OLUMBIA
DEMOCRAT
J'J?
AND BLOOMSBURG GENERAL ADVERTISER.
LEH L. TATE, EDITOR.
TERMS: 82 00 IN ADVANCE.
"TO HOLD AND TRIM TII13 TORCH OF TllUTII AND WAVE IT O'ER THE DARKENED EARTH."
i.lfff..
18. NO, 17.
uu
RECEIPTS FOB MAY,
TO TII12
COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT.
-:oi
T!io following payments hnvo been mado
to tho Columbia Democrat, office, during
'dlV month of May, 1804:
Aaron M Vanslckle $2 on. John A Pimitnlin Hnq
kathan Creasy W.'.,1!'1 '.' ,Vcivcr
hit or John Broun sr WMlllbert Ilea
i Kline (Mtricasaiit) 1 OOiCaluri'nlrlck Grady
A M Mailcller 00 " Jolm Price
brah.-!1.MaUlter 1 OOjl-ll U.nloti
AbfnhnnlBvvepc-iilil.fr I IKI.S.itii II llutclilnoti
hemlock School Ul.t I .'.tV;Jalric'l l.vett
4 00
II a.i
1 711
2 00
a mi
a .in
i an
5 00
a no
3 f H
VUy'UKHB 4 IjOjl'cter lldniir
i'hrlstlan von s-i
saee Snydor
llclianl Kilo
jyil.s JamlC Blclu-r
A J Albertson
Wm Krlckbaiim
Win I'lihcr
Win Eyer
Samuel Snyder
r.uto I. Adams
II M Amnierman
At A Ainniorinati
Mr Mary Ann Winn
1 .11 .. IVImnn
1 ..)l'.ilu II , iiiir.
U nntjiihti Lore
7,'i J Woiselbauin
t iKijIt l.nltlbs C.'i
2 uiJJnrnb Hwlshor
!! no!-, tepiten II Mctluonii
!! iioIS.niiiti'l II ShulU
3 lnyiJi-iitfuiuHl (WW)
!! iio'Alirali'iiii M t It lit"
4 (10
3 00
7 75
5 no
a oo
i no
a on
4 on
i no
a on
a oo
l no
I sn
a oo
3 All
I 00
I 00
I (III
a no
a on
A III
i mi
a oo
v on
A ah
a no
a on
u AO
a oo
I HI
4 no
n ao
a ao
A 00
I All
All
4 00
fi 00
a on
4 on
H AH
I no
a oo
4 AO
3 on
a on
7 AO
AO
30 nn
a oo
a ".'..Jon I' Kiuitio
3 T.!J,'f -s I'aliln Inner
luiAlirnliiiiii A Kliwi
I nnMnlin mini
Allison rn man . , T. ,.
lleni Wliitcrstecn ni 4 (ift 3.,:h
Henry 1) Knorr 4 mi '; er !' ''
3 (liiA'cali Manner
ihcicr
(i I) Kllno
rii-rnanl Amniernian
i nn.Wllll.nn Fnrtn-.r
Iki'f" Margaret L're.ny
5 iiuiJolm It Koiilfr
V! t)il IihIkoii Ok on l'.a
A ?tiJo9 I. Hltihcl
V! nujtVm It Kr.iini'r
4 inijj II .Marililinnk
3 UDjJacnb lltiisbai ll
ii IKljl'i't'T Jnii"
'J ojlAlfri'il Mnnil
fiuJCiii.iiiuil ll.iilinan
3 uuiWrn llnniiLT
O'l'OliviT livnm
I iiipjnliii Mill Hr
! (ill J U Harrison
3 Su'lloii Win Colli'y
nu(!i'o W t'nrn'll
j nil A V Ili'iiiM it
7 .',() : II lllilti'iick
J unsililiip) rt t-Ulei:
a HI Af I' Monro
II JO John Jiini'i t-'r
a Oil Vol Wi lllv.-r
I HUM of II Wi lliver
I ill KmbiMi U.ivN
a CIO llklianl iSlih'H
a Oil I s.-ian l.i iiiun
AO John II i:hh
C W) riillip Slioi inaki-r
a 45 AlU-o .Maim
a III) Mown Hrliliiher
Chas II llcllierlrli
Jacob l.yerly l"
Jenic Coleman I'.i'l
A Welas
F.st Samuel Wanlrk
'J'liomaa Jnnca
Jacob MeUck (.Ml I')
J II etecker(ltl)
Joseph II Sin. lull
I'hcdrack L Hean
Aaron llcndcrshot
lleorgn John
John Itatln
II J Kunrr
John Grovor
John Caldwell
Hat of Wilt Coi
Ceo IV HcatcH
Chas T!. human
Hnniiicl I'lsher
Al ( Wondvi ril r.M
fist of Jolih Ma.uii
Levi Thomas
Clms II liens t:
Jacob Delimit l!si
Andrew I) Whitiiiiro
Joaeph Pohe
Stephen al fienthart
John Al Whilu
I W McKelvy
Win U Drake
Illram Mhllltz
(l'i,
J V IT i liter
a oi
Win II .Mnlllvy
Coliiiulii.i County
Solomon Hat to'rt
John Millnry .tr
Wk gratefully acknowledge liberal pay
ments for the p.i.'t mouth of May. Prompt
paymeuts nro very cncoiiragiri";. Our
good friends, we are porKuadeil, appreci
ate tho importnucc of eustuiuing an out
spoken, iiidfpetidtfnt and uncompromising
democratic Journal, aucb as always has
been and ever shall bo tho old "Cor.r.MiUA
Democrat."
"Bargains! ""
BARGAINS!
IF YOU WANT TO 1HJV
GO TO
t'reasy's Storo, in Light Sired, Pa.
Who Keejm ull Kin Is of
CALICO,
" MUSLINS,
' SILKS,
'.. G I NO II AM,
FLANNELS, .
a CARPETS,
i HOSIERY ,
SHAWLS,
"T'jSbady-Made Clothing
Sugars, Molasses,
Syrups, coffees,
Teas, Fish,
U8nlt, Bacon,
HamS, Lard,
Tobacco, ct'ars,
Hats, Root",
(5aps, Shoes,
Drug.?, Oils,
Paint?, Sc., &c.
In aihllllon to our large atoek of Dry Cnmla, we havo
n l.nge ami full assortment of Iteatly .Mtnlo Clothing
.tieti ami 1 lloj a wear wliirlt wo aro determitied to
Vl cheaper th hi can bo bought olaew here, ('.ill ami
sen. ami jndgo tor yourselves.
II. W. CIIUASY i CO.
Light Street, April 23. lfiOI.
THE
PHILADELPHIA TNQUIKER.
DOUllLE S1IEHT, FOUTY COLUMNS,
Published every Morning, (except Fun
.'day,) by William W. IlAnDi.su, No. 121
South Third St., Philad.
run nnuAT LW?i'ArKU of riiiLAniiLruiA '
The trying times of the nation's history in ,hlcli
e live, lender a
LIVE NEWSPAPER!
nn Indispenalblo necessity to every man who would
keep himself informed, ot the important evonta wl Ich
are dally transpiring. To 1'iirui.h a paper which will
meet tliojust eipeitittione of the public in suih a time
a thq present, requires an iiiiioiint of labor nitdof
ritraordlnary expense of which the community it
largo ' have no tonreption Thu Publisher of TIIU
I'lULADGLNIU INQUiltr.R. has spared noetriirtsor
money to make it all that it could bu maile. Ilesidca
improving and itreitgtlieiliitg tin, homo furcu during
the past year, several of Ihu beat Hepoilcrs and Letter
Wiitcrsln tho cotititrs', havo been sent, at a g.etit ex
pense, with the Army and Navy, and h.tvo frequently
given tho public the llrst and fullest account by ti It
graph and by mall, of Important events al the c-cat of
War. What the IMIWIIiniias dune, la but mi earnest
of what will be bone, in order togivo its n ailers the
curliest and best accounts of cory event of interest
connected with
THE GREAT REBELLION
nnJ attlie same time have it maintain ita reputation aa
TUB UEST.OKNEllAI. NLWSPAl'lilt IN THU t'UUN.
TltY.
The Increase in tho rirculalloti of l'lll". I N'QtJ I II Ull
ilttrlng theycar. in tlines o exiitemeut, reachea over
SEVi-HTY THOUSAND a day-testing tho capacity
of our FAST l'KSCSCS to the utmost to supply tlto ile.
mand. Uylho use of ourentlronew process ol Btviro.
typing Two cipiea nre printed at one nine nttd tho
type U used with the same e licet as If thry wcru new
every day.
PTIIB iNQUIttUU is iiiilepcndent in Politics.
Prices at which the Philadelphia IJNQUI-
t'JiER.is served by Carriers everywhere or
ml by mail twelve eats a Week, iiml
sold by all News Agi nl.i. JDA I A '
. . , , jyiPJZIlS, 8 fiO for one month,
payable in advance, SI 00
for two months.
May ie.lB6l.--lm.
F. 0. HARRISON, 31. D.
TT70ULD rcstiectAillv inform thcrltlzena oflllnonn.
VV burgiaml vicinity that ho roiitintienthij practise of
t nd solicits n share of ntlblic natronaee.
OrncE, on Main Street, first, hou.il below the Court
IIOUIU, liIUUIIlMlUrg,,
February a, lcJ,s-(f
Select poctvn.
U N E .
it a, o. ANutnaiiii.
The IjIiJ. nre alncinR all aiouml.
1'roni oN-cry hill ami tree,
'Till ull thin liri flit ami unity wortil
Kci'iua full of inuloily,
Ami lii-atl" mill olcen vibrato with
Tho fUuiuicr toni'ii uf jlcc,
Tho str.-ntitlct ilancca In Ilia tun,
With rparklea on Its tlile,
Aa hrlijhl an liming from braiitya iyo
When lln-liilia iM It, ,,t,ie,
Ur ilt!iv.ilroia pll,tcnlii In tho gram.
The fori'ft lako bcflilc,
Tho lllmv itli Ita itrnoplnit form
la Initislin; oVr tho alri am ;
I.ncli h11- hoiigh upon tho wavo
la (.eon w ith Im.ijeil beam,
A tnory palnta each Joy ami grief
t'ponlhu sltcper'a ilream.
