PRESIDENT liUCIIANAN'S INAUGU
RAL ADDRESS.
Fbllow Citizens:—l appear before you
tbia day 10 lake /be solemn oath "lhat I will
faithfully execute ibe office of President of
the United Slates, and will to the best of my
•bilily, preserve, protect and defend the Con
stitution of tbe United States." In entering
upon this great office, I most humbly invoke
the God of our Futbers for wisdom and firm
ness to execute its high and responsible du
ties in such a manner as to restore harmony
and ancient friendship anions; tbe people ol
the several Slates, and to preserve our free
institutions throughout many generations.—
Convinced that I owe my election to tbe in
herent love.for the Constitution and Ibe Uni
on, which still animates the hearts of the
American people, let me earnestly ask their
powerful support in sustaining all just meas
ures calculated lolperpetuule these, the rich
est political blessing which Heaven has ever
bestowed upon any nation. Having deter
mined not to become a candidate for re
election, I shall have no motive to influence
tny conduct in administering the Govern
rnont, except the desire, übly and faithfully
to serve my country, and to live in the grata
lul memory of tny countrymen. We have
recently passed through a Presidential contest
in whiyh the passions of our fallow citizens
were excited to the highest degree by ques
tions of deep and vital importance. P y nt
when the people proclaimed their wl.Vi, the
tempest at once subsided, and all was calm.
The voice of the majority, speaking in the
mannur proscribed by the Constitution, was
heard, and instant submission followed. Our
own country couid ulotto have exhibited so
grand and striking a spectacle of the capacity
of man for sell-government. What a happy
conception, thou, was it lor Congress to apply
this simple rule, "iltat the will of the majority
shall govern,'' lo the settlement of the ques
tion of domestic slavery in the,territories. —
Coneress is neither "to legislate slavery into
any territory, nor to exclude it therefrom, !
but lo leave the people thereof perfectly free
to form and regulate their domestic institu
tions in their own way, subject only lo the
Constitution of the United Suites. As a ttat
tiral consequence, Congress has also prescri
bed that when the Tcriitory ol Kansas shall
be admitted as a Stale tl shall bo received
into the Union with or without shivery, s
their own Constitution may prescribe at the
time ol their admission. A •lifferent opinion
has arisen in regard to the point of time when
the pooplo of a territory shall tiecidotho ques
tion for themselves. This is happily a mat- I
ter ol bill little practical importance; besides. j
fl is a judicial question, which legitimately ;
belongs lo the Supreme Court of the United |
tiiates, before whom it is now pending, and ,
will, it is understood, bo speedily and finally '
teltled. To their decision, in common with .
sll good citizens, I shall cheerfully submit,
whatever this may be. though it has ever j
been my individual opinion that, under the -
Nebraska-Kansas act, the appropriate period j
will be when the number of actual residents
in the Territory shall justify the format on ol
a Constitution with a view to it< admission
as a Slate into the Union- But be this as it '
may, it is the imperative and indispensable
duty of the Government of the United States,
to secure to every resident inhabitant the free 1
and independent expression ol his opinion b)
his vote. This sacred t a'u ol each Individ- :
vtsl must bo preserved. This being aoeont
plished. nothing can be fairer than lo leave
lbs people of a Territory free from all foreign
interference, to decide their own ~cs,.o\ lor
themselves, subject only to the Constitution
ol the United Slates The whole Territorial
question being ttiU settled upon the principle
of popular sovereignly — ;4 principle as :r
ciSlit ss f-ee government itsel:—every hlng
ol a practical nature h* be An decided. No
other question re mains lor adjustment, be
cause all agree that, under the C.nnstitution,
slavery in the S ales i bevot-d tbe teach ot
any human power except that ol tit' respect- j
ive Stateathemselves wherein it exist" Mm
we not. then, hope that the long agiuu ui o-i
this subject is approach.eg i.s end, ar.d Iha - ,
the geographical parties to which it has give
birth —so much dreaded by the Father ot hia >
Country—will speedily become extinct ?
Most hsppr w II it be tor the country when
the public mind shall be d.rerted from this
question to other* ol more pressing and prac
tical importance Throughout the whole pro
ves* of this agitation, which has scarcely
known any intermission tor mere .. an twenty
vests whilst it has been productive of re
poi.,ve good to any human being, it has
been the proline source ot great evils to the
mas.tr. to ihe slave, a.'d to the wl o,e coun
try. It tias aliens,ed a.~o pranged the peo
ple of sister Sates from es, h o'her. and has
even endangered the per* existence
of the Union. Nor has the dang-." f" 1 en
tirely ceased Under cur sys em titers." • *
remedy tor all mere po cal en.s in tt.f
eoer.d ee-sa and sober jadgmef of t u e pee- i
pie. Tune is a great coveo: re. Political i
•objects which but a tew y ears ago excited
and exasperated he rtf .r ru ed, have pass- ,
cd away and are tow rear'y er. b <
live question ct . roes; o S avery ,sot" far .
