left with me. On the birthday o - , It eleventh child, all
' "Ah, bah," said Ito myself, as I looked the wonien ablest: , tog to see , the dear
into his big laughing eyes, "the affair is (infant, and to tongl telate the happy pa
settled at last." - ' -.treats upon the' even ?'Our friend' antici
But it wasn't, for ten ntinutes bad iearce I pitted the visit. and nstead °Uttering the
elapsed. when Pat rushed into the cabin !child prepared for if , made :the servant
'without iign or ceremony. and snatching bring in a sucking pig, and dress ,it: up in
up the baby in his arms'cried ont— i ewsdline clothes, andltsi;ii.ring ori its face,
"It's no use, I've been talkin' to. Mary. ihe laid it in the pliCe l the real 'child slihuld
an' we can't do it. Look at him. air, he's i have occupied. The:ladies were hard.
the youngest and. the best of, the
,batch.-- iduced into the apartment. and gently ap.
You would'nt keep hint from us. You 1 proached the lied ; ;pit . ..covering's were
see, hir, Norah has a look or me. an' Bib- turned down. and a portion, of the face of
by has a look of Mary :. bin, be me soul, 1 the little grunter witiqtaTsiliell. •
laitde Paudiee n has the - mother ' s an' my I "Bless my soul I" Odd one of the ladies,
nose, an's laittle or both of uz all over! "what a renterkahtesi iltl."
No, sir. no . ; we , can'bear hard fortune, star- "Bo very totcreili ,17 said a second.
vation, ant! misery. but we can't bear to "And so good na
;.. I" ,observed the
part from our children , unless it be the i third. a 4 she ratans toying with' it.
till
will of Heaven to take t h em f ro m oz." "And how verY li ' r father," remark
ed the fourth. . .1„ , %. - '
They were all initr .— .
the observation; and
"The very isnage,..
The flattered permit .
room, convulsed *Will
old woman tovfniAore,
Deal goons with the Egli"'
That man, possesses an extremely low
and grovelling mite, who rejoices at the
downfall of another. A noble heart, in
stead of denouncing as s bousnintnate
scoundrel, one who has erred, ,will throw
around 'him the mantle of charity and the
arms of love, and labor to bring him back
to duty and to God. We are not our
oviiikeepers; Who knows when we shall
so far forgot ourselves as to put forth a
right'hand and sin. Heaven keeps us in
the natrow path. Bat, if we Should fall,
wh'ir, would be the end of oar course, if
iu every far we saw .a frown, and on every
brow we read Vengeance ; deeper. and deep
er 'Would we descend into the path of in
famy ; when if t differeappiiit were man
ifested towards us. we might have stayed
our caret!' of ruin and died an upright and
honest man. Deal gently with those who
go astray . Draw them back by love and
rersuasion, a kind word is more valuable
to tho lost than a mine of gold. Think
of this and be on your guard, ye who
would chase to the cocfines of the grave, an
erring and unfortunate brother.
We all hnve some frailty—
We all are unwise--
And the grace which redeems as,
Must come from the skies.
IBenellts of if ewspapers In a Fam-
Henry Ward Beecher gaYet "In no
other way can switi'lich, so varied. so use
ful information - be imparted, and under
circumstances so favorable (or educating
the child's mind as through a judicious,
well-conducted newspaper.
"To live in a village was once to be
shut up and contracted. Bat now a man
may be a hermit and yet a cosmopolite.—
$e may Jive iii,t4e *Om wilkimptleq
tel Oat 411tet, - IlleittltirinalltroOtite
we - ejt, and yet he shill he foetid as famil
iar with the living world as the busier. ac
tor in it; for a newspaper is a spy-glass
by which he brings near the most distant
things; microscope by which he leisurely
examines the most minute; an ear-trum
pet. by which he collects and brings with- I
in. his hearing all that is said and done all 1
over the earth ; a museum full of curios- 1
ides ; a picture-gallery full of living pie
tures from real life, drawn rant on canvass ;
but with printer's ink on paper.
"The newspaper is a great collector; a ,
great traveler, a great lecturer. It is the
common people's encyclopedia; the ly
ceum, the college !"
