- I ■■■■■ 1.1. I ■■■.- )■'■ "■ - iulp ■.■ '■' Milium ■ ' i n ■■■■! ' "F1
THE STAR OF THE NORTH,
B* V< WMtw, fwyrWir.]
VOLUME 8.
TBC mil or TIB HOM'ftl
m NMMID lIT M*M HHM *f
a. w. wuvn,
OFFICE— Vf Main, in Mm mm irirk MM
in * 9§4ti% (f&tti
' Mir4 Mtri MM NWM. '
TERMS:—Two Differs p#r Mg, if
paid wlihia six moatbs'froM tire tfin* of sub
scribing: two dollars m 4 flfty oonli if not
paid within the year. No esbwmption TO*
cefted'fßr a leu period lhaa six months; no
discontinuance permitted until all arrearages
are paid, anteu at the option of the editor.
Aptcarts us ebt* opt exceeding ooeoqelre
will bo keened three time# for One Dollar
and twenty flro oenta for oetih additional tn*
eertioa. A liberal Bfwretint will be made to
theee who advertise by the year.
ma OP m NORTH,
a. w. weaves, uma.
Utuaaiwo tiieiwlar. Mev.-im, WA
The FreaMeaHal CJuciloa.
The eebjofoed table gieei the fall Tote at
lbs late election in each Stele, Where the re
call ia aeceriainad, and (be reported or ooii
'ma ted majority ia each of tfeo remaining
State*:
Frtt Stater. ffudtortoit. -| fVbnoft. | Trtmm'd.
Connecuce', 2,it* 42,498
feat' California, 35,000 20,000 30,000
kllinoie, 80,000 25,000 75,000
Indiana, -fIOIOOO 20,000 80,000
lowa, 20,000 BO,OOO
Maine, 45,171 1,513 27,579
•Maataalmaetla, 38,430 19,734 107,873
Michigan, 00,000 40,000 [
N. Haupabire, 32, W0 381 38,014 1
Naw Jewry, 39,883 11,772 83,018 1
New York, 170,844 113,816 345,8*6!
Ohio, 150,000 30,000 170,000'
•Pennsylvania, 231,000 90,060 . 110,000 1
m Rhode lalaod, 6,680 1,675 11,464 1
V Vermont, 6,166 1,306 35 313'
Wisconsin, 30,800 40,0091
• !
Total, 1,000,304 338,408 1,186,147 j
Fmeioni'i plurality m ftea Stataa, 126,843.,
Store Slater. Buokonim. | Fillmort. | FremoM. ,
Alabama, 30000 20,000 —-
Arkanaaa, 20,000 10,009 1
Delaware, 9,000 7,000 900
Florida, 6,000 5,000 ;
Georgia, 40,000 28,000
Kentucky, 76,000 70,000
I-oaiaiaca, 39,000 27,000 ' r I
Maryland, 83,27 41,498 300
Mimiuippi, 30,000 20,000 j
Miaeonri, 65,000 40,000
North Carolina, 50.000 40,000 '
South Carolina, - —— j
Tannamnr 73,000 70,000
Terra, _ . 20,000 10,000
Virginia, 80,000 OQ.OfO "
Total, 500,000 455,000 1,200
Buchanan'a roaj.in the Slara Statea, 104,000. j
Combined rote of Bucbanan an Fill
roora, * 2,353,542
Whole rota of Franroot, 1,127,147
Majority against Fremont, 1,215,175
Combined rota of Fillmore and Fre
mont, -j 1,820,455
Whole eete of Buchanan, 1,559,304
MajotUy against Buchanan, 261,151
Wboto rote for Buchanan, 1,559,304
Whole rota ol Fillmore, 793,208
BuiJmao orar Fillmore, 768,096
Bnetflnan oret Fremont, 432,057
Feaaaylraala Els alien Official
HaaataßCM, Nor. 14.—Hie following
ia the complete official of Pemtaylrania, al
the recent Presidepiial election:
Buchanan 210,000
Fusion— Fremont, 147,409
" —Fillmore, 55,838
Straigh 00l Fillmore, 26,338
Boebanau'e majority oret Fusion, <7,443
Buchanan over Fusion and VWraofe, 1,105
Tba Core root today imned bis Proclama
tion, declaring the Democratic Electors sleet
ed, and ordering their meeting here on (he
first Wednesday is December.
Mr. Hetihnnen u the Pacific Railroad
ffiaasuen.
Wheatumb, (near Lancaster,) Pa., {
September 17, 1836. j
To B. F. Washington, Esq., Chairman of
lbe Democratic State Central Committee of
Cslifotam 6k: I bare reeeirod numerous
commuoicatione from sources in California
entitled to high regard, la reference to the
proposed Fectfic RsUrosJ. Aa it wooid be
impossible for me to answer them ail, f deem
it meat proper sad respeetfel to address yon
a general answer in year official capacity. In
praforaaiag this duly to the cHiroa* of Catt*
foroia, 1 act in perfect cotniennoy with the
self-imposed restriction contained to ay let
ter accepting the nomination for the Presi
dency, not to answer interrogations sawing
wow and different iaanasfosm those present
ed by the Chromnali Convention, booaote
that Conremiou baa itself adopted a resolu
tion to favor of the groat work.
