B. W. Weaver, ProprleUr.] VOLUME 9. TIIE STAR OP THE NORTH is PUBLISHED EVERT WEDNESDAY MORNING BT It. W. WEAVKR. OFFICE— Uf stair*, in the new brick build inn, on Ike south suit oj Main Strut, third square bt.'otn Market. TER HIS TWO Dollars per annum, if paid within six mouths from the time of sub scribing ; two dollars and fifty cents if not paid within the year. No subscription re ceived for a less period than six months; no discontinuance permitted until all arrearages •re paid, unless at the option of the editor. ADVERTISEMENTS not exceeding one square will be inserted three times for One Dollar, ' end twenty five cents for each additional in sertion. A liberal discount will be made to those who advertise by the year. TUB WUKLU WITHIN. Many tell us of tlis beauties Of the world wherein we dwell; Of the foreal, rock and fountain, Of the crystal light and dell, Of the onward ties that chain uz With a holy binding spell; Of the gentle word ol kindness, That invite us—that it well. Still there's a worlj of beamjr Lies hidden from the view— The sacred world within us, With its varied shape and hue. Who can read the happy spirit 1 Who can paint the pleasing scone ! Are not thoughts that thus inherit Brighter far then gems may seem ? Have not hopes more verdant foliage Than the palm or lorest tree? Do not thoughts more gently ripple Than a peaceful moiiiidit sea ! Though the storms of adverse fortune On the outward world may frown, Still the inward world may glisten With a radiance all its own. Thejrock majestic towering, The cuvein-bounded shore, May be matched in mind's imagining Till time shall tie no more; The ocean'* v at expansion, With its fathomless abyss, And treasures deeply hidden, Are small compared this. The mind s insatiate longing With emt|es motion* ule, Knows no ending or u limit Through tho active path of life; Even then its powers expanding When this world no more is seen, Proves the beautiful enduring Of the world that dwells within. Frt i-7i Matoulny's History of England. Tltut dates mid Ikitnw-Notliliigi-m in 10*0 iu England. One Titus Ovtcs, a clergyman of the Church j of England, haJ, by his disorderly life and ! heterodox doctrine, drawn on him the cen sure of his spiritual superiors, had been com- i polled to quit his benefice, and had ever sines led a vagrant life. Ho had once pro- ■ fessed himself a Roman Catholic, and had passed some lime on the Continent in Eng lish colleges of the order of Jesus. In those seminaries he had heard much wild talk about the best means of bringing England back to tlie'true Church. From hints thus furnished he constructed a hideous romance, resembling rather the dream of a sick matt , than any transaction which ever took place in the real world. The pope, he said, hid intrusted the government ol England to the Jesuits. The Jesuits had, by commissions under ilia great seal of their society, appoint ed Catholic clergymen, noblemen, and gen- j tleman to all the highest offices in Chttrclt j and State. The papists had burned down London once. They had tried to burn it ; down again. They wera at that momeut planning a scheme for setting fire to all the i •hipping in the Thames. They were to rise at the signal and massacre all their Tioles. 1 tant neighbors. A French army was at the same time to land in Ireland. All the lead- j ing statesmen and divines of England were to be murJered. Three or four schemes had been formed lor assassinating the king. He was to be stabbed. He was to be poisoned in hit medicine. He was to be shot with silver bullets. The public mind was so sore and excitable that these lies readily found credit wi:h the vulgar; and two events which speedily took place led even some reflecting men to suspect that the tale, though evidently distorted and exaggerated, might have some foundation. Edward Coleman, a very busy and not very honest Roman Catholic intriguer, had been among the persons accused. Search was made for hit papers. It was found that he had just destroyed the greater part of them; but a few which had eseaped con tained eome passages which, to minds etrongly prepossessed, might 6eem to confirm the evidence of Oates. Those passages in deed, when candidly construed, appear to express little more than the hopes which the posture of affairs, the predilections of Charles, the still stronger predilections of James, and the relatione existing between the French •nd English courts, might naturally excite in the mind of a Roman Catholic strongly attached to the interests of his