The influence of a good paper upon the ;
minds of a family of children can hardly ;
estimated : 'certainly not co.. pared with ;
the cost of the paper itself. his a aniver
pal fact assernd by teachers, and others '
who have made observations on this sub
ject, that children who have access to use
ful newspapers. at home, are better spel
lers, better readers, and understand what ;
they read better ; they obtain a practical
knowledge of geography and history more
readily, make better grammarians, and
w rite better compositions, and, in short,
are more intelligent, and learn faster than
children brought op in a family without I
the enjoyment of such reading.
Children are interested in newspapers. ;
because they read about many things with
which they are familiar. Often, too. they ,
will read a piper, because it comes new'
to them, every week. or every month.
when they would not open a. book. We
candidly beleive that a good , newspaper is
worth, a quarter's schooling to every child.
An unfortunate Habit.
Some persons are in the habit of dwel
ling upbn and greatly magnifying - every
little injury they receive at the hands of
I
others.. They thus render themselves
very disagreeableto those into, whose ears
Cloy are continually, pouring ; their •cism
plaints and at the m a ne time greatly in
jure'themselves in thO estimation of such,
whilst they are contributing very much to
their own personal misery. _How much
better would it be were such persona to
bury their little troubles, or at least to keep
them entirely out of sight I It is to be
presumed that they do not sufficienily re
flect upon the true: nature of their non
duct. else they would , certainly be more
careful to avoid it than they are. Jamie
son :forcibly; exposes the great folly of
such conduct by the following illustra
tion „. , : • - '
tnatt strikes me with a sword and
inflicts a -:wound.. Suppose. instead of
binding up the wound, I am showing it to
everybody. and after it has been bound up
I mu taking, otl Abe ,bandage continually
and, examining the depth of the 'wound.
and make' t fester till my limb becomes
greatly inflamed and my general health
is materially affected ; is there a person
in the world who Would not call me a fool?
Now such a fool is he who, by dwelling
upon, little injuries, or insults, or provoca
tions, causes them to agitate or 'inflame
his mind. How much , better
and
it to
put a bandage over the wound • and never
look at it again.—German Reformed
Messenger. •
A parent , who atnkes a child in anger,
is like the man who strikes the water
. ;
the consequences of the blow are sure' to
fly up in oven fare.
"111 take pour pan." as the dog said
to the cat when he robbed - bet of her
dinner.
'ciPEARLESS AND FREE."
t I stely struck wi th
, ...
I':
aimed
• t:
;rushed
. out is e latherl" ef
the
1 - "filter, leaving the
i heir mistake.
. ~
it
. -
i
is ' 5
10 ' . •
as, t
111
I (Note me Roil' , There has .arisen
f much petty controveShout the common
I expression "tinder=,'
,: rose," and two
'different origins has teen assigned.—
Some persona asse '', hid it ought to be
spelt "under the row' . .for that in former
!days almost all taiga's, ere,built with the
;
second story 'Project' over the' lower
tone—a sort of piazziti,pr row, as the y
!termed it. and which 404 still he seen at
' Cheater,.. and- actmerolither • old. •English
towns; and that,
wit' V the elders of the
!argil were sitting a 4 their windows en.
i joying the air. their . s and daughters 1
were making 'eve tir ' I re they multi not;
!see them, "under the, s."' The other
is much more elegant.. ? Cupid, iris said,
i r
gave a rose toEfarprinnues, tbmGod of
Silence ; and from Oak legend originated
the practice that previjfed among northern
nations of suspending il rose Mint the coil
.
mg over the upper emir t le table, when
the conversation was : tended to be kept
secret ; and that it waiNaecooling-to Off
ers, which ;wife rise i ' he phrase. .gun
ti
I der the rose."—Nefei I n it Queries.