I thee desire to Mala, briefly, that concur
iag with tba Convention, I am decidedly £a
sarokh to the aana(i nation of the Pacific Rail
road; end 1 derive the power to do to it from
the oonsthatfonal power'lodestar* war,' and
the constat a tioa&! doty to 'is pal invasions.'
in my jodgment, Caogroaa poesaaaeaibesmee
power ro make appsopriationa for the see
•traction ef tbW road, strictly for tbe pnrpoee
of national dofonoa, that it hsa to ereot forti
ftactioet at tiro mouth of tbe harbor of Ban
Francisco. Indued tba aooomity, With a view
to lOput fees If tovaaiau from California, ia
aa great if th*ooe case aa in lbs other
Nehhw rniimm- Mdangas froae tbe Prace
rieußfor it is almost impossible to eoaceire
ttett any aess aoaedud by eueb extraordinary
slid unprecedented tetikgfleraaa eea can never
agaitt oceuiroi our hialory.
a Yeora, vary respectfully, ••
" 1 -4> JAMES BUCHANAN
BLOOMSBURG. COLUMBIA COUNTY, NOVEMBER 26, 1856.
r From ikoMta York Ji teens.
Kiliri ARCTIC ffXFKDITIOIf.
Dr. Xena la ene of tew atogafoily fcrtansre
men Who roe pwroitwd net only te perform
noble aatliroa, but to Wave a worthy rasard
of their history. The ateffirrobie ■qaeiHlre
which he has display ad in The dieaharge of
Ma oflletol'tafoa aw • awe pfodgb of pertn
nam fame. Co a ruga, wisdom, fortuity df
raauaiea, power cfe* did nrooe .flay otioato aa
Idea, awdskll In eeweropiiehmerit, ere Waaap
ad ae hie tat rapid aasuerofA re tie lasaaitlh.
Tba faltoaaaef taaahaad gives a ldfly ehar
aatar to'his adiaetrodua Iddroa. Ha might
wall ha eon tent with biaexpieiis, whtoh have
sailed forth so 'honor of tefout, that ia ruroiy
combined with tbe conditidna of Htamry ex
ceUenee. Dietincrion aa a writer was unne
cessary to-give btiiiiaecy la bis achievments.
Bat ia tlre eom posit ioa of tbaae volume*, ha
he* gained a new title N the admiration ef
Utb public. If they presented arorely a nar
ratiro of dfftor man's performance*, they
Would be ooonted as prodoelioot of remark
able interest, for their graphic rigor of de
scription, and the richness and nor shy of the
information which they Impart. But aa a
transcript of paraonal experience, they occupy
an unique place to literature. Written with
rare modesty and tone of great aimptieity of
expression, and a certain cordial (rankoeasof
manner, secoring the sympathy af toe reader
which at the is avidaatly taken for
grouted, a peculiar eh arm, apart
from their roßmtibaabie value ae memori
als of msiifjto discovery,
j The spepe features of Dr. Kane's plan of
. research entitled ia makiag tb* land-masses
on th* norm ol Gieealand the baaia af oper
ations, assuming, faom its analogies of gao
! graphical structure, that Greenland was to be
! regarded ae a peninsula approaching the vi
. ciuiiy af the Pole, rather than aa a congeries
, of island* connected by interior glacis is.—
. Ou this spot basis, th# course waa to pass op
| Bafflo'a Bay to the meat northern attainable
I point, sod thence, pressing on toward tbe
I Pole, aa far as boots or sledges cooid roach
I to examine the oo*sv-lines for veaigea of tba
i lost party. Tba Expedition which tailed in
the Advance consisted of seventeen men, be
sides the commander. Tbe equipment was
\ simple. A quantity of rough boards to serve
' for housing the rentel in winter, some India-
I rubber and canvass tents, and several strong
! vlodges, beili on a convenient model, com-
I pleted tba outfit. For provisions, ibey took '
' a liberal supply of pemmican, a parcel of
i Borden's meal-biscuit, some packges of pro- 1
pared potato, a store of dried finite and veg
etable*, besides trickled cahbtjOj, its salt 1
beef and poik of the Navy ration, bard bis- 1
en it and (lour. A moderate supply of li- '
j quors made op the bill of fare, shboogh tba
' party were pledged to total abstinence from ,
i this article, unless dispensed with special or
• derv.i
II Leaving New York on the 3Qth of May,
' 1853, tbe Advance arrived al the harbor of
' | Fiakarosea on lbs let of July. Tbsy prece
ded gradually along the coast, until on tbe
: 27th of Joly, they seated tbe entrance ol
I Melville Bay. Hera they encountered their
' first serious obstruction from the ice; Dr.
j Kane promptly decided te attempt a passage
r i through the bay by a new track, and after a
! rough transit of eight dey* the wiadoto of the
plan was confirmed by its success. An leas
, than ■ week they entered Bmith'e Sonod and
[ landing near Littleton's Island, deposited a
boat with a supply of Mores, with tba view of
, securing retreat toease of dUssier.
" We found to onr surprise that wa were
not the first human beings who bad sought a
, stir Iter ia that desolate spot. A few ruined
, | walls bere and then showed that it bad onea
I '■ been tbe seat of a rode settlement; and in
. i the little knoll which we cleared away to
. cover ia our storehouse of valuables, wa found
, 1 tbe asoftsl remains of Ibeii former inbahi
j tants.
j " Nothing can be imagined more sad and
homeless than these memorials of extiact life.
Hardly a vestige of growth was traceable on
tbe bare ice ruhbad rocks; and tba beta ro
f sembM so much the broken fragments that
f ! surrounded them, that at Aral sight it was
, ; bard la distinguish one from the qtlier. Wei
t rue bone* iy about in all directions, showing
, that this an final had furnished the staple of
, subsistence. Those wim seam mmaine, too,
, of tbe fox and the narwhal; bat 1 found no
t signs of tea roai er reindeer,
j Theee Evqutmaaa have no mother earth to
receive their dead; but they seat tbem aa in
, the attitude of to pose, the kneev down close
. to the body, adK inclose tham to a sack ol
. bkins. Tba implements of tow living omn
, an than grouped aromtd trim; they wa
. covered wito a aide dome of stones, end a
a cairn ia piled above. This simple cenotaph
. will remain intact for generation aftar gen
eration. Tbe Esquimaux never distort a
. grove."
On the western Cjpe nf Littleton'* Island,
. they erected a cairn, which might serve Mi a
i beacon M aay following party, wedged * staff
I into toe crevices of the rocks, and spreading
' the American flag, bailed its folds with three
i cheer* ae they expanded in tbe cohl midnight
. breeze They Immediately resumed their
B *ooree, basting toward tba north against wind
- and tide, and aeao wriving at the regions of
i thick ribbed iea, where ibey wwe compelled
r to arow their vernal to tbe rockx Among
i toe petty miaetie* which ibey now began to
- suffer, wa* a pack of some fifty dogs, which
. formed a vary inconvenient to
tiro traveling party. Tbaae animals ware
t voracious as wolves. It was no easy matter
r to supply such a hungry fam'dy with food.—
They devoured a ooupie of beam in eight
days. Two pounds el rsw flash every other
day wa* a ec*nty allowance; but to obtain
Trail iM tlfM—*• iM tar CMflfcy.
this was almost Impoeslbls. The pemmieaa
coald rtotlro sparse*—corn meal or beans
thoy Mdatd dot roach aad ante )aah wooWl
have kilfod thorn. Tba timely dieaavaty of
a dead nifwbal or unicorn proved an exoal
teat relief, afford fog six band red poonds of
ffaad whofosoaae flash, though oi a rather
unsavory Odor.
'Bat a mora serious trial waa at bead. The
Vcsaai bad boas released from hat moorings,
and had fought her way through the toe for
-several days, when the sky gave tokens oi aa
appsoaohiog alarm. Da the 2Otb of Aegaet,
tba tempest csme up with oamiMakeeble
Arctic foxy. Its effects saa be described to
no other words lhaa those of toe journal ef
tba dadattaro eommaodar;
"By Saturday morning it blew a perfect
harricana. Wo bad aeaa it eomtog, and ware
ready, with thsee good hawaata eat ahead,
and ail Ihioga sang oa board.
" Btiil te caoao OB traavtor rod havi*i f —4
the te* began 10 drive more wildly dour I
ibought I had aver wan it. 1 had jasi turned
to to warm and dry myeslf, daring a momen
tary 1011, aad waa stretching myself bat on
my bank, when I beard tba abarp twanging
snap af a cord. Onr six inch ha wear bad
parted, and wo were swinging by tbe two
gale roaring like a lion to the
Southward. a
" Half a minute more, and 'iwung,iwang!'
came a second report. I know it waa tba
wbaia line by tbe shrillness of toe ring ; Onr
noble ten-inch manilla still held an. I waa
berrying my last rock into it* seal-skin boot,'
wbea MeUary came waddling down the j
companiAn ladders—' Captain Kane, she wont
bold mocb longer; it's blowing the devil him
self, and 1 am afraid to surge.'
" Tba manilla cable was proving its excel
lence wbea 1 reached the deok, and tba crew,
as ibey gathered round me, were loud in its
praises. Wa oonld bear its deep Eoleea
chant, swelling Ibrough all tba rattle of the
running gear and motning of the shroud*. —
It was tiro death song! Tbe strands gave
way whb the noise of a shotted gun, and in
tba smoke that followed their recoil, we were
dragged odt by the wild ice at its mercy.
" Wa Meadied and did some pretty warp
ing, and got the brig a good bed to the rush
ing drift; bat it all come to nothing. We
then tried to beat back through tbe narrow
ice-ctoggeJ water-way, that waa driving a
quarter of a mile wide, between tba shore |
and tbe pack. It coat na two bonra of hard
labor, I thought skilfully bestowed; but at
tba eod of thai lima we were at least four mites
off opposite the great valley in the centre of
Rsdsville Reach. Ahead of farther u> the
north, we Could see the strait growing still
narrower, and lbs heavy ice tables grinding
np and clogging it between the sbora-clifls
on one aids and tba ledge on tbe others-
There was but one thing lafi for us, to keep
to some sort tba command of tbe brim, by
going ficely where we must otherwise be
driven. We allowed ber to scud under a
(reefed foretopeail; all bands watching the en
emy as we closed, iu silence.
"At 7 o'clock in the morning we were
close apoa the piling masses. Wa dropped
| our heaviest anchor with the desperate hope
lof winding the brig, bat there was aa with
standing the ice torrent that followed ae. We
had only time to fasten a spar aa a buoy to
toe chain, and left has slip. So want onr
best bnwer!
