least hoM out such inducements as shall
enable this measure to be fairly tested?
The passage of a law guaranteeing the
payment of a moderate sum to one Teach
ers' School in each of the districts created
by the act of 18t7, would no doubt cause a
sufficient number to establish the efficiency
and practicability of the plan, to be com
pleted in a few years; the money not to be
|id till the schools were in full and ap
proved operation. It is not probable that
this £rant Would cause any considerable
draft on the treasury; but, even if the whole
twelve schools should ultimately be estab
lished, the boon would neither be out of
proportion to that which has been conceded
to other literary institutions, nor the num
ber of graduates beyond the w ants of the
community. Up to the present time, Penn- '
sylvania has appropriated about 8600,000
in aid of her colleges and academies, and
this mainly in the hope of obtuiniug from
them teachers for the common schools.—
Though the benelits of this munificence
have been, in other respects, quite equal to
the amount given, it will be asserted by no
one that the avowed object has been to any
considerable extent effected. It would
therefore appear to be lime that the aid of
the Stale should be brought directly to bear
in favor of the great object so long contem
plated.
1 have thus briefly laid before you the
condition of our noble educational system.
It will aflord me sincere pleasure to concur
in the adoption of these, or any other mea
sures, for its perfection, that the wisdom of
the legislature may devise.
In this country, the want of a school which
shall combine the elements ot learning and
agricultural labor and thus adapt itsell to
the education of the farmer, has been most
seriously felt; for, whilst our many colleges
well fill the measure of usefulness in their
appropriate sphere of influence, it must be
conceded that the training they impart is
badly adapted to the art olpraclical agricul
ture. In Pennsylvania that interest is so
important as to demand at all times our anx
ious attention, and active support. "The
Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania,"
lately projected and planned by a few pub
lic spirited individuals, and which has re
ceived, to some extent, the patronage of the
State, and the contributions of a number of
our patriotic citizens, is destined to allord
a place where young men may be educat
ed at an expense commensurate with their
means, and to a condition qualifying them
for the pursuit of the business of the farm.
Here, whilst daily occupation will train the
body to the ability to labor, and give to the
student the enviable feeling that he contri
butes to his own support and education, it
will instruct and enlarge his mind, that it
may give force and effect to all his future
efforts. The design of the institution is to
afTord a school where boys may be thorough
ly educated in all the branches of natural
science, arid, at the same time, be inured to
the performance of labor; so that at their
graduation they may return to their parents
abundantly prepared to join the domestic
circle, to give a right direction to the busi
ness of agriculture, and act well their part
in every department of life. An object so
fraught with usefulness is entitled to the
highest commendation.
The application of scientific principles to
the practical purposes of life, is but realiz
ing the full benefit of those laws of nature,
to discover and to profit by which, is un
doubtedly one of the great ends of human
reason. The more this important object is
held in view and effected by our higher in
stitutions of learning, the more valuable and
useful will they become. The Polytechnic
College of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, is
founded on this basis; and its attempt to
popularize science, and connect high ac
quirement with practical ability, is presented
to your favorable consideration.
Under a resolution of the last House of
Representatives a committee wasappointed
by the Speaker of the House, to examine
~ ibt!JjlatG" and- condition of several Hanks
chartered at the session of 1857. The res
olution directed the committee to report to
the Governor the ret-ult of its examination
within ninety days after the adjournment of
the legislature. On the 20th of July last,
the report of the committee, together with
the accompanying evidence, was filed in
the Office of the Secretary of the Common
wealth, a copy of which will be laid before
the House of Representatives.
In view of the facts reported by the com
mittee, in reference to the organization and
subsequent management of the Tio.ga Coun
ty Bank, The Crawfotd County Bank, and
(lie Bank of Shamukiii, I would recommend
a careful inqu ; ry into the present condition
oi these institutions, and if it shall be ascer
tained that the public is likely to suffer in
jury from the further existence of either, a
speedy and certaiu remedy may be louua
in a legislative repeal of the rights and priv
ileges granted by the acts of incorporation.
The power to alter, revoke, or annul, the
. charter of a bank whenever its continuance
may, in the opinion of the legislature, be
injurious to the citizens of the Common
wealth, is expressly given by the Constitu
tion to the General Assembly,—to be exer
cised, however, in such manner as that no
injustice shall be done to the corporators.
Obedience to ths constitutional injunction
would require that in the event of a repeal
of the charter of a bank, care should be ta
ken that the rights ot the stockholders to
the surplus assets of the bank, alter pay
ment of its debts, were protected; and that
suitable provisions should be made lor set
tling its affairs.
The injunction contained in the Constitu
tion, that the repeal or revocation of a bank
charter shall be in such manner as to work
no injustice to the corporators, is not a qual
ification of the power to revoke, or annul
the charter; but it is simply a requirement
that, in tukiug away the charter, the rights
of the stockholders shull be protected, so
far as is consistent with the act of repeal
itself- Ido not doubt that the legislature
may after, revoke, or annul, any existing
bank charter, whenever in its opinion the
continuance of the charter may be injurious
to the citizens of the Commonwealth. Any
other construction of the Constitutional res
ervation would make the interests and sale
ty of the public subservient to the gain of
the private stockholder. Believing, there
lore, that there is no want of power, 1 can
not retrain from expressing my decided
opinion that whenever it is clear that a
bank is insolvent, or in great danger of be
coming 80, or whenever its privileges are
so used or abused as to seriously prejudice
the interests ol the public, it is the duty of
the law making power to protect the peo
ple, by destroying its corporate existence.
11l this connection I deem it tny duty to
reiterate the views expressed in my iiiau
* gural address I then stated, as my deci
ded opinion, that there should be no further
increase of banks or banking capital under
the present system—expressed a decided
hostility to the issue of notes of a small
denomination —and recommended such a
change in our laws relative to baiiks, their
organization and management, as would at
least secure beyond ail question the prompt
redemption of all bids or notes put in circu
lation by the several banking institutions of
the commonwealth
Well satisfied of the imperfection of ex
isting laws relative to banks and banking,
i deem it a duty to iulorm the General As
sembly that I cannot give the Executive ap
proval to any bills chartering additional
banks without a radical change in the en
tire, system. It is but just to s ate that in
Sy opinion a large majority of the banks
tbe Commonwealth are well and safely
managed, and in a perfectly sound condi
tion; but this is due to the liouesty and in-
telligence of those having charge of them,
rather than to the efficiency of the laws
Under the management of incapable or dis
honest men, experience has shown, that '
there is really but little if any security to
the public in the regulations and restrictions
now to be found in our banking code. True
wisdom dictates a reformation.
The ruinous losses which have fallen up
on the people during the financial pressure
of the past eighteen months, suggest the
necessity of preventing their recurrence
Although many causes may have combined
to produce these disasters, it is too piain to
admit of doubt that our banking system has
! been one of the most prominent. The val
ue uf the precious metals—the prices of
property —and the wages of labor—are al
ways affected by the abundance or scarcity
of the paper medium received as a substi
tute for gold and silvercoin. The power of
the States to authorize a paper currency,
through the agency of banks, has been so
long exercised, and acknowledged, through
out the Unimi, that it is no longer an open
question. But it must be acknowledged
that the power has been greatly abused
The delegation of this attribute of sover
eignty to a number of irresponsible corpo
rations, without proper checks to limit its
exercise, and without providing any securi
ty whatever for the redemption of the is
sue thus authorized, has been attended with
evils of thb most alarming character. These
corporations are practically made the exclu
sive judges of the amount of paper curren
cy to be lurnished to the people, Rnd have
the exclusive power to contract or expand
I their circulation at pleasure. Depositors
and other ordinary creditors of banks, need
no legislation lor their protection. Every
one who has direct dealings with these in
stitutions, either us depositor or otherwise,
enters into such engagements voluntarily,
for his own advantage, and may be safely
left to his own vigilance, and the ordinary
remedies of tho law, for his protection.—
Bui the millions of people engaged in in
dustrious pursuits, the farmer —the mechan
ic—the merchant—and the laboring man—
are under an imperious necessity to receive
for their merchandise and their labor, the
ordinary paper currency of the county, it
; is impossible for persons of this description
to investigate the concerns of every institu
tion whose notes are in circulation. But
no investigation could savo them from the
| losses arising from the defaults and frauds
I ol bank officers and the insolvency of bank
I borrowers.
The note holder of banks have peculiar
claims to the protection of the government.
They are involuntary creditors, who are
torced to receive the notes authorized by
the government. They have no direct deal
ing with the banks. They do not trust the
banks from any hope of gain. They have
no profit in passing the notes which they
would not have had In passing gold and
silver coin. They constitute almost the en
tire community, and the humble and ignor
ant are always the greatest sufferers when
a bank fails to redeem us notes. The
whole people are therefore deeply interest
ed in the security of the circulation allowed
by law, although many of them may never
have had a share of bank stock, or been
within a hundred miles ol its place of busi
ness. The Government that authorizes the
issue of a paper currency is under a high
moral obligation to require ample and avail
able security for its redemption.
The certificates of loan issued by the Gen
eral Government, or by this Commonwealth
at a value to be fixed upon, with the power
to require additional deposits of security,
from time to time, as the loans depreciate
in the market, would be as safe and availa
ble as any guaranty which could be provi
ded.
A law requiring all issues of banks here
after organized, to be secured by the pledge
of these loans, would enhance lite value ol
the present loans, and thus give the holders
a premium not contemplated when they bo
came purchasers, and for which they never
gave any valuable consideration. This en
lmnced value would be derived from a priv
ilege granted by the State, and the State
ought, therefore, to have tho benefit of it,
as far as this may be secured by legislation.
The recent amendment ot the Cmistituiion
circumscribes the power of the Legislature
in creating State debts, with an exception
in favor ot debts contracted "to redeem the
present outstanding indebtedness of the
Slate " A law authorizing new Slate loans
for the purpose of redeeming the present
over due debt, would be within the consti
tutional exception, and would be free from
objection on constitutional grounds.
The new loans thus authorized, redeema
ble at the expiration of twenty years, with
i the banking privilege attached to them,
would undoubtedly sell at a high premium
The proceeds of their sale should be applied
to the payment of the present State debt,
jiow overdue, amounting to more than sev
enteen millions of dollars Under this sys
tem' the State loans would no longer be he'd
by foreigners, and the semi annual ship
ments of specie, to pay interest, would
therefore cease.
As tilt' currency would be limited to the
amount actually secured, the danger from
expansion!, which havo heretofore stimula
ted the incautious to embark in ruinous
enterprises, Ln overtrading, and in extrava
gance in their expenditures, would be great
ly lessened, if uot entirely overcome As
the securities would be in the hands of a
high and responsible officer of the State,
with authority to sell them for the purpose
of redeeming the circulation,Hhe power of
the banks to arrest specie payments at their
own pleasure would be at au etui. The
system proposed is as near an approach to
a specie basis as the condition and habits
of the people are at present prepared for.
The duty of securing the community from
lysses continually arising from unsafe cur
rency, cannot he longer delayed without a
mauilest disregard of the public interests.
The subject is therefore commended to your
early attention.