meant importance thar of any mew poh ot, t
qoer.ion. because shot-Id the >; at.ot en • >
lime, it bit sve'tst y e-d.v-ge- the per
teci saev ct' a Urge portion o' cot country t
mac where tit* i.-.s ac .on exists lrt tha <
event no form of Gcxonrces'. however ad
•imbue . "c", bewever v-od,>c: re of ma
tana, beetsfft,i t, c2i ccmpetsa t o- the lot* o
peace aed ion***,re sere- v a-:;:n :s :ts
tie altar. Let ererr U*lrh-S"vihi ma: nere-
Ae, exert his be*, ixfitteroe to erpr-Tss th.f
*£. aa oc, wt-cX. s-ao? is rece :.: .e o -"
f Cocgresa u vanee; a* y rftg -. * t# cc- wc.. i
J: it as r '>•*** - ii; t-ave i
M4anA*<£ rt caictU e zre 3>?-e trtsr.t. ;
eaee of A* Uwo*. Seanmed n <
hare beam p-eeer too ot tne pec-sr-a-v pec-a J
daoa mJtwm - -—w w?-v"2 wet *d rest tv 0 ,
4iflHKKSoa.es aid meuxst hf ® u d.-*e> :
gin. x&£ of the eoppa-a vr isiycj®* wtirfc
—* as Heerr: vrntdi isfrrt ee otber Sw es ;
srnd ew 'fan* Even seeeerid-ng ve rhas icw <
am* View •' iW migjhnr coewioe, t
anek are aa ixi.--—oe bare ref
eh*w e itoe newn- Wt p® .f *
t ime iiiiea_ki n t ti*t aa t >
. j i tlHj ■—'J *• •*- 1
■ I witnested. Thia trade is conducted on rail
roads and canals, on noble rivers and arms ol
, the sea, which bind together Iht North and
I j the Sooth, the Fast and the West of our Con
j-1 fedcracy. Annihilate this trade, nrreat its
. free progress by the gengruphioal lines of
I jealous and hostile States, and you destroy
; j the prosperity and onward march of the whole
~ j utid every part, and involve nil in one com
_ J mon rnin. Bui such consideralinns, import-
I ant as they are in themselves, sink into in
, j significance, when we refloct on Ihe lerriffic
I evils which would result from disunion to
every portion of the confederacy. To the i
North not more than lo the South—to the
F.asl not more than to the West. These 1 I
shall not uttempt lo portray, became 1 fee*,
ian humble confidence, that the kind Pre,vi
olence which inspired onr fathers will-, wU
i dom to Itume the most perfect form, of Gov-
I eritmeii*. and Union over devised by man,
r | will not sorter it to perish, Dtitil it shall have
j been peacefully tttslrumwntal, by its exam
' pies, in the extension, of civil and religious
> | liberty throughout ihe world.
| Next ill importance lo the niainlenanec ol
the v'otisiiif.iion end the Union, is the ditty of
| preserving the. Government Iree from the
, taint or even, tlio suspicion of corruption.—
; Public virtue is the vital spirit of Republics;
a I and history proves that when this has decay
. | 'id and the love of money has usutped iis
1 place, although thefotmsof freoGovernment
I may remain lor a sans on, the substance has
i departed forever.
'j Otir present financial condition It without
9 j u parallel in history. No nation lias ever be-
H j loro been embarrassed from too large a stir
' | pitta in its treasury. This almost necessarily
1 j gives birth to extravagant legislation. It
' I produces wild schemes ol expenditures nod
1 j begot* n rare of speculators and jobbers,
' | whose ingenuity is exerted in contriving and
' | promoting expedients to obtain public mon
i ey. The purity ol official agents, whether
" } rightfully or wrongfully, ia suspected, and
' | the diameter of the Government suffers in j
' | the estimation ol lite people. This is in itsell |
1 j a very great evil. The natural mode of rt lief j
from this embarrassment is to appropriate the .
surplus in the Treasury In gieat national oh- |
joots, for which a dear warrant can be found i
in the Constitution. Among these 1 might i
' mention the extinguishment of the public j
' debt, a reasonable increase of the Navy,— I
' which i at present inadequate to the protee-1
j lion of our vn*i turnings afloat, now greater
I limn that ol any oilier nation —as well us to
I the defence of onr extettsire sea coast. It is <
/beyond all question the principle that no
j ttioro revenue ought to be collected from the !
j people than the amount necessary to defray ;
i ihe expenses of a wise, economical and effi
| cioui administration of the government. To
j reach this point, it was necessary lo resort to
a modification of the tariff, and tins has. 1
| trust, been accomplished in such a manner ;
J as to do as little injury as may have been J 1
. practicable to our domestic manufacture*. !'
i especially those necessary lor the defence ot
j the country Any discrimination against a 1
pntiieitlar branch for the purpose o f benefit- 1
, iag favored corporations, individuals or icier- 1
' ete, would have been iinyns: to lb' rest ot '
! the community, nu-l inconsistent with that
spirit ol l.iirnoss and equality which ought
to govern in the adjustment ot a tevemia lar
' iff. But the squandering of the public money
sinks into comparative insignificance, ss a
temptation to corruption, when compared
v\ nil ihe squandering ol the public lands No
nati in in d e tide ot" tune has ever been bless
ed with so rich snd noble an inheri'ance ss
we et'toy in the Unblio I.ar.d*. in sdmint* t
toting this important trust, whilst it may be
vv.se to grant portions ol them for the im- ,
provement of the remainder, yet we should
never forget thai it is our cardinal policy lo
ptcsetve these land", as much as may be,
tor uc'tvsl sett ers, and this at moderate pri
ces We shall thus not orlv best promote
the prosperity of the new States and Tettito- i
ties, by furnishing t'icni a hardy and ittde
; pendent race of hardy am! industrious citi- ,
.-ens, but shall secure homos for Cttr children 1
a d oct children's children, as well as fori
i those exiles from foreign shores who nvsy
seek in ibis country to improve their eondi
, lion a d to enjoy the blessings of eivtl and
n-'igiou* liberty Such emigrants hsre done
ntui > to promote the growth and prosperity
of the country They have proved faithful ;
both it peace and tn war. After becoming cit-,
iietvs they ire entitled under the constitution ,
and laws, to be placed on pet fret equality
vv .h ra ;ve born citizen* and in t! ,s chsr- ,
a.-ter they should ever be kindly recognized
T: e Federal eons',i'ttt'on is a grant frem tie
< a - e to Congress to cetu.-i spec tie powers,
and the question whether ih s grant shou.-d ,
be 1 beraliy ct strictiy eoastrucd, has more or
less divided political par. es from the begin - ,
r.ittg Without entering into Ibe argtttrer.'.