EXTRAVAGANCES ‘ .DRESS.: BUTA
TION.--In our zeal littitateithe vices
l and follies and extr ar ',Wee Of foreign
]lg era, it would be wetfur ` us to imitate
II some of their virtues ' . The folifting
extract from an CO ;age , paper affords
one instate.* mall' perihy of Willa
; •
l• t on :
; "The Hon. Miele . " y, sister of a
I
!Scott'h puke, and. ' nor to Alueer,
1 Vietitriiir hasp . foc , sivwda'
tin New York. Mist Murray is a lady
of tine person, robust health, and untom•
'mon energy of eharacter—about thirty
five years of age. lier frank and cordial
manners, her intelligence and great ktud
news of heart. Secured her many friends.—
She appears, however, to he struck with a
mazement at tbe extravagant expenditure,
the helplessness, andthe ill-health of that
unfortunate class of beings, the fashiona
ble women of our cities. Miss Murray,
like the fashionable women of Europe,
dresses ad plainly that it probably costs
her less to dress a whole year than ninny
a Now York lady expends for a half dozen
handkerchiefs. It is a settled thing in
Europe. that extravagance in dress is the
very extreme of vulgarity. and is never
indulged in except by those whose only
claim to gentility is the length of their
purse."
A RAY OF ASTRONOMY.—.Caesar;" said
R negro to a colored friend of "which
do you link is de muse useful of de cum.
eta—de sun or de moon ?"
(!em, I dim% think I shall be
able to answer dat question. 'min' as how
I neher bud much hook larnin."
"Well. Caesar, 1 speck de moon ortar
take de lust rank in dot particular."
"Why so, nigger ?"
"Because de moon shines in de night
when we need de light, and de sun shines
in day time-when de light am oh no con
sequence."
'Well. Clem, you is the most learned
darkey I giber reed ; I gess you used
.to
sweep out a school-house for's lihin."
NATURALIZED VOTERS.--.Aeeordillg to
the mutinies prepared ie the New York
Census Department, the total native pop
ulation of Albany city is 4,060, and the
naturalized vote is 4,426. In the whole
county of Albany the result is quite differ
ent. the number of nativer voters being
12.431, and of naturalized voters 6.049 or
less than hall.
PHONOOR/WHIC.-A • min wrote Dr.
Franca the follnw lug : Dear' Dorm r-4
caught cold yesterday. and have got n lit.
tle horse. Please ants what shall do
for them.",
The followink was the ; answer; "Deer
P. for the' cold take a pound of 'better
candy. For the hide horse. huh a saddle
and bridle, and. ride him the :first time
we have lair weather." : r
Mathew Lansbrg used to say, oil you
wished to have a shoe 'tittle 'at durable
material. you should make the upper leath•
er
,ol.the.rnouth of to old toper, for thus
newer lets in water."
lts that a lightning•bng;in. The street t"
asked a short-sighted old, lady.
grandma," said a pert little, Miail• a
big-bug with a Agar." • ,
A bachelor the other morning remark
ed that wives who use the
,needle arc like
the enroll spoken ' of in the parable— .
they sew tares while the husbantimett
The Olney Republican says, there ie
roan in that town so dirty , thst , the , as.
senor puts him down as real, estate.
A teetotaller, on• being told the tem
perance men. were a sat or robbers, said :
...Yee they have robbed the poor hoots)
'and the State prison of their violin's l"
'Co see's tiati with hie-hat on" at mid
night., explaining to a lantp•pdst the po
litical principles of his party,. is no proof
of tosoponulce.
' itxQugsT.' ceS, when they aro not confined suffieiently
ADDRES'S. long to prove fatal, you will generally ob
nerve them to become pallid in features,
• .
DELIVERED 'BEFORE TILE "ADAMS CO UN— puny, siekly, delicate and diseased, and
TY TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION," BY their constitutional powers, with the vital
WM. C. STEM, M. D. stamina of life, (which is the blood.) poi- ,
coned at their fountain heads. This may
' have been witnessed under your own otH
sm-coition, for many tnere are whose pow-;
lent of life have bees weaken,...l irrecovera
bly, and from no other cause titan that of
being housed up in heated and unventila.,
ted apartments. As this prejudicial in-!
fluence Is very Insidious in its nature, on.
I account of its gradually stealing upon the
vital piston, of life, I would admonish you,
las teachers. and for the common good of,
mankind, to be careful how you heat your.
apartmen is or school rooms during school
1 hours. If the grade of heat becomes in.