"Down we want open the gale again, halp
tesaly scraping along a lee of tea seldom less
than thirty Trot thick; one floe, maawiwd by
a line aa we tried - to fasten it, mow than forty,
f had aeaa such ice only onro before, end
never is sash a rapid motion. One upturned
mass rose above oar gunwale, am ashing to
oar bulwarks aad depositing half a ton of ice
in a lamp upon onr decks. Oar staaoeh lit
-1 lie brig bore beiseif ibrough all Ibis wiM ad
venture as if tbe had a charmed bfe.
" Bnt a new enemy came ia sight ahead.
Directly fit ear way. just beyond tba line of
flea ice against which wa were alternately
eliding aad thumping, waa a group of baags.
Wa had no power to avoid tbem ; and the
only question whether we ware lobe dashed
ib pieces against them,or whether they might
not offer ro eooro providserial nook of refuge
from tbe atom. Bat, wwo neased tham,
we perceived that they were at roma distance
from tbe flea edge, and separated from it
by an interval ef open water. Oar hopes
rote, ate th* gafo drove ro toward tbia pae
tage7kn# iWo fcf and wo ware ready to exalt
whan, from some omxplained ornate— prob
ably an eddy of the wind against the lofty
icewaße—we last ear hsodway. Almost at
the rem* moment we saw tbat the bergs were
net at rest; that with a momentum of their
awn they www bearing down span th* ether
foe, and tbat it moat be onr fata to boeraahad
between the two.
"Jost then a broad sconce-piece or tow
water washed berg came driving op from the
southward. Tbe thought flashed apon me
of one of onr escapee in MeMße Bey: and
ae tbe scones moved rapidly doe* alongside
us, McGary managed to pleut an anchor W
its stop*, and held on to it by w whale line.
It was an anxious moment. Oar noble toW
horte, whiter than the pale herse that (abroad
la be porsalng ae, hauled as biuaulji on, the
•pray dalbiag over Ma windward flasks, aad
his forehead ftfowfog ap the toarotfoeaeif
tn BOOM. Tha bergs atroroaehed opoa as as
WW advanced. Oar ehaebel eartwwad to a
Width of parkapa fofiy (set; wa broaad Tbe
yards to olear tbe impend tables wail*.
f——— clear; 1 bat ft whs a'
Plow shave—eo cleae that aw pert qoartar
boat would hsvs been eraekad if webed act
takea It in fioNf the davits ami found our
safawofldy the lea of a beig, in a caaapiia
tivaly opep lead. Nevar did bead tried men
aekoow ledge with mat# gratitude their wor
olfnl deliver ansa from a wretched death.
• • a * *
" Tba day bad already iu foil fliaro af tri
als ; bnl toste were more ia oerne. A flaw
drove as from oar shelter, aad the pais torn
carried aa boyood tha aad af toe lead. Wo
were egaia ia tha iro, umatfoui imaging
its onset by NIMiSM found lO I
ly on tha strength and baoyaoay of toe brig
to stand hs praaaore, romatiterro foafcdtog
wildly thioagh tha baU opened drift. Onr
jibboom waa snapped off ia tha tap; wa oar
■fod away oar barrieada auaabians, aad ware
forced to have oat little Erie, with tore# brave
fellows aad their out apoa tba floss
behind us.
"A tilde pool af opau water received as at
last. It waa jaat beyond a lofty caps flat rose
up like a wad, and under an iceberg that
anchored itself between as and tba gale.—
Aad hare, close under tbe fiowoignheroa of
Greenland, ten miles nearer the role than
onr holding-ground of tha morntag, tbe men
have turned in to rest.
" I was afraid to jo lo them, for toe gala was
unbroken, and tha floe* kept pressing heavi
ly upon (Mr berg—al ooa tune so beavtip as I
to away it on its vertical axis rewards tbe
tbote, and make it* pinned la overhang our'
vassal. My poor fellows had bnt a. precari
ous sleep before onr little harbor wm broken
up. They hardly, reached tbe deck when
we were driven astern, onr rodder splintered,
and the ptniel* torn from iliWir boltings.
" Now began tba nipping* tha first shook
took ua on oat pott quarter; the brig bearing ,
it wall, and. after a moment of the old fash
ioned anspense, rising by jerks handsomely.
The next wee from % veteran floe, longoed
and hooeysuckled, bnt floating in a single
table over twenty feet in thtoknwa Of coarse
no wood or iron conld stand this; bnt tba
shoreward face of our iceberg happened to
present an ioclined plane, descending deep
into the water, and np to this the brig was
driven, at if soma great steam screw power
was forcing her into a dry dock.
"At one time t expeo:ed to see ber carried
bodily up its face and tumbled over on her
side. But one of those mysterious relaxa
tions, which 1 hare elsewhere ctlled the pal
ace of tbe ice, lowered ns qnile gradually
do wit again into tba rabbiab, and wa were
forced out of the line of pressors towards tbe
shore. Here we rocceeded in carrying out
warp and makiog fast. We grounded a* tbe
tide fell, and would have heeled over to sea
ward but for a muss of detached land-ice that
grounded along side of as, and aitbongh it
, stove our batwark* at we rolled ever, it tho-
I ted ns ep. - 4f ■
We roust alto give his accooM of the ae
qnel:
"I could hardly get to my bunk, aa I went
down into onr littered cabin on tbe Bnnday
morning after onr hard working vigil of 36
hoars. Bags of clothing, food, tents, India
rubber blankets, and the hundred little per
sonal mattere which every man likes to save
in time of trooble, were soattered around In
placet where the owner* thought they might
have them at hand. Tha pemmican had
been on deck, the boats equipped, and every
thing of real importance ready for a mareb,
many hoars before.
"Dnrmff the wliole of the scene# I have
been trying to deMribe, I could not help be
ing struck by the composed and manly de
meanor of my eomrades. The turmoil of
ioe under a heavy sea often conveys tha im
pression of danger whan tba reality i absent
' hot ia this fearful paaaaga, the patting of our
hawsers, tba loss of onr aochora, tire abrupt
' crushing of sloven bulwarks, and lbs scuta!
' deposit of Ae npon onr docks, wroid have
1 triad the nerves of Tha most experienced ice
-1 men. All—officers and men—worked alike.
' Upon eaeh occasion of collieaion wito the
' ice which formed oar ice coast, effarts warn
made to carry out lines; and same narrow
- escapee ware Incurred, by the seal of the
f parties leading tham into positrons of dan
' gar. Mr. Bonsall avoided being crashed by
- leading to a floating fragment; rod no leas
1 than fonrof onr men stone time weie carried
1 down by tbe drift, and conlil only be roeov
-1 ered by a relief parly after the gafo had aob
-1 aided.
" At out brig, boron on by tha ioa, oom
meoeed her ascent of toe berg, lire suspense
was oppressive. Th* immense blocks piled
against bar, range upon range, patoaing them
selves under her keel, and throwing her over
upon bar aid*, till, Mged by the successive
aooatnolslion, th* rot* slowly, mid at if wito
omvahdvs efforts, atoag tba sloping wato—
Still there was no relaxation of tiro ia potting
fore*. Shook altar shock jarrtog hat la bar
vary centre, too continued to maanl itatedttg
oa ber precarions cradle. But ThegroMmg
I of bar timbare, and tha heavy nought af th*
ffo**, wa might have heard a pin drop. And
toe*, aa tbe settled down into her aid position,
quietly taken bar place among too hrokau
rubbish, there wa* a daap-braalhiag silaaoa,
as though all war* waiting for aoaro signal
bafore tba clamor af congratulation sod com
ment ooufd bom forth." **
Ay the Md of Aagast, they had readied
to* tatiwdaef 78° 41'—a distance greater
I than had baaa attained by any previous ex
i pis rev, except Parry oa hie Spitsbergen foot
I tramp. About thia lima aoaaHf to* parly
r bagon to exhibit aymptoaro of dteooateut—
i The rapid advance of wioter, the deprivation
i af r#M, and tha afow progress of too axpadl
i una, lauded to paadac* deptaarkiii. One
pareon vaiamaeiail mi option in favor ef to
i tatomg to the South, aad giving op tha oi
r tamp* to winter, it waa ao rime lea-half-way
t rwammr. Dr. Kane at one* called see ttaoil
- of hit officers, sod listened t# their view* In
foil- With hot a tingle exoeptioe, they tis-
II tiered their eorUrioiion thai • farther progroae
ito Aa aerto WM ito****lblo, aad irgad the |
i pvetMavy af wtaialag sratoward to winter.,
Tbe commander maintained tha appro*# |
vfow. Erpiainingth* Import anna of earning
a position which might expadiata fatora
sledge journeys, he announced bra ietaoiion
Of warping toward tha northern he ad laud of
tha bay. OOM there, b* oonld dstermina tha
bast point for tba oparatioar oftb# spring,
aad would pal tha btig Into wiatrt harbor at
tba das real 'poaailrls shelter. Hie oomradra
received the deeleion Whb a cheerful acqui
eaoence, and xealooely entered apoa the per
ilous duties wtieh it iuvolved. Daring tbe
progress tbfe gkllaut little veer*! ran aground,
aad to tba night bad a narrow esoapa from
fire. A anddan lurch fumbled the mec out
of their Wrths, and throw down the cabin
•love, with Wfoll charge of glowing anthra
cite. lit* dock blazed up violently, bid by
tba sacrifice of a heavy pilot-cloth coat the
firrrwa* smothered aatil water could be pas
te J dbten to exilugalsti tt.* Th- r -J* >u
notdar off • A few moments mora might
have brought the expedition to a sudden
close. '
About tha 10th of September the vessel
WM brought into a sheltered harbor between
the islands of tha bay, in whioh aba had been
: lying for soma time, end all hands prepared
for winter quarters. Of their mode of life,
daring the foog darkness of an arotio winter,
a vivid id** I*given by tha following extract
from Dr. Kane's journal :
" How do we spend the day when it ia not
term-day, or rather tbe twenty-four bonra ?
