THE STAR OF THE NORTH.
K. W. Heaver Proprietor.]
VOLUME 7. *
THE STAR OF THE NORTH
I* rOaUHIED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING BY
n. w. wrAVKii,
ornoK-tfp sinirs, in the new brick build
ing, an the south side of Main Steirt,
third square below Market.
TEH MJ:—Two Dollar* per annum, if
paid within six month* from the lime ol sub
•cribing ; two dollars and fifty cefitß if nol
Olid within the year. No subscription re
ceived for a less period than six moniOß ; no
(liAconiinuariea permitted until all arrearages
are paid, utile** at the option of the editor. !
ADVERTISEMENT* not exceeitiug oneequare
will be inserted three times fo. One Dollar
and twenty five cents for eaoh additional in
sertion. A liberal discount will be made to
those who advertise by the year.
MaflELYr.
S* THOUGH I S FOLT AMI RICANS."
And can it be, Americans,
That stealthily y creep,
To darksome dens where bat* and owls
Their midnight vigils keep ?
That like a guilty thing ye shun
The honesl light ol day
And when night pales before the sun
• Trembling yg (ink away.
That there with quivering hp and tongue
A wretched oath ye lake,
Which none but traitors e'er could keep,
A'td which you dare not break—
Ami bind yourself with lying vows,
Nothing to know 'hit's true.
But anything to aid your plans
With witling hearts 'o do.
And ye swear to rob your brothers
Of that treat ore we all prize
More highly than aught uther_
We possess beneath the akies—
The right he has of serving God
In the way his conscience calls,
And yet of standing high as ye
In Ins country's honored halls.
And ye swear to spqrn from this Iree land
The stranger weak and worn,
Who reek* like a bird with drooping wing,
Shelter from wind and storm ;
Who flisa to this,our (ar-futned shore,
A* a home for the poor oppressed,
But ye thrusthimbat k with a curse and blow
To seek elsewhere for rest.
Olt. shame! whete i* thy foolish bluah,
When deed* ol tdJob dark fame
Are daily done throughout our land,
In freedom's ill-n*ed name !
Am I ve so-called Americans,
Profane no more that sound,
11 Know Nothings'-' fitly are ye called
Who by such oath* are bound.
BEAUTY —There is something in beauty,
whether it dwell* in the human face, in the
penciled leaves of flowers, the sparkling sur
face of the fountain, or that aspect which
bteathes o'er the statute that makes us mourn
its ruin. We should not envy that man his
' fastings who could see a leaf wither or a
flower fall without a slight tribute of regre.-
This tender interest is the beauty of becom
ing grief and affection, for Nature in adver*i
\y never 11*. She comes more near
to us in our sorrows end leading us away
from the path* of disappointment and paid
into tier soothing recesses, allays the anguish
of our bleeding hearts, binds up the wonttils
which have been it.fli-'ted, whispers the
meek pledges of a better hope, and in har
mony with a spirit of uill holier birth, points
to that tiome where decay and death can
never come.
THE MONAD.— The Monad, tlio smallest of
living creatures, swarms by myriads in a ,
drop ol water: for it has ben computed
that within thia small space no less than five
hundred millions could be comprised : and
thia calculation is not to be regarded as un
worthy of confidence, inasmuch us the Mo- ■
* nad is never found to attain a length greater j
than the twelve thousandth part of an inch. In
a cubic inch of a certain kind of mould, con
aisting entirely of animulctilee, mora than
forty-one millions of distinct beings were esti
mated by Ehreuberg to exist; a fact which,
when taken in connection with others of the
lime nature, renders it highly probible tHiat
the living beingi ol the microscopic world
surpass in number those which are visible ;
to the naked eye.
INDIFFERENCE.— We prefer an out and out
enemy to a milk and water indifferent friend. 1
Indifference ia perfectly detestable. If a
men spita in your face, or knocks you down,
yon can wipe off the one, and if the blow is
not too hard, gel up whan the effect ol tbe ,
other has somewhat subtidnd ; but whan a 1
man looka at you, and does not look at yon
at tbe aame time—when he speak* •• tho' !
bp supposed you were dreaming, and was
< afraid to awaken yon—when he shakea hands
aa though he thought yon had tbe plague, 1
and waa alraid of catching it, we say, ftom
anch men and from such women, deliver us.,
We would rather live on a CUD of water
•rid a crust of bread, wear lindsev woolsey,
and lodga on the grass, than be unusr any
obligations to such person*.
■
A Jew Defending Christians. —At a Demo
cratic mass meeting in New Orleans, Hon.
E. W. Mols denounced Know-N'othingism
severely. In the course of his speech he
•aid : ' It is a new thing ior a Jew in n Chris
tian country, to protect the Catholic religion
from persecution; hut I am ready to stand
up, with hand, and heart, and arm, to defend
his rights. (Great cheering )—'These cheers |
■re not for nic, but for the cause of freedom j
and civilization/' (Rehewed applause.) j
A The member* ol the Hebrew faith have too ,
long endured social and political proscription j
to give their support to Intolerance. The
T*Catholiee of Loaisiana opened the offices of
tbe State to the Jews; the latter will not now
oloae them against the former.
CDRB FOR HARD TIMES.— At Connersville,
Ind , potatoes are a drug in the markets, at
fifteen cot pat bu*b!
BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY. PA.. THURSDAY. OCTOBER 25. 1855.
1111-: IV Alt IN tHK t It OIK A.
HISTORY THE SIEGE.
It! order to giie our readers a full account
jof the war from the beginning, we give a
-j recapitulation of the operation* and various
; banles up to this tune, which wefitidenu
, merated in the Sundry Dispatch:
I THE SITUATION OF TIIK FORTIFICATIONS.
' The tegular fortifications on the South
| side ol Sebßstopol harbor, built for its de
fence against a naval attack, are us follows,
beginning on the sea side:
Quarantine Battery, 51 guns,
Kurt Alexander, ' 64 "
I Fort, 50 "
FHnrt St Nicholas, 102 "
Fori I'aul, 80 *•
Battery, 20 "
Total, 367
These have been comparatively useless in
the si age, naval attack being cut off by
sinkitig eifeht men of war across the mouth 1
of the harbor, between forts Alexander and t
Constaitline.
As soon as the Allies hail landed, the Rue- !
iana set to work to built new defences on 1
the land side or rear of the city. Among 1
the-e were the loop-holed wall ami other '
tmpmmtu defences, including the Garden I
battpry, the Cemelry works, the round South >
tort or t-'enlral battery, the Great Redan, the '
Mamplon, the Mulekoff, the rifle pits, the 1
White works, the Little Redan, and other I
works, comprising altogether, pethaps not j
less than five hundred pieces of artillery, I
brought up from the nrsennl, sea side forts, '
and from the ships across the mouth of the '
harbor. On the North side of the harbor,
there are,
Fort Constantino, 104 gnne.
Telegraph battery, 17 "
Double range casement bat. 120 "
O.ltpr batteries, 60 "
Double B.ntery, 64 "
Extreme Eustetn battery, 20 "
Tola', 355
In addition to !\ieee there is the Wasp fort,
vatious earthwork*, and the Star fort capa
ble itself of holding a garrison of leu thou
sand men, with un amount of artillery equal
perhaps to tun hundred additional guns I
which would give an aggregate to the regu
lar for's, batteries and earthworks on the
North aide, of upwards 500 guns. These
have yet to be taken ; but as they occupy, a
line of cliffs commanding the town, they
cannot be tafcpn by bombardment from the
opposite side.
THE BLACK SEA FLEET.
In 1855 there was published the following
catalogue of tlte Black Sea fleet of His Im
penal Majesty, the Emperor of Ru-sia:
The Warsaw 120 The Msrchmoni 90
Sillistria, 90 Catharine, 90
Tchesiia, 90 Adtiaiinpls 90
Maris, 90 Zlatoust, 90
Anapa. 90 l'iruen, 90
Pantik Ifslaphi 90
FRIGATE*.
The Bourgaa 60 The Brailnff, 40
Euos. 60 Aguthopol, 60
Varo4, 60 Anna, 40
letiedos, 60
CORVFTTES.
Stzopoli, 60 Oresta.
Iplujenis, 24
Brig Mercery, 20; two schnonerv, each; 14
' one culler and one lender.
In imdiiion to this list, we find in the Rus
sian account of the destruction of the Turkish
fleet a' Sinope, three ships, the City of Paris,
. the Grand Duke Constantino, and the Tri ,
Sviatilelia, each ol 120 guns, mentioned as
- among the Russian squadron ; also the fri
gates Rostisluff, the KHJOUI and Kotiluvlcha.
- and the war steamers Odessa. Crimea, Bes
sarabia and Chersonese*, making an aggre
gate ot some thirty ships of war, ol all of
which not a vessel now remains afloat.
These specifications, military and naval,
will afford some idea of the necessities Jo
Russia of her courageoos and desperate de-
I fence of Sebastopnl; for not only was the .
• key to Constantinople and the possession of
j the Crimea involved in the contest, but her
I Black Sea squadron, without which her great ,
- commercial outlets of the Dnieper and the !
' Don, and her world-supply granaries of Odes
' sa, are at the mercy even of the Turk.
j THE ATTEMPTS OF THE ALLIES TO TAKE SEBAS
TOPOL.
The following condensed chronological ac
! couut gives an interesting summary of events:
j SEPTEMBER, 1854.
14.—Tbe Allied am > 70,000 man, con
sisting of English, Fiench o'ul Turkish troops,
j lauded at Eepatoria, in the Crimea. It was
i conveyed iri 100 vessels arid escorted by the
1 entire fleet of war ships then in the Black
Sea. Twelve thousand men were left at
Ballschik,—(Tutkey,) with an immense force
ol artillery.
20 —Battle of the Alma. In this engage,
ment the English brought into action 20,000
men ; the Turks (estimated by readers and
the hinlsof civilized general officers,) 8,000. '
The Russians had 38 000 men, in a good
: position on tl|e heights across the river,
! wffich ware stotmed and turned by the Al
ij lies As a result, the general* sta'ed that
I Hit- English had 31b killed, 1,818 wounded ;
I the French 318 killed, 1,033 wounded; the
| Russians 2,480 kilted and 4.680 wounded
I and the Turks (no official- -report* regarding
; then losses,) 256 killed, and 1.230 wounded,
i The lists returned aa wounded contain nil
who were lost by accident or in crossing the
river or jnai alter the battle. Amongst the
English dead were 96 officers, 114 sergeants
and 24 drummers. Tbe French 10-a in offi
cers wua reported as about the same with
that of the English. The Turkish lots it
only animated, at the English or French I
Truth tad ftlffht God and our Country.
! officers did not allude to il, and the Sultan
has nerer made a return, in any way known
to Christian readers, in public.
23.—A powder msguzirie, belonging to the
Russian army, exploded at Perekop, and 430
i men were killed.
26.—Marshal St. Arnand resigned ihechiel
| command of the French army, and left for
Constantinople. He was then in bad health,
and died a few days after.
OCTOBIR.
12.—From sth to thi* day the Russians of
Sebastopol had, by bombardment, 120 men
killed and 460 wounded. Admiral Koruiliet
was among the killed.
17. Renewed bombardment. The Allies
fired by sea and land on Sebastopol, when
the English had 44 men killed arid 266
wounded, and the French 30 killed and 186
wounded on their ships by the Russian fire
from the batteries. Russian loss nol known
; —supposed to be trifling.
23 —The Russian garrison in Sebastopol ,
| sailed forth and captured a French battery.
I The French had 64 men killed, and the Rna- |
' sians 20. During the sortie the English had '
four men wounded, the French 76, and the
j Russians 37. Lord Dunkelltn waa taken!
Iprisnaer. I
18—Two hundred and thirty French kill- I
eil by the explosion of a siege battery ; 465 :
| Russians killed by an explosion in the Re-
I dan.
25.—Battle of Bal.iklara. There were en- '
gaged 30 000 Russians, 3000 English, 4000 j
French, and a little more of that number of |
Turks. Tbe Russians had 1730 killed, the j
English 1100, the French 230, and the Turks:
about 980. The wounded were not counted
by any parly. The English light cavalry,
'tbe Light Brigade,' wero nearly annihilated
in their charge. Their horses are included
among their killed.
26.—The Russians made a sortie toward*
Balaklavu Iroin Sebastopnl. They number
ed 8000. They had 675 killed. The Allied
loss was between two and three hundred.
NOVEMBxR.
s.—Battle of Inkermann. Here the Rus
sians had from 4f.,000 to 50 000 men, the
I English 8,000, and the French 6480. The
English had 462 killed and 2143 wounded; |
the French 389 killed HIKI 1,337 wounded : i
grid the Russians 3,011 killed and 3 609
wounded. One hundred and five officers
were killed.
6.—A Turkish troop ship lost in the Black
Sen, and 701 men drowned.
14.—A terrlficstorm occurred in the Black
Sea. The English lost five war ships, inclu
ding "The Prittce" and •hirty-five merchant,
men About 7,109 lives were lost, and
twaiity-three trading vessels were much dam
aged.
19. Four hundred of the English and
French lost by a second storm in the Black
Sea.
25.—Russian sortie from Sebastopol
Forty-three English, 27 French, and 245
Russians killed. Wounded not enumerated.
The English look 9 Russian gun*.
29.—Seven hundred Russian powder wag
ons lost in a snow stoim near Perekop with
7.000 men.
29 —For eleven nights (up to December
13) from this dale, the Russians made sor
ties from Sebastopol on the French trenches.
Each night the French lost (in killed) about
forty men, and the Russians seventy. The
French would have thus lost 440 and the
Russians 770. No return* of the wounded.
Cholera and fever raged in the Allied line.
The commanders estimated their losses front
these diseases alone at the rate of fifty men
a day, from November 15'h to December
28th, thus running a dead list of I 680.
From November 10th to December Ist,
I 020 Tuika had died of disease, and 225
from the effects of wound*. Total Turkish
dead, 1,275.
DECEMBER.
12.—One thnosand one honrlred sick men
of the Allied army removed from the trench
es and camps to Rslaklavt. One hundred
I English soldiers—fool guards and 79 regi
' ment—died of wounds and disease.
16 —From this night to the 28th, the Rus
sians made eight sorties, and had 897 men
killed. The Allies lost 608.
22.—The French had 3,794 sick in the
hospitals of Constantinople, of whom 1,337
were dangerously wounded.
24 —Four hundred and fifty-six Russians
drowned in the sea of Azof! by the lots of
five war ships.
31 —The Russians had lost 6000 men in
and around Sebastopol in ten day*.
JANUARY, 1855.
7 —The English had -four thousand three
hundred and eighty-seven men in the hospi
tals at Scutari, dying at an average rale of
sixty per nay. The Turkish army was be
ing out off at the rate of forty men a dav.
11 —Kortv Russians and seventeen French
I killsd in a sortie.
13.—Seventy four Russian*, forty-eight En
glish, and iwuuty aix French killed in a sor
tie.
15.—Allies lost 101 in a sortie, and the
Kussiana 21C.
20 —Russians and French lost 49 men in
a sortie.
23 —One hundred and seventy-six Frouch
and tilt)-nine Russians killed in a sortie.
31.—One hundred and eighty-five French
killed, and one hundred and fifteen wound
ed iu a sortie. Russian lost uol stated.
Russians said they had lost:
Kilted or died of wounds, 7,101
1 Died of wounds or accident,
Of o'her wounded and ptiibners, 11,329
I Total hare de combat, 20,763
FEBRUARY.
The English armv in the Crimea had
dwindled down to 12,000 men. The Russian
troopa in the Dobrudncha WHS being swept
off at the rate of thirty men a day by fever
i and cholera.
| The Turks in the Crimea were dying in
! large number*, but 110 returns were made.
13.— Thirty-five Russian* killed in a tor
| tie and five Frer.ch.
| 17 —Battle of Eepatoria. The Russians
i had twenty thousand infantry and six thou
: sand cavalry. The Turks and British fleet
1 defended the place. Ru-aian* lost 200 kill
ed and 1.140 wounded. The Turk* had
150 killed, but wounded no* stated. British
! lost none.
MARCH.
I.—Allied fire re-opened on Sebastopol.
12.—The Russians fired fro.n the heights
of Bxlaklava on the Allies.
14 —The Turkish cavalry made an ad
vance from Eupatoria, but was repulsed by '
the Russians, and lost thirty-five men.
17 —The Russian* routed an advance of !
the Turkish infantry from Eupaioria and !
killed 00 men ; Russian loss fourteen killed.
—The French attaked the Russian re- >
doubts before Sebastopol, but were repuls
ed, losing one hundred and sixty-nice men.
22.—Russian sortie from Sebastopol. They
had 493 killed and 1000 wounded. The En-'
gli*h and French loss reported as only alight.
23.—Tremendous sortie of die Russians.
Ti.ey had 760 killed and a large number
wounded. French had 350 killed, including
two officer*, and the English 410 killed, in
cluding two officer*.
APRIL.
9—Three hundred and lofty Allied guna
opened fire on Sebastopnl.
13—Severe sonie engagement. Lota on
all "idea 1.000 killed, and 2,880 wounded.
24 —Loss of a Sardinian transport by fire,
with eight men.
MAT.
I.—The French took the Russian rifle pile.
French loss, 380 killed and about eix hun
dred wounded. Rn*sians killed, 408, and
wounded supposed 2.000.
2 —Allied advance upon Russian works
of counter approach. Severe engagement,
but losses not reported.
3.—Russians anempt to retake their works,
but were defeated, with great lo*s.
10—Two severs Russian sorties on the
rigbi line ot the Allied attacks were repulsed
with great loss on all sides.
11 —Another desperate sortie by the Rus
sians.
12.—Hortie on the British right line. Over
one hundred English killed. Russian loas
much greater.
19.—The English, French, Turks and Sar
dinians had 220,000 men operating in the
Crimea.
23.—The French carried on a severe fight
wiui nearly the entire garrison of Sebastopol,
who were delemling a place des armee near
the quarantine bastion. The French took
pari of it. The bat'le lasted all nighi, but
the losses were not given.
24.—The French carried the remaining
por ion of the work* The Russians had 25.-
000 man hart de combat, and the French (17
battalion*) nearly as many.
Tbe Allied squadron euiered the straits of
Kertch and commenced the destruction of
all the nouses, feed tuppliee, public build
ingv, &e., near which the ship* could reach.
28—Up to thia day the Allies in the aea
of Azoil had committed great ravage*.
JUNE.
s.—Seven English soldiers killed by the
Russians at Hango.
6.—Another bombardment of Sebastopol.
The French made a fierce attack on the ,
Mamelon.
7.—Capture of the Mamelon and White
lowers, after a dreadful fight. Russian loss !
3,360; French 4 000 men kore de combat;
English, 150 men and It officer* killed, 150
wounded, and fifteen missing.
14.—The Allies, in the sea ot Azoff, had
taken Kertch, Arabat Anapa, Genciichi, |
Bardiansk, Mariapol and Taganrog. Most {
of theni were burned, the tahabitanli plun
dered, and the country devasttled.
18 Assault on Ihe Mamelon and Redan
by the French and EngPah. They were re
pulsed. French loss, 37 officers killed, 19
desperately wounded, and 17 prisoners ; 1,
544 men killed and missing, ami 1,644 gone
to ambulances. English officer-' killed, 19;
wounded 74 ; men killed and wounded, 1,-
589. Russians lost, killed, 2 general officers
atjil 78 men, and 4,194 wounded.
JULY.
10.—Fourth bombardment of Sebastopol.
J4.—Russian sortie on the Frenoh.
16—Another sortie. Estimated losses of
these operations: Allies 2000 killed and
wounded; Russians, 5000.
AUGUST.
11.—Bombardment of Swesbnrg. Forty
five Russians killed and 260 wounded
16.—Battle ofTraktir bridge. French lo*a,
9 officer* and 318 men killed; 8 officers aud
1163 wounded. Russians, 3 generals and
about 3000 men killed, with over 5000
wounded. English lots, none. Sardinian
loss, 600 men hors dc combat.
17.—Sebastopol again bombarded.
JOSH TO SARAH.
"Now Sarah Deer
o do not weep no more
for it ie 1 that am bear
With plenty of love in store."
Sarah haa got wept NO more ever since
NOUN ANIimuKMNG.
BT R. H. STODDARD.
There are gains for all our losses,
There are balms for all our pains ;
But whsn you'h, the dream, departs,
Il takes something from our hearts,
Aod it never comes again !
We are stronger, and are better,
Under manhood's steroer reign ,
Still we leel that some thing sweet,
Followed youth with flying feet,
Aud will never come again I
I Something beautiful is vanished,
And we sigh for it in vam ;
We behold it everywhere.
On the earth and in ihe air-
But it nevercomea again !
Bf Uis a work of considerable difficully
to believe all the stories of vegetable life
that come to us in the California papers
VVe can sfand beets aa long as a man'* leg
and thirty inches iu circumference, onions
ai lane aa a perk measure, and cabases
weighing sixly pounds; but when they swear
to a hundred and twenty bushels of wheat to
the acre, and potatoes weighing half a hun
dred we begin lo hesitate. But their big
trees are the wonder of the world The
Mammoth Gtove ia a forest of such monsters.
Situated 4,500 feet above San Francisco, it
has come to be a summer resort of the people.
The largest tree ia 95 feel in circumference :
and two are 95 feet in ciicumfetence, and
300 feet high, and beautiful to look at. At
ihe grove ia a first class hotel. In the body
of the big tree there is a house 24 by 80,
which contains two fine bowling alleys.-
The stump of this tree ia intended for a ball
room.—Buffalo Advertiser.
