Mn- Buchanan s Spkech- Wo iiaVe re
reived and liuendtu presenting to our res
ders at tin early day, tlio able speech dcliv
rred by Mr. Buchanan, in the Senate on
the United states, on the Oth mst. in op
position to a bill to provide further remedial
jitsiicc in mil- uuiirm 111 iiib unueu states.
! - .1.- . C ... I r. .
l'rrvatc letters trom Washington assure
lis thai men of all parties unite in-acknowl
edging this speech to be the tiolileii effort
f iis distinguished author, as -.veil as one
Df tho ablest constitutional arguments that
has ever been made In cither hotiso of
Congress' Tire publicjournats ennccur in
this opinion, and every reader will, after
perusing it pronounco these judgments just
1 lie Senator Irom rsnnsylvnnia Occu
pits a distinguished and enviable position
nt Washington. Regarded, on all hands
ss one of the most eminent statesman of the
ualionithe efforts of his gigantic mind meal
ways directed towards the maintenance
f
sound principles and the support of tha
constitution which has been well described
ns tho 'shept anchor ofotir national liber
tics." Endued with a patriotism that none
can question, and powers of argument
which force conviction upon every mind, he
exercises an immense innuence upon tne
deliberations of the body to winch he be
longs, and is esteemed, throughout the Un
ion as a champion under whoso guardian
snip the constitution, mat sacred trust, is
safe from innovariou.and violence.
Pennsylvania has reason to be proud of
fiurh a son. His fame is worthy of her
his devotion to principle is like her own
unquestionable. In a body like tho Senate
of the United State-whero tho noblest
spirits of the'land nreeongrejrated.aud where
nuno but the eminently gifted find a place
he wliose abilities rentier linn conspie
tious must, indeed, he a "shining light.'
Such is James Buchanan, and it is right
that the voice of a state like Pennsylvania
should be heard through such represents
live; right that the influence of a common'
wealthwhose geographical -posnion makes
her' the 'tlveystonejof the arch," should be
felt through one who rinks second to none
m a body -where ail are great.
But elevated asAr. 'Buchanan's position
may bo at present, "the end is not yet."
His fellow citizens of Pennsylvania are anr
ious to bestow a higher and distinguished
honor upon him and by asking his election
to the Presidency tn 1844, once assert tho
rightful claims of their stale, attest tho ful
ness of their confidence in his integrity and
patriotism and give to tho nation a chief
magistrate who will be "honest, capable
and faithful to the'constitution.' There ii
no division Dpsemlmem-un Hits point a
raong the mass of our 'democracy. Tim
feeblest attempt which a few designing per
sons recently made to create a feeling in fa
vor of anolher.met no answering voice fiom
the people of 'tho state County after
county has declared. its preference, and the
voico of oach has been for PENNSYLVA
NIA and BUCHANAN. The tide is
swelling onward, gathering force us it pro
grpscess and it is hazarding nothing to pre
dict, that when the lime for a State Conven
tion to assemble shall arrive, that body will
speak the preference of Pennsylvania as
the-voice of one man.
That the decision of aNdtionalConvention
will ratify the choice of Pennsylvania, who
can doubt? All recognize the justice of
her claims, and acknowledge bet import
-lance as an integral part of the Union
Hitherto she has been content to assist in
heaping honors upon her sister states sa
tisfied to labor for the triumph of tho great
ci;use of democracy, unrewarded, save by
'the consciousness of having1 faithfully per
formed her duty. Now she asks that those
'whom shohas so often served shall exercise
a like "generous confidence" in her behalf,
whilst she presents to their consideration
j-and suppoit a son who she delights to lion
'jnr.and who is eminently worthy of the
.-"highest distinction that the country can con
fer upon htm. Will her claims be disre
garded? Never. Ths favorite of Penn
sylvania will be the choice of the National
Convention, and the nomination of James
Buchanan for the presidency, be the pre
lude to one of the nobUst triumphs that has
&eer crowned "the efforts -of the democracy
Ijofthe Union. Ttejiorler.