1 do" e to state, a: the commencement c;
ntv ad ministration, that long experience ar.d
•vbse:ration have convinced nie that a strict
c.vsanction o: the powers of thcGovemment
< ihd o; iy ,:te. well as the on'y safe the
:-v c .e Con.sr.'Ption. Whenever, in onr
story, doubtful powers have been ox
f. sed bv Con rra*, these bar# never failed
to produce i. artoa* and unhappy eonsequen- ,
ces Mary s-.-.ch nught be addu
ce.-. .:" .his were the proper occaaicn. Ner
t:.er s cccessarv tor the put'-o service to
s ra..-. lie ,a. gnage of the Co.-.srHmion. be
cause a. .he great ard usetul potre. - * requi
re. a srozesstc! aJntiuiktrw'ion i"t the
u;ie- nre; t-o a peace ar.-d ;a war. fcave
Peer, graited e ,ier ia express terms, cr by*
,;e ? a res: .x; -rt Wt..st deeply c-gvn- ,
v.uze. ct .ijse :r:.x. 1 yet cz-rtf der :. c sar, < i
at. auie: .te xir-Btiltrg (exc: Congress •
ctay appropa.s ? rrrcey ioaxis the cat:- }
t -art-ri £-' arr a:y toad, w.-er ti. sis ab- (
so : ,-.: v "eressa-y tbe ar-core cd a: y
jcave or Ir.-r.ts" 4 - - le 4 " ' " r " . <
j C
g-ea* A*|voweu • e ♦£-.*: j- .
bdaafqa-t anrses pro*;us a-* 4 " 3,4 , -
:a,a a Hiiy a: - xc caJi fani a m- .a ■ i
-zepei itrxtix Taa* ia*l axt -
pie Bar nei srux lie waz mkirg fuvr,ti.e
eorrerpatid. rg cny ss recccvi dH *':t I
l"naeu SvAre* iti. pitec. end tt tcz (die i
ptmes) egnsr* itrnmos .*" Nc* c -s poaes- j
,> K n Son uu* praneexsoz c Gsadorun aid <
TVMC the Xerrtvones cite ,
lions of war may be speedily transported from
tlie Ailuniie Stales to meet and repel the in
vader. In the event of a war with a naval
povvSr much strongor than our own, we should
then have no other available access to the
Pacific coast, because such a power would
instantly close the route across the Isthmus
of Central America. It is impossible to con
ceive, that whilst the Constitution lias ex
ptessly required Congress to defend all tho
States, it should yet deny to them by any fair
construction, the otdy possible means by
which or.o of these Slates can he defended.
Besides, the Government ever since its origin,
ha', been in the constant practice ofconslruct
:mg military roads. It might also be wise to
. consider whether the love for the l/'mon which
, now animates our fellow-citizens on the l'a-
I cific coast may not be impaired by our neg
• j lect or refusal to provide for them in their
I remote and isolated condition, the only means
j by which the power of the Slates on this side
,of the Rocky Mountains can reach them in
i , sufficient lime to protect them against inva
sion.
I j 1 fin bear for tho present from expressing
! | an opinion as to the wisest and most eco
, j nomical mode in wtich the Government can
. | lend its aid in accomplishing this gree l and
; j necessary work. 1 believe that many of the
I difficulties iu the way which now appear
i j formidable, will in degree vanish as
'soon us the nearest and best route shall
i have been satisfactorily ascertained. It may
| be right that on this occasion I should make
I some brief remaik in regard to our rights
| and duties as a member of the great family
|of nations. In our intercourse with them,
| ttiere are some plain principles approved by
I our own experience Irotu which wo should
, never depart.
i We ought to cultivate peace, commerce,
attd friendship with all nations, ami this, not
merely as the best means of promoting our
own materia! interests, but in a spirit of Chris
tian benevolence towards fellow man wher
j over their lot may be cast.
J Our diplomacy should be direct and Irank,
j neither seeking to obtain more, nor accepting
less, than is our due. We ought to cherish
a sacred regard for the independence of ull
i nations, and never attempt to interfere in the
j domestic concerns of any, unless this shall
i be imperatively requited by the great law of
! ell-preservution. To avoid entangling alii
uiioen has been a maxim of our policy ovr
since ihe days of Washington, and ita wisdom
no one will utiempl to dispute,
j In short, we ought to do justice in a kindly
spirit to all nations, and require justice front
i them in return.