Th rhllilroiion iho aprlnginn turf
Are fpoflliii! 'mill tin.' ftoworn,
With ponva tuntfall iipnulho heart
I.Ike aprlMn llino'B early ahowora,
Or niiiylc heanl far o'er tho aea
On evi'iilug'a iiiooiilil lionra.
Tin night, so full of poetry.
Are iolt anil ilre.'iiuy now,
Ami ilmiu inil bright nu4 cum like stara
I'all on the watiher'n hroiv.
Or light the Iomih a they breatho
'I lie oft repuati'il vow.
Tin' mountain top is illmly aoen
In uioiiiiiig'n piitplc light
As on by one tho shailowa flit
Like apeflrea of the niht,
AtiJ ilay, uiiIimiiiiiI by nti.ty rubes.
In bi'.uiiil'iil ami bright,
'J he valleya with their roltngo homcn
Meep like u dream of love.
Ami many a happy heart in there,
t I'oro u. lite triiiting iluve ;
For woiiian'i! ainllo islinlin all.
Like ritiilight lrom nlmve.
The wllil. vine cllngn arntiml the oak
With many a graceful r.ilil.
And II 'i cy Moroni, kcent tin: air
With vw tilth of HWectn uiuolit.
Wliilejoiiilieamn lltcker ihrntigh the Icarra
Like llaKi'B of fallling gold.
'Tia June ; and every heart
lietita u iih a wilder tlnill,
Aafrom each acem; of loveliness
llur apiritn drink their till,
And days and hour, go singing on
Like to a summer rill.
RECONSTRUCTION.
PSCH
OF
HON CHARLES DENISON,
01' PKNNaYI.VAKIA,
DKLIVEKKD IN THE HOUSE OF
UKPKESKNTATIVEd,
MAY 2. 1801.
VI'O.V TIIU IIKCON'STUUUTIO.V Ol't STATES,
VVlKlHi: AUI'IIOKITV ll d lll'.CM UHUlll'KU UK
OVKItTllltOWN.
Mr. DENISON said :
Mr. Si'KAKEtt, I am opposed to tho bill
under ili.i'UbKiou, :md I am gratified with
thi oppnrtanity to explain my views upon
tuc iMiiijuct. itio name ot tlie bill is "A
o-11 to iuaraiity to ccrtaiu Sttitos, wlioso
government', have been usurped or over
tlirown, a rcptiblican form ofgovernment.'
Tim objoei of the bill i to change the
relations between certain States and thu
General Guveruiucut, and to make it im
ii . .i li . . - . e i . i
po.snijio ior mo oiaics rcierreu to, uiuier
any circumstances, to hold slaves or to be
organized iiiulor any constitution which
permits slavery. I do not think that any
political tiarty, or any great number of
men, excepting the abolitionists in tho
uoithcii'. States, ever eared anvthint!
about the cxten-ion
porputaity, or dc-
struoiion of slavery. 'I bey havo uotbci'ii
interested in the subject further than they
were betichttcd by tho cheap system of la
bor iu the Soulh, and tho market which
their nianulacturcs found in that portion of
our country. 15ut that the General Gov -
L-rnmcnt ehould assume the richt lo con -
irol, by act of Congress, tho domestic in -
stittitioiis of aoviueigu States, ia a differ-
cut question.
'I lie State ol Pennsylvania a few years
back iu her history determined to abolish
slavery. What would havo been the con
dition of tho queatiou if the General Gov
ernment had denied tho power of that
Statu to dispose of a mcro question of
property in auy manner which tho peoplo
ot mat oiato nilgai ouooso ; such as
sumption of power would havo been resis
ted by all the peoplo ot every otato in tho
Union as an encroachment upou tho ro-
served right of tho States. And such
wou-u uu tuo case u me pcopio ot that
State should see fit to adopt slavery at this
time. Thero is, not, under tho theory of
our Government, any power delegated to
the Gei'cral Government to prevent that
condition of things, or yo have all great
ly misunderstood our own Lrovcrnnient
and iho relation wh eh each of tho State
has held to the national Government. Tho
proposed law will change that relation, not'
over new States asking admission iulo tho
Union, but over btates heretofore existing
as a part of the national Government, and
which still exist ns States as fully as over
they did, even if tho languago of tho bill
he truo that tho Statu authority has been
usurped or overthrown. If Iho people of
tho State havo committed treasoutho mun
icipal corporation oannot be guilty of trea
son, nor torteit any ol its rights ns a blato
any moro thun a township could coaso to
bo a part of a couuty beonuso all tho able-
bodied men should move out of it, or bo
convicted of larceny. Whon other mon
should como or children grow to ho men to
nil tho chiefs necessary iu a munioipal cor
poration it would still bo a township and a
part of tlta oounty as muoh as if tho mu
nicipal othces had never boen vacant'
Ami such will bo tho condition of thu
Status roferrcd lo, unless by this law or the
amendment of the Constitution now pend
ing wo change that stato of things.
Tho law proposed in especially intended
to govern men who aro not roproseutcd in
tho passage of tho bill, und at a timo when
wo have not the power to reconstruct a
siDgio Dtato, anu it sucn ww cutuu cvorj
i I - ii
BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA
become proper, that timo has not arrivod. th Army as Commandor-ln-Ohiclf. IIo
This is only ouostop further toward central, wont as as President in his civil capacity,
izing all power in tho General Govcrnmont, Tho roason given for this military usurpa
whioh has been pursued by Oongross in tion is the cxamploof General Jackson at
tho pasiago of law, and by the Prcsidont .New Orleans ; but ho was not then Prosi
in his proclamations. Each of those do I dont, but a purely military officer, and ho
partmcuts of Govcrnmont has treated tho
aiaics as u tuoy uau no resorvcu riguts.
