Jglat tff tfye Notify. a. w. ruvn, SUITOR. MloomtkuHi Wtdaeastray, Hot. I|~lBB7- rnr rt ri. r. The noise and confusion of.the over mem orable campaign of 1856; the Bhrieking for reedom of the Fremont orators; the ground >l ess assumptions and barefaced assertions; he false and slanderous assaults upon the Democratic party; and the universal twist ng of every fact) in order to its defeat, ate •Of such recent occurrence that the most careless observer .of facts cannot plead ig norance nor lorgelfulness We shall not write the history of the black Republican party, though that might be done, for it is dead and buried; but we shall beg leave to mention a few facts in the his tory of its rise and fall which we think per .inent to the occasion. , That party has pretended to bo the pe culiar and exclusive friend of the negro. As such in the Topeka Republican Free State Constitution in Kansas, negroes were absolutely excluded from the Territory or State. As such, lowa a state which Fre mont carried against Buchanan, by over | 9000 voles, rejected that clanse in its new -consti'ution authorizing a negro to vote, by about 10,000 majority. As such they rrn the poor African off from his Southern mas ter, who would take care of him, and turn him loose to steal and rot in the sinks and stews of New York and Boston, or freeze amid the snows of Canada,and starve among his bosom friends the abolitionists. Thus they practice—their preaching is known to the world. One year ago their whole stock in trade was "Bleeding Kansas," and what little of It remained on hand was dusted off and brushed up, for the last campaign. A man who held a Judge's commission and who had rendered himself conspicuous and dis graceful, was again called into the ring and still clothed with the judicial ermine .shrieked for freedom, the old rallying cry. But how determinedly and decidedly did the people of Pennsylvania rebuke the arch traitor, and judicial demagogue. Was it not a glorious thing for the people to teach David Wilmot, and through him all Freedom ehriekers and political Judges, that such a course is one not fit to be taken 7 To put down quietly and without an eflort, at one fell swoop by a tremendous majority, any man who in violation of the constiiution will keep up niggerism, and any Judge who will dabble in the muddy waters of politics? Aye, it is a thing to make a man thank God that he is a Pennsylvanian, and a Democrat. The Empire State has been redeemed gloriously. The scales have almost fallen from the eyes of abolitionized Ohio. lowa is secured, and the young State of Minne sota arrays herself on the side of the coun try, the constitution, and the Democracy.— Kansas will be a free S'ate, under the ad ministration of James Buchanan, in spite of the efforts of the Black Republicans to the contrary; and under the strong and con servative rule of the Democracy, the occu . pation of the freedom sbriekers will soon be entirely gone. Need we moralize upon the downfall of Black Republicanism, as certified by the re cent elections? To the people of the United States, the sudden destruction of that party carries a leßson we trust they will never for get; and the calm and conservative position of the democratic party is a monument of their safety; no less than the snags of the laite Republican party are of the danger just escaped. The American Agriculturist. This standard Agricultural Monthly is de cidedly the best and cheapest publication of the kind now issued in ibis country. It con tains lbs best and simplest practical instruc tions in the varions branches of Farming and Gardening, and cannot fail to be immensely valuable to every one engaged in the culti vation of the toil. It baa recently been great ly enlarged, and each number now contains 32 large quarto page*. A new volume com mences with tbe January No , and all sub-1 sqribers who tend in Iheir names during No vember will receive tbe November and De camber numbers of this year gratis, and iu addition, three psckageeof valuable seeds.— Price only one dollar in advance. Aildreu Orange Judd, 189 Water Street, New York. A*erle*a Horses la Knglaad. Without being exaotly in favor of horse racing, we confess to some little chagrin, when at the few first races iu England Mr. Tea Broeck'a American horses wers so bad ly beaten. Since than however, he ha* re t rieved bis fortunes. Prioress after a very ex citing race won very handsomely ; and lately his two year old "Belle" won the oop al New Market. Mr. Ten Broeck will hardly establish tbe superiority of the American bred race horse, but he baa shewn that with training, even in ike very, to us, singular mode of racing in vogue in England, the Ameriean horse is by no means a contemptible adversary. KXPI.OSIOM.—We leatn, says the Berwick Gazelle, tbat the Locomotive Engine, Robert Mor ri, blow op it Hacleton on tho morning of Tuesday last, killing tha Engineer and Fireman, and badly scalding seveial bystan ders. Tbe body of the Fireman was blown * upon the top of an adjoining bouae. REMOVAL.