Stat of tlje Natty.
R. IV. WEAVER, EDITOR.
HloomsVunt, Wednesday, Nov. 23, 1807~.
Congress.
The first session of the 36ih Congress will
meet in the City ol Washington'on the first
Monday being the 7th day of December—
There is a decided democratic majority in
both branches, and the Senate will be pre
sided over by Vico President Breckinridge.
It ie now thought that Hon. James L. Orr of
South Carolina will bo elected speaker of
tho lower house; and we know of no man
xvhose experience and ability more thor
oughly fit him for that post. The Hon. J.
Glancy Jones of Pennsylvania, whose claims
have been warmly urged in many quarters
still persists in declining the distinction. If
he had consented to the use of his name
there is 110 doubt of his election. He would
make an able and impartial speaker.
Kauai.
We aaid last week that the press and par
ty of ihe Black Republicans wanted to make
Kansas a slave State; while the Democrats,
Walker, and tho administration were bend
ing all their energies to give a free popular
expression to the citizens. That has been
obtained—so far so good. Now let the Con
vention put the Constitution agreed upon
fairly before the people, and Buchanan will
see that they have a fair vote upon the sub
ject, and wo will answer for the result.—
Kansas will be a free State, because the
Black Republicans are not strong enough to
make a Slave State of it. That subject the 1
next Congress will also have in charge, and
it will be honestly and fairly dealt with.
Utah.
Brigham Young and his followers have
declared that they will resist the officers and
authority of the United States; and they
seem to be arming, and preparing to dispute
by force end arms the national authorities,
ihe Mormons aro nearly all unnaturalized
citizens, squatters upon the public domain,
who have no more right there than the great
Mogul. If President Buchanan and the
Congress do not bring them to terms and
expel thera from the territory we shall be 1
greatly mistaken. They are the terror and
disgrace of tho country—they must be dealt
with in a summary manner.
The Currency.
Among the important questions likely to j
•come before the next Congress is that of the !
Currency. The system of state banking, as !
practiced among us will be overhauled, and
some conclusion arrived at as to the power j
possessed by a state to delegate power which
it does not itselif possess. The time for '
some reformation in this matter has arrived, ;
And the late financial revulsion, extending
throughout the whole country, has aroused
thinking men in every quarter; and the
qustion has been what is the cause, and what
the remedy? Once more there will beacon
test about Benton's mint drops, and again
we shall see the people's currency bear off
the palm.
Hook Notices.
We are in receipt of Leonard Scott & Co.'s
reprint of the Westminister Quarterly Re
•view for October, 1857. It is a splendid No.
containing articles of"Female Dress in '57."
■"Political Priest." Jutlah ; or an adventure
in Malayan Waters. Hsstory of Civilization
in England. Auroa Leigh. The Four Em
pires. The Cbeopboroe of .AUchylus. Rep
resentative Government. What is it good lor?
Mommsen's Roman History. The Progress
of English Jurisprudence. Colempotary Lit
erature.
The Westminister, with the London, Ed
inburg, and North British Quarterly Review,
and Blackwood's Magazine, monthly, are re
published in New York from advanced sheets
by Leonard Scott & Co. at $lO per annum
for the entire series. The price of either one
of the works, taken singly, is $3 a year.
A Murderer ConvtctM-
Francis Burns, who was arrested some two
or throe weeks ago, in the vicinity of Pittston,
for the murder of his wif;, was tried last
week at Wilkes-Barre, and the Jury on Sat
urday, after retiring jpr about thirty, min
utes rendered a veidtct of "murder in the
second degree."—This crime, of which
Burns is convicted, we believe is punished
by imprisonment of not less than ten years.
Jt was an aggravated case, and we are some
what surprised, at the result.
Fire ID Pulsion.
We learn that on Friday night last at
obout one o'clock, a fire broke out in a Store
house belonging to Esquire Reddin, opposite
the Butler House, which entirely consumed
it, together with a small buikljpg adjoining
it, which was also the property of Esquire
Reddtn, used as a justice's office and a Doc
tor's office, beloro the devouring element
could be stayed. We have not heard the
particulars of the origin of the fire. We un
derstand there was no inrurance upon the
property destroyed.
DELICIOUS VENISON. —Our thanks are due
to Wesley Wirt, Esq., for some very fine
venison received tho past week; he has
been on a hunting excursion at Long Pond,
in Sullivan county, and killed three fine
deer during the trip. He has quite a taste
for the romance of hunting.
UT The Methodist Congregation had the
Rev. Mr. Warren to preach the first serman
in tho lecture room of their new Church on
last Sunday evening. The house was crowd
ed and some forty persons could not obtain
admission. They dispersed very orderly.
