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V . II . JAC03Y, TuMisher.j
VOLUME 16.
THE STAR OF THE NORTH
IS Pl'BUSHlD SfIRT wrDUSDAT BT
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Whtn tnrse c!d Boots were Sew.
There are I several doggerels published in
he Star and Democrat, said to be written by
Col.-Freeze. Ofie is set to the tone of
"When this old, hat wasnew." Sippoe
he would try hi band at onei To My OU
Boots" the pair he promised to eit if Me
Clellan wasn't elected. The theme would
be eugsestivel Columbia Co. Republicans
... IVtten tb old boots wre new, -.Fc
John was peddling pills; ' '
. And Greenwood Quaker swallowed them,
-,' For all life's numerou ill ;
Ti be drove an old brown mars,
Tlie utky matched her too.
, And drops Thomaonian were the go.
When theaa old boola were new.
When these old boots were new.
It wa well understood
That he would soon depopulate .
That ancient neighborhood.
Unless aonis other kind of work
1 'He could be brought to do,
And so they sent him down to Bloom.
When ttieiff old bojta were new.
When these old boots were new,
Tlw "Good Samaritan,"
Ths "Phariiee.-arid "CldGray Fo"
Stood by hint td a man , '
They heiped him to sprinting prrs.
Anl each, and credit too,
Ani gave bim srerythin? he had, '
When these old boots were new.
When thew old boots were new,
Ths Psrty was hi own ;
j And through the Borrowed Smut Machine
De played the game aloue ;
Thef hap'd mall honor on hi head.
. . Made him. Pot Maater too.
And then h pimped for TUoxtt Dcxn. '
When these old boots were new.
, Since theae old boot were new.
Great change have occurred :
The honest men who helped him once.
His IivVies discard ; '
And tikjstu ncienl Quaker friend.-
J-teltircd of bim too.
' Xa"Vih bim once more, where be wa
When theae old boot were new..
SPE EC H
, or
CAPf. CHARLES C. BROIXKAY,
A' the Great Nob Mountain Meeting, Colum
bit County, on IVethiesdoj, August
30i
J565,
Fricnm id Fxt.LOw Soi-diebs : It may
be according to lactic to put raw recruits
in front while these old veterans are kept in
reserve, but the position is a painful one.
Inasmuch, however, as I hsve been assigned
a position in ttws asanlt on the enemy, iti
my duty to advance to the charge, and if
repulsed I shall fall back upon the reserves.
W have assembled here, as we have a
perfect right to So, alike 'io celebrate the es-
tablishment of our party, and to retfew ,
tablishment of our party
among ocr peop'e their political faith.
: For four long years we have engaged in
a bloody civil war ; the garbs of mourning
before me, the maimed soldiers who have j
met here prove the deperafioo of the sing- (
gle, were other evidence wantfna. The j
questions are pertinent, what 'have .we
fought fori Why is this fair land filled with
cripples, with mourning aoi hy are we
as a nation overwhelmed with debt? Theae
are ihe questions which have been assigned
roe, and I will endeavor to state what . we
v fought for, what we did nor fight for, and
what wa 'should now insist upon. When
we consider the conflicting opinions of lead
iig men, of different communities, the im
portance of a proper solution of the ques
tion will ba apparent. The: subject is an
old one; ydri have beard it day after day
for tha past four years ; and 1 shall not pre
tend to give you any original thoughts on
.the subject, but to revive old ones to your
.' tn.inds.
The object of the South, 1 take it, we? to
estibliah a separate government among
Stales alike interested in the preservation
of the institution of slavery, which they
- claimed had been illegally interfered with.
Doubtless other causes impelled them to
thia course, but this was the main one. The
object of h West, besides the general one
13 maintain the Union of our fathers, was to
open and keep open the navigation of the
- Mississippi river, that they might, through
Jl, send their produce to market. The
raassea of the Middle States were 'actuated
fcr trulj "patriotic impulse, ihoajh 'ihey
jknew thai non jfcely bordera would the
lontsst be decided. The object of tbe Eas,
fcowaver, I hold, was not the general one to
prsservatha Union, though some men with
in its borders may have so stated. It was
the desire cf vengeance upon the Ibootb.and
ppon South Carolina In particular. They
ere root opposed to secession, because they
had been advocates of that doctrine from
the foundation of pur government. Many
cf ray teasers may be old enou;h jio re
rnsciwer the Essex Junto and the Hartford
Conversion. Tbey may remember the no
rzixozi petiiicna coming from that .portwn
rf tbs United States 'to Congress, praying
Ur a d'sKolctloa cf -the Union. For over
th . j thy tava declared that "they
vroo!J havs r.f Union' with slaveholders." i
Yea Lifi r,:t fc'uen that Gsnsra! B-nk.
