4V'
? HTnl giWi- '"'."JMI mil
-aw
I have sworn upon the Alter of Ood, eternal hostility to every form of Tyranny ever the Mind of Mu.' Thoman JuUewoo
II. WEBB, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR.
Volume I A.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
iro Hie Senate and House nf Iteprtstnta
It is to m source of unaffected nat
isfaction to meet the Representative of
the btates and Ihe people in Congress
assembled, as it will be to receive the
aid of their combined wisibm in the ad-
ministration oi ptioiic auairs. in per
foiming, lor the fuel time, the duty im
poiied on me by the Constitution,
of
Rivine to you inlut mation of Ihe Sine
of ihe Union, and recommending
your consideration such measures as
my judgement sre necessary and expe
dient, 1 am happy that I can conzraiu
late yon on ihe continued prosperity oi
our country. Under ihe blessings cl
Divine riovidence and the benign in
fluen ce of our tree institutions, it stand
before the wotld a spectacle of nation?
happineKti.
'With our unrXumplf tl advancemen
in all the element of national ereainei
the affection ol the pec pie is confirmed
tor the union of the Slates, and for (hi
doctrines of popular liberty, which In
t the foundation of our government.
'It becomes us. in humility; to mak'
our devout acknowledgments lo the Su
preme Kuler of the Universe, 'or tht
inestimable civil and religious blessing
with which we are favored.
'In calling Ihe attention of Congress
to our relations with foreign Powers, I
m gratified to be able to state, it
though with some of them there have
existed since your last sessions seriou
causcs of irritation and misunderstand
ing, yet no actual hostilities have taken
place. Adopting the maxim in tlx
conduct of our ftreign affairs, to 'ask
nothing (hat is not right, and submit t.
nothing that is wrong,' it has been my
anxious desire to preserve peace with all
nations; but, at the same lime, to b
prepared to resist aggression,
and t
maintain all our rights.
In persuance of the joint resolution of
Congress, for annexing Texas to iV
United Stales,' my predecessor, on th-
third day of Marsh, 1845, elected ti.
submit the first and second section, ol
that resolution to the repuhlic of Tex
as an overture, on the p.rt of the United
States, for her admission as a S;ate int
our Union. Tnis election I approved,
and accordingly the Cnsrge dV7iTaire
of the United Slates in Texas, under in
slruslions of the tenth of March, 1815
presented these sections of the resold
lion for the acceptance of thai tepublic
The Excutive government, the Congress
and the people of Texas in convention
have successively complied with all
the terms and conditions of thejoint res
olulion. A constitution for the govern
ment of the State ol Texas formed by t
convention of deputie", is herewith lair1
before Congress. It is well known, al
so, I ha the people of Texas at the poll-
have accepted the terms of annexation
and rattified the constitution.
I communicate to Congress the cor
respondence between the Secretary o'
State and our Charge d'Affairea in Tex
as, and also the correspondence of tht
latter with ihe authorities of Texas, io
gMher with the official documents Hans
milled by him lo hia own government.
The terms of annexation which were
offered by Texas, ihe public faith of boll
parties is solemly pledged to the enm
pact of their union. Nothing remains
to consumate the event, but Ihe passage
of an act by Congress to admit tin
State ol Texas into the Union upon ai
equal footing with the original Slates.
Sirong reasons exist why this should bt
clone at an early period of the session.
It will be obseived that, by the consli
union of Texas, the existing gove rnmen1
is only continued temporarily till Con
gress can ac ; and that the third Mon
day of the present month i the day ap
pointed for holding the first general
election. On that day governor, a
lieutenant governor, and both branches
of the leg'slalijre will be chosen by the
people.
The President of Texas is required,
immediately afer receipt of official in-l'ions and assurances, abruptly terminated
formation that the new Stale has beenjt'', mission, and shortly afterwards left the
admitted luio oui Union by Cur(r;ress,!c0"n,rV- Our Envoy Exiraor.l.nory and
ta convene .he Legislature; and, upoiij lMBn.potcnti-y to Mexico
r ,,. 'refused all ofUeial intercourse with lhai
us meeting, the ex.sung PW'''lB0,nnieBlf ,ie reirnfJ t0 ,hs Uuile(l
win ne si.per.eueu, ...