OF* The stores and other places of busi
ness will be closed in Bloomsburg on Thanks
giving Day.
W The prices of grain in thia county are
gradually going down.
HT The Suequebauna iier al this place
was raised to a pretty high water-mark last
week. Tbe rain north of here moat have
been very severe. There was a large amount
of flood wood floating down the river, and
we leam that in a number of instances whole
fields of corn were swept away. The rain at
this place was Jvery light, and done little or
no damage ; but we learn that some towns
along the river, between here aad Elmira,
were completely inundated, doing tbucb dam
age. At Elmira, some portion of the track
of the N. Y. & Erie Railroad was carried off
by the freshet, interrupting the regular pas
sing of trains.
MELANCHOLY OCCURRENCE.— On Friday week,
William Cooper was accidentally shot dead,
near Lewislown, Pa., while out gunning with
his father. Ihe father had fired al a phea
sant, aud a single grain of shot, glancing, had
entered the young mart's eye, penetrating
hie brain and causing instant death.
At a Meeting of the Presidents of the Dan
ville, Northumberland, Lewisburg, West
Branch, Lock Haven, and Jersey Shore Banks,
at Williamsport, on the 29'.h nit., it was re
solved that during the suspension ofspecie
payments, by the Banks of this Ccmmon
wealth, they did not deem it expedient to
make any arrangements with the city Ranks
for Ihe redemption of their notes, or sums
ofspecie in Philadelphia to keep their notes
at par.
CANAL BOARD APPOINTMENTS.—- Harrisburg,
Nov. 19.—The following Canal Board ap
pointments were made to-day, viz Supe
rvisor of the Delaware Division, Wm. Elliott;
of the Lower North Branch, Gen. W. Search;
of the West Branch, R. R. Birgenes. Mr. Ar
nold Plumer, oce of the Commissioners, is
abseni, but is expected to be here to-morrow,
when-Collectors will be appointed.
THANKSGIVING —The following States have
thus far joined in appointing Ihe 26th inst.,
for the celebration ol Thanksgiving:—New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut,
Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Penn
sylvania, Delaware, Maryland, North Caroli
na, Kentucky. lowa, Ohio, Michigan, and
ihe city of Washington. Maine, South Caro
lina and Mississippi celebrate the 15th ill*!.,
and Vermont the 3d of December.
ItrLast week Joel Schoonhoven, one hun
dred yeats old, was discharged Irom Sing
Sing State prison, having been pardoned by
the Governor. He tvas committed for life
for arson. He is a native of Orange county,
and reached the age of a century in prison
on the 4th of July last. He saw Washing
ton at Newburg during the War.
f35@F~ A terrible calamity occurred last
week at Oxford Furnace, near Belvidere,
N. J. The stopper aocidentiy came out giv
ing vent or agress to two and a half tons of
molten Iron which was thrown out as from
the month of a cannon among the work
men, killing five of them and wounding
several others.
Appointment in the School Department. —G.
W. Crabb, Esq., ol Harrtsburg, has been ap
pointed a Clerk in the office of the State Su
perintendent of Common Schools, in place
of Capt. J. M. Eyster, recently elected Sher
iff nf Dauphin county, resigned. Mr. Crabb
belongs to the editorial profession, and is well
qualified for the duties of his new position.
A STEAM CARRIAGE made its appearance in
the streets of Manchester, near Pittsburg. It
ran over the streets like a thing of lite, turn
ing corners and dodging ruts. The driver of
an omnibus, seeing innovation in this exper
iment, put whip to hie horses and tried to
outrun the steam carriage, hut the latter left
his coach so far behind, that the omnious
driver was laughed at by the spectators.—
The steam carriage went at tbe rale of nine
miles an hour with a pressure of sixty
pounds. The inventor is John S. Hall, of
Manchester.
RESUMING WORK. —The following named
Mills, which suspendid during the panic,
have resumed work:
Union Manufacturing Company, at Nor
walk, Conn.; Cliicepee Mills, Massachusetts;
Rolling and Nil Mills, at Fall River; Mas
sasoil Flour Mills, at Fall River; American
Print Works, at Fall River; Eddy's Woollen
Mills; The American Plirit Works, I.onns
bury, Bisvel & Co.'s Works; Albany Iron
Works; Rensselaer Iron Works; Catolina
Mills, Fall River; Natick Mills."
THE COAL TRADE —There has been a brisk
business done in the shipment of Coal, both
by Roilroad and Canal during the past week.