- i I'M b'-'i civil aoo ns Hilary- pc;
BLOOM SB
lion under oor government, a man whose
name is synonymous with disunion and de
feat, declared ibat "be "was willing in-certain
contingencies to let the Union slide."
Yon have not forgotten that a certain rep re
tentative in Congress from that godly city
of boston, and who now holds a high di
plomatic position uflder the govern rrfent,
declared that "the time had arrived when
we most have an anti-flavery Constitution,
an anti-slavery Bible,' and an ami slavery
God." Garrison's Liberator, a prominent
New England paper, and one extensively
circulated in the army by the Sanitary Com
mission, long had at its head as a motto
"The Constitution is a covenant with death
an agreement with hell." These men
are types of New England sentiment, and
hated alike the Union and the Constitution.
Nor were they acioated by a desire to sop
port the laws, because they have been the
first to break them ; they have- refused to
carry -out the provisions of the fugitive
slave law, though founded upon a direct
command of the Constitution: and have set
up their own corrupt conscience as me
higher law," in following which they claim
the riaht to break through all laws all con
stitutions. These are the men whom 1 ar
raign before you as-having been disloyal in
the past, and who, when the present war
commenced the first they ever attempted
to support endeavored to pervert its ob
jects, liul ihe maioprmg oi ineir action
was the love of gain, and they have grown
rich by taking advantage of the nation's
necessities, and the knowledge 'that Ihey
were secure Irom invasion.
But, fellow citizens, outside of New Eng
land, the grand moving cause was patriot-
ism. this desire to perpetuate the govern- j
monl nf nnr father, and to transmit it to .
our posterity, to resent the insult to the fla-j
before mr which the sua is guying
bis settinz ravs. We could not bear
with
that :
one star hould be taken from its sky. The j
blood of our fathers was embalmed in its j
red, the purity of their cause in lis white, j
and the freedom they attained in its blue. J
Thee considerations induced me and thou- j
sands of my comrades to forsake the peace
fol avocations of life, and. to bare our breants
to the storm of battle. There were no
pany distinctions, and Democrats were
among the first to offer their services. i
Having shown the object of ihe people,
let u consider the objec of the administra
tion as publicly declared to us. Preider.t
Lincoln in his .inaugural aJdres. said, "I
have no purpose, direedy or indirac ly, to
interfere wi:.h the instilution of slavery in
the States where it now exists. 1 believe I .
have do lawful right to do so; and i have .
no inclination to do so. The
power confided to me will be used to hold,
occupy and possess the property and places
belonging to the government, and to collect
the duties and imposts j but beyond what
may be necessary for these objects, there
will be no invasion, no using of force
against or among the people anywhere."
This was the declaration ol ihe then Pres-
ident; but funher, in his proclamation call-
ing for 75,000 troops, he raid it was "to re-
possess the forts, places and property of the
United States, and we shoutd avoid devas-
tation or disturbance of peaceful citizens." ,
The famous Committee of" Thirty three on j
the S:ate of the Union, of which Thomas
Corwin, now Minister to Mexico, was
chairman, reported among; other equally
strong resolutions, th6 following : l'Resolvedx
That we recognize slavery as now existing
in fifteen of the United States, by (he usages
and laws of those States; and we recog
nize no authority, legally or o herwise, out
side of a Stale where il so exists, to inter
fere with slavbs or slavery in such States in
disregard of the rights of their owners, or
the peace of society." Added to ibis wi
had the almost onanimons resolution of
Congress, ''That this war is not waged on
our part in any spirit of oppression, or for
any purpose of conquest or subjugation, or
purpose of overthrowing or interfering with
the rights or -established institutions ol j
those States, but to defend and maintain j
the supremacy of the Constitution, and 13 ,
preserve the Union, with Ihe dignity, equal
ity, and righls of he several States unim
paired; and that as soon as these objects
are accomplished the ar ought to cease
Here we have the objects of the war state
by the highest authorities in the land. It
was not to be for conquest or eut jq&aiion ;
not to overthrow the institution of slavery or
any other institution without the consent of
the States In'erested. It was a contract be
tween the soldiers and the government.
The consideration on our part was our lives,
oor blood ; and after we were sworn into
tbe service we were cooly .informed that thu
objects for which we enlisted should not bt)
carried out, and thus the solemn pledges of
1861 were broken, and tbe war made ono
for tbe negro and ncy for tbe Union. Wo
want these pledges kept. -We have doon
our duly in this contest, as tbe blood shed
during tbe pasf four years attest?, and wti
now call on tbs powers that be, or if they
are unwilling, upon Ihe people who placed
them in authority, to see that this contract
is kept. Remember it was no holiday ex
ccoion we undertook, nor was it to meet
art ordinary foe. We were to fight our owo
flesh and blood ; men as brave by nature as
we are ; men whose fathers bad fought with
oars to achieve the Revolution, and who il
lustrated the falor of their race from the
snows of Canada to the scorching plains of
Mexico. It is due to ourselves to admit
that the Southern people are brave and were
ski!l!u!!y led. else we can claim but IittUr
hor.cr for subduing them with our super lor"'
nstrsri. Tb?y showed devotion werthr I
Trnlh
UR G. COLUMBIA
a beitrr cause, and it was only by supe
rior numbers and indomitable perseverance
we compelled their surrender.
Among the first acta ol the administra
tion violating our contract, was the publica
tion of the emancpation proclamation. At
the time I was confined in Libby prison as
one of "Pope's felons," but ihe sufferings j
f imnritnnmont nera nothins romoared to
the mental torture on finding the h'gh and
noble cause for which I enlisted debased by
being made a struggle for g"ing freedom
to a few degraded , negroes. Leading Re
publicans, it i- true, urged the measure as a
militny necessity, as if twenty millions of
white men could not subdue eight millions
South without the aid of a few cowardly
negroes. They also promised reinforce-
menu of white troops- G jv. Yates spoke
of the ''flaming giants" of the West who
would come to oor rescue; Gov. Andrews
said the streets and highways ol the East
would swarm with patriotic troops ; while
even Greeley promised his 900,000 more,
Yet they never came save in the shape of
some darkief stolen from the South, and a
few needy foreigners imported from abroad.
The natural result of this ill-timed procla
mation was to stop recruiting in the North,
and from that time large bounties and heavy
drafts had to be rcoried to to fill our armies,
while so long as the war was for -the Union
more tolunteers were offered than the ad
ministration would accept.
Another effect was to consolidate Ihe
South A: the beginning of the war, ac
cording to President Lincoln's own state-
rxent, we had a majority of friends there, !
but this measure extinguished the last
Pple in ihe attempt to preserve their pro-
Peri
I hold alo that the war has been unnec
essarily prolonged, that competent generals
have been removed and their places sup
plied by experimental ones ; that our forces
were divided where they should have been
consolidated,' and thatovertures of peace
from the enemy were rejected. The doc
trine was openly proclaimed that the "last
man and the last dollar" should be used
in ordr to liberate the negroes. Fellow
soldiers, can you affiliate with such men "i
You and I have lost beloved comrade, nay
suffered ourselves ; yet we mut be insulted
with a4suraiices that these friends died, or
we suffered, not for the Union, not in de
fense of the Constitution, but to make the
neuro our equal. That this war was uridiily
prolonged I can prove by ihe highest Re
publican testimony Horace Greeley who,
in speaking of the Niagara Peace Confer
ence said, "Had this wise and brave course
been taken when Alex. H Stephens first
publicly frolici'ed permission to visit Wah
ington,! believe it would have saved. a qsar
ter of a mitiion of lives, an awful amount
of devastation aod misery, and left our na-
lionftl debt a full billion less than it is to-
day." The President, in refusing overtures
of peace, also forgot that portion of his an-
noal message of 1862, which says: "Sup-
pose you to to war, you cannot fight al
ways ; and when after much loss on both
sides, and no gain on eilher, you cease
rjgnting, trie identical old questions, as to
terms of intercourse, are again upon you."
Another result of giving freedom to th
negroes and placing them in our arm) was
the death of thousands of our breihern in
Southern pri-ons. Our government refused
to carry out the. cartel of exchange . un leu
some negroes then held by the enemy were
liberated. What was the consequence ? In
one year seventeen hundred Pennsylvania
soldiers died at Andersonville prison. I
know that General Butler now charges that
Secretary Stanton ordered him to compli
cate the exchange in order that the rebel
forces should not be strengthened. Bat
what of that! ' Besides trying Captain
Wirze, ihe keeper of the Andersonville
prison,! would indict Ben. Butler and EL
Stanton.
The war being over, the question occurs
bow shall we secure the otjec.s for which
we fought? In the first place, we should
return to trial by jury. The time for courts
martial and military commissions, I appro
bend, is over, or at least should be. Those
of us who have been in the service know
something about their constitution and
powers. While in the army I was several
times a member of a court martial, and
ouceajedge advocate, and J know that, as
Senator Hale declared, ''they are organized
to conict." Woe be to the civilian who
comes before them. Tbey are allowed no
counsel, save at the discretion of tbe court
in general are ignorant of the charges
against them, and have no means of pro
curing witnesses. The accuser also selects
the judges of the crime, and then has ihe
approval of the sentence. There muti be a
return to civil law, not only because tbe
Constitution prohibits any other means of
trial than by jury, but even military writers
agree that civilians are not subject to
military rule. We have assnmmed tbe
garb of citizens, and let ns maintain their
rights.' Let os emulate the example of
Washington, the firrt commauder-in-chief
of our armies, who, though possessed of
boundless power, waa the first to curb mili
tary power and make it subordinate to the
civil. I would also have yon emulate that
beau ideal of Democracy, Andrew Jackson.
Look at hira at New. Orleans, when be had
achieved that memorable victory over a
veteran English army.. Million were re
joicing, and he was ihe hero of the day.
In ttis hour of triumph, be was arrested by
a civil pro ces for - alleged violations of the
municipal law. He appeared. A crowd of
chizBaf ti fA,-rJ-rVv -.. 7--- '
and Right Cod and our Country.
COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1865.
when Judge Hall announced that the Gen
eral had broken thev laws, a murmur of in
disnation passed" through the crowd. The
Judge hetitated to pronounce the sentence
"Fear not," said the General, ' the same
arm which repelled the enemy will protect
the del.berations of this' court." He paid
his tine, and would not permit the citizens
! to reimbur-e him. Would that frome of our
! shoulder-Mrapped gentry would show the
i same respect to ihe laws of. the land,
J We wotld also demand the restoration of
J the writ of habeas corpus, so that men can be
. no longer sent to baMile without one pro
j cem
of law. Iir that indictment again
Ene!ih t rannv. known as the Declaration
of Independence, appear the following
counts:
''Ha has erected a multitude of new
offices, and sent hither awarms of officers
lo harass our people, and eat out their sub
btat.ee." -
"He has kept among us in times of peace
standing armies without tbe consent of our
Legislatures "
"He has affected to render the military
independent of, and enperior to, the civil
power."
'For imposing taxes on us without onr
consent;" and "For depriving us in many
caes of the benefits of trial by jury."
In addition to the above we-could bring
other equally strong charges against the
party in power, and the principal one would
be Ihe suspension of the great writ of wright,
against law, in sovereign Sta'e in prolound
peace, and refusing to restore it when Ihere
is no war or appearance of one in the
land.
We would also support President Johnson
in his endeavors to bring back the Southern
States to their loyally. We want Virginia,
South Carolina, and the rest in the Union,
not as territories, but as free, sovereign,
and independent States, as they were when
Washington gave them to us. We would
call to the memory of President Johnson ihe
declaration he made in 1860 in the United
States Senate, when he said: "When ihe
lime comes, if it ever does come, which
God forbid, I intend to place my feet upon
that Consii'olion which I have sworn to
support, and lo stand '.here ar.d battle for
all its guarantees ; and if this Constitution is
to be violated or this Union broken, it ba!l
be done by those who are s'ealthily and
insidiously making encroachments upon its
very foundation." la this reorganization
we would also ak that some mercy b3
shown the people lately in rerellion. True
when they oppised us with arms in their
hands, we could inflict the uul .punish
ments ; but when they grounded their arm?,
when tbey submitted to the laws in pood
faith, wa- should not oppress them. The
man is a cowird who would cow insult our
late foes, who would wreak vengeance on
unarmed men, upon women and children.
Shakspeare truly said:
''The qna'ity of mercy is not strained.
li droppeth as tbe gentle rain Irom Heaven,
Upori the place beneath ; it is twice ble-sed;
It blesi-e'h him that gives and him that take:
'Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes
The throned monarch better than hi crown;
His eceptre shows the force of temporal
power,
The attribute to awe and majety.
Wherein doth set the dread and tear of kings
But mercy is above his sceptred sway,
It i e'-thr nied in tfie heart of kinis,
It i an atiriL'Ute to God limell ;
And earthly power doih ihtn 'how likest
Gd
When mere seaons justice "
Thank God, none but the pnlircal clergy
prv.e of vengeance, a cU of men who did
more to caue the war and less to aid il
than any other body of men. But we re
gard it as unoldier!y, unmanly, to strke a
fallen foe. We, through our general, told
them that if they woald lay down- their
arms and reiurn lo their homes they should
not be molested by the United States au
thorities. The pledged word cf a soldier
must be kept; and however much stay-at-home
patriots may urgq the hanging of
General Lee and Ihe men under him, the
irue soldibr is opposed to it. In short, we
waouhe Southerc State and Ihe Southern
people back in the Union. We want no
more internal, dissensions, but let us pre
sent a onited front to the world, and in a
few years our people will be as good friend,
nay better th;yi wo ever were before.