'I he report of the Commissioners appoin
ted to contract for and superintend the erec
tion of a monument to the memory of citi
zens of Pennsylvania, who were slant or
lost their lives in the late war with Mexico,
will inform the Legislature of the proceed
ings had on that subject. After receiving
proposals for the erection of the monument,
and the adoption of a plan, it was determin
ed, in view of the limited and inadequate
appropriation made for the accomplishment
of the purpose, by the last Legislature, to
postpone the commencement ol the work
until further legislation could be had. It is
the opinion of the Commissioners that such
a monument as would do credit to the State,
anil honor to the living and the dead, cannot
be built for a less sum ihan thirty thousand
dollars. If the Legislature should concur in
thatoninion, the appropriation should be in
creased accordingly.
The report of the State Librarian will in
form you of the progress made in the cata
logue authorized by the last Legislature,
and the general condition of the Library,
which has grown to be an institution that
deserves your losteriug care. 1 would com
mend to your alteuliuu the suggestions of
the Librarian.
The refort of the Attorney, General,
which will be laid before yon, will exhibit
the operations of the Law Department of
the Government tor the past year. The Act
of the 21st of April, 1857, which requires
the Attorney General to keep an office at
Harrisburg, and which provides that all
debts due to the Commonwealth shall be
collected by that officer, has proved to be a
highly beneficial enactment Under its
? revisions large iumi are saved which were
ormerly paid for commissions and counsel
fees. And the improved state of our fin
ances is in no inconsiderable degree owing
to the prompt manner in which outstanding
claims are collected and paid into the Stale
Treasury.
The Adjutant General's report, which wjjj.
be laid belore you, will show in detail the
present condition ol the .Military Depart
ment. 1 would remttfffuily call
tion.of the Legislature to '.lie jscofumeiida-
Itoiiß of that officer.
The Militia Law of 1858, hq? not been I
fully tested; but it is bpliemrct to be, in ihe
main, an improvement oil the laws in force
at the time of its passage. One of its best
features, and one that should be strictly en
forced. is that the system is self supporting.
In no contingency should that department
be a charge upon the public Treasury in
time of peace.
In referring tho attention of the Legisla
ture to the elaborate reports of the Auditor
General and State Treasurer, relating to the
Finances of the State, which will be laid
before you, 1 cannot refrain from giving ex
pression to my view on the importance of
a change in the mode ol keeping and dis
bursing the public moneys.
The State Treasurer receives anddisburses
, between four anJ five millions of dollars
; annually; and it not unfrequently happens
that there is a balance on the Treasury ex
ceeding one million of dollars. The bond
of the Treasurer is but for eighty thousand
dollars. He deposits the money of the State
wherever lie pleases, and it is paid exclu
sively on his own check. The monthly set
tlements with the Auditor General afford
some security that the funds of the Com
monwealth will not be misapplied; but it is
entirely inadequate to the complete protec
tion of the public interests.
Until the State shall adopt a different sys
tem for the collection, safe keeping and
disbursement of her revenues, the money
on hand must be kept either in the Treasury
vault or deposited with the banking inslitu
tio'ns in the State. For many years the
latter mode has been adopted. I respectful
ly recommend thut provision be made by
law that 110 money shall be deposited itvany
bauk by lite State Treasurer without requir
ing security to be first given to the Com
monwealth forlhe re payment olthe sumsde
posited—that all checks issued by the State
Treasurer shall bo countersigned by the
Auditor General before they are used—and
that daily accounts of the moneys received
and paid shall be kept in the office of the
Auditor General as we'l as in the Treasury
Department.
The Commissioners appointed to revise
the Criminal Code of this Commonwealth,
are progressing with the duties of their ap
pointment, and will report the revised code
before Ihe adjournment of the Legislature.
The various charitable and reformatory
institutions, which have heretofore received
peetintary usatciauou from the Stale, such as
the Stale Lunatic Hospital, at Harrisburg,
the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, at
Pittsburg, the Houses of Refuge, at Phila
delphia and Pittsburg, the Pennsylvania
Training Schools for idiotic and feeble
minded children, the Asylums for the Blind
and Deaf and Dumb, at Philadelphia, the
Northern Home for Friendless Children, at
Philadelphia—l recommend to your foster
ing aid and care. The annual reports ex
hibiting a detail of the operations of these
noble and excellent charities, during the
past year, will be laid before you. I can
not recommend appropriations to charitable
Associations of a purely local character,
however praiseworthy the objects and mo
tives of their founders and supporters, or
however usefu! they may be to their par
ticular localities.
The present condition of the revenues of
the GenerafHiovernmerit, demonstrates the
urgent necessity of increased duties upon
foreign importations. The people of Penn
sylvania have ever taken a lively interest in
the proper adjustment of a tariff; and they
have with singular unimity, at all times,
favored such an assessment of duties, as
would nt only produce revenue, but fur
nish the lorgest incidental protection to the
great mineral, manufacturing, and industrial
inieresls of the country. Had their voice
hilheito been more potential in the councils
of the nation, it is no longer problematical
that much of the pecuniary distress lately
experienced by all classes and conditions
of business inen might have been to a great
extent averted. The necessities ot the gov
ernment and the people, now alike demand
a change—an increase of duties—and 1 take
great pleasure in indorsing the views of the
President of the United Slates as expressed
in his last annual message, relative to the
change proposed. His advocacy of specific
duties on all 'commodities which are gener
ally sold by weight, or by measure, and
which from their nature are of equal or of
nearly equul value, —such as iron, of differ
ent classes, raw sugar, and foreign wines
and spirits," has met with a hearty response
from the great body of the people of this
Slate. It is to he hoped that his views on
this question will be favorably regarded by
Congress, and that the action of the federal
government may correspond with the sug
gestions of the President.
When I was called upon to assume the
Gubernatorial chair, nearly one year ago,
in deference'to public opinions, and my
own feelings, after a rapid review of events
in Kansas, 1 started, thai "to the people of
Pennsylvania the admission of a new Slate
into the Union—into that Confederacy of
which she is a member—must be at all
times a subject of high interest. And I be
lieve I express their sentiments, as well as
my own, in declaring that ait the qualified
electors of a Territory should have a lull and
fir opportunity to participate in selecting
delegates lo form a constitution preparatory
to admission as a State, and, if desired by
them, they should also be allowed an un
qualified right to vote upon such constitution
after it is framed."
