DEMOCRAT,
COLD
AND BLOOMSBURG GENERAL ADVERTISER.
LEYI L. TATE, Editor.
$2 00 PER ANNUM
"TO HOLD AND TRIM THE TORCH OF TRUTH AND WAVE IT O'ER THE DARKENED EARTH."
VOL. 15.--NO. 9.
BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA-, SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1861.
VOLUME 25.
MBIA
COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT.
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY
LEVI L. TATE.
IN DLOOMSBUnC, COLUMBIA COUNTY, FA.
o fYTc E
f tftl new Drtck Building-, oppositt the Vithangt, I if tide
tfthe Court Ifoase. "Democratic Head (Quarter!. "
terms op sunsciurTioN.
l 00 In advance, for one copy, fur tlx month t.
I -75 In advnnre. for one copy, ozie year,
' 8 Oil If not paid within tho lint three months,
U S3 If nm p;ii,t within the tint tlx months.
3 50 If not paid wit lii ii tho year,
tt7"Xo aubucrlption tiikcn for less thnn tlx months,
And no paper discontinued until all arrearages shall havo
been paid.
fly OnlinirvADVPirnsKMKfTs InsfUcd, and Job Work
Executed, at the establishcdr-rices.
FRESH
ARRIVAL
OF-
Tltlj undersigned, grateful for pan patronaee, respect
fully informs hiscustumcrs and tlis pubticficncrally,
that he lias just received from the Easturuu cities, the
UrsChtund moot select stutk of
SPRING AND SUMMER
Tnat lias yi ucen opencu in .iiooinMiurir, to wnicn ne
invite tho attention of hi friend, n ml assures tlmm
that they art) ntfrrcd for sate at great bargains. Hid
tilucl- comprises a large apartment of
ui:ntiu.mi:ns wkauinu AiTAitr.L,
ConMetintjt of rAsntiitAnt k Dnrnt Co its, of every ties
cription; Faiit, VtH, Hhlrt, Cravat Stocks, Cotton
Handkerchiefs, (Iloves, Bunpenders, &c.
GOLD WATCHES
JEWELRY,
Of every description, fine nnd cheap.
N. H. lli'inemlier " Loire iibrr Ctirap Emporium.1
call and toe, Nu charge for cxmuinir fiimd. (
Bloomsburs, March 2, IFGI,
(Jue lfOii.)
I take pleasure ill Informine, you Hint I linvo removed
ftriii.Vn.H4 North Second Wrsct, 10 thai large, and
iparjnita itru
JS'o. lUO North Second Streit, aUve Arch
Oppoaiti- Hie Mount Vernon Unti l, u hen- I Mill curry ml
Ilia Imjiurtatluii and Jobbing ln"i ii" a of
70YS. SASKETS,
Of ll kind. 1'ipea, Sfiinr Tnl.e, Toh.ic.cn & SiiiiIT Hoi.
el, Canes, l.'heaaiiion. Uoinnmca, Ihickiiimiinuii lluardii,
andranry fiooda in all varictiea, on ularirer .rah- ilrili
heretofore. Alao tin-iu.inulat.lurc of I'LAUrS and Tic
lure Alphabet It'ocka.
Aa reir.irila prire and quality of Uoona I am pure tn
give i-ntirt! aatl.faition lu ull Mho may favor luu with
their order.
JOHN 1101.1.,
No. l'O North rJeunid silrcit.
March 2, lt?01-:im.
s7moka.v "uitows's
wiioi.r.s.M.i: anu m;taii.
BEDDING AND FEATHER WAKE
HOUSE, No. S3 North Second .'true t, Oppo.itc Chriit Church,
1'IIJLADELPIIIA.
C7" Constantly Ml hand, a larrje ajoirtmcnt of Ilcdn.
MaUn'me., l'AiN.iBea. t'usliiona. Ilalr, llu.k. (.'.HUM,
and nil artil"a In the line, nl the Liiurat I'niun.
ft, B i'artltular attention paid lit rtttoiating Jtu and
Old yrnthtr.
March'.;. lWl-Uin.
RICH AND ELEGANT
CARPETS.