I It is our glory thai whilst other nations
' have extended their dominions by tho sword,
we have never acquired any territory except
1 by lair purchase, or as in the case of Texas,
1 by the voluntary determination of a brave |
kindred and independent people to blend their '
destinies with our own. Kven our acq nisi- j
sitions Iront Mexico form no exception. I'd- I
willing to tske advantage of the fortune ol ,
war against a sister Republic, wo purchased ,
these possessions under the treatv of peace
lor a film which was considetcd at the time
a lair equivalent. Out past history forbids
that we should in the Inture acquire territory, ;
unless this be sanctioned by the laws of Jus
tice and Honor. Acting on this principle, no
1 nation will have a right 10 interfere or 10
complain, if in the progress of events we
shall still further extend our possessions
Hitherto in ull our acquisitions, the people
under the protection of the American Flag
have enjoyed civil and religions liberty, as
well a* equal and just laws, and hare been
contented, prosperous and happy. Their
trade with the rest of the world has rapidly
' increased, and thus every commercial nation ;
has shared largely in their successful prog
ress I shall now proceed to tske the oath '
prescribed by the Constitution—whilst hum
bly invoking the blessings of Oivmo Provi- .
dtnoe on tins great people.
JAM Kb BUCHANAN. '
Philadelphia expedition to Neha-lopol.
An expedition from Philadelphia is about
to undertake what the all.ej army could not
effect. It is making preparations to enter
the harbor of bebastopol, not as a destroyer,
but to sutc national property from destruc
tion. Tho Russians, during the famous as
sault upon that city aunk ia the harbor IP#
vessels, including 15 line of bart'e ships, T .
it.gases. t> steam eta, and 10 brigs of war j
The machinery of the steamers of war, be- i
tore being suuk. was carefully covered w.tb
a preparation of tallow to prevent it jury from
the water. They were scuttled by boring,
three inch auger holes near iV.e water lute.
Mi. Johtt F-. Gcmen, of Roster, a; the soli
citation of a number of gentleman ci Pi i'.a
, delphto, went to Sebastopol. examined the
harbor, made bis plana, and agx.t.s; thirty
compel.tors frost France and K.g...cb
tamed from the Kmpercr of Buss a ...e con
tract to raise these ships. which are vx.oed
by the government at aix-y-nve r0...i0..i o:
dollars The expedition will consist of two
vessels, one of which leaves Philadelphia en
or about the first of April, and the se-cond
sooa after. The number of persons engage;
, to accompany it from this country is about
one hundred and fifty, and the hydrit ;
machinery is of the most colossal Jesertp
acriptios. The contract will take eighteen
months to perform, the Russian Goverumer:
furnishing fear thousand men to help is the
work. At Ker.oh. there are also soma five
or s,x Russ.i- vessels stark, which are in
c-'cded ta the contract and in the harbor cf
>ebas. opo". ihrtejare StV .\C-.V wortkjof cf i ";
and anchor*. which the French and English
tajew overboard, (rote inability to carry
then, off This contract is the greatest one
eTe: emerssi into, and a: anrlloatioa is new
ietc-e the F.xnsylvasla Leg s'a'ure to in
corporate the Company for the purpose cf'
-rose—ting the work foec-essfc y. Jofct;
locker. Esq, Dt. Mo.tw S- W.nkorsram aad
Mr Prmbory oi the Girafd Hosae. art the
scire mowers .a ;;e ecterp.ria■—Ledger
i-vo Lxiraca—lt is stated that
Bmme Ayre* bices—!Te best quality ia
anarsc,—nsa m Ftv York iat Wf cts i
per pocsd srld'n Jaw Jsse ISe price was 43
ftinf Txi< is ar cf fsij 65 per att- a
Months, though -die r*et reppy b
w lom sraa! •&' *= ©f '
ye*
1 STAR OP THE NORTH.
R. W. WEAVER, EDITOR.
Illoomabnrg, tVrilneaday, Atarch 11. 1857.
Democratic Nominations.
FOR UOVLRNOH,
' WILLIAM F. PACKER,
( of Lycoming County.
TOR JUDGE OF THE M'RKKMK COURT,
ELLIS LEWIS,
of Philadelphia.
FOR CANAI. COM MISSION KR,
• MM ROD STRICKLAND,
' of Chester County.
, . .
, Jl'DtiE Df.Att K.
Tha members of the new administration
are all man of national reputation. But Ihe
' appointment from Pennsylvania it especially
fortunate ; and the President could have
I found no man in the State of more vigorous
intellect and independent spirit than Judge
Black. His opinion in the Passmore Wil
liamson case is the strongest legsl production
I from the mind of an American lawyer since
Webster's famous speech in the Dartmouth
' Collega case. Ir. his public addresses he
uses language with an ease and grace, and
yet with a power that no Ameri'iatt of this
lime can equal His late address on Reli
' gious Toleration, of which we published a j
I good part, is a apscimeu ol his fine and fin
ished scholarship, as also of his clear and !
strong mind. But it is iu his legal opinions I
| that we see most plainly the line accuracy I
r with which he weighs the shades of every I
word's meaning, and his thorough familiarity
with each one's origin, history and use. f.e |
gal dissertations require this precision ol j
j language, but many a judge and lawyer has
, ; found the difficulty of being at once definite
, and t.ot prolix and tedious. Judge Black
I I does not use one word too many, and no
j word in his sentences could bo changed for
II a more pertinent one.
i I But there is another merit in this appoint-
J ir.eut, —Judge Black is not embarrassed by
• any politics! associations or obligations that
| can in tha slightest degree restrict hie entire
I independence ia his new position. Indeed
] we know that his temper would net submit
to be hedged ill by ativ ties or bonds, any
| more :lttt the eagle's spirit would bear to
bo caged. He will be n strong and honors- ,
bde part of the administration.
M ho Shall It lie.