The Railroad look down 33,186 17 tons, and
the Canal 41,226 05 tons, making a total ol
74,41302 ions, a gain on the preueding week
of 4.268 tons. The markets generally are
short of coal compared with the same period
last year, and there is evrry prospect of a
continued demand until the close of naviga
tion.
ty We are informed that burglars enter
ed and robbed the dwelling of John Brock,
Esq., in Ashland, Schuylkill co. t last week.
ty Five million* of dollars have been
brought into the country within the last ten
days.
iy The laboring population of Schuylkill
county are leaving by hundreds, mostly for
the West.
iy Corn is offered at twenty-three cents a
bushel by the farmers along the Wabash Val
(ley, deliverable at their own expense in Vin
ceones, Indiana.
ty Mr. Peter Baldy, jr., at Danville, has
just received some 3000 bushels of Kentucky
wheat from Pittsburg. It will be converted
into the best family flour at his steam mill.
or A child of Mr. Shadrack Philips, in
Carbondsle,"Luzerne county, was burned to
death on Tuesday of last week, by it*clothes
taking fire from a grate.
ty President Buchanan has directed one
of the new Sloops of War, ordered by Con
gress, to be built at the Philadelphia Navy
Yard. This will afford employment during
(he fall and winter to hundreds of mechanics.
Hank ol Danville-
At an election for officers of this bank, held
lon last Monday, tha following Board of Di
rectors were duly chosen, viz:
E. H. Baldy, Danville,
Dr. W. H. Magill, do
John Forley, do
M. C. Grier, do
G. M. Shoop, do
Peter ltaldy, sr. do
J. C. Pbodes, do
Joho Sharpleas, Catawissa,
John K. Grotz, Blnomsbnrg.
Thomas Hayes, Lewifcurg,
J. V. Goodlander, Milton.
Wm. Good, McEwensville,
Benjamin Schoch, Selinsgrove.
At the meeting of the Board of Directors,
on last Tuesday, Edw. H. Baldy, Esq., was
unanimously re-elected as President.
A dividend of 3 par cent, for the last six
months was declared on the 3d inat.
Bank of Northumberland.
At an election (or officers of this bank on
Monday last, the following board ot Direc
tors was chosen:
J. B. Packer, D. Brauiigam, A. E. Kapp,
J. C. Horton, G. F. Miller, Paul Masieller,
S. T. Brown, Wm. I. Greenough, George
Schnure, C. It. Paxton, Simon Schuyler,
James Taggart, A. B. Warford.
The new Directors are Messrs. Green
ough, Taggart, Watford, all well qualified for
(ha position by education and business hab
ile.
Front Kansas.
St. Loots, Nov. 16—Kansas advices slate
that the Constitution hail been adopted by
the Convention by a vote of 28 for to about
a dozen against. The whole number of del
egates being 60, consequently the Constitu
tion has been adapted by a minority of the
Convention. The majority and mtnoiity re
ports of the Committee o.i Schedule, will
be merged into one. The schedule thus
formed, provides for an election on the 21st
of Deoentber, to ratify or reject the Consti
tution, the voting to be by ballot, and the
voles cast to be endorsed "Constitution with
slavery," or''Constitution without slavery."
Also (or an election to be held on the first
Monday in January next, for the election of
State and Congressional tickets.
The Lawrence correspondence of the Dem
ocrat asserts that Governor Walker brought
from Washington a manuscript copy of the
Kansas Constitution, almost identical with
the one adopted. He also says that no tree
State men will vote on the 21st of December.
ty Brigbam Young, who defies the gov
ernment and threatens the armies of the U.
S., is a native of White Haven, Vermont,
and is fifty six years of age. His father was
a farmer, originally trom a town ia the vicin
ity of Boston, and young Brigham is said
never to have been at school but thirteen
days. He has manifested a verystrong mind
since he has presided over the Mormons,and
has spread that imposture overjhe whole
civilized world, sending hundreds of mission
aries lo make proselytes. He will probably
have the infamy of being the first individual
in the United States elevated lo a gallows for
treason. His present career is strongly in
that direction; and the fellow, while exercis
ing unlimited power in Utah, has the impu
dence to talk of the persecutions he has suf
fered.
THE FINANCIAL PRESSURE.—We are gratifi
ed to observe a steadily improving tone in
Ihe financial circles of the eastern cities.—
Securities which had gone down to nothing
almost, are gradually rising, and business,
which had been utterly prostrated, is having
a healthful revival. The Bank of New Vork
are reported to be striving to arrange a spee
dy resumption of specie payment. Their
lead will be followed by the Banks of the
New Ecgland States generally, and probably
by the institutions of tne South and West,
with whom they have intimate relations.—
Specie continues to flow in upon us from
Europe and California. We are importing
but little, whilst a large number of vessels
are loading with giain 'or foreign pons. It is
evident that we are making headway.— Val
ley Spirit.