, for it ia either all day here, or ell niglit, or a
twilight mixture of both. How do we spend
tbe 24 hours 1
"At six in the morning McGary u called,
with all hands who have slept in. The decks
are cleaned, tha toe-hole opened, the refresh
ing beef nets examined, the tea table* meas
ured, and thing* aboard put to rights. At 71
all bands rite, wash on deck, open tbe doors
for Ventilation, and come below for break
fast. We aire okert ef fod, and therefore
cook in the cabin. Our breakfast, for all (are
alike, is hard tack, pork, flawed apples, (ro
sea like motaeaee candy, tea and eoffee, with
a delicate portion of raw po'alo. After
breakiaet.the smoker* take their pipe till 9,
then all bands tarn to, idlers to idle and
worker* to work. Oblson to his baacfa, Mc
Gary to play tailor, Brook* to bis preparation*
in canvas*, Whipple to nrak* (hoot, Bonsall
to Baker, Baker t* skin bird*—sail "the re*t
to the 'office!' Take a took into tba Arctic
Bureau. < Oaa table, one tall pork lamp with
rusty ehlorinstsd flams, three stools, sad aa
many waxsti freed than with their lege drawn
under theaa, 'He desk altera being too cold
for tbeir feel. Each bat hi* department; Dr. j
Kane is writing end sketching and projecting {
maps: Hays oopying logs and rr.eterologi.
cals; Son tag reducing bit work at Fern Rock.:
A fourth, at one of the working members of j
the hive, has long been defunct; yon will!
find bins to bod, or studying Little's Living :
Age. At 12, a business round of inspeeiion !
aod orders enough to fill np the day with ,
work. Next tbe riril of the Esquimaux dogs
—my own peculiar recreation—a dog trot, ;
specially referring to legs that creek with ev- !
ery kick, and rbeumalioshoulders that cbtoti-'
icle every descaut of the whip. And so we !
gel on to dinner tlmo; the occasion of an
other gathering, which ttalase* the .tea and
coffee of breakfast, bat rejoice* ui pickled
oabhigo and dried (fetches Instead.
"At dinner, as at breakfast, tha raw pota
to® come* to onr hygianto luxury. Like
doetor stuff generally, it ia not M apetixlng as
desirable. Grating it down nicety, leaving
oat the ngly red spot* liberally, and adding
the utmost oil m a lubricant,it ie a* much as
I can do to pevsoed# the mass to shut their
eyes am! boll it, like Mr*. Squeer's molarecs
and brimstone at Dothsby'a Hall. Two ab
eotntely refuse to lake it. I tell tbem of tbe
Sileaiariß whig it* lesvaa as *pibßCh; of the
whalers In th* Sooth Sea* felting drunk aa
the molawus which had praserved tha large
potatoes of the Axoret; I point to tbia gam,
ao fungoid and angry tiro day before yester
day, and m Rat aad am iable to-day—*ll by
a potato poult ioe. My eloquanca is wasted;
they parteVen in vejrotiog th* admirable
compound.
"Sleep, exercise, amusement and work al
will, carry on the day titt our 6 o'clock sup
per—a meal something like breakfast aad
something like dinner, only a little more
aeaat, aad the officers com# ia with the re
ports of the day . Dr. Hay* show* me tiro
log, I sign it; Bon tag, tha weal ber, I sign the
weather; Mr. Bonsall toe tide* aad thermom
eter* Thereupon Biro in mine anoiant
Books, end I enter ia his joaroat Na. 3 ail
work dona avatar hi* ebevge, aad dfiousa
bis labor* for the morrow.
"McGary cornea next wito lite cleaning
Up arrangement, inside, ontslde end on
deoks, and Mr. Wilson follows with ice
measurement*. And feat of all comes my
own record of the day gone by; every line,
as 1 took back upon Hs pages, giving evi
dence a of a weakened body And a harrasaed
mind.
"We have cards sometimes, and ohess
sometime*, and a few magazines—Mr. Lil
ian's Ihoogbtinl present—to cheer sway the
evening."
Toward* tbe end of April, the auaoge
m*ute fox a journey of exploration ware
completed, and leaving (he brig to charge of
a trustworthy detachment, four able-bodied
and aix disabled men, the commander, with
tevan others, set out apon th* topr over tha
to*. His plan WM to follow the tea-ball ro
tha Great Glacier of Hnmboidt, and from
that point to atratch along tbe face of tba
glacier to the aortbweM, sate make ro at
tempt to cross the ice to toe American itda.