—The post office in Berwick has been removed from Messrs. McHenry & Ow en's Store into tbe Office of tbe "Berwick; GuzclU," and Levi F. Irwin appointed Post master, vice John J. McHenry, resigned. QT We understand that Ibe Furnace ant iron ere land of Samuel R. Woods, at Re< Bauk "-•'•51 townafcip,l* u birrs : i j b tf ?• J)) / i ■oDioinr t'Mnty Attain. /A town meeting was recently belli at Dan ville to take measures for building a matket house, because the Merchants will aot re duoe the price of provisions. This hes been a crying evil in many places. Laborers generally "are willing to work for less in these hard times; but then, too, they want to buy for less. We know that in this vi cinity $lO per barrel for flour was extorted, tor some time after the article had fallen to 'B6 per barrel in Philadelphia, and was sell ing at $7 60 in Wllliamsport. The publication of the Danville Intelligen cer is continued by Mrs. Valentine Best as proprietress. Oscar C. Kepler is engaged as editor, and seems to discbarge his duties with ability. The Danville Poor house has proved too smalt for the great number of applicants, and new buildings are being erected as ad ditions. There are many depredations and thefts committed by the persons thrown out of em ployment at the Iron works. HLAOKWOOB, foi 'October, has been receiv ed from the publishers, containing the usual varisty sf interesting articles. The follow ing ra its table of contents : What will he do with it—By Pisaslralns Caxton—Part V; New Seaside Siodies—No. V. Jersey; Modern Light Literature—Society; Our Hsgiology; Scenes of Clerical Life—No. III.; Janet's Re pentance —Part IV.; Belooehe Tisils; Teach ing and Training: A Dialogue; The Haunt ing Face; From India; The Syrian Route to the East. Terms—payment to be made in cdvanoe. For any one of the four Reviews $3 per an. For any two " 5 " For any three " 7 " For all four of the Reviews 8 " For Blackwood's Magazine, 3 " For Blackwood and three Reviews 9 " For Blackwood and the 4 Reviews, 10 " Address Leonard Scott & Co., 79 Fulton Street, New York. t# 1 No class of men have been more af fected by the financial troubles, than ike liq uor dealers and restaurant keepers in our large cities. It seems meu can govern their appetites and quit their indulgences, when their notes are in danger of protest. Many of Ike principal liquor saloons or. B-oadwoy are about to be closed, the receipts being daily considerably less than the expenses.— One saloon near the Si. Nioholas hotel, which averaged 8100 per day in il9 receipts, does not now take in 85, and is advertised for sale. This fact proves that the gentlemen can and will retrench and that they have abandoned habits tbst are at all limes and under any circßmstances, expensive and pernicious. They can therefore appeal with good grace to the ladies to economise. EVIDENCES OF "OVERTRADING." —The Ln zern; Union of last week came to us with nine columns of closely printed Sheriff's sales. A few years ago every body rushed to Luzerne count) to make their fortunes in coal lands, and almost every font of proper ty contiguous to the Delaware, Lackawanna and Blnomsbu'g Railroads was bought up at enormous prices, (on credit of course) to be paid onl of the proceeds of the sales of coal that wss to be dug therefrom. The specula lion in most instances has proved a failure, and now the Sheriff is reaping a harvest from the folly of the speculators. Ho! FOR THE KROUT.—Twenty-five heads of cabbage myalerioosly disappeared aome time during the night, on Wednesday last, from the market wagon of Mr. John Hole, in Penn Street. He brought it tor hie custom ers, who were, of course, disappointed ir. their supply of krout. It seems that Mr. H. arrived at the stand a few hours before the opening o f the market, which he appropria ted to himself by taking a short nap, ir> the wagon. While perfectly unconscious, the thief slipped the cabbage from under him and got off salely with his plunder. A theft on a mammoth scale was perpe trated on the truck farm of Mr. A. Miller, near tbe Kotztown road, above the Steam Forge. Three hundred heads of cabbage were stolen, on Tuesday night last, and noth ing has since been heard of them.— Reading | Gazelle. OUR EXTRAVAGANCE.—Nothing can afford at a glaoce a clearer insight into the universal prevalence of luxury in tbe United States than the fact that during the fiscal year end ing June 30, 1856, we imported eilk piece goods to the amount of 855,000'000, other silk goodsjto the value of 86,017,115, laces $1,601,610, embroideries $,4,664,353, ma king altogether over thirty-seven millions of dollars. Thee are the things which run away with the wealth of tbe country. A Haas MONET STATE There is nothing but specie in Arkansas, there being no banks. Taxes are paid in gold and silver, and tbe State pays nothing but the "hard" out. The State Treasury ie well provided with gold and silver, having more than will keep the Government two years. ATTENTION POSTMASTERS!