! The removal of Judge Black to Washing
| ton will require tho Democratic party to
j nominste another Judge of the Supreme
; Court in his plsee. It the three present noaii
! nees w ere not all from the Kaetern end of the j
: State. William Strong, Ksq.. ol Reading. I
would no doubt be the most tit nominee j
But justice and discretion seems to require
\ the* vt candidate should be Item l\ Wm. j
Wm. A Stokes of Westmoreland, lu been
mentioned; but unless he is very different j
trom the other public men of that county a 1
better candidate ought to be found. Hope
well Hepburn ol I'litsburg, has the nepnta- i
lion of being a sound Ixtvyer: and eo too i
has Charles A black ol Greene, who served j
with ability as Secretary of State under Gov.
Btgler, and was some years ago a State Sen- j
ator. Judge Thompson of Krie, has capa- i
city lot the post:ion. but perhaps lacks some j
other requisite elements of character.
-
The New laitil Bill.
Just a* was to be expected, the Republi- ■
• cans iu Congress aided to pass a b'll redno- j
i-;g the tariff', while t ot one of them pro- J
posed a single measure of telle! for "bleed- ,
ing Kansas " Those good easy souls of the .
Opposition who once behaved that the -tariff" j
cry was in earnest, or who last fall shed
tears over the det.t.ls of -blood and murder"
in Kansas, can now open their eyes to the ,
tricK which demagogues played upou them, j
They can see that the jugglers who practiced
on their passions and prejudices rated ceuh- |
er for the tariff uor the "niggers," but ouiy
iter a slice ot the spoils.
Plenty or Aew Doctor*.
The Medical Colleges c! Philadelphia lust
| week c osed their winter course of lectures
and conferred the degree ot M. D upon such
• smden.s as had attended two courses of !ee
, turcs. Among the graduates at the old Jef
, ferson College are John C. Fruit, cow of
HxtUtou, but formerly of this county, ar.d
lVierH. Freeie. Among the graduates a:
the Fancy; van ia College are the follow ..-.g
young men from this county:—Robert H.
Brown, Char'.es M H El-sha IT. M. Lowe,
David R Delong and Cnarles H. Wilson.—
Trie degree ci M. D wlso conferred mi
Dr F. O Harrison of this plxoe. though he
tad formerly gra.iua'ed at another College.—
Tae Deonsy ivsr.ia is comparatively a ycur.c
rs' -.clion. bw it this year exhibits cuile a
respectable number cf graduates^
hew Books.
Mr. T. E Peterson, of Philadelphia, an
r.ou: res that be has published The B-orkr
Rrrci." a new novel bT F.rnersc- Betoett.
a-, acthor who has cow sc-ne ceiebnty as
•he ictbor ol "C.Ara Mcrtiar.d," "Tbaprarle
ffrwe:,"' and seme hx.; dr zei ether works.
The book is complete is two '.irge duodeci
mo vc',oes. rea. y brstd is paper cover
f for St tni tor that sum wil. be sen: free of
posaee to any pan of tie Us.tac States.
The szraa pobtisr.e: announces that on
next Sj c:c*y he wall publish '-Trria: toe
secret of acaer," by Mrs- K. D. N Soo'h
i worit. The wsrk is oo cocbt tail of thrii
. ling set :snt and cerroos ptctares; and
pm-si io bars a use fx the vxciuiUe
seesus acd skeaebes oi this dxrt of books
j wil fiuc it to faraish agieeabte readwg. In
ooc vr.Eme-eisebbkdißg-tz>e pries nil-15:
' ia two <;:eea, paper bardsrg. the price is
41. For -hw s mm the pabSsbev wiM mai
1 ocqnes by staM, fiwa of parage, to asy pgr,
' vi toe Utttnd bow
•
School CxiiXninntlou.
' On last Friday afternoon the public exam
ination of the Upper Grade School took plane
in the Academy of this town. The classes
I showed proficiency in their studies whioh
did credit to them and their teachers. The
class in Algebra was very good lor its time
of study. The advanced Grammar class
passed through very much such exercises
' in ''Young's Night Thoughts'' as makes a
part of the examination of teachers for tno
Gramuier schools of I'hiladelphia, and we
behove with an equal percentage of correct
urswers to the report of the Philadelphia
examinations. The youngest classes in Ge
ography ami Grammar, under Miss Morris,
could teach ono half the teachers oi our
county.
The exhibition of declamation and origi
nal reading was held in the evening at the
' i Mslliodisl Church, uud it seemed as if every
| human being of the district was there. The
, j exercises were well lor those of the first
, j pubhc school ever held in the place; and
. | would evidently have been much more in
, ; loreslitig tl the audience had not been so
, j large ami some of it not so disorderly.
, j We believe the school education of the
. | young in this town ia not to be complained
; |of iu the geneial. If only the Aomr education
, | and the slice! education were no worse, there
, j would not be those shametul cases of youth
, ! ful riotousnese, rowdyism, and obscenity
I | whicr. disgrace society. There nre in this >
' district 500 school children, whose minds ,
and characters are just forming and need j
daily training and culture. They arc grow- ,
ing tip for good or evil—for virtue or vice.— j
I And let uot any person deny that ho has at; |
interest in the training which these 500 tm- I
mortal minds receive. '-The child is father j
to the matt;" and lltoso youthful minds ate ]
the elements out of which will spting the j
social condition of tho next lew years. It
will be either upward and onward to an ele- |
vated and refuted sentiment of rectitude and '
social security and enjoyment, or downward
and backward towaid licentiousness, vio
lence and vice. If any man tee! sore iu the
purse alyut his school-tax, let him rolled
that a majority of tln-so children can receive
no private schooling, and that it is neither
si\f'e lor society uot just to the young that
tltey should receive only tho education of
the ilrrtl. Nor will it affect only those who
are allowed to become depraved, l'ha chil
dren of every family are as liable in their
moral nature to the contagions of vice as
the physical system is to the small-pox or
j the whooping-cough.