A SOURCE or SMILES.— Dr. Franklin having
noticed that a certain mechanic who worked
near hia office, was always happy and smi
ling, ventured at length to ask him for the
secret of hit constant cher rfulnens. "No
secret, Doctor," he replied. " 1 have got
one of the best wivea; when I go to work,
she alwray* has a kind word of encourage
ment for me ; and when I go Itnme, she
meela me with a smile and a kins, and the
tea is sure to be ready; and she lias done so
many thing* through the day to please me,
that I cannot find il in my heart lo apeak an
unkind word to anybody."
j DON'T ac AFRAID —Carry yourself erect,
! and by the serenity of your countenance and
; puritv of your life, give the tie to all who
would belittle you. Why be afraid of toy
man ? Why 'crook the pliant hinges of your
knee' that"ibrift may follow !" No, fiiend
fear them not. Bjild up your character with
' holy principle*, and if your path benotatrewn
with holy flowers, let il he beautiful with
the light of divine life, and you will leave
behind a noble example, which will be to
the world a perennial flower.
While President Pierce was standing near
the hotel at which he had taken room*, a
little chap nf a few summers, finding his hat
I band unbuckled, went up to the President
j and accosted him :
I ' Fix iny hat band, air ?'
1 What is your name ?' said the Pteaident.
' De Biee ——
' Do you know ms ?'
' Yes, you are the President,' said Ynung
America ; 'fix ray hat biad ?'
Tbe President fixed hie hat baud, and
then Young America went to hia play, con
tented and happy, that he, too, was Ihe
President's ' pse:.'
Three boys happening cne summer day to
ba cacuht out in a violent thunder storm,
(ought refuge under a tree, where they had
I been but a short time when a tree but a
i short distance Irom the one they were under
waa struck by lightning and shivered In at
j oms. One of the boys, with seriousness aud
anxiety plainly depicted in his countenance,
says to the other: 'Bill, can yoa pray?'
| 'No.' ' Pete, can yon pray ?' ' No. 1 ' INor
j I either, but by boky something most be
i done.'
A Quaker, on hearing a man curse a par
ticular piece of road, went up to him and
said,—
" Friend, 1 am under obligations to thee.
What thou hast done I would have done, '
but my religion forbids it. Don't let thy
conscience, however, bridle thee. Give thy
indignation winge, and suffer not Ihe preju
dices of others lo paralyze tbe tongue of jus
tice and long suffering, yea verily.
A TRAVELLED ''LEVY."— Fourteen yeafs
ago. a gentleman now residing in Pittsburg,
■tamped his name upon a piece of the silver
coin commonly known -a the 'levy.' Lately
he received it by letter from hia brother in
lowa, who had received it there. The his
tory of that "hilling would be corious. Who
can imagine ita various adventure* ?
A fancy man bought a horse of a country
man, giving therefor forty dollar* in cash,
and hia note lor a like amount. Afier the
note waa drawn, signed and placed in the
hand of the idler, the latter remarked, " I
s'poae this note ie good." The barer coolly
replied : " A"k these fellow* here ; they've
all got 'em I"
GT We derive great pleaanre Irom be
holding an obcdier.l aud affectionate child (
be it eon or (laughter; a modest and aenai
ble woman, married or unmarried ; aud an
upright or feariesa man, whether old or
young. The first command* our love, tbe
second our admiration, and the third our re v-
I Letter from Henry A. Wise.
The Boston Committee on the Slavery
Lecture* hake received the following very
apicjr and very characterialic and very polite
letter from Gov. Wise, of Virginia. The let
ter ia italicised according to the aotbor'e
manuscript:
ONLY, NEAR ONANCOCK, I
Accomack Co., Fa., Oct. 5, 1855. }
GENTLEMEN : On my return home, after an
absence of some days, I found yovis of the
19tb ult., "respectfully inviting me to deliver
one of the lectures of tbe Coarse on Slavefy,
at Tremont Temole, in the city of Bottou, on
Thursday evening, January 10, 1859; or if.
that time wilf not suit my engagements, ynu
request that I will mention at once what
Thursday evening between Ihe middle of
December and tbe middle of March next,
will be*l accommodate me."
Now, gentlemen, 1 desire to pay you dae
respect, yet you compel me to be very plain
with you, and lo say that your request, in
every sense, is insulting and offensive to me.
What subject of Slavery have you "initiated
lectures" upon? I cannot conceal it from '
myself that yon have undertaken in Boston,
| io discuu and decide whether my property in
Virginia ought to remaiu mine or not, and ■
whether it should be allowed the protection ,
of laws, Federal and State, wherever it may 1
be carried or may escape in the United
Slates; or whethei it jhall be destroyed by a '
Higher Lnw than Constitution* and Statutes!
Who are you to assume thus such a jurisdic
tion ovet a subject so delicate, and already
fixed in its relations by a solemn compact
between the States, and by States which are
sovereign? I will not obey your summons, :
nor recognize your jurisdiction.
You have no authority and no justification :
for thue calling me to account at the bar of
your tribunal and for thus arraigning an in- j
rtitution, established by laws which do not
reach you, and which you cannot reach, by 1
calling on me to defend it.
Yon send me a card lo indicate the char
acter of the lecturere [of the last year ] It
reads: "Admit the bearer and lady to the I
independent Lectures on Slavery. Lecture '
Committee, S G.Howe,T. Gilbert, George
F. Williams, H. T. Parker, W. Washburn,
B B Mussey, W. B. Spoonef, J W. Stone." .
Il it indorsed : 'Lectures at the Tremont'
Temple, Boston, 1854-5. No*. 23, Hon. !
Chsrle* Summer ; Re*. John i'ierpoot, poem.
December 7, Hon. Salmpu P. Chase, of Ohio
Dec. 14, Hon. Anson Burlingame. Dec. 12,
Wendell Phillips, Esq. Dec. 28, Cassius
M. Clay, Esq., of Keutucky. Janusry 4th,
Hon. Horace Greeley. Jan. 11, Rev. Henrj
Ward Beecher. Jan 18, Hon. John P. Hale.
Jan. 25, Ralph Wsldo Emerson, Kq. Feb.
8, Hon. Nathaniel P. Banks, jr. Feb. 15,
Hon. Lewis D. Campbell, of Ohio. Feb. 22,
Hon. Samuel Houston, of Texas. March I,
Hon. David Wilmol, of Penn'a. March 8,
Hon. Charles W. Upham." All Honorablei
and Squires except those who aro Reverendsl
The card does verily indicate their char
acters by simply naming them. And your
letter, gentlemen, is (ranked by "C. SUMNER,
U. S. S." Wiih these characteristic*, lam
at no loas to understand you and yout pur
poses.
You say, "during the next seatnn, a larger
number ol gen'letnen from the South will be j
invited," tcc. tie. [ regret it, if any others j
can be fouud in the Slave holding Slate* to ;
accept your invitation. You plead Ihe ex- J
ample ol Gen. HOUSTON. It is the last 1
would follow. I have no doubt you accord
ed very respectful attention to him last witt
ier, and were very grateful for bis service in
your cause.
You offer "one hundred and fifty dollar*
to be paid lo the lecturer, he bearing bis
own expenses." Let me tell you that Tre
moat Temple cannot hold wealth enough to
purchase one word of discussion from me |
there, whether mine, here, shall be mine or not; ,
but 1 am ready to volunteer, without money !
and without price, to suppresa any insurrec
tion aud repel any invasion which threaten*
or endanger* the State Rights of Virginia, or'
my individual rights under the laws and j
i constitutions of my country, or the Sacred
Union, which binds Slave Stated and Free
together in one bond of National Confederacy,
and in separate bonds of Independent Sover
eignties.
In short, gentlemen, I will not deliver one
of the lectures of the course on Siavsry, at
the Tremont Temple, in Boston, on Thurs
day evening, January 10, 1856; and there
will be no Thursday evening between the
middle of December and the middle of
March next, or between that ind JDoomsday.
which will best accommodate mo for that
purpose.
I give you en immediate answer, and at
my earliest convenience indicate to you that
''the particular phase of the subject that I
will present," is—deliberately, to fight if we
must
Your obedient servant,
HENRY A. WISE.
To the Committee.
'Reply, sir,' said a judge to a blunt old
Quaker who was ou tbe stand. 'Do yon
know what we sit here for V 'Yea, verily
I do,' said the Quaker; 'three of you for four
dollars each a day, and the fat one in the
middle for 'our thousand a year I'
W The best cough mixture that has been
made, consists of a pair of thick boots, mix
ed with lots of air and plenty of exercise.—
People who bug the stove and grow lean,
will pleaec take notice.
AMERICAN Powers.—The powder used by
the allied armies in battering down the al
most impregnable fortifications at Sebestopol
was made at Hazard's and Dupoot'a wills, In
Connecticut and Delaware
[Two DiUrs pr kmmwm
NUMBER 40.
MABON AND DIXON'S LINE. ,
A HISTORICAL BE ETCH BT H. B. TAWtR.