I any way superabundant, or the school
room crowded, or both, have access, ifj
possible,, to ventilation ; for by SO doing
you will avoid evil tendencies and derang
nient of health, and at the same time se
cure comfort to all within. When a
crowded school room is heated without
ventilation, there is more or less electri
eity,contained in it, and I wish you to re
member that that agent has a very great
influence in uniting instantaneously the
gasses contained therein and tendering
them noxious, even unto death ; for the
oxygen in a , manner, would 'be partly con
sumed and converted into carbonic acid
gas by 'respiration. Therefore. fresh air
would, be necessary to Supply the deficien
dY of oxygenin the room. Withotit this
youcould ribtlotig, wait, if confined io
ailidi
My friends, to you, as knehdrs, I bold
up to view these simple truths to, mark
that frbecheroui qUicksand Upon which
the health and happiness 'of hundreds,
yes. tlibusanda, have been wrecked. And
there, are_nunibers of the fairest portions
of mankind who might' have. been in the!
enjoyment at life this day, whose remains
aro now mouldering. into dust, bad not
the very vital atumina el life been poison
ed'at: its fountain head by being too closely
enftued,ip sultry, heated,and unventilated i
a pariments. And the very countenance,
,pf tbuutiand9 yet livhig bear intsintroverti-;
hie testinieny'' that :from . similar muses;
the nitwits of ruin and decay are visibly
,l 3 latlPP.e,d / ap9P :Oak features., Bat such
D4 i n g 9,e fate af. w ilnrn'faitY and the sat:
&rings of the gioitter portion of mankind,:
W 8 (moot help hut Sympathizi with the.*
for undergoing such a slowspecies of monk
nifty,' whilst Marty of them they be en.
irelY ignorant of the cause. This may be
, coo to, it very alarming .exteut in our
it towns = aqd el les .14an tlem
are
• ---
GENTLE:tint :—ln confortnity with your
request, through your honorable Smola
ry, bave,T been summoned ioto your pres
ence, and with no other &Ago than that
of lending mY little `assistance;in game-,
ting the geed of my follow man. As the
subject is one which embodies within itself ,
a source of interest and importance , tipper-
taining to the health 'and
_longevity , of;
mankind. your deportment cannot be too j
highly cotunmnded 'as Tenchers for sincli-
mug , your deliberations Upon a subject of
so great importance to ,yourselves as vrello
as the rising generation entrusted to your s
care. And the little I may know Or pos-1
Bess will bo offered unto youthisafternnon
in the way of a few remarks Open that itn-;
portant subject- 4, 7We Heating and Ven
tilating of ~ School .
,Rooms" and, their Re
lation to Health, ¢c.'' , , in, considering
this subject; in the"first Place I deem it ne
cossary to inform You of What common 'or
atmospheric air is composed: ".'secondly,
the combination of mewl which render it .
unfit. for respiration or-injurious to ; health:
I Now the air which we breathe was for ma
ny ages considered a- simple haniogeneaus
fluid and it wait not until the last century
that it was found to be n oornpound. body.
This fact has long since been ancertained,
by the discoveries of; modern chemists, par
-
Hauled; those of Blsteh,.PrioattY., Peercroy,
1 'Lnvoister, Schelde and Cavendish, . Com.
mon or attuosphe`rie air is chiefly comps).
sod of two gasals; oxygen and nitrogen,
the former'-containing about twenty-four
parts by weighi, and the latter seventy...six,
or about twenty-two parts of the former to
seventy-eight of the latter by bulk. Thes e
propertions are the seine wherever, at
mospheric air is found i and in soidWon to.
this atmospherics air may be said to contain
a small proportion of carbonie arid gas,
with seine watery vapor. In neither of
these elements:could we exist; ; for hy „in-1
luding'oxygen alone we would 'become so
exhilarated,as quickly to exhaust our' vital
powers, and . by breathing nitrogen - we
would instsutly die- s -er, iii. other 'words,'
it would MINI) saphyxia and death. But'
Providence has ao wisely, . proportiened
them together in' their proper ear lefty that
they are fitly adapted' to our respiration
anti at the same time: cotiduoive to our
houttb, But whenever the shrive power s
tiott'tit niygen is in any manner altered, o r
its due supply withheld, 'the - lungs must
suffer, together with the heart an .9091i*.
- _ fAttim . . •
ate to injure, the parity of the air wetreathe
Iu a tight seem candles. vrhutt berning,
, may consume so much of the oxygen as to
render it less fit for iespiratiett, and' even
death has follnwed in such instances from
respiring coo much nitrogen. ~
,Sometimes
more or less of carbonic acid gas becomes
mingled with it and 'renders it even inca
pable of supporting life. This often oc
curs by the air becoming vitiated in
quality by being too frequenty tetipired
by persons in a heated or crowded room, as
the air undergoes an important -change
during the process of respiration. Noth
ing, indeed, is Inst respecting weight, hut
the oxygen combining with the carhop of
the blood fornis carbonic acid Os, and in
that form is the air found as it issues from
the air cells of the tulip at each respira
-600. Hence the groat injury received
from the depression of the vital organs of
the body, (when the oxygen becomee
partly exhausted.) by respiring even for
a short time that '
contaminated air, which,
if continued, would be incapable of sup
porting life. •
As all of you are well aware of the
manner in which school rooms are heated,
&c.; any further eomment by mo upon the
materials used for that purpoo would be
unnecessary, as leerily believe the' ele
ments by which we are surrounded,(with
sonic exceptions io various localities and
at certain seasons of the , year.) if properly
used, were intended for our ocunfort and
good, and that it was never designed by'
Providence fur us to behouned up in heat
ed apartments, reaPiring,contaminated air.'
Tinder such opPreasing circumstances hu
manity groans and Man maybe truly said to
be the author of misery to hituself. There
is en account given of some Ptgliqh pris
oners at Calcutta who were' crowded into
an apartment, eighteen foot square and
partly underground, and hiving only one
MUM opening for the liglit'antteir to en
ter; and out tof one hundred and forty
six persons who were erewded, into that
nniull apartment ato'clock sit night but
twenty-three B
were living et 6 o'clock 6,3,1
next morning. In' this case.'the body of
men collertively , produced a heat', and as
the oxygen, became exhausted by respira
tion, there was more or less fever occasion-,
ed by breathing the atlinixtuie, of the
gasses united by the electricity c ontained
in'the apartnient, which . occasioned -the
number. of ,detiths just 'stated: rA,tain,
you will also perceive here that the great
er part of the oxygek wan converted into
carbonic'acid gas byiempiyation, (aft I have
stated' heretofore) 'and its due supply;
withheld, for the want of fresh air to di-'
lute tlinra gasses, which ilys the plausi.
bility of death. I might enumerate 'leat
hern of similar instances, but down is no.
necessary, no the above illustration'•will,
suffice to support Me views . I am urging)
up:in your a ttention. But rho ' injurinus I
influence in Only exerted •In a partial
way upon individuals; encloned , within a 1
schoolroom, as they are not confined suf
ficiently leng at anyone Lima to prtiv,e fa
tal to them. ' Yet it haft a very blighting
tendency upon the blooming appearances'
of youth. 'For childreo everything . Oti. I
necessarily tending' to close confinement'
and impure air, which tends towards the'
deranginent of the. vital organs of the bn.
dy e or acting as barriers to their proper
growth or development, should be avoided.
But inadvertent of all this, my friends,
you will find many places ,where children
are closely confined in the retired' abodes
of misery and suffering from the actual ,
want of being supplied , with fresh and
wholesome air. Under such , eircumstan
-1
e!rnM . .b.kdauzikag ,, -4=OXIM --
dr &nail t an t:
=l=
and *holeanino air
But t my friends, ati everything in nature
is subject to detionspottition nod decay I
must tell you, wi thout deviating from the
subject, that the atmospheric air which we
breathe is oftentimes so polluted with the
admixture or vapottri arising front the
decaying vegetable matter of the Earth at
le . become as fatal in various loco tides as
my confined Within heated and uriventila
ed ,selipol rooms. a bi,,,pesttletiti , ,i Va
pour is styled in Medical language "Nlalar
la," and is found to exist in various local
ities all over the Etirth, particularly in the
wanner seasons of the year. This malaria.,
as I have said arises as the exhalationsl
fiem the' putrid deolaying vac - citable matter
of the Env by mad mingling with atmospher
ic air, vitiates and renders tt, consequently
unfit for respiration. Therefore upon yen-
Witting Sohohl rooms and epartments in
various where this malaria is
present, % you would not bettcrynar condi
tion a great, deal;, yet, you Might. secure to
yourself sotr.ewhat cooler air, hat, not de
void of pestilential properties. The Earth
in order to produce thin must be moistened
with occasional showers of rain—the wea
ther sultry and hot, and 'sometimes, cool,
and under such - eiremustuneos you will;
find in various localities that , this malarial
is very poisonous even unto death.