Subsequent events have confirmed me in
these sentiments. The deplorable disputes
in the first session of the present Congress,
—the popular excitement resulting from
those disputes, together with other proceed
ings in their nature novel and alarming,
would all have been averted, hail the peo
ple been secured in "the unqualified right"
to vote upon their domestic institutions. I
regret to be compelled to say, that, under
various pretences, this sacred franchise lias
been virtually withheld from them. When
they refused lo accept the Lecoinpton Con
stitution, made lor them by delegates repre
senting the minority, they were explicitly
denied the privilege of malting their own
constitution, unless upon a condition not
previously exacted. If they accepted the
Lecompton Constitution, they entered the
sisterhood of Slates at once, with a popula
tion less than one half of the existing ratio
of Congressional representation; but, if they
refused that Constitution, they could not be
admitted into the Union, with the Constitu
tion of their choice, until they \vgre ready
to show by a formal census that they had
attained a population equal to that ratio.—
The results have become historical.
The last expressive vote of the people of
Kansas against the act of Congress,common
ly known as the English Bill, has for a time
arrested Congressional intervention. Peace
has resulted alone from the votes of the peo
ple not from the suggesiion of outside in
fluences. But, during the angry feelings
which this controversy has aroused, the the
ory has been started, and insisted upon,
that it will henceforward be the duty of Con
gress to protect slavery in territories, if the
people of the territories, shall fail to do so.
The warrant for this extraordinary assump
tion is alleged to exist in the decision of the
Supreme Court of the United States, in the
case of Dred Scott. Entertaining, as I do,
profound reverence for the decisions of that
august tribunal, and standing ready to obey
them, whenever they are enunciated, I have
ysf to be convinced that any such construc
tion An be fairly given to their action in
the case referred to. Such a doctrine, no
matter how sanctioned, or supported, will
shake tiie very pillars o/ our constitutional
fabric. It would compel every territory to
elevate property in slaves above every other
•description of property,—and to establish a
slave code in its early municipal regulations;
or else it would convert ihe Congress into
a theatre of crimination and confusion, and
fill the whole country with strife. And all
this, without securing a single advantage to
the North, or ptohMUag a single right of the
South.
Regarding fully committed to
the doctrine or popular sovereignty in its
broadest sense, 1 can never subscribe to
the theory of Congressional intervention, as
understood and supported by the opponents
of this doctrine. By popular sovereignty, I
mean no violation of the rights of the States |
—no assult upon tl|e institutions of the
South—no sectional prejudices
On the contrary; I regard the doctrine as the
embodiment of the popular will in States
and Tetritories, as (the conservator of the
rights and the equality of Slate and people—
and as ihe only means by which a vexed
and dangerous agitation will be satisfactori
ly and perpetually "settled.''
A theory equally heretical has been ad
vanced in another pq/tion of the Union. It
has been hbld that this government, divided
into free and slave Slates, as it was framed
by our revolutionary fathers, cannot endure
—that all must becomt free, or all become
slave. When such a doctrine shall have
been subverted—State sovereignty prostra
ted—state and the liber
ty of the lt should meet
an indignant requke from every lover of his
country, and thq blood bought right of the
people and the pales to sell-government.
Under the virions amendments to the
constitution of flann'a., the influence of the
Executive has beon greatly reduced by the
transfer of patrdriage from the Governor to
the people. Xfiis is in accordance with the
principles of self-government, but it must be
acknowledged that in relieving the Execu
tive from many serious responsibilities, it
has diminished his ability to maintain the
rights of the State against Federal and other
encroachments, and has thrown a greater
share of responsibility upon Ihe people. The
extensive patronage of the federal govern
ment, and the large salaries paid to its offi
cers, in comparison with those of the state,
present constant inducements to our citizens
to overlook the state in the pursuit of more
lucrative employments under the United
States. It is, therefore, the more necessary
that the people should guard the sovereigu
ty of the state with increasing watchfulness.
Tho the United States con
tains the fundamental principle which
should- govern its construction on every
question respecting the extent of the feder
al power. "The power not delegated to
the United States, by the constitution, nor
prohibited by it to the states, are reserved
to the states respectively, or to the poople "
It is oil this broad platform that every claim
of federal power not granted by the consti
tution, should be sternly resisted. The ten
dency to centralization is so great, and the
overshadowing influences of power and pat
ronage so seductive, that liberty cannot
long be preseved wii'nout the exercise of
sleepless vigilance inforcing a Strict con
struction of ihe federal compact. The doc
trine of state rights is the doctrine of true
liberty. Popular sovereignty is the lifeblood
of our free institutions, and the palladium
of our safely. Every patriotic inducement
to sustain those great principles should be
fearlessly held out to our citizens, and every
unauthorized assumption of power should
be resisted with unceasing energy, and by all
constitutional means. t
Having now discharged the duty impo-ed
on the Executive, by the constitution, I can
not conclude without congratulating you up
on the peculiarly favorable auspices under
which you enter upon the duties of the See
sion of 1859. Few important subjects of leg
islation press upon your.attention. Prudence
firmness, fidelity—a watchful regard for
the interests of the Commonwealth—a jeal
ous guardianship of her finances—on the
part ol the government—are all that are
required, under Providence, to ensure the
continuance and increase of on ward prosper
ity. Pennsylvania may then, at no remote
period, rejoice in the extinguishment of her
public debt—lite repeal of her onerous and
burdensome taxes—a fame and a credit
untarnished—a free and popular education
al system—and an industrious and loyal
people, prosperous and happy.