—The Postmas ter General has recently decided that if Post masters do not give publishers of newspa pers notice when their papers remain in the Post Offices without being taken nut by the subscriber, witbin five weeks, they are liable for tbe pay. HF*The Bradford Reporter, the home or gan of Mr. Wilmot, barely announces the result of the election, without sny comment. The Reporter succombs without a raurmer. tWThe last steamer from California brings a rumor tbat it ii tbe intention of the Mor mon* to go into tb# Russian possessions in America if worsted in the quatrel with the United Slates. HP" The Philadelphia and Sunbory Rail road waa sold in Suobury, at Sheriff's sale, on last Monday, to tbe Wbeland Brothers, >1 Philadelphia, who were (he aecood raort xge holders. IllilM ILKS OF 1 BXatS, We all remember the delightful descrip lions which early writers gave ol the territo ry comprised within the limits of the state of Texas, its health, salubrity and beauty njay be ail that poets delight to paint; but on its magnificent plains, and in ita illimita ble forests are animals, suoh as, toads and frogs, and "such small deer," of which Gold smith never dreamed in his animated Nature. A late writer thus speaks of the reptiles of Texas: The cattle are not the whole occnpatits of prairie, by any means. Droves of wild hor ses are not (infrequent,and deer are in count less numbers. The smell brown wdlf is quite : common, and you occasionally get a glimpse of his large black brother. But Texas is the paradise of reptiles and creeping things, Rat tle and moccasin snakes are 100 numerous even to shake a stick at. The bite of the for mer is easily cured by drinking raw whiskey till it produces intoxication: But for the lal | ter there is no cure. The tarantula is a pleas ant institution to gel into a quarrel with. He is a spider with a body about the eize of a hen's egg, and his legs five or six inches long, and covered with long, coarse black hair. He lies in cattle tracks; sod, if you see him, meveout of hispaih, as his bite is absolutely certain death; and lie never gets out of any one's way, but can jarnp eight or ten feet to inflict his deadly bite. Then there ia the centipede, furnished with in on limited number of legs, each leg formed with a cMw, and each claw inflicting a separate wound. If he walks over yon at night you will have cause to remember him for months to corns, as the wound IB ofa particularly poisonous natuTe, and is very difficult to heal. The stinging lizard is a lesser evi', the sen sation of its wound being likened to the ap plication of a red hot iron to the person ; but one is to thankful to escape with life to con sider these lesser evils annoyances. But the insecls! flying, creeping, running, digging, buzzing, slinging, they are everywhere. Ask for a cup of water, and there the rejoinder n our camp is, 'Will you have it with a hag or without it?' The horned frog is one of the greatest curiosities is perfectly harmless. It has none of the cold, slimy qualities of his northern brother, but is fre quently made a pet of. Chameleons are in numerable, darling over the prairie with in conceivable swiftness, and undergoing their peculiar change of color ot the object nnder which they may be. The woods on the banks of the bayous are perfectly alive with mockingbird-, most beautiful, and feathered game is abundant and very lame, or.d is scarcely ever sought alter. The only varie ties that I have seen are quails, partrigea, snipe, mallard, plover and prairie hens." A Case under the New Slay Law. An important and interesting question was presented to the District Conrl of Philadel phia, on Saturday morning, arising nnder the recent Act of 13lh October, 1857, allowing a stay of execution for one year. In May, 1857, John Sidney Jones confess ed a judgment in favor of Haggerty & Co., for $2400, to secure the payment of three promissory noiee of $BOO, on condition that if any one of them should mature and be un paid lite plaintiffs should have execution for the whole amount of their debt. On the 13th of Cclober, 1857, the day the new Act be- I came a law, the first note became due and was not paid. OB the 14th of October, the plaintiffs issued an execution for the whole amount of the claim, and the defendent uow comes into Court and asks a stay of execu tion for one year from this time. Judge Parsons, on behalf of thv defendant offered to show that the defendant was the owner in fee of certain real estate, worth be yond all incumbrances, the amount of the judgment. David Webster, Esq., for plaintiffs, object ed to the right of the defendant to have a further stay, and contended— Ist. That the agreement on which the judg ment was confessed, provided that an exe potion might issue, if any one of the notes remained unpaid; that this was a contract between the parties, end that the recent act giving the defendant a stay beyond the pe riod contracted for violated the 10th section of article Ist of the Constitution of the U. S. Mr. Webster argued ibis point at great length, and referred to numerous decisions, among which were Bronson vs. Kinzie, 1 Howard, Sup. Court Rep. fU.S ;) McCracken vs. flay ward, 2 Howard; Grantley's Lessees, 3 How ard; Eberie vs. Cunningham, 3 Wharton; Western Savings Fund vc. The City, Law Journal. 