Now, iu order to cesium you, I will cite
a few instances to show von that such is
the cane. We ere informed by the the ten-1
timonies of &thane and Dinnysius, of Flal- i
icarnattsus; that the first settlers of Rome'
wore obliged to abandon the Palatine
mounts ma account, of . ; the pernicious ex
halations of time Valabrum. And we are
informed by Colnmella ihat the very am
poeirs 'of the land cultivated by A tulles
Regulus were postilenainl: Plutarch, in his
writinge,,apenks of noted,periode of sickness
and death, which marred in the time of
Remains' and &ma'. oat° mentions places
where it is imposiible to on account
0f,,,-the impu rity„ of the air, and .Livy and
arra beat testimenito the same. Histo-
Ham; given us seam' fearful aceounts of the
destruction of armies encampedwithiu the
confines, of this malaria. „Dr. McCulloch
, „
speas of it ao tuts manner— , sll' th e
sword, hied slain its thousands, malaria
18.'0111in - its' Moe of thilusialid'il. It is di
sease, not the field erection, which digs the
grave •• of armies. It is malaria, by which
the burning spirit, fitted for better things.
is quenclied and in the coward's bed of
death. This is rho destroying angel, the
' read pestilence; which walks et noonday
and to ,whiela all other causes olmortality
aro but 0.9 feeble auxiliaries in , the work
of destruction."' The French army upon
the; shores of Italy . 1528 itilst in a very
short space of time ' twenty four thonsand, t
and the English army at Welchem . ) lost in
the .abort. space of nearly five weeks ten t
thousand moo. all front the effects of this '
inkirMus lualaria. The sacred writings!
are 'not devoid of truths 'to convince yon
of some of the Plagues that were visited
Upon mankind in this way' ,
, But the omit fearful account of mortali
ty which I. reiuctnbur reading is given by
Boecaccio.'in - his intrtuluetory translations
to hie Decamerone. He says people drop
ped'dotru dead at their usual labor, ar.d in
the city of Florence, in the northern parr
of Italy, iu the Levant, from April to July.
ono hundred thousand souls died, which
city, previous to that pestilence, was not
considered to et:ordain so many inhabitants.
The
. opinion of Dr. 'AleCulloch, and other
eminent Physibians of Italy is, that one
single insinnuion even they be quite au&
zti.n . Ar'
TWO DOLLARS PER A:MM.
INUMBE 33.
Meet to cause a disease, let slew being
exposed to it for a time. But the visita
tion of there pestiknces occur in rations
litealities all over the world, more parties
lady in the warm climates, sod our oW
country in numerous places can hear testi
mony to the same. Infinite is the mortal
ity occasioned in this way, sad during
such pestilential seasons great attention
sheet! be paid to the cleatilioess of places,
the straining of mashes, the use of dish).
fected agents, die.* In marshy ditericts
where there; is a great deal of stagnaut wa.
tee, or along the extended estuaries oiri
verse theca vapours are generally more fa
tal, as this water is subject to putrefaction
on account of being impregnated the more
or lees by dead animal or vegeto protescent
matter, from the water being drained off
the Earth into theseclumnels. Ootaeoustut
ly, when undergoing putrefaction under
the burning rays of a vertical sun, the va
pours are more profuse and fatal to all the
inhabitants within its influence. Pare
water (flydrore, n and Oxygen) is not
subject to putrefaction.