WILLIAM F. PACKER.
EXECUTIVE CHAMBER, J
Harrisburg Jan. sth, 1859.)
STAR OF THE NORTH.
IVM. II JACOlir, EDITOR.
BLOOMSBUBC, WEDNESDAY, JAK'YIiTTssT.
Message of Governor Packer.
In this week's STAR or THE NORTH will be
found the annual Executive document pub
lished entire: giving all our patrons an equal
opportunity ol reading its contents and judg
ing its merits. It is not very lengthy, there
fore the reader's time would not be taxed
heavily in giving it a careful perusal. This
issue qf out paper commences the ELEVENTH
VOLUME, and in it we give PACKER'S first
annual message, and we hope to be able to
continue long enough to publish many an
nual mestages as they emanate from the
Executive Chamber. In this message it is
announced and shown up to the Represen
tatives of the people of this Commonwealth,
that the finances of old Pennsylvania are in
a most satisfactory condition. j
It will b seen by the message that the
real debt olthe Commonwealth, at the pres.
ent lime, funded and unfunded, is $39,268,-
111 >6; and to balance this amount, besides
the sources of public revenue, the State
owns bonds, received from the sale of the
public works, which are well secured,
amounting to $11,000,161.. By deducting 1
this from tke outstanding debt, it will leave
the sum of $28,087,111- 16 unprovided for.
It is believed that, with the existing source
of revenue, and the observance of strict
economy, tkis sum may be reduced, during
the current year, at least $1,000,000.
The Governor thinks the present a very
appropriate time—when our nation is at
peace—Md when health and reasonable
prosperity prevail within our borders—to
greatly reduce the public debt. He says,
"we have lut to carefully hushand our le
gitimate resources, avoiding extravagant
and unnecessary appropriations, and prac
ticing a proper economy in all the depart
ments of Government, to render the entire
extinguishment of our debt a fixed fact with
in a very brief period."
The sale of the main line is sustained in
the message by arguing that the short ex
perience nlrcOTy enjoyed, proves conclu
sively that the Commonwealth is greatly the
gainer, in a financial point of view, and the
public have been as well, if not better ac
commodated, by the change.
A great many public interests are discus
sed in this document in a brief and pointed
manner. Considerable attention, is given to
the common school system and departments
of public instruction with an expression and
tone exhibiting much interest in the cause
of education. He has in his message plain
ly laid before you the condition of our no
ble educational system. " The Farmer's
High School of Pennsylvania" lately pro
jected, is spoken of in the message as being
an institute long in want in this country, to
more fully combine the elements of learn
ing and agricultural labor, and thus adapt
itself to the educatiou of the farmer. This
enterprise is worthy of commendation which
it is daily receiving. It is an object fraught
with usefulness and is entitled to the high
est respect and honor.
THE Miltnnian commenced its forty-third
volume on Friday last and made its appear
ance printed on new type. We wish the
proprietors, Messrs. Frick & Funk, abun
dant success.
WE HAVE received the Message of Gov.
Packer vetoing the Insurance Bill passed by
the last Legislature, and which was the sub
ject of much newspapercommentduringthe
summer..
Bv RAILROAD accidents in the United Slates
last year 103 persons were killod and 2?9 in
jured; and by.steamboat accidents 304 were
killed.
The President's Menage in Kansas.
While tho Bldck Republican party and
their allies are stigmatizing that portion of
President BUCHANAN'S late message which
is appropriated to a review of the Kansas
question, as untrue with reference to facts
and unsound in policy, the papers and peo
ple of that Territory are applauding Mr.
BUCHANAN for standing firmly on the wise,
conservative and constitutional platform
which he erected in his first communication
to Congress upon this vexed and irritating
subject. The Kansas National Democrat,
when noticing tho President's message,
says:
We were well pleased to see that the
President stands firmly by his policy in re
gard to this Territory. Had his plan been
lully carried out, long ere this, Kansas would
have been a State with a Constitution pro
hibiting slavery. The President had no right
to dictate to the people of Kansas how they
should make a Constitution, and Congress
had no right to reject it, as it was Republi
can in its character, excepting for the reason
that our population was not sufficiently large
to entitle us to an equality of representation
with the Stales, and this they would not do,
but very wisely agreed that we might be
come a State, and within thirty days there
alter, through the act of a Free State Legis
lature,'take the proper steps for determining
whether the settlers desired a change for.
the Lecompton Constitution. Thus it will
be seen that the President and Congress,
strictly and to the tfory letter, carried out the
terms of the Cincinnati resolution.
It is the merest demagogueism and a base
lie, to assert that the President or Congress
attempted to impose upon us a Pro Slavery
Constitution against our wishes, inasmuch
as it was known that our Legislature elected
under that Constitution was almost unani
mously Free State, and our right to change
the Constitution immediately after admis
sion, was ably set lorth by the President,
and his views endorsed by a Democratic
Senate.
Had the patriotic portion of our anti-sla
very settlers gotie to the polls in June 1857,
as they should have done, they could very
easily have carried a large majority of the
delegates to the Constitutional Convention,
and thus have prevented the formation of a
Constitution obnoxious to them. In June,
1857, they were under the lead of radical
Abolitionists, who came to Kansas to create
discord and produce, it possible, the disso
lution o! the Union. Therefore these "radi
cal" leaders in council determined not to
vote, and thus permitted the Convention to
be carried by radical or ultra men on the
other side, by which means they could
readily promote their object, and avoid all
the responsibility. Considering the object
to be accomplished, the scheme was well
taid, and served to deceive many of our set
tlers, and completely humbugged the peo
ple ol the States. The settlers ir. October,
1857, repudiated the radical Abolition lead
ers by attending the polls against their ad
vice, which resulted in their carrying the
election ot that year. In December 1857,
the Anti-Slavery men called a Convention,
to determine whether they would vote for
officers under the Lecompton Constitution.