Church. But the country was not then inclined to construe I lie letters of papists candidly; and it was urged, with some show ol reason, that if pa pers which had been passed over as unim portant were filled with matter so suspicious, some great mystery of iniquity must have been contained in those documents which had been carefully committed to the flames. A lew days later it wis known that Sir Edraonrfsburv Godfrey, an eminent jnstice of the peace, who had taken the depositions of Oates against Coleman, bed disappeared. Search was made, and Godfrey's corpse was found in a field near London. It was clear that be had died by violence. It was equally clear thsl he had riot been set upon by rob bers. His fate is to this day a secret. Some think that he perished by hi* own band; some, that ha was slain, by a prise le enemy. The gnoet improbable supposition is, that bs BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY,: PA., WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 18. 1857. w murdered by the party hostile to the court, in order to give color to the story of the plot. The most piobtble supposition seems, on the whole, to be that some hot headed Roman Catholic, driven to phrensy by the lies of Oatcs and by the insults of the multitude, and not nicely distinguishing be tween the perjured accuser and the innocent magistrate, had taken revenge of" which the history of persecuted sects furnishes but too many examples. If this were so, the assas sin must have afterwards bitterly execrated his own wickedness and folly. The capital and the whole nation went mau with hatred and fear. The penal laws, which had begun to Jose something ol their edge, were shar pened anew. Everywhere justices were bu sied in searching houses and seizing papers. All the jails wero filled with papists. Lon don had the aspect of a city in a stale of siege. The train-bands wero tinder arms all night Preparations were made for barrica ding the great thoroughfares. Patrols march ed up and down the streets. Cannon were planted round Whitehall. No citizen thought himself safe unless he carried under his coat a small flail loaded with lead to brain the popislt assassins. The corpse of the mur dered magistrate was exhibited during seve ral days to tho gore of great multitudes, and was then committed to the grave with strange and terrible ceremonies, which indicated rather fear and the thirst of vengeauce than sortow or religious hopes Tho houses in sisted that a guard should be placed in the vaults over which they sat, iu order to se cure them against a second gunpowder plot. All their proceedings were of a piece with this demand. Ever since the reign of Eliza beth tho Oath of Supremacy had been ox acted from members of the House of C om motis. Some Roman Catholics, however, had contrived so to interpret that oath that they could lake it without scruple. A more stringent test was now added, and tho Ro man Catholic lords were for the first time time excluded from their seats in Parliament. The Puke uf York was driven from the Privy Council. Sirong resolutions were adopted against the Queen. The Commons threw one of the secretaries of state into prison lor having countersigned commissions directed to gentlemen who were not good Protestants. They impeached the lord treasurer of high treason ; nay, they so far forgot the doctrine which, while the memory of the civil war was P'ill recent, they had loudly professed, that they even attempted to wrest the com mand ol the militia out of tho King's hands. To such a temper had eighteen years of mis government brought the most loyal Parlia ment that had ever met in England. Yet it may ncem strange that, even in that extremity, the King should have ventured to appeal to the people, for the people were more excited than their representatives. Tito Lower House,discontented as it was,contained a larger number of Cavaliers than were likely to find seats again. Bat it was thought that a dissolution would put a stop to the prose cution of tho lord treasurer; a prosecution which might probably bring to light all the guilty mjsteries of the French alliance, and might*lhoi cause extreme personal annoy ance and embarrassment to Charles. Ac- cordingly, in January, 1679, the Parbament, which hud been in existence ever since the beginning of the year 1661, was dissolved, and writs wero issued for a general elec tion. During some weeks the contention over the whole country was fierce and obstinate beyond example. Unprecedented sums were expended. New tactics