2prohibiting among them selves the institution of slavery. They per muted attd legalized it so long as tlwy 'thought proper, sad'when the time arri/ed that-it wes expedient and right to eradicate it, Ihtly did so without dictation from any lor eigh authority. Neither the British crown, the continental Cougiess, or the government of the United Slates, ever spoke to Penn sylvania in the tone of command upon this subject. We decided for ourselves, as the best judge of our own interests and welfare, and we could hsve justly spurned any in junction issued from an alien authority. All the northern States of the old thirteen who participated in the Revolution and won their liberties by the power ol force, enjoyed the same exclusive jurisdiction over the same question. This principle of local control and legislation is as prominently stamped 1 upen the political policy of the northern States as any of which history holds the re cord. Pennsylvania, for gnod reasons, foun ded in policy and principle, abolished, in 1780, the institution of slavery within her holders; q*d Mf}did this in a manner as just as it was beneftuent and salutary. Not promp ted by the blind, inoalculaling spirit of mod ern abolitionism, she accomplished the work gradually, and nnder conditions as little op pressive as possible upon individual rights and existing arrangements. Is there any solid objectioa against extending to the peo ple of Nebraska the same rights which we have enjoyed and exercised? Are republi can principles to be varied by location and geography, so that what is right along the waters of the Susquehanna shall be consid ered criminal upon the prairies of the far west, and at the bae of the Uocky moun tains ? Can Massachusetts, or New York, or Maryland, deny to their people who have gone westward, rights which have been nei ther denied or questioned in the States from which they emigrated ? What spirit of evil it this which rises up in our midst, and invokes us to a work of oulrage and wrong? Have the republican citizens of the Territories no right to com plain that the general government should at tempt to dictßte their institutions, and de prive them of a jurisdiction over their own concerns which has been enjoyed by the olden Stales of the Union? TTl'y have res cued, and are rescuing, the region in which they have settled, from its deserl condition, and have made, and. are making it, fit for the habitation of civilized man. The forests have fallen before tbem; the savage has re tired as they have advanced; they have sub jected alike prairie, mountain, and valley, to the dominion of labor and industry, and hsve swollen the wealth and extended the limits of the republic. And shall they have no rights except such as are doled out to them from a government located at the city of Washington ? Shall their laws be framed and imposed upon them by representatives of Hartford, Bosion, and Baltimore? or shall they, free lrsm congressional interference— free from the dictation of representatives they have no voics in electing—shape their own institutions aid the laws under which tbey are to live V' "We would resent, fh Pennsylvania, to the utmost, any encroachment of the federal government upon our just and reserved righte. And why should we, therefore, as sist in extetding Congressional interference into the Territories of the Union. The hurn blo emigrant who goes out from amongst us, our relative, neighbor or friend—should car ry with hi mj to bis new home in the west, the same republican principles, which prevail in the locality from which he emigrates.— There is no reason why he should forfeit any of bis riglfls as an American citizen, by a removal into the Territories—the common properly of the United States. Sir, when this principle of local power squares exactly with the national interests, in removing the question of slavery from the field of Con gressional debate, and secures the peace and harmony of the States in their rela'ion to each other, that man must have bad motives, or most be greatly or grossly mistaken, who would oppose its adoption." Ftom the Public Ledger. H*a THIS PANIC COMB WITHOUT WARNING. —Every body complains that these hard time* have taken them off their guard, ta ken them at unawares. Had they only known whst was coming three month before, they would have bean ready and not have suffered, bat this time the pretture has come without warning. To this, ihd easiest reply la that If every one had been on hit guaid, the penie would not have occurred at ail. The