R.C. I'OUI.K, No.n.lNorlh RCCON'l) Plreet, opposite
ChrUt fhurrh, inites the particular nltcniion ot flier
chants and others to hi i-ry largo and ilegdiit UBsort
meat of
cAni'KTd.oii, ci,OTiia ic,
Jusl rertived from the most nlchrnted manufactories of
Europe and America. Including nil tho newest pultcrim
eitant, which will be fold ut n ery small advance nu
cost. Call andexamiue iuahty, tt It and prices btforo
purcliafinpt Isewhfn1. Ucini'iiuVr,
No. 35 North Second Street, rhlladclphitt
March l8tl-3m.
NATIONAL HOTELt
(Lato Whlto Swan,)
RACE STREET, ABOVK THIRD
1HII.A1)KI.1'II1A.
1IESRY QUII.LMAN, ) nIonriclor
joiin Hovr.it, i "0i"tl"-
CII4P. A. STINR. Clerk.
March 4, lmil-t'Jm.
JOSEPH GREEN, SON & 00.
Wholesale and Itetail Dealers in
OIL CLOTHS, U'IMIOtV SHADES, &C.
Together with n cnmplcto variety of UAMNUT
WAlttl, at tho lovct Cuh prices,
NO. -15 NORTH SECOND STREET,
Jo?ETir oiiki:n,
KESU. GUUnN. I
B. JOVIl!) l.IOTHR S
March!, ltJlSl 3ui.
l'HU.ADF.I.l'lllA,
UNITED STATES HOTEL,
AND
GENERAL S T AGE OFFICE.
T.1MAQU.1 rEAW,
WELDY & LEVITT,
PRorRIETORf.
tCp-FasscnKPrs in the I'liiladetphia Mail Tram tjoing
Boutn.anrt til nil ra man irain eoinj norm.
DffR at the United itatei Hotel Tamaqua Pa,
March 2, 1 Wit -J Sin. (Murcli l'J.5 9)
4 r. CimfcBROUOH. JSO. ALLEN.
-A. V. GHESKBROUGH & CO.,
IP OK 3d DP a e & "2 ft
COMMISSION MEItCIMAVS tf miOLKMLE
Fish, Cheese, a net 1'rovisions
Ih North U'hanvs. above .Market St.
Tacking and Curing House, Vth and Uecil fc?tn.
l'lULAUXLlillA.
Aujuat 4, 19C0-12lil.
.GIBSONS
terns M.ffi-Mfliiesn sm.m.& so
DECOIt.VTIVi: ESTABLISHMENT,
No. 125, South Eleventh Street near Walnut,
Enameled Claia, I rceco, Oil aud j.ncau.uc l'ainting
John Ginaov. 0, II, UltaoH.
January 12. 1801 Siu..
. " (I.A1E llAGLti Hot EL.)
jfcTJIIRL) STREET ABOVE RACE,
Vf HHILADELPIIIA.
1110 ADS, & SAILOR, 1'rojn iftors.
TllolMiN V. Roadb, formerly of the National Hotel
uii.hubm.iu.k, totmcriy oi icuujimii v.u. in.
Mirth '-, IcHil llliii,
WALL- PAPER, WALL PAPER. 1
T T Jot recehed Iron. New York n largo and Hu.
jxiflrot of ibe abojo named artlilu lor tho Miriiil! UJdo
CMicruuaiacffoia a catiu per piaca to Tj cent,
' U, C,U V W.1IAKTMAS. I
Stooutibur;, Ecu. tstti;
Select lilocttii
p r e e d;o m.
When Freedom o'er this Western World
Her Heaven dyed banner first unfurled.
She thundered from her mountain height!,,
In ail the majesty of inljtht,
And loud proclaimed from zone to rone.
That Liberty u as on her throne
Fhe turned iter proud cyo on the East,
And murmured, "Now thy rclin has ceased
Then cast her bright smlleon the West,
And whispered to her children, "Rest."
Trout Maine's dark pines to Southern lands
r rom Hudson's heights to lligbrc's sands
From where the river monarehs pour
To where Atlantic laves the shore
Columbia's sons arose and came
To find their purchased home a name ;
Their sires united, fought and died,
Their children following, side by side.
And nil, in union, dealt tho blow
That laid oppression's tyrant low
United in their hpes and fears
Mingled in one their common fates
One voice proclaimed Unit-id States.
And they were blessed, for peace came down
And spread her happy influence round ;
While pure tchgion'a holy fight
Dispersed the s'ladcs of moral night ;
And pilgrims from earth's farthest strand
Cume to find rest In Freedom's Uiii.
And nourishes her soil one son
Who'd breathe tho words, "lio Freedom dona!"
i'rotcctsshu one who'd raise his hand
To disunite this glorious laud T
Then let him turn in hliame away
For hi in docs Freedom thed no ray
Hut brightly shall her beacon light
The path oft hose who bravily fight
To h.ivo this dear aud prosperous land
Firccr from oppression's hand,
AFFAIRsToP MEXICO.
Mexico, having achieved her indepen
dence from Spain, after a brief trial of an
imperial form of government, constituted
herself a Democratic Federal Republic,
and adopted the Constitution of 18f 1, by
which the country wat divided intoo is,
each with its Legislature and Governor,
...... . , ,i
elected by tho people, and the supreme
,i
executive and legislative power was placed
in the hands of a President and general I
Congress, also elected by tbo popular
voicu.
Siuee that time a strugslo has beeu go
ing on between the ariatocratical elements,
together with tho army and tho clergy, on I
tho one side, to overthrow this form of
Government, and the mass of tho people,
on the other, to uphold it. At first, the
part taken by the clergy was secret, but
its inllucnec always sufficed to turn tho
scale against the successful aud permanent
establishment of free institutions. Later,
this influence was exercised with lass re
serve aud more uuscrupulousncss, and in
the last strugglo of three years, open war I
has been proclaimed between the clergy on
the one side, and the pcoplo on the other.
From time to time siuco 1821 the Consti
tutional order has thus been overthrown,
and again for longer or shorter periods it
has been re-established.
Taking up the thread of event3 at the
beginning of tho year 1851, we find that
at the commencement of that year tho Re
public was uuder the rulo of Santa Anna,
oxercisiug irresponsible power under the
name of President, but with the title of
"Sercno Highness." Tho States were
turned into Departments, and governed by
military Commandants, named by tho
President
ninl Mir- kiinrninn loriatoti -n
e
and cxecutivo powers of tho nation wcro
exercised by the President and his Couti I
cil of seven Ministers. Santa Anna was
tho unscrupulous ally of tho Church,
which waxed fat and haughty in the exer.
cise of almost unlimited power over tho
consciences and tho purses of tho people.
Dissatisfaction at this stato of things every
where prevailed, and tho pooplo wcrp with
difficulty kept down. Rumors of imperial
aspirations ou tho part of Santa Anna be
gau to spread, and this coupled with the
growing extortions and increasing power
of the Church, gave- birth to tho revolution
of Ayutla.
Commencing on tho 1st of March, 185 1,
this revolution of tho people, by a sponta
ncous rising everywhere throughout tho
Republic, reached a successful issue by tho
flight of Santa Anna aud the establish
ment of a Provisional Government under
Gen. Alvarez, at Cuerr.avaca, on the 4th
of October, 1855. On the 17th of the
samo mouth, a proclamation was issued
calling an election for members of Con
gress, to meet "for tho purposo of recon
" stitutiug tho nation under the form of a
"popular, representative, democratic Re
" public." This Congress met ou tho 18th
of February, 1650, aud, after prolonged
and full discussions, adopted the Consti
tution now become famous for the late long
and deadly struggle of the pcoplo in its
defcuso, and which is known as the Con
utitulion of J857. Proclaimed outho 12th
of February of that year, it wont into cf
feet by its own provisions, as the supremo
law of tho laud, ou tho IGtU of Septem
ber, when a new Congress, elected under
its provisions, opened its sessions, aud a
President, chosen by tho people under the
samo authority, was installed iu office.
Thui was the Constitutional Government
of President Comonfoat established by
tho will of the pooplo under a Constitution
of their choice, and tho entire Republic
rejoicing in pcaco commenced a new life.
But tho clergy resumed their work, and
in January, 1858, a military rebellion,
instigated by them, broke out in tho City
of Mexico, and drove tho constitutional
authorities from tho capitil. Comonfort
fled from tho country. In his absence, or'
in default of President, that office devol
ved, under tho Constitution, upon tho
President of tho Supremo Court of Justice.
Tho Constitution moreover declared, Art.
128 : "This Constitution shall not lose its
" forca and vigor, even if its observance
" bo interrupted by any rebellion In
" ease that by means of Mick an event a
" Government shall havo been established
" contrary to tho principles which it sane
' tions, immediately upon tho pcnplo re
" covering their liberty itsobservauce shall
" bo re-established, and according to iU
" provisions and tho laws which have been
" framed in virtue of it, shall bo judged,
" as well those who havo figured in tho
" Government emanating from tho rebell
" ion, as those who havo co-operated with
" them."
The President of tho Supremo Court of
Justice was Don Bcni'o Juarez. Ho pro
ved to be a faithful and an able man
Proceeding to the City of Guanajuato, he
immediately re-established tho Constitu
tional Government, and, issuing a procla
mation to that effect, began to raise forces
to put down tho rebellion. This procla
mation reached the City of Mexico before
any decision had been taken by the Diplo-
' mntie Corps with regard to tho recognition
c .i. ..ti.,.i ... 1... .!.
m luu au'taiii:u :u vi iiuiii t .-v. uii uy mi
, , .J .'.',
leaders ot iho military ''prciiunciamiuiito.
J 1
.lh; cl"S-' l! "ct l AU
iu iliu x .'iii!ibvi, 'it V4auii.iv;, anu
the Minister of Guatemala, tho head ot
the Diplomatic Corps, they have able and
willing allies. With the various influcuces
these could bring to bear, and with that of
the capitalists who in Mexico have al
ways sided with the Church, and against
tho Constitutional rule tho recognition of
Zuloaga, tho President installed by tho
clerical paity, was obtained from the
wholo Diplomatic Corps, while, however.
the rebellion was sustained only by tho
single cities of Mexico aud Pucbla, and
their immediately-adjacent villages ; and
while its only title to authority was that of
more local force under a "Plan'' proclaim
ed by a regiment of soldiers.
Commencing on the lltli of January,
tho revolution gaiued possession of the
capital on the 21st of tho flight of Com
onfort on the morning of that day. Ou
the 2id, a "Junta'' of twenty-eight per
sons, named and convened by himself,
declared Zuloaga the commander of tho
garrison, ar-d the nominal leader of the
"Plan of Tacubaya'' President of the
Republic) and before the UOth his Gov
eminent was recognizid by all the repre
sentatives of the foreign powers resident j
i uupiiui, luuiuumg niu jj.11113u.-1 ui
:.. !. : .it i. in. .!.-.. .,
the United States. These representatives'
were: Don ielipe Aery del Uarno, Mm-
ister of Guatemala, Chief of the Diplo-
matio Corps; M. Uabuac, .Minister or
Franco, aud charged with the affairs of
bpainj John lorsyth, Minister of tho
United States j Don hrauci-co P. Pastor,
Minister of Ecuador; John Lettsom,
Charge do Affairs of Great Britain; and
Monsignor Clementi, Popal Nuucio.
On tho 9th of February, 1858, Juarez
issued a decrco declaring all acts of tho
so called Zuloaga Government null and of
no effoct. Tho recognition, however, by
tho diplomatio corps gavo to the Zuloaga
Government a certain character of Icgiti- porter of tho Church Government, was
macy and a moral prestige, which, with ' recalled in digracc, and, on thu eih of
tho money of the clergy, enabled it to May, 180(1, tho Legation was left in tho
make head against such forces as still re-' charge of its Secretary,
maincd faithful to the Constitutional Gov-) In thu same month Zuolaga issued a
eminent, or which, with the limited means i decree declaring hat hu resumed the
at its command, it could raiie, Thu eon- Presidency, aud onh iinj Miramon to de
sequence has been tho struggle which, with liver tho power into hu hands which had
varvinc result from time to time, has only only been intrusted to him as President
been terminated by tho late entire triunip
of the Liberal forces, and the re-establish
meut of the Constitutional Government in
the capital of the Republio. Tho strug
glo has been between the money and tho
arms of the Church, sustained by tho
oouutenanco and recognition of foreign
powers, on the one sido, and tho people,
without means and without an army, but
rising spontaneously everywhere, on tho
other.
Tbo reverses at first experienced caused
President Juarez to reir.jvo tho seat of
Government first to Gunua ajuru, and then
to Vera Cruz, whero it was established
early in May, 1858, and where it remain
ed until tho late return to the capital, In
tho Bamo month of May, after tho csUb-
lishment of the Constitutional Government
at Arcra Cruz, a new English Minister, Mr.
L. 0. Otway, passed through that place j
but, without treating in any manner with
tho.Constitutiond Government, ho proceed
ed to tho capital, whore, relieving tho
Charge, Mr. Lettsom, ho presented his
credentials and acknowledged tho Govern
meut of Zuloasa. Long a resident in
Spain, his sympathies aud family cornice
lions were all ou tho side of tho Church.
In July, lfcSH, the United States Gov
ernment issued instruction - to its Minister,
Mr. Forsyth, to terminate all relations with
tho Clergy Government, and to withdraw
tho Legation from the capital. Under
these instructions, Mr. Forsyth left Mexico
in September of that year This was tho
first act of any foreign Government dis
countenancing this clcrico-military insur
rection. Iu November, 1859, President Juarez
reissued his decree of the !Hh of February
of that year, iu which he declared null
and void all acts of the Zuloaga or Cleri
cal Government. On the UUthof January,
1859, Zuloaa was set aside by tho same
revolutionary means by which he was es
tablished, and the Presidency of the re
actionary Government was assumed by
Miiamon.
Again the action of the diplomatic corps
was invoked, and this this timo their rc
cognition was granted even more hastily
than before, being proffered on the very
day of Miramon's accession to power.
On tho 10th of April, 1850, tho Const!
tutional Government of President Juarez,
at Vera Cruz, was recognized by the
American Minister, Mr. McLaue, as the
legitimate and du facto Government of the
Republic, All this time tho entire
sea coast on both sides of the He
public, with all the ports aud the
greater part of the interior, had constantly
with one or two temporary exceptions on
tho Pacific coast remained faithful to the
Constitutional authorities. The Clerical
uovcrnment coulU at no time gain more
than thu puneipal cities of the interior,
aud these they could only hold so long as
they occupied them with a military force.
Characterized by acts which violated even
intcrnaatioual aud moral obligation, its
only Fupport was the money of tho clergy
and the recognition of the foreign Powers.
This latter support, however, was gradu
ally withdrawn. First came the retire
ment of tho American Minister, Mr. For
syth, though this was more than made up
by.tho presence and direct and open sup
port of a full Minister from England, Mr.
Otway, in place of the former Charge, K r
Lettsom. But, yielding at Inst to the uni
versal outcry of all the British residents
in Mexico, against Mr. Otway's shameful
complicity with the clergy and neglect of
tho interests of his countrymen, tha En
glish Government iu July, 1859, issued
instructions for his recall, aud ou tho 21th
of September ho was superseded in th
Legation by Mr. Matthew as Charge.
in April, lolij, a new loicigu liepre-
j sciuatit c 111 riven at era ruz, in me per
. ..... , ... ..
BOn of Baron E. do Wacuor. Minister of
Prussia, who, after a few das spent at
yt.ra Cruz, and tome informal conferences
with the eonstitutioiial authorities, proceed
cj to the City of Mexico. There the in
flucuce of the Fieuch Minister, M. Gnbii
ao, ar.U tlie clergy, proven toopoweriul tor
him to resist, aud tho moral might of Pro
testant Prussia was thrown ou the side of
tho Church. At last, however, thu term of
M. Gabriac was come, and, after outraging
every interest of his countrymen in his
nieiccnary complicity with tho Clergy par
ty, this Representative of Franco, so long
I tho unscrupulous, open and powerful sup
Substitute, mid for temporary purposes.
Miramon, however, retained force cuough
to disregard this decree, and to carry Jiu
loaga with him a captive ou a forced cam
paign to tho interior, leaving a garrison
aud his so-called Ministers iu the canital.
Tho idea of Huloaea, as acainsttho lichts
of Miramon, was admitted by the foreign
representatives through tho influence of
Mr, Matthew, the Engligh Charge, and on
the 11 th May a document was drawn up
and signed by all thu then members of tho
Diplomatic Corps except the Papal Nuucio
and tho Representative of Guatemala, de
claring that thoro was no Government ex
isting in the capital of tho Republic, On
tho return of Miramoa to tho capital
August, although defeated by tho liberal
forces, ho called a 'Junta'' of nineteen
persons, who went through tho brazen
form of declaring him Prcsidont of tho
Republic, and as such ho was recognized
on the 82d of that month by Don Joaquin
Francisco Pacheco, Embassador Plenipo
tentiary aud Envoy Extraordinary of the
Government of Spain accredited to Mexico.
In tho mouth of September of the pro
vioiuyear (1859), Spain had negotiated a
treaty, known as tho "Mon-Almonte Trea
ty," with tho Miramon Government, thro'
its agent resident at Paris, Mr. Almonte.
This treaty gave Spain great aud peculiar
advantages, and allowed claims, beforo
that time rejected by all the different Gov
ernments of Mexico, to a very largo
amount; and to quote tho language of the
protest of the Constitutional Government
against it, was "a treaty unjust in its cs
" senco, foreign to tho usage of nations in
" the principles it established, illegal from
" the manner in which it was negotiated,
" and contrary to tho rights of our coun
" try." The maintenance of this treaty
explains tho cause of tho recognition of
Miramon by Pacheco, after a majority of
tho foreign representatives resident at the
capital had united in a declaration that
ihere was no Government cxi'ting there,
and iu which position they still remain,
and althou-'h tho fortuuej of Miramon
cmed at their lowest ebb. The protest
of Iho Constitutional Government, declar
ing lh'n treaty unlawful, illegitimate, and
null and void, was signed by Prcsidont
Juarez and alibis ministers, and issued on
the 30th of January, 1801. Tho Spanish
Government, however, declares that Spain
will insist upon considering Mexico as
bound by this act of Miramon,
Tho recognition of Miramon at that
critical moment by Mr. Pacheco, and his
active, open, and efficient support gave the
Government of tilt Priests fresh courago,
and a new lease of power. On tho 21st of
October, 1800, Mr. Matthew, the English
Charge, having received instructions to
that effect from his Government, retired
with tho Legation from tho capital to Ja-
lapa, and thus withdraw tho support of
his official presence, as ho had in May his
rccoauition, from the Miramon Govern
ment Soon after tho Prussian Minister
also withdrew from tho capital, and took
up a position of neutrality at Jalapa. At
the end of November a now French Min
ister, M. Saligny, arrived at Vera Cruz.
But in no way disposed to look with favor
upon the cause of constitutional order,
without treating in any manner with the
Constitutional authorities, ho proceeded
direct to Jalapa, where, finding tho causo
of tho Church was on tho wane, he en
deavored to procure a combination of the
foreign representatives to bring about a
compromise between the Liberals and tbo
Church, but failing in this, continued on
to the capital, whero he arrived on tho
12th of December, and, as was currently
reported, fully disposed to recogniza Mir
amon. Hut it was now too late. Since
the mouth of May the Government in tho
capital hud not been officially recognized
by any of the representatives of the for
eign Powers except tho P.ipal Nuncio and
the Minister of Guatemala, until tho re
cognition by Mr. Pacheco in August, aud
the stimulus of this lal act proved but of
temporary serico, and had only led to
fresh outrages.
Without moral prestige, tho
money of
the olergy almost gone, and tho Liberals
fast gathering upon the capital, one only
resource remained to tho M'u amou Govern
ment. This was the robbery of thu Eng
lish bondholders' fund, stored up in the
house of tho British Consul, under the
seal of thu Enjjli-h Legation, and tho
protection of the flag of Great Britain,
was a uttnig coiisumation ot tuo career ot
Q
n .. . ., a
a Government so lorn.- forced upon tho
upon
people of Mexico by tho clergy, aided by
tho representatives of foreign Powers.
Miramon did not hesitate. On tho 17th
of November, this money was takcu by an
armed force in open day, and carried to
the Palace. It gained him a short respite,
and his partisans hoped that fortune would
again favor their arms. But, emboldened
by a slight victory over an advanced force,
ho ventured out from his .troughold, met
: tho Liberal forces, was overwhelmed by
them, aud utterly defeated. Flying back
to tho capital with a lew followers, tue
French and Spanish Ministers attempted
to mako terms for him with the victorious
General. Failing iu this, Miramon then
seized what .remained in tho Treasury of
tho English bondholders' funds, divided
them iu a hasty scramble among his fol
lowers, and fled from tho City of Mexico
iu J a fugitive from justice,
A
On the 25th of December tho Costitu
tional forces ocupido the capital without
firing a gun, and without disorder of any
kind, and on tho 11th of January of tho
present year J1801)) tuo Constitutional
Government of President Juarez was rees
tablished in tho capital of the Republic,
wheneo it was driven just thrco years be
fore by tho rebellion which has now so ig
nominiously terminated.
During all this long strugglo the moral
countenance of every foreign Power, with
tho exception latterly of tho United
States, has been withheld from tha cause
of Constitutional, liberal Government for
which tho pcoplo wero strugling, and
thrown, with sometimes open aid and sup
ort,on tho sido of the church and tho army,
seeking to establish irresponsible power,
and, if possible, monarchical institutions.
But, unaided and the cause of tho people
and of progress has triumpthed; tho Con
stitution of 1857, and tho representative
Government under it, again reign supremo
in Mexico.
A Bu.autj.ful Sentiment. Life bears
us on like a stroam of a mighty river.
Our boat at first glides down tho narrow
channel through tho playful murmuriugs
of tho little brook and the winding of the
grassy borders. 'I ho trees shed iheir blos
soms over our young heads, tho fllowcrs
on the brink seem to offer themselves to
our young hands, wo arc happy in hope,
and grasp eagerly at tho beauties around
us; but the stream hurries on, and still
our hands arc empty. Our course in youth
and manhood is along a wider aud deeper
flood, amid objects more striking and mag
nifioeut. We are animated at tho moving
picture of enjoyment and industry passing
around us; are excited at some shortlived
disappointment. The stream boars us on,
and our joys and griefs are alike left be
hind us. Wo may be shipwrecked, we
cannot be delayed : whether rouch or
smooth, tho river hastens to his home, till
tho roar of the ocean is iu our ears, and I
tho tossing of waves is beneath our feet.and
the land lessens trom our eyes, and the
floods are lifted up around us,and we take
our leave of earth aud its inhabitants, until
of our farther voyago there is no witness
save tho Infinite and Eternal.
A Clergyman in Scotland desired his
hearers never to call one another liars,but
when any one said anything that was not
true, they ought to whistle. One Sunday
he preached a sermon on the parable of
the loavos and fishes, and being at a loss
how to explain it, he said the loaves were
not like those now a-days ; they wcro as
big as the hills of Scotland. Ho had
scarcely pronounced tho words, when ho
heard a low whistle, "What's that?" said
ho, ''wha call mo a liar ?'' "It is I, Wil
ly McDonald, tho baker." "Weel, Willy
what objections ha' ye to what I told yo 1"
'None, Master John, only I wanted to
know what sort of ovens they had to bako
those loaves in ?''
A girl going to market with a basket
of eggs on her head, had them knocked off
by a rowdy, for which ho was fined, ind
had to pay for tha eggs. When asked
how many egg! she had, the answer was :
"When I put them iu two at a time, there
was ono over ; three at a time, one over ;
and when I put in four, livo or six at a
j time, there was one over ; but when I put
. them in eevcu at a timo, they came out
, eve n " How many eggs had ho to pay
for !
"A Slice Bioueii than tub Loaf.
While walking through Church street a
few cvouings siuee, 'iTlie Subscriber" cauio
up with two negro boys, aged respectively
ten ami liltccn years, mo youugcr ono
It carried an apple in his hand, and the elder
. " "" o - vw-j-.-v- -
... .. l. -. . i! .-.
Ann vprie item., -ill Ins nmmionnn In ftMiin
Ju,t one ultB 01
Tho larger ono took tho apple, opened a
mouth that would have been creditablo to
a 150 lb. catfish, and brought it down on
the fruit, leaving but a very small portion
ou tho other side.
"Thuudcr, Jim 1" said tho little ono,
looking up at tho opperation with aston
ishment, "jest you tako the apple and give
mo iho bite, won't you?"
How to PnrsEitvi: Health. Mcdi
oino will never remedy bad habits. In
dulgence of tho appetite, indiscriminate
dosing and destroyed tho lives of more
persons than famino aud pestilence If
you will tako advice, you will becoiuo reg
ular in your habits, eat aud drink only
wholesome things, rctiro and rise very
regularly. Mako frco uso of water to
purify the skin ; and when tick take coun
sel of tho best practical man you know,
and follow nature,
REASONS,
Entered upon tho Journal of tho Scnato of
Pennsylvania, of tho Democratic Mem
bers of that body, for voting against tha
Act passed on Friday, April 12 1801,
entitled "An act for tho better organ!'
zation of the Militia of tho Common
wealth." Tho undersigned, members of tho Sen
ate, desire to place upon the Journal their
roasons for voting against tho bill passed
in this body on Friday, April 12th, A. D.
1801, entitled "An Act for the better or
ganization of tho Militia of tho Common
wea th."
Tho act provides for tho appointmcnt,by
tho Governor of Pennsylvania, of a milita
ry commission, clothed with full and ex
traordinary powers to re-organize tho mi
litia of the Commonwealth. Tho nature
and character of tho organization proposed
is not set forth iu the act, and is, therefore,
entirely unknown to tho members of tho
Senate and Houso of Representatives.
Tho Constitution expressly declares, that
"the freemen of the Commonwealth shall
bo armed, organized, and disciplined for
its defence, when, aud in such manner as
may be dinbled bij law ;" and, further ,that
"the military shall, in all cases and at all
times, be in strict subordination to tho civ
il power." Under tho provisions of tho
act aforesaid, unlimited authority is vestod
in a military commission, whoso members
are to act independently of tho Legisla
ture ; and thus the law-making power,
which alono should control and direct tho
organization desired in the present and in
all emergencies is deprived of the privilego
of acting upon the details of a system which
is of the most vital importance to tho citi
zens of Pennsylvania. If tho "civil power"'
must blindly yield to a military suprema
cy, it will be an easy transition to pass from
known aud existing laws to a military des
potism sustained and upheld by a standing
army. Since the opening of the present
session no attempt has been made by tho
majority in this body to rc-organizo tho
militia in a proper and constitutional man
ner, and tho representatives of tho peoplo
have not been permitted to deliberate upon
any measure to remedy tho evils in our
military system which this act now pro-
poies to cure. Beforo tho udersigned
could givo their sanction to any system of
-'.Sa.u"I'uu "'"'T1."3
this is clearly their constitutional right
and they should not bo called upon to
place tins important subject entirely and
unreservedly iu the hands of an unknown
military commission.
Tho heavy burthens resting upon tho
pcoplo demand that all expenditures from
the public treasury should bo made with
caution, and when made, should bo guar
ded with proper and necessary restrictions
While tho peculiar system of reorganiza
tion is closely veiled from the public eyo,
the manucr of disposing of tho eroncout
sum appropriated iu the act aforesaid is
equally vaguo and undefined. This act,
in effect, makes the Governor of tho Com
monwealth the disburser of half a million
of dollars, if s) much may be needed, and
contains no provisions for a proper discre
tionary power ou tho part of tho account
ing officers of the Government in the al
lowance and settlement of tho accounts.-
Tho sum appropriated may be used well
it may just as readily be expended improp
erly this will depend in a great moasuro
upon the character of the military commis
sion appointed by thcGovornor,,tho names
of win cli have not yot been presented to
the Senate for its approval and confirma
tion.
It is our unquestioned duty as Legisla
tors to put this Stato in a condition to re
pel invasion, to suppress insurrection, and
to defend our borders in time of war. For
thoso purposes, by tho !-ccoud section of tho
eleventh article of the Constitution, wo aru
authorized to contract debts. Had the ev
idence been furnished to us that cither of
these causes existed, wo would most cheer
fully havo joined iu supporting any proper
and constitutional measure demanded by
tho exigencies of the times. Again, it is
our manifest duty as a Mate, willingly to
respond to any requisition made upon us
by the President of tho United States, to
support tho General Government, to pro
tect tho public property, and to enforce tho
laws, At the timo the bill was under con
sideration no such requisition had been
made, cither directly or indirectly, to tho
uuowieugo ot me undersigned, iiut in
order clearly to evince cur desire and in
tention to respond to any such requisition,
wo asked tho privilego of voting for the last
clause ot tue third section ot the act aforo
said, This privilege was not granted, and
we were, therefore, compelled, by a btriet
sense of duty, and for tho reasons herein
beforo stated, to oast our votes against tho
cntiro bill.
That tho citizens of this Stato will never
fail to respond to such a requisition, is at
tested by tho eagerness with which her pa
triotic sons rushed to tho support of our
National flag in tho war with Mexico.
That they will do so again in obedienco to
a call of tho Chief Exocutivo of tho Nation
no one will doubt ; and in all his constitu
tional efforts to uphold the Governmont,to
protect its property, to maintain its laws,
and to fuard tho National flag from insult
aud dishonor, ho will rcccivo tho cordial,
enthusiastic, aud dctcrtimed support of tho
united peoplo of this Commonwealth.
WILLIAM II. WELSH.
HIESTER OI.i'MEit
JER, SOnrNDEL,
KENNEDY L. BLOOD.
HENRYS. MQ1T.
April lfiti. v
ti