"COLUMBIA
DEMOCRAT,
AN) BLOOMSBURG GENERAL ADVERTISER.
EvI L. TATE, Editor. T0 hold and trim the touch of truth and wave it oer the darkened earth." $2 00 PER ANNUM.
rpl, 14-.N0. 19. BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA, SATURDAY, JULY 14, 1860. VOL. 24.
' THE
Julttinhin Uciimrnit
It KlLUKlD 1VSRT itlm&iT MORM.IO, IT
LEVI li. TATE,
at BLooMSDUna, comMMA ooukty, rA.
t o i-Tib i:
(A ntm Brick Untitling, 0vmift the Etthtngt, ty itttt
oftht Voitrt t louse "Democratic Head iiatte-rt,"
TERMS MY SUIISCKII'TION.
)1 00 In advance fur one nipy, for li monthi.
I 75 In alraticp, for one copy, one. year,
i w If not paid within the rirl three raontlu,
211 If not pai.l within th firat nix month.
8 50 If not paid w Ithin the yi or.
C7 iVu'auWrijitiim taken tur leq thin six month,
i uo paper dltcoiitlnucj until all arrearage hallhavtf
en paid.
C7 Ordinary Am frtufmist inserted, and Jon Wo ax
tutcd, at tito i'bULIUIk'iI nrucK.
l)oicc 3octni.
b'rom the Chrnttai .idtucttie $ Journal,
KINDNESS.
BT At MA A. ( K AW FORD.
O vpeak a word t-f kindnes,
. It may heal a broken heart;
, Anil to tliugt! who gr ipe in btl.iJncea,
j 'lUnay new Ufo iiunatt.
j ?(
-lnlhl. Bail t orM if iiiirr.nv
'A.sistlhy follow.fuan ;
-.Soma blixs troiii heavi-n borrow
Bind up tlm wounded .plrll,
The turn ami Meuduie lK.irt ;
Tb3 luul tliat'i, Kinking, rhe.r 11,
And blunt fJtu'd nuj o ,oJ dart,
Tl, but a day vi- tarry
With ttiwsa wlium CJo 1 hae given,
j Then In ui try and curry
, Their low vwtli ui tol.eivcn.
There's many a soul in st'lifBi
A kindly word might save
Frouitl.uk, uVtfiairlfig inailli'-mi,
Or an uutiliuly grave.
Mother' Injunction on rreseuiing
her bou with a IJiblc.
Reuxm&cii, ut; who gave you thK
Wh-n (tl) t lan Mull to mo ;
When nltti who li.nl thy earli 'bt kmi,
Sleep in h x lunmt h mi;.
HcmainhT, 'Xa ii iiiotlirr pa vi
The gift to uiic-shu'd du lunate.
That motlur a-xisht a pledge of Ijvc,
Tha l.olwct, f.r Ii-t fn,
An J from tli uftn f tJnJ abjvc
Him thohj u to. idly on ,
flhe cIiobo fT her b -Invert h iy.
1'hi kource of light and 111', and jo) t
An I bade hi'it keep tli gift, that wtun
Tin prirtni h.tar n it icn-1
Th y might h no hupu lu nwut again,
In nn eternal hoi if.
Blic laid, hi l'.uth in that wuul I be
Sweet inctiisc to lur nioiuor).
Anil plionld tho ecoirir, in tiMpridC,
Laujih that t'o.itl f.iitti to ttcorn,
And bid him r.'ietl th pl dijf aci I.-,
1 hat lie, from jouth had bt.rtic ;
fcfhe bade him paiiD, and uk Iih brcait
If Iu or blio tuJ Unad hl.i bri.
A parent'! bletbitijuti h r an
Got-g with llijft lndy thing:
The lovu tint wuiil i ri'tain thu otto
Muat to th 1 urtlur tiller.
Remember.. 'In no itilet'ty,
A moUur gift, rciiu'iiiU'r.boyt
T II B
S M 0 C IS A T I C X 0 .i I ! A T 1 0 . S . I
W o annex a short biographical sketch of
ih of tbo Nominees of the la'e Balti
re Democratic Convention.
fOHN-C WtECKINEIDOB,
Or KENTUCKY.
John 0, BuuiKi.vHiDai: h a nativo of,
intucky, and via, boin near Lexington, J
uuary 10,' 1 -21. Ho received his cdu-1
ion at Ccntru Cjllegj,enjoying tho bene-'
of somo months at Princeton, and, af- J
going through the requisite law studies
Transylvania Institute, was admitted to
! bar at Lexington. Hoping to find a !
itful field in which to sow his knowledge, ,
emigrated to tho Northwest, but after j
ncthing less than a couplo of years spent ,
Burlington, Iowa, ho returned to his '
tivo State, and took up his abodo at
xington, where ho btill resides. He
,orcd immediately on tho practico of his (
ifussion, and met with a well merited .
icess. j
Tho trump of war, however, excited tho ,
itary ardor of our young Kcutuckian,
1 tbo result was creditable service as a
jor of infantry during tho Mexican war. '
also distinguished himself as tho couu-'
for Major Goucral Pillow in the celo
,tcd court-martial of that officer.
Oa the roturn of Major Breckinridgo
or Mexico, ho was elected to tho Ken
ky Legislature, and created so favora-
an impression as a legislator that he
l elected to Congress from tho Ashland
itrict, and, being re-elected, held bis
tfrora 1801 to 1655.
Db.3 prominence thus derived, other cir
istanccs helped to sustain,
.'ntroducing (ou tho tho 30th of June,
52) tho, resolutions of respect to the
mory of Henry Clay, who had died tha
' provious, Mr. Brcckinridgo laid the
less of his young heart on the gravo of
great-Kcntuckiau, in whom "intellect,
son, eloquence, and courage unite to
ra a character St to command," Stan-
ding by that gravo and with tlio memories candidates, they quickly, ono by one,
of tlio great dead about him, "tho inoro changed their votes, tbo several delegates
legerdemain of politics" appeared contcmp- making neat and appropriate speeches in
tible to him. What a reproach was Clay's announcing thu change. Tho names of
life on tlio false policy which would trifle ' other candidates were withdrawn, and the
with a great and upright people ! " If I wholo poll went for John C. Breckinridge,
were to writo his epitaph," said Brcckin- at which tho Convention rose, and with
ridge, "I would inscribe, as the highest waving of handkerchiefs and tho loudest
eulogy, on the stono which shall mark his ' vocal demonstrations, directed its attcn-resting-place,
'Hero lies a man who in tho tion upon tlio tall and graceful delegate
public sorvici for fifty years, and never ( from Kentucky, who had been so uucx
attempted to deceive las countrymen.' '' prctedly nominated for so exalted a post.
Iu thu Thirty-second Congrcsi, Sir. ' It was long before tho demonstrations sub
Breckinridge was instrumental iu securing -ided i'o as to allow a word to bo heard.
an appropriation for thu completion of tlio ' At last, tho commanding figure of Mr.
cemetery near tho city of Mexico, in Vilucli ; iJreckiundgo stood fronting the mighty , He gae an historical outline of the ex-' examination, be obtained a liceiif o from
tho remains of tho officer.? and saldiers who i triumph. It certainly was a time to try a igielicios to which Congress was put in its thu Judges of the Supremo Court, and iu
fell iu battle or otherwise in or near tho ! young man. llo ipoko briefly and becom-! early duy holding its Missions, as the March, 1801, opened an office and corn
city of Mexico should be interred Ho ii'gly. The result just announced and uu- chances of war required, at Philadelphia, ' menccd practice in the higher Courts,
also favored an appropriation for a weekly jexpcct3d, and his profound gratitude was Baltimore, Lancaster Annapolis, and One year after his admission, while not
mail with the Pacific, and advocated pat- j without words. He gave the Convention Vorktown, and, during the period between j yet twenty two years old, and not over
ting these couti acts out to tho lowest bid j tho simple thanks of a true heart ; and ex , the conclusion of peace and thv establish- eighteen months a resident of IIliiioi.s,tbc
dcr. pressing his. appreciation of their first went of the preent Guverninent, at Legislature elected him Attorney General
Though Mr. Breckinridge did not seek 1 choice, aud linking his humble name with Princeton, Annapolis, Trenton and Xew of tho State. Iu December, 1835, he rc-
to bo constantly beforo tho House, ho took
a very distinguished portion, and some
times in debate was .-harp and effective.
Mr. Giddings, in the course of a speech
(IGth of March, 1S.VJ) on the Compromise
Measures and Fugitivo Slave Law, denied
that the Federal Government had power
to pass laws by which -to compel our
officers and people to siue and carry back
fugitiva hlaves." Mr. Brcckinridgo briefly
puiied him into an enunciation of his most
extremc doctrines, and then said, "against
the impotent ravings of bis bafilud faiiati- ' the people. ; branches of the Lcgulatuie were returned i more ballots rejected by the canvassers in
cism I place the plain words of tho Const!-! " The whole power," said be, "of the ! favorable to the election of the Vice Prcsi- j consequence of tho mis-spelling of Mr.
tution. To his coarse and offensive lan- Democratic organization is pledged to the dent to the United States Senate, as sue- ' Douglas' name than would have changed
guago I have no reply." ' following propositions: That Congress ccssor to the Hon. J. . I. Crittenden, whose tho result.
With tho debate on the Nebraska Bill, hhall not interpose upon this subject in the term expires in I80J. (Mr. Breckinridge j Mr. Douglas now devoted himself exclu
iu March, IsSt, Thirty-third CongiesS, States, in the Territories, or iu the Dis has since been elected Senator by twenty- ' shely to bis profession, and distinguished
Mr. Brickiuridgc's name is intimately triet of Columbia ; that the people of each 'nine majority, on the joint ballot of tho ! himself especially in a case touching the
wo.'cn. It was during this ducus.iou that Teriitory thall determine thu question for Kentucky Legislature), j rights of foreign bom voters. In 1840,ho
ho declared himself iu faor of perfect non- themselves, aud be admitted into the Uni- After such a record, it is needless to entered upon tho Presidential contest in
intervention, and said that he would not on upon a footing of perfect equality with dwell ou the popularity or merits of the , favor of Van Burcn and Democracy with
vote for tho bill if it proposed to legislate the original States, without di-eriiuiualion ', man, or to commend the approeiatiun which great ardor In December of this year,
slavery into Nebraska and Kansas. "Tho
right to establish,'" taid he, "involves tho
eorielativo right to prol.ib t ; and, deny
ing both, I would la for neither. 1 go
further, and express the opinion that a
laase legislating slavery into those Terri
tories would i.ot cjtnuiaud one Southern
vote iu this House." Alluding to tho re- try abroad, he had been a legislator in
stiictiou of la-U, and its i eon-isleney with his State and iu thu National Legislature,
the Comprouii-e of 1800,1)0 said tho effect had been tendered the representation of
of the repeal of the forn.or was "neither the Republic in Karope, and elevated to
to establish nor to exclude, but to leave the sccoud office in tlie gift of the people,
tho future condition of tho Territories do- Truly might the lines ot thu poet be ap
peudcut wholly upon thu action of the in- ' plied to him :
habitants, subject onlv to such limitations , "He unlimi.i jnk
as the Federal Constitution may impose."
" Sir,'' he said, iu continuation, "I caru
nothing about refined distinctions or tha
subtleties of vcibal criticism. I repeat thu
broail auU plain proposition, that il Con-
gress may intervene on this subject it may
intervene on any other ; and having thus
surrendered the principle, aud broken away
irom con-tuution.il limitations, you are
driven into the very lap of arbitrary power.
By thiddoctrine jou may erect a despotism
under tho American system, Thu whole
theory is a libel on our iustitutious. It
carries us back to tho abhorrent principle
of British colonial authority, against which
we matlo the issuo of Independence. 1
have never acquiesced in this odious claim,
and will not believe that it can abide the
test of public scrutiuy."
In recognition of Mr. Breckiuridge's
identification with the iows of the Admin-
istration, President Pierce tendered to him
the mission to Spain ; but tho honor was '
respectfully declined, family matters com- ,
polling Mr. Breckinridge to this course.
Ho was a delegatu to the Cincinnati Con
vention iu Juue, 1850. After the nomina
tion of Buchanan for the Presidency, bev
oral names were offered for the second
office, among others that of John C. Breck-'
iuridgo, proposed by the Louisiana delcga. I
tion, through General J, L. Lavvis. Ac I
kuowlcdging the flattorng manifcUation of
good will, Mr. Breckinridge begged that
his uauie would bo withdrawn. On tho
first ballot, however, tho Vermont delega
tion, through Mr. Smalley, believing that
no Democrat has a right to rcfasu his ser
vices when his country calls, cast its live
votes for Breckinridge. Many other States
followed, and of tbo total be received fifty.
ono votes, second on the list, and only
eight under tho first, General Quitman.
On tho sccoud ballot, Maine, New Hamp
shire and Vermont led off for Breckin
ridgo i Massachusetts followed with eleven
out of thirteen votes j llhodo Island fol
lowed with bcr four ; then tho Now York
"Softs" gave him eighteen. Delaware,
Maryland and Virginia voting in tbo saiuo
way, it bocamo quito obvious that ho was
the choico of tho body ; and though several
of the remaining States voted for othc1'
that of tho tried statesman of Peunsvlva-
nia, cordially endorsed tho platform, aud choice of the present locality, the founda ' the Legislature by the Democrats of Mor
sat down amid tho booiuiug of cannon and j tiou ef tho city, the building of the Capitol I gan county. Ia bo was appointed
the vociferous applauso of the multitude : and thu onward career of our legislature, I Register of the Land f Jffioo at Springfield
outside breaking in upon and almost over- uith suggestive memorials of tho great men ! Illinois, by President VanBureu,and held
powering the loud cheers within the hall, j who had made the place they were luav
Three days after this exciting and gr.iti i"g immortal. It was a chaste and suita
fying scone, his neighbors gathered to con ! bio farewell to the old chamber, aud will
igratulate him at Lexington, and ho then,
iu an address to them, reiterated the view
of his Nebraska Kansas speech, and the
platform upon which he was placed before
on account of the allowance uf prohibition
slavery.''
lie was elected Vice President, having
necived 173 Klectoral votes, being ."!) over
William L. Dayton, the Republican candi
date for the .-jiiie office. Thus, at tie
ao of thirtv live, be had served bis coun-
lltMicath til ' uvvM ot' tniatri .inJ uiric.'.
Not lucrUy olf.r'd. but luiporiud uvuii liiiu."
As President of the United States Sen-
ate, he took thu chair of that ciuiueiit bodv
early in the first session of tho Thirty-
fifth Congress, December, 1657, and, with
0mo intermission, caused by the illne.-.s of
bis family, presided during that ttonnv
BL3,ioii. .
At Florence, Kentucky, on the 24th of
July, 1858, tho Vico President, then h
ing iu rustic.itiou iu his own Statu, atten
ded, by invitation, a meeting of his follow
citizens, anil addressed them iu an do-
iii-iit peeoh on the topics of the day. Ho
(Wended tho Adimni.trntiou against tbo !
:harge ot extravagance, showing that the
' Aiue-ricaus" and ' Bepublicaus," who
clamored so much about extravagance, '
w.ro tbo ery par us that attempted iu
the previous session to ndd several mil.
liom to the budget ; th: t the extravagant
and objectionable appropriations were
made by a " ltepubliean" House, aud that
tho only resistance made against them was
by Democrats. Ho reviewed the Slavery
question up to 1820, when intervention
agaiust Slave States commenced, followed
with a lehearsil of tho Wilmot Proviso
movement, and the reaction that followed,
expressing the belief that tho people of
Kentucky had not appreciated tho scope
aud force of the Anti-Slavery movement,
which was wideuiug and deepening at tho
North. Ho showed them how the Slavery
question had killed tbo old Whig party
an organization that was bold, open, gal
lant, full of pluck and fire j bow tho Ame
rican party had died, partly of the same
issue, and partly of an iuhcront weakness
in its constitution, aud thought that tho
gentlemen who caused tho death of the
last party left afloat iu Kentucky would
and should becomo Democrats, to enable
tho Stato to copo with tho Republicans.
It was impossible to remain neutral. Tho
Dcmocralio party was not a destructive
but a conservative party, based upon tho
Constitution, and tbo rights of citizens and
States. It alone have survived the agita
tion, and was now vital, untamable and
uucouquerable. The speech gavo great
satisfaction.
In the great struggle in Illinois between
Senator Douglas and tlio Republicans and
seccders from the Democracy, tlio Vice
President sympathized with tho former.
Though ho did not endorse tho course of
Senator Douglas in the session of Congress
then recently closed on tho Leeomptou
question, he sympathised with him, and de
sired his success, " being tho leader of tho
Democracy of Illinois in their present fight
against Black Republicanism. "
On the removal of the Senate from tbo
old and time honored chamber, which had
been tho scene of so many great events of
American history, to thw now one. the '
Vice I're.-ideiit made a feelinz address,
York. He followed with a history of the
: bo treasured among tho arehieves recount-
iug its dear old memories.
I In the recent (August) election in Ken-
tucky, a majority of tlio members of both
has thus carried out the recommendation
in favor of an infusion into our political '
life of .-omu joung blood and intellect.
fli Id-imtli il I'adua; a Draul.1 ; l,y Tliotnaa & Dun.
l,lU, VVd,lllll?lOtt. I), f , ISliU,
STEPHEN P. DOUGLAS
or im.i.nois. ' i
Rtei-iikn Aunoui'dolVilas, was born'
at Brandon. Rutland coi.ntv. Vnrmnnt. .. .
thu 23,1 of Anril, 1313. His father a na-!
tive of New York, and a iihvsician of
nrominence. died sudden v uf " anonlexv
i- . -- -i i j
when his son Stephen was littlu more than
two months old. The widow, Mrs. Doug
las, took her infant aud a daughter some
eighteen months older to a farm which she
had inherited eoujo'ntlv with her unmnr-
I Jied brother. Stephen received such an
j education as a common school bestows.and
1 airiving at the ago of fifteen, looked aux
lously toward a college course. His faini-
1 r were unable to afford the requisite ex-
dciisc: in which event he, thinkiuL' it time
to caru his owu living left the farm and
apprenticed himself to a cabinet maker, at
which trade ho worked partly at Midde -
bury aud partly at Brandon for eighteen
months. The .severity of eighteen mouths'
application at the cabinet-maker's bench
to impaired his lualth that ho abandoned ,
the occupation, though not without torn o '
ret ; for ho has oftencd since said that
the happiest days of his life were spent
in the workshop. Entering tho academy
at Brandon, he smdied for a year, when
he removed to Canandaigua with his moth
er and entered the academy at that place
Here be remained until 1833, studying
law with the Messrs. Hubbell.
Young and with the instincts which lal
tcr power creates, he dceired a fresh field
aud so in the spring of 1833 he started
West iu search of an cligiblo place in
which to woo and wiufoitunoas a law
yor. Young Douglas was prostrated by a
sovero illness, and had to remain the whole
summer at Cleveland. After his recovery
bo continued bis search for an "eligible
place." visiting Cincinnati, Louisville,
and St. Louis, iu vaiu. At Jacksonville
Illinois, be was no better pleased, though
tbo state of bis funds now reduced t
tbirty-soven aud a half cents offered some
reason ho might not proceed. If his pock
ets wero empty, however, his heart was
full and gave him strength and applying
this strength to tho best uso bo walked to
Winchester, a little town sixteen miles
distant, where ho hoped to obtain employ
ment as a school teacher.
At Winchester, a largo crowd bad col
lected around tho slock of a deceased tra
der, which was to bo sold by auction. In
stinctively, young Douglas was boouiu tho
front rank of tho crowd to seo what was
going on. Tho auctioneer was at a stand
still. He wanted a clerk to keep tho sale
accounts. Douglas, lookipg like a man
who could read and write, was invited to
tbo clerkship, Hnd promptly accepted it.
For his three day's service in this position
ho received six dollars with which capital
he immediately opened a school and ob
tained forty scholars, whom ho taught for
tb rco months at three dollars each. Spend'
ing hU days iu teaching the youth of Win
chester. Ins night were devoted to Iris
own instruction. Borrowing some law
books in Jacksonville, he mastered their
contents, and on Saturday afternoons dis
played his book learning with great effect
while practising in petty cases before tho
justice of the peace of the town. After an
signed this office, bavin-' been clocted to
the office until 283!), when ho resigned,
In the meantime, although ineligible ou
tho score of age Mr. Douglas received the
Democratic nomination for Congress, in
November, 1837. Over 30,001) votes were
cast, aud tho Whig candidate was declared
elected by a majority o! Jive there being
Mr. Douglas was appointed Secretary of
Stato for Illinois ; and in February foli
lowing ho was elected by thu Legislature
a Judgo of tho Supremo Court. In 1843
ho resigned his seat ou the bench to accept
tho Democratic nomination for Congress.
IIu wtu cnoien UJ" a Majority of four
hu"Jred- 1,1 1844 lmwas 'eeclcU by
a '"jrty of nineteen hundred, and again
'" lti'10' hi' nearl' thrco tll0US!llc'
''J-'
Hu did not take his seat under tho
! 1,lit clL'ctio11' havin.
been in the meantiino
; """'atcu to ttie unitou states benato tor
i ix JuaM from JI:UU'' 4 lt l7 " iu w,li(:
! hiKh l'M'tio11 '' Iias continued ever since.
In tho House of Kepresentativcs Mr.
Douglas took s prominent position on the
1 Oregon controversy with England main-
' tabling our title to the whole of Oregon
UP to 54 deg. and 40 and declaring that
( ho never would yield one inch of Oregon,
! cither to Great Brittaili or any other Gov-
1 eminent. He was in favor of the resolu
j tion giving uotieo to terminate tho joint ou-
' cupation, and advocated with great fervor
' tho establishment of a Territorial Govern-J
i meut over Oregon, under thu sufficient'
mility force and tho immcdiato preparation
of the couutry, so thut in tho event of a
war growing out of what he deemed the
assertion of our rights, we might "drive
Great Britain, and the last vestige of roy-
al authority, from tho contiaent of North ' greatest speech ot his life."
America, and make the United State an' After the passage of the Nebraska bill,
ocean-bound republic.'' J Mr. Douglas was fiercely and savagely de-
llo was an early advocate to tho annex- uounced for advocating the principle that
atiou of Texas. As Chairman of the Com ; the people of a Territory might havu slavo
mitto on Territories, iu 1H40, he reported ry if they wanted, and bhould not be com
the joint resolution declaring Texas one of pelled to have it if they did not want it,
tho United States ; and he abh sustained He was burned and hung in effigy iu every
Polk's Administration in its war measures 1 town ullage and hamlet iu tho United
toward Mexico. Yet he opposed the treaty 1 States wh re an Abolitioni t could be fouud.
of peaeo which closed the Mexican war,on When be arrived in Chicago, he was met
tho ground that tbo boundaries wore 'uu-, by another mob, more numerous than the
natural aud inconvenient,' and the provis-' ono which greeted him in 1850, when ho
ious in regard to tho Indians, "could nov-' made his great speech in defcuco of tbo
ur be executed." Our Government has ' Compromise measures. Mr. Douglas gavo
since given ten millions of dollars to Mex- j notico that ho would address the people in
ico to alter tho boundaries and relinquish the open square in front of North Market
the Indian stipulations. In like manner, Hall, iu defence of the principle involved
he strenuously opposed the ratification of in the Kansas-Nebraska bill,
tho Clayton Bulwer Treaty, upon the On tho day of the meeting, tbo flags of
ground that it pledged tho faith of the tho shippiug in the harbor were hung at
United States iu all timo, never to annex, half mast, in pursuanco of a previous ar
colonise, or occupy any portion of Central , raugemcut by tho Abbolitiouists in their
America. I Know-Nothing lodges, and thu church
Senator Douglas has dcchrcel himself in bells were rung as a signal for thu mob to
favor of tho acquisition of Cuba, when that
island can bo obtained in a manner consist
ent with tho laws of nations and tho honor
of tho United States.
As Chairman of tho Committco ouTcr-
ritorics, first in tho Houso and afterwards
in the Senato, ho reported and carried
through tho bills organised tho Territories
of Minnesota. Oregon, New Mexico,
Utah, Washington, Kansas Nebraska.and
alo tbo bills for the admission, int the
Union of tho States of Iowa, Wisconsin,
California Minnesota and Oregon. Ho
early took ground touching the slavery
question as involved in tho organization of
and the admission of now States. Ho held
that Congress should not intercfero ono
way or tbo other With this view ho op
posed the "Wilmot Proviso" in I847,when
it passed the House as an amondment to
tho 83,000,000 bill for tbo peaco treaty
Mexico, and afterwards in the Senate,
when introduced as an amendment to the
Oregon, bill extending the Missouri Com
promise lino 30 deg. and 30' westward
to the Pacific Ocean, in the sciso in which
it was adopted in 1820 and extended
through Texas in 1 845. Tho amendment
passed tho Senate, having the support of
all the Southern and soveral Northern
Senators. Iu tho House it was .dofeatod
by an almost sectional vote.
In tho mouth of January of the session
of 1819-50, Mr. Clay offered his colebra
ted resolutions, which became tho basis of
tho subsequent legislation of that sesson,
known as tho Compromise measure.
Ou tho 25 of March, Mr. Douglas ,'Jrom
the Committee ou Territory, reported to
tho Senato two bills one for the admission
of California as a State, tbo other for the
establishment of Territorial Governments
in Utah and Now Mexico, and for the ad
justment of the Texas boundary. On the
10th of April, on motion of General Footc
of Mississippi, a conimittco of thirteen was
appointed, of which Mr. Clay was made
ahairman, and to which was referred all
tho subjects pertaining to the question of
Slavery. On tho Ctb of May, Mr. Clay,
from tho Committee of Thirteen, mada an
elaborate repoit, accompanied by a bill
generally known as the"Oniuibus bill."
By reference to the original bill, as report
ed by Mr. Clay, and as it now appears on
tho files of tbo Senate, it will be seen that,
instead of preparing a new bill, the Com
mittee of Thirteen took the bills reported
by Mr, Douglas, on tho 25th of March,
aud converted them into one by putting
wafers betweeu them.
No sooner bad this report been made by
Mr. Clay than it was fiercely assailed.
Tho discussion proceeded at great length
upon the question whether the Territorial
Legislature should havotho same authori
ty over tho Slavery question as on all oth
er matters affecting the internal policy of
tbo Territory, when on tbo 31st of July,
Mr. Morris of New Hampshire, renewed
the motion of Mr. Douglas, which was
carried by a vote of 33 to 10; thus estab
lishing, as tho fundamental principle of
tho Compromise measures of 1850, the
doctrine that thu Territorial Legislature
was to have the same power over tho quos
tiou of Slavery that it possessed on
all
j other matters ot domestic policy
Mr. Douglas, in 1851, introduced tho
Kansas-Nebraska Bill declaring as its fun
damental principle, that "it was thu true
j intent and meaning of tho Act not to leg
islato slavery into any State or Territory,
nor to exclude it therefrom, but to leave
the people thereof perfectly free to form
and regulate their domestic institutions in
their own way, subject only to the Oousti-
lution of tho United States." His speech
in the Senate iu support of tbo
bill aud
ajainst its adversaries, was regarded as"tho
assemble. They did assemble, ten tbous
aud strong armed witn clubs, brick-bats, -
bowio knives and pistols, aud organized
into companies, with their leaders, ready
for violence or tumult at tho given signal,
i - . . . . -
When Mr. Douglas appeared upon tho
stand, ho was greeted with the most uu-
' earthly howls; when bo commenced to
speak, they throw eggs, stoucs anu ciuus, couiession to ins Jatner yesterday after
and firod pvoto'h, to orealo a tumult and I noon, His remains will be iutcrrevl nn
break up the '''SHnainUutedWB t jk.
position for four hours sometimes ap
pealing to them then ridiculing then
denouncing their cowardice in combining
to put down with forco and violence a siu.
gle man, who used uo other weapons than
truth and reason. His efforts were futile.
Tbo mob grow supreme; and having bold
them at bay from eight o'clock in tho ovo
ning of Saturday till past twelve, in tho
midst of their imprecations and violence,
ha retired, pursued by tho mob, to bis ho
tel. Immediately issuing notices making ap
pointments throughout tho State, he ap
pealed to tbo people to rally in defouce of
the groat principle that every community
should govern itself in respect to its local
and domestic affairs. He did not appeal
in vain. Tho pcoplo of Illinois did rally,
and, in the Presidential election of 1857,
gavo Mr. Buchanan a Democratic majori
ty upon that distinct issue.
On tho " naturalixation question" Mr.
Douglas has not been less bold and con
sistent. His cutiro career has been mark"
cd by his defence and vindication of tho
rights of naturalized citizens and men of
foreign birth who havu made their homos
in this country.
1852, tho name of Stephen A. Douglas
was brought before tho Baltimore Con
vention for tho Presidency, and again at
the Cincinnati Convention, where, on tho
10th ballot, ho received 122 votes. After
this he withdrew, by telegraph from Wash
ington, his name iu favor of Mr. Buch
anan.
(continued i.w our next.)
EXECUTION OF HAUDEN.
Bklvidkhk, N. J., July 0. Jacob S,
Harden was executed this afternoon, at
tweuty-five minutes of two o'clock, in the
jail yard, in Bclvidcro, for tho murder of
his wife, Hannah Harden, on tho 7th of
March, 1850, in tho village of Anderson,
township of Mantficld, Warren county, N.
J., by administering poison. During tho
forenoon, one continued stream of people.
residing far and near, arrived atBelvidcro,
anu Diocicea up the street in front of tho
jail. Tho outbuildings near tho jail yard
was crowded with human beings, tho most
of whom bad m partial view of the gallows.
During the forenoon they attempted to get
on the wall of thu prison, but wero driven
off by the military, who preserved good
order during tbo day.
At uinu o'clock Harden expressed a
desire to visit the scaffold, which was
grauted. He stood for nearly five miuutos
upon thu trap door, perfectly calm and
composed, nnd made a close examination
of the gallows. After which, he was con
ducted back to his cell.
About icn o'clock, his spiritual advisers,
tho Bev. Messrs Day and Kirk, visited bis
cell, where they remained for an hour,
during which time they ciigaged in prayer
aud tinging. Ho was then visited by his
counsel, Messrs. Shipman aud Depuo, who
bid him good bye. To the medical gentle
men ho gavo his autograph, remarking at
the time ' 1 havo suffered enough of late
and will soon be out of misery." As tho
hour arrived for tho last act in the drama
to tako place tho crowd was so large that
it was with great difficulty they were kept
uacje. At 12 o clock tho prison door was
thrown open, aud those who had passes
were allowed to enter. Tho hour of 1
o'clock having arrived, Sheriff Sweeney
proceeded to tho cell of the condemned
and informed him that the timo had ar
rived, and that ho must now prepare him
self for the execution of the sentence. In
tho meantime about fifty persons had con
vened in tbo Jail Yard, aud about an
equal number in the court-room, over
looking tho scaffold. At tweutv-threo
minutes past 1 o'clock ho was led forth,
accompanied by tbo Sheriff and his spirit
ual advisers, and ascended the platform.
Harden then knelt down and offered up a
prayer, and appeared to bo deeply affec
ted ; he then shook bauds and kissed the
Sheriff and clergymen, and stepped upou
the trap.
The cap was drawn over his eyes, tho
noose was attached to the main pully, and
at twenty-five minutes to two o'clock he
was launched iuto eternity. Tho fall,
which was four feet, did not break his
neck. After hanging one minute, a par
tial contortion of the muscles was percep
tible, aud at twenty minutes of two there
was u slight pu'3;.t:on. At fifteen miuutes
, of two o clock be was pronounced dead by
,' Drs. Tattison aud Clark. The body was
i I. i , . ..."
-jowercu uown anu placed m a black wal-
nut coffin, aud delivered over to Mr. F.
lloso, who conveyed tho Banio to Ilareleii's
parcuts. Harden, it ia said, madu a full