IV" The F.Jinburg Review for January has
been received Iront Messrs. Leonard Scott &
Co.. TO Ful on St., New York. The following
is the table of oontenta:
l'htlip 11. and his Times—ProseoU and 1
Motley ; Human Longevity ; Convocation ;
Fcrgusaou's Handbook of Architecture ; Ma- j
| can I ay's History of England : Rights and Li
abilities ol Husband aod Wife: French iwieiv j
• under the Directory; Scottish Lawyers and j
| Kitgltsli Critics ; Parliamentary Committees
and Uailway l.egistaiion ; India, Persia, and I
Afghanistan,
j TERMS—PAYMENT TO UK MADE tN ADVANCE. I
For any of iho a Ksv.an.*, ?.i per sun. i
For any two, h "
For any three, T "
i For ll four of ihe Reviews, 8 "
i For Blackwood's Magazine 3 "
For Blackwood and 3 Renews !' " |
For Blackwood and the 4 do 10 "
| Address I.FON'AUD SCOTT &Co , Tit Ful
Street, New York.
1 he ( obi set.
| The President selected the f.-llowtng per- |
i sons as the members ol his Cabinet, at.d j
I their nominations were immediately confirm- ,
. ed by the Senate.
i Secretary ef State—Lewis Cass, of Michi- 1
i gan. |
' Secretary of the Treasury—Howell Cobb,
i of Georgia.
Secretary of War—John L>. Floyd, ot Vir
-1 ginia.
Secretary of the Navy—lsaac Touccy. of
j Connecticut.
! Secretary of the Interior—Jacob Thornp
i son. ol Mississippi.
! Post Master General—Ansaa V. Brown, of
; Tennessee.
; Attorney General—Jeremiah S. Biack. of
| Pennsylvania.
Fire ai 1 nmaqun.
Oa Monday night of last week the Ma
chine Shop of the Little Schuylkill Company
1 at Tamaqna was discovered to be on fire,
' i and. before the destruction cou.J be arrest
ed, that buiidmg and several ad oining ones
; ; were entirely consnnied. The loss is e*.i
mated at SIO,OOO. ol which $5,000 is cov.
1 i ered by insurance in the Lycoming Company.
C On Monday ttight ol last week, a fire
i, occurred oa the Minersriile road, which con
■, fumed tour ot five frame dwelling houses
i The firemen were on the spot, but as the vra
-1 , ter does not reach that part of the borough,
: nothiag could be done to save the property.
The r.'.ght was intensely co'.l, and the scf
-1 , feting of those rttdereJ destitute by the fire
I very severe. The fire originated in a suble
I close by.
ScLUTAS.—The store cf Henry Shafer. at
■' Headleyrifie. was totally destroyed by fire on
I the ?2d c!t. Partially insnre-J, A shawl
accidentally caught fire, and in the endeavor
i' to quench it, a ficid lamp burst Toe
■ dwelling boose of J. B. Little, of Laporte,
narrowly escaped conflagration on the J9:h
.! clt. The fire was communicated by sparka
r alighting upon the roof. But little damige
f - was dooe Wm. Mey'.ert baa been e'ee
' ed Justice of the Peaee for Laporte borough.
i ■ IT" Socb of oar readers as like to enjoy
■ | good thicgi rn find Judge Black's Agncoi
• taral Address entire in the ' Star' of October
I J Jib, 1855. In oer paper of November J9,h,
: 1556, will be fonod a cbeice par. cf hb Ad
i '■ dress on Religious Toleration.
i . ——
ry Ttrey are talking of rannmg Judge
i Wiltot* for Governor oi Pennsylvania, says
I ihe SyracoM Journal. "They" did talk of
I running Fremont for PiMsdeat in the same
i Mate ia*)! fsP
the nkw tariff bii.u.
A Washington correspondent of the New
i York Timu has furnished a running ab tract
( of the new Tuiifl Hill just passed by Con
! press. It is the result of a compromise of
, conflicting views on the subject, and passed
, by a vote of 35 to Bin the Senate, and 124
, to 71 in the House of Representatives. It
! goes into full effect on the first of July next,
L nnd the now rales of duties to apply to all
, goods imported, but warehoused, in the
, meantime, as though the same had been
! imported after the SOlh of Juno. The im
mediate practical results aside from tha
main purpose to reduce the present redun
dant customs revenue about $14,000,000 per
annum on ihe enrtent scale of importation
will be to throw n large portion of the highly
dutiable goods now on the way from foreign
State into Public Storo, to await the opera
| tion of the new bill, and to postpone a con
i siderable share of the usual importations or
• dered for May and June until after the tsl of |
' July. Both will necessarily lead to the re- j
i dttced payment of rash duties into tho Sub- |
1 Treasury. What the effect will be after the |
! new bill takes new force, it is difficult ai j
j present to see. The measure, however, is j
well-timed, us the banks will bo better ena- j
bled nt mid summer to supply the first de- i
| mands of the importing iuietcst, to pay cash j
' duties upon the large sum ol goods withheld ;
| Irani the market until alter the Ist July, than J
,at any other season. The subsequent im- j
J portaliuiis will no doubt be heavy for ssvorsl 1
j winters, and the very serious apprehension is \
' that the reduction in some of tho schedules
1 of the act of 18 lit may while curtailing the
j revenue, afford undue encouragement to an
excessive scale of importation. Schedules i
of 1846 to 30 per cent, might have been I
7]iiiie sufficient to bring down tho revenue
to tho budget of (iovernment expenditure, ;
without interference with the original 30, j
25 snd CO per rent, schedules. But litis I
could not be done in the conflict ol opin- j
ions between the two Houses, and the j
broader principle of the Senate bill of Mr. |
Hunter had to be yielded to to secure the j
adoption of tha much enlargement of the j
Free List, so as to include wool and some !