.-.nnant (..ganged. questions deeply
ni'.tiestti.g to iexaS, m common vuii;
tLi ulher Su'cy; :he exieiisiou of oJij
icvenue Uws and judicial )t-ni ovf t .
her people and urritoi V. well
n.easurt of a locl charadei, will claim
he early atlciuioii of Countess, an J,
ISLOOJ1S11UKG, COLUJIIIIA COLNTV,
therefore, unon everv nrincioU of re
publicin government, ihe oiuht to
... 1 J 1 1 . .
represented in that bo v without un
necessary delay. I cannot loo earnest
ly reccommend prompt action on this
important subject.
As soon as the act to admit Tex is
a State shall be passed, the union of th
two republics will be consummated by
'heir own voluntary conaent.
This accession lo our territory ha
hem a bloodless achievement. ivoarT)
of force his been raised to produce th
result. The sword hag had no put in
the victory. We have not sought to ex
end our territorial possessions by con
quest, or our republican institutions over
reluctant neonle: It was the deltbT
liomage of each people to ihe great ptin
r r
oiple of our federative union.
If we consider the extent ot territory
nvolved in the annexation its pros
oective mflience on America th
means by which it has been ac
vmnlished. snriniMnir uurely frorr
he cho ce of ihe p"ople themselves U
share the blessing of our union lh
history of Ihe world may ba challenged
to furnisb a parallel.
i he juriadiction of the United Slate
which at the formation of the constitu
tion was bounded by the St. M-ry's on
the Atlantic, his passed ihe Capes of
Florida, and been peacefully extended
to Ihe Del Norte. In contemplat
ing the grandeur ofthis event it is not
to be forgotten that Ihe result was a-
chieved in despite of the diplomatic in-
terlerencs ot Jiiuronean monarchies.
bven t ranee the country which had
been our ancient ally -he country
which has a common interest wiih us in
maintaining the freedom of the seas
(he country which, by the cession of
i"uniana, first opened to us ascess lo
the Gulf of Mexico the country with
vhich we have been eveiy year dra w
ing more and more closely Ihe bonds
of successful commerce most unex
pectedly, and lo our unfeigned regret
took part in an effjrl to prevent annex
ion, and to impose on Texas, as a con
lition of ihe recognition of her inde
pendence by Mexico, that she would
lever join herself to the United Slates.
We may rejoice lhat the tranquil and
;)irvailing ii.fl lence of the American
itinciple of self government was snffi-
.:ient to defeat the purposes of Hiitisl,
ind french interference, and that th
ilmost unanimous voice of the people of
P-.. . - i. . .1 . i.
i n given :o inai inierlerence
peaceful and effective rebuke. Fiom
this example, European give, nmenls
may learn how vain diplomaiic arts and
intrigues must ever prove upon this
continent, against that system of self-
government which seems natural lo our
soil, and which will ever resist foreign
mterterence.
Towards Texas, I do not doubt that
liberal and generous spirit will actuate Con
gress in all that concerns her interests and
prosperity, ai.d that she w ill never have
cause lo regret that she has united her 'lonr
star to our glorious constellation
I rsgret to inform you that our relation
with Mexico, eince your last session, have
not been of the amicable character which
it is our desiie to cultivate wiih all foreign
nations. On the sixth day of .March lust,
the Mexican Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipoteniiaiy lo the United
States made a formal protest, in the name
of his government, against the joint resolu
tion passed by Lourees, 'for the annexa
liiin of Texas lo Ihe tinned States,' which
lie chose to repaid as a violation of tin
rights of Mexico, and consequence of ii,
oe demaneed his passports. Ha was in
formed that the government of the United
Mates did not consider this joint resolution
is a violation of any of the rights of Mexim
r thai it afforded any j a i cause of ofTenn
io his government' that the re public of 7 ex
as was an independent power, owing n
allegiance to Mexico, and constituting in
nari of her territory or rightful sovereign))
mil jurisdiction.
He was also assured lhat it was the sin
ceie desire of ibis government to rnaintaii
with lhat of Mexico relations of peire anil
good understanding. That functionary,
however, notwithstanding these representa-
states. Thus, by ihe acts of Mexico,
d ni!1,i(. inlt;miur!(, between the
a
two
,.,,,,. was gu,prn(ed.
Since that lime Mexico has, until re
,-t?nvly . orcoiied an attitude of linstihty lo-
warns me jniieu Mates lias been mar
shalling anil organizing armies, iss'rni
I 1 1 T It . .
proulainidtlons, and avowing the intention!
Ian ii V I uHi wk .Ti limn mi i ISujmi .u i uiMu.!i '-
- 0 make war on the Uu.le.l States, e.
... ... : . I
IL.. . nm hit invuilinv
ojr au upon uitui wiii
I'eias. n.ith the Comrress and Conven
tion of the people of Texas invited this
(invernment to aem an armv into thai ter
rilorv, to protect and defend them sgsinst
the menaced Hitark. The moment ihe
terms of annexation offered by the United limited io eighteen months, at the expira
States were accepted by Texas, the latter tton of which they bad adjudicated and de
became so far a part ol our own country, cided claims amounting two millions trnen
is to make Hour du'y to atloru such pro
tfclion and defence.
I therefore deemed it proper, as a pre-
cautionary measure, to oruer a sirong ment, leaving a large amount oi cuius un
squadron lo ihe coasts of Mexico, and loldecidod. Of the latter, the American com
concenirate an efficient military lorre on mtsnoners had decided in lavour ol our rn
the wetttern frontier of Texas. Our army zens, claims amounting lo "nine huudiet!
was ordered lo take position in the conn- and Iwweuiy eight thousands six hundred
try between the Nueces and the Del Norttjand twenty seven dollais and eighty eighi
lid to repel any invasion ol Ihe I exaulcenls, which were tell unacted on by ilie
erntorv which might he attempted by tht
Vlexican forces. Oui squadron in the
ijulf vas nrdered t i co-opurate with the
trmy. But ihonnh our army and navy
were placed in a position to defend oui
iwn anil that of Texas, they were ordered
to commit no act of hostility against Mexi-
;o unless she declared war, or was herself
the aggressor by striking the first blow
t he result has been, that ...exico nas
iiade no aggressive movement, and our
nilitary and naval commanders have exe
uted their orders with such discretion that
lie neace of tho iwo republics has not been
isturbed.
Texas ha dficlared her independence,
and maintained it bv her arms for more
than nine years She has had an organt
zed government in successful operation
during lhat period. Her separate exis-
lence as an indcpendant biate.had been re-
cognized by the United fetates and the
principal powers of Europe Treaties of
commerce and nvi?rtion had been conclu
ded with her by different nations, and it
had become manifest lo Ihe whole wotld
that any further attempt on the pari of
Mexico to conquer hero ro verlhrow her gov-
ernment, would be val n- r-ven niexiro
:.. mm-
herself had become satisfied to this fact,
and nhi.st the q nestion of annexation was
lending before the people of Texas, during
the past summer, the government of Mexi
co, by a formal an. agreed to recognize itie
independence of Texas, on condition that
she would not annex herself to any oiner
pnwer. The agreement lo acknowledge
the independence of Texas, whether will
or without this condition, is c inclusivi
igaiiut Mexico. The independence ot
7'exas is a fact conceded by Mexico her-
self, and ahe had no right or authority i
prescribe restriction to the form of go
ernmenl which 'lexas mighl aticrward-
Iinnss to assume.
But though Mexico cannot complain n
he United States on account" uf the annex- fered gieat losses, and some of whom luvt
ition ol Texas, it is to be regretted that been reduced from affluence to bankruptcy
-ierious causes of misunilhrslanning between ire without remedy, unless their rights b
the two countries continue to exist, grow onforeed bj their governmpnt. Such n enn
mg nut of unredressed injuries inflicted by tinned anil unprovoked series of wrong
the Msxican athorities and people on the could never have been tolerated by the U
persons and property o( citizens of the nited Stales, had they been committed by
United Stales, lhro'uh a long series oi nne of the principal nations of Europe
t ears- Mexico has admitted these injuries
hul has neolected and refused lo repair
them. Such was the character of the
wrongs, and such the instills repeatedly
offered lo Ameiican citizens and the Amer were early enlisted. The Untied .States
ican flag by Mexico, in palpable violation w ere the first lo recognize her independece
of the laws of nations and the treaty be and lo receive her into the family of nalions
twen the two countries of the fifth of A and have ever bepn desirous of cultiva
iril, 1831, that ihev luve been repeatedly ting with her a good understanding. We
hrnught to ihe notice of Congress by my
predecessors.
As earlv as the eighl of tehnary, 18J.
die President of the United .Viate declared
in a message to ihe Congress, lhat iht
length of time since some nf the injuries
have been enmmiied lbs ippeated and una
vailing applications foi redress, tho wanton
haracler of some ol the outiages upon itie
persons and pioperty of nur citizens, upon
ihe officers and flag nf the United Mates,
ndeper.dent of recent msnlts to this govern-
ment and people by ihe late Extraordinary
Mexican Miuisur, would jusufy in th ey p
if all nations immediate war.' He did nm
however, recommend an immediate resr
o this sxtreme measures, which he declar deemed it important lo pill an end, if po
d, 'should not be used by just and genet -ihle to this mate of things. With this
us nations, confiding in hei strength fm view, 1 caused steps lo be taken, in the
(juries committed, if it itao be honorabh month of September last, to ascertain dis
ivoidcd;' hut, in a spirit of forhearancs tinclly, and in an authentic form, what the
imposed that another demand he made m designs of the Mexican government were
Mexico for thai redress which hu J been su whether it was their intention to declare war
lourr and unjustly withheld.
In these views committees of the two
Houses of Congress, in reports made In
neir respective bodies, concurred. Since
these procedings more Ui.n eight years hav
alapsed, dunng which, in addition to Hie
wrongs then complained of, others of an
aggravated character have been committed
on the person and properly nf mil citizens.
A special agtnl wn ssnt to Mexico in the
iuniiirnt issn, wun i u I Huihority to
nake another and final (Uniaud foi redress
I he deintnd was mdc, the Mexican gov
vrnmenl promineil to the wrongs of which
,v corapiaincil; anil alter much dolav.
rety nf .nJeintnty with that view was con-
.!.,.', I l.ni..,.,.in K Ii ,i..
leveiilh of April, 183'J and was buly ratified
.1.1 ivvj ui in,. nu I uwc 1 UI1 Ilin e
IA. SATURUAV. SIKCKMIIKll
-uiAJ -I-'
ier oy noin governments.
L I . . L . . .
-
- created lo abjudicate and deride on the
K it llni lrulv i.unl nnmmiiAinn ton
claims of American c tizens on ihe govern
ment ol Alextco Ihe commission was
nrginizetf at Washington on the twenty
In in dav of August. 1810. I hen time was
IV six thousand ami thirty nine dollars anil
sixty eight cents in lavor oi citizens ol the
United States ngainsi ihe Mexican govern
(umpire authorized by the irea'y. Mil; lur-
ther claims, amounting to bet ween three and
four millions nf dollars, were submitted to
the board loo hit to he considered, and
were left undisp.iss I of.
jflie sum of two millions twenty six
thousand one hundred and thirty nine lo
Mars and sixty eight cents, decided by the
bna:d, was a liquidated and ascertained debt
due oy Mexico to the olannants, anu mere
wus no justifiable reason for delaying its
paymeni according to the terms ol the trca-
ly. It was not however, paid Mexic
applied for further indulgence; and in tlu
spirit of liberality and Inrbeaiance wn en na
ever marked the pjlicy of the UailsdiMate
towards that republic, the request was gran
ted; and on the 30ih of January, IblJ, i
new treaty was cocluded.
By this treaty it was provided, thai tin
interest due on the awards r lavor oi ciai
mants under ihe convention oi the en ven i
of A prii, 1836, should be paid on the ihir
tieth of April, 113; and that 'the princ ipal
of the said awards, and the interest aristnu
thcron shall be paid in five years, in eaqual
irstalmens every three month: the said lorm
of five years lo commence on Ihe tnirtieti
It i . I aja l.l C - I
day oi April, anu iai3, anu mreo nri m
of the twenty instalments remain unpaid,
seven of which are now due.
The claims which were left undecided by
Ithe joint commissions, amounting la more
man throe millions ol dollars, together who
(other claims for spoliations on ihe property
our citizens, were so tar rccognizeu.
that a treaty, providing foi their examina
lion anil settlements by a joinr commission
was concluded and signed at Mexico on
twentieth day ol November, 1813. This
treaty was ratified by the Uuited States
with certain amendments, to which no jus
exception could have 6een taken; but it ha-
not yei received the ratification ol tho Alex
ican government.
n iie mean time our citizens, who -suf-
Vkxico wa, however, a neigboring sister
republic, which following our rxnmplfl, had
nehieved her indepennence, and for whoso
success and properity all our symph.ithies
have, thereforo, borne tho repeated wrongs
"lie has continued, with great patience, in
hope thai a returning sonse nl justice wouui
nlattimely guide her eouncils, and that we
miht, if possible, houorably avoid any
hostile collision with her.
