wmM whb fr re w nim w
13 EI 0 CJiXi
And bloomsburg general advertiser,
lEV'i L. TATE, EDITOR.
,,
"TO IIOaVD AND TRIM THE TOltOtI OP TRUTH AND WAVE IT O'ER Till! DARKENED EARTH."
TERMS : $2 50 IN AI) VANCE.
OL. 19. NO. 14.
BLOOMSBURG COLUMBIA COUNTY, PENN'A,, SATURDAY, JUNES, 1S6.5
VOLUME 20,
:4
BALTIMORE LOCK HOSPITAL
' Baltimore, Mil.
REESTABLISHED as a REFUGE PROM
$ QUACKERY.
yc Only Place ichac n Cun can be ub-
lai'iat.
Dr. Johnson has dis-eovrfd tlio most
frvrtnlii. Hpcrdy, mill only KUVclunt Iti meily in Ihu
EWorld Ii r tTiKiiri! hi lliu llnrK or l.imli., Stiiiturrii
jAircctlnrii i,f ihu Kldiny. uml lilndilir. Iijvolutiiury
Iniixlikici i. Iniiiiitt'nrt Ccniril llitnlltv. Nurvnu-
Kiiff. I Yiprpfln, l.tituttior. Low Spirits, Confusion nf
l.li'i s, i n r ' l n I j i r i m mo iiinn, 1 iiuiuiiy, I riiuliliii",
It-ltntK'f Nielli or (liddltick. Dlfcasu of Ihu Hund
, yritrti.it, Nine, nr HumiIs- tlio.p Tcrrildu olsonlcr
Jptirlslni! from Quinary 1 1 11 1. 1 1 j or youIIi-strri I mil
Ulltury prncllci'9 mora lutnio in 1 1 r ietlum llrwi tlio
inn nf ryrfim to Urn Mfitimm (if III' tarn, blluliliin;
loir iiiiikI hrilll.Hit liniics r iititicliuitlolfi. rcndirliii
diarrim', .'id iiupo!.;ililc.
YOUNO MEN
I'upciinlly, uliu hav" lu conto tlw vicihns nf sNdltmy
Vicu, ili.it ilrinilfiil uml dcum-livi! habit u Mill ilium-
illy mic-ipe In an ll lit I nu I j- t mui llitilliMiiiln nf juting
"Jiiien of t!i inot exulted tulufitu iithl tirilli.iiit lull lied,
ttlui iultflit cillmrH Itu liiivu (.'ntriincod II lining Hun.
'ii'ib Uilli 'hi! tliundt r'n uf i In pictici', (irwokud toic
itjiy tlic lit in.! lyic, inn)' rull uilli full cuulldcncp.
MARRIAGE.
Murrl.il pf rjniif, nr youiiz iihmi cniitinipliiliii.i iiur-
rluif'!. li-dti-jr nivuro nf plivir-ut uruLtiu., nrirniiic iln
lllily, ii 'iriiiitl'. fL'iMiily cur -.I.
fllln wl.ii p!uc litunicll'iitidiH Uio euro nf l)r 1. rimy
1 rJltBliniply cntilldu in lil liniinr nt n (.'rnlli'iu in, unit
cntilMiully nlv upon Ii id 'Mil a fli nicl ill'
i$ OIICAN'K,' V I'.AKiSTSs!
iiirni'dlitily Ouri'd mid full vlanr rr-tnr,'il.
.VJIil ilMr.'H-i'is irTiniii lin.li ii'iiil'TU lifi' iui
crublo mill iniitri''i!i' linpn,m!ili i Urn p'Vuliy pui
liv'tlii! vi iIiik "f i 1 1, i r .;! r iihliilL'i nn'J Voiuie iu r
' .hiiii ii to Inn npl " coinmlt from mil Iiviiik
ttnru ni 'lit-iirt'.'iiiiui rnin.'iiii iicnn irul liny ciihiii'.
'Now. wlin that iindi r.i mil llu 9'ilijcrl w ill prtU'inl to
tuny that 'the pnwiT uf priTrnulii n i lnt Minntr hy
tlioini initio:! iiiln ini r por Intuit Ihuii hy tin1 pru
'))lt'lil I lli'riil-4 I, ii K ih pri vil o tho pli n-urr nl lit nl
,'t'y nllVprini:- Ihu mn-t pi'iin'i uml ilrrtlriiilivt' p)inp
'litunni Initli Imly ami iiilml iinm. 'I'h.i Hyli'in In'
' coiiii!' ik'niiiii'Ml, ih" phyiirul mul naiitul funili' nu
Jwcam'iiuil. I. ofsi i'l l'r'Cri a(ii! potter, Setiaun ,Irii
tllhillty II) uprjKin, I'.l I J r; 1,l ( j , ,11 it til., Ili.irl. I I.SIJW'
linn, 'in -t i tut 1 1'-:.! 1 1 1 I m 1 1 1 , u 'Wu.tinj ol tin; i'ruini',
Cniiiih, (.'uitMihtpttiiti, Dray mi I lli'ath.
" lilt. juil.-T.I.V,
,31i.'iiilii:r nf th" ll.)ul Unlli'40 oh t'nri'nn", Lmiilnii,
iJrniiiMti' frnm nil" i,f ilnj iiiojt eiuiiiLiit Cnili-jjuii in ih-i
t-i 1,'niU il r't'iH1", ami ti n pn ilti'r'p.irt of whoso life !ia
Mii'un "'"iil 111 t I- hNipituld nf l.iiiiilnn, l'.iriK, 1'liiln
t"ik'liln 1, uml H.n'U Ihti h is t if. it'iil uninn nl Hie limit
5 iV-tniii'liliis: curl K ill it tvcri1 rvrr know 11 ; many irmi.
uhlulw'ttl' riiijiiii'j 111 III" hi'ii'l mnl Hid "linn imloi p,
.'Jure.H lu'rviuijiii'iii, I, 'lin ulinni'il at Miiliinn kkiiiiiIh.
Slfhl'iilni'hs H i;h rn i'I IU til 11 .-Ii i n 3, utt nihil ."nun:
f... tliiica ulth il"r in'.-mun I of i.iiti.l, were i iirt'd immcili
iatily. X TKi: PASTIl fl.AU xotici;, 1
Jlr. J. Uih'ri'pKiM till IhiMchii h.ivu 1 lit u r '.hiMi:.
,iulvi'ii !)' iinprnpi r Iniliilariitu uml nlu,iry Lnll'iH
which ruin iui ii'iuy aim uiiini, untitling tiiiui Mr
L'Hlu'r hUMiiu,, Mini)', s rk'ty, nr miirniitn.
4 I hepi; nri' aotii.' uf th 1 j, ill ami iii'il.iiu'liully uirijct-"
pro luu .1 hy 1 inly liaMt uf yniilh, vU : WVnkiicds 1 f
jbtliu llai N mi 1 l.iiuhd, I'iiiu 111 1 lie Ik-ml, Dtuiiii'Hii of
v'f!i!hl, l,oii "f .Mu riillr rmvui. Palpitation nf ihu
Tlliikri liyipt'p-'i 1, VciiHU: Iriutahility, Iuruiiuuuiiut
f,(f Ihu Higcrim K11111 timid, (k'nuriil Debility, dyuip
SKfiiih of I 'iiiia.iiupli 111, Uf..
V7" jI'!n'iXI !'.'! liDfi'iirrul cuVftj 011 Cn- mlml arn much
,.'iti rj tliLMiluil 't.nf. uf iiu-iui rv. Cutifiititun nf IiIc.ik,
SjU ilrHMim ufplJlt, FJmI PurhniJitwil, ,.)vi-r inn til
;"Hoi I. ly, tVlf Illiirltiil, l.m-u uf Sj lluili , "1'itiiiiiity.iic
Jmi' uiih' of tin" 1 vi iWn lucil.
; 'I h"iiMiii'Jti if poiiiHiirt of nil .it'rii can iiuw jiiilu
f M h.it i thi' email of 'In ir ili'i liniui health, loditijj thi ir
'vi'or. b run. 11m u cult' ji ito, ncrv-iiH mill mi uii.twil,
fallal mil a fiiiuul.ir iipprar.iui-' about th tycy, cjugh
' ami pni'tuuid uf i;,i:idi oiptiun.
YOl NC! .MEN
Mini liivn ii'Jurri' ilirmFulvcd by a orl.iut praclicu.in
iliili il ill uhi'ii al.uiii, a hatnt Iru pii'iuly k'arui'il from
11 ll luinjianiunii, ur at .11111111, ttiu ull'scta i.f whii Ii uru
nl hlly hit, f en whi'ii afh'i'i, mi I, if lint iiiruil run
ikrn irartiat'i' iiupiM. iblu.miil ilunlmys liuth mini uml
buly, fhuiihl apply iunnuillalcly.
.U hut 11 pity lhat a younu 111.111, Ihu hr.pu uf our con 11
"try, lliu 1 rule of hid p in-nH. lnuil,l In: Knati h."l from
all i . u-pi'its ami l ujiiyiiii'iitii nf lih, by thu mnn
.4'uiiiiii "f ilut I it in if frnm iln- i-ath of niluru and In.
iiluli! mi in a i ' 'I rr t htihit. Puch p"rMius uiimi,
, u,ii.. 1
unt 1: pi n
MAllllIACiE,
ri'ltect thai n ri'iuml iiiiitd and holi' nr' the tuot ncciM.
rary rrquiritrft t.i proiiiote rounuiii.tl luippirn'-'d In
tfaiked, withot't thei' the joiirue) throilgll life hi.'enilied
ffii weary pik'numst! ; tin prupeit hourly darken to
(thu vievi, (he iiiiinl bccijtin ri bhiniuivud v llh ik'hp.iir
'iuiiI lilli'd w ith the mi'lai.cholly r. ileitluu Hi it the 11 )
'plue.-duf aiu tliir hecomi'd bliJhted tilth oar oun.
Offkr, 1 Soitlft 1'icikiH: Strut,
.'li flhaud(ii.lu. .lull from Ihilliuiore dlreot, 11 fe'i iloori
fri'iu Hie c'rif:. . Tail not tu objerv ntiuiu and mini
-.her.
li 'lerd recived iiulend pn- p il l and coll.
.''liiiiiiMg 1 tairip tu bu tided utt tli'j r 1 ly. Icraiiiid
writing hluiL,i rtate age and d-ml purl 1011 of ml ten lee
, llu ili defi libit f .yui iniii'
t The Uoi'tur'K Ulplouio h.ingd in hid iilk-e.
Endorsement 'of tic I'reis,
The manv tlioii,a,i'l.'i cured at thi-i ustablkhmeiit
'awiiIiiii the la-t ti ,uty year , and the nuuii-roui mi
- ipnrtaut Pnrglcal npcratioiid perf'ir'ne.l, by Dr. JotiiH
ton, vitui'-ie,l hy the n porterd ofTliu dun and many
,mh"r paprrn, m tked nl which have nppe ired iigaiii
1111 1 i.gain Ir foiu Ihe public, hi'diki hid .landing ;id a
f? Ki'litlemiiii uf charact"r and r'.'.-pmidibiliiy, id 11 pijlli
iaijijiii nt guaranty to tin' alllicfd.
ir HKin Mistimes Spete'iij Cure I,
A ill i.', !-.-..-ly
. . . . .
Wew Skirt for i8G5.
Till', CI!I1T INVIINIION 01 Till: AIJ
iv nnrii' i;tii'i'..i
J. W. Uru'li-y'd New Patent Diplcx hllipti; nr don
bin) Spring tikirl.
Wert." Ilraillcy Cary, (late J l.k'J.U. Wi.t.)
dole Proprii tors mid uiamifatliiterd, i rhainhe,d and
T.i and i'l Ileai'e ritreeti, Xutv Vurk
Thin ii'ventiou cniidii.td of Duplex (or tivo) lll iptio
fSji'ilSpiingr.. iKgi njofiiily Hraidi.dTightly mnl riruily
logouicr, eugu in eugii, unil,l'ig him luuna-i.iuodi 11. ,
Ibtu Ll'inlic ami Duiable ripriug evi r itdi'd. 'I hey .el.
uuiu iii'iiu or ureax iiko til" ningiu spring?, ami con
eipinatly 1're.i rve llieir perfect and beiutiful eh ipu
I twice as long nd nuv other skirl.
'lho wniiderful ildxibiliiy mil ereal comfort ami
pleasure to any la ly .vri.iriug the duplex II. itic-ki i
iv, will bu experieni e.l puttlcUlurly 111 all cmwilo l
L Afscmblie., Dpi rad, t'urriugtd.Hailru. d Cird, I'll una
rTTevd, Arm t'haird, for Pwuui nu In and House Urcdn
, lid the tjkirl c 111 he folded, when in use, to occupy .1
.iiiiall plain ad tadllv iih it n'.lk or muslin dredt
"V'A lady having i'ijo)ed thu pliasitri'. comfort, mid
grra' conveiiieneo if wearing thu "Uunln.v, Elliptic
.etetl Spiiug rililrf for a iule day, will ni'ver aliur
wurJi ttillluuly ilidpeiidO Ith llieir u.e. 1'nr rhilJre.11
Midstd, and Yuurg Ladled, they tiro fluperiir to all
other d.
itTtiey ure 1I10 bett q lality in every part, hint untuos
.llouably tin l.ightrtil. mo.-t ili'dlrable, 1 0111 fortiibte, mid
ccnuomical dkirlevrr made.
V I'oll rt.l,i; 111 all lirdl cladd .lurid 111 thid City, and
. .Viroughnut thu L'l'iitcl lilated, L'anaJu'. Ilamna do
Uuba. Mexiru, HduiIi America, and Ihe Wi dl Indian,
.'INtll'llll' roil TI1U IIUI'LIIX C1.1.IITIC SKIUT.
April 1, Irfi 5.
v Skylight Picture Gallery.
TIiIIE unilortiRncd respectfully informs
Jetti ilia illi.(.iid nf lilnnliuhurR mid the public gene,
Wmlly, lltut hi had euccecded Mr.Koden.luik in the l'ho
J"fk;rupli mid Dnguern'mi huslnedd, nt ilia well knoun
"Uky.l.lglil tfintu'. in Urn Cicli.umu IlloiJi overr-K.hner'd
Store, lu win tit he Inn added u full Cami-ru ami iiu
irovcd material, by whUh ho promise to tnk the
1 jjas' perfect
T5 life-ukk pic wit es,
icatcd or Blanding, Hint liavo yet been produced In
Mils suction of Cpuniry.
Thid lining tho only I'lmbliidimenl of tho kind In
Ulooindhurg, and having been lilted up at heavy ex,
uciivo, it may lu considered 11 lire! ilan I.IKUNL'dH
'. BAI.UJIN, Oroiipa or a finj la picture taken ut any time
llu ."lints the public cudtnui and trusts lit) will be
nl lc to riiulrr guncril sari.facilnn.
(XT- AI.Ul'.Mn AND riLTUltl! ritAMIU. 'I il
ilii'ls, ronitaully "it hand uml (or 3.1I. cheap.
CLVMUN'. VKAltUAin
"'com ' 'ir Mi' I, " '!,i
Sclcd'jpoctvj).
Tho Open Door.
Within ntouii nf llullanil otici
A wiiloiv dwult.'tl. nalil,
So pour, ulna I lur children moVcl
Unu night, in ral ii. for brer.'!.
Ilut tlila poor woman Inveil tha Lord,
And knew that liq wan good ;
60, wllli her little ones nro'iinl,
Mhu prayed tuiii'iiVor fu id.
When ptayor win donn. her nMcet child,
A boy ofclghtyt'llti! old.
Puld, iuftly: "In Ihu liulybouk,
U iar mu her, we arc told,
How (iod, tilth fond by raven brought,
Supplied hl prophu'ii noud "
"Vi'i," amwred uhc ; "but that, my .on,
Win luti;! ngn, Indeed."
"Put, mother (Iod may do ngal'i
hat hu ha. done before ;
An. I in, tu let ihu bitd. (ly in,
I will umliifu t'.u iloor,"
Then llttlu IlirMn pimple failli,
Threw open Ihuduor full uido.
Ho that thu riulii'iit uf thi'lr lamp
foil 011 the p.itl (nitride.
Pre long Ihe buri?ouia'i'er paii'cd,
Ami nnlltiue Ihe liltlit.
Pan i'il to iri'iuiri' ", y'tlie door
U'nj uprii tu a nljrlit.
".My little IJirk lian .lone ll.jir, '
'I he widow , iimilliiir, raid,
"Th t n.t atii luiehl fly In tabling
My hungry chihlri., bri u I."
lulled !' lliel.iirtjoin.Lii r riled,
"Tin 11 here'j 11 raven, lud ;
Come to my Inline and ynu dh ill i.i:d
Wncrc brrail may 801111 be lind,"
Along lliertreet filiiii own hminj,
Hi '11 ir K'y lead Ihu hoy.
And wot him h ick u llh fond that tilled
111 humble, home with joy,
1 lie puppi r einlei', little lliik
V nt tu thu open ih or,
l,u ked up, H.iiil, "Many llianki, gnri.l Lord,"
1 lieu shut it f1.1 o no luoro;
I'.'-, th iifh no bird ban entered in,
lie kiicu lhat l.od on high,
Had li-'.irkri'oil tu hid inuthei'd prnyor,
And rent thid lull ditpply,
A Temperance Family.
,Toj Harrii'on was a whole-sculeiinorry
(t'llow, arj'l foii 1 of ;i ijlafs After living
in Ntv Orluinu fur many year.-), ho eamo
to ihu caiie'tiMuu of vifiiting ou old uncle
atfay up iu .Ma.suacl.UiJttts, whoiii ho had
not (eon lor many years. Now there U a
diiF'-runcc httwcui Now Orleans and Mas
sachiia, tl.i in regard lnv,'t tiso of ardi-ut
Sii 1 1 i it- ; and, whim Joe arrived there, he
found .ill thu pioplu arouud about leinpcr
uueo. lie left bad, thinking, with'tliu old
bong, that by keeping tho .iiiid up hy
pour.nji hpirils down wn.i tin of the bcrfl
ways lo inuko lime pa.,iind brgnu to ftb'r,
iui-tcad, that he was in a decided picklo.
but tin the morning of his arrival, the eld
inun and his sons bt in cut at work, Inn
aunt came to him and f-a'td :
'Y'ia have been living at the S-iuth,aud
no doubt are in the habit of taking a little
of something to dring about eleven o'clock
Now, I keep- a little here, for medical pur
poses, but let no one know it. as my hus
band want3 to ret the children a good ex
ample" Joe proniirud that ho would siy noth
ing about it to any one ; and, thinking
thai he would get nothing inoro to drink
that day, took, at ho cxprcfjed il, "u bus
tiT." After ho had walked out lo tho
.-tiblc, who should he meet hut his uncle,
who said to him :
'Well, J0C1 I esjicct'you arc accustomed
to drink something in New Oileaus, but
you will find 'm all temperance hero, anil,
for tho sake of my sous, I don't let them
know that I bavo brandy about, but I just
kcr p a little oui here lor my rheumatism,
Will you aecppt a littlu ?"
Jon s-igi.iGo 1 hU readiness and took atio
ther big1 hoi ti.
Hu coutiuuOd h'fl walk,wbc'n bo' come to
whero the 'boys- were maiding rails. After
'conversing awliilOjOtie-of tbc'couiins said :
" Jop, I expect you would like lo hava a
drink, and, as tho old folk ar3 down on
liijuor, wo keep tome out hero to help uh
701k."
Out canio tho bottle, and down they sat,
and Joo says by tho time ho w't'ut homo to
dicner ho was as light as ho could bo, and
a'l ouuio from visiting a temperance fain
ily. For. Sam:. Wo offer tha Pi luting C3
tabliahnii iit of the "Indinni Dumoorat"
for sale on rerBouublo terms. It will ho
sold for less than tho cost of the material
in tho office, The fiapcr onjojs a hand
Fomo patronago; boing tho only Dome
oratio popor in the county. The sub'crip
tiou list, after boing out down this opiing,
is about QGO most of thcoo good advauro
paying tubscribers. Tho advcitfslng pa
troaago is largo, as will bo seiD by an
examination of ihe paper, tnd tl o jobbii g
respootablu. To aa imlustriiua and en
terprising practloal printer. Vfith a tmall
family, this U a rare- opportunity, for wo
will guarantee the profits of ono year lo
pay for tho cntiro establishment. Addross
Ja.'s, 13. Sansom, Indiana, Pa.
Tho Plaguo haa broken out in Hiusia,
Thousands "fdoathe arc Buidto fcntr in
i Mnlo d y
1005. READ, I860.
'AN'D
Hand lo Your Neighbor !
PUOSPEOTUS
.or
The Philadelphia Age.
1865 .
THE ONLY DEMOCRATIC DAILY
MOItNINa JOURNAL PUULISIIED
IN PHILADELPHIA.
The Union, 'Ihe Constitution, and the En
forcement of the Laws.
Tho PublMicrs of tho Philadelphia Ago,
invito the earner t attention of busiuess
men, (hinkiug men, literary meu, and all
who art) interested in tho various occupa
tions and purruitii of lifo, to tho DAILY
and WEEKLY editions of their Journal
The Philadelphia Daily Age,
Which advocates tho piiuciptcs and pol
icy of tho Dtinoeratio party, is issued cv
cry 'morning, (Sund.iys uxor-i'lcd,) and
coutaius'tho lattst intelligence from atl
parts of tho world with carofu'ly pn par
ed articles on Goveruinont.Politic.'rrhdo,,
Finance, u'Jid nil tho'currcnt fjuestious hud
ulTairs cf thu day; Local iutclligonrc,
Market ltoports, Prico Current, .Stock
Quotations, M.irinu and Commercial In
telligence, Uoportu of Public Gathrjriiigs,
foreign aud dotucstio C(rropcritknco,
Legal Reports, Hook notices, Theatrical
(Jritici-ms, Reviews of Litcraturo Art ai.d
Music, Agricultural Matters ; and di.cu3
mous of whatever i-uljjcct is of general iti
tcreat aud importance.
No event of 11117 importance bcci'rr.d iu
auy part of the country without bung
fully and promptly lolfgraihe'd to and
published p'ruuiptly in its columns. ' Ii
lias all the despatches of tho Asuocititotl
Press from every pait of the United Stales,
and 'tho news 'fiom all parts of Europe
brought by the steamers is instaully tele
graphed, from whatever point tho steamers
first touch.
TEH MS Ten Dollars, per annum, for
a Mnglo copy; fivn' Dollars', lor "sis mos. ;
Two dollars aid Fifty Ceuts, for ihieo
months ; aud fi r auy less tiiuo, at the rate
ol One dollar per mouth. Payment rc
qu'rtd invariably iu advance.
The Philadelphia Weekly Age,
In n complctcooinpondium of the Ntwsof
tl 0 Week, and contains tho Chit f Edito
rials, the Prices Current and Market Re
ports, dtock qts itutions, intelligence for
farmers, Corrcrpoudoiicc, anil General
News Matter published in the Daily Age.
'It also ooniaius a grout variety of other
litsrary bnd mi-collauoous matter, includ
ing tales, sketches, biography, facctito and
poetry, rendeiinp it iu all re.-pcets a first
class family Journal, particularly adaptid
to the Politician, the Merchant, the Fur
mtr, tlx Mechanic and tho Literary man,
and all classes of readers. It has, iu fart,
every charactori-tio of a LIVE NEWS
PAPER, fitted 'for Counting House, the
Workihop, tho fireside, and the Ge'acisl
Reader.
'The Weekly Ago is mailed in fonson
to reach all parta of Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, Delaware aud Maryland, on or
before Saturday of ebch livcek'.
TERMS. Two "Dollars per annum for
a single copy ; Ono dollar for six inco. ';
aud Sixty conta for thrco months. Ono
copy gratis will bo sent fi r one year to
the per.'un forwarding us twenty yearly
subrcrihers paid in advance1 No paper
will be scut uuiil tho subscription is 'paid.
Specimen copies of the above pn'pris
sent gratis to any address, on application.
TO ADVERTISERS,
Tho cir'cul'atio'a of the Philadelphia Age,
is steadily and r'a'p'idly growing, makes it
al lruit as valuable u medium for advriii
ing as any oilier commercial and busimsi
newspaper in Philadelphia ; and tho fact
that il reaches a largo class of conservative
rcadors, fcattcrcd over a vast extent ol
couutiy, who do not take any other Philu
dclphh ptper, commends it, to an extra
ordinary ilisgteo, as a means of communi
cating with tho public not possessed by any
other journal published in this city.
THE AGE is now on a suro and per
manent foundaiiou. The publishers oould
oasily Gil thuir columns with the unsought
and most liberal commendations of the
prois throughout .tho country, but they
prefer that it should staud altogether upon
claims to public cquQdcceo wcll-knovn end
established, It will bo, as herctoforo, tho
support of truo National, Conservative,
Democratic, Union principles, opposed
alike to radicalism and fanaticism in every
form, and dovotcd tn tho maiqtainanco of
good Government, Law, and Order. Tho
rovival of all tho business 7clations of tho
country, const quont upon tho supprcstion
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Tunc 3, I9nr. it
Itemarkablo Articlo from a Re
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1 ,1 i
SECRET COURTS - TUB TIlIAL 01" TUB
ASSASSINS.
(IMitorlgl from Thurnlay'j New roik Time
(Mr. Seward's Organ.)
It is very possible tho. publication of
tlio ovidurioi) taken on tho'trial of 'the con
spiralors nt Waohitigron might 'prevent
tho arrest of bomo persons impliosted in
the orimo 6f 'asshsfination who aro nnw
at large ; but thoir arrest uflut ho of very
groat importanco indood, If' 'the fear of
their escaping is tufliuient to 'justify tho
profound sccrcoy with wlJioh it- has been
dttormined to eurrdund the' prooctdiifgs.
Tho chief of 'BooiIi'b accomplices, it it? fair
to coneluda, aro those for whoso apprehen
sion a reward has been ouVrcd 'Davis,
Tucker, Sanders & Co.and il is not pro
tendtd that all) thing which may'trau-piro
at the trial at Washington, will,iu the least
do rco, iffct the ohancu of thoir escape.
They put on their guard 'by tho Pri-s't-drill's
proclamation as they aro likoly to
bj by ati) thing else that can occur.
It is not unfair to ootio'.'tldo, then fore,
that ''tho paitics who may csoapo, should
publicity be given to the proceedings,"
aro "parties" of an inferior degree of
uilt, and now within the limits of ihu
"United Slates, and if so, wo otnnot help
f&)iiTg that Is 'for vAiious weighty rra.ons
to bo regretted that their 'capture should
bo doomed either so iillpo'tant and diffi
cult, as to he 'undo tho pretest or occasion
of introduction into our criminal proce
dure so cxlrcordmary an anomaly as trial
by a 'military I'omunsMon I'dr a 'capital
oll'cuse with closed doors, ti'nd with an
(nth of iucrr'cy if-jpoM-tl on nil 'persons.
taking part iu tho procei ding'. Wo think
it would licvo leen inliuiUly better to
have postpo'uet! llw trial till' all .'publicity
cnuld do no hhrin.cvun if that pciiod were
fikeiy io be. six 'mouths distant, than in
troduco into this country so novel a "tribu
nal, aud one so repuguant to the spirit cf
our ln-titiitions, as lhat which is now sit
ting at iVashington. It in ouc for which
no precedent is to be found in tho history
of any free cointry, and ono of which ihe
worst European dcspoti-mis have rarely
vouttircd, even in a Poland or Hungary,
to tosorl, Evca tho unhappy victims of
the Iri.ih rihcllion woic prepared for tho
gallows iu c-ni'ii court, and in tho light of
day.
Moreover, thero aro stro'sg doubU en
tertained by ill (.ffotted person at the
North as t tho (xistcico of -any good
foundation for the charges made against
Davis iu the late pioobnnation. Abroad
all tho 1 nemics of tho govcrnincnt will
ooftainly receive them with incredulity and
'SeriKon : "and there is no nucslion that.
under al! the oiroutu tahecs, it would be
Uilllcu't to imagine a 'position more hu
miliating and embarrassing than that iu
which tho government will stand, if it
ihould appeal that t'hoio charges were
lightly or frivolusly tuadc." Nothing will
prevent, however, l'ho fpread of such a
presumption, except tho production iu
open couit of tho evidence on wlneh thoy
were based. and its subinis.-ion lo tho soru
iiiiy of the prisoners, counsel and of the
public at large. Thoso who (latter them
selves ih.tt public opinion, either at homi1
or abroad, will bo much iiiduciiecd by "a
version of it which has been edited and
expurgated by the Judge Adroc.ito,"must
be very simple' indeed. "Nobody will
permit hin:aolf, whatever his leanings may
bu, to attach any value to revelations
made uuder conditions in which every tulo
of evidence is set at nought, and even the
experience of every day lifo treated with
contempt."
What makes tho n atter all the worso
is, that 011 tho very day ou which tribunal
begius its proceedings, this rtato of things
which alone could justify it, "jf anything
oould justify it," had been formally do
dared at an end by proclamation, under tho
PrcMilctit's hand and sual. Foreign pow
ers wcro warned that tho war was over at
tho very moment thist a tribun il was a
semUimr, for whose const it'utiou aud pro
cedure nothing but overwhelming and lin
mineu't 'danger to tho uaiional existence
iTould bo n sufficient warrant. Will they
really Relieve that has boon restored whou
a most atrooious crime haa lo be tried and
punish'cd by military court sitting iu tho
national capital ,arid in a country, in which
all secret things, and abovo all; secret
triols,lnjvo always been hold ih obhoronoe I
I A Vermont paper sayB tho ru
mors that tlio high prico of eggs is owing
to tho fact that the hens havo to stamp
thorn i" without foundatbu
Tho Thadry oi tho Origin of
Coal Oil.
It is probablo that all instances of solid
bituuion found on or beneath tho surfaco
of the earth bavo resulted from tho liar
deniug of drops or ro.crvoirs of liquid coal
oil Tho lumps and oristals of yrapbitu
found iu the oldest rock?, liko the lumps
of amber found iu tho newest, were doubt
less oily substances involvod by sand and
mud, R Flukes of anthracito aro found iu
thu centre of rocky crystal. Ge'lutmous
animals and fucous plants abounded in
these anoiont seas, and ought to have pro
vided, by their death, plenty of animal
and vegetable hydroeaibon for ihu miner
al. Tie old red samUtonos, like more
modern formation n, present 'us, for our
c'abinctri, innumc'rublo flattened fish, con
verted into bitumen ; some iu so peifect a
state that every ,'o:ilo can be oouuted, and
every sculptured line upon ihcm submitted
separately to thu mioroscopo ; othors an
undistinguishablc mas3 or daub of tar.
C301111; rocks havo ht'oa so thoroughly
charged with animal rload ma'ttur'thut they '
oiiitt a fetid odor w believer struck, and
arc technically kuowu as stiuksfbnos.
'l'ho bituminous limestones and shale.) of
many different geological ages ate so many
reservoirs nf unim-al and vegetable oil,
produced hy tho death and sbw decompo
sition of successive floral and fauonl crea
tions, perhaps principally coralline. The
fo-'silil'crotis black shales of the central
be't of tho State of New York underlie
Lake Erie, orois 'Ohio and Kentucky into
Tcnnis-cr, and return through Indiana
and foim the litis of Lakes .Michigau aud
Huron. In middle Kentucky tho faces
of the rocks aro smeared and streaked
with oil, fried out of them by tho sun, so
that the surfaces aio blackened as if with
tar. ,
Up to the horizon of these black slates,
asce'inlfng in the column of deposits, ge
latinous sea organisms, both animal and
vegetable, seem to havo constituted tho
principal, if not the sole, apparatus for
generating petroleum. 'But Dawson has
lately discovered in th'o sandstones ovi r
them a truo atigio-peniious exogenous trie,
not much, if any, lower iu ihe scale of de
velopment than those cf which our forests
aro composed. Coniferous trees began
also to abound, and coal beds to be depos
ited in groups. Theueo the higher we as
cend towards and through tho second and
the third or gteat coal moasures, tho more
abundant become the vestiges of fresh wa
ter ami land vegetation, until in the tree
stumps of the coal beds of Nova Scotia wo
find small land nuitual.--. The musses and
forns, the ru hes'and reeds, tuiuutc and
gigantie, of which tho coal beds caino,
suggest tho vegetable origiu of coal oil.
For. it is near or between the three sys
tems of coal measures which succeed each
other in ascending from tho If p of tho up
p?r siluriau to tho coal mcasuns proper
that the amazing discoveiios of subterra
nean 'reservoirs ol oil had taken place. It
is impossible to suppress tho suspicion that
'petroleum is a produot of the slow decom
position cf vegetable tissue.
But tho oil wells aro not funk in coal
measures, hut through them at tho edge of
tho great coal arua. The oil is never found
in eoal beds ; nor havo tho subterranean
reservoirs of oil apparently any connexion
'wilh coal beds, uor even with coal slates,
or bituminous shales or pyrosohiats, as
ihcy aro called. Black slate, oauncl, fat
coal, like lignite, peal and living wood,
will yield tho oils and gases by .distilla"
tion, but tho geological dittiuction must
bo carefully preserved betweeu the free pe
troleum of the rcoks aud wolla and thu
distilled petroleum of the eld oil works.
Tho couuexion of the oil regions with
the coal basins of western Pennsylvania
nud Virginia, eastern Ohio and Kontuoky,
is, iu good measure, a geographical de
ception. The Oil orotk rocks, dipping
southward, pass 500 or QUO feet bilow the
coal measures. Tho nearest coal bod to
tho nioro northern springs occurs on the
highest hill top', many miles away. Tho
hills in tho vicinjty of soruo of tho wells
are capped by tho conglomerate base of
tho coal measures at least a hundred feet
thick. Tho ihalcs and saudstouis of tho
valloy bolonging to formations X, IX, aid
.Mil desoendiug, called by tha New York
geologist tho Oatskill, Chemung, and Por
tage groups, extending over all the south
ern countios of western Now York. Tho
southern dip carries down these oil-bearing
roolo, and the wells must dotpon in
tho samo direction. Mr. Uidgpway re
ports (July 10, ISG'i) tho lowest oil-liear-
ing sand rook, as copping' the hills near
Wa'tcrford, on Lp BocuiT creek, and iho
same sandstones appear on Big French
creek, full of plant rcmiins
wwnMiTivragaawr:
The following wells chow tho dip in a
woll marked 'manner : Tho Phillip'ps
well, on Oil orrck, is -100 feet ; tho Hraw
loy woll, at the month of Cherry run. r03
feet j tlio Cornwall woll, 630 .font; tho
Avery woll, over 700 feet j and at Tiiu'
villo he estimates the proper depth at 1 ,000
or 1.1200 feet.
In tho Mahoning coal oil rogion in wes
tern Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio, near
tho lino, tho three oil-bearing band rock
strata arc beneath the lowest eoal bod.
tho "Continental" boring at "Eilcnburg, iu
Liwrcuce county, penetrated, in desoend
iug order, the following formations befcro
it struck tho oil : Fjrst, the superficial
drift, 80 foej, lliiflc. Seeoud, sandstones
and shales, 200 feet thick, tho liittoiii lay
ers of which consisted of fetid black shale.-,
fiom which coal gas blew off with vio.
lenco. TLird, tho first white Eaudstono,
CO fuel thick, arranged in three strata, a
soltcr middle between harder upper and
lower formations ; tho whole mass said to
bo thin, going east, and holding abundance
ofgaa in its crevices. Fourth, sbalca aud
slater, 10 feet thick, oharged with oil and
ga3. Filth, tho second white aai.dstonp,
75 feel thick softer, coarr-or,and tougher,
or more difficult to bore through than tho
first, and full of ga3 ; after passing thro'
which they otruek tho great oil stratum,
"I 10 fed from tho surface; CrawTord's
boring, not 'far off, went down 580 feet,
through anothur shalcy forma'ion, and
struck oil, supposed to bomo up through a
crevice 'from tho third whito sand rook.
That there is an iutiniate connexion be
tween the character cf thcoo sand forma
tions und tho character of tho oil which
'sues from them is indubitable. Tl o rule
among the miners is, as stated by Mr.
Clark in the "Proceedings of tho Ameri
can Philosophical Society," (Juno, IBlii,
page 37 ) lhat the harder tho roek may
lu to'Ji:ill, tho lighter iu color, pure iu
quality, and smaller in quantity, will bo
the oil obtained therefrom; and tho softer
the rock, the darker and moro abundaut
the oil,
Tho ohqmisl of iho Canada survey, Mr.
Hunt, iiicista strenuously "upon tho dis
tinction between ligniiio and bituminous
rocks, inasmuch as some have been dis
posed," he says, "to regard tho former as
the source of the bitumen found in nature,
which they concievo to liavo originated
from a slow distillation, Tho result of a
oarcful examination of tho question ha?,
Iinwovcr, led us to the conclusion that the
formation of tho one excludes more or
los completely that of thu other; and that
bitumen has been generated uuder condi
tions different from thoso which havo
transformed organic matters into coal aud
lignite ; and probably, in deep water dc
po its, from which atiuosphciio oxygm was
excluded."
Air." Hunt instances iu support of thiu
view, thu fact that tlio It iy lily inflammable
pyrosohists or black slates of the Utioa
and Ilamiltou groups oontaiu no soluble,
bltuuicu, and that the Trenton and cor
uiferouj limestones nt tho base of the si.
luriau system are impiegnatcd with petro
Cum, and givo lise to petroleum spring',
although no fossil laud plaLt has been
found in tbem. Tho fact that a consider
able porticn of tho tissues of tho lower
murine animals is destitute of nitrogen,
aud very similar in 'chemical composition
to the woody fibre of plauts, forms another
link in the chain of reasoning on this dis
tinction between bituminous and lignitio
rocks. The blcck slates, and even fke'eoal
beds arc, in fnot, layers of mud, charged
slightly or to excess with lignitio matter,
peat, or humus part of which has assumed
tho form of glance cC'al aud part tho form
of mineral charcoal, but alciost none ol
which is soliiblo in bcnaule or sulphurct
of cat bun, whereas these liquids easily
dissolvo out the ready formed bitumen
from the rooks which may contain them.
But whenever a coal bed hecamo a repos
itory of doad fish, liko the eight-foot coal
at the mouth of Yellow orctk, at the bcud
of the Ohio, or as in tho ease of tho two
foot stratum (jf phoophatic iron-oro depos
ited betweeu lb' two benches of the Deep
llivcrcoal bed, at Egypt, in North Caro
lina how different an aspect tlio mineral
thon wcarsx glossy ith soluble bitumon J
Mr. Hunt argues with much forco that
tho mero fact that intermediate strata,por
ous enough to nb'oibnll the floating biiu.
men iu their vicinity, aro nevertheless des
titute of nuy, i enough to prove that tho
accumulations of oil now furnishing thu
world with light, never caino from the nub
voleanio distillations ol tho beds of coal
iu their neighborhood, but that the mineral
has bcon gener'atod by the transformation
of t-rgautc matter in the MraU where it
is. Mr. Wall has shown that tho ospholt
of Trinidael rind Vcnrzuc!tt(boloDging how
ever to a much later upper raiooeno pr
lower pliooencc tertiary age) occurs in
limestones, sandstones, and'shalcs, asso
ciated with beds of ligDtto or fossil wood,
and is confined to particular strata wJiioli
were originally, shales contain!ng vogeta
bio remains which havo undcrgono "a
special mineralization, producing a bflu
minauH matter instead of coal or lignite,
and not attributable to heat, nor. of tho
naturo of a distillation, but due to chemi..
oal reaction at tho ordinary temperature
ond under tho normal condi'toao of cli
mate." lie describe;), also, wood partially
converted into bitumen, when removed by
solut'icn, woody fibro rcmajns. (Pt.qc.
GeoJ. Soc.Lond., May 1900. Huut.)
The theory of the genesis of coal oil is,
h iwevcr, far from being cloarcd up by
such facts. It is true that the oil is uot
found iu immcdittto contact with coal boda
made of land or fresh-water plants ; but
ou tho other hand, coal oil regions ore
geographically connected wilh ooal-bed re
gions, whether of devonian, carboniferous,
oolitics or tertiary ago. Coal beds ora
said to uudcrlio Iho Rangoon oil wo'ITa.
Tertiary lignites abound In Trinidad,
Venezuela ; Lombordy, and middle A rim
The lower devonian horizon of tho Cana
da black slate oil region yioWs coal beds
in Pennsylvania. Tho structural difficul
ties attending tho toluliou of the problem
rcmaiu.
Fissures aro filled with oil, and gas,anel
salt water, and different wells strike thorn
at different depth", The oil-bearing Band
rocks cecm charged from top to. bottom
with gas and blow off from, ovory fis u-e
C3 it is passed through hy the auger.
Whence comes this gas, if not by sublet
raooan distillation ? It .is impossible to
postulate tho gas first and tho oil after
wards; for ihat order woulilv require tfie
generation of pres3uro.sufKoic'at afterwards,
and tho oil would bo ia.thc' oonditipn. of a
mechanically crplostble 4uid. Tto gas
must her a subsequent expansion tho oi!
hs it Is in t'hc.OBSo, of coil mine Srp-'iaip.
Whence, then, comes tho oiljand vrhy,.haa
it collected in reservoirs ? How a:o auoU
reservoirs preserved, and what is their ox
tent ? It is oasy after these questions how
been answered, to describe the mechanical
propulsion of the oil to tho surfaoe, partly
by gravity and partly by tiro pressure ot
the gas it has itself generatod, through
natural fissures producing natural oil
springs, or through artificial auger bole.
The intermittent action of most of tlTo
flowing and spouting wells is liko that of
the Iceland geysers,-where steam is th
motivo power. The oil men of tho Ma
honing valloy say thot more gas is blown
eff in winter than iu summer.
At the Edeuburg well, above referred
to, the blast of gas is sometimes violent
enough to stop tho pumping engine for
half an hour at a time. Mr. Clork re
ports a perimjieity or daily maximum iu
tho paroxisms. Ho noticed for several
weeks that they recurred with singular
regularity a few minutes after eight
o'eloek iu the oveuiug, -arlion tho engitio
was forest! to stop for twenty minutes or
half an hour.
In tho almost unchanged horizontal por
ture of the western coal measures no cou-
siderablo fracturingor Assuring took place.
Faults of all kiuds arc uncommon and
very Bmnll when they exist at all. Tho
rise of the stratification from the Alle
gheny river towards Lake Erio i a frao
tion of one degree, ''ho original contents
of tho roeks have therefore been preserved.
Not so with the anthracite basius on tho
outheastern side of the great coal area.
Crushed aud upturned and overturned.
contorted and fractured iu cvgry part, this
part of the earth .s crust has been dried
and hardened, aud exposed to chemical
p.ot;ou from the superiuoumbent drainogo
water-', until its various formations (the
coal beds included in the number) havu
been mctamerpliojcd and parfially rccrys
tnliztd. Tho oils which they contained
havo been lost by dissolution and evapo
ration. The bituminous coals La70 be
come authrncitcs, and tho hot oil spring
on the headwaters of tho Lehigh, tho
Sohuylkill, tho Juniata, tho Potomco, or
tho New river, creased to flow many rail
lions of years ago, In tho west, on lis
nnnrrnrw. 5n rnuallv ainiont. nav. in Meft-.
1 1 J 1 J I -
tioalty tuo samo rocus, mo petroleum Kill
lemaini1, having had, no outlet ; alvaya
hcrmetioally sealed "and under pressuro.
It remaiHa partly coudonscd in eoal bedo
and black shales, partly distribute'd 'thro'
tho eand rocks and limestones, and partly
filling up tlie'joinh whieh tliohrinkitiir of
ntjiv has proiluonl Posibly i Binull pc
i