On Tuesday morning, Burna was sentenc
ed to 12 years imprisonment in the Peniten
tiary. When asked if he had anything to
say why sentence should not be passed, he
asserted his innocence of intending to kill his
wife-expressed much feeling for hischildren,
and said that liquor had brought him to his
fate, and thanked the Court, Jury and his
Counsel for their kiudness.— Herald, of the
Union.
I t#" Two brothers named Smith, proprie
tors of a splendid peach orchard near Sacra
mento, California, are said to have [eahzed
between $60,000 and $70,000, this year from
the sale of peaches.
ly The men employed in the shops of the
Reading Railroad Company are now work
ing on short time—eight hours a day. They
commence 7$ o'clock in the morning, and
quit at 4i in the afternoon. The wages have
been generally reduced in proportion.
There are now loading grain and flour at
New York, the large number of thirty ships,
all for Europe, about half being for Liverpool
and the remainder for Glasgow- They will
average about 20,000 bushels for each ship.
CP In a recent address of Hon. Edward
Everett, there is one sentence of fifty eight
lines, without a single period. In the Web
ster oration of Hon. Rufua Choate there ere
three pages without a pause.
The first camp-meeting held in Ihe United
States was held in Kentucky fifty years ago.
Methodists, Presbyterians, and Baptists uni
ted on that occasion.
—A gentleman just from Superior, tip
North, says that three weeks ago, he waided
in snow that was knee deep, between Steven's
Point and Superior.
Vtr Judge Woodward is holding a two
week's Court in Wyoming county, includ-
I ing this week hnd last.
THK PENNNYLV4NIA B/tNK-
There han been an investigation going on
for a weufc or two past, by the Directors of
the Bank of Pennsylvania, into the affairs ot
that institution, and the common report is
that the exhibits is not favorable. The im
mediate liabilities of the Bank in round num
bers, independent of oapital slock, is about
two inillimuo£dollars—to meet which, there
are at one aud three quar
ter millions. If this appraisement and amount
of liabilities are correct, the Bank would seem
to be unable to pay its debts, leaving noth
ing for stock holders. It was anticipated by
many that this examination would piove un
favorable, yes they did not anticipate one
I quite so calamitous as the one reported. The
nominal amount of assets is, of course, more
than the amount appraised as available,
though it is reported there is a hiatus of ve
ry considerble extent in the Bank accounts,
covered by no representative value whatever.
In every properly conducted bank, the led
ger account will show on one aide all that
the bank owes including its cap ital; on the
other all that is owing to the Bank, and the
two are made to balance, something being
received to show lor every dollar expended.
This, the examination at the Bank of Penn
sylvania, has not thus far been able to de
monstrate.—The business of the institution
seems very much, it lose ends. Within a
da) or (wo, assets of the value of a hundred
thousand dollars, said lo be entirely reliable,
were found stuck in one of the unused pigeon
boles. The Bank holds about $175,000 of
its own stock ; a portion of this, however, has
been pledged to one or mure of the interior
banks, though the agency of a third party,
who now stands liable to'the bank for the
amount. The committee representing the
city banks in this matter, or a majority of it,
is understood to be averse lo an attempt at
resuscitation, and the indications now are,
thst it will go into liquidation, and probably
out of exislance, leaving as little for its share
holders an did its great prototype, the Bank
of the United States, Noteholders and de
positors will probably be paid.
PlllMDKU'fllt NIKKEI'S-
Flouj and Meal —There ia very little in
quiry tortxporl, and with increasing stocks,
the market is weak, though as yet there is no
reduction of, prices. Sales are made in lota
to the retailers and bakers at $5 25 up to 5 88
for common and extra brands, according to
quality, and 86 00 a 87 00 for fancy Inta.
Nothing doing in Rye Floor or Corn Meal—
we quote the former at 84 50, and the la'ter
at 83 19 per barrel.
Ghain. —There is a fair amount of Wheat
offering, but the demand for it is limited.
Sales ol 3000 bush, good red at $1 20 a $1 26
per bushel, afloat, and good white at 81 29 a
$1 33 per bushel. Sale of Rye at 75 cer.ts.
Corn is in good request —sales of 1000 bush
els old yellow at 80 cents, and 800 bushels
prime dry now at 62 cepl. Oa is—sales of
Southern at 31 a 35 cts. per bnshel.
Cloverseed is scarce at $5 per 64 lbs.
Nothing doing in Timothy or Flaxseed.
W hi-icev is held firmly—sales ol barrels at
22} ft tll'vltltii; tifnis, at 220, And drudges at
210.
WHAT IT COST.—The war debt of Oregon,
as passer l uoou by the Commissioners reaches
Ihe round esm of $3,500,000, making, with
that of Washington Territory, $5,000,000.
Nor does this include any of the claims
which will hereafter be presented to Congress
for spoliations, being only for actual services
rendered and supplies actually furnished.—
The population of Washington Territory is
about 10,000, that ol Oregon 80,000. The
populations of the Territories are small, ttnd
the points to be defended must have been
few. Five millions of dollars is a pretty
round sum for war expenses alone, there
probably not being two thousand volunteers
engaged in the war.
A Slot i out of Debt and not Wanting Money.
The Little Rock (Arkansas) Democrat says
that the 'Treasury of Arkansas is overflowing
with gold nd silver. The various funds are
enumerated that have their hundreds of thou
sands of the hard. The Treasury has no
bank notes; nothing but specie ih Arkansas;
except a small old bartk debt, does not owe
a cent, and has in her strong box more gold
and silver than will keep the government for
two years without any farther taxation.—
There are no banks in Arkansas, and the
taxes are paid in gold and silver, and the
State pays out nothing but that kind of cur
rency.
MARRIAGES AVFSCTED SV THE TIMES —The
records ol the City Register of Boston, Mass.,
begin to show the effects of hard limes in
the decrease of applications for certificates of
intentions of marriage. In the month of Oc
tober last the deficiency, as compared with
Ihe same month in J856, was between fifty
and sixty, and duung the ten months of 1857
the decrease, as coroptred with 1856, is be
tween one hundred and fifty and two hun
dred.
The Chinete Sugar Cave a Failure.— Mr. W.
H Belcher, of the celebrated sugar refinery
at S: Louis, perhaps the highest authority in
saccharine matters in the country, has been
carefully testing the Chinese cane. He says
that it wilt prove a failure as far as sugar
making is concerned, and, if it will not gran
ulate (as it will not) the syrup does not coo
lain a due proportion of CHne sugar. He
doubt its virtues as a sugar producing plant.
MONTOUR WORKS.—'The Montour Ameri
can says, we observe they are nailing up the
doors, windows, gates, hie., of these Works,
thus giving us tba indications of a stand-still.
With this movement, Ihe last hope of theit
starting tfcis season, has died away in the
minds of the people. Not Ibe workman
aloue feel the disastrous consequences of
their stoppage, but we ail have a practical
demonstration of their importance to the pros
parity of Dacville.
A Thoughtful is a Priceless Treasure.—
Such a one has Mr. Poets, proprietor of the
Phoenix Hotel, Lanstngburg, N. York, which
was destroyed by fire the • other day. He
has learned to his surprise, that his wife had
effected an insurance of $1,300 oo the prop
erty with her pin money, unknown to bim.
Tbe Keller Bill.
A correspondent of the Ledger thus refers
to the act of the extra session of the legisla
ture :
Turn over the act of 13th October aa we
please, and examine it in whatever light we
may ciiooee to viaw it, we shall And its pro
visions, when followed out to their legitimate
consequences, working nothing but evil to
the banks and the community. Better had
it been if the Legislature Bud not been call
ed together, if, when assembled, they tjad
adjourned without doing anything. The op
eration of the provisions of the act upon our
city banks, and all solvent banks in the State,,
is but to obalruo: and embarrasstbem in ttieir
endeavors to get themselves into a position
to resume specie payments. Its operation
on the country baoks, though at present
seemingly advantageous, must be ruinous
and fstal in the end. Its requirement that the
banks shall take bank notea, other than their
own, in payment ol debts due to them, ia
unjnsl, and in the opiuiorf ol sound lawyers
clearly unconstitutional. Its interference with
and avoiding of, the contracts existing be
tween man and man, is altogether wrong;
and its insisting that the banks shsll resume
specie payments in six months after its pas
sage, while debtots owing the bank and
others are allowed more than twelve months'
time in which to pay their obligations, is
cruel and oppressive. It is a dangerous thing
lo break down ar.d prostrate the standard of
mercantile integrity in a business communi
ty. To legislate a man out of debt is an
outrage upon all principles of justice. We I
shall for many a long day regret the demur- I
alizing influence which this act will produce
upon our community. O that our Legisla
tors were wise ! O that we had more states
men and fewer politicians and currency tink
ers among them ! Pity it is that our business
matters had not been allowed lo right them
selves. When the panio and alarm would
have subsided, the confidence ot tbe com
munity would have been restored to such of
our bar.ks as were worthy of it, and we
should now be handling their notes, so fa
miliar lo our eyes, instead of the notes of
banks hundreds of miles away, of whose
goodness we can have no knowledge. Sure
ly -'tis better "to bear the ills we suffer than
fly to others we know not of." Already our
banks begin to feel the pressure of this loath
some burthen ; after a while it will become
intolerable bdih to them and the commuity
Had business matters been allowed to right
themselves, debtors and creditors would
have come together mid arranged their af
fairs between themselves, as tbeir mutual
interests might have dictated.
