plele them, nnoMhe policy of a ton linucd atitl protracted delay in com pleting works, which the state i3 pledged to accomplish, until the first work done upon them has become use less from decay, has proved disastrous hnd ruinous on many Occasions. The course heretofore usual, of ne glecting lo appropriate a sufficient eutn for repairs, and that early in tho session, has been seriously detriment al to the inleroslsof lieCommon wealth. At the last session the Commissioners stated that tho lovvcit estimate for re pairs required 700,000, and tho Leg islature appropriated S500,000, a great psrtion of which was absorbed by debts then dua. Tho result has shown that tho Commissioners were right. The fund has long einco been exhaust ed, The necessary repairs have not been completed. Those who havo been engaged at them are unpaid, and lie Supervisors are without funds to lay in tho necessary materials for re pair. The repairs on tha lines of Ca nals in use should ordinarily bo made in winter,, when they would not interrupt iho Use of tlio Canals; and it has usually hap pened that before tho airival of winter, the officers have no means at their command, nnd no appropriation bill is passed until late in the session. Tha wbolo system of re pairs in consequence of the uncertainty of tha timo of paying tho workmen, and those who furnish materials, cost tho Common wealth much mora than it would do, wore tha means of payment, amplo, certain, and promptly applied. Tho Beavor division ef tho Pennsylvania Canal is already connoctcd with tho publio improvements of Ohio, by tho Pennsylva nia and Ohio canal, a work which has been spieled by individual onterpnzo, nulod by pttblic appropriations from both States, and bidsuir to bo n valuablo tributary to onr pnblio improvements, and a profitable investment for the stockholders. It has beea accomplished at a less cost than any othor work of the kind which I have visi ted, and is a monument of tha wisdom of its projocters, and of tho skill, prudence, and econemy of thoso charged with its con struction. . I respectfully recommend to the Legis lature, tho enactment of a law authorizing the Canal Commissioners to treat with tho authorities of tha State of New York, for such n connection of our intornal improve ments" with theirs, as will be3t promote tho interests of the two Commonwealths. Tho law should limit the terms and conditions, and define tho power and authorities of the. Uommissioners in such mannor as on Quo consideration shall be deemed proper: Tho interest of tho Commonwealth would also bo advanced bv entrusting the same board with the power of selling, or, leasing; warcrpowurrtreated by our internal imple ments. There are at many points, and in very advantageous situations, surplus quan tities or water, which could bo profitably applied to various branches of manufaotue, without injury to the duo supply of our ca nals. Tho tolls on our public improve ments would bo increased thereby, and a considerable sum realized from such sale or loaso. By an act of tho seventh April, 1835. a guaranty was made on the part of the State, for tho payment of an interest of fivo per dent, for twonty-fivo years on 6200,000, of the capital stock of tho Bad Eagle and Spring Creek Navigation company, and by a subsoquont act tha State has since sub scribed 825,000 to tho stock of tho compa ny. The wholo of the work is completed and in active oporation, except the last six miles, on which about ono third of the ex cavation and embankment is made, two locks completed and another 'nearly completed. A comparatively trifling sum would finish this work, but tha funds of tho company aro exhausted, and the Commonwealth is annually called upon for the amount of her guaranty, unit hor subscription is wholly unproductive. It is n very valuable tributa ry to the btato Canal, terminating in ono of tho richest mineral regions in this or pet- Jiaps any otusr country. Every articlo coming out of it pays a toll on our State canal for ICO miles to Columbia. I, there fore submit to the better judgement of the Legislature, whether sound economy does nt dictate thofnrlhor subscription of n sum sufficient to finish it; beliovine that is pro- duetivencss wiil then be amply sufficient to relievo tho Commouweallh from any furthor paymeut of her guaranty. There are at present many public im provoments in a course of constiuction in our Slate by meas of private companies most of which I cannot but think are calcu laled to boncfit Pennaylvania in a very higl degree. Among the latter I may particular ize tho wniiamsport and Elmira ran road as tonding with certainty to propuco this result. This road will connect tho Grand Erio Canal of Now York by the Seneca Lake, with the West Branch Canal at Will iamsport; and also intersect, at Elmira, the groat sopthern rail road now being con slructed from tho Hudson river lo Lake E rip at Dunkirk. Tho advantage likely result to ouiselves, from the construction this road, will bo, that the great amount tonrtago and travel which now annually finds its way from the Lakes through th Slate of New York to tho Atlantic will thus bo brought directly through our own public improvements to Philadelphia; the distance from Elmira lo tho hitler city, by this route, being 71, miles shorler than from Elmira to tlio city of Now York by any eonlcmptaled improvement in that State. Other improve ments of a similar character, and perhaps of equal importance, might be noticed. Every man is presumed to bo present in the Legislature by his representative, end to know what publio laws aro enacted, and is therefore hold to be bound by them from tho time of their enactment. This notice, however, is but a constructive one. I would respectfully suggoBt, wheth er somo provision for tho immediate publi cation of all laws of a publio nature is not necessary, to givo lo the pcoplo actual no tice of provisions by which they may be seriously affected. Tho Report of the Superintendent of the Publio Schools, which will shortly be laid before yon, will shew tha progress which the cause of education is making in public opinion, and the state and condition of tlio Colleges, Academies and Schools, through out tha Commonwealth. Though tho active operations of the Go ologioal Survey arc not yet ontirely comple ted, a much greater extent of country has been minutely explored during the past sea son, than in any former ono. The Slate Geologist, and bis corps, wcro laboriously occupied in the Gold, their researches ex tondiug into various districts, both cast and west of the Allegheny mountains. Tho insight acquired during tho progress of tho survuy, into tho more minute features of our Geology, and tho true positiou of our various mineral deposits, has served great ly to increase tho accuracy and valuo of the largo body of facts now collected. Through out several oxtonsive sections of tho Stale, where hitherto, no accurato clue had been discovcicd by which particular beds of those j usefal substances, iron ore, coal, matblo and limestone, could bo traced, much of the obscurity has been removed. Soveral dis- j tricts, however, of greater or less extent, yet remain to be explored. J hough somo of these havo been already faithfully exam ined, one voar more will be necessary for unravolling the intricacies of their structure, and enabling tho Geologist to arrivo at a satisfactory knowledge of their resources. For this purposo an appropriation will bo corao necessary. Tho amount, however, will be less than the sum hitherto annually expended. The Topographical maps now in a course of construction, aro essential as a basis for the Geological map called for by iho law. In the chenuoal department ot tho survey, as extensive series of ores, coal3, cenacut, fluxes, &c, have been anal yzed, resulting in a species of knowledge now bocoming every day more important to tho growing manufacturing and mining inleiests of Pennsylvania, It is an unbounded fact, that Ihe few last years have been a period of pecuniary cm barrassment in the business community. It has been consoling, however, to rolled, that during a portion of that time, our husband men have boen reaping a full reward for thair labor in abundant corps, tor which, until le cently, they have found ready markets, at fair prices. Thoy had not generally been affected with that mad spirit of speculation, which at one lime seemed to have seized so large a part of other portions of our cit izena, and induced them to engage in almost every visionary scheme in their "haste to get rich." Tho causes of this ombarrassmcnt havo been variously explained, as euiled the views of those who undertook the task. My own views upon this subject havo been fully and freely expressed in my communications lo the preceding Legislatures. JNo one, how ever, can doubt, that, when our country is importing large amounts of the luxuries and superfluities of life from foreign coun tries, and not exporting a sufficiency of our products to pay tor them, there must be a constant drain of tho precious metals, and houcs a scarcity of money to supply the wants of our community at home. A re trenchment among our citizons, of whom plain republican simplicity has ever been a distinguishing characteristic, in tho purchase and use of articles of mere luxury, would groat by tend to lessen this cause or pecuni ary embarrassment. I ha consequences of tho embarrassment in our mercantile and manufacturing opera lions, aro now begining lo bo lelt, also, by our farmors, in the more recent reductions of the prices of their products, although the fact communicated by ths faecretary ol the Treasury, in his lata report is cheoring, that during the last year the exports from this country havo excoeued the imports by nearly twenty-seven millions of dollars. This is certainly encouraging, especially when wo reflect, that in prior years the re verse was the faot; and that without going back further, in tha year 1830, tho excess of imports exceeded tho exports upwards of sixty-one millions of dollars; in 1837 tweniy-lhreo and a half millions of dollars; in 1838,five millions of dollars, &in 1839,fnr- ty ono millions of Do)lars;and that in 1837, the import of the single article of silk, a mere luxury, which our own country is as capable of producing as any other, amount ed to twenty-threo millions of dollars, while our Txport of floor, during tho same year, was but about seven millions of dollars. It is to bo hoped, and the increased confidence growing out of tho resumption of specie payments about to take place, warrants the conclusion, that business will resume its accustomed channels, and taking lessons of prudence from the past, our citizens will not again be tempted into thoso wild oxces scs which have well nigh led on to bank ruptey and ruin, and the prostration of pub lie and nrivalo credit and confidence. Our Commonwealth possesses a fertile soul, and unbounded ogricuitural nnd min ; oral wealth. Wo havo within ourselves almost all tho necessaries, and many of tho luxuries of life. Within the increase of intelligence and means, wo find oUr farmers augmenting the products of their soil, im proving their slocks of domestic animals, and adding to the neatness of their house hold establishments. No one can pass through our Commonwealth, without be ing struck with the air of substantial com fort, and increasing prosperity, which per vades the agricultural districts of the Slate The variety and extent ot our water pow er, give great lacilities to the manutacturc ot our grain into biuad sums, and lor ovory other branch of manufacture, cither nocd cd for tho supply of our citizens, or for the employment of their capital. Had I'cntisylvauia already reached tho full dovcloycment of her resources, with her present pecuniary responsibilities weighing bar down, wo might woll conletnplato our situation, with trembling solicitude. Uut this is not tho case. Ihroughout the whole extent of her ample territory, there is scarcoly a square milo, which does not a bound in somo or all of the great staples of her mineral wealth. Ahlhracilo and bitu minous coal, iron, marble and limestone, have bcon scattered by naturo with a moat pro fuse hand, and have been hitherto worked barely enough to prove, with what prodi gality they havo been lavished upon us. The coal held ot our commonwealth em braces raoro than ono fifth of his area, and moro than ihreo times as much as belongs to entire Europe. Connected with tha coal, which abounds in so large a portion ot tho Commonwealth, we havo large supplies of iron oro, almost in lmuieuiate contact with In addition thereto, wo have, within convenient distances, almost all the other arielios of iron oro found in any part of the world. l us aaapuon oi amiiiaciiB coai, io the smelting of iron ore, has been followed by its successful and profitable application n tho luriner stages oi mo manuiaciure oi the metal; and that iho samo results will speedily follow from the application of bi tuminous coal, may De iookcu lor, witu almost absolute certainty. While tho iron manufactured with chaicoal will always ba wanted for tho finer purposes, and the de mand for it, increased by the natural in crease of the population of the country, thai manufactured from mineral coai, will bo employed in tho constiuction of rail-roads, and for innumerable other purposes. This discovery must stand as a distinguished era in the annals of our Commonwealth. It cannot fail ta add millions of dollars to her active and available capital; nnd will ere long transfer to our ewn citizens most, if not all or the large sums that aro now an nually sent abroad for rail road iron, and other iron-manufactured articles. Tha man- facturo ef these numerous and valuable com modities will not only result in enriching Pennsylvania, but will cut off a large item in the imports of this country, tend lo eman cipate us from European dependence, ena ble our sister states lo complete their rail roads at a cheaper and better rale, and strengthen the National Union, by the strongest of all ties, that of mutual interest. Nor is there in f ennsylvania a swglo class of citizens who will not share directly in the advantages. The owners of coal and iron deposits, and those who engage in (he manufacture and sale of these productions, will deiivo the first benefit; but the farmer, the mechanic, the merchant and every other citizen, will reel immediately, the salutarv impulse which will be communicated to his own peculiar business. The value of our canals and rail roads must be greatly en hanced, as well as that of all other species of property. Willi the cheap and ready means which they will attard Tor the trans portation of our various products end man ufactures, there can be no doubt, that the trade and business of the state must oxtend and increase with unexampled rapidily, alid by prudence and good management bo per petuated. In this gradual and corttin devclnpcment of our resources mav be found abundant rae'Sns to liquidate our public debt, r.nd to discharge every other liability, that can justly be cast upon tho Slate. I confess it affords me peculiar gratification to advert Co this topio, for it shows moro salisfacton ly, that though tnis Commonwealth has has been somewhat in advance of tho timo in extending her improvement system so widely as she has done, the people notwith standing aro destined at no remote period to realize, most amply, all the benefits it was ever oxpectcd to produce, Tho increase of our manufactures will necessarily tend to afford additional sources of employment lor tho laborer, anduurnisli increased seen rity against all improper combinations for tho reduction of wages. If any just caut e ot apprehension has ex istnd.frnm tho attempts in largo mannfactur ing establishments to keep their operatives in subseiviency in matters of opinion and the exercise of political rights, let the ev be corrected under adequalo penalties. Lc tho roaring up of children in factories with out education bo prohibited, and tho light o learning and science being dilluscd, as we among the operatives as their richer em ployers, tho danger of this influonco will bo counteracted by shaking off tho shackles of ignorance and undno dependence either up on tho information or tho will of others. Then instead of having a class of human be. ings in a slate of vassalage, we would rear up freemen capable of thought and reflec tion, and of pulling a proper estimato on that spirit of independence which influenc ed our forc-fathcrs in achieving aur freedom and wlh'ch ought ever (6 pervade tlio bo-1 soma of their descendants to the latest gen eration. Performing, as Pennsylvania has always dono in all exemplary manner; hct duliea as a member or tlio great federal utiion, of which she has not inaptly boen denominated tlio ''Keystone," Wo must never forget, tho duties which we, as hot immediate func tionaries, owe to her own interests, and the necessity of advancing and sustaining them us far as can bo douo. without interfering with her duties to the General Govomnioiil. On the part of the Legislature; nothing h wanted but a careful supervision ef her va rious interests, to placo this Commonwealth on a firm basis of pecur-iary independence. Whatever courso other statc3 may think proper to pursue, lot it bo the palrotic duty of Pennsylvania to sustain and cherish eve ry effort to dovelope her resources, and to advance her glory and hor lcnowu. Vindi cate her character for integrity fulfil all her engagemonla faithfullyhusband her resources with oconray,but not with a false and mistaken spirit'of parsimonious liberal ity and tho fair fame of Pennsylvania will stand before the world without spot or blem ish to tarnish it. To maintain this fame unsullied, should bo the first and most un yielding duly of every cilizen honored with any station, in which he becomes its official guardian. I should deem myself unworthy of the office, with which tho people lutve clothed me, if I proved reciaant to this high trust. By a judicious system of laws, corres ponding with tho habits and wants of our people, fosteriug and encouraging ontor prize and industry, nnd enabling our citi zens to reap tho full reward of thcit labor and persoveiancc,wo shall fulfill the expec tations of our constituents, and be the means under Divine Provi lence, of perpetuating tho blessings which have been so signally showered upon us by tho Author of al Good. Tho experienco of many yoars fortifies I1JU 111 ,.1U VUUUI, 'Ur' u u 1 giUtHCO, U1IUI iu legislation, is ijigjroT legislating too much. uur .Legislatures navo been holding ono extra session afior another, and that too in mes of profound peace, and when the calls f patriotism aro imperiously made in eve ry public functionary to diminish, as far as in hi in lies, the pecuniary burthen under which tlio slato has been laboring. 1 he consequence has been, an unparralleled in- rease m the logislativa expenses over all ther departments ol tho government. 1 can recommend no mors certain and effec tual retrenchment in this matter, than short sessions; still let the conduct of every de partmont of tho government bs thoroughly scrutinized, and let no important interest of the peoplo be neglected. I he baneful practice of converting tho halls of legislation into an arena for the display of political gladiators, which has too ong characterized the halls ot our national legislature, is a lamentable departuro from the courso pursued by the band of patriots who composed "Ihe first congress;' and whose example, I hope, for tho honor of our common country, ?iaa not yet been vholly forgotten by their successors. 1 ho pernicious tendency of this practico of ihe national legislature, will not, 1 trust, be ex tended to Iho legislatures of their respective Btutes; and I am sure, I need scarcely add, I havo no approhensions ot its reaching the legislature of this commonwealth. No public functionary who would yield to its influeuce need expect to retain the confi dence and respect of tho paoplo ofPennsyl vania. In conclusion, I shall be? leave (o refer yuu to the views on several subjects con tained in mv last annual message That message being iho first which I had the honor to communicate at tho commence ment of a session of the Legislature, I went moro into detail on the various topics dis cussed in it, then I suppose would be again necessary, with a view to an expression of opinion en them, as well for that occasion as lor luuire rciercnce. i inereiore reier you to it lor my recommendations on the sub jects of reform of tho Banking system &c tho importance ot connecting and com pleting at the earliest day practicable th disconnected part of our disjointed and un finished system ot internal improvements tho making of prompt and amplo nrovis ion for keeping the public improvements in repair, the necessity ol piesarving unim paired tho credit of tho Commonwealth and promptly meeting all her pecuniary encage ments, the necessary care and caution to bo exercised in creating renewing, and su pervislng corporations, tho subject of ed ucation, and as connected with it, that of procuring competent teachers and school books, the subject of the increase of writs of error and appeals in the Suprorae Court, and importing tho decisions of that court, Iho militia system, the encouragement of volunteers nnd tho reduction of militia train ings to one day in Ihe year, the evasion of the laws relative to collateral inhoiiianco tax, and the revision of tho laws relative lo tho selecting nnd drawing of jurors. It will afford mo great pleasure lo co-op-crate with the Legislature, in these and all other measures calculated to piomole the common good of our beloved Common wealth.1 DAVID It. PORTER. Executive Chamber, Jan. Cllr, 1841, It is said that thcro aio 439 applicants for the offico of Secretary ofSalc of Ohio, and lhat 130 of them havo been promised the station I ".111 for principle'' used to be their disinterested mono, SAMS. BY virtue of sundry writs of alias vnmll. liohi cxponas.to mo directed, will bo expos; d to public salo at tho UoUrt House m Dans villc.on Monday the 1 8lh of January, 1011. t ten o'clock A. M. the following proper ty, viz: A certain tract oi tana siiuaipii in JJcrrv township, Columbia rounty.ndjnining Iambi of William Viinliorn, 1 iiomns yinorchead, Thomas .flooroheatl jr.and Math Winches lit, containing twenty-one acres, more or loss about nineteen acre? cleared landi whereon is erected a small 3LOG HOUSE Seized taken in execution, and to bo sold as ihe pioperiy of John Aborchead. ALSO. A certain tract or parcel of Land eiltutd n Hemlock township, Columbia county: beginning at a post, corner of John Egbert) sen's, land, henco by the same north ond degree, west one hundred and four perches ud hvc-tcntlis to a post n corner ol Wn. ow Cox's land thence by land of William Montgomery, souih eighty-six degrees, west ons nunueru anu sixiy-inur percnes anil ixth-tenth to n chesnut-oak, thence by land of John Egbert, sen.- south degrees oast, ono hundred and thirty-eight perches to a while oak grub, thence, by land of Thomas Colo and Christian Clouso north sovcnty-lhrco degrees, ono hundred and fif ty-six perches to uio placo ot beginning; containing 113 Acres & 33 Perches, is the same more or less, whereon is creeled a About Twelve acres of Afeadow and Sixty Acres of cleared land. Seized, taken in execution, and to be sold as the property ol' Samuel Aft Her. 151 virtue ol a writ ot levari facias, to me lirccted, will be oxposed to public sale at tha time and place aforesaid. A certain message and tract or piece of and, .thereunto, belonging, fiitunlo part in Hemlock township, and part in Ml. Pleas ant township, bounded and described as fol lows; viz: bounded by lands of Andrew Afelich, tho Lancaster company and other ands; wharcon is creclod a mvr.T.T.Tvrj jjuy ana several oui-nouses, a And containing Two hundred and eighty six acres of land, bo the same more or less. Seizco, taken into excution, anil to bo sold as the property of Jacob Wagoner. uy virtue of a( writ ot venditioni expo nas, to mo directed, will be cxpoceu to sale at the timo and place aforesaid, J wo corlam lots of ground situate in Ber wick, Columbia county, adjoining lots of B. Wilson, the heirs of William Evans, deceased, and others, whereon is erected a and numbered in the plan of said town No. 02 and 50. Seized, taken in execution, and to be sold as the property of Nicholas Seibert. JOHN FRUIT, Sheriff. Snnnirr's Omen, Danville, ? Dec. 20, 1810. BY viriuo of sundry writs of alias vendi tioni cxponas.to me directed, will be expos ed to public sale at She Court House iu Dan ville, on Monday tbe 25th or January, 1811, at ten o'clock A.. M. tho following proper ty, viz: A ccrtian tract of land situato in Madison township, Columbia county, containing one hundred and four acres, whereon is e reeled ji LOG HOUSE, AND LOG BARN, about ninety acres cleared, and a fine largo meadow, a good orchard. Adjoining lauds of Richard Fruit, John Swisher, John Fun slon and others. Seized taken in execution and to be sold as Iho property of Pliineas Wolliver, bv JUI1N FRUIT, Shorty. Sheriff's Orrirc, Dauyille, Dec. 30, 1841. 5 E,IST OF CAUSES For Trial at January Term, 1841. Ludwig Leight vs George Mulchler Joