THE STAR OF THE NORTH;
R. H'. Ueswr, Proprietor.]
VOLUME 9.
TIIE STAR OF THE NORTH
11 PUBLISHED EVERY WEONKSDAY MORNIKU BY
K. W. WKAVKR,
OFFICU Up stairs, in the new brick build
ing, on the south side oj Main Street, third
square below Market.
13 R M S : — Two Dollars per annum, if
paid within six months from the time of sub
scribing : two dollars and fitly cents if not
paid within the year. No subscription re
ceived for a less period than six months; no
discontinuance permitted until all arrearages
ore paid, unless at the option of the editor.
ADVERTISEMENTS not exceeding one square
will be inserted three times for One Dollar,
nnd twenty-five cents for each additional in- ,
settion. A liberal discount will bo made to I
those who advertise by the year.
Clr I.nuucelot mid Queen Guinevere.
BY ALFRED TENNYSON.
Like souls that balance joy and pain,
With tPars and smiles from Heaven again,
The maiden spring upon the plain
Came in a sunlit fail of rain.
In crystal vapor everywhere
Blue eyes of Heaven laughed between.
And, far in the forest deeps unseen,
i The topmost linden gathered green
i From draughts of balmy ait.
I Sometimes the linnet piped his song ;
■ Sometimes the throstle whistled strong :
1 Sometimes the spar-hawk wheeled along,
! By grassy capes, with fuller sound ;
1 In curves the yellowing river ran,
" And drooping chestnut buds began
To spread into a perfect fan,
Above the teeming ground.
Then, in the boyhood of the year,
Sir I.auncelot and Queen Guinevere,
Rode through the coverts of the deer,
Vith blissful treble ringing clear,
She a part of joyous spring :
A gown of grass green silk she wore,
Buckled with golden clasps before ;
i A light green tuft of plumes she bore
Closed in a golden ring.
" Now on some twisted ivy net,
Now by some tinkling rivulet,
On mosses thick with violet,
Her cream white mule her pastern set; [plains
And now more fleet she skimmed the
Than she whose elfin ptancer springs
By night to her airy warblings,
Whon nil the glimmering moorland rings
With jingling bridle reins.
As she fled fast through the sun and shade,
The happy winds upon her played,
Blowing the ringlet from the braid :
She looked so lovely a she swayed
The rain with dainty finger tips ;
A man had given all oilier bliss,
And all his worldly worth for this.
To waste his whole ItPart in one bliss
Upon her perfect lips.
REPORT, i
Of the Common Schools of Colombia Co., ;
(or the year ending June Ist, *5O.
In September nnd October last, appoint-)
menis were mode in the respective districts 1
to meet and examine teachers; but the at- )
tendance was small on these occasions. The ,
teachers seemed shy of a public examination,
nnd most of them came afterwards to my of-1
fice, for a private one. I have urged direct- ]
ors to insist upon a public examination in '
every case where it is practicable.
A few more certificates were issued (in ad-1
dition to the permanent ones of last year)
than there were schools taught, but this hap- ;
pened from the fact that some of thoso who '
received certificates went out of the county ;'
a few sought other employments, and others, j
with high figures on their certificates, would
not ask for a school.
During the past year I visited one hundred
and twenty-four schools, being all in the
county which were in operation, except sev
en. Two of these seven were inaccessible
by reason of snow, when I was in the district,
and five were not in session when I was in
their neighborhood. Some I visited twice.—
Every available day, between the 12th of
December and the 15th of March, was spent
by me in this business.
My visits were spent by listening to class
es. suggesting Improvements to teachers,
organizing new classes in mental arithme
tic, orthography, concert-reading, rhetorical
reading, writing from dictation, practical
grammar, or the manufacturing of sentences,
as well as the anatomy of language, and in
addressing the scholars. The greatest cause
of backwardness in our schools is tho me
chanical method of instruction, by which
dry, du'l tasks are substituted, to repulse and
weary the scholar, when intelligible oral II-
Jualrs'/ivnt, Irom the every day practical af-
Ikvrs of life in the world, ought to be furnish-
Rd to tempt and lead the scholar to a pleas
ant and friendly familiarity with the princi
ples of science. There ought to be less par
rot-like recitations, and more thinking in the
schools. I have found many cases where
orthography was understood only a arbitra
ry spelling, instead of being the anatomy of
words, and where reading was only practiced
a the monotonoua pronunciation ot words,
instead of being, as it should, the expression
Of ideas and thoughts.