This is the only just and business way that
such matters can be arranged in. When leg
islation steps in lo unsettle account between
1 man and man it does injury—nothing but in
jury. II rumor is not at fault, onr city banks
already regret that they did nnt refuse to ac
cept the provisions of this Act, and throw
themselves upon the mercy ol the commu
nity. Happy had it been for both parties
had they done so! Even at this early mo
ment they plainly perceive that with proper
management on their part, and a generous
forbearance on the part of the communilyi
(which the community will, perhaps, have
reason lo regret, had not been extended to
wards them on the day of tbe panic,) they
could easily resume specie payments, even
at the lime fixed in tbe act, were it not for
the horrible incubus under which they labor
of receiving the country bank notes in pay
ment of tbeir dues. This "requirement"
paralyzes their energies and renders them
incapable of moving a single step in the right
! direction.
HUKCER MEETING.—The 'hunger meetings'
now being held in New York tnd Philadel
phia are greet humbugs. Most of ihe lead
ing participants in these meetings are hun
gerers slier notoriety—nothing more. If these
hungerers were really hungry, they would be
hunting for something to do, instead ol
shooting about the sreets and public squares.
A gentleman in New York offered work to
one thousand men at one dollar a day, but
ihe poor starvelings refused to take less than
a dollar and a quarter! If hunger and cold
should pinch them shortly, whuse fault will
it be *
There are many sufferers in the large cit
ies, we have no doubt, but they are not to
be found among the blathering throngs that
assemble in public parks and upset bread
carts in the gutter, wantonly destroying what
they pretend to be starving for want of—Val
ley Spirit.
THE Easton (Pa.) Arga) mentions an inci
dent of an old gentleman, recently deceased,
in Lehigh county, who had been suspected
of having considetable money in his house,
although no one knew the amount. On ex
amining his premises, after his death, no
less than eleven thousand dollars were found
in specie, which he had doubtless been sav
ing and concealing for many years.
AN editor out West, advises private debt
ors to gel themselvesinoorporated into Banks
as soon as possible, because when a man
fails, his property is seized, and if he at
tempts to evade payments, he is called a
"swindler," but when Banks fail they are
unfortunate, and ihe Legislature makes it all
right. Pretty true.
There is now hinging in the bar room of
the Bunk Hotel in the borough of Lebanon,
• license granted by the "Honorable Gover
nor of Pennsylvania, James Penn," in the
year one thousand seven hundred and sixty
ftve. It is most singular in phraseology,and
strictly forbids the "sale or gift of any ititox
icating drinks to Indians or notorious drunk
ards." . j
Sale t>f Valley Forge Properly.—The prop
erly of Or. Rowan, at Velley Forge, which
has been the subject ol much litigation, was
sold last week for $12,600. It was purchas
ed by Mr. Rogers, of TredyfTrin township,
Cheater county, the original proprietor.
Wisconsin Klectlon.
Drraorr, Nov. 18.—The Superior (Wis.)
Chroniole, of the 10th inst., received this
evening, saye that Docglaa county gives
Cross, the Democratic candidate for Govern
or, 117 majority, wbicb, it is claimed, insures
bis election.
rHtt sit tit mi t A iii.utai.itix.
Important official Despatches —ftngham
Young's Proclamation iu Full.
WASHINGTON, NOV. 17.—C01. Johnson's let
ter, together with Col. Alexander's, was re
ceived at the War Department to-day, con
firming the destruction of the supply trains ;
also a letter and proclamation from Brigham
Young, which I herewith send you, and Col.
Alexander's reply. Col. Alexander was with
in thirty miles of Fort Bridger, which place
is occupied by Mormon troops, when he re
ceived the following letter from Brigham
.Young, through the commander of the "Nau
vou Legion
"GOVERNOR S Orririi, UTAH TERRITORY, )
"Great Salt Lake City, Sept. 29, 1857. }
''To the Officers Commanding the Forces now
Invading Utah Territory :
"SIR : By reference to the set of Congress,
passed Sept. 9. 1850, organizing the Territory
of Utah, you will find the following:
"SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, that the
executive power and authority in anil over
said Territory of Utah shall be vested in a
Governor, who shall hold his office for four
years, aud until his successor shall be ap
pointed ami qualified, unless sooner remov
ed by the President of tho United States.
The Governor shall reside within said Terri
tory, shall be comtnander-iu-chief ot the
militia thereof, &c., &c.
"I am still the Governor and Superinten
dent of Indian ARairs for the Territory, no
successor having been appointed and quali
fied, as provided by law, nor havo I been re
moved by the President of the United States.
By virtue of the authority that vested in me,
I have issued and forwarded to you a copy
of my proclamation forbiding the entrance oi
armed forces into the Territory. This you
have disregarded. I now further direct that
you retire forthwith from the. Territory, by
the same route you entered. Should you
deem thia impracticable, and prefer to re
main until spring in the vicinity of your pre
sent encampment, "Black Fork on Green
River, you can do so in peace and unmoles
ted, on condition that you deposit your arms
and atnmnnilion with Lewis Robinson, Quar
ter-master General of the Territory, and leave
in the spring as soon as the condition of the
roads will permit you to march ; anj should
you fall short ot provisions, they can be fur
nished you upon making proper application
the refor.
"General D. H. Wells will forward this,
and receive any communication you may
have to make.
"Very respectfully,
BRIQIMM YOUNO,
Governor & Superintendent of Indian Affairs.
The following is the proclamation relerred
to by Brigham Young :
I 'PROCLAMATION BY THE GOVERNOR.
"CITIZENS OF UTAH—We are invaded by a
hostile force, who are evidently assailing us
to accomplish our overthrow and destruction.
For the last twenty-five years, we have trust
ed officials of the Government, from con
stables and justices to judges, governors, and
presidents, only to be scorned, held ir. deri
sion, insulted and betrayed. Our houses
have been plundered and then burned, our
fields laid waste, our principal men butcher
eihwhile under the pledged faith of the Gov
ernment for their safety, and our families
driven from their homes to find that shelter
in the'barren •wilderness, and that protection
among tbo hostile savages, which were de
nied them in the boasted abodes of Chrislt-,
auity and civilization.
"The Constitution of our common country
guaranties unto us all that we do now or have
ever cliimed. If the constitutional rights
whioh pertain nnto ns as American ci.izens
were extended to Utah according to the spirit
and meaning thereof, and fairly and impar
tially administered,, it is all that we could
ask—all that we have ever askeu.
"Our opponents have availed themselves -
of prejudice existing against us, because of
our religious (aith, to aeDd out a formidable
host to accomplish our destruction. We
have had no privilege nor opportunity ol de
fending ourselves Irani the false, foul, and ;
unjust aspersions against us before the nation-
Tie Government has hoi condescended to 1
cause an investigating committee or other
persons to be sent to inquire into and ascer
tain the truth, as is customary in such cases.
We know those aspersions to he false : but
that avails us nothing. We are condemned
unheard, and forced to an issue with an
armed mercenary mob, which has been sent
against us at the instigation ol anonymous
letter-writers, ashamed to lather the base,
slanderous falsehoods which they have giv
en to the public—of corrupt officials, who
have brought false accusations against us to
screen themselves in their own infamy, and
of hireling priests and howling edi ore, who
prostitute the truth for filthy lucre's sake.
"The issue which has thus been forced
upon us compels us to resort to the great first
law of self preservation, and stand it: our own
defence—a right guarantied unto u* by the
genius ol the institutions of our country, and
upon which the Government is based. Our
duly to ourselves, to our families, requires
us not to lamely submit to be driven and slain
without an -al'empi to preserve ourselves.
Our doty to our country, our holy religion,
our Gnd, to freedom and liberty, requires that
we should not quietly stand still and see those
fetters forging around us which are calcula
ted to enslave and bring us in subjection to
an unlawful military despoliem, such as can
only emanate, in a country of constitutional
law, from usurpation, tyranny, and oppres
sion.
"Therefore, I, Brighton Yonng, Governor
and Superintendent of Indian Aflairs for the
Territory of Utah, in the name of the people
of the United States, in the Territory of Utah,
forbid,
•'li'irst—All armed forces of every descrip
tion from into this Territory, under
any pretence whatever.
"Second—That all the forces in said Ter
ritory hold themselves in readiness to march
at aimonneni's notice to repel any and all
such invasions.
"Third—Martial law is hereby declared to
exist io ibis Territory from and after the publi
cation of Ibis publication ; and no person
shall be allowed |o pass or repass into or
through or from this Territory without a per
mit Irom the proper officer.
"Given under iny hand and seal, at Great
Salt Lake City. Territory of Ulah, this fif
teenth day of September, A. D. eighteen hun
dred and fifty-erven, and of the Independence
of the Untied States 01 America the eighty
second.
I "BKICIIAM Vol' NO."
The following in Colonel Alexander's reply
to Brigham Young:
"HICAMiUARTKRS TF.NTH REGIMENT OF IN- )
FANTRY, CAMP WHTIELD, ON HAM'S FORK, >
October 2, 1857. )
"BRIOHAM You NO, Esh ~ Governor of Ulah
Territory:
"SIR : I have the honor to acknowlege the
receipt of your communication of September
29, 1857, with two copies ol a proclamation
and one of the laws of Ulah, and have given
it an attentive consideration. I am at the
present the senior and commanding officer
of the troops of the United Slates at this point,
and f will submit your letter to the general
commanding as soon as he arrives here.