From tho Gcttys burg Compiler.
JAMES BUCHANAN-
Our readers will perceive that wo this
Vf ek have placed the name of this distin
guished statesman at the head of our col
'limns, as the next -Democratic candidate
.i for President of the United States. We
hive, nn former oecusinnn. rfifprrnil In this
Jiiubjert; and though we have long enter-
lined the opinion that the claims of Penn
rhania to that high station, stand first on
he list of Stales, we did not deem it ex
pedient sooner to thus publicly declare oar
neiiuriiciu- uui buuiiik an iiaris oi our own
State, and in some places in othere States
of the. Union, many of 'ho members of the
Democratic pnrty making known thier pre
jferenee. for -Pennsylvania's favorite son'and
.ruhiK-ly expressing their wish that he may
I ewe moire oi the Democratic National
Jrinvpntton- Wd havo never desired to
(HriRlft to anv ontvnor are we willing to
nubmit to the'wnrr's-of any inamer.'without
8ot do violence to our own opinions. In
Ae orient instance we have no other
4
object In view than the welfare of country,
men, who aro now compelled to witness
the General Government conducted under
the auRpices of the opponents of Democracy
ti rescue the afiairs of the nation from
such hands and place them in tho hands of
chief magistrate selected by the 'sober sec
ond mougni oi tne people: And in look
lug around us to find an individual who
would be the instrument, in tho hands of
the people for accomplishing these ends,
mm" no one in wnom we can more
fully confide, or who would bolter carry out
no iiiii:iiii.-ts ui uepuniican Nomocracy,
than our eminent serator.JAMES BUCH
I T 1 M tvi . . . . .
jitiin.inr) unprejuuiceu inuiviuual can
doubt Ins superior qualificalious for this
etaiionj though the highest in the country
and the most dignified and honorably in
the world- His engagements with the
first orators in the ranks of opposition, and
tho masterly manner in wiich he has so
often sustained tho principles advocated by
the Democratic parly against their attacks.
prove him to be possessed of high mental
powers, a master mind, a qua ihcation ore
eminently necessary to one who is chosen
iii mi iiib jaccuii.'c uuair. j up nnnor
n ..ii .1... I.' ri. t. ii i .
and dignity of our National Governme.it,
would not under Ins Adminialration.'be al
lowed to suffer, and we feel confident that
tho people of the United Slates will never
be compelled to bo witnesses to anv such
degrading actions, should be ever be enlrus
ted with Government, as has characterized
the administration sinco it fell into the
hands of the federalists. Our lights would
not be yielded; or our honor allowed to lm
assaulted, without a firm and decisive resit
ihuuu iu uvcry encioacnment. and t ie most
energetic demands for full reparation for
every injury sustained.
Aside from ihe hiah individual oualifina-
uons oi sir. JiuciiANANi the Democracy
oi ne union owe it to their fellow cili
i . i. t, . . . . - .. .
zens oi tho Keystone Btate, to allow her
the privilege of naming to them a candidate
for the Presidency. Again and again has
t ennsylvania yielded to tho desires of her
sisier states assisted to elevate the disiin
finished sons of the other portions of the
Union to the highest stations known to mir
laws met the chosen forces of the eiiGniv
and compelled them to retire from the con-
met with defeat hanging over them, while
victory was proclaimed aloud from Hie
battlements of Democracy and yet she
has never been honored by tho solection of
one of hcrowr. citizens to fill the office of
1 residant or Vice President- Such beimr
the ease, will or can the nrivilerre !inw bi?
denied, when she points to one of her dis
linguished citizens and asks that ha mav be
chosen as the next candidate for the Ex
ecutive Chair? We hone her reauest will
ot now be refused, but that insiiro will hn
liana tttfU3rtinraxS,npu-ltr-i tuco vnlCll
she has such an undoubted right to
make.