WSfPW —-P
| Tbs Mom of lb* party nonsUltd" of poruttl
| cdn, broad, (Ml 100, • oanvass loot flva foot
by si*, and 100 tlsaplng bag* of Jjlndasr
okio. Tbo slsdgo woo light, baih of llckory,
and but nine foot lon®. A ooop Jta'.ila, lot
malting show and making too, woo arranged
to bail sitbdr with butt, or spirits. A
(iaioa of tbo party with another
otortott two dayo bofura iba dopartora of Dff
Kane, which took pldda on tbo &7th. lie
raucbed the Great Glacier io aafety. Tbo
coaet of Greenland in tbo vicinity io of a
bigblg poiiurasqua oboraotor. Tbo rod sand
otooe profonl ao impressive contraat w(fh tbo
bUok whitens**, associating tbc coU tints
of tbo dreary Alalia Carnlscopo wifb lbs
wans coloring of mors loathoro lands. The
different layers of the oiUT bora tbo appear
once of jointed notour;., and the narrow
lino of greenstone cape them asik natural
baltlemeote. At one place rote the dream;
semblance of a cast la, flanked with triple
lawsis, comtilalsly isolated and defined. To
there Dr. Kane gave the name of ine * uire'e
Brother Towero.' A (till mote etrikiitg ob
ject war b dingle cliff ot greenotone, north
of latitnde 70 degree*, which reared iteeff
from a [crumbled bate ef taadMonee, like
tbe bold); ohieeeted rampart of an aneiaut
oil;. On one extremity ttando e solitary
column or minaret lower, is sharply finish
ed a* if it had been caet for the Place Ven
dome. The length of the abaft tlone ie foar
hundred and eighty feel, tod It rieei on •
plinth or pedstal itself two hundred and
eighty feet high. "1 remember well,"say*
Dr. Kane, "the emotions of my party ae it
first broke upon our view. Cold and tick as
I was, 1 brought back a sketch of it, whieh
may havs interest for the reader, though it
scarcely suggests the imposing dignity of
this magnificent landmark. Those who are
happily familiar with the writings of Tenny
son, and have coromnndd with his spirit in
lbs solitudes of a wilderness, will apprehend
the impulse tbat inscribed the scene with
his name." No description con do jastice to
the Great Glacier itself. Rising in solid glas
sy wall,three hundred feet above the water
level, with an unknown unfathomable depth
below it, its curved fece sixty miles iti
length from Cape Agasix to Cape Forties
vanishes into nnknown space at not hiore
iliati a single 'day's railroad travel from ths
Pole. The interior wiih which it communi
cated and from which it is issued was an on
surveyed sea of Ice apparently of boundless
dimensions. .
The jonrney, however, failed of success j
in Voicing a passage to the north. Oo the |
sixth day the party was yusckeif by scar- :
vy, from which they bad suffered terribly!
| during the winter. Two of the ntlmb'el wdro j
J taken with snow blindness, add one was 1
' condemned as altogether unfit for liavsl. To {
: crown their discomfitures, ibey found that i
the bears hai| got hold of their pemmioan
j casks, and thus destroying their chances of
recruiting roeit supply of provisions at tha
several cashes. Dr. Kane himaelf was seii
' ed with vioHmt illness; h<B limbs became
rigid, and certain tetanoid symptoms made
; their appearance. In this Cobiiiiiou he was
unable to make more than nine mileea day.
j He was strapped upon a sledge, and the
! march Continued; but he was soou ae much
reduced aa to find the moderate temperature
oi S dog. below zero intolerable. His laft
foot was frostn up to Ike ankle joint, sod tbe
same uight it became evident tbat the diffi
culty in hie limbo was eaased by dropsical
effusion. The next day bs grew delirious
and fainted whenever be was taken from the
lent to the sledge. Every man io the petty
wee so far gone as to mike the continuance
of the journey impossible. Scarcely able to
travel, they bore the commander beck to
the btig, which the reached by forced march
es on the fourteenth. Dr. Kami was entire
ly prostrated for about a week. The first
business after He convalescence was to ar
range new parties for exploration. They re
turned in safety, with ample experience of
tbe perilx of Arctic discovery.
Pas-dog over the remainder of the sum
mer, without further extracts from tbe inter
esting narrative, we find the little party pre
pared to encounter the terrors of a second
winter it> tbat dreary region. The brig was
fast in tbe ice, and every effort for her
liberation bad proved unsuccessful. At this
crisis Dr. Kane called all hands together, and
explained to them the rcaaou which had de
cided him not to forsake the brig- He left
it to the choice of eaoh man, however, to
•lieinpt an escape to open water, or to stand
by tbe fortunes of the expedition. Eight of
(be seventeen survivors of tbe party resolved
to remain with their commander; the others
w.ere fitted out with every appliance that
could be furnished, and departed on their
almost desperate enterprise. Tbey carried
with tbem every assurance of a brother's
welcome should they be driven book; but it
was ooi audi after many weary months of
trial ami hardship that thay ware seen again.
Tha arrangement of the Wiaier-quaiUits
now occapiad tha whole aitauiiou ei the
little band. Dr. Kane determined to adhere
to tha roatina af observance which bad
—da ap tha earn af their daily life. No
accustomed farm was to he surrendered—
The importance of aystematio employment
was folly appreciated. Tha distribution and
datails of doty, the religious eaaroiaes, tha
oeremooimis of tha labia, tha Area, tha lights,
tha watch, a vac tbo is boss vf tha observatory
sad tha natation of tha tidaa sod tha sky,
it was daoidad should go oa aa thay had be
fore la ths -amteasl errangewtnt*, was;
usoful hints ware harrowed from the Esqui
maux. Tha ftttg wae thoroughly lined and
paddad with mam and turf. A ptta of bar
rels oo the jeecoatamad thai v tnpply of are-
, 'Ciw9 M ln P*r As—a
NUMBER 45.
mi-sWad bf pd pork, ftodf,beana,
.rrfldrfad apples, ftriafai
blockhouse. TbbtmefoWl
won placed along o efedhe dfrmflng • beam
of tbo brig. Tboro was bat a am all Mot* a I
vegetables. Aa piekiad cabbage, diW
apples and'flcaebes had loaf IMob ofdwir
In'i ncorbotio virtae by oonaisnt ON.