We also insist that elections shall be free
and equal; that men shall vote as their judg.
ments dictate. ' The object of the war was
not to do away with veted right, but lo
asure them to ourselves and our descend
ants. vVe want our legislators to be repre
sentatives oi the people, and not the selec
tions Ol department generals, operating
through squads of soldiers. Had I the time
I would iell jon bow my "interferance" in
an election gave me a pleasure trip to the
Mississippi. "Let's hear it tell it."
Last fall, about the lirae of the Columbia
county invasion, and soon, after the Pe ers
burg mine explosion I was sent to Annapo
lis hospital, sick with a fever. The October
election coming on, ia order to see how
such things were managed,! secured an
appointment as clerk of tbe election board.
A captain from Philadelphia waa made
judge, and a portion pt the board consisted
of officers of negro troops, who were not
and never had been citizens of Pennsylva-,
nia. They conclude! it was unnecessary
to swear the board, accord i.ig to law, be
cause were they not officers and was not
their word auflicient ? I protested in vain,
because I was alone. ... .They at once in con
junction with, torie chaplains, commenced
electioneering and circulating Abolifion bal
lots. Not a Democratic one was to be had
Aa eqoad after squad of men
United States or of Pennsylvania; whether
they were of age, or had paid lax within 2
years. But 1 was aked if I was not ashamed
to press such mailers ; these men were o- ,
diets, and was I opposed to letting soldiers (
vote ? I had to submit. At Camp Parole, ;
where we had about 8 000 paroled prison- j
ers, the fame process was carried on, acd j
tbe men were shifted from one point 10 an- J
other. Alter we had closed the polls, a ser
geant brought in a squad ol about 50 men,
whose votes were admitted for fear Ihey
had not been taken ejeewbere ! We then
commenced counting off, but the judge de
clared it was late, be was lired, and- we
would adjourn until the next day ; where
upon he put the ballots into his coat tail
pocket,and I did not see him any more that
day. I kept the tally-ltst, however, and I
have it al borne now. We met the next
day, but be bad more ballots in his pocket
ibar. I had names on the tally-list ; by some
bogus process ihey had increased. Here was
a quandary ; but il was soon settled. They
remarked the thing was very simple ; the
Democratic Ballots, save mine, had been
cast by mistake, and they would take oui
enough of them to make ihe ballots and tally-list
correspond. I then entered a formal
protest against the whole proceedings, and
refused lo make up the necessary returns.
That afternoon I received a telegraphic de
spatch from the Secretary of War, ordering
me to report at once at Crook's Island, III.
Ol courxe I had lo go al once, and without
making up the election returns. I went 10
Chicago, thinking that Crook's Island might
be in the lake, but could find out nothing at
to the place. Alter some iruiiless searching
I corcluded to stop at Rock Maud City, it
being a pleasant locality ou the Mississippi,
and report my whereabouts to the Adjutant
General. As there was nolhinc for me to
do in tbe shape of military duty, I spent a
few weeks in bunting, .fihins, and killing
time generally at Uncle Yarn's expense. At
this time, in view ol the approaching Pres
idential election, the Republicans made a
grand parade.marchinsome colored soldiers
in front of a Pennsylvania regiment, in spite
of their protests. Al the same lime, Gener
al Hooker, commanding the deparment,
Gen. Logan and other military gentleman,
were making speeches through tbe State in
behalf of the Republican party. Following
the example thus set me, I acted as Mar
shal in a Democratic procession, and also
ma !e a speech. A short time after 1 receiv
ed ano her depatch statir.g that I was "hon
orably musiereJ out by reason of expiration
of term of service," though thai had occur
red seven mouths tefore, at the time ol the
discharge, of the Feu::) Ivaria Reserves.