With those who prefer another person
than Mr. Buchanan for the next Democratic
andidale. we wish not to find fault. We
laim for oursolvos1 the privilege of enter
taining and expressing freely such opinions
as wo believe to be correct;' Jand claiming
this privilege, wo are ever readv lo ac-
nowledge it in others. A National Con
vention, wo doubt not, will reconcile all
ifnculties, and as we have heretofore statod
houhl the choice of such Convention fall
pon Ool. Benton, the gallent Johnson or
any other distinguished Democrat, none
will join more readily in his support than
we will, but until such choice is made our
banner shall bear aloft tho name of JAMES
BUCHANAN as the next Democratic can
didate for President-
Rhode Island. The annexed article
from the New York Sun, an independent
aper, gives what we belive to be a correct
ccnunl of the actual position of affairs in
Uhndo Island:
We have at length received information
regard to the transaction of her last
week which can be fully and implicitly
relied upon. We have before us a state
ments of facts elicited by a minute and
thorough investigation made upon the
round, derived fiom sources which forbid
the idea that there can beany mistake about
them. But we have no room to enter into
details. Suflico it to say they do not mar
terially c mtradiet any of the" facts stated
hy us un Saturday; but we regret that they
matte some additions to those Tacts which
are alike painful and disgraceful, and which
will in all probability produce less fortunate
results than we anticipated.
It is true that the people were most
solemnly and repeatedly assured that a com
promise had been agreed upon securing lo
them subslanstially every hing that they
had contended for. But wc aro compelled
to add, and wo do it with sorrow at the
weakness and shamefully treacherous and
false. They were made principally by
Burrington Anthony, who had been foTO
most in the suffrage cause, who had ac
crpted the office of Sheriff under the con
stitution, who had voluntarily opened his
hnuso to he tho homo and head quarters of
GovDnrr, but who in the hour of trial be
trayed both his guest and the people
In this piece of treachery, which has not
one parallel in our history, he was aided
by sojne half a dozen others in whom the
people had confided as leaders, and whose
pusillanimity is a disgrace tu human nature
The result is the complete ruin of tho suf
frage cuinethe overthrow of ihe constin
tion the restoration of the King and hi
charter the subjecting of a betrayed and
insulted people to tho taunts, jeeis and
contumely, heaped upon thein by thoir
triumphant and insolent opponents, ut
lor an mis, lithe people remains true to
themselves, a day of reckoning and righ
leous retribution will surely come.
Uur readers will bo amused lo hear that
to such an extent Was this dasterdly decep
mm uarreu, mai ine people were actually
told when Gov, Kine approached them.
that he was coming solely for the purpose
of assuring them in person of the terms of
compromise agreed upon. Under this
beliel they promptly and voluntarily onened
a passage for him, and even cheered him as
ho passed. Such tricks are the resorts
knaves and cowards. If the people
Khode Island submit lo them, thev will
show the whole world that they aro justly
deprived of the right of suffrage becailse
inoy are not lit lo enjoy it,
CITY AND COUNTRY BANKS-TIIE
DIFFERENCE.
For a number of years past, tho Country
Banks have had large amuontsjof money de.
I'usitcu ui i.iu insiiiuiions lor ihe ptir-
jiuso in redeeming uieir notes when present
.,,1 !. ni . i .'.
v-u mum. i nvau auioums varieu irom m
aggregato, from one half lo one, and ever
two millions of dollars; this sum was gen
erally ihe amount of the trade against Phil
adclphia From a want of concert of ac
tion in the Country banks; the Cily
uaiihs were anovveu to exnet an enor
iiiuus iriuuio in ine shapo ot interest
from their deposites, and ihe Philadelphia
notes were received at par, when the bal
ances wore heavily against them. A fev
months since, when all the City Banks were
considered as tottering, the Country Banks
deeming their money unsafe in thair hands
withdrew in Philadelphia, and loaned it a-
way on indiviual security. Several of
thoso who still nlacod confiilenpp in ilm
Banks wiih whom thev deposited, left iheir
amounts with them, and the
was ihey met with very severe Inssps.
Those who withdrew their balance were
unable lo collect the sums due them at a
very short notice, and their notes became
depreciated- A very fair instance of ihe
difference between country and city policy
can be given in the case of Miners'Bank of
Puttsvile. liast suinnler, when tho coal
trade was in full tide, the balances this In
stitution held in Philadelphia became so
very large as to compel them to refuse to col
lect. The consequence was, Philadelphia
notes flowed into the Coal region. At ores
cnt, when the balances are a few thousands
arainst Poltsville, the Philadelphia Banks
mid Brokers combined, arc using their ut
most endoavnrs to deppeciate the notes of
the Pottsvile hank; and as a means of ob
taining their ends, have caused lu inlerscs-
Ufii. f-r-l .. uLiimio-i witr -vr win i vr
the Bank in the money article of the Phila
delphia Ledger. We think that the coun
try banks will find it to their benefits as
well as policy hereafter to withdraw all
their deposites from the city, and when the
balance against the cily becomes as usal, it
will cause a retaliatory depreciation of their
notes. A strong disposition is now mani
festing itself among the bank and business
community of the country to resist the im
position practised upon them by the I'hila-
delphlas and if a eonceri of action is a
dopted it must prove successful. licud Ga
ittlte.
The following curious calculations res-
pCCtiiig'ihe coat of a yard of cotton cloth
llldue in kjavunuii ucijlgiaili
We seldom reflect how much real labor
even ihs coininonarticle of use require-For
example before we can get one yard of
common cotton cloth, he seod must be
sown, the plant cultivated, the ball picked.
the rough cotton ginned, the ginned cotton
packed and transported tu the merchai
from the merchant it is stowed on ship
board, then perforins a voyage at sea, then
is transferred lo the manufactory, then spun
then woven, then packed, reshipped and
sold in our markets. Each of these parlic
ticnlais processess involves lediuos and in
tricate labor, and could we follow out this
abor, into all its rauifications, wo should
find that a singlo yard of cotton, which can
be bought for twelve cents, requires ihe la
bor of more than eight months, and the op-
peration ol almost nn army oi hands.
The apparently simple ptocess ol weav-
ng by pieces, not of manual labor merely
but of entire bodily service; for according to
some curious, but authentic calculations, it
has been proved thai, to weave a piece of
cloth 40 inches wide, and 1760 yards, one
mile long from which the operation receives
for his labour about S7, Ms feet travel(with
the xcAAoa) through a spaces vf nine
hundred miles, and his hands in picking
the shuttle travtl through a space of 2100
miles, i. e. the feet of the weaver, in woav
mg by the hand loom one yard of cotton,
travel through the'epaco ofOOO yards or over
half a mile: and his hands through a space
of 2107 yards, or aiout one mile and a
quarter.
Affiictinc- A gentleman passing by ihe
jail of a country town, heard one of the
prisoners through the grates of his cell,
singing in softest and most melodious tone
tha favoriw 6ong -'Homo, sweet home.'
His sympathies were verj much excited in
favor of the unfortunate tenant of the
dungeon, and upon inquiring the cause of
his incarceration, was informed that ho wis
put iu jail for beating Mi wife
"TIH7TH -WITHOUT EAIl "
SATUUDAV, JTVJVE 4, 1812,
FOR PRESIDENT,
JAMES
BUCHANAN.
( Subject to the decision of the Natiana
uonvcnlton.J
A tremendous riot Iroko out Ih New Orleans on
tho morning of the 20th ult,, caused by iho refusal
of the brokers to buy Municipality notes, which
were at a discount of from 25 to 40 per cent, tho
day previous. Wo gather from tho New Or
leans papers tho followins particulars. About
8 o'clock, on the morning of tho 20th, a crowd of
some thousand persons collected on the public
square. They were principally men who do busi-
ness in a small way nbout the lower markets
Frenchmen, Spaniards, Italians, ifc. After some
brief addresses from somo of thoso among them,
they proceeded to tho building in which aro the
Mayor's office and tho Treasury of tho First Muni
cipality. Here they becamo extremly clamorous,
and gave indications of their determination to out
rage both law and order. They were met by the
Mayor who assured them that all excitement and
apprehension about Municipality notes were ground-
less that the Municipalities would provide for tho
payment of them at par value, and ho therefore rc
quested ihem to disperse and go home.
1 his tint not satisfy them. Some ono in the
crowd cried out in French, 'down with the brokers,
down with the brokers!' which seemed to be a sig.
nal lor a general tubIi up Chartrcs street, On
reaching the'eorner of Camp and Cnnal strccts.they
simultaneously broke Into dnd commenced plunder-
ing four of Ihe exchange broker's offices located
there. Some appropriating to themselves tAe spoils
some breaking tne Counters and windows and dash
ing tho specie about all appearing inclined lo car
ry on and consummate tho work of destruction.
The orderly port on of tho citizens spontaneously
turned ou to tho rescue of property, and together
with the aid of tho police and several military
companiss succeeded in arresting the more daring
of the rioters, and restoring order in the course of
the same aiorning.
Awful Earthquake, Intelligence has
JieenjceivedJroinjhpislanilit-Sj n.
mingo, wind aiaies mai a snocKing earth
quake occurred on the Island on the 6th of
May. Cape Haytien was entirely de
stroyed. It contained about 15,000 iuhabi
tasis two-thirds of whom ire thought to be
dead, I
The approach of the cearthquaVe was
indicated in rort.au-Princu by great heat,
and heavy clouds that crowned thrAieigh-
boring hills, and lollowed the directUus of
the South West to the North-jEest.
iiii-iG hcic iwu auuuitB iii i uri.auJ rn(-Q
veiy distinctly felt, the first not so lonas
the second, which last continued about ihie
Pl.- l . . Tl , TV
minutes Every person srove lo get dj
i-ivci) pureon mruve lu gci oi i
of the houses, and streets were filled wit
the affrighted population. A little long
Hire?.
and Port.au-Prince would have been
lhe
theatre of a disaster similar lo that of 1770
of which disastrous years the remem
brance was rushing into all minds.
There is hardly a houso or a wall that
has not suffered a little. Some have be
come almost uninhabitable- The front of
the Senate House, were tho arms of the
Republic are sculptured, is detached and
broken. The interior was uninjured.
At Gonaivcs the shocks were yet more
serious. Tho greater part of tho houses
were overthrown. A fire broke out at the
same lime, and there was notadropnf
water in town- All the houses that were
not burnt suffered from the earthquake
The Church, the Prison, tho Palais Na.
tional, tho Treasury and Arsenal wero all
destroyed-
The town St. Nicholas and Port Paix
are also said to be destroyed, Other paris
of Ihe island had not been heard from when
Capt Mollis left; but if is conjectured that
all the lownt of the north are a mats of
rums-
Boundary Question. The Legistalure
of Maine, doth Houses, have passed 'Re
solves' which may lead to a speedy and
pacific Bfitllemant of the North Eastern
Bounday Question between Ihe U. S. Go
vernment and Great Britain.
The amount of raw silk which was
raised in the United State during the past
year, is estimated by tho Commissioners
Patent to bo about 30,000 pounds which,
at $5 per pound, the value which is placed
upon it, will make the sum of 8150,000.
Mu Si Ingram, Esq. has isiusj mvo
sals for publishing 6y subscription in V.
Borough ofHairisburg.a weekly paper to U
entitled THE WaIhINGTONIAN S
be devoted lo the cause of Temperance Mr
Mi favorably known over the State as nerr'
ous writer, and wo doubt not will ptovo i
powerful anxilliary in the glorious cause of
iimpeience.
The first number will be issued in th
course of a month at $2 per annum,thie8
copies 95, eeven copies S8, fifteon conle.
$20- v
THE MRTE ISSUE
Some of the most energetic of the J0m.
son press, abuse Mr .Buchanan, and laud
Mm Tyler for his democracy, They will
soon let tho cat out of the bag ifthey'don't
hush. The truo issue is, to kill off Mr;
Buchanan in order to secure a Viee Prrii'
dent from Pennsylvania. Vn know their
plans, and shall lay thi m befo-e the peopbj
in due time- They care nothing for Cnl
Johnson, and are merely using his name for
the purpose of catching the popular will
The people begin to understand their mov-
mcnts, and if they do not credit our aum.
tions.we adviso'lhem to altomptajnol her'de-
monstration' at this place. There will be
more than one 'apple-cart upset! if they d0
'l'l.!. !. i- ,1- . . .
nun uui ia iuu uimsy to caicn even ihe
unsuspecting. They see right through tho
veil, and they don't like the looks of the
False Jrophet. Gaz'.llc.
HANDY INVESTIGATION.
The Sergeant-at-Arms of the Senate, it
absent on a tour to subpmna a large nunder
of siilditonal witnesses to appear before tho
bribery committee of Investigation.
The Steamer Florida running between
Charleston and Savanah, sprung a leak on
Tuesday of last week, and soon put out the
liros. The boat sunk, and the crow and
passengers got off in her boats, with evr
losses of baggage, fec. She was partially
insured.
The present number of conviclc in the
Connelicut Stato Prision is 2 1 1 Profits of
the past year, 13,000, over and above tht
expense of tho Prison.
BUCHANAN GOING AHEAD.
I. is gratifying to all Pennsylvanias to
o wi.ii wnarrapmiiy the feeling,in favor
of jamks Buchanan is spreading- There
never was a namo before the people of thi,
"wruu,,t, ,ai unnea so unanimous
rnnnf in i'u l.i.ir t
a send
' "cuuii as uoes
namo of
James Jincli annn. 'Pl ... I
. u ,Illo,e uaioii ac
Knowledges h'ia sound democrat! :.,,.,.
and superior talents. Wo vefil ii:..
that of ihe DemocralicNaiionalOonvenions
were to meet lo morow. he would nlmn.t
raceive the nomination by acclamation.lt is
admitted on all hands, that Pennsylvani,
's justly entitled to the next candidate, and'
it is also generally admilted that hercandi
date is the strongest man that can h hrv.,
f I i. .i " '6"
-..y-iuuy wie Democratic narlv. 1.
parly. J,et
I ennsylvania' thcrcfi
ure, remain xirarlfmr .
Innil mnii lm. .. - .
. h ' v;,d"ns ine person of her fa
pnie son James Buchanan, as she has
nmcnced and is now doinir and her voica
I be respected. Every county in this
fononwealih is now firmly fixed for Mr.
fcjnan, and will remain so until the
2l0r-lhe Nalional cnvention. Thii
il" 'ion anJ unani310US sentiment of
ill FraCy 0f'0llJ Keyalone.'is cred
theveun0rab,B par'r T,,e raan
fcelpro5on0Ofwhom tUey Y weI1
true denX "Tf " held dear b mm
openFedeC"tlir,err0r 'I SC"Cl r
crstsofPent Pe"eVer' ,!,en' den10
Gas-
&uiiia, persevere-- at, cap
v.: - . JWrfe.-The A I-
JUHI 13 IIIC IlillilBI . , ,
building at Plynfep" ,J f " 8 "P-, T
commissioned imf13"11' ''
This ship is to ha'y.-f'fhinf.
ly eight pounders oVf" of S1f
thri.y-two pounders oVT" u
other deck, being the ll r
.... , ... . . , ...Set broadside of
any biiijj iiiuieno uum:
Attempt at Assassination-.
evening, at Washington Ciry?npSun.,Ia-V
tho sculptor.was entering hisl """j'
new Treasury bnilding, whera near ,h
in the habit for a short time pjUR
ing he was attacked by two indivv?
teelly dressed, and severely nijurtf V
was repeatedly stabbed by one of
sons, receiving one stab in the neTf"
hood of Oio abdomen, one in tlm lehr.
another in Iho right sido. Mr. P. wnjh
mediately placed under
medical can
but doubls are entertained
covery-
of his