"In the meantime, I have only to say that
these troops are liore by the order of the Pre
sident of the United States, and their further
movements andoperations will depend entire
ly upon orders issued by competent military
authority.
"Very respectfully, E. B. ALEXANDER."
Among the documents is a letter from Col.
Johnson, dated from the camp, on the thtoa
wings of the Sweet Water, addressed to Ad
jutant General McDowell, New York, inr
which he confirms the burning of the con
tractor's trains by the Mormons. He says
the Governor's escort is four days' march be
hind him, two companies of dragoons. lis
knows no reason why Col. Alexander should
attempt to reach Salt Lake by Bear river, ex
cepting from the fear that the Mormons have
burned the grass on the shorter route. He
adds: "If 1 could communicato with Col.
Alexander I would direct him to take up a
good position for the winter at Ham's Fork.
Tho road is beset between thia and Ham's
Fork with companies of Mormons, so it is
doubtful whether 1 shall be able to communi
cato with Col. Alexander."
It is supposed at the War Department that
the troops are all in good condition, as noth
ing to the contrary is said io the despatches.
On the receipt of the above despatches a
special mealing of the Cabinet was immedi
ately called, but nothing has transpired with
reference to their deliberations.
Ventilation..lts Necessity-How Best Ef
fected.
The approach of cold weather, when so
much of the time is spent within doors, re
minds us that the disregard of ventilia
tion causes more colds, consumptions and
disease generally, than anybody bat a phys
ician would suppose.
, The process of breathing, it is well
known, vitiates the atmosphere of confined
apartments. A tight room, eight feet high,
and twelve by fourteen feet square, will
have its air poisoned in two hours by three
persons sitting in it. In a single hour, a
company of twelve persons, in a parlor six
teen feet by twenty, and nine ieet high,
will render the atmosphere unhealthy, if
the doors are closed. Yet, in the face of
these scientific facts, there are thousands
of households in Philadelphia where, every
winter, it is the practice of the family to sit
in heated apartments without any provision
for ventilation.
Nature, even when doors and windows
are all closed, makes an effort to ventilate
rooms, by forcing fresh air through th®
cracks. But it will not do to trust to these
especially in sleeping chambers, where ven
tilation is peculiarly necessary. The open
ing of a window, both at top and at bottom,
is one of the best methods of ventilation ;
but in order to avoid draughts, it is necessa
ry to discriminate between times when the
temperature out of doors is colder than
within, and when it is the reverse ; for the
in the first case, the cold air enters at the
j bottom of a window and passes out at the
top, while in the other it enters at the top
and passes out at the bottom. Ventilating
a room, by leaving a door ajar, is governed
jby the same rules. Sudden colds which
j cannot bo accounted for, often occur by
sleeping in draughts, which might have
been avoided by a litllo practical knowl
edge.
It is ittdispensible, however, that the hu
man system should be accustomed to cur
rents ol air. To remain habitually in warm,
close rooms, carefully protected from
draughts, is almost certain to cause a cold
on going out into the air. If the person is
heated, the liability to take cold is very %
great on entering a current. But where the
whole body is exposed, there is less danger
than where only a portion is. A late writer
has estimated that any current of air moving
with a velocity of more than two feet pe r
second, is perilous. This, therefore, may
be considered a rule by which to de guided
in ventilating apartments. Where it is im
possible to introduce fresh air, without a
violent current, a screen or other apparatus
should bo used, by which to distribute the
air more equally and avoid unhealthy
draughts. Bed-rooms which have no fire
place, should invariably have an opening
into the Hue; for many persons fear catch
ing cold if they leave their windows down,
and such, if there is neither fire-place nor
opening into the flue, kill themselves by
slow poison.
No system of ventilating a room has ever
been devised equal to the old fashioned
open fire place. But the expense of this
method will prevent its returning into gen
eral use. As open fire-places are the best
ventilators, so stoves are the worst; and
unfortunately, of all processes of heating,
the stove is the cheapest. Hot-air furnaces
combine, practically, economy and health,
better than any other method ; but few fur
naces are constructed rightly, and fewer still
are managed properly. The hot-air should
be introduced pure, moist, and equally ;
and an opening or openings should be pro
vided for it to escape; and yet not one hot
air furnace in ten is worked in this way.
Where expense is no consideration, a com
bination of an air-heating apparatus with
open fire-places, gives the nearest approach
wnich is possible, to perfect ventilation.—
There are hundreds of familios in Philad
elphia able to afiord this combination, who
nevertheless disregard it, and many of them
in consequence, pay the doctor more than
they would have to pay the coal dealer, if
they adopt it.- Ledger.