4 But, Ic'.lo w-ciiizens, I mail enter a spec
ial pro"eol against the doctrines of negro
equality. Oti this question the soldier feels
the most sensitive, and is the most earnest
in repudiating it. Although Wendell Phil
lips and his Republican coadjutor maintain
that in all the desperate deeds o( the war
"the ti? gro bears the palm," we-resenl the!
insult, and boldly declare that a moro cow
ardly crew were never drawn up io line of
battle. It is our boast that not a regiment
of them ever belonged to the old Army of j
the Potomac. At the opening of the cam- j
paigu of 1861, Burnside brought one diris- t
ion ot them into the army underGen. Ferre- j
ro, a French dancing master, who, during'
tt.e Petersburg mine explosion, was sately J
hid ir. a bomb-proof. During that terrible
contest in the WilJertiess, when Hancock's j
gallant corp had advanced beyond us sup- j
port, and was being outflanked on the left,!
this division, instead of advancing to the !
rescue, was withdrawn towards the Ka pi- ;
dan. Gen. Grant when informed ol it by un j
aid, said, 'lei I Gen. Burnside it he cannot
fight bis corps, to turn it over to Gen. Han
cock, who can." Again.dunng that terrible
fight at Spolisylvania.when our gallant men !
were falling by thousands, 16 000 having ',
fallen on the 12th of Msiy, thee govern
mem pets were kept well to the rear, ready
to run at the first signal. And.so it was al
the North Anna, Tolopotamy and Cold Har- j
bor. Baldy Smith's corps ihe Eighteenth i
by taking transports reached Petersburg j
the day before us. It was garrisoned by
about 500 citizens and invalids, who held a
line ol works about six miles long. On ar
riving the batteries were placed in position, j
and the corps, consisting of two white and J
one colored division, about eighteen lhnn-j
sand men, charged. Of course ihe main
line was taken with scarcely any loss, and j
this assault against almost empty- works
was heralded lo the world as a victory gain
ed by the negroes. They were careful not
lo advance into the city, though had they
done so it would have saved ihe long and
bloody siege which followed. You remem
ber Ihe Petersburg mine explosion, where
Burnside de ermined to show the world how
much braver the blacks were than the
whiles. You all know tbe result how they
broke under tbe first file and threw the
while troops behind into confusion. And,
soldiers, do you not - remember how you
were sac.tficed this spring while the ne
groes were kept in reserve until the enemy
were defeated, and then to them was given
the honor of first entering and capturing
Richmond ?
Was negro equality part of the contract ?
Give your answer al the polls. But if they ,
are to be oor equals, if they are lo be allow- j
ed the rijiht ol suffrage because they eclist- j
ed in the war. the same privilege ahould al
least be gran ed white men. For instance,
uke the Iriah brigade, or tbe Corcoran le-
tomac and among the bravest of our troops;
St 1 m.1jo bave the right of sof- ,
advocates their clairrTbr speaks of these t
brave Irishmen in terms of respect! If
fighting is to be the atsndard, surely those
brave minors who entered the service
should be given the elective franchise, and
are as likely to know the principles of this
government as these brutalized negroes.
But who are ihe advocates of this new
crusade against the established principles
of our government? Besides New Eng-.
land Abolitionists and duunionists.we have
British emissaries, delegates from Exeter
Hall, brought here to teach Americans the
true principles of liberty men who
"With golden bribe and treacherous unfile;
Sow ihe vile seed ot rank pollution;
An I with their reptile slime defile
1 h temple of oar Constitution."
They demand, as the price of their favor,
that we give the" right of suffrage to our
ignorant negroes, while, according lo John
Bright's B'.atement, out" of 7,000,000 full
grown Englishmen a thorough canvass
would show only, 1,000,000 of voters a
disfranchisement of 6,000,0(0. We want
no teaching or teachers from abroad. Now
tfiat we have conquered our enemy they
make proffers of friendship, yet while ihe
contest was doubtful they supplied him
with arms, money and ships. These aris
tocrats who prate of equality rsfuse to asso
ciate with their own white operatives, and
would make the negro Ihe equal of the
poor white man, while themselves despis
ing the latter. Look al the Abolition State6,
where the negro has the right of suffrage,
of holding office and the like. In order to
force an unnatural equality they have pas
ed law imposing heavy penalties on rail
roads, theatres, hotels, and the like, which
make any discriminations as to color. But
observe the oufairnes of these miscreant.
in endeavoring to fasten their doctrir.es up
on ihe people of o'her States. They well
know that the mass of the negro race
would avoid their bleak shores. In Ver
mont, ir. I860, there were only eighty col
ored voters, and in New Hampshire 160
Bui how T it in Pennsylvania ? The en
lire co'orel population North in I860 was
226,000, of which Pennsylvania had 57,000,
over one-fourth ol the inure number. O:
routse, since the war this number ha
greatly increased, because, according to
Kennedy, Superintendent of the Census
Bureau the increase is greater in Penn
sylvania than a-iy other frea S ate.