I other raw material, and the drugs nnd dyes j
j employed in mamilucttiring, as contempla- 1
j tod nt the House bill of Mr. Campbell, its :
j well as to remove all danger of a mischiev- !
1 ocs redundancy in the public treasury. The '
j general arrangement of the modification of'
1 the schedules is thus:
t Old Rate, 100 40 30 25 20 15 io 5 Free.
a Re r> k f c, u i !
' New Rate, 30 30 24 IP 15 12 8 4 Free. |
j The tollowing leaJing articles are reduced j
| as here specified :
i In SxhtJulc .4 ft cm 100 to 3 $ per trnt. j
| Brandies, Cordials, Gin, Liqueurs, Ab-j
J synthe, Curacoa, Anack, Maraschino, Other
: Spirits.
I in StktduU It /rem 40 to 30 per catt. I
All wines in wood, Mannf. Tobacco, Ci- :
, gars. Champagnes, Ebony, Cut G'ass.
!h> Akf<Mt C /rem 30 to 24 pt> csnt, |
Silks, Fine Woollens, Firearms. Copper i
j Ware, Cutlery, Laces of Metal, Paper Fab
. lies, Cheese, Iron, iron Fabrics, Bonnets. t
i Combs. Clot hum. Jewelrv, Glassware. Chi
j nose Ware. Wiuo, bottled, Ale nnd Beer, So
; gars. Syrups, Molasses, KmbroiJercs, Tin
. Frabrics, Carpeting.
I:i Sckfifule If fio-t 25 to 10 rtr err:.'.
1 _ * I
Flannels, Bareges, Yarns, Cotton Laces.
I Mohair, Matting. Fabtics of Hair. Col on
Frints, Feathers, Floor Cloths. Cordage.
I
, Worsted Goods.
I !
I 'Jrt SAfiro/e D from 20 to 15 jxr crnl.
' Linens, Other Flax Goods 00. Cotton
I Hosiery, Hempen Goods. Paper and PerioJi
icals. Paper Hangings.
i'i Sch.'JuU Ffiom 15 to 12' per cent.
i Tow of Hemp, Tin Plates, Steel in Bars.
Tow of Flax, Brimstone, S.lver Leaf, Gold !
i Leaf, PU.v I'mnanuf., Diamonds.
I Mr. Campbell stated in his explanation : !
•'To# Hoi;-e Committee yielded to the
| amendment of the Senate which proposed a
; reduction of the higher schedules to thirty '
per cant., and in the compromise of the mat- '
' tot tkry hart procured substantially tktir fttt
Nst by yielding some immaterial points in I
' that respect "
Mark the Hypocrites 1
A bill.lor the admission o r Minnesota ss a
I State has reeeutly passed the House at Wash-1
iugton, by a vote of 07 to 75 TWENTY
i SEVEN Northern ''freedom shriekets ' voted
against this bill for the admission of a FREE
State, while TWELVE Southern Democrats
voted for it! If these twelve Southern mem-
J bers had voted with these twenty-seven
' '-'freedom sbriekers," the bill would have
been defeated. Thus the admission of a
j new free Staie is due to those Southern
members These canting hypoerites of the
, North are constantly denouncing the Souih
j era [woplr aa endeavoring lo foree alavary
" •' into free territory, while Southern members
; vote for the admission of a free State against
the persistent efforts of these hypocrites to
defeat it. Messts. Aiken of South Carolina,
iClitigntan of North Carolina, Cobb of Geor
gia. Bocock of Virginia, and other promi
nent men. voted for this bill, while three
Massachusetts member, three from Connecti
j cu'; tluee from Ohio, five from New York,
! seven from Pennsylvania, and others voted
r against it. Snch is the sincerity of these
( j freeJom shrieking demagogues—constantly
bawling in behalf of freedom and then TO
' ling against the admission of a free Slate!
J C?" The residence of Mr. J. F. Yost, in
j Lewisborg, was destroyed by fire on Wed
' nesday evening last. Insored in the Lock
' J Haven Company.
COFTKE.—The value of the imports of
* | coffee into the Coiled State*, is sl6 000.000
' ! aneostly, or one-seventh of all the imports
'' of the coowry.
I A LIEGE COMPACT.—The number of pas
sengers carried by ah the railroads of the
e J United State* during 1656 was 74,000,000.
s ' —-■
f , Faoz*c To DriTn.—Two bnndred persons
r J are said to base keen (rozan to death in the
United Fan ierrug ihs present winter
Dcoislou Ol the Xuptemn Court in ||,u
Ulcd .-coil.