' Tho poia * eie n goaa. Nothing ra
miiaiil bat a fur Vfhkll Softies of florae*
radish 10 season tha standing Ufa of brand,
beef an J 'ftdtl. X kiud,'ut rool-bem w
bra wad by Hid Doctor from tha branches of
tha crawling willow, of hla<f a dock had
been Ibid in dome Waaka before. Tha gnu
procorad them andeeaaionai sdppfy of fraaf)
meats. Baal'a flash wee a faverhe diab, bat
itic Itver of that animal praved pe'ieonooe.—-
A Una noaioaa anicla of dial waa oto rat
A perfect warren of Una wiba aaaaooboiWl
ttia brig: They had become iapedav.i awd
fierce with their ineraaaa of number*, bath
-lag tnaUfee.rarai from their raaity. Part,
f igimi Tf "-'f fcft
tory, wer gnawed into and deerroyed. Tbif
harbor*d. among tha men'* bedding in rba
foreaestia, and at laai bacama intolerable
nuisances. Dr. Kaaa took hie rerang# by
decimating lb am for hia private labia. HU
companion* did spare hu taste, and bo tha*
h*d the frequent advantage oif a frash steal
soup. To this invitiug fare be aerobe* bia
comparative freedom from (curvy.
The want of fuel before the clow of win
ter compelled tham to reply upon their lamps
for beat Pork-lei, boiled to foaaen iteaah.
u the aabatitute for oil; and by thoaee *f
metalic reverberator, a tingle wick waa aaf
fioiant to keep liquid tan ounce* of laid wilb
a surrounding temperature of M dag. bdtow
aero. Raw meat waa now voted tbo aaeal
agreeable diet. A slice of biobbor oa a
chunk of frozen walrus-beef waa taken wild
infinite relish. The liver of a walrus oateu
with little slices of fat waa a dainty atonal.
The flash and biobbor of thai animal i*
•luted to be "the very bed fuel a man can
swallow." But of the savors viands die
party were now destitute. The tick began
to suffer for waat of meal. Tboy ware re
duced to three day's allowance of fresco
flash, at tha rate of four oancta a day for
each man. In thie emergency, Dr. Keoe
determined on a Igp over the ice to a aetilit
raant of Esquimaux huts at the distance of
about a bnndaail atilea. lie was accompani
ed by Uaoa Christarn, a native Esqntananx;
and Ave dogs Duriug the journey, a fright
ful storm came on. Before it bad fairly
commenced, the party ruoaeded in reaching
an old hat, which bad bean abandoned by
tbo Esquimaux. Taking in the dogs, with
the blubber lamp, teod sad bedding,
which formed part of the burden of the
sledge, they dosed up the entrance with
blocks of snow. They warn hardly boused
before tha storm broke out in all its fury.—
Completely oat off from the outer world,
tbey have passed many miserable hours.—
They could keep no note of lime. The only
indication of the atata of the weather waa
the whittling of tha drill against the roof of
the kennel. The time waa divided betwkeu
sleeping and preparicg coffee, whitfh they
drank with a relish. When warned by their
inatincts of the lapse of 12 boure, they
treated themselves to a meal, dividing im
partial bUa out of the hind leg of a fox to'
give coat to their biscnits spraad with frozen
tallow. It was two days before they wtrd
released from their narrow prison, reckoning
the time by tbe increased altitude of the
moon. Upon attempting to resume their
journey, tbey found it impossible to work
through the piles of drifieu snSvif. Sledge,
dogs and driyars were buried in the attempt.
Tbe two travelers harnessed themselves tu
the sledge, and "UFiad, levered, twisted and
pulled," bat all in vain. They wero com
pelled to give it up, and returned to thaV
wretched hat, Taking the back track, they
reached the brig the next morning, and for
several daya were incapable of ihe slightest
exertion. On the last day of Jabnary Dr.
Kane writes in hie journal:
Our sick are worse, for our traps yield
nothing, and^ we are still without fresh food.
The abscnoe of raw fox meal for a single
day shows itself in our scurvy, llemor
rhages are becoming common. My craW—l
have uo crew any longer—tha lenanla of my
banks cannot bear me to leave tham a single
watch. Yet i cannot make Peterson try (Be
new path which I discovered and found prac
ticable. Weil, tbe wtelched rartilh is over.
It is something to bat living, able to write -
No ooa has yet made tbs dark voyage, led
January desist is epon oe."r- ? '^aAa
One week afterward we find the following
entry. What a wotd of misery does it re*
"Still no supplies. Tbrea of of have becu
oat all day without getting a shot. Hans
thinks he couple of reindeer at a dis
tance; ami itiseyes rarely deceive bint, fid
will try lor thpw to morrow. I have fitted
out for him a tent and a sleeping bsig on the
second table land; and tbe thermometer is
now so tittle below leto that he will be altle
to keep the field for a steady hunt Oor
sickaja sinking for the want of fresh food,
ft t* the only specific. I dislike to use the
uupkihtsophioal term, but in our case it Is tfid
true die. lu large quantities it dissipates the
disease; iu ordinary rations it pr*?eu<a its
ocoarnmoe ; in small it ehecitdffjw&fe
Sustaining the pmiSnt. <Va have learned us
value too well to waste it ; every pari of av
ery jsoifps! bid iu use. The skin makes the
bssis df 1 soup and the clswt. can be boiled
to r jelly Lungs, Isryoz, stomach and en
are all enviable. I have not permitted
myself to testa mare than an occasional en
trail of our hut half dozen rabbits. Not that