were employed. It was remarked by the pamphleteers ol that time as something extraordinary, that horses were hired at a great charge for the convey ance of electors. The practice of splitting freeholds for the purpose of multiplying votes dates from this memorable struggle. Dis senting preachers, wl o had !ong hidden themselves in quiet nooks from persecution, now emerged from their retreats, and rode from village to village lor the purpose of re kindling the zeal of the scattered people of God. The fide ran strong against the gov ernment. Most of the new members came tip to Westminster in a mood little differing from that of their predecessors who had sent Strafford and Laud to the Tower. I Meanwhile the courts of justice, which 1 ought to be, in the midst of political commo j tions, euro places of refuge for the innocent i of every parly, were disgraced by wilder I passions and fouler corruptions than were to j be found even on the hustings. The tale of Oates, though it had sufficed to convulse the i whole realm, would not, until confirmed by ' other evidence, suffice to destroy the hum blest of those whom he had accused; for, by the old law of England, two witnesses are necessary to establish a charge of trea son. But the success of the first irnposter produced its natural consequences. In a few weeks he had been raised from penury and obscurity to oppulence, to power which made him the dread of princes and nobles, anu to notoriety such as has for low and bad minds all the attractions of glory. He was not long without coadjutors and rivals.— A wretch named Carstairs, who had earned a living in Scotland by going disguised to conventicles and then in'orming against the preachers, led the way. Bedloe, a noted swindler, followed; and soon, from all the brothels, gambling-houses, and sponging houses of London, false witnesses poured forth to swear away the lives of Roman Catholics. One came with a slot) about an army of thirty thousand men who wore to muster in the dirguise of pilgrims at Cor ronra, and to sail thence to Wales. Another had been promised canonixstion sod five hundred pounds to murder the Kid'g. A third had stepped into an eating-house in Covent Garden, and there had heard a great Romsn Catholic banker vow, In the hearing of all the guests and drawers, to kill the he retical tyrant. Oatrs, that ho might not bo eclipsed by his imitators, soon added a large supplement to his original narrative. He had the portentous impudence to affirm, among other things, that lie had once stood behind a door which was ajar, and had there heard tho Queen declare that she hail re solved to give her consent to the assassina tion of her husband. The vulgar believed, and the highest magistrates pretended to bo lieve, even such fictions as these. The chief judges of the realm were corrupt, cruel, and timid. The lenders of the coun try parly encouraged the delusion. The most respectable among them, indeed, were themselves so lor deluded as to believe the greater part of the evidence of the plot to be true. Such men os Shnftsbury and Buck ingham doubtless perceived that tho whole was a romance ; but it was a romance which served their turn, and to their seared con sciences the death of an innocent man gave no more uneasiness titan the death of a part ridge. The juries partook ol tho feelings then common throughout the nation, and were encouraged by tho bench to indulge those leelings without restraint. The multi tude applauded Oatcs and his confederates, hooted and pelted tho witnesses who appear ed on behalf of the accused, anil shouted with joy when the vordiot of guilty was pro nounced. It was in vain that the sufferers appealed ,to tho respectability of their past lives; for the public mind was possessed with the belief that the more conscientous a papist was, tho more likely he must be to plot against a Protestant government. It was in vain that, just before the cart passed from under their feet, they resolutely affirmed their innocence; for the general opinion was, that a good papist considered all lies which were serviceable to his Church as hot only excusable, but meritorious. While innocent Mood was shedding under the lorms of justice, iMo new Parliament met; and such was tho violence of the pre dominant party, that even men whose youth had been passed amid revolutions—men who remembered the attainder of Slraflord, the attempt on the five members, the aboli tion of the House of Lords, the execution of the King—stood aghast at the aspect of pub lic affairs. The impeachment of Danby was resumed. Ho pleaded the royat pardon; but the Commons treated the plea with contempt, and insisted that the trial should proceed.