These former Abolition leaders succeeded
in packing that Convention, and resolved
not to participate in that election. The
patriotic and loyal Anti-Slavery men pre
sent, refused to be bound by such trickery;
they wilhdrew, held another Convention,
resolved to vote, nominated a ticket, and
carried all the officers under the Lecompton
Constitution. For their patriotic course we
are well pleased to see, they have received
a favorable notice in the message.
Holloway's Pilh. —Swimming of the head,
nausea, diataate for food, and a feeling of
lassitude and exaustiou, are infallible indi
cations of a torpid stomach and a general
sluggishness of the secretive organs and the
circulation. But it is not therefore necessary
to send for a doctor. A course of Hol'o
way's great cathartic, alterative, and tonic
rrrnedy will remove every unpleasant symp.
lorn, and imbue both the body and the
mind with unwonted energy. Every an
imal fluid will be purified, every obstruc
tion in the evacuatory channels swept away,
every organ regenerated. These may seem
to be strong statemens, but the tesimony
of the sick of all nations is their source and
basis.
MARRIED.
In Light Street, at the residence of the
Bride's Mother, on the evening of the 6th
inst., by Rev. J. Guyer, Mr. HENRY W.
CREASY, Merchant, and Miss MARTHA E.
M., daughter of the late Geo. Sloan, all of
the above place.
On the 30th ult., at one ceremony, by the
Rev. J. A. DeMoyer, Mr. HENRY TREGELLES
to Miss ELIZA DAVIS, and Mr. SAMUEL HOG
LANU. to Miss MART A. DAVIS, all of Ash
land.
In Orangevtlle, on the 30th ult., by Rev.
P. Bergstresser, Mr. GEO. F. KINT, of Rohrs
burg, and Miss C A. WERTMAN, of Orange
ville, Columbia county, Pa.
By Rev. Jacob S. McMurray, on the Ist
inst., at the residence of David Reay,Esq,
Baltimore, JOHN FOLEY, Esq, of Danville,
and Miss. MARTHA REAY, of Baltimore.
By the same, at the same time and place.
WILLIAM HANCOCK, Esq., of Danville, and
Misa MARY A. REAY, of Baltimore.
REGISTER'S NOTICE.
IVOTICE is hereby given to all legatees,
creditors and other persons interested in
the esla'es of the respective decedents and
minors, that Ihe following administration
and guardian accounts have been filed in the
office of the Register of Columbia county,
and will be presented for confirmation and
allowance lo the Orphan's Court, lo be held
at Bloomsburg, in the county aforesaid on
Wednesday the 9th day of February next,
at 2 o'clock, P. M.
1. The account of Abraham Robbins, Ad
ministrator of the estate of Thomas Bobbins
late of Fiahingcreek township, dec'd.
2. The second account of George B Sey.
bert. Executor of the last wilt and testa
ment uf Nicholas Sey bert late of Briarcreek j
township, dec'd.
3. The account of Jacob W. Dielierich,
Guardian of the person and es'ate of Charles
M. Dielierich, Matilda Dielierich and Mary
Catharine Dielierich, minor children of Eliza
Dielierich late of Briarcreek township, dec'd.
4. The account of Richard Demon, Ex
ecutor of the last will and testament of Jacob
Swisher late of Madison township, dec'd.
5. The second account of John K. Grotz,
and James Barton, Executors 01. the last
will and testament of Eli9ha H. Biggs late
of Bloomsburg, jn the county of Columbia,
dec'd.
6. The account of Aaron and Samuel
Musgrave, Administrators of the estate ol
Isaac W. Musgrave, lata of Mouulpleasant
township, dec'd.
7. The- account of William G. Hurley &
Samuel Creveling, Admimsiralors of Ihe
estate of Alexander Creveling late of Cen
tre lowuship, dec'd.
B. The account of Samuel Mendenhall,
Guardian of the person and estate ot Sarah
Daniels a minor child ol William Daniels
late o( Bloom township, dec'd.
9. The account of Dr. William H. Magill
and George A. Frick, surviving Executors
of Daniel S. Montgomery, lale of the bor
ough of Danville, dec'd., of their receipts
and payments since the settlement bv said
Executors aud Jacob Hibler the othet Exec
utor.
10. The account of Leonard B. Rupert
Guardian of Ihe parsons and estates ol Jo
seph Walter, Mary Ann Waller, Daniel
Waller and Samuel Walter, minor children
ol Salome Walter, lale of Monlour township,
dec'd.
11. The account ol William Hagenbuch,
Guardian of Eliza Hess, late Eliza Hagen
bucb and grand child of John Knorr. dec'd.
12. The second account ol James S. Woods
Admini-trator of the estate of John Lazarus
lale of Orange township, dec'd.
13. The account ol John Freas, Guardian
ol the person antl estate of Reuben Knorr a
minor child of Peter Knorr, dec'd , as filed
by George H. Freas and Henry 0. Freas,
Administrators of John Freas, dec'd.
14. The account of Daniel Kostenbader
Administrator of the estate ol Henry Kos
tenbader late of Maine township, dec'd.
15. The account of Daniel Kostenbader,
Administrator of the estate of William Kos
tenbader late of Maine township, dec'd.
16. The account of Peter Fisher and Wil
liam T. Shuman, Executors of the estate of
Jacob Fisher, lateol Maine township, dec'd.
17. The account of John T. Funston aud
Nicholas F. Barber, Administrators wiih the
will annexed of John Funston, late of Mad
ison township, dec'd.
Register's Office, 1 DANIEL f.F.E,
Bloomsburg, Jan. 12, 1859. j Register.
ntOC LAJIATIOV
\mr HE R AS, the HON. WARREN J.