School Houses. —The condition and location
of the buildings used for schools are not so
objectionable as the method, or, rather, want
of method, of teaching within tbem. Of the
school bouses in this county, twenty-nine are
well adapted, in every respect, for the use
made of them. Only thirteen are entirely
unfit to be used; and all the others may be
included in a middling, which, by a little
labor and expense, might be right well adap
ted for the training places of youth. Some
of these only need to have one end of the
room coated for a blackboard; others want
some little fixtures 10 perfect ventilation; and
yet others only need a few shade trees plant
ed around the building.
In no district can all the school honses be
included in the first class. Scott has more
good houses than any other district. Mon
tour has three excellent brick houses, and
BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1857.
j they only need one wall blackened and a
j few shade irees planted around one, to make
| them perfect lor their purpose. The towns
i of Catawissa, Berwick ana Mifllioville have
I good school houses.
The ceilings of our school houses are from
j seven to twelve feet high ; and the most com
j mon aids to ventilation are the cracks and
! crannies of the weather boards, and a cor
responding hole in the plastering which lines
i the building. In many the boards over head
, have just cracks enough to let out the vitiated
air.
There are, in my report, twelve brick, five
log and one hundred and thirteen frame school
houses. About one half are warmed with
coal and the other with wood, for fuel. None
have furnaces for healing purposes or ven
tilation.
Furniture. —The only school house in the
county which has the requisite furniture, is
the opper grade school in Light Street. The
citizens have furnished it with a planetarium,
an orrery, a tellurian, and useful mathemati
cal instruments and tables. This school is
aDo the only one which furnishes chairs for
seating the scholars. No other school has
any other means than the blackboard to il
lustrate lessons, and forty-seven schools have
not even a black-board.
There arc twenty-three school houses with
desks for two, arranged in rows, having aisles
through the middle of the room, and long
desks and benches alternately extending from
this aisle to the wall. But sixty houses are
upon the plan of long boards edged along
three of the walls, and seats without backs
in front of these apologies for desks. The
small scholars, in these cases, have lower
seals, mostly with backs to them and without
desks. These are arranged in an inner circle,
or sometimes around the stove. Ten cases
I cannot classify in either of these descrip
tions. Only about a dozen houses liavo prop •
er ante-rooms for the disposition of hats, bou
nds and cloaks. Others have a small ante
room, used for keeping the fuel dry.
The School. —My aim has been lo fiave the
primary branches thoroughly'taught, ratherthan
hurry up a superficial smattering of every
thing. It is only in the towns that the upper
grade schools have been established, and in
these, composition, elocution, astronomy,
natural philosophy, algebra, geometry, and
music have been introduced. Perhaps the
best judgment can be formed of the success
of the schools from (he fact lhat Inst winter,
while ihey were in operation, there were only
two private subscription schools in tho coun
ty, and one of these was a primary school;
so that the poor man's high school superse
ded every select seminary of learning but
one.
There is more uniformity of books than
last year; but 110 school was found in which
there were as many grades of readers as com
pose tho seties of many of our reading books
lately published, which is, in most series,
five. I found no case in which all the read
ing scholars could not have been arranged in
three classes, so that no mind, in either class,
would have been beyond the reach of all
others. And in country schools where many
branches must be taught, to sub-divide them
futther than this not only embarrasses the
teacher and checks his usefulness, but en
tails an expense for books upon parents,
which forms a subject of complaint against
the common school system—unreasonable,it
is true, but yet to be avoided; lor while it is
objectionable to have too many kinds of text
books on the same subject, it is nearly as far
wrong to form too many classes by having
too many grades of books. The trouble
6eems to grow out of a little to much eager
ness to make and sell books. And while
every system oi education is liable to such
accidental errors—and they are by no means
necessarily incident to our common school
system—yet, considering the sensitive state
of the public mind on this subject, a great
deal of forbearance and moderation is ne
cessary on the part of those who teach and
superintend, and a great deal of caution and
circumspection in avoiding error, and even
in dealing with prejudices.
fn every school, so far as inquiry was
made,'corporal punishment was or would have
been resorted to when other means failed
to preserve discipline ; but no cases have
pre-ented where any punishment has been
used with unwarrantable Severity.
The general rule is to have school open
from nine to twelve o'clock in the forenoon,
with fifteen minutes intermission; and again,
from one to four, or from half-past one to
half past four o'clock in the afternoon, with
a like intermission, fn some cases there is
no intermission for all the school at once.
Teachers. —During the past year I issued
thirty-two permanent certificates and r.inely
eight temporary ones. Nine applicants were
refused certificates. Of the teachers, one
was under seventeen years of age, thirty
eight between the ages of seventeen and
twenty-one, fifty-four between the ages of
twenty-one and twenty-five, twenty between
the ages of twenty-five and thirty, seven be
tween the ages of thirty and forty, seven
between the ages of forty and fifty, and three
over fifty years of age. Only three have
graduated at college, and none at any State
Norma! School. Only eight were born ont
of Pennsylvania.
Since an examination has become requi
site, the poorest of the old teachers have
sought other employments, and some of our
youngest teachers are cur best. A new class
of instructors is called tor in the best districts,
and twenty-nine teachers have not yet taught
a year; fifty-seven have tangbt from one to
three years, twenty-five have taught from
three to six years, nine have taught from six
to ten years, seven have taught from ten to
twenty years, and three have taught over
twenty years. So it will been that the ob
jection sometimes urged against the new
law, is not true here—that the same old
teachers are employed, and that there is no
improvement. A new class of teachers is
coming into the profession as fast as possi
ble; and these only need a little experience
to prove themselves entirely superior to
those formerly employed, and to give gen
eral satisfaction.
It is only to be regretted that to persons of
liberal education the profession does not pre
sent bettor encouragement. Not more than
fifty of those examined design to leach per
manently, and only fifty-two have read use
ful educational works with a design to im
prove and fit themselves for teaching. 01
tbo whole number, forty four gavo full satis
faction for ability to teach and govern, sixty
two may bo ranked in a medium class, and
twenty-fonr must be confessed so very poor
that it is desirable to supply their places with
belter material, if we could only gel it. Noth
ing is more needed to make the common
school system work successfully and har
moniously, than competent teachers; and it is
to be hoped that Normal schools will spring
up in every county, by a demand for good
teachers. In my judgment, the same amount
of money cannot in any other way secure so
much practical advant ige as by the establish
ment oj a teachers' school in every county of the
State. It should be made the duty of every
County Supenntendent to hold each year a
teachers' school oi at least two weeks. The
expense would be small compared with the
advantages. Much good might be done in
this cheap way, until we can gel a Slate
Normal school.
Examinations.— Before the past year there
had been no pnbhc examinations or exhibi
tions in the public schools of the county :
but this yesr the public schools of Light
Street and Berwick presented to parents such
exercises at examinations and exhibitions,
as equalled those of the select schools we
have witnessed in the county. The effect
in these has been to awaken interest and
honest pride in parents, scholars and teach
ers.
I found but few districts where the directors
had visited the schools, and still lewer where
parents did so. In Scon. Bloom and Benton,
the directors visited and took a friendly in
terest in the schools, anil 111 Light Street the
citizens repeatedly visited the tipper grade
school. The districts of Bloom, Scott, Cata
wtsso, Orange una uy
means, and more especially by a compact
population, are best able to have good schools.
The other districts are thinly settled, and al
most entirely by a population engaged in
agriculture and lumbering. In some of these
the schools are small, so that I found as few
as eight scholars in a log school house which
stood in the woods, out of the sight of any
human habitation and surrounded by snow
two feet deep, through which most of the
scholars on the list had more than a mile
and some over two miles to travel, between
their homes and the school. On another visit
I traveled one morning through and over snow
banks six feet high, while the thermometer
stood at twenty-one degrees below zero. In
such districts I recommend more school in
the summer, ever, if there must be less in the
winter. Fishingcreek and Main districts de
serve special commendation for maintaining
very good schools, against difficulties and
circumstances almost equal in discourage
ment to any in the county. In Maine the
first district teachers'association in the coun
ty was formed last winter, and it awakened
considerable interest. The teachers' associ
ation of the county held three meetings with
in the past year, and 1 have a hope that its
objects and advantages are becoming under
stood.
Progress. —ln my visits of the first year's
service I found only two districts in which
any effort had been made to grade schools;
last winter there were graded schools in six
districts. The first year music was taught
in two schools of one district; last winter I
found it a pleasant exercise in five districts,
and in some very artistically taught and prac
ticed. The first year arithmetic was taught
bj oral exercises in classes, only in two dis
tricts; the past year f found it successfully
taught in nine districts, and organized classes
in others; The first year, nnder the new
law, thirty-three certificates were granted to
persons who did not understand geography,
and forty-six to teachers who did not under
stand grammar; the past year only thirteen
are blank in geography, and the same num
ber in grammar.
In Beaver township the requisitions of the
school law were never complied with;
though under the old system, the State appro
priation was drawn. Last December the di
rectors were removed by the court, and oth
ers appointed. These laws have gone on in
good faith to open the schools, but under
very great difficulties. Mt. I'leasant has not
acted under the school law during the year
just past, but is doing so for '.hat upon which
we have entered. Roaring Creek alone is
inflexible. R. W. WEAVER,
Ccusily Superintendent.
Bloomsburg, July 14, 1856.
To CURB WARTS.—Pare the hard and dry
skin from theii lops, and then touch them
with the smallest drop of strong acelio acid,
taking care that the acid does not run off the
wart upon the neighboring skin, for if it
doss, it will occasion inflammation and mnch
pain. If this practice be continued once or
twice a day, with regularity, paring ;tbe sur
face of the wart occasionally, when it gels
hard and dry, the wart will soon be effectu
ally cured
Troth and Right God and or Couutry.
From Mttcaulay's History of England.
TIIE EN l> OF TITUS OATES.
The general result of the election exceeded,
the most sanguine expectations of the court.
James found with delight that it would be
unnecessary for him to expend a farthing in
buying votes. He said that, with the excep
lion of about forty members, the House of
Commons was such as he himself should
have named; and this House of Commons
it was in his power, as the law then stood,
to keep to the end of his reign.
Secure of parliamentary support, he might
now indulge in the luxury of revenge. His
nature was not placable; and while still a
subject, he had suffered some injuries and
indignities which might movo even a placa
ble nature to fierce and lasting resentment.
One set of men, in particular, had with a
baseness and cruelly beyond all example
and all description, attacked his honor aod
his lile, the witnesses of the plot. He may
well he excused for hating them, since, even
at this day, the mention of their names ex
cites the disgust and horror of all sects and
parties.
Some of these wretches wore already be
yond tho reach of hitman justice. liedloe
had died in his wickedness, without one
sign of remorse or shame. Dogdaie had fol
lowed to tho grave, driven mad, men said,
by the furies of an evil conscience, and with
loud shrieks imploring those who stood
round his bed to take away Lord Stafford.
Carstairs, 100, was gone. His end was all
horror and despair; and with his last breath,
lie had told his attendant to throw htm into
a ditch like a dog, for that ha was not fit to
sleep in a Christian burial-ground. But
Oates and Dangorfiold were still within the
teach of the stern prince whom they had
wronged. James, a short time before his ac
cession, had instituted a civil suit against
Oates for defamatory words, ntid the jury
iiad given damages to the enormous amount
of a hundred thousand pounds. Tho de
fendant had been taken in execution, and
was lying in prison as a debtor, without
hope of release. Two bills of indictment
against him for perjury had been found by
the grand jury of Middlesex a few weeks
before tho death of Charles. Soon after the
close of the elections the trials came on.
Among the upper and middle classes
Oales had scarcely a friend left. All intelli
gent Whigs were now convinced that, even
it his narrative had some foundation in fact,
ho hail erected on thai foundation a vas' sn
puTomcmtn ui Tomamv.
number of low fanatics, however, still re
garded him as a public benefactor. These
people well knew that, if be were convicted,
his sentence would be one of extreme se
verity, and were therefore indefatigable in
their endeavors to manage an escape.—
Though as yet in confinement only Inr debt,
he was put in irons by the authorities of the
King's flench prison; and even so lie was
with difficulty kept in safe custody. The
mastiff that guarded his door was poisoned ;
and, on the very night preceding his trial, a
ladder of ropes was introduced into his cell.
On the day on which he was brought to
the bar, Westminster Hall was crowded with
spectators, umong whom were many Roman
Catholics, eager to see the misery and hu
miliation of their persecutor. A few years
earlier, his short neck, his legs uneven as
those of a badger, his forehead low as that
of a baboon, his purple cheeks, and his mon
strous length of chin, had been familiar to
all who had frequented the courts of law.—
He had been the idol ol the nation. Where
ever he had appeared, men had uncovered
their heads to him. The lives and estates
of the magnates of the realm had been at
his mercy. Times had now changed; and
many who had formerly regarded him as the
deliver of his country, shuddered at the sight
of those hideous fpaUires on which villany
seemed to be written by the hand of God.
It was proved beyond all possibility of
doubt, that this man had, by false testimony,
deliberately murdered several guiltless per
sons. He called in vain on the most emi
nent members of the Parliament which hod
rewarded and extolled him to give evidence
in his favor. Some of those whom he hail
summoned absented themselves. None of
them said any thing tending to his vindica
tion. One of them, the Kail of Huntingdon,
bitterly reproached him with having deceiv
ed the houses, and drawn on them the guilt
of shedding innocent blood. The judges
browbeat and reviled the prisoner with an
intemperance which, even in the most attro
cious cases, ill becomes the judicial charac
ter. He betrayed, however, no sign of fear
or of shame, and faced the storm af invec
tive which burst upon him from bir, bench,
and witness box with the insolence of de
spair. He was convicted on bcth indict
ments. His offence, though in a moral
light, murder of the most aggravated kind,
was, in the eye of the law, merely a misde
meanor. The tribunal, however, was de
sirous to make his punishment more severe
than that of felons or traitors, and not merely
to put him to death, but to put him to death
by frightful torments. He was sentenced to
be stripped of his clerical habit, to be pillo
ried in Palace Yard, and to t'e led round
Westminster Hall with an inscription decla
ring bis infamy over his head, to be pilloried
again in front of the Royal Exchange, to be
whipped from Aldgate to Newgate, and, af
ter an in interval of two days, to be whipped
from Newgate to Tyburn. If, against all
probability, he should happen to survive this
horrible infliction, he was to be kept a close
prisoner during life. Five times every year
he was to be brought forth from his dungeon
and exposed on the pillory in different prls
of the capital.
This rigorous sentence was rigorously exe
cuted. On the day on which Oates was pil
loried in l'alace Yard, ho was mercilessly
peltod, and ran some risk of being pulled in
pieces : but in Ihe city his partisans mustered
in great force, raised a riot, and upset Ihe
pillory. They were, however, unable to res
cue their favorite. It was supposed that bo
would try to escape the horrible doom which
awaited him by swallowing poison. All that
he ate nnd drank was therefore carefully in
spected. On the following morning he una
brought forth to undergo his first flogging.
At an early hour an innumerable multitude
filled all the streets from Aldgate to the Old
Bailey. The hangman laid on the lash with
such unusual severity ns showed that ho hud
received special instructions. The blood ran
down in rivulets. For a time the criminal
showed a strange constancy; but at last his
stubborn fortitude gave way. His bellowings
were frightlul to hear. He swooned several
times; but the scourge continued to descend.
When he was unbound, it seemed that he
had borne as much as the human frame can
bear without dissolution. James was en
treated to remit tho second flogging. His
answer w.-s short and clear. "He ehall go
through it if he has breath in his bodv." An
attempt was mndo to obtain the Queen's in
tercession, but she indignantly refused to say
a word in lavor of such n wretch. After an
interval of only forty-eight hours, Oates was
again brought out of his dungeon, lie was
unable to stand, and it was necessary to drag
liirn to Tyburn on a sledge. n seemed
quite insensible, and the Tories reported that
he had stupefied himself with strong drink.
A person who had counted the stripes on the
second day says that they were seventeen
hundred. The bad man escaped with life,
but ro narrowly that his ignorant and bigoted
admirers thought his recovery miraculattsi
anil appealed to it as a proof of tiis inno
cenco. Tho doors of the prison closed upon
him. During many months he remained
ironed in the darkest hole ol Newgate. It
was said that in his cell lie gave himself up
to melancholy, and sat whole days uttering
deep groans, his arms folded, and his hat
palled over his eyes. It was not in England
alone that these events excited stiong inter
est. Millions of Roman Catholics, who knew
nothing of our institutions or of our factions,
had heard that a persecution of singular Ljr
barily had rag"rl in our island against Ihe
professors ol the true faith, that many pious
men had suffered martyrdom, and that Titus
— - itierc
was, therefore, great joy in distant countries
when it was known that the divine justice
had overtaken him. Engravings o! him,
looking out from the pillory, and writhing at
the cart's tail, were circulated all over Eu-
rope ; and epigrammists, in many languages,
made merry with the doctoral title which he
pretended lo have received from the Univer
sity of Salamanca, and remarked since his
forehead could not bo made to blush, it was
but reasonable that his hack should do so.
Horrible a? wore the Bufferings of Gates,
they did not equal hi 3 crimes. The old law
of England, which had been suffered to be
come obsolete, treated the lalse witness, who
had caused death by means of perjury, as a
murderer. This was wise and righteous;
for such a witness is, in truth, the worst of
murderers. To the guilt of shedding inno
cent blood ho ha added the guilt of viola
ting the most solemn engagement into which
man can enter with his fellow-men, nod of
making institutions to which it is desirable
that the public should look with respect and
confidence instruments of frightful wrong
and objects of general distrust. The pain
produced by an ordinary assassination bears
no'prnportion to the pant produced by assas
sination of which the courts of justice are
made the agents. The mere extinction of
lire is a very small part of what makes an
execution horrible. The prolonged mental
agony of the sufferer, the shame and misery
of all connected with him, the stain abiding
even to the third and fourth generation, are
things far more dreadlnl than death itself. In
general, it may be safely affirmed that the
lather of a large family would rather bo be
reaved of all his children by accident or by
disease than lose one of them by the hands
of the hangman. Murder by false testimony
is therefore the most aggravated species of
murder ; and Oates had been guilty of many
such murders. Nevertheless, ttie punish
ment which was inflicted upon him cannot
be justified.
CORNS.— The best cure for theso trouble
some things that we have ever tried, is to
soak the feet in hot water for a quarter of an
hour, so that the corn becomes soft, then
trim it off as close as possible, and not cause
pain. Then lake the tincture of arbor vhsc,
placed upon a little cotton, and apply to the
corns, and after a few applications, the corn
will not only disappear entirely, but will not
be likely to return again.— Scientific American.
To FATTEN FOWLS. —FowIs may be fatten
ed in four or five days by the following pro
cess:—Place some rice over the fire with
some skimmed milk, as much only as will
setve one day. Let it boil till the rice
i 9 swelled out; add a teaspoonful of sugar.
Feed the fowls four or five times a day, in
pans, and give to them as much each time
as will fill them. Great care must be taken
that they receivo nothing sour, as it prevents
their fattening. Give them clean water or
milk from rice to drink. By this method the
flesh will have a cleat whiteness.
Cy None of us like the crying of mother
person's baby. Our own alone is musical.
It KG El PINj Arf.
J To CURE TIIE QUINSY.— Make a poultice of
! common white Lima beans, and apply it to
1 the throat hot.
1 To CLEAN KID GLOVES.—Wash them in a
mixture of equal quantities of Ammonia and
j Alcohol. Then rub them dry. The above
' solution will also remove stains and grease
; from silk and cloth.
To DESTROY MITES IN CHEESE—A piece
of woolen cloth should be dipped in sweet
j oil, which should bo well rubbed on tho
cheese. If one application is not sufficient
to destroy ihe miles, the remedy may be
) used as often as it cy appear. The cheese
I shelves should be washed with soap and
[ water.
J INCRUSTATIONS in Culinary Vessels, can be
removod readily by boiling a few potatoes
in them. This has been known for half a
1 century ; but there are always young house
keepers starling upon their career who may
not know this important fact, where hard vra
ler prevails,
j To CLEAN WALL PAPER.—Soiled wall pa
j per may be made to look as well almost
as new in most cases, by the following ex*
( pedient'Take about 2 qrts. of wheat bran,
lie it in a bundle of coarse flannel, and rub
I'l over the paper. It will cleanse the whole
I paper of all description of dirt and spot",
beiter than any oil er means that can bo
used. Some use bread but dry bran is
] better.
To REMOVE INK SPOTS FROM LINENS—Ink
l spots can bo removed by saturating tliern
[ with lemon joico, and rubbing on salt, and
j then putting thorn where the sun will shine
upon thcin hot for several hours. As fast as
it dries pnt on more lemon juice and sail.
When the lemon juice cannot be obtained,
citric acid is a good substitute. Iron-mould
may be removed in the same way.
A DANOEROI'S COSMETIC.—The use of bal
lailoiia, we have seen advertised to give bril-
I fancy anil fnseinalion to the eye. This is a
| dangerous drug to use lor this purpose. It
I is true that it give to the eye uii extraordi
) nary brilliant appearance by contracting the
( iris, and enlarging the pupil; but tins tends
lo weaken and destroy the delicately beauti
i ful action of the organ ol sigtil.
DitF.ssiNri WOUNDS.—Nine times out of ten
will n wound heal quicker if done up in its
own blood that) any oilier way. As tor a
burn, whatever wi',l entirely exclude the air
R...*—- **•••
will oiled fill:, it pluck down at llie edge by
any kind of 6lu;king-salve. I'm nothing on
a burn lo heal it. Nature will soon do it
when the air is excluded, and the pain will
almost immediately cease.
I'or.iMtiNO—Tho ladies are very fond of
keeping the door knobs, spoons, plates, &e.,
in brilliant order. Now, if instead of chalk
and water and snch preparations, ladies will
use rotten stone anil c imphene, a far brighter,
more durable, and quicker polish can bo ob
tained than in any other way. Campheno
is the article now used for producing the ex
quisite polish of daguerreotype plates ; and
nothing has heen found to equal it.
Sleeping Postures.
Like jr.ol other things, sleep has its nnpo
ctical aspects. Indeed, few sleepers caught
in the act. ire poetical objects. Most sleep
ers are quite the reverse. An Imogen, such
as Shakspeare has painted lier, dreaming of
Posthumous and better days to como, is not
an every-day vision. A Chrislahel laid down
io her loveliness, is not a typo of common
place humanity asleep. Of course Imogen
did rot snore, nor utter inarlictdate sounds
at periodical intervals. Of course Chrislahel
did not lie with her month open, and an ex
pression of hopeless vacuity on ' her face,
oh, call it fair or pale \ " or twist her 6hape
into quite nondescript postures, to be told in
riiytt oor explained by reason. But this i
what your ordinary sleepers do. They snore
to the top of their Pent, and that in somp
temperaments is altisimo. They utter broken
murmur®, mart absurdly compounded of his
sing, moaning and nasal constituents. They
lie tripping to an extent utterly incompatible
with the sublime and beautiful. They arc
to be ecen, too, curled or collapsed into po
sitions real'y worthy of study, as showing
the eccentricities of poses phistiqnes possible
to the human form, not less diversified than
illogical.
Leigh Hunt has remarked, that though he
may look as proud and se!f-nosessed as he
pleases; though ho may walk proudly, si!
proudly, eat his dinner prortdly ; (hough he
may shave himsell with an air ot infinite su
periority, and in a word, may show himself
• rand on the mo*t trifling oceasions, he is
reduced to most ridiculous shifts when once
floored by the leveller. Sleep. ''Sleep plays
tne petrifying magician.'' He arrests the
proudest lord ;f well ts the humblest clown,
in tho most ridiculous postures ; so that if
you could clraw a grandee from his bed no
lunb twisting foo! in a pantomime would
cree'.o wilder laughter. Imagine a despot
lilted up to the gaze of his valets, with his
eyes shut, his month open, his lelt hand un
der his right ear, his other twisted and hang
ing helplessly before him like an idiot's, one
knee lifted up, and the other leg stretched
out, or both knees huddled together, p.- both
knees huddled together—what a scarecrow
to lodge majestic powers in "? Few sleepers,
in effect, show to advantage after they have
conto to years of discretion; it is ouly in
fancy and esrly childhood that will bear ex
amination, as artistic studies of grace wheu
the senses are steeped in forgetfultiess.
OT Prosperity :s a blessing to h* good, but
a curse to the evil.
TTwo Dollars per Annan,
NUMBER 6.
I'l.AlltA ltls.il.
Poets, philosophers, and even divines, s'l
, seem at limes to manifest a propensity to
j plagiarism. Fnr fifty years, Paley lias stood
at the very head of all original writers on
Natural Theology, and his work on that sub
ject will last as long a time lasts, in all prob
ability. Where is the man of education who
lias not admired its wonderful lucidity, the
simplicity and force ol its argument, the
beauty of its il'asirations. From the wotrh
pii'kod'np 011 the heath, with which he com
mences, to the astronomical arguments with
which ho concludes, all is seemingly per
roct. lint alas, the whole argument, the
watch, wheels, worltF and crystal, were ali
stolen from a Or. Nienwentyl, a philoso
pher, who lived in Holland, and ,published
the entire substance of the book "a.hundred
years before. That work .too had'been trans
lated into Fnglish and published in London
in 1718. There are passages copied almost
verbatim, and thai plan of the wholo work is
soemingly a great and wilful plagiarism.—
As if to bring the theft home to him, ho
even refers in one edition to the original
work of Dr. N. a his authority fnr a pellicu
lar statement while making no other ack
nowledgmer.t ol indebtedness.
A few years ago, Dr. Keith brought out a
treatise on tlie fulfilled prophecy, l'.very one
admired it, until the Quarterly Review
showed that it was but a recast of Newton
on the I'rophecies.
The poets ore equally guilty. One of the
fines! things Lord liyron ever wrote,' was on
the death of Ktrko White, where lie repre
sent* him by o struck englo stretched upon
the plain, viewingjits owr. feather on the ar
row, lite plumage that had warmed its [nest,
drinking the last life drop of its blood. The
whole of these lines are copied, not quite
verbatim, but nearly so, ino hiding'.'almost
every rhyme, front an old English poet, who
clearly got the i lea of his figure from [the
tlreek poet two thousand years before.
The ' Hymn of Life" is charged.with the
same want of originality, even in that inimi
table figure
"And our hearts, though stout and biave,
Still liku mil filed drums are beating
Funeral marches to the grave."
Even Jeffc-on, who wished for no othef
epitaph than ' Lho Author of the Declaration
of Independence," was not but
rather the editor of that document, from a
ure-eiialiug declaration, drawn up the year
previously, ai iuecMei.£ v , £tni
' tailing the same essential lea'ures, and iu-
I depd many of the same paragraphs.
The latle so beautifully told by Dr. Frank
| "tin, to enforce charity,—about the old man
whom Abraham drove from his tent for idol
! airy, until it was shown him that since the
ford had borne with him seventy years, ho
might well afford to endure him for one
night—is all clearly taken from Jeremy Tay
l ior, who avowedly got it frotn some Rabbi
nical work.
But it is by no means certain that these
parties were morally guilty of any plagiarism
whatever. On the contrary, thpre is hardly
anything about which a more false opinion
reigns in the community. For any man to
pretend to write nothing but what was abso
lutely original in thought and expression*
would be absurd. An idea is scarcely ever
perfected by the nan who conceived it
I'aley for example, did not compose his work
on Natural Theology, until thirty years alter
1 he had tirst declared the substance of it in
the form of a lecture before the F'niversity.
i These lectures would of cou'se be mere com-
I pita'ions. and it is easy to suppose he may
I have forgotten the sources of his ideas. It is
also perfectly certain that the charming style
in which he clothed the thoughts, is what
has carried them home to men, and given
them their real value to themselves.
Ryron cared little where he get his rhymes
, so that they nleased his own ear, all he
knew was that he drank the gin and water,
and the verses jingled from his fingers' ends.
He may olien have reproduced what he tiad
road thus without knowing it. It Ireqnenlly
happens that men reaJ facts, and thoughts,
and even sentences, and write and tell them
as their own, without knowing, thinking or
caring where they came from, because so
much more engrossed with conveying the
idea. Many an author has written twice
over the =ntne thoughts, in almost the same
words, without the leas', knowledge that he
■ was thus, as H were plagiarising from him
self. Coleridge thus abstracted from him
| sell, and from the German writers, thoughts
and pages, without knowing what ha was
1 doing. In fact his whole life and philosophy
was a grand reconstruction of other man's
thoughts.
Further than this, it shonlJ be distinctly
observed that the labor of polishing up an old
thought, and selling it forth in a clear and
lucid connection and style, is often great and
gives their chief interest to ma.ty of these
productions. The additional value thus con
ferred is too much lost sight of by those who
accuse ot plagiarism in such cases. Whets
an author knowingly conceals his indebted
ness to those who have gjne before, it is au
not unworthy of a great rutud. But thi*
is not so often the case as is supposed.—Fub.
ledger
nr During the year 1536. 362 persons
died of scarlet fever in Bosten..—lS7 males.
173 females. The oldest person deceased
' of tivis disorder was 40. The largest nur.i
bcr of deaths in any one month was j, p„
'•ember, when 115 died.
1/ The best college tor a voting "mm t
' graduate hi t* adversity.