disease that carries a man to the grave never seems se rious until 100 late, or a little medicine or precaution might have saved him. So there would have been no undue expanaion, and therefore no collaps, if people had only been on their guard. It is Just because the oldest and moat experienced financiers and whole eale capitalists were completely at fault in their expetallons that these hard times have come. The great question then is, are there no warning* by which this cries might be fore seen by men ol sagacity ? Was the experi ence of 1837 nothing? it reminds us of the story of death promising a yoong man three sufficient warnings before he cutis again to fetch him away. A* be grew old, he be came deaf, then hi* eyes failed him, and than he grew lame, tod could only sit in bie-eaey- eltair. But be could eat and drink and sleep and laugh, until one day death called and told him he had come for him. The man complained that Death had net fulfilled bis promise, and said that he was the. more unprepared that bit hear ing and sight had failed him, and that he was not able to get about so as to pick up ibe newe of Death's approach. Of course the man was convicted out of his own mouth. The lameness and lose of sight and bearing ware the three sufficient watnigs, had he on ly so considered them. Now it it jost thus withtheae panics. They have given different warning*, all of which bare been laid down in woiks of political economy, time mil again. , For instance we hare had large iaraea of ' paper money and high price*, in hie politi cal Economy, p. 208, Dr. Wayland baa said, "large issues and high prices create of neces sity mercantile distress and stagnation of business." Could an>thing more exactly have described oar times of late? Paper has been pathed into circulation by all sorts of expedients. Bank notes from the Eastern Stales have been sent nut West on purpose that they might ben long time before they could reach home for redemption. Still lar ger sums bare been loaned to railroad and other companies, on the express condi tion that they should nol'be put into circu lation, except in the WeB',-snd then they have been taken at once to the brokers in New York. Look at the New York Banking capital, how it has grown within a few yeara And so it has been all over the country. Now here was in heelf a fall and sufficient, warn ing, and the question is, why did not the knowing ones see it? Simply because it came on them by degrees, as deafness comes on the old man, or the in activity that, by la king away his powers of exercise, makes him locflt only the fuller in the face until stricken down by applexy. Every one said, it is true, prices are getting higher and high er, but it ia caused, not by extentior. of pa per, but by the influx ol gold. Or il they, examined and satisfied themselves that there were large issues el paper money, and that serioua times were coming, they looked for them only fir ahead, and made sure that things would remain all right till they had realized from this and that speculation. But then this very influx of gold was in itself also a warning to a wise man. Look at the times when gold has increased rapid ly ia any country, and it will be found that it always has produced immense mercantile fluctuations. This is well known, and ex pressly laid down in Wayland'* Political Economy. The reason is plain. The influx if gold, causes a great rise in other property, because gold is made cheaper. It makea it easier, therefore, to pa) debts. Hence every body wishes to pay property on credit, be cause it is sure to become dearer, and the money cheaper, and they strain that credit till it snaps. Hence, with a rising tide of gold coming into a country, speculation is sure to life and panic to follow, and depressions and fluctuations of all kinds. How then were the capitalists deceived? They knew it was coming, but (hey thought not yet. Besides, in 1854, there wast lightness and M w£t\ of panic in Nsw York, but it passed away. Every one supposed that things had been probed to the bottom then, and it had been shown that there was nothing unhealthy or speculative in the movemeut. Hence they argued that if all those investments were not bobbles, they would go into them further. And further they went, especially in Western lands. The disproportionate and enormous Invest ment of capital in real estate, such as lands and costly houses, most of which were un productive, was another sign equally, certain of a coming panic, For most of it was dune on credit, and oapital was thus locked up. Here, then, where three sufficient warn ings, yet none heeded tliera. Now the ques tion is, to what extent the same causes have been operating in England. In France we know tbey have, by the high price silks had reached, and.the costly buildings in Paris. Wherever they have, and in the same pro portion, this panio will be felt. From the Lancatter Intelligencer. THIS TA It IFF HUMULG- The small fty among our political oppo nents continue to attribute the present mon etary embarrassment of the cnuHtry to what they term the "Free Trade policy of the Democratic party." They tried to coax the people or Pennsylvania, by preaching this doctrine, uowilhstanding David Wilmot was one of the most ultra free trade men in Con gress in 1846, and voted ir. favor of the tariff bill of that year and against the pet bill of 1842. But the people of Pennsylvania hnd experienced too many years of profitable labor under the tariff of 1846 and could not be made to put faith in what the opposition press said upon the subject Protection. If the opposition parties were sincere in their advocacy of a Protective Tariff why did they nominate David Wilmot, a renegade free trade Democrat I The whole hue and cry about Protection just now ii made by the opposition to shield the Banka and speculators, and to mislead the people. I It cannot be possible, saya the Delaware Gazette, that the Black Republican and Know Nothing papers have forgotton that the last Congress was oontrolled by men opposed to the Democretio party. Do they not know that Lewis D. Campbell, one of the Black Republican leaders :n the lest Black Repub lican Know Nothing House of Representa tives—the second of Burlingame, of "meet me at the Clifton House" memory,—was the Chairman of the Committee on Waya and Means?— Have thy forgotten that this noto rious member of tbeir parly, (Mr. Campbell,) introduced ■ bill wbioh reduced ihe duties on goode coming into the United Stales below those of Ibe act of 1846. The tariff bill of 1846 was repealed by the Black Republican House of Representatives, and the substitute for that act approached nearer the free trade slanderd, end went into operation with the sanction of the opposition press, on the Ist of July last- The tariff of 1846 was not in operation at ail, when the present embarrassment of the country commenced. It bad been a dead letter for three month. It is true that a large amount of gooda had been bought end warehoused under the tar iff of 1846; bnt these purchases had been made with a view of seooriog large profits by enteriog them under the lower duties of the new tariff. It is a'fortunate, we might say Providential circumstance, (bat the Demooraiio party will be once more in the aaoendenoy in the Na tional Congress in December next. It is the only party that the country has ever been able to look to lot radraaa in lira** of trouble—and to it will the people look to ef | feet • mote solid basis for the currency. From Ike Daily Peimnyluanian. Shocking HiidefArrralol the Marderer. Kxcilement—lnquest bjr the Coroner Ax- Aboul twenty minutes pot 5 o'clock yes terday afternoon, one of the moat thochiog end fatal tragedies which it has ever been oar lot to record was perpetrated at the St. Lawrence Hotel, on the sooth side of Ches nut street, .between 10th and 1 lib streets.— As Ist as we can lesrn the facts, it appears that Mr. Richard' Carter, the President of the Anthracite Bank of Tamaqoa, Schuylkill co., arrived in the city and took up his quarters at the above hotel yesterday. A few days pre vioiiMto this a young man, who gave his name as Thomas Washington Smith, arrivsd here from the South and pot op at Madison House. At the above hour yesterday after noon Carter and Smith were observed silling upon a sdfa in the corner of the parlor front ing on Cheanul street. There was nothing exciting in their manner, and the casual ob ■ervor would have supposed thai they were engaged in the most friendly conversation.— They occupied their seats for a considerable length of lime, when Smith drew from his pocket a Colt's revolver. Both parlies arose from their seats, when the former commen ced firing npon the -latter. At the third dis charge Carter fell fatelly wounded, but Smith fired two mora loads into the body of Ihe wounded man qthile lying prostrate upon the floor. The sudden and rapid dischrage of the revolver nstnrally attracted to the room almost ever one in llie house, and for a while Ihe place was the scene of the wildest ex citement. The appearance of the dying man { npon the floor, in a pool of blood, and the coolness of the murderer who quietly walked ofl, and the terror which was depicted on ev ery countenance ir. the room was a scene well calculated to chill the blood and strike terror to the hearts of the spectators. The wounded man died in a few momeits and was conveyed to his room in the upper part of Ihe building. The vital spark had fled before the body was picked up. Officer Albright, of the Reserve corps, who hap pened to be in the vicinity at the time, took Smith to the Central Police Station, where he appeared perfectly cool and collected. The officer searched the prisoner and found upon bis person a handsome six barrelled revolver aud an enormous bowie knife. Five barrels of the revolver had been discharged, the other one still heavily loaded with a ball. The knife was about