Therefore, you will perceive from what
I have raid the necessity of having School
houses erected in healthy localities ; and
as I bare pointed out to you the prominent
features of the impurities of the air we,
breathe in various localities, and the evil
tendencies open health, I will omit for the
present to speak of the manner in which.
the electrical state of the attnosphere'p,r
gesiteelf of its impurities. But, returning
to the original part of my discourse, Y ott
will perceive there is nothing of greater
importance and of greater eceuikteration
on gyour part in view of your profession
than the enjoyment of health, and as long
as those minatory influences which I have
spoken of are unobserved and the hygien
ic condition of pupils are not ameliorated,
so long will them evils prejudicial to
health remain unabated. Bat to remedy
those evils is a duty devolvino c upon your.
selves, and t indulge no fears but that you
will use your best, exertions in your delib
erations here, in this convention, for their
removal, and so fir as you are concerned
seek to revere comfort to yourselves and to
those entrusted to yotir rare. And as the
arts, and wieners are annually making pro
gress and rapid strides from one genera
tiara toanother, I think the time is not far
distant when you will be called upon by
legislative - authority to teach in ourComeion
Settools the principle, of human physiolte'
g er and chemistry, which will make you
, more familiar with your organiiridon and
1 the properties of the perishable material of
Earth. And it is a duty ineumbent upon
you te beep pace with the sciences audits
t'_ ee.,acesuaiited_ .,... _ eritb Akove brandset Ore'
:•lateariel vbteli many of yeti priablyploy
!see: e lms you will be the better [emptiest
to admen's!' and provide for the wants of
your pupils respecting health during School
hours. In differentia:mei you will doubt-1
' less find many persons averse to all boners
l tion iu the way of teaching. as the intro
-1 duction of any thing - into school other-
I wise than that of the simplest Education
is eoreislered useless and even dangerous.
1 Tic such, my friends, the world owes no
i debt of gratitude. But lam happy to say
' that a large part of mankind are awakened
to a litelyeense of the utility of ourfree R.
erary inssitutions as the principal support
in maintaining the pillars of liberty, and
as you are the agents for the diffusion of
knowledge you can turn the rivulets of
learning by every poor man's door in the
commonwealth. Pennsylvania, agreeably;
to the mandate of her constitution, some
twenty five years ag ' provided for this by
legislation, and the Free School System, al.
though weak and deficient in many points
yet it strengthened annually by legislation
I even down to the present time. This dif
-1 fusion of knowledge among the mas s es is
one of the noblest efforts that can emi
r mond eur attention and I feel assured that.
1 there is not one present to day but would
hatmonixe with me in the sentiment
1 prompted by the occasion as to our duty in
1 seekingto perfect thesystein and remedy the
defects. The ancient. Grecians and unmans.
were not neglectful of this matter. as the
iPhysical Education of their children was
1 a matter of peculiar importance. But to
you, ray friends, after speaking of one or
two more particulars, I shot: leave the ante •
jest, hoping that the Pareets generally of
the rising generations may feel a deeper its
-1 terest with yours.elves in having the health
of their children better cared for. by seeing
1 that means arc adopted for proper ventila
tion in every School house in the common
wealth. The construction of School Houses
at present is.not adapted for proper ventage
tion, yet you can ventilate your school
rooms by elevating or depressing the
windows to answer the purposes desired
until a teeter mode is established. But I
,do not think the !Legislative authority of
oar Sate could confers greater favor upon
mankind than that of paesing alaw provi
ding for the proper ventilation of all the
School houses and literary Institutions in
the commonwealth. For it is no offence
against the law at present, so fax as my
knowledge exensils, to prism the health of
the fairest portion of mankind with ute
whole - Jule air in sultry, heated and unveil.
tasted School rooms. Yet the health of
children, so largely committed to your care,
deserves your serious censideration. and I ,
hopeyour 11101t1121 labors here may have ti
tendency to effect much good in the way
of removing the many evils attendant aim
health, and close confinement during school •
hours. Itrnstthatthe su ro stictos 'have in.
ged upon the present subject may be prat.'
tably received by you, and be of service to
those entrusted to your care. Malkin
you foryour kind atuntitsu I have only m
conelumou to express the hope that 'one
present meeting will be profitable and bar.
monk)°, and that your deliberations may
be fraiight with much good in advasiN
that system of human progression, whit"
when properly undetionad,- Weds negethag
the fraternity of all men. * • '
Chlorinated rise, bbein' g yrioldisd
round in platerand renevedoororioraditlica
in and oat *Mars )
_'tarn esootiont a re*
presenting and arresting sainial tad irojgofo*l
purrefution and deem* postaseiW
fikctious Wagon. 4 ,
Qia
1 N i
+~.
i'
~ ~4 4 fls: s :