Without ihe previous authority of Con-
gross, ilia Executive possessed no power lo
hdopt or enforce adequate remtdies (or tue
injuries we had Buflcmd, or to do more than
bo prepared to repell the thresieneil aggros
sion on ihe pari ol Mexico. Alter our ar
my ami Navy had reraiinod on the frontici
md coasts of .Mexico tor many weeks,
without auy hoslile movement on her pan
though her menaces were continued. I
r invade Texas, or whether they were dis-
iosed to adjust and settts, in an amicanie
manner the pending difference botween ihe
two countries
O.i the ninth nf Nnvember an official
answer was rnr.eivre that the Mexican go
eminent consented to renew ihe diplomatic
rela ions which had bBtii nuspeii'led in
M iroli last, and for that purpose wets will
ing to accredit a ininisier Iro n the United
Simed, Wiih a sincere desire to pieberve
paace, ami restore relations of good under
standing between the two republics, I waiv
ed all ceremony as m the maner of renew
in" diplomatic; intercourse; between lliem
and assuming the initiative, on the tenth
'nl' ,ii amlii' r n i! I I i ii im : c hi I r-iti7pr, i,f t.i.lll
sia'U was apointed Envoy Extmordin ry
r "
gd Minister I'lenipofnti .ry i Mixt-o
clothed wiih lull powers lo adjust, and ),
finitivly seule, all pending difte.en es be
iween ihe two coun.ries, nn-lnding ihoe ,.
boundary between .17. xico and ihe S ate o
I ex f
'11. a rrx inijlm n n .!..... I L
un iiiiuiivri ill, FMllll-ll II In ie Oil I in
his mission and is prohiblv bv this tun
near t.ie Mexican capital, lie. has been in
structed io bring the negniniion wiih whirl
de is charged to a coni-lu.ii.m hi the earli
est practicable period, which it is expected
win ne time to enanic me to coiuiiiunic id
the result lo Congress during the presen
session. Until lhat remili i known, I lor
bear to recommend l"('ongree such nlicrim
measure of redress foi ihe wrongs and in
juries we have so long home as it wouhl
have been proper lo make had not sue
negotiation been instituted.
Congress apprnnialed, at the last sessim
the sum ol w0 hundred and seventy fiv
thousand dollars for ihe payment nf the A
pril and July instalments of the Mexican in
lemnities for the year 1811: M'rovided
-nan ne ascertained lo ihe satisjactiiin n'
the American govermenl thai said instal
ments have been paid by ihe Mexican pt
erument to the agent appointed bv the V
states to roccive ihe same in such m-inno
as to discharge all claim on the Mexican
government, and said agenl to be delinquei.
nutting the money lo the Uni.'ei
Slatf s.
The unsettled state nf nur relations will
Mexico has been involved this subject in
much mysery. The first infoiination, in an
authentic form, from the arjent of he United
States, appoinlpd under the admisiration r.t
nv ore depsanr wna recpivnd al ilio Xta!:
Department on tho ninihof November last
I'his is contained in a lutter dated the seven
refinth of October, aildiessed by hi.n to ont
of our citizens than in Mexico, with ih
view of having it communicated to that di
partmcnt. From this ii appuais that the
agent on the twentieth of September, 1 3 II
(jave a receipt to the treasure of Mexico fo
the amount of the April anil July ins i
ments of tho indemnity.
In Ihe same communication, however.
he asserts that he had not received a sin
ife dollar in cash , but that he hold-
such securities as warranted him at th
'imeof giving the receipt, and entertain
no doubt but that he will eventually ob-
'ain the m mey. Iheso instaltnent-
ppcar never to have been actually paid
by the government of jl xico to th
cent, and as that oovernment has not
therefore been released so as lo dticliarg
tho claim, I do not feel myself warranted
n directing navment lo be madi Hi'
claimants out of the treasury withoti
finher leeislation. Their case is un
loubtedly on of much hardship; and i
remains for Conges to decide whelhei
any and what relief ought to be granie
them. Our minister to Mexico has bee
instructed to ascertain the facts of Ih
case from the Mexican Government in ai
authentic ind ofli-jial for n, anil tepoi'
the result with as little del a v as porsible
My attention was eat ly directed to th
negotiation which on ilie 4th of Mircb
last, I foil si I pending al Washington be
tween the United States and Great I5ii
tain on the subject of the Oregon lni-
tory. 1 hree several attempts had been
nreviously made to seUle the question
in dispute between the two coun'ries.bt
negotiation, upon the principles of com
promise; but each had proved unsut'eess
ful.
These negotiations took place at Lou
don in the vear.r ISIS, and IS.'U;
'he Iwo fust under ttfo "administration
Mr. Monroe, and 1 he last under that oi
Mr. Adam.?- The nogolUtion of 1 S 1 !-
having failed to accomplish its object. i
refilled in the convention of ihe 20th o
f)ciober of lhat year. II y ihe 3.1 ariicl-
of that convention it was agreed, tin
any country dial may be claimed by ei
ther parly on the norihwnst coast of A
meiira, westward of the Stony Moun
tains, shall, toneiher with its haibor.
hays and creeks, and the navigition ol
VI the livers within the same, be fre
and open for Ihe term of 10 years fiom
he date of the signatures ot the piesen'
convention, to the vessel, citizens am
subjects of Ihe two lJoveis, il beiiii
well understood thai ibis ng'eement i
not to the prejudice of any claim vvhic
ilher of the two high conn cling par tio
may have to any part of the said country
nor shall it be u!;n to effect the claims
if any other Power or Sta e to any part
if said countiy ; tr e only ooject ol ttu
high contracting parties in that respect
being, to prevent (liflciences and dil
utes a iv) o ii llienivelvrs.
Tho negotiation i f 1S21 was produc
live of ro result, anil the ronvenl'on 1 1
JSlSwssifft iincrir.nsed.
The nPf-Caicn rf 1 SSChpv'nj: alsn f
. . n ' .
ft,l In sllarf n
pdinsmn bv rom
J.
, iiise, i su7 (! in the conveninn of ho
ih of Auii-. S'.7, by which i was
lireed . C'tKinUd In fuice.f r an nnl fi
7e piioil,iie provihions of lie 3 I a.i
le of he coiivenioii nf ne 2Utn ol 0
oh.-i. 1818; and . we Iniher pniviil.,1
'ml (I .-lull be cnmpi-i , huwve,
it! of lie Co n i oi I ,iv pai li , in cos
either should liinlf. fi, .,( any mie r
If? 30n of ()7oher, S2ii,' on givi
lue totice ol 12 mon'.t in tie ; t.r con
railing paty,'o annul anj abm.f li's
con ven lion : ami 7 -ihiil!. in ucli c,ic. -.
ntltly aiiniilled ann abifgnid iil'.r
lie expira oi. of said , rm (,f nnic-.
In ihe.-e nilcinils to adjust tho coiurn
versy, ilie p.nllcl of ihe Iniivh, h r!eer-
il north latitude, had been i.U'rud lr ' n
United Stales to ('.'real l!ii!:,in. ni'.d in
hose nf I S 1 8 and 1 S'0. wiilm fitther c-n
ession of the five n.ivigMtinn nf ihe Coliiui
hin river south of that latitude. The par
dh-l of ihe forty ninth tliprip, fiom ide
Hoeky mountnins lo its interm-cumi ii'i
the iiorlheafMcinmcst blanch nl the Cnlmii
)ia, and thence down the channel nf ii,i
nver lo ihe sea, had been nflcn d iv- (Jn-at
Itniiao, nn addition of a sin ill di tai linl u r
itory north of ihe Columbia, lln i f
hese propnsiions liad bce.i r-jec.Vd b t u
par'ica rcspcrivcly.
In October, 1813, the r.ti'nv Hxtranr
linary and Minister I'leripnleir.i-rv nl the
United Slates in London wi-s ni Lri-z- .1
( make a sinilai ofT. r to ilm-e i rule m
ioia !nu ifj'o. 1 tin" stood Ilie cjne-ipoi,,
when ihe negotiation was H.'niii't altervi.mls
transferred to Washington, s'ud. on il,? vt
, LI i r I . , . . i
of August, 1911, was fotm;.lly onem-d, mi
hit me direction ot my iniincdi : preitii
eesnr. Like all the previous itctjoiiatioM",
il was based upon princples nl i-ninpro
'iiise,' and l!m avowed purpose nl' the p r
lion was, 'lo tctf of he respective claims
of he tw o counri s to Ihe Oregon crio
ry. wih a view (n csablilieil ;i p-rm-inen
boundary between hem we- aid of 5n
Uoeky mountains to the I'sietiii ocean
Accordingly, un Iie2(ihn( Anius, 8ft
l.l i .. r
he I'riish Plenipoeniar) nil' red o iln ji!n
'he Oregon crrioiy bv he l'.)!i parallel nf
torh l iitllile, iron) the l,i kv inotnilains
to the poinl of its intHrsec.'inu nh t!m
lortheasternrnnst branch of lie C-iiIiumIm.i
iver, and hence down ha river ne
sea leaving ihe free navigation t ' the ri i r
'o he eupiyeu in cominon ny iio'ti parm s
the country south of this line to helm r
ii the United Stales, am! thai notli ol it
(Jrnai Hriain. At he same tine, he pn -losed,
in addiiou, lo yirld M t'.e Uo d
I:ibs p tleticlied ternory. norli ol tin
oilumbin, extending alnnij ,!ie I' M ific .
lie Sirads of Fuea, from IJulfini I '.-t lit-i lior
uelusie, to Hood's canttl a.-d to make fn e
'o the Uiiitr'd utiles any pmt or poits sm.t i
f latitude 49 degrees; wl i'-ii they mMt t
lesirc, either on the main land, or on ti'ia
Ira and Vancouver's island.
Wili lie rxcepion of the free porN.
his was he same od'er winch lia.l be. ii
n n!e by the ISriish. and n j -i-tcd 1 lue A
mi rie in goverumen in he m-in iauni of
Tliis proposiion w n or. m).m I v i-
jecud by he American p'.cnip.ieiiiai y nn
he day i was submiZed. This was
inlv proposiion of ompiuini.se oil. red y
by he Hiiish. The pioposii ni cn ne
iar of (Ires Itriain having I i r j - - s -
he liiiish Plenipneiiiary ieii. ((! hal
proposal should be nia.!i! I,v IT .
Sae fur 'an equitable ailjusiiin ol .
queion
vhi'ii I came into ohV'e, I fniin-l 'n
he he sj'h of he "i tt on. Thmn t
noramii):; he scili if ennv iction tin'
?ritis!i preteusious of tide I
naintaiiicd to miv pnition .if i ' (tit ; .
territory upon any prim I p.. ih- ; '
rec-oirni.i'il U : ;i i io i e,. .i . v-r .
vital had been done ;,v v.i . "
nd especially inc,i:iiilcr it,' t!. t i' p -i
linns nf compromise h h! It, i ii tl iii -e mi'ile
two piece .1112 (.,nilil-lr iiioiih, in a jo.st
he oiiestioii on ilie naraleil nl' it) dcyiee.
and in two of them ieldms to 0 real llii
ain if iff free navi;ition ol lliet 'olain'ita a n
dial lite pendirc negotiation ban i.ren com
'lieiifedon the basis of pompromie i deem
eit ii to L-e my ti i : i v no iioruiiiiv o uiuuit
oir.
In con aileralion.too, tlitit 'iinlcr the enliven;!. ois
of I Nl 9 and lJ? the citizens all, I mli.c ts i,f tl'O
Iwn I'liwcrs held a joint occUiain') r,f ilie coantty
was imhiccil to make unnllier ellint to settle tlio
Inner irniliit'4 conlrovert-y in tin- .- iiit nl nio.lci a
i ion which had ljim-ii liiilli to I lie reneweit i''m us
iiin. A pri)iii.-inn was at i iiiiIiiihI) in ale, uliii Ii
was leju teil liy the t'aliich 'leni'otciiliurv, w Im
without .--u'.iinittin',' mi) nlher )irnuHilinn Milli-ieil
tlio r.egntialiini nn Ida j. irl lo Jinji, i aei.-'ni; Ids
lrut t'lat lite I'liilul -Mates wnnlil nll'er what he
called ' n'.i.e luillit r priiios'i!s fur tin- selilcini lit nf
tlip Onatiii) ittitbtinn innie ciinar'eiit Willi iairncss
anil Z'iiiiv, anil with tin- ei iiiuil
!e e i i'UI. .'IIS
li ii I Ii 1 1' pe ll
'.rn nl' Ilie ill
tun rci-eeniuiJ
-in" to i-mii'ii-
it I In- 11. It:. Ii fi il n.-1 tt .
'I'l.u I't.ip.Mlioll t'f'- el', i ! an. I
il ilie ( Pier nf rlie '.n:i'e!i nl l!) ill
lalitmle' v.liicli li:il '.e-n nanle I'V
fiihniiiistr it o-:
illll'lll pii'l i