Although re faience in constantly had to
thi line, there are, perhaps, bat few per
sons, comparatively, acquainted with its lo
cality, and lete with its history and ultimate
adjustment
lo the specification of limits between the
colonies of Pennsylvania and Maryland,
there was certainly plausible ground for con
tention, and the rival claims of the proprie
taries formed a frnitful source of discontent
to themselves and annoyance to the colo
niste. Whatever might have been the sear-
J its of the esse on either side, a long, vera
, tious, and bitter contest aroee from the first
{ attempt to act upon the charter of Penney!-
vania. After many ineffectual attempts to
adjust the common limns between the colo
nies, the matters in dispute were referred to
the Lords of the Committee of Trade and
Plantations; these, after hearing bo'h parlies,
' made their report to King James If, whe4n
November, 1685, by an order of Council, dc
. termiaed the affair by ordering a division of
the disputed territory. By the terms of this
order, the tract lying between the river and
. bay of Delaware, and a line from the latitude
| of Cape Ucnlcpen to the fortieth degree of
1 north latitude, was adjudgod to belong, to big
Majesty, King James 11, and the remainder
' of the disputed territory, (now n part of the
eastern shore of Maryland,) was assigned to
Lord Baltimore. The order of Council was
not acted upon. In the meantime fresh era
ses of contention arose, which served to com
plicate matters still more. One of the origi
nal disputes was respecting the fortieth de-
I B ,B * of north latitude, Maryland contendin]
' that the expression in its charter, "to the for
tieth degree, meant forty degrees complete"
j —the Assembly and proprietaries of Penn
sylvania on their pari, insisting that in the
1 charter of Pennsylvania, the expression "to
I begin at the fortieth degree of north latitude,
ought lo be construed to be where the thirty
ninth degree was completed."
J This dispute involved a tract of country
nearly 6000 square miles in extent: and
had it been assigned to Lord Baltimore, the
superficies of Pennsylvania would have been
reduced nearly one fourth.
! Thus matter* went until 1732, when in
August of that year, a compromise was ef
fected and commissioners appointed to "de
termine, survey and mark the respective
boundaries in controversy." The duty as
signed to the commissioners was to trace the
following lines : " Beginning at Cape Hcnlo
pen, and thence due west to the western side
of the peninsula, which lias upon Chess
l>eake bay, as far westward as the exact
middle of that part of the peninsula where
the said line is run," thence north to the ex
treme west part of a circle, twelve miles ra
d.us, Newcastle on the Delaware being the
centre. From the tangent thue obtained a
hne due north to the parallel 15 statute miles
•outh of Philadelphia, and thence by the ex
tension of this parallel to the weslern boun
dary of Pennsylvania.
The commiseioners met, but differing on
some important points, separated wiihdot ef.
feeling anything. Difficulties created delays
whilst the inhabitants who bad settled near
the places where the linee wero supposed to
run, were, in the meantime, subjected to
vexatious demands from both colonies; the
ordinary process of justice was interrupted,
and the tenure of property rendered inse
cure.
In 1.35 the Penn family, desirous of clo
sing the controversy on the :ermofiKe com
promise of 1732, instituted a suit in the Chan
cery of Great Britian. In 1750, the Lord
Chancellor, HsrJwick, desired that "the ar
ticles of May 10, 1733, should be carried in
lo execution, and that proper commissioners
shoulJ be appointed for that purpose." These
commissioners also met, pursuant to appoint
ment, Novamber 15, 1750, but disagreed re
specting the mode of extending the arc of a
circle around Newcastle; and, like their pre
decessors, separated without performing any
part of tbeir duties.
| Twelve years again elapsed before effi
cient attempts were made to close this tedi
ous affair. Finally, in 1765. the respective
proprietaries agreed to employ Charles Ma*
son snd Jeremiah Dixon, two eminent math
ematicians, who forthwith proceeded to the
accomplishment of their task of surveying
and marking the boundariee between Penn
sylvania, Maryland and Delaware; end thus
closed a troublesome colouial -litigation o!
eighty years.
Although Mason snd Dixon determined
the boundaries between the States just men- *
tioned, it ie only that portion of the line
which constitutes the southeastern boundary
of Pennsylvania that ia nnw so frequently re
ferred to. Mason and Dtxon'e line, proper,
extends to a point about forty tnilea west of
the Susquehanna river, Rnd not to the west
ern boundary of Pennsylvania, aa some Im
agine—the prolongation of that boundary
beyond the western termination of Maaon
and Dixon'a line, having bean traced several
year* previous.
KF AN lrtshman being asked why he fled
Irom his colors, said bia heart was sS good
ss any man's in ths regiment, but he pro
tested bis cowardly legs would run awsy
with him, whstsverhs could do.
JP If yon would be pungent, be brief:
for it ie with words as with sunbeams, the
more they ate coudctlsed, the deeper tbey
hern.
JOHN B. GOUOH, the eloquent strolling
Temperance Lecturer, having juat returned
from • professional tour in Europe, ie an- "
nonucsd to lectors io Philadelphia