Wam.\oroN, March 6
The opinion of the Supreme Court in the
Drc.l Scott ease, was delivered to day by
Chief Justice Taney. It was a full and elab
orate atatainaut of the view* of the Court.—
They have decided the following all impor
tant points First—That negroes, whether
slaves or free, that is, men of the African
taoe, are not eitixens of the Untied States by
the Constitution. Second—That the ordi
nance of 1787 had uo indeponpenl constitu
tional force or legal effect subsequently to
the adoption of the Constitution, and could
not opetato of itself to confer Ireedom or eiti
nenship within tho Northwest Territory, on
negroes not citizens by the Constitution
Third, that the provision of the act of 1820,
commonly called the Missouri Compromise,
in so lar a* it undertook to exclude negro
slavery from, and communicate freedom and
citizenship to negroes in the northern part of
the Louisiana cession, was a Legislative act
' exceeding tho powers of Congress and
I ' void," anil of no legal effect to that end. In
' deciding these mam points the Supreme Coun
i determined the following incidental points :
I First—Tire expression "Territory and other
! property" ol the union in the Constitution,
; applies, ' in terms ouly, to such territory a*
I tho Union possessed at tho nine ol tho aJop-
I ilon of the Constitution. Second—The rights
I of citizens of the United States, emigrating
j into y F*<tral Terrltoir, and die puwei'iif
I the Federal Government there, depend on
the genorel provisions of the Constitution,
which defines in this, as in till other re
spects, the power of Congress. Third—As
Congress does not possess power itself to
| make enactments relative to the persons or
property ot citizens of the United States iu
J in fsJeral territory, othi-r than such as the
1 Constitution confers, so it cannot enustitu
| tiomilly delegate any such powers to a Terti
j tonal Government organized by it under the
1 Constitution. Fourth—The legal couditiuu
| of a slave in the State of Missouri is not ef
i footed hy the temporary sojourn of such slsve
| in any other State, but on his return, his con
' ditiott still depends on the laws of Missouri.
: As the plaintiff was not a citizen of Mumou
i ri, and therefore could not *uo in the Guuna
of the United States, the anil mutt be dis
i missed for want of jurisdiction.
I The delivery of litis opinion occupied
. about three hours, and it was listened to
j with profound attention by a crowded Court
| room. Among the auditors were mauygeii
-1 lleineu of eminent legal ability, and a due
I proportion ol Indies.
1 Justice Nelson stated the merits of the
: esse, the question being whether or not the
I removal of Scott Irom Missouri with his
' master to Illinois, with a view of temporary
residence, worked hts emancipation. He
maintained that the question depended solely
; on the law of Missouri, and for that reason
J the judgment of the Court below should be
affirmed.
Justice Catron believed tho So promo Court
has jurisdiction to decide the merits of the
j case, lid argued that Congress could not
I do directly what it could not do indirectly,
i If it could exclude one species of proporiy
' it rou'd another, with regard lo the Territo
ries ceded. Congress could govern them only
with the restrictions of tire S'ares, which ce
I dad them, and the Missouri Act of 1820,
violated the leading features of tho Coiiati-
I tenon, an.) was therefore void. Ha concur
red with his brother Judges that Scott is a
slave, and was so when the suit was
I brought.
i Several other of the Judges are to deliver
j their views to morrow.
rr The Printers are looking up. It is a
fact highly gratifying to the typographical
fraternity that sumo of the highest political
honors in Pennsylvania havo been confer
red upon the craft. Both U. S. Senators,
• Gov Bigler and Gen. Cameron, started iu
I life as printers. Tho present nominee of
: the Democrats for Governor. Wm. F. Pack
| or, is a printer; tho nominee for Canal
( Commissioner. Judge Strickland, is a msra
| 1-er of the editorial fraternity: tho nomitioo
for the Supreme Bench. Judge Lwis, used
to stick type; the Speaker of tho llouso,
j Mr. Get/, is editor and proprietor of tho
J Reading Gazette. The printers and editors,
| if they don't get rich, at least come in for a
j large share of the honors.
1 RATIFICATION MEETING IS WILUAMSPORT.
I Upon the receipt of the news in Williams-
I port, last Tuesday evening, of the nomrna
-1 tion ol Gen. William F. Packer, for Govern
or. a meeting of the citizens of Lycoming
was held in the Court House, for the pur
pose of ratifying tho nomination. Hon. A.
j Woodward presided, and addresses wera
I j delivered by Clinton Lloyd and Geo. White,
I I Esqrs.. and Hon. C. P. Kldred. The "Ly-
I j coming Gazette" says the Court House wa^fl
tilled with friends of Gen. Packer,
ire of parly, and the meeting passed c
' j amid great enthusiasm.
I SCRAXTON, Ta —There is about $ 10,000,
, invested in Coal operations in and about the,
place, and about 40,000 tons of eosl is the
. monthly product.
ty There are in the English language
I I 20,500 nouns, 40 pronouns, 9,200 adjectives,
' j 8,000 verbs, 69 interjections, &LC. In all
i there are about 40,600 words.
i;
, J The highest salary of a Governor ol
any State in the Union ia*paid in California,
$10,000; and the lowest is Vermont, s7so—
pays $6,000 Virginia, $5,000, and
j New York, $4 000.
' i t3T Wilhamsport was lighted with gas
on Tuesday night, for the first time.
HOLLO-WAY'S PILLS.—When the complex
, ion assumes a sallow appearance, and the
, wtiites of the eyes are tinged with yellow,
• there is mischief ai work in the liver. A
> dose or two of ibe Pills will then arrest the
s progress ol the disease, arid save much pain
and trouble; but should the malady hare
reaehed a more dangerous stage, and taken
the shape of bilious fever or jaundice, and
the functions of the stomach have become
s disordered, a course of the remedy may be
necessary. Toe cure is merely a question
of time, foe however violent the jMoptoros
8 rosy be, however long tire pattest quay have
, suffered, this potent remedy will
; produce the desired effect if adawiJWv.eicW- .
accordance with the directioui. ,
1