two feet in length and the blade about two and a quarter inches in breadth. It was enclosed in a red leather case, upon which was inscribed in black ink, '•Thomas Washington Smith, Da Bow's Re view, N. 0., Washington, D. C." At seven o'clock a bearing took place be fore Aid. Eneo. STATEMENT OF THE ACCUSED. After Smith hsd been placed in the cell he expressed a desire lo make a statement, but the officers generally declined listening to him. He alleged that he was a Southerner —a high-minded, gentlemanly man, who would not be guilty of a mean act; that he had met Mr. Carter at the coal mines in the interior of this Slate and thought that he was an honorable man—one in whom he could place the moat implicit confidence. He also met a young lady at a seminary in the inte rior with whom he became fascinated—in love—and whom, he learned was an adopted daughter of Mr. Carter. He consulted with Mr. Carter upon the subject, when he in formed him that the girl was everything that was virtuous and good, everything that a man could esteem s estimable in n wife.— Soon after this he married her and they re moved to their home. Soon after thie mar riage he discovered that all was not riiht — that his wife was pregnant, and that in four months from the date of the marriage cere monies, she gave birth lo a child. He also alleges that while Ibis girl was at school as his adopted daughter, under the professed protection of Mr. C., there was an improper intimacy between them, and that the child belonged lo Mr. C. He also learn ed that there hail been illicit intercourse be tween his wife and Mr. C. since their mar liase on more than one occasion, and hav ing been cruelly deceived by a man in whom he had the utmost confidence, and smarting under the wrongs to which he had oeen subjected, be determined upon revenge. He expressed no regrets or fears of the re sponsibility incurred by the perpetration of such a terrible deed. He expressed a desire thai H. C. Town send, Esq., should be sent lor, as he had consulted him upon the subject. Another legal gentleman, who was in the office dur -1 ing the investigation, said the deceased had called upon him a fow days ago, and consult ed him in regard to a divorce. He did not think that at their interview Smith had the remotest idea of committing a murder. The prisoner is about 33 years of age, rather thin ly built, and has black whiskers. After he was placed in a cell in Moya mensing Prison, he thanked the officers for their extreme kindness to him, and said to offier Allbrigbt that be should accept the re volver from him as a present for his gentle manly conduct, and for protecting him from the crowd. He also told Lieut. Dickhart to take the Bowie knife. From the Penntylvanian. CREDIT-ITS BASIS. Is not the present lime a fit opportunity to put the important question, how Is the pres ent credit system of our country supposed, and ask the serious attention of oor business men to a csrelol consideration of the answer? No nation can exist without credit. All bu siness circles and commercial communities must make use of it to a greater or lesser de gree, according totheoiroumstances by which the nation or people are surrounded. No man can at all limes command an amount of available means commensurate with the demands of his business—nor can a nation expect each year to 'have a full and over flowing treasury. Trade,commerce and man ufactures may and will gat in the advance of that rest capital on which they depend for life and vitality, and credit must then come in and represent temporary the substantial foundation on which these greet national in ternals rest. When credit is thus used it is legitimate, and cannot be productive of in jurious consequences, at it will neither ex- pand beyond a safe and prudent point, nor tempi men to embark in wild and, spatula rivo enterprises, tits end ol whiH must be not only the distraction o* eredit, but Ihe prostration for a>tim, wren of those enter prises which are based upon real capital Bui the inquiry ia, hew is our present sys tem Of credit supported—upon what basis does it rest'? -Tim State bus made use ofile credit; the different corporations pel Ihait'e in the market; railroads 'hare 'been built, equipped and pot m motion by ihe use of credit; municipal corporation! came upon 'Change as customers, and bartered their ptomisM to pay in the future for so much present gold, and the buainesa community, catching Ihe infection, acted opoo the same general principle. Itwvas •onsdil—al! credit —until the whole business transactions of the eoaoisy was demoralised and each man rushed wildly on without regard to ike fu ture or the possibility of meeting obligations st maturity. The people of tbe several Stales borrowed money and issued Siae bonds, to be paid twemty, 'filiy or sixty yesrs from their drfte. These were put into the marker, and upon the tfaitb of soch evidences of in debtedness other parties mads loans, and thus the debt was increased, the credit widened. Railroads graded a few miles -of their tinea and then mortgaged them for iron end Other materials to prosecute the enterprise. Mu nicipal corporations issued their promises to Railroad companies, and npon these money was obtained, and thus credit was absolutely based upon debl. It is not to be supposed that tht business community could or would long remain unaffected by such e false and potnicioas system credo. The spirit of spec ulation was luringmento embark iu schemes which promised princely returns, and thus tempted they give way, entered the arena in which this struggle was going on, and soon became engaged in it and forgot or overlook ed all those lessons of wisdom and prurience which had heretofore guided them- 11l litis wild anil wicked extension of cred it Ibe Banks bare acted a most conspicuous part. Not one provision of their charters have been obeyed in a spirit of faireeas and justice to the community. They have posh ed their circulation beyond the point pres cribed by law, and used the unlawful indebt edness thus crested for the purpose of basing upon it mercantile and commercial credit. The Banks were aware of their entire inabil ity to meet their obligations with the people —in other words, they could not pay their debts if called upon, aud yet they loaned these fraudulent promises to pay to their cus tomers, and thus ts in the municipal corporations, supported the credit by the cre ation of debts—and thai 100 with a full know ledge that such debts could not be paid. This system held together just so long as the labor ol the country could support it; when it was forced beyond that point, Ibe babble burst. It then become impossible to still further declude the Deople with promisee to pay in the future. They needed something to redeem that credit upon which the business of the country was baaed. Tbis could not be obtained and bence the panic and consequent suspension. Is it not apparent, that if we are to have credit, i'. must be supported by more relia ble means in (be future! The idea of basing credit upon debt is suicidal to all those prtn- * ciples of political economy on which the prosperity of a nation and people depend. No man is justified in issuing an obligation without being certain that it will be met at maturity, much iqss should such liabilities be used by others as a basis upon which to erect accumulated indehtednese. This prin ciple will also hold good when applied to State, corporations or institutions. What salety is (here in any syetsm of credit which presents no security but promises, the redemp tion of whirh is subject to suspicion et all ! times, but doubly so when years must expire before the tet can be legally applied and the question of their sufficiency absolutely de termined. The folly of depending upon such supports in a young and growing country, ie made clear by the present mercantile crash. There has been an abundance of credit, but of what avail was it when most needed f The country is rich in material wealth, but false credit, based upon an inflated paper currency, had banished from active circula tion the representative of a nation's wealth and prosperity, increased the indebtedness of the people,decreased their means to lay, and thus paralyzed the right arm of industry. The remedy for the evil eonsita in getting nearer a cash system ID all transactions, anil shortening the period for which credit will be extended. But firsl remove the great stumbling block to any reform—our vicious paper money system, by which all schemes looking lo a reform of tbis abuse of credit' will be frustrsted. While it is within the power of a few men controlling the moneyed inaiiloliona of onr Stats or nation, to expend or contract the volume of currency, and thus derange all legitimate business calculations, it is idle lo hope for, or expect a sound, healthy, credit system. It will be extended over a wider surface, and thus made more mischievous in its effects upon the stability of our merchantile manufacturing and com mercial interests. Wbils, therefore, the Banking system ie under consideration with a view to its thorough revision, and the in-' troduction of mora coin Into our cnrrency, if will be well to examine the grounds on which the credit system of the nation stands, remodel it in accordance with the facts pre sented at the present crisis. t3T The Stockholders of the Dar.ville Bank at their meeting on lat Monday, accepted the Relief Law passed at the extia session of oor [legislature. Or The Masonic Order of the United Stales numbers three hundred thousand per sons, and includes a large portion of all tho distinguished civil, military and professional men. Tut Gant Caop* or C*i.troa**.—Tho grain crops of California are this season largely in excess of the consumption. Tho San Francisco Herald says the State must soon be exporters of agricultural produce, the only drawback being the difficulty of finding a near market.