WOODWARD. President Judge or
the Court ol Oyer and Tetminer and General
Jail Delivery, Coun of Quarter Sessions of
Ihe Peace and Court of Common Pleas and
Orphan's Court, in die Twenty Sixth Judical
District, composed of the counties of Colum
bia, Sullivan & Wyoming, ar.d the Hon. Ja
cob Evans, aud Peter Kline, Associate
Judges of Columbia county, have issued
their pteoepl, bearing date on'e thousand
eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, and to me
directed for holding a Court of Oyer and
Terminer, and General Jail Delivotv, Quarter
Sessions ol Ihe Peace, Ctnmon Pleas and
Orphan's Court, iu Bloomsburg in the county
ol Columbia, on ihe first Monday, (being
die 6th day) of February, next and
lo eoniimie one week. Notice is hereby
given, lo Ihe Coroner, .the Justices of the
Peace and Constables of Ihe said county of
Columbia, that they be then and there in
their proper persons at 10 o'clock in the
forenoon of said day, with their records, in
quisitions and other remembrances to do
those things which to their offices appertain
to be done, And those that are bound by
recognizes, to prosecute against the prisoners
that are or may be in the Jail of said county
of Columbia, to be then and there to prose
cute then as shall be just, Jurors are reques
ted lo be punctual in their attendance, a-
Sreeably lo their notice, Dated at Blooms
urg, the 7lit day of February ir. Ihe year of
our Lord one thousand eighl hundred and
filly eight, and in the 83 year o(the indepen
dence ol the United States of America.
(God save the Cmmonwealth.)
JOHN SNYDER, SheriJJ.
Bloomsburg, Dec. £9, 1858.
PRICES REDUCED.
CX* The subscriber respectfully informs
■1 11 the public, that he is prepared
wiili tools and materials for ALL kinds of
Watches and Jewelry ; for Musical instru
ments, &0., &c. Scores of Watches, with
the death warrant stamped upon them by
our best workmen, has he restored to a use
ful and lasting life, and supplied with a vip
erous pulsation. His establishment as well
as his home being free of rent or any encum
brance, he can work for a very moderate
compensation. By punctuality and a son
slant desire to please hie friends arid custo
mers, he hopes lor a continuance of that lib
eral patronage which he is now so thankfully
enjoying. Gold and Silver plating of any
thickness done ; new Watches for sale: all
kinds of Watch glasses on hand; Spectacles
of all numbers lor sale, and glasses changed
to suit any age ; also, glasses put into Spec
tacle frames.
Orders and produce taken in exchange for
work. HENRY ZUPI'INGER.
Bloomsburg, Dec. 1, 1858.
NEW AMBROTYPE SALOON
IN BLOOMSBURG.
Henry Uosenslock, of Philadelphia, res
pectfully inlorms the citizens ol Bloomsburg
and vicinity, that he has removed his
DAGUERREIAN GALLERY,
in the rooms lately occupied by P. Unangsl
as shoe shop, and is prepared to lake pic
tures, which will surpass anything ol the
kind ever seen in this place.
Fathers, mothers, sisters, brothers, now is
the time to procure one ol those imperisha
ble Ambrotypes. and thus secure the features
of beloved friends. Life is uncertain; but
Ambrotypes ars lasting.
All sre invited to osil andj examine speci
mens. [Oct. 6, 1858.
EXECUTOR'S NOTICE.
TVOTICE it hereby given that letters testa
mentary to the Estate of William Stall,
of Briarcreek township, Columbia county,
deceased, have beea granted to the subscri
bers. All persons indebted to said eatate
are requested to make immediate payment,
and those having claims against the same,
to present (hern, to
EDWARD STALL,
WILLIAM EDWARbS,
January 5, 1859. Executors.
£2T C£> <o* O (j£3 Lffl
Rial Eilale of Henry Kitchen, dictated.
COLUMBIA COUNTY, as :
- The Coin moo wealth of Pennsylva
!L a j n '? 10 W* f y Kitchen intermarried
J with David liishel, reaiding in Un
—- ion county, Henry Kitchen, Catha
rine, intermarried wilh Enock Rillenhouae,
Margaret Jane intermarried with Thomas
Magowin reaiding in Wisconsin. Elizabeth
Ann, Plicebe, Ellen, Jotin, Isaac an J Joseph,
and Rauhael who wan iniermarrieJ wilh Mo
ses Uibbe, and died ainee the decedent,
leaving Sarah wife ol William Weise. reai
ding in Northumberland county ; Maria
wile of Thoinaa Miller, in Montour cminty ;
Jane wile o f Vundlitig, Norihumberland
county ; Mary, Ainandn, Johnston, Charity.
Ann, Elizabeth, and George reaiding iiv
Centre county, Isaac Kitchen one otber soir
of the said decedeirt who it* deceased 101 l
issue Delilah intermarried with Jesse Mears.