State lines havo been disregarded, and all ,
State constitutions havo been trampled
upou, and tuo riglits of the citizen ovcry
whero havs been placed at tho mercy ol
tho military power, and a solemn act of
Congress has been passod to indemnify and I
protect tho agents of this military power
in the perpetration of any eritno whioh
they may sec fit to inflict. Tho nassaco
ol this law will bo the final gathering up of
the resorved riglits of States, aud tho last
vestigo of protection of tho oitizou under
State oonstitu'.ioni will bo taken away, and
all power centralized in the Goneral Gov
ernment. This 6tito of things I am not
prepared to sanction by my vote.
liut I havo another reason for my oppo
sition to the bill, aud it u tho fact that it is
lounded upon aud intonded to legalize and
pcrpeluato tho unconstitutional acts and
proclamations of tho President. 1 say
unconslitutlonal nets of tho President, anij
if my position bo correct then any lawi
founded upon thoso proclamations will ho
looked upon and actually bo the extreme
of folly. .
Iho acts and proclamations of which I
complain and to which I allutlo -ire thoso
which the President has dono and pro
claimed in pursuance of his war power and
as Commander-in-Chief of tho Army. Tho
Constitution makes "the Prcsidont the
Commander-in-Chiaf of tho Army and Na
vy and of tho militia of tho several States
when called into actual service of the Uni
ted States." Rut before entering upon the
duties of his office ho is required to take
his oath that ho will faithfully execute the
oflics of President ol tho United Statjs,
and to tho best of his ability preserve, pro
tact, aud dafend tho Constitution of the
United States. It is by virtue of these
provisions of iho Constitution that a Pres
ident cloct enters upon his duties and gets
control of bis powers. It will be ob..crved
that tho only thing which tho President i
required t take an oath to do is to "pro
serve, protect, and defend the Constitution
of tho United States." In all other of his
official nets nothing is required of him but
to act f&iliilully ; but in the defenso and
protection of the Constitution thoro mast
bo no quo; tion, and that is tho only out-
thing especially mentioned in his official
oatli. As it too Trainers of tho (nntitu
tion regarded tho protection and defence
of that instrument as tho paramount aLd
principal business of tho Frcsidcnt, and in
ordor that no might havo the necessary
power to perform that duty, ho was mado
Commander-in-Chief of tho Army and
Navy, aud of the militia of tho States
when in the actunl serjyoof the United
State?.
Rut ho must, from the naturo of the case,
be t'ommatider-in-l luef of tho Arrnv
and Navy in a qualified .-icnso of the word.
It is not prcsumod that a mere civilian
bliould have the qualifications of it general
in tho field, nud if he were qualified ho
could nut attend to the duties of a milita
ry commander aud all the various duties
of his office as President at thd same timo
Tho Constitution presumes that the Prcsl
dent is a ttatesman. It is not tho presutnp
t.onof that instrument that he is cither c
' military or naval officer.
Anil with very
' few exceptions tho Presidents of the United
; States have not possessed any knowledge
of titlier military or naval affairs. By
1 virtue of his office ho can remove and fill
iho places of all iho civil officers of the
Government, and bv virtuo of his office as
Commander in-Cnief he can appoint and
lemovo tho officers of thu Army, and in
that way control the Army as lie does
coutrol the Treasury Department ond Post
office Department, and in tact all ot the
Departments of Uovcinmont. nor was it
intended by the framcrs of tho Constitu
tion that ho t hould boOoimnaudor-in-Chief
of tho Army iu auy other sense than ho
is controller of tho PostOffiuc, thoTroas
ury Department, tho Mint, &c. IIo had
token an oath to "preserve protect, and
defend tho Constitution," The Constitu
lion was tho dearest thiug iu tho minds of
tho American peoplo. That Constitution
had mado their Union of States, it con
tained the civil nod religious liberties of
their children, aud was their Government
' tho lifo of tho nation, and without this
great covenant between tho rulers and tho
people thero was no Government and no
nation ; and to "preserve, protect, and de
fend" that evidence of tho sovereicn will
of the pcopio, it was necessary to lndgo
power somowhero, and the tho Constitu
tion placed it in tho l'rcsidcut, 1 hey
could look baok over tho history of tho
past and seo the whole ocean of timo filled
with fragments of republics which had fal
Ion sacrifices to the usurpations aud cu
croaohtnents of military ambition and mili
tary pawer, aud therclore tho Constitution
which he has sworn to "preserve, proteot,
nnd dofend," govo him power to rcmovo
any military ohicf who should encroooh
upou tho Constitution. IIo had power to
surrouud the civil offioo of President with
a wall strongor than adamant, nud that
power ho had taken his outh to exort iu
tho protootian of tho Constitution, That
suoh is the war power of tho Prcsidont is
shown in tho history of tho country. No
former President over attemptod to act as
Comwandi'r.iu-Qliiof of tha Army, excopi
lu this qualified same.
At tho timo of tho whiskey rebellion in
Pennsylvania, tho Prcsidont,. General
Washington, rclusuu to Uku command of
COUNTY, PENN'A,,
suspended tho writ of heubcus corpus only.
in tUo city ot Now Orloans and in tho tin-
mediate vicinity of tho operations of the
array and only for tho timo necessary to
prepare for and fight tho battle, and then
it wai restored, and ho sudmittcd to and
paid tho fine imposed hy fho court, and
thus acknowledged tho supremacy of tho
civil over tho military authority under tho
Constitution. And tho American Congress
after a period of mauy yours, approved of
ms uso otthis war power, and confirmed
tho interpretation which 1 claim for the
Constitutiou by refunding to hipi the fine
and its interest. "
The Constitution provides "that tho
privilege of tho writ of habeas cot nits" shall
not be suspended, "unless when iu cases of
rebellion or invasiou tho public satotymay
rcquiro it." This power is not among
thoso enumerated in tho Constitution as be
longing to tho Prcsidont, nor amonc those
granted by thatiusirumeut to Congress.
it this power belongs to tho President as a
part of his war power, thou tho Govern
mcnt and tho people and all their rights
arc at his mercy and liable to share tho
lato of nil former republics. But if thoao
tual commander of tho nrmv in tho filed is
tho person intended for the cxerciso of this
power, ho would have tho opportunity of
knowing when the oporatious of tho army
wcro hkcly to po interrupted by tbo civil
authority, and ho could suspend the writ
without dangor to tho liborties of the poo-
pie ; and it bo shoutd mnko an improper
uso of tho power aud encroach upon tho
liberties of tho peoplo without this neces
sity, thero would stand tho Presidunt
armed with his war power aud bound by
his oathlo remove such officer and place
i- . . . . . .
snier and better man in ns n acc. And
that, iu my view, is tho limit of his legiti-
inato war power.
" Nor have any of the Presidents of tho
Uuited States, from the foundation of tho
Govcrnrnont, taken upon themselves auy ,
ot tho responsibilities ol duties of a com
mandor-in-chicf of tho army in the field
until sinco tho 4th day of March, A. D.
1801. Sinco that timo a new interpreta
tion has been given to tho President's war
pqwer.
This powor was given to tho President
that ho might defend himself nnd the dig.
nityof his office, nnd that ho might have
powor to maintain tho supremacy of the
civil over the military powor of tho ooun
try, that ho might ''preserve, protect, aud
defend iho Constitution," that ho might se
cure to the pcopio tho elective franchise ,
froo from military intcrferenco, aud to i
every citizen of this broad land tho light!
of trial by a jury of his equals, and, '
above all other rights, to protect the peo
ple from tho susponsiou of tho writ of Aa
(teas co'pus hy hi militaiy commanders,
excepting in cases "when the publio safe
ty" might require tho suspension. This !
new luterptetation makes the war power ot j
the President a weapon for tho ovei throw
, i...
and destruction of iho very powor rinhts
which it was placed in his hands to pro
tect and defend from the aseauiU and usur
pations of tho military power. The liber -
ties of tho people aud tho perpetuity of
our form of Government cannot be pre
served under auy such interpretation of
this war power of tho President, and the
proof of this position is written in the his
tory of this country during tho past three
years.
Look a moment nt this history, marked
and bloody with the record ot blun-j
ders occasioned by this new interpreta-
tion of tho President's war power. j
It was from this city and from this now-1
or emanated tho cry of "On to
Richmond!" that ended in tho disgraco
ful defeat at Bull Run, and sent our army
back to this city n disorganized and a
dangorous mob. It was tho controlling
influence of this power in tho hands of tho
President that desposed of our forces nnd
led to our defeat at tho battloof Fair Oaks
and the seven days' fighting in front of
Richmond. And when Burnsido asked
that ho might not fight the battlo of Fred
oricksburg, his orders from our Common-der-in-Clncf
wcro to fight tho battle, aud
thousands of our best and bravost meu
were left hooped up dead upon that un
fortunate field, sacrificed to tho military
ambition of a niero civilian, in his attdmpt
to bo tho Commander in-Chief of tho Ar
my, and one huudred thousand widows
and orphans aro to-day heaping curses up
on his head for tbtu attempting to use a
power that was placed in his hands for a
different purpose, hon wo look through
this history wo cannot fail to sec enough
to mnko us doubt thu interpretation that
places this war power in the President to
control our 'generals in tho field, onibarrass
our armies, and sacrifice our soldiers. It
must havo been placed there for a differ
ent purpose. ThQ,,assuinptton of this war
power has inado tlio Army of the Potomac
almost worthless in this war ; and it now
remains to be scon whether General Grant
will ho permitted to command that army
or whether the disappointments and dis
grace of his predoessors await him. This
power proved tho disgrnco of Popo and
Burnsido, and the sacrifice and removal of
Mci'lellau, II tho President behoved
MoOlellan incompetent for hid position, or
dangorous to tuo uuuruos oi mo peopiu,
or liable to onoroach upuu the Constitu
tion, then it was his duty to removo. him
nud appoint his .ucoestor, und that Was
tho limit of his war powor under tho Con
stiiution. .i it.. . t i
SATURDAY, JUNE
Rut when wo turn from tho conscnuou-
ces of this now interpretation of tho war
powor upou the Army to its effects upon
the Govornincnt, the Constitution, and tho
civil institutions of tho country, wc seo
tho danger of this interpretation. It was
to proteot this Government, the Constitu
tion, and these civil institutions, that ho.
as the servant of tha pcopio, was invested
with this power, and it was for this pur-
poso ulono that Ins olhcial oath was re
quired of him. Our fathers left us, roar
ed and finished, tho temple of liberty, so
high that the oppressed ot all lauds could
aco it, and its shadow fell upon and pro
tected tho riglits of ovcry human being iu
this great laud, and so simplo nnd so beau
tiful that a child could comprehend and
admire it. This bright tcmplo has been
torn down, aud a most cruel, wicked, aud
monstrous military despotism has been
rcarod upon its ruins. Tho rights of citi
zens aro not respected under tho laws ol
States or tho Constitutiou and laws ol the
United States, and all the protection af
forded by the Stale courts aud State laws
and constitutions to tho citizeu is set aside
and disregarded.
Tho Constitution declares that "the
privilcgo of thu writ of habeas corpus shall
not bo suspended, unless when, in case of
rebellion or invasion, tho public saiety
may tequiro it." What rebellion has
thoro been, or is thero now, in tho State
of New Hampshire 7 In what respect did
the publio saiety rcquiro its suspension
in tho State of Pennsylvania I And yet
thero is not legal power enough in thot
Stato to take a man, unjustly mtrniuel of
his liberty, from this military power, aud
scenro him a trial Mcu aro arrested
without warrant, condemned without trial,
nud puninhed without conviction.
It is said in the dUcussiou upon this
subject that slavery must ho abolished to
produce samencbS in our institutions, our
a ' jntoresU, and our opinious ; and it is called ;
,i,i -iii. . . i ?. . i I
"iioniouonoiiy, ami is statou iu unotner
way by the words "irrcpre.ssiblo conflict."
Tho man who first made use of tho term
''irrepressible coniliot," did not say ti now
thiug, but a very wicked one. Philip H.of
Spain, was accomplishing tbo same thing
when ho attempted to make all of his sub
jeets to think and believe as he did, and
nr. a nrrhnl wlinn Snnln wn. thri innsc natr.
nrfl nstinn nn ntirth. with n nni:tinitnl
stream of gold runuinginto his treasury, ho
I carried on a most cruel and destructive
1 war for thirty years, with all the powor of
bis grcbt empire, against a few Dutchman
1 in tho Netherlands, and was beaten and
defeated iu tho contest. He fuilcd to
either ''conquer or exterminate" them.
The Puritans of New England were at
tempting the same thing when they burned
tho Quakers and drova clergymen from
their colonics. And if it were not the ne
gro and tho South toward which this fa
naticism is directing its energy, its zeal,and
its vengeance, it would bo tho Quaker,
the Catholic religion, or some temporanco
question.
The trouble is not that slavery existed,
but that a wild, unrelenting, vindictive,
wicked, and cruel fanaticism existed, aud
' happened to fasten its deadly fangs upon
an.:. f ni.ni:t.;n
slavery. This necessity for abolishing
slavery is nn effort upou tho part of the
strong to justify its crimes against the weak-
' This sameness of institutions, interests, nnd
opinions cannot bo accomplished, ami it
would bo wrong to do so if it could. As
well might wo attempt to level the niouu
tains and Oil up tho valleys and the rivers
and lakes and oceans, and make the whole
otirll. nno rlnnil lovul. nln-n nnd wnrtlilnsn.
rinri in-nin fi,o ,nnitnt-,in n.l iho vnllnvn
I and tha rivers and occcans
d occcans for our good,
n.wl t. ,,,. ,,,nn A ifTomn t n,t nrU . i n torr.tB .
institutions, nnd opinions lor our good,
aud tho remedy for thoso who differ with
others in institutions and opinions is for
ovsry man, and tho pooplo of every Stato
and of every Government, to mind their
own affairs, aud respect the opinions and
the interests and institutions of others, and
not arrogate to thomselvcs tho right to
uianago tho affairs of others. Our system
of govorumcnt is fonuded upon thi3 idea,
and it had bettor be respected.
The bill speaks uf States whoso author
ity has beeu usurped or overthrown. That
happens to be the condition of all tho States
north orsoath, and we miht turn our at
tention to tho rcconstraetion of our own
States : or it might bo .interesting to in
quiro whether some gonolenieu in tho
southern congress, (rebel, if you please,)
liko tho nsiho: of this bill, anxious for no
toriety and perhaps a position at the head
of a bureau, might uot be osganizing a
system for reconstructing tho northern
States, with constitutions rcquirinu a re
publican form of government, with slavery.
Neither party has power to onforco such
law if passed.
Thii word reconstruction appears to
charm the advocates of tho bill. Tho on
ly rccfoustr notion that evor can bo ia to
spread tho broad powers and tho kindly
influence of iho Constitution and laws over
all thu land, when tho usurpation of this
military war powor shall bo removed ;
and tbia applies as woll to tho North as to
the South.- 1 do' not justify tho secession
of tho southern States. It was brought
abont hy wicked and foolish mon, who
desorvea punishment Aviokct, for they
preferred their ambitious project to the
good of their country j foolish, because
thoy should, havo fought their battles with
in the Union nnd under tbo Coustitu-
tion nnd the laws, and uot uuon their luin,
But I havo believed, and still do, that
thero aiogood mcu, patriots cnout'h.Norlh
rnd South, to eontrol and disposo of the
abolitiouista and secessionists and onou
uiotc restore our gloriou3 old Union
25, 1SG4.
Tho Constitution was tho only bond of
union that bound tho States together, and
that instrument has been equally suspen
ded and destroyed North nnd South, and
thorc is no Union ; all laws and ull con
stitutions havo been swallowed up by tho
new irrt'erpretation given to this war pow
er. There is no Uuiou to day among tho
States not robcllion ; thoy aro kept togeth
er by this war power, tho force of habit,
and tho iniluunco ol tnonuy ami plunder,
and tho necessity of meeting a common
foo. We aro now floating at tho murcy of
cliuueo nnd tho waves upon a mere frag
ment of our broken Union, und our pilot
is bewildered by tho contradictory "pros
suro" of his advisers. And tho New ling
laud wreckers aro not burning blue-lights
to render Aid und comfort to thu oncmy,
but thoy aro holding up falsi) lights that
will complete tho wreck.
One set of men tell him 'that universal
emancipation and reconstruction without
slavery, as proposed in this bill, will save
his craft. 1 tell him it will extinguish
Stato rights and make our form of gov
ernment different from that left ns iu tho
Constitution, Another set of men toll him
toeouliseato tho lauds of tho Sonth iu feo
nnd in violation of thu plum provision of
tho Constitution will restore tho Uuiou.
I tell him that it will destroy Ihu last hope
of reconstruction, aud bring us to tho
painful alternative of rccogniziug or an
nihilating tho South ; and to neither of
these conditions am I prepared to give my
consent. You Bpeak of brineiu" tho South
back. I ask, back to what? back lo
what? 1 cannot bo hack to tho Constitu
tion, for the Constitution has been destroy
ed, nud all civil riglits havo been destroy
cd with it. Ami should they como back,
to the crude) and chaotic proclamations of
tho President's military war power, that
has mado a catup of the entire land ?
Thoy have enough of war power at homo j
rtnd with this war power and its procla
in flit im 4 . n nil m,i mm hunnlwiii nnla nnil rv
matious, and our coulisontion acts and re
construction bureaus, thero is no motive
for tho -Smith to como back. Thoy aan
but furw worse than to fight, and fight thoy
do.
Ouo hundred and forty thousand of tho
Amorican pcnplo iu my distriot have sent
their sons to the army to fight for and
mainUin their Government us Inid down
U" tho Constitution. Thoy have sent me
i crc RS lll01r representative to maintain
, tl,c samo tlllnB aml in 'heir name I ask
, what you have douo with their Govern-
me,lt 1 On the -1th day of March, 1801,
t the3 placed their Government iu y6ur
iiauds. And in that Government was sc
oured to the peoplo free speech, n free
press, security of person and propcrty,and
tho oloetive franchise undisturbed by mil
itary power, and to thoso saspeoted of
crime a fair and speedy' trial, and to nil
tho benefit of tho great writ of habeas
corpus. What have you dono with this
Government? Tho one which you havo
furnished secures none of these righta.
Shall I tell them you aro not bound b'y
your oath in timo of war : that whon you
mado your oath to "pfescrvo, protect, and
defend tho Constitution" il was upou con
dition that wo had no war I When do
you propose to restore lo the people their
Government ?
t Tho interpretation which I claim for th'o
President's war power is the ouly one
which will perpetuate our republican form
of Government. Tho history of ovcry
. day which passes over our heads is full of
meaning and confirms this position. I'hcro
doe 3 not exist on earth a moro duppotio
UOVCrtimCIlt that! tha. Ot
Government than tha. of Abraham Liu-
coin. Ho is a despot in fact, if not in
m. na consiuuuouai ngut oi .uu
' citizen to near arms uas been uenicu, anu
houses scorched rind arms takon from the
I citizen. '1 ho right ot trial denied, and
' citizens have boen banished tho country
, w'ttl(,lt lal or Conviction ; and I only
mention sonic of tho outrages perpetrated
by this war power to say that if our Gov
ernment has bean fairly administered un
der this new interpretation of tho war
powor for tho last three yoars it does not
matter how soon it is destroyed. It is not
worth to the people a dollar or a battlo or
a man. And it docs not matter to tho pco
p'o whether tlioir libcrtior have been "aken
away by Abraham Lincoln as Prciident
or as Commander in-Chief of tho Army :
he is no less a despot and they no less
laves.
It is moro than eighteen hundred years
emeu a itomau emperor tirst ompioyeu
spioi und informors to which tho citizen,
overheard his private conversation iu
hours of social intercourse, for informa
tion to convict tho best and wealthiest cit
izen of disloyalty, nnd their property was
then coufiscatcd and divided between tho
Government und tho informer. This was
less than1 sevonty years before tho Roman
empire was put up at auction by the im
perial cohorts and city guards to the high
est bidder. And thu right to govern that
vast etnpiro was pui'ch'asod by a jcwclor,
who had heaped up great wealth by sell
ing jewelry to tho army contractors, tho
men who Had mado haste to get noli out
of the corruptions of tho times j but tho
eity of Rome had then been founded more
than eight hundred years before nn em
peror oould bo found wioked enough nnd a
pooplo corrupt enough to inaugurate this
stato ol things, ro nave uot existed as a
nation n century, and ye,t wo hoar of spies
and detectives, and aro pained to know
that American citizens can bo found de
based enough to net iu that oapacity ; aud
this is ono of the results of thooxcrciso of
this war power.
Tho Prcsidont, by virtuo of this nowlu
tcrprctation of bis war power, makes laws
hj proclamation, and does really dispona
' VOLUME 28.
with the action of Congress, IIo usurps iu
himself ull tho pow.ru of Govcrnmont
Judicial, Icgisltuivo, and oxecutivo and
bclioving, as I do, thai his proclamation
of frcodom to tho slated is not only u vio
lation of tho Constitution but of his official
oath, I shall not vote to sanction any eueh
interpretation of the Constitution, nor for
auy law Intended td pcrpetuato that proc
lamation. Aud tho hour is just before thu
American people when they muat cbooso
between tho Administration, with it pe
culiar viowa of its war powor, nnd their
Ibcrtics. If thu pcopio pormit this power,
as assumed hy their agents, (n bo contin
ued another toml of fo'iir j'edrs,. whothot
by votes or military dictation, I for on.
Bhall rogard our old form of government
aud tho liborties ot tho pcopio us at an cud,
gathered up by this stupendous war pow
er. And it is for the pcopio, whoso liber
ties havo been trifled with, and whoso
business it is to make their decision, to
settU this great problem (or themselves.
I have thus warned them, nnd I have
cleared my skirts of tho responsibility.
Careful of tlto, Negro.
Iu tho groat "Battles ol tho Wildornoss'
on Friday, tho Oth iust., tho New York
Tribune's account sayd :
'(Tho negro troops) of General Burnside,
commanded by Gen. b'crrero, had been
placed at tho disposal of Gen. Sodgwiok,
with tho request that, unless absolutely
necessary, they should not bo pat into
tho Cght.
The negroes remained within a mile
and n half of the front during the entire day
until dark aud were not brought into ac
tion'." This was the most liereo aud desperate
of tho conflicts of tho campaign nud wai
in fact u drawn battle. If wo had a num
ber of reliable trbcfji3 equal to tho number
of negroes thus kept hllo, it might have
been a decisivo victory.
Also in ''Carlton's" account of the bat
tle of tho 10th, near Spottsylvania, de
scribing Burusido's operations at an im
portant crisis of tho fight, ho says ' the
colord tioops wcro not iu tho charge.'
So in Banks' disastrous battle on Red
River wo ro told that tho n'egrob troops
wcr not used. Why was this! Aro these
blocks roliablo I And if to, why wero
thoy not made to do their part in tho
bloody work ? Thoso facts are significant T
They show oithor that tho officora in com
mand havo no confidence in tho negro
troop's, or that thoy arc very careful of not
placing them iu a positiou to bo "hurt."
DyiNti Dying. Senator Doolittlo
aid iu Congress recently, " Shivery, Mr
President, ia dying, dying."
The slaves aud thcir,familio3 arc also dy
ing, dying, many of them from starvation,
On the border womon and children iu
groat number.;, whoso proporly has boen
destroyed, nro starving and dying, dying.
Uabcas Caqnts and trial by jury nro ul"
so dying, dying, or rather in many oases
dead, dead'
The ConEtituliou ia dying, dying oii'd
tho Baltimoro convention has been digging
its grave
Civil liberty is dying'.
Tho Monroe doctrine is dying, dying.
Otir ourroncy is dying, dying.
Free discussion, State's rights, honesty
and economy, our tons and fathers aro dy
irig, dying;
Robbery, dcspostisni, fanaticism, con
scription, immcuso taxation, and enrnago
aro living uud growing, growing. Tho
remedy of this death of right, and growth
of wrong iBto vote, voto.
Good. Prentice, of tho Louisville
Journal has tho following i Gen. Butler
mado war on vromeii at New Orleans and
sucoecded. He mado war on dors at Nor
folk and gained a oompleto victory. IIo
made war on men near Petersburg and
was ingloriously vrhiped. lie will oonfino
himself honacforth to the womon and tho
dogs if ho knows what'B good for him.
5Sy The King of Dahoraoy is on tho
war path, and with his Amazons rcoontly
tried to conquer his neighbors tho Egbas,
The lattci1 wero too strong, however, and
killed the Amazons, who fought desperate
ly, oapturcd Dahomey's cannon and sont
tho King Bkulking homo to his own do
minions. Tho Amazons nro thoso pretty
virtuous creatures who cut off ono broast
and fight with a ferocity whioh few men
can equal.
Thk Now York Evening Post bosooch
cs his party to lay asido the namo of Re
publican and adopt that of Domoorat,
j It will uot do, Mr. Poit, Satan would bo
t Satan still, even if ho put on the wings of
nu angel.
S3f Solomon
enumerated four things
in his duy,
which said uot, it is euough.
If ho Wcro ulivo uow, he uTight add a fifth
- , ,,, u.,,. T.,,w...in, fiimi.. .i.?ah
; '. b, n,,w Mi