Now, let o compare our white and black
populations in localises where they enjoy
eqaal advar.t2Se3 Jne census shows that
where out of 10 COO whites t! ere would be
one convict, out of the same number ol
blncks there would b" rine'een. In Penn
sylvania the blacks are but one-fif.ieth ol
our population, yet one-third of our convicts
are blacks. In this State we have an aver
age of 1 white conict in every 4.243
whi-ea and 1 black convict in 260 blacks
In Massachnselts, that land of piety and
godliness, thev have only I black in 128
persons yet have one black convict in 9
Notwithstanding this terrible reoord, we
have a party in our midst who would Afri
canize the whole South, who would place
the ballot in the hands of men far more ig
norant and debased than the Northern negro
They would place their own race under the
domination of an inferior one and asjiinsi
their coienl. Let glance again at the
statistics . In 186.1, the negroes had a ma
jority ia 253 counties nearly one third ol
the S uth, which number is now increased
by the loss of the Southerner in battle and
by exclusion in muni.-ipal affair lor havina
en-iajied in the rebellion. They hve a
small majority in Louisiana; of "83,000 in
Miiippi, end of 121 000 in South Carolina-
This would give ihem 6 United S'ates
Senators, about 15 Congressmen, and place
the white race in mmy other localities
completely under their control. Besides
their political elevation, they would wreak
vengance upn their former masters, in
cited to it by lanatics of the North ; and the
terrible scenes of San Domingo would be
ro-enacted in our own midst. Look al the
example in Mexico, io South America,
where the doctrine ol negro equality is in
lull blast where they have negro soldiers
lo domina:e over the whites and support
tyrannical rulers in iheir offices. Why, one
of lha leading Generals of Ecuador is a
negro, yet married an accomplished white
lady ol Panama What do figures sticw ut
there? In ihe State of Panama seven-tenths
ol the children are illegitimate, and in one
department, out of 1.100 people, there were
to be found only 7 married couples.
To illustrate the subject further, let me
read rou a letter written by Senator Bucia
lew, in 1858, from Quito, South America,
which I took the liberty of copying, while
acting as his private Secretary. At the time
he was MmUler Resident in that country,
ki ,mnia n n no ri n n iiiea lor observation.
. 1 I - - -
arid wrote at a time when hi a mind could
nave naa no ui.ib, as no utmpicu an -pendent
position from which he viewed
this question :
Citt ok Quito, Dec. 26, 1858.
Dkar Sir There is a very
proper restriction upon tbe diplomatic rep
resentatives of the United States that they
hall not publish letters relating to ihe polit
ical affair of Ihe countries in which they
reside. But I may say lo you that a sojourn
in this quarter ol the earth is instructive to
one who cares to study the organization and
. : -- ( ..AUAr.,mdit A it . I hare &1nt m u v
aCUUIl U I i!Uri(iiiicui, aauvs ua ' - t
.. . ft rr
be studied the relations between ainerent
races in the same community. The Indi-
nan t thn pre At Andean chain from Mex
rom Alex
ico southward, and whose centres of power
were the cities of Mexico, Q lito and Coz-
l w t vvrm ten uiucicm num -r .
the North. Their religion was .better ,de-
$2 00 in Adrance, per Annom."
. NUMBER 49.
and drew their support from the earth ra'
Ar 1 1 on fiAm fisKiny and the.chae. O
would suppose that here was a basis f
high civilization, and that countries popj
lan.H hv such inhabitant would becord
first in rank in the new world upon the irf
troduction of new elements from EuropJ
And this conclusion would be strenginene
exhaustive wa
"J "... -"S -- ,
were necessary to the submission ol ttj
natives, and that the L-nnsuantiy oi u
conquerors wa readily and generally t
cepteu oy them, oesioe, me tue
dian had and has a good physical deve
opmptii. a docile temper, i not destitute
ingenuity, and can be trained, to habits
itKli.sirv. But the result has belied 6ui
reasonable expectation. , Power ha eeltj
i'elf on ihe stormy coa-t of .the Northe
Atlantic, in the valley of th. Mississipi!
and along the streams wnico now irotnti
Stony mountain to the Pacific, while ale
icn annroaches social dissolution, and sou
of it all governments are. unsteady, labj
aluagish, population stationary, proper
insecure, oeculation ramnant and pove
I. There i no established liter
lure, and there are no road! Even t
.Inca highway, extending Irom Quito hu
i-.reils of leaoues southward into opper Pei
ir li i us welt as name the Camino Real
the royal road has become dilapidate
and is supplanted Dy mua pains, ahu
what ranse or causes shall ibis result
attributed? It cannot be the Catholic M
of religion which prcfaiU, for France
Catholic, and yet among the first of natioi
nr fan il rj ihe u issjot ernme nl of Spa
The eirots ol Spanish colonial policy wt
.. . . . . , i t
much mttiiialeil oetore mcepenuence a
thirty or lor y years have elapsed since.
Nor can it oe republican institutions,
we have ihem also. . Nor can it be -an i
lenority ol the Spanish race to otbe
Spain has produced heroes and poets., S
was once dominant in Europe, aud mc
recently she broke the power of x apole
even wher. I.er own sovereign was treat!
erous to her rause and her honor. I
No one of these alleged cauaaa 11
produced the result before ua, acd
mut look further for an adequate ex,
nation. Some of them may bare c,
tr buted to the result, but thej I
not cau?e it. In my opinion, the m)
cause has been, the mixing of distinct
ces. The Spaniard has not had eeU-
spct cuough to keep himself uneontai
natpd from tha native and tbe nerrro. s
be has, therefore, inflicted opon his ct"JX
a VT I
quests or colonies in the rsew vv oria,
the enraes of In bridism. But he has b;
still more in f iult. In all the new reptj
lies of the South bis theory baa been
falsA ao hi nractice bis been viciosi.
ha nroclaiuied Dolitical and social eaaa
ty amoDgTkl. stocks and mixtarea of E
man bctLgssiu contempt of notorious fa
and of past experience. This theory, i
practices conformed to it, have produ:
ojonstroti3 evils, which centuries canr
undo. In point of fact, in Spanish Arm
tea. there is neither purity of blood t
orrranizatiou of labor, without which
people can be energetic, virtuous andprj
perous.
It is for us to take the instruction
this example and profit by it ; to rejj
tbe appeals of false philanthropy, and
maintain those nrineiples of political a
r a a
social conduct which we have follows
heretofore, with aignal advantage and at
ces. I am, &,c. &o.,
C. B. JJCCKALEW.
Hon. John Cresswell, Jr.
Now, fellow c tizns, let us try no raj
experiment with the people of the Soul
Let ua not exasperate but conciliate.
Let us not adopt such a course us will jt
til'y rebellionin their eyes,or that of th
descendants. Furthermore, Ul us ioa
that no preference herealter be shown
the negro. If he is as good as tbe wh
man let him take the eame chances. He
is it now ? A Froediman's Bureau
erected especially lor the oaro of negroc
and homes, farms, ichools and the lit
., l.i . XTI
furnished luera at our expense. a
New England iu hr love for. them sen
t-ctiool teachers, money &c., while she ae!
the poor crippled soldier who bappeni
become a township charge to me towe
bidder. Why do thce men adopt thej
negroes as their brt thern ? Tfiey teal
their voles. Horace Greeley 6ays ema
cipatiou will add 800,000 voto to l
Hepuhlican party, aud 11. Winter Dayi
of Maryland, another high authorit
says: "It is votes, numbers, not intel
gence,wa want.' There can bs. no dou
that this part,- is pltdged to negro equa
ity. They have adopted it wherever the!
have had power. Their conventions ei
dorse it. Leading men in their party ar
th ir principal paptrs openly proclaim it, j
unless we at once crusti that party the
will fasten it not ouly upon the South b
opon us. Chiel Justice Cbase quotes Ta
itus, and preaches equality to these freed
men, while Covode,bumuer and the least
lights make it an eternal text.
In view, then, failow-citizsn, of.th,
pernicious tendencies of tbe doctrine!
the opposition, so subversive of jgoveri
ment and tf tbe objeets for which this ws
was bt'guo, what is our duty ? In the fir!
place we must be true to the grand pric
ciple of liberty, muat never forget, whL,
we are, what we bave been, and what t?Mi
a a
a . .a ?
before us. By our example in 1776 ts.
J IU1 L U7. J ' W , u
I revived liberty throughout tbe earth.
rtv tbroushout tbe earth. tTZ'
ascended the Andes, awakened Francf J
and taught Italy and Greece the lessor:
of their better days. It inspired Kosciul
ko, Lafayette, Emmet, Kossuth, an
Bolivar. May their example not be lo;
upon us. But what, you ask.if our Hbei
tie be threatened ? I point to history.-!
When King John attempted to destro'
British liberty, the grim barons on Jar'
15, 1215, assembled at Runoymede an!
extorted Migna Charta, and compellel
- i.-: : .i il rp r?.l
a o 4
i J- i",
itie'riYiDg to give mciu sua xower Qu vut
i oi L.onaoQ as security ,anu as onen as me;
liberties were invaded would tbey re-en.C
. i . l.j : . i I
m
their ereat charter had it read twice
year to the people, and fulminated, ex
communications against all such as disJ
, , .
beyeQ it
Sec 46 8aid,l,Iiulivendemu'
(Concluded on fourth i'a..