Elizabeth intermarried with James K. Eves,
Nelson, William, Carolina, Prudence inter
married with Johnston Taylor, Montonrco.;
Edith intermarried with William Johnston',
who died before the decedent, leaving eighl
children, Isaac, Nelson, Franklin, Wilson,
Rebecca wile of Ira Pursell, Catharine, Har
riet and Hannah, all of whom reside ity
Columbia county, Sarah intermarried with
John Armstrong, who died leaving Issue,
Kitchen, Augustus, Hester Ann, arid Deli
lah Jane, Mary, wile of' John Welliver resi
des in Michigan; Charles, son of Isaac,
died leaving a son named Isaac; Rachael,'
a daughter ol the decedent, intermarried
wiih Joseph Pursell, died before the dece
dent, leaving Robert, Daniel, Joseph. Jack
soil, Kuphetnia intermarried wilh Samuel
Eckj Nancy intermarried wiih Allpaugh
I.ydia wife of Jefferson Thomas, George'
Henry, Daniel, Joseph. Jackson and Char
lobe, Elizabeth one . other daughter of tho
decedent intermarried with Eeabend, died
after the decedent, leaving Agnes wife of
Fisher, Montour county, Elizabeth wile
of Peter Fulper, Nancy, Joseph and James,
Mercy one other ol the daughters ol the de
cedent intermarried wiih James Whipple,
and left issue, Bethuel, Isaac, Mary wife of
William Low, Jane wife of Robert Johnston,
Levins wile of Jacob Long, and Sarah wile
of Matliew Hogelaud,' Mary one other of
the daughters ol the said decedent, inter
married with James Whipple, and left issue
Mercy, Edith, Elizabeth wile of Jackson
Shannon, and Ruth Ann wife of Zebulen
Shul z, Grand children and heirs ol Henry
Kitchen, deceased. You and each of you
are hereby commanded to be and appear
at our Orphans' Court, to be holden. HI
Bloomsburg, in and for said county, on the
first Monday of February next, then and
there to accept or refuse to lake the Real
Estate of Henry Kitchen, deceased, at the
valuation put upon it bv an Inquest duly
awarded by this Honorable Court, or shew
cause why the same should not he sold.—
Witness the Honorable Warren J. Wood
ward, Esquire, President of our said Court
at Bloomsburg, the eleventh day of Decem
ber, eighteen hundred and fitty-eight.
Sheriff's Office. J JOHN SNYDER,
Bloomsbuig, Jan. 12, '59. { Sheriff.
SUCKIFF ALE~ ~
T>Y virtue of a writ of Vend. Exp. to me
*-* directed, will be exposed lo public sale
al the Court House, in Bloom-burg, on Mon
day Ihe 7th of February, 1859, at'l o'clock,
P. M., lite following described teal estate,
lo wit:
All thai certain in lot or piece of land sil
uale ill Espy, Scoit township, Colombia Co.,
coniaining one lourili ol an acre more or
leas, beutided on the north by an alley, on
the south by Alain stteet of said town, on
the east by a lot of Allred Heckrnati and on
the west by a lot of William Transit, where
on is erecied a l*o story Irame dwelling
house with tiie appurtenances.
Seized taken in execution and to be sold
as die properly of John Turner.
ALSO,
Al the same lime and place, all thai reTinin
lot or piece of land siluate in East Blooms
burg, Columbia county, containing in front
011 Mam street of said town, fifty feet, and
in depth one hundred and ninety feel, houn
ded on die north and south bv lo's of Caleb
Barton, jr., & Co., on the east Main sireel of
said town, on die west by an alley, whereon
is erecied a iwn story Irame dwelling home
and Irume stable, with the appurtenances.
Seized, taken in execution and to be sold
as the property ol Casner f. Thomas.
ALSO,
At the same time and place, all that certain
piece or purcal of land situate in Mifflin
township, Columbia county, containing fif
teen acres, be the same mote or less, all of
which iS cleared land, whereon isjerectod a
two story dwelling house, a lost barn, a
frame wagon shed, and horse stable, with
the apporienance, bounded on the north by
land ol William N. Broart, on the south by
laud of Levi Creasy, on the west oy land
ol Jeremiah Zimmerman and S. B. Angle,
and-on the east by land ol Daniel Moyer
and Levi Creasy.
Seized, taken in execution and lo be sold
as the properly ol John Michart, jr.
ALSO,
Al the same lime ami place by virtue of
a will of Fi. Fa. lo me directed, all that
tract of laud situate in Briarcrcek township,
Columbia county, bounded by lands of Hen
ry Riltenhouee, on the north west, oil the
south east by lauds of Isaac Cryder & W. J.
D. Ctemm, and on the north east by lands
of Gilbert Fowler and Henry Brinain, con
containing one hundred and fitly acres and
thirty-five "fetches, on wkich is erected a
two story brick dwelling house, and a large
bank barn and other ombuildrugs, one hun
dred and forty acres of which is cleaied
(slid.
ALSO,
All those two in lots senate in the boz
ough of between From and Second
Street, and fronting on Molbdrry Street, Nos.
3S &36 being together Binary nine feet
'rout, and one hundred "and eighty one and
a half feet in depth, on whicb ia erected a
two 6tory house, partly brick and partly
frame, also a two story frame house and a
small stable and other oatbeildings, with
the appnrtenancqp.
Seized taken in execmion and te be sold
as the property of J. W. Bowman.
ALSO, >
At the same time and place, by virtue of
a wiit of Lavari Faeias, lo me directed, all
that certain messuage or town lot situate in
-Cenireville, in the township of Centre, and
County and Stale aforesaid, de.-crihed as
follows, vizin the general plan ol said
Cenireville, (he same being lot rnmbertwo,
beginning on Fourth Street or Main public
road leading from Blctoro.-bu:g to Berwick,
thence by the same north fifty six and a half
degrees, east seventv-nine feet and two
inches, thence by lot No. 3 south thirty-one
and a half degrees, east one hundred and
ninety -eight feel, thence by alley number
two, south fifty-six and a Kali degrees west,
seventy-eight feet arid eight inches, thence
by lot number one south tit irly-oue and three
quarter degrees west one hundred and nine
ty-eight I feet to the beginning.
Seiaed, taken in execution and to be sold
as the property of Frederick Michael.
Sheriff's Office, j JOHN SNYDER,
Bloomsburg, Dec 29 '5B. { Sheriff.
VpRIMMINUS AND NOTIONS, fancy arli"-
-s- cles, a good assortment of Hosiery of the
best quality; also gloves, milts, baskets, Ca
bas, Combs, dress trimmings and lining',
sewing silk, thread, etc., etc., lo be had next
door to the "Exchange."
AMELIA D. WEBB.
Bloomsburg, May 2a, I 8&7.