— Danby, however, was not their chief object. They were convinced that the only effectual way of securing the liberties and religion of the nation was to exclude tho Duke of York from the thione. I Ire ii in s nml A ppiruttons. From the experience of many observers, and my own,* (says Dr. Forbes Winslow ) it i seems evident that in all cases of incubus, a | disturbance of the circulation is the predis j posing cause, and the dreamer thus affected invariably seems to lose all power over the voluntary muscles, and this condition of the muscular system differs from others to be subsequently indicated. And, further, we make remark, that in true incubus the inter costal muscles are implicated, hence the im potent efforts of (hedtearoer to resist attacks, and so forth. One example will suffice to illustrate the latter statement:— "A gentleman of our acquaintance, of a robust, active temperament, and well formed head, dreamed that he saw a low, dirty look ing boy open his bed room door, and in the most impudent manner stare him in the face, seemingly without heeding that ho was wide awake : and from this circumstance he became alarmed, from a conviction that there was some adult associate at the out side of the bed-room; that lie attempted, nevertheless, to speak to the intruder, but he could not; and yet he saw. with a sense of indignation, the jtiyenile thief open different drawers, from one of which he extracted a gold watch, and diamond stud 9 and rings, with a handful of notes and a bag of sover eigns ; and after packing them up, deliber ately, the delinquent came up to his bedside, and with a most impudent leer, nodded his head, and said, ''Good night, old chap." The wrath ol the sleeper was so great that he tried hard to rise and seize the thief, but he could not; he was equally impotent in the attempt to throw something at him, or to make ar.y r.oise to arouse his servants. But these efforts awoke him, lying upon Ilia left side, and his arm pressed against the heart, while his lower extremeties were cold." We may, therefore, reasonably suppose, the whole phenomena to the fact, that some of the muscles were deprived of a due sup ply of blood, and 10 an excessive supply of this fluid to the braio. The Norwegian and Swedish Lapps make cheese of reindeer milk, and carefully save for use all the whey, &c. They milk their animals summer and winter, and freeze the milk which is set apart foi cheese. The wo men consider this ns a great luxury. It is remarkable for its pleasant odor, and has a ready sale in Norway at a rather high price. The Russian Lapps have no idea of making cheese from their reindeer milk, although the manufacture, beyond a doubt, would be of great advantageto them. The milk iadis tinguisbed for its excellent flavor ; in color and consistency it is like (hick cream from the milk of cows, and is remarkably nour ishing. , iy Wealth oreatea more wanta than it supplies. Trath and Right Cod up our Country. LitmNDANI) ITS INHABITANTS. The number of the Russian Lapps does not exceed 2,000 ; those of the Swedish Lapland were estimated in 1844 at 4,000. and those of Northern-Norway 5,000 —n aggregate of only 11,000 souls. Besides the Lapp population, there are to be found o:t the shore of tho While Sea several villages of Hussians, stretching along liom Keren to the Bay of Kandalasch (or Candalax.) Between the vil lage of Kandalaschka and Kola, on the coast at the mouth of the Touloma, a distance of 213 wersts,—l4l miles—there are seven post stations, the mails being carried from one to another by reindeer, four of which animals are kept at each station. This mode of trans port, however, is only employed in winter; in summer everything being transported first a few miles by land to Luke lmandra, then the whole length of that fine body of water some sixty mites) thence across to the River Touloma, nnd down that stream to Kola. The navigation of tho lake, by the way, is not always free from danger. The language of the Lapps is similar to that of the Finns, from which race they ore originally an offshoot. The Lapps are gen eially of middle stature. They have large heads, short necks, small brown-rod eyes, owing to tho constant smoke in their nuts, high cheek bones, thin beords and large hands. Those of Norway uro distinguish ed from the Russian Lapps by the blackness, luxuriance and gloss of their hair; the more northern portion of the race ore somewhat larger, more mascular and ol a lighter com plexion than the rest. Those of Sweden and Norway are to some extent more cultivated, enterprising and industrious than those of Russia, and make light of the greatest priva tions and hardships. The richest ol the lat ter have not more than 800 reindeer, while the former possess Irom 2,000, lo 3,000. In Sweden and Norway, whoever owns from 400 lo 500 passes lor n man in moderate cir cumstances; with 200 a small family with proper prudence can live without suffering from want but less than this number plunges a family into all the troubles of poverty.— Whoever has not more than 50, adds his beard to that of some rich man, and becomes his servant—almost his slave, and he is bound in tho proper season lo lollow him lo the hunting or fishing grounds. Fish, game and the flesh of the reindeer are the usual food of the Lapps. Bread Ihev never cat, though of the rye meal which they procure in Koto or ol rtm It.tiainron In trmier for the products ol their reindeer herds, they make a sort of flat or pan cake, mingling the meal with the pounded bark oi trees. For this purpose the meal is first soaked in cold water, and the cakes baked upon a hot iron. They are eaten with butler or codfish oil, which is esteemed a great luxury. The min gling of the bark with the meal is not done merely for the sake of economy, the Lapps considering it an excellent anti-scorbutic.— They are very fond of salt, and eat nothing uncooked. Their cookery is all done in un linned copper vessels, perhaps becan-e in all Lapland there are no pewterers; more prob ably, however, it is a long-descended cus tom, sinco in all Northern Asia the use of copper was formerly universal, and the art of overlaying that metal could hardly be known by the rude inhabitants. Nevertheless cases of poisoning from the copper never occur, being rendered impossible by the perfeot cleanliness of the copper vessels, which after every meal are scoured with sand till they shine like mirrors. Besides, after the food is rufficiently cooked it is immediately pour ed into wooden vessels ol home mauulac ture. A Clean Sell, j A shrewd countryman was in New York the other day, gawky, uncouth, and innocent enough in appearance, but in reality with his eye teeth cut. Passing up Chatham street, through the Jew's quarter, he was continually encountered with importunities |to buy. From almost every store one rushed out, in accordance with the annoying cus tom of that street, to seize upon and try to force him to buy. At last a dirty looking fellow caught him by the arm, and clamor ously urged him to become a customer. "Have you got any shirts V inquired the countryman with a very innocent look. "A splendid assortment, sir. Step in sir. | Every price, sir, and every style. The cheap | est in the street, sir." I "Are they clean *" "To be sure sir, step in sir." "Then," resumed the countryman with perfect gravity, "put one on for you need it." The rage of the shop keeper may be ima gined, as the countryman, turning upon his heel, quietly pursued his way. IV Eliza Emery warns all girls in the South and West to look out for her gay, de ceiving runaway husband, David. Thinks he may be easily known; nnd to prove so, says "David has a scar oa his nose where I scratched him." If A law in Kentucky allows any widow who has a child between six and eighteen years of age, to vote in the school district meetings. cy it ia a singular fact, that when the In-' dian swears he swears in English. There are no oaths in the Indian vernacular. E7* An old maid, speaking of marriuge, says it is like any otter disease—while there ia life there ia hope. OP Hope ia the light of the lamp, but Faith is the light oi the sun. THE MISERIES Of lIUUPS. Hoops mske useful, pretty toys For active little gir's and hoys ; But hoops on woman, gentle. Are things to snaer at and to scoff, And like the whoop of a whooping cough, Neither useful nor ornamental. For while frail woman bones her skirls, And with a skeleton Haunts and flirts, She ha* so much to carry, Alan finds it hard with her to talk, And harder still to sit or walk, But hardest of all to marry. For when a smitten wretch has seen, Among the lost in crinoline, Tho one his heart holds dearer, Oh ! what a chill to ardent passion, To feel that lliro' this hollow lush ion, He never can bo nearer! That instead of timidly drawing near, And pouring into tne thrilling ear The flood of his soul's devotion, H must stand and bellow in thunder tones, Across a hall acre of skirts and bones, As if hailing a ship on the ocean! And if, by chance, the maid of his choice, Shall faintly hear tier lover's voice, And smiles her condescension— \\ by he captures a mass ot hoops and rings, Skeletons, hones, and other tilings Too horrible to mention. Thus lovely woman hoops to lolly, And drives poor man to melancholy, By her great frigid zones; Then let tier hear a warning voice, Between Iter hoops and hopes make choice, And give the dog. her bones. Hard Study versus Hard Filling. ; Students and dyspeptics, read this article from Hall's New York Journal of Health: Hard study hurls nobody, but hard eating does. It is a very common thir.g to attribute the premature disability or death of students and eminent men to 100 close application to their studies. It has now come to he a gen erally admitted truth, that hard study, us it is culled, endangers life. It is a mUehiovous error that severe mental application under mines health. Unthinking people will dis miss this with the exclamation o( "Thai's all stuff, ' or something equally conclusive. To those who search alter truth, in the love of it, we wish to offer some suggestions. Many German scholars have studied for a lifetime, for sixteen hours out of the twenty four, and a very large number, from twelve to fifteen hours ; lived in comparative health and died beyond the sixties. One of llie most sterling living minds, Professor KiU'imnn, the elder, is now, in midwinter, traveling, through the country, at the age of nearly eighty years and in good health, delivering geological lectures, living mentally on hard rocks, iron, irridium and the like. Another strong example of the truth that health and hard study are not in compatible, is found in the great Missourian, Thomas 11. Benton, now past three score and ten, and in the enjoyment'of vigorous health; a more severe student than he has been and is now, the American public does not know. Dr. Charles Caldwell, our honored precep tor, lived beyond the eighties, with high bodily health, remarkable physical vigor, and mental force scarcely abated; yet for a great part of his life, lie studied fifteen hours out of the twenty-four, and at one lime gave but'four hours to sleep. John Quincy Ad ams, "the old man eloquent," is another I equally strong example of our position. All j these men, with the venerable Dr. Nott, now ! more than eighty years old, made the pres ! ervation of health a scientific study, and by \ systematic temperance, neither blind nor I spasmodic, secured the prize for which they i labored, and with it, years, usefulness, and honor. The inculcation of these important truth* was precisely the object we had in view, in the projection of ibis journal, with the more immediate practical application to ■ the clergy of this country, whom we see j daily disabled or dying scorns of years be i fore their lime; not as is uniformly benevo ; lently stated, from their "arduous labors," j but by a persistent and inexcusable ignorance ol the laws of life and health, and wicked ; neglect of them. We use this strong lan guage purposely, for the ignorance of duly j to their own souls; for upon both classes of ] duly the lights brightly shir.e, full bright I enough for all practical of | nature, of science, of experience, and of grace. How much of the hard intolerant theology of the times was concocted and perpetuated by dyspeptic stomscbs, rellect ing men can readily conjecture. We take it upon ourselves to guard and guide the shep herds. We would like to say much more on this subject, but long articles are neither read nor copied, and by many a long cigar or a long quid would be preferred. For the present, therefore, we content ourselves with the enunciation of the gist of this article.— Students and professional men are not so much injured by hard study as by hard eat ing; nor is severe study for a lifetime, ol itself incompatible with mental and bodily i vigor to the full age of threescore \ ears and ten. WHO Owns LAUD IN GREAT BRITAIN.—In! Great Britain about sixty thousand families own all the territory, which is occupied by I over twenty-seven millions of inhabitants.— Five noblemen—the Marquis of Breadal bane, the Dukes of Argyle, Athol, Sunder land and Rucrleugh— own, perheps, one fourth of Scotland. The estate of the Duae : of Sunderland comprises about seventy thou sand acres, or more than one thousand square miles. CAN IT SB TRUE.'—The New York Even ing Post saye there ere at leatt two thcusanu gambling houses in that city, and probably a hundred faro bank* | Ancient nud Modern Water Works uud Tunnel*. ! We are liable to (orget the great works of j tho past, in our admiration of the present age, lionce it is a good thing sometimes to recall what the old engineers have accomplished, as a healthful stimulant to exuite our modern I engineers to greater efforts. The old Roman aqueduct*, for supplying that city with water, in the days of its glory, when compared with the greatest of modern works of this kind, dwarf them into insignifi cance. Rome had one aqueduct—Aqua Apia —ten miles long all underground ; another— Anio Vetus—forty-threo miles and neatly all underground also; another—Aqua Marcia— fifty miles long, and tho Anoi Nevus fifty nino miles long, with arches 109 fret high. I'here were also four other aqueducts a- I mounting to nine altogether, for supplying | Rome with water by gravitation, for there wero no steam engines m those to pump it up from tho adjacent river Tiber for city u, ti is now done in Philadelphia, Chicago, Cleve land and other of our cities. The noblest work of modem engine -ring for supplying any city with water i* undoubt edly the Croton Water Work* ol New York It* artificial tunnels aro carried over vallies, through hills, and over a distance ol forty miles. Tho work is stupendous In be sure, lor it carries a condensed rivet (mm the mountains into the City, but compared to tin old Roman water tunnels is not so much to boast of. Tho city of Montreal has recently finished some great work ol engineering for supplying itself with in the same manner as lite city ol Philadelphia, by employing the water power of the river In pump itself up to an olevated reservoir. Tho water from tho St. Lawrence immediately above the rapids, is connected by canal five miles long to a basin where two large wheels 30 feet in diameter work force pumps, which drive tho water through iron pipes lor about three miles to a double res ervoir situated on the mountain behind the city, at a height of 200 feel above tho river level. Thee reservoirs contain 20,000 000 gallons, ami were cut out of tho solid rock.— Thus froin tho elevation of 200 loot the wa ter is conducted through the whole city Next to the Croton Water works those of Mon treal, we understand ore the greatest of tho kind iu our continent. From present indications there ara a num ber of cities in llip United Slates which will 1 yet surpass old Home in extent and popula- I lion, and which must he supplied with wan r from distant sources. As no city can be be it s elean ant! healthy without a good supply of I water, we tell Miein to go to Home fur er j couragement and example, j .Soma great works of tunneling or boring ; through mountains, have, within a few year*, i been executed in Knrope and in our own cou.i --: try, for carrying railroads thro' ilpm, and ihe 1 tunnel now boring through die Green Moun- I tains, three miles long, is considered to ha the most expensive work of the kind ever attempted by our engineers; hut we have only begun to exeeu'e works of this kind, and we require in he stimulated. The Aila glienies, the Uncky Mountains and other | mountains have yet to be tunneled to make pathways through them for the '-Iron shred." Look at what the old Unmans did. Tbey cut a tunnel as part of a drain for Luke Fue:uc. and it was bored one mile through a moun tain of bard cornelian. It was in the form ol an arch, nine feet w.de and nineteen feet high. There wos no gunpowder then to as sist the miners in blasting; all ihe work of rutting was executed inch by inch by etp.v'y labor with the pick, wedge and chisel. Con sidering the amount of labor required for this work, our engineers have much to incite them — Scientific American. AN UNFORTUNATE MAN. —Shc-rifl I Wright of Northampton, Mass., is some hi u of a wag. A few days ago a scurvy - look ii: • stranger presented him with a paper, ear nestly begging for money. Believing him an tmposter, Mr. Wright banded back the paper, saying: '•( presume you woulJ'n: have asked me if you had known my situa tion ; for whether you believe it or not, ev ery bit of property I have in the world u in the Kinds of the Sheriff.'* The astonished atid compassionate stare of the fellow's eves a* that monveal- was a sight to see.— Sprinpficl I Republican. PRECOCIOUS CIIII.P.AEV.—A writer i: 5' .1- irood's Migatiut has the foil 'wing sensrb'e remarks upon the system of u '.natural forc ing many parents adopt in traini g thel: children in order to gratify their own p-.de with their pnteraatural displays of smart ness : " How I have heard you. Eusebius p y the poor children! 1 remember you look;..: at a group of them, an J reflecting. 'Fo • .' such is the kingdom of heaven." an i tut - ing away thoughtfully, and sa\ i g. -O is the kingdom of trade!" k child of t'.tr • • years of age. with a book in its i tit hauds, is a fearful sight! It ;s too often the dca'h warrant, such as tie condemned >. J piditv looks at —fatal, yet beyond Us com prehension. What should a child V roe years old—nay. five or si \ years old— ■ taught! Strong meats for weak digestions make not bodily strength. Let there be nursery talcs and nursery thymes I would say to every parent, especially to every mother, sing to your children; tell them pleasant stories; if iti the country, be not, too careful lest flicy get a little dirt upon their hands and clothes: each is very much akin to us *ll, and in children's out of- f door play soils them not inwardly. There . is in it a kind of consanguinity between j all creatures; by we touch upon [Two Dollars per Annas. NUMBER 5. tlio common sympathy of our first sub stance, and begot a kindness for our poor relations, the brutes. Let children have a free, open-air sport, and fear not though they make acquaintance with the pigs, the donkeys, and the chickens—they may lorse worse friendships with wiser-looking ones ; encourage a familiarity with all that love to court them—dumb animals love children, and children love thorn. There is a lan guage among them which the world's lan guage obliterates in the elders. It is of more importance that you should mak" vur chil dren lovii g, than that you should make them wise, that is, book-wise. Above all things, make them loving: then w ill :hey be gentle and obedient: then. also, parents, if you become old and poor these will !•<4 be'ter thnn friends ' w ill never nc,;h :t you. Children Lnu?.-i up lovingly ai your knees, wil' never shut iheir doors upon you, nod point where :l, -y would have von go." n.tKATHlMj.—There arc cortai > physiolog ical laws which, from their simplicity as • well as their importance, i liould be tnmiliar lo every person. These principles can l.ard lv be too often urged upon the attention ot the reading rommunily: for it is a melan choly tact that with all that has been writ ten and said upon tiro sul jeet of health, there is a widespread ignorance or indif ference in relation to its preservation. The process of breathing i- verv simple, though the machinery by which it is per formed is complicated and wonderful. And herein, at least, -all men are created equal;' neither can man boast in this respect over the brutes beneath him, for all existence is sustained by the same process. Here the prince and the beggar—,l.3 man of colossal intellect and the meanest insect, ore upon a common level. Vet the art of breathing seems but ill understood, or if understood but poorly prac ticed. Certain it is that thousands of peo ple of both sexes stop breathing altogether long before they have lived to old age, for the simple reason that they do not breathe properly while tliey have a chance. Con sumption. asthma, and kindred disorders, that count their victims by multitudes which no man can number, result in numerous instances from this fruitful source o: mis chief. The hurgs are ,-o constructed, that the largest one (tiie right iung). when prop erly used and developed, will c uc&ir. s gel lon of air: yet it may b : so contracted as to con'ain 110 more than a til. an i when tins stage ol contraction i., reached, a nerson nad be tor make his v.,. , an 1 all cher necessary ar.a:.go.uc.,t ; . .hi LU untimely den It is jrtsf as easy to haye a i road chest and fully developed longs a is to have t'icm contracted; yet there is only one way given, "under heaven or tiniuii" men,"' whereby this reer.lt rr.iy t e grained. and that i- to breathe r j-f v. 1. the first place, if you v.ot. ddo t!. you mod keep erect, whether -.ttir.g : standing: and then you mitt breatlie faliy—that is you must till the lungs to th. ir very lottom." Further more, you should often give th- i.ngsati extra, strength®:.irrg, 1 y throw! g back yntir arms ar.d shoulder) as far sap legible draw ing in all the ai- \ a "i. and • hen lefin it ofl by the slowest process. This invigorate., the whole system, and soon becon es a lux ury which one will not dispense with. It is particularly necessary f r penoi > f -eJeu tanii.-s. tea.-: e-. etc. T;.-:- 7 - aid never allow thcmsol w • : - si-, jr -