JSSBSro. ■ * s== " "" H. wrwnvrn T R. s. oir.Moaa, EDITORS. . " • = UloomsbunC) Thnrsduy, March 14, 1830. OFV. JB. PA! d newspaper, sub enptign. rmd hdrtrlismg agent. N. W. Corner of Third and Chestnut streets. Philadelphia, IVE >WI'CARR' V, States newspaper agent, Third and Walnut sis., opposite the Exchange, Philadelphia, and U*tJeokeE PIUTT. Ifil Nassau street, Nrw York) unll receive and receipt for subscriptions and aihertiscrneidsfur the - Shir of the North 17* C. I'EIKCI: General Advertising Agent, Bulletin Buildings Phila., is also agent for sub scription and advertising in the Star of the North. M. Gll.Mohf.. SR.. will act as our agent at Berwick. Pa., in receiving and receipting for subscriptions, advertisements andjob-work. Ad vertisements lefCwilh him on Tttcsday will ap pear'in our paper of the same week. All onlers or job-work left with him will be attended to im mediately. The Ranks of I'ounsylnanbi. a.:. UO l.a.drd iu Ibis State. These have iu circulation notes to the anjouut of $11,385,779, owe to other banks $4,024,905, owe depositors $15,412,- 530, and owe unpaid dividends to the a mount of $390,479. In short, the total lia bilities of the banks is $53,380,968. TomeC! this indebtedness they have a total of only $0,200,741 in specie and treasury notes.— True, they huve on hand a large amount of discounted bills, but who knows that one half of those can ever be collected. They report that they have nearly $3,000,000 in notes and cheeks of other banks, but what secuiity haewe that these arc not notes and cheeks of some exploded rag-manufactory in the back woods. The report says that these banks have over $3,000,000 in real and personal proporty, bonds, mortgages and other securities, but this personal properly is perishable and transient, the roal estate may consist of rock-ribbed portions of Rattle snake Mountain, or well-wooded and well .vatercd plantations in Sullivan county. The bonds in .such cases are generally against Mister Non Est, of Nowhero, or some of his amiable relatives. In this state of ali'airs then, how shall the FIFTY-THREE MILLIONS of bank indebt edness be liquidated with a scant SIX MIL LIONS of specie ? The other resources of the banks may at some time be_ worth "a ve ry Handsome por ccntage upon their nominal value, but it is ridiculous to say that they can safely be put down at par as specie funds. And now, in this condition of affairs,what security is there for the ultimate redemption of our paper currency? What guaiantee liave we that it will continue Bolvent! Nay we looi upon tho circulating mediurrffcmong us as a heavy national debt, liko that incu bus which weighs down the prosperity of the English nation and is never to be removed from the neck of that people.® Tha people who use the paper currency of the country pay a heavy tax in the shape of interest upon a fictitious value which the stamp of a pic ture gives to paper. For in borrowing bank notes, it is not real money upon which we pay the interest, for the bank still uses the greater part of its money in some other in vestment to draw profits, and thus realizes a double per centago, while an individual is punished for taking usury CONGRESS. Tlie members are talking away upon the Slavery question. and nothing of importance is done. A more reasonable feeling is be ginning to per/ade the members, and we feel confident that the great Slavery question will be disposed of beforo the close of the ses sion. California must become a State ; and a patriotic disposition among tfic great men of the Senate will consummate this event. Mr. Webster, last Thursday, made a speech in the Senate, taking grounds in favor of ad- 1 milting California with its present Constitu- j tion, and thus practically adopting the Dem- i ocratic doctrine of non-intervention. Clay, I Cass, Houston, Benton, Dickinson, Webster, ! Muugum and Bell will voto together on this | proposition to admit California with its pros- i ent State Constitution. Mr. Foote is active in gotling his commit tee of 13 to whom the whole subject is pro pored to be submitted. This committee, it is •aid, will consist of the following Sonalors : Messrs. Clay, chairman, Webster, Phelps, ( Cooper, Cass, Dickinson, Dodge, jr., Mason. Soule, Butler, Mangum, Bell, Berrien. Seven Whigs anil six Democrats, of whom seven mcmbors are from the Slave, and six members from tho Free Stales. Their report, it is believed, will lead to tho linut disposal of the whole subject. Meanwhile, the members must talk to pass their time. They must make a reason able apology for drawing their eight dollars per day. We believe that after the dog-days they will iu good uaturo settle all difficulties, and leave the frightened "dear people" to breathe free iu peace and quietness. Tho Democratic Review for March con tains its usual number of sound and judi cious articles. Among these are "Federal Finances," thu review of Macaulay's I.ay of Ancient Rome, "A sermon to the Cler gy," "Judicial encroachments," and "Sir Tborngs MP°re." This number has two portraits. Terms *3 per annum. It is pub lished iu New York by Kettell and Mooro. THE CxsiALs.-We learn that the water was let into the lower seotious of the Delaware Canal on Friday and Saturday last—it is to . be Jet into the upper (tedious to-day, so that whole the line will be in navigable order in the early part of next week. y OTA new post office has been establish ed at Old Forgo, Luzerne county, Kbenozer Drake Postmaster; and another at Crescent, Lycoming county, Henry U Heylinan Post master COUNTY CALENDER. Grand Jurors for April Term 1850. Anthony —Wm McVjoher, Aid Holdron Bloom —Peter Shuck, Briarcreek —Wm Herrin, Enoch Ritlenhouse, Cattuwissn —Tlios. Harder, Abraham Ludwig, Danville —Henry Vandlitig, Greenwood —Elijah Albertson, Jackson —Fred'k Knouso . Limestone — Dlldtni, Mahoning—rJohn Heinbach, Madison —Wm Ditdinc, Mt Pleasant —Wm Ililburn, Grange —John Rcmbly, Boaringcreck —Samuel B. Deimer, Solomon Fetterman, Daniel Keller, Sugarloaf- —Reuben Davis sr., Andrew Dau bach, Wm Appleman, Valley —Allen Welliver, David Heinbach David P. Blue, TdS. VERSE JURORS FIRST WEEK. Anthony —Jonathan Slrouse, Lucus Young, Beaver —Jacob Brown, 8100m —Mahlon Ilamlih jr., Eli Criveling, Philip Christrnan, Briarcreek— John Doak, V. Richard, Centre —Emmet Aickman, Wm Hutchinson, Danville —Wm C Yorks, Abraham Decider, Honry P. Baidy, Wm Beaclier, Dcrry —James Miller, Alexander Cummings, r yamam— uwiotmi;Dimisvi., Fishingcrcek —John)Bright Greenwood —lsaac R. Kline, Hemlock —Adam Stroupjr., Liberty —John Simington Israel Macham?r Redding Herring, Ail. Pleasant —Jacob Shipinan, Madison —Enoch Fox, Montour —Jno Deitrich, Mifflin —John Bond, Orange —Conrad Adams, Boaringcreek —John Snyder, P. R." McMur- trie, SugarloaJ'■ —Wm Stephens Reuben Davis, Philip Fritz Gearhart Kile, Valley —Andrew Chiids, ERA VERSE JURORS—SECOXD WEEK. Anthony — McKee, Reaver —John Iloatz, Henry Lehr, Isaac Lon. genberger, Bloom —Geo. Gilbert, Cattaivissa —Jacob Gensel Paul R. Baldy, Centre —H. D Knorr Andrew Freeze, Deny —John McGonigal, Robert B'ee,' Franklin —Valentine Vocht, Vishingcreek —Daniel Thomas, J. D. Mellon ry, Peter Criveling, Hemlock —Alexander Roat, James Roat, Liberty —John Bower, Limestone —John Gouger, Maine —Daniel Fenstamaeher Daniel Yetter, Mahoning —Edward Morrison, John Kocher, Madison —David C. Albertson, YVm Hender shot, Mifflin —Thomas Aten, Peter Smoyer, Orange —lsaiah Conner, Geo Apploman Wm Delong, Roaringcreek —lsaac Rhodes, P. S. Yeager, John Perry sr., Jacob Fisher, Sugarloaf- —Elijah Hess, Valley —Chas. Fenstetmacber. List of [Causes ForjTrial at the ApriljTcrm, 1850. 1 Commonwealth et a', vs. Matthias Kline 2 Commmonweidth vs. Charles F. Mann 3 Edmund L Piper vs. John Baily * 4 Elislia B Stelter vs. Samuel Stedcr 5 Henry Hartman vs. Noah S Prentis 6 Jacob Welliver vs. John Runyau 7 Isaac Tyler vs. Benj. P Frick 8 Geo. Fox, Admrs. vs Andrew _Emmans, Amr. 9 Lloyd Thomas vs. Pe'er Mourcr 10 Thos. Wildoncr, Admr. vs. Robt. Lock art. 11 Same vs. Same. 12 John Shively vs. Jacob R Hower 13 Manassa Bowmau vs. Joseph Sharpless 14 Anne Dilman vs. S M B Yantz 15 John Davis etal. vs. William H Wooden 16 Isaac Barnheimer et al. vs. J K Froder- j ics et al. 17 Levi Ashton vs. Abraham Cool 18 Frederick BeatesExr. vs. James Hartman 19 David Ritter etal. vs. Joseph Maus 20 W. Donaldson et al. vs. J P Giove et al 21 Charles Kalbfus vs. Nicholas Seybert 22 John Barret vs. Thomas Welliver 23 Samuel Yost Adror. vs. Elijah It John admr. et al. 24 Daniel Hoats et al. vs. Wm Sch uyler 25 David Mastors et al. vs. Henry Johnston 26 John T Davis vs. Charles F Mann 27 Thomas Brandon vs. Benjamin Wintei stcen 28 Jesse Hughes vs. Benj. P Frick et al. 29 Alem Sechler et al. vs. Johu M. Fiester 30 William McKelvy et al. Simon I' Kaso 31 Charles Kram vs. William E Albright et al 32 Samuel P Huey vs. the Montour Iron Co. et al. 33 Jacob B Maus vs Samuel Bondman 34 Lafayette Kessler vs. Elisha H Hess 35 William Sloan vs. Joseph J. Fry 36 Frederick Isler vs. John K Grotz 37 Azima Vallerchamp vs. Geo. Moars 38 David Ritter vs. Lewis II Maus 39 YVm Montgomery exr. vs. David N Kow nover 40 Drake & Bechtel vs Nicholas Seybert 41 Isaac Pollock vs O C Kahler. 42 Dr John Ramsey vs. Rev.John P. Heistor. rrThe death of Captain May, who won the earliest laurels during the Mexican cam paign, is announced in tho St. Louis papers. He died, says the Union, in San Francisco, after a short illness of scurvy and bronchitis, produced by a long and very disogreeablo voyage from New York to that place, by tho way of Capo Horn. At the period of his ! death bejwas 27 years old. ' AITOINTMENT OK JUDGES. —Private advices from tlarrisburg inform us that George H. YVillits of Caltawissa and John Covonhoven of Orangeviile have bgeu appointed by the Governor to be Associate Judges for this county. LtF The Water Cure Journal for March is by far the best number of that publication yet received. Its contents form a valuable scientific book. Montour County. Wo must confess, that wo wore not pro rated t 0 see thi s now county hill pass the Senate. Of aH the new county projects in the State, (and their name is legion) this, of all others, in our humble opinion, has the fewest merits. Inceed it may well be ques tioned whether it has a solitary one. This county, if it becomes u law, .will be about ten miles one way and" some 12 the. other* What a farce! The very sublimation of all f arces!—and yet strange .as it is true, there were in the Senate, composed of 33 men, a majority found who were in favor of the bill! A bill establishing n new county— not as large as some townships in territory in the commonwealth! An act of injustice to the people who reside within the contempla ted new territory—as well as to those who are out of it. Why should it be? Every Senator who takes his seat, before he is qualified to act. subscribes an oath—a sacred oath —to act, among other things, "with fidelity"—in good faith! Where, pray, is the act of good faith made manifest, in di viding a county in twain of the size of Col. umbia? Every man in it now, is within 12 miles at the farthest from the county seat. It does seem to us such an act of gross injus tice, that wo cannot refrain from the" expres sion of our condemnation of the measure. T"*, >i ;•* pnrnly a local measure; but still, as a citizen of the State, we must form our opinions of even local matters as they occur —and in this case to conceal them would be winking'at sin. What may become of this jfiliin'.he popular branch, we cannot of couise tell at this :. ir *ie. We have hopes, however, that the House will do .'!* duty and reject the paltry and mischievous meapre We hope so. It is said that a large majority of the people out of Danville are opposed to it £3ti so far the tax-payers are concerned, well they may bo. ThL' of new coun ties is growing to an eitraordi.l.ary' extent. It is said there are now over twenry projecio in the Legislature for new counties. Some of them may have merits; bnt we suppose the great mass of them are designed for the especial benefit of some towu-lot speculator. —Luzerne Democrat. FIRE. Our people were alarmed by the cry of fire, on Saturday night, about 12 o'clock. It proved to be in the new brick room of Mr. Marx Long, on the South side of* .'h o Public Square.—Considerable [damage was done to Mr. Long's goods, but the flames were soon subdued. The loss we arc in formed is fully covered by insurance. How the fire originated we can't tell. It may possibly have been the work of an in cendiary, but more probably it was occa sioned by the carelessness of the one who had the store in charge. When the door was broken open, the room was full of smoke, and but a small blaze of fire discovered issuing from under the counter, and about the lower shelf. . Hail two buckets of water been at hand at that time, the fire might have been extinguished with comparatively little damage. As it is, the loss will be about a thousand dollars— fully covered by insurance in the Delaware Co. Insuranco Company.— Luzerne Democrat Scarlatina or scarlet fever. This disease is lately raging to an alarming extent among children through the country. The following is said to be an excellent cure and comes recommended by both science and experience. Boil t ro ounces of marshmallow root and ten grains of Spanish saffron in one pint of water, and give to a child of one year a half tablespoonful every three hours—persons ol der, in proportion. Poultice the throat with the bruised marshmallow root, after the tea is made ; and if there should bo congestion of the brain use leeches. Keep the bowels moved at least twice a day, but not more than three times. tyThere was a tremendous Union meet ing in Baltimore on Monday evening. The Mayor of the city presided, and it is estima ted that at least ten thousand people were present Col. Giles offered a series of reso lutions sustaining the Union at all hazards, though at the same time advocating a com promise on the slavery question, and recom mending moderate measures to be pursued. He said in the course of his remarks, "Wo must stand by the Union first and always.— Minor questions can be settled afterwards." The Phrenological Journal, of Fowler & Wells, contains in the March number its u sual amount of valuable and interesting in formation. Among its articles is a phreno logical character of Thomas Jefferson, a use ful and well written article on Colds, and the best means of killing and preventing them, a portrait and phrenological character of E. A. l'oe, the philosophy of approbativeness, beauty, &c. The work is worth thrice its subscription price of one dollar. — MODE RUIN. —The Naumkcag Steam Cot ton Company, at Salem, du ring the last year divided a profit of eight per cent, on its capital, laid aside $48,500 for what is called a "reserved fund," and paid $48,000 for new machinery. &c. This is pretty well, when we consider that the man ufacturing business has been "ruined" past redemption ever since the Tariff of 1846 was enacted. DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES. —The Lock Ha ven, Pa., Tribune says: There are, we un derstand, a number of persons in the eastern portion of tho county, who aro extensively engaged in the manufacture of counterfeit coin of various denominations. All the cru cibles that were in town have been bought up for the business, and the demand for bis muth is very great. According to tho Montrose Democrat, Sus quehanna county is infested with a gang of horse thieves, several horses having been stolen within three or four days, No less than three were purloined in Rush and Au burn, on Tuesday night. a—————nun———a—c PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE. UtitHisßuitc, March 7, 1850. SENATE.—Mr Packer," remonstrance of cit izens of Bradford pait of said county being annexed loljlm county of Sulli van. * In Executive Session the Scna'e confirmed the nomination of Benj F Pomefoy, as Asso ciate Juylge of Common Pleas of Schuylkill county, "Alio, the nomination of Wm Waugh. to be Associate Judge ot the Court of Common Pleas of Mercer co. Also, the nomination of James Harrison, to be Associate Judge of the Court of Com mon Pleas of Union county. Also, the nom ination of James Whippo, to be Associate Judge of tho Court of Common Pleas of Lawrence county. On motion of Mr Packer, the bill author izing the Canal Commissioners to purchase the water power at Loyalsock Creek, on tho West Branch Division of the Pennsylvania Canal, was taken up, considered, and - pas sed. The bill repealing all laws exempting cer tain kinds of property from taxation, was ta ken up, amended and passed through Com mittee of the Whale. It was then referred to a select committee of fivo Senators. HOUSE. — The Apportionment Bill. —The a mendmcnt uniting Lebanon and Lancaster tame up In order, Mr - Kiltingar having the floor, who was followed by Messrs Cessna, Jesso R Burden, Baldwin and Porter. After a lengthy discussion, the amendment was disagreed to. An amendment was mode making North ampton and Lehigh one district, to elect one senator. Also, Carbon Monroe, Pike and \Vayri? one district, to be entitled to one senator. No further alterations word made up to the 24th district, when the House adjourned. March 9tn, SENATE.—On motion of Mr Streeter, a biil to the act incorporating the Wayne CCUTL!" Mutual Insurance Com pany, was taken up ana passed final reading also, a supplementary bill to the act incorpo rating the Catawissa Williamsport Jaud trie Railroad Company. HOUSE tWays and Means) reported the bill askitfj 525,000 for the com pletion of a certain dam oil .' Be West Branch with a negative recommendation'. The Judiciary Committee reported petitions foi the abolition of Caprtal Punish ment. The same committee also reported the biii the Court of Nisi Prius, with an aiileu : ' o, ent. The Apportionm'dl Bi camc up in order, and amendments were discussed until the hour of adjournment. March lltb- SENATE.— I Toe bill supplementary to I? 10 act to abolish imprisonment for debt, and to punish fraudulent debtors, came Uj ami pas- ( sed second and third reading. I Mr Streeter read in his place a bill supple mentary to the act incorporating the Wilkes harre Coal Corrqfl?iy,Vhich was taken up on motion, and finally passed. HOUSE. —Mr Klotz presented a memorial from citizens of Allentown, praying ihe ex pulsion of all free colored persons from this State; also, petition for the incorporation of a new bank, to be located at Allentown. Mr Baker, petition for repeal of the S3OO Exemption Law of last session; also, one to suspend the sale of liquors and travel on the Sabbath day. Mr Conyngham, petition for the passage of a general Banking Law ; also, one for the recharter of the Wyoming Bank. * The Committee on New Counties reported a bill for the erection of the new county of Liberty out of part of Bedford county. The Apportionment Bill then came up in order, and amended so as to allow Dauphin county but one membe.t. Adjourned. Harrisburg, March 12, 1850. IN EXECUTIVE SESSION. —The Senate unan imously confirmed the nomination of Jacob Kirk, Jr., as Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of York County; also the nomination of William Vankirk, as Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Washington County; also the nomination of Paul S. Preston, as Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Wayne County; also the uomination of Augustus O. (ester, as Associate Judge of Dauphin County; also, the nomination of John F. Dentler as Associ ate Judge of Northumberland County; also, the nomination of Samuel Marshall and John McCanlaßs as Associate Judges of Butter County; also the nomination of George H Willits and John Covenhovan' as Associate Judges of Columbia Coun'.y. EyDuring the revival of religion in the Methodist Episcopal Church of Columbia Pa., which continued about seven weeks, upwards of one hundred new members were added to the church. tyMilton wrote twenty-one thousand lines; Dryden, including his translations, about sixty thousand lines, Pope, about forty thousand lines, some eight thousand only of which were original; Gray, one thousand verses; Byron, about teu thousand verses more than Homer, and triblethe number of Virgil and Tasso. A NEW FACTORY.— The Manchester (N. H.) Company are making arrangements to erect an extensive delaine mill in that city, early in the Spring. The mill is to be over 300 feet in length, and is to run 20,000 spin dles. The whole machinery for tho mill is now under contract, to be ready for running by the first of January next. The Washington correspondent of the Bal timore Sim, states that James Gordon Bennett Editor of the New York Herald, is now in Washington City, an applicant for the Vien na mission, lately given to Watson Webb, by the Pres-'dent, without the advice and consent of the Senate. CyThe editor of tho York Advocate has been informed, by several farmers, that there will be hardly any poaches this year in York county, on aocount of tho trees be ing frozen in tuo wood. Bad news. d From the Pittsburg Saturday Post^ The Iron Manufacturers—The Tariff. It is clearly evident that tlio attempt on the part of the Iron "Masters" to reduce the wages of tho Puddlers and Boilers, was a pol itical movement, intended to operato upon Congress. Those philanthopists supposed that, if they would suspeud their mills for a few weeks, and (hen get up a cry about the '' British Ttfriffof 18-16," they might induce the members ofCongress to believe that they required a"a little more protection." The trick was to transparent—it would not do. It is to late in the day to expect Congress to pass a law tc tax the farmers and mechan ics of the United States' for the benefit of the manufactures. It is not democratic—it is not right. The Tariff of 1846 is the best the country has ever had, and it will not be dis turbed. This may be written down as a fix ed fact. , Although we are willing to admit that du ring the past year there was considerable depression in the iron business; yet at the same time we contend that it is not in the power oi human legislation to remedy evils of this description. Every branch of indus try is subject, occasionaly, to inflations and depressions. It is unavoidblo. But it is an admited fact that the depression in tho iron business haß been at its worst. All our re cent advices from Europe show a brisk im provement in the Iron Markets of that coun try. Many of the Railroads that were pro jected and commenced in England, a few years ago, and then suspended for want of means, are about to bo resumed, under more favorable auspices. This of course will give a buoyancy to the British Markets; and as these Markets generally regulate pri ces on this side of the Atlantic, it is fair to suppose that alike buoyancy will be felt here. In truth, we may say it is begining to be felt now. Notwithstanding the foolish stories that were told President TAYLOR, while on a vis it to this city last eummer, it is a well known fact' that pig metal now commands a fair price in market. It will be remembered that the Tariff monopolists, with tears in their eyes, (such tears as crocodiles are said to shed,) told the old chief that sales of "good pig iron are made at S2O per ton." The President was induced to believe that the Tariff bad actualy produced this result, and was positively ruining the manufacturers! ' We now find, by referring to the commer cial' "'Chtmns of the whig papers in this city, that Metal is quoted at $27 a $25, and n y at $25. From all the facts wCc-u gather, we are inclined to believe that iheW wl'l he a brisk business done in the Iron business Jd Fitts burgh in the courso of the present yC.a*' Tin manufactures will find it to their inter ests to resume opperations and pay the I workingmen the old wages. That they can nnt afford to do this is all gammon and rldi cuioui .* lollSollse - They cannot afford to loose their (ujomerf. Col. lieiiton,!* C&*- A PP roved of - Louis, March 9. A very large meeting was ' lero night. A series of resolutions werb , oaase ' appoving of the course of Col. Benton in '' lo United States Senate, and repudiating Mr. Calhoun's speech on the slavery question, and the threats of disunion. They also a greed to make "Bentonism" a test vote on the Democratic candidates at the municipal election. Annothcr Annexationist^Electcd. MONTREAL, March 7. The Sherbrooke election has resulted in the choice of Mr Ranborne, the Annexation ist candidate by forty majority. Twenty-one Horses BurntjtolDeath. CINCINNATI, March 11. Last night, a range of stables at Rossville, in this state, were destroyed by fire, and twenty-one horses perished in the ltames. The work of an incendiary. Death of the Speaker of the Louisiana House ol Representatives. NEW ORLEANS, March 9. Preston W. Farrar, Speaker of the House of Representatives of this State, died at Ba ton Rouge on Thursday last. Charge to Austria! WASHINGTON, March 9. I understand that Richard W. Thompson Esq., of Indiana, was to-day nominated Charge to Austria. DAMAGES FOR SLANDER.— Miss Ruth Case has recovered 81,572 damages of Lyman B. Marks, of Hartland, Ct., in the Superior court at Hartland, for slander. The plaintiff was a school teacher in Hartland, and the defen dant accused her of unchastity. He produc ed two witnesses on the trial, who swore to having seen hor In illicit intercourse with a man, but their testimony was overborne and broken down by the plaintiff's counsel and witnesses. ty On last Sunday a large fire destroyed a valuable portion of Buffalo in the state of New York. Hotels, stores and churches were laid in ashes. The loss is estimated at $300,000. On the same day a fire broke out in St. Louts, and destroyed property to the value of $150,000. —• j About as ridiculous a position as a man can be placed in, is to have his hat blown off while he is chasing a runaway pig tbro' the streets —with a crowd of men and boys laughing at him. iyThe township elections in this county .will be held to-morrow. Wo will give the full returns next week. ty A number of gentlemen in New York have determined to erect a bronze statue to the memory_of De Witt Clinton, at a cost of \ $15,000. A model has been prepared and J $5,000 subscribed- Abstract OF Mr, Cathoun'a Speech, Mr. Calhoun having the floor, briefly stated his inability to address thcWenaie in person, and returned thanks for the courtesy which the Senate had extended him, in permitting him to' have his views upon the great question , f present agitation delivered by Mason to read his speech for him. Mr. Mason then proceeded to read the speech. Mr. Calhoun commences by ask ing— "What can be dope to save the Uni on ?" It was necessary, first, to find the cause of danger, before a remedy could be applied. The danger, arose—first, from the discontent in all tho Southern States, which commenced with the agitation of the slavery question and has contiuued ever since. The next question was—"What has caused this disquiet?" It resulted from the belief on the part of the Southern States that they could not live in the Union, under the existing state of things, with saf ty to their honor and interests. He proceeded next to show by statistics that (tie equilibrium of the different sections of the Union has been lost, inconsequence of the increase of population in the North ; this state of affairs placed the control of the Government exclusively in the hands of the North—giving them a majority of the States, and a large majority in the pop ulation, which would be largely increased by the next census. In addition to this, the newly acquired territory would also add speedily, at least five new Stales, which would be admitted to the North while no additional territories were pro gressing in the South. He next proceeded to show that the ac tion of the Government has been such as to give control to a sectional majority, by which the South has been deprived of its share, in the territories. The first act hav ing such effect, was the ordinance of 1787. The next, the Missouri, compromise ; and the last the act by tho South were excluded from Oregomi The result of all of which has been to exclude the South from three fourths of the terri'ory acqui red by the federal government, giving her one fourth only. The North had also un settled the necessary equilibrium between the two sections, by adopting a system of revenue and disbursments which had im posed unequal burdens upon the South, to the advantage of the North. The action of Congress in tho next place had resu ted in a concentration of power in the federal government, to the manifest disturbing and violation of State rights. The result of all these series of measures, and this course of policy, was to give the North an ascendan cy in evpry department of the Government. He then proceeded to consider the views and feelings of the people of the North rel ative to the institution of slavery, which -T;? South felt to be necessary to her social orxani'-" 11 '' 0 "' and which he said was look edupon cre4le r, °i k3S , Lo3t ; li, y b >; the whole NorW* Uth ® P eo P k of wh,ch felt bonnd, at least, td Jwunteqanee it while they felt themselves Jnp>- ® t0 fend it. He reviewed the curse of the ulevery agitation by the North—commencing with the first battle upon the right of petiton, and coming down to the present day—for the purpose of showing that encroachments upon this point had been continued, gradu al, and always successful—until imminent • ->?er to the Union itself had now arisep. Hg v COI "♦ended that from the first organized movement Abolitionists had continual !y iucreaaed in J""""" B', 8 ', importunities and demanded and earncst cffort f or its arrest. . . What then could be do,J arreßt itß progress, and what could save n. e n . lnn . * Disunion would not be efl'ectcd at a blow. It was the work of time—for tiiV cords which bind the Union were too nu merous to be snapped all at once. One of the many cords which had bound the Uni on together was the religious cord —the sympathy between the associations of vari ous religious denominations of both sec tions. The first of the cords which snap ped was that of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The next, the division of the Baptists with two opposing sectional par ties. The Presbyterian cord had not alto gether given way, although some of its strands were broken. The Episcopal only of the four great denominations remained firm ar.d unbroken—as a result of this agi tation. [Mr. Calhoun makes no reference whatever to the Catholics.] The next great cord which had snapped was that of political party organization, which had held together until recently severed by the increased agitation. Again—"how could the Union be saved !" It could only be saved by adopting such measures as will satisfy the Southern States that tliey will remain in the Union with safety and honor to themselves. It could not be sav ed by eulogizing the Unibn, nor by ap peals to the memory of Washington.— Neither was there anything in the life or example of that distinguished man which would deter the South from seceding ; on the contrary, there was much to encour age them to scession as a remedy for op pression and deprivation of their rights.— Mr. Cass' plan or the plan proposed by the Administration, could not save the Unon. The latter was nothing but a modification of the Wilmot Proviso, and still morn ob jectionable than that measure. Its very object was to deprive the South ol lis right ful participation in the territories. Looking at the ConstiluVional question, he contended that the power of legislation for the territories is, vested exclusively in Congress. In view, the action of the people of California in forming a govern ment for '.aemselves, had usurped the pow er of Oongrcss. Their conduct in this re speot was revolutionary and rebellions in its character. He expressed his full con viction that the people of California bad been influenced in their action by persons acting under the suggestions and authority \ of the executive. He also proceeded, with an effort, to show that the action of California, and the Executive proposition for her admission into the Union, was in direct violation of all the past action ef Congress. What now would the Senate do? Much depended upon their action, If they admitted Cali fornia into the Union, they would sanction all that she had dono. Were Senators pre pared, in admitting her, to surrender the Constitution, in view of their oaths to sup port the Constitution ? He denied that 'here wat arrj' iueh Stale as California.— It had no le£al existence, and could not have with mil the sanction of Congress.— They could not term a Constitution when Congress had not given them leave so to tlo, How cockl gentlemen 011 live W big aide of the chamber, after defeating the' candidate of the Democratic party (Cass) atlficlatc election- who look the ground that Congress had no poWer of legis^M! o * —now turn around and admit a State upon the ground thaVahe has exercised this very * power whi'h had been denied* in the Presi dential content? Wow'could thosegentlfe men who voted on the Oregon question a gainst the position that Congress had the sale aud absolute power of legislating for the Territories, ntVv propose to sanction • coarse directly the reverse ? What did all this mean? Were llkW to conclude that the exclusion of the Soi'th from the terri tory acquired from Mexico. as an object of such paramount importance that rights justice, consistency, and the Constitution must all yield thereto? There was but one way by which the Union could be .*-* ed, and that was by the full and final sef tlcment—upon the principles of justice— of all the questions at issue between the two sectio s. The south asked for simple justice —less than that she ought not to take. She had no compromise to offer but the constitution, and could make no surrendei or conces sion. By satisfying the south—she ceuld remain honorably and safely in the Union, and thereby restoring tranquility. Could this be done ? Yes ! easily—not by the weaker party—for it could not protect it self— but the stronger. The north had only to do justice by conceding to the south a participation in the territories—her duty by causing the arrest and delivery of fugi tive slaves—by ceasing the agitation of the slavery question, and to provide an amend ment of the constitution, such as would re store to the south the power to protect her self, which she possessed before the equi librium between the sections was destroy ed by the action of the government.— Would the north agree to this? Yes/if her love for the Union was half as great as her professions. Alall events, the respon sibility of saving the Union rested on the north and not upin the south. The south could not save it by any sacrifice of hers, and the north might save it without sacri fice. If this question was not now set tled—there was no telling when it would be. If you, said Mr. Calhoun, cannot agree to settle these questions on the prin cipal of justice and duty—say so, and let the Stales we represent agree to separate part in peace. If you are unwilling we should part in peace, tell us So, and we shall know what to do when you reduce the question to submission or resistance. If you remain silent, you will compel us to infer what you intend. In that case California will become the test question. If you admit her under all the difficulties that oppose her admission, you compel us to infer that you intend to exclude us from the whole of the acquired territories, with tho intention of destroying irretrievably the equilibrium between the two sections.— W would be blind not to perceive in that ase that your real objects are power and sg „ra„u'!Ts£jfl?nt, 3'id infatuated not to set according!)', in cOßeiWft-'w repeated that he had all long endeavored to repel,these ag gressions of the North by arresting lite agi tation, with the intention of saving i|>e Union, if possible—and if not, to save section where his lot had been ca, 'fT7 done bis duty, let what wojlu come, he >Vould bo free from all re^iptty 4 bility. Hon. James RiichananV The folloiviug handsome compliment to tie Hor. JAMES BUCHANAN is taken from the Glickn bemburg Sentinel, ami will be read with pjjasure by his many friends in Demetratic Co lumbia ' Mr, lias been spending sotfce' eight or ten days it'ith us. The warmth l with which he hag J?een welcomed l(y old friends who are gathered here lrom ill> parts of the Uoion, mark the hold he upon the confidence, respect and affections of his countrymen. His great abilities as a statesman seem to have been brought to tlio public eye in more prominent relief even than before, by the contrast presented in the weak, bungling and vascillating course of his successor in the Department of State. In regarding these two Secretaries, one in voluntarily views them as Mr. John M. Clayton,of the State of Deleware, and BU CHANAN of the UNITED STATES! CALIFORNIA NO NEW THING.—The Lancasterian says a friend has given it the following lines,which he recently found printed in the ornamental heading of a deed, dated 12th October,l7B4. The dic ti >n is not over accurate,and the verse halts a little; but the passage shows that the poet scrivener was no doubt a member of progress; who had unfortunately got into the wrong century. "And now extend 0 Friendship furthermore Thine sacred wings to Californy's shore. Gome and reside in every Savage breast. I And doom the swords of Sempiternal Rett." HON. JAMES M. •POWER.—By a letter receiv ed from the late Canal Commissioner ..dated at Havanna, we are sorry to learn from the Harris burg Telegraph , that he has not realised the ben eficial effect* to his heslth, that he anticipated in that climate, and that he would immediately re turn to Savannah, with the intention of going to San Augustine, Florida. Hia friends will regret to learn (hat he entertains hut faint hopes of re covery. Our Canal The Harrisbnrg Unien says: "The Pennsyl vania Canal is now in line navigable order, and the line boats to Pittsburg, hive been paaairg through our borough tur the last two days, hsav ily laden with dry goods, groceries, hardware, 4rc. on to the West, From present indica tions, there will bo a very heavy amonnt of goods . sant westward through our improvements this spring, both from Philadelphia and Now York as the New York canals will not be open for the | next five or six weeks. Art effort is melting at Harisbnrglo revive the charter of the Valley Railroad. j The tonboat Patrick Henry was sunk in the | Mis-issippi near New Orleans en the 15th.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers