THE
COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT.
1 haV SWOr" UI""1 lh0 Altar of Go cc"' Hostility to every form of Tyranny over the silud of Maii.Thomas Jefferson.
Volume BY.
OFFICE OF THE DEMOCRAT,
UrrosiTK St. Paul's Church, Main-st.
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LETTERS addressed on business, must
be post paid.
From the Maysvillc Sentinel.
ANSWER TO
'ZETKEZ, TO UWS TjOVJS LETTER."
Well Zeikel, I got that billy dux
You wrote tlio other day,
And sent to mo : but now, I snucks t
I hover mean to pay
Another single cent is cash,
(They chared for that sixpence !)
For any more of your sick trash, "
If you do ride the fence.
You told rae you had stained that sheet
With tears "now thaCs a lie !
'Twas either goose-oil or pigs feet,
Which from your hand did fry.
,1 guess if you had took some soap,
Ami Washed your fingers clean,.
You might have had some cause to hope
Their tracks would not been seen.! ,
You talk as if you .thought I'd care,
If' I should como along, -
And see you silling any where,
Just ready to bo hung.
Well that's the time that you gucscd right,
1 thank you Mister Town,
And I'd. assist to hang you quite,
Nor let you be " cut down,"
Till I was Euro that you was 'dead,
And never would revive :
I'd care that it should not be said
They buried you alive !
I'll tell you though, what I'd advise,
And what you had better Jo,
Just take a rag and wipe your eyes,
And dirty fingers loo :
Then comb your hair, and blow your nose,
Put on a shiit that's clean,
Best coat and trowsers, socks -and shoes,
Than take yeur hat and lean I
For Heaven knows, if you should stay
In Kabob all your life,
And hang yourself three times a-day,
You'd never get a wife !
JANE TRKEMAN.
Toddh am, March I, 1641.
poFi'Kva tub quEsrio.v.
I told her that her marble brow,
O'er which her auburn looks were straying,
Was like a drift of purest snow,
Where golden suuset rays are playing.
I told her that her soft biue eyes,
Would shame the brightest spheresoff leaven
That walks the chambers of the skies,
Upon a moonless cummer even.
I told her that her lips did seem
1ike cherries ripe with dew upon them,
With teeth like rows of pearl, between;
And that her breath shed fragrance on them.
I swore no summer cloud could vie,
In snowy whiteness with her bosom;
And that her cheek had stolen their dye
From the wild rose magnolia blossom.
" A ... I I 1l .1. I ......... I ii.m. 1. n. I .. r. .
jUt-. ... .
And pressed her small soft hand with fervor,
And asked her if. 'mid calm or storm,
Stfo would be mine, and mine forever !
And when I swore I'd keep my vows,
As true as rule, or squate; or plummet,
She placed her thumb upon her nose,
And squeal'd out;' Johnnysyou'can't come it.'
ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT TYLER
TO THE PEOPLE OF THE
UNITED STATES.
Fellow-Citizens : Before my arrival nt
the beat of Government he painful comma
nication was made to you by the officers
presiding over the. several Departments o
the deeply tegretted death of William Hen
ry Harrison, late President of the United
States. Upon him you had conferred you
suffrages for the first office in your gift, and
had selected him as your chosen instrument
to correct and reform all such errors and a
buses as had manifested themselves from
time to time in the practical operation of the
Government. While standing at the thresh-
hold of this great work, he has bv the dis-,
pensalion of an all wise Providence, been
removed from us, and by the provisions of
tl:o Constitution the efforts to be directed to
the accomplishing of this vitally important
lasic nayo devolved upon myself. Tin
same occurrence has subjected the wisdom
and sufficiency of our institutions to a new
lest. For the first timo in our history the
person elected ta the Vice Presidency of the
Untied Statcs.by the happening of a contin
geney provided for in the Constitunon, has
had devolved upon him the Presidential of
fice The spirit of faction.wlnch is direct
ly opposed to the spirit of a lofty patriotism
may find in this occasion for assaults upon
my administration. And in succeeding,
under circumstances so sudden and uncx
peeted,and to responsibilities so greatly aug
mcnled, to the administration of public af
fairs, I shall place in the intelligence and
patriotism of the People my only sure reli
ance. My earnest prayer shall be constant
ly addressed to the all-wise and all-power-
ful Being who made me.and bv whose dis
penaolion I pm calleOftf ine'lI1gn-6lffcC",6r
President of this Confederacy, understand
ingly to carry out the)principles of that Con
stitution which I have sworn "to protect
and defend."
The usual opportunity which is afforded
to the Chief Magistrate upon his induction
to office of presenting to his countrymen an
exposition of the policy which would guide
his administration the form of an iuaugu
ral address, not having under the peculiar
circumstances which have brought mo to the
.discharge of the high duties of the President
of the Uniled States, been afforded to mo, a
brief exposition of the principles which will
govern me in the general course of my ad
ministration of publib affairs would seem to
be due as well to myself as lo you. In re
gard to foreign nations, the groundwork of
my policy will be justice on our part to all,
submitting to injustice from none. While 1
shall seduously cultivate the relations of
peace and amity with one and all, it will be
my imperative duty to seo that the honor
of the country shall sustain no blemish.
With a view to this, the condition of our
military defences will become a matter of
anxious solicitude. The Army, which has
in other days covered itself with renown, and
the Navy, not inappropriately termed the
right arm of the public defence, which has
spread a light of glory over the American
standard in all the waters of the earth, should
be rendered replete with efficiency.
In view of the fact, well avouched by his
tory, thai the tendency of all human insti
tutions is to concentrate power in the hand
f a single man, & that their ultimate down
fall has proceeded from this cause, I deem
it cf the most essential importance that a
complete separation should take place be
tween the sword and the purse. No mat
ter where or how the public moneys shall
be deposited, so long as the president can
exert the power of appointing and removing,
at his pleasure, the agents selected fur their
custody, tho Commander-in-Chief of the
Army and Navy is in fact the Treasurer.
A permanent and radical change should
therefore be decreed. The patronage inci
dent to the Presidential office already great,
is constantly increasing. Such increase is
destined to keep pace with the growth ol
our population, until, -without a figure of
speech, an army of officeholders may' bo
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY II. WEBB.
OILUMBIA COUITY, PA. SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1841V
spread oVer tho land. Tho unrestrained
power exerted by a selfishly ambitious man,
in order either lo perpetuate his authority or
to Hand it over lo some favorite as his sue
ccssor, may lead to the employment of all
tho means within his control lo accomplish
his objecl. Tho right to remove from oflico
while subjected to uo just restraint, is incv
itably destined lo produce a spirit of crouch
ing servility with the official corps.which.in
order to uphold ilia hand which feeds them,
would lead to direct an aetivo interference
in the elections, both Stato and Federal,
thereby subjecting the course of Stato Wis
lation to the dictation of tho Chief Executive
Officer, and making the will of that officer
absolute and supremo.
I will, at a proper time, invoke the action
or Congress Upon this suVject, and shall
readily acquiesce in tho adoption of all
proper measures which are calculated to
arrest these evils, so full of danger in their
tendency. I will remove no incumbent
from office who has faithfully and honestly
acquitted himself of (he duties of the office,
except in such cases were such officer has
been guilty of an active partizanskip, or by
secret means the less manly, and there
fore the moro objectionable has given his
official influence to tho purposes of party,
thereby bringing the patronage of the Go
vernment in conflict with the freedom of
elections. Numerous removals may be
come necessary under this rule. These
will be made by me through no acerbity of
t i . ...
iceiing. i navo nau no causo to cherish or
indulge unkind feelings towards any, but
my conduct will be rega'ated by a profound
sense of what is due to the. country and its
institutions, nor shall I neglect to apply the
same unbending rule to those of my own
appointment. Freedom of opiuion will be
tolerated, the full enjoyment of the right of
oumugc win uc uiaiuiiiiiiea as wie uirilingnt
of every American citizen, but I say em
piatically to the official corps, "ihus far
and no fuither." 1 have dwelt the longer
upon this subject, because removals from
office arc likely often to arise, and I would
have my countrymen to understand the
principle of the Executivo action.
Iu all public expenditures the most rigid
economy should be restored to, and, as ono
of its results, a public debt in time of peace
bo sedulously avoided. A wise and patri
otic constituency will never object to the
imposition of necessary buidens for useful
ends; and true wisdom dictates the resort
to such means, in order to supply deficien
cies in the revenue, rather than to those
doubtful expedients which, ultimating in a
public debt, serve to embarrass the resour
ces of the country, and to lessen its ability
to meet any great, emergency which may
arise. All sinecures should bo abolished.
The appropriations should be direct and ex
plicit, so as to leave a limited share of dis
cretion to the disbursing agents as may be
found compatible with the public service.
A strict responsibility on tho part of all the
agents of the Government should be main
tained, and peculation or defalcation visited j
with immediate expulsion from office and
tho most condign punishment.
Tho public interest also demands that, if
any war has existed between the Govern
ment and the currency, it shall cease.
Measures of a financial character, now hav
ing tho sanction of legal enactment, shall be
faithfully enforced until repealed by the le
gislative authority. But I owe it to myself
lo declare that 1 regard existing enactments
as unwise and impolite, and in a high de.
gree oppressive. I shall promptly give my
sanction lo any constitutional measure
which, originating in Congress, shall have
for its object the restoration of a sound cir
culating medium, so essentially necessary
to give confidence in all the transactions of
ifo, to securo to industry its just and ade
quate rewards; end io re-establish tho pub
lic prosperity. In deciding upon tho adap
tion of any such measures to the end pro
posed, as well as its conformity to tho Con
stitution, I shall resort to the Fatheas of the
great Republican school for advico and in
struction, 5 to bo drawn for, their sage
yiews of our system of Government and,
tho light of their ever glorious exam-'
pie. J
Tho institutions under which we llve.ray
countrymen, secure each person in the per
fect enjoyment of all his rights. The spec
tacle is exhibited to the world of a Govern
ment deriving its powers from the consent
of the governed, and having imparted to it
only so much power as is necessary for its
successful' operation. Those who arc char
ged with its administration should carefully
abstain from all attempts lo enlarge the
rango of powers thus granted to the sereral
departments of the Government, other than
by rn appeal to tho People for additional
grants, lest by so doing they disturb that
balanco which the patriots and statesmen
who framed the Constitution designed to
establish between the Federal Government
and the States composing tho Union. The
observance of these rules is enjoined upon
us by- that feeling of reverence and affection
which finds a place in the heart of every
patriot for the preservation of union and the
blessings of union for the good of our
children and our" children's children.through
countless generations. An opposite course
could not fail to generate factionsintent up
on the gratification of their selfish ends; to
give bir(h to local and sectional jealousies,
and to ultimate either in breaking asunder
tho bonds of the union, or in building up a
central system, which would inevitably
end in a bloody sceptre and an iron crown..
In conclusion, I beg you to be assured
that I shall exert myself to carry tho fore
going principles into practice during my
administration of the Government, and,
confiding in the proteciing care of an over
watchful and overruling Protdence, it shall
be my first and highest duty to preserve
unimpaired the free institutions und which
we live, and transmit them to those wlm
snau succeed mo in men iuii lorcoanuvt
gor.
JOHN TYLER.
Wasingtonville, Apiil 9, 1841.
Fiom the Philadelphia Inquirer.
BANK OF THE UNITED STATES.
TVie Meeting of Stockholders and Report
of the Committee.
An adjourned meeting oft the Stockhold
ers of tho Bank of the U. Slates took place
at the Banking House yesterday. The af
fair produced considerable excitement in our
monetary circles, and thus before 10 o'clock
the room assigned for the meeting was quite
crowded, and many stockholders were still
engaged in obtaining pass tickets of admis
sion. bAMUEL iiUEcit, iLsci. presided, and
Messrs. Joseph 11. Chandler, Charles Gil
pin, and Joseph Gratz, acted as Secretaries.
Tho meeting was opened by Captain Stock
ion, who made some able remarks in eluci
dation of the history of the Institution, and
the difficulties which had reduced her to
her present unenviable condition. Ho was
proceeding somewhat in detail, when tho
meeting manifested impatience for the long
talked of and anxiously expected Report.
Many, however, were disposed to hear
Capt. S. throughout, and thus, between the
cries of ' hear" and the domand for the
reading of tho Report, no little conclusion
ensued. For a few moments, indeed, the
scene was one of much disorder, and it re
quired all the tact and energy of the Speak
er lo reduce the excited elements into a con
dition of propriety and repose.
It was then ascertained that the Board of
Directors had submitted a Report, and that
the Committee appointed by the Stockhold
ers had also a Report in readiness. Tho
question was taken, when it wan decided
that the former should not bo read, and that
the latter should. The great desire, would
seem, was to get at the Stockholders' state
ment, especially as all sorts of rumors had
been in circulation in regard to its alleged
disclosures. This document was finally
read by Mr. Chandler. The Report com
menced by stating that every facility had
been afforded to tho Committee by tho offi
cers of the Bank, in furnUiug and explain
ing books and also by the Board of Di
rectors. .The Committee then proceeded
to verify the assets, &c."jof tlie statement of
Number 52.
Decembor 21,, 1840, and thoy had found it
correct. They had considered the amount,
omitting the bonus for chaiter, and ono or
two other items, which were named to tho
meeting. They found it difficult and em
barrassing lo state probable losses on stocks
and also to roporl on the value of mort
gages. Passing over the mass of details of
nctivo and suspended debt, the Committee
staled that but a small proportion were reg
ular mercantile transactions; and the Report
stated that under this head, 48 individuals
and firms owed upwards of $20,000 each
15 upwards of 50,000 each; and 9 upwards
of $100,000 each. In another pari, it was
said that 52 individuals had loans of mote
than $20,000 each, and that 4 others had
loans amounting to $500,000. Tho totals
of the amount of 21st of December wero
then named and, as we understood, left a
result of $14,820,000 to represent $35,000,
000 of capital.
Tho relative slates of the Bank were then
given; for the years 1830-39-and 41. On
loans of $12,000,000, raised in Europe,
there was a loss of moro than $1,000,000,
produced mainly by tho disadvantageous
circumstances under which those loans wcro
raised. Mr. Jaudon received $7,000 a year
as Cashier, and when he was appointed A
gent in England, the Bank allowed him $5,-
000, for loss on tho sale of his furniture in
this city, and more than $1,000, for the ex
penses of himself and family in going to
London. $20,000 was named in one place
as having been paid to Barings. $1,000 a
year had been paid to Mr; Jaudon's brother
for hi3 services. The sums for foreign a
gent's expenses up to 184L we understood
to have been $178,044 7; and not lo enter
into details, we also understood that the
whole sum for foreign Agency and loan cx-
Mr. Jauion in England to tho.same date,
was $335,975. The Bank had borrowed
more money in Europe than it had of ac
tive debt in America. In one year, 1837
the loans had increased more than 7,000,- '
000 while the discounts had decreased a
bout $9,000,000.
Several officers of the Bank had engaged
in largo operations with money obtained
from the Bank and largo had been loaned
to speculations and undertakings by compa
nies, in which they had been engaged, and
large sums lost. Business men had not
been assisted as they should have been.
From March, 1835, the power had in a great
measure passed from tho Directors into tho
hand of the Officers of the Bank, who form
ed themselves into a kind of Echange Com
mittee. They did pretty much as they lik
ed, and kept no books very few vouchers
and much of the large business they trans
acted, did not appear on the discount books.
In March, 1830, the bills receivable, were
about $0,000,000; in 1837, $8,000,000;
in 1938, $7,000,000; in 1839, $0,000,000;
in 1840, $1,041,700; and in 1841, thoy
were reduced lo only $170,954 I These
Bill accounts had been settled in various
ways.or transferred under other heads, In-
eluded in the above, twenty-one individuals,
firms and companies, had received $100,000
and upwards; and one firm within a certain
time, upwards of $1,000,000. The Re
port went on to cite particular cases, in
which certain ex-officers of tho Bank had
become indebted to the Institution in very
large sums, all of which were named, and
had settled their accounts by stocks, railway
shares, lands, &e.
The history of the great cotton specula
tions of the hank in connexion with tho
well known firms at Liverpool, was then
entered upon In 1837, up to July, we un
derstood tho amount advanced for the pur
chase of cotton was $2,188,000; and that
the whole of the cotton transactions were
$8,900,000. In the first period of the great
cotton speculation, a profit was realized
but by the last shipments, 900,000 hail bcon
lost. .Several of the ex-officers of the bank
were described as having settled large a
mounts with Texas Bonds,Vicksburg stock,
and lots and similar securities mostly at par
wien ihey were released from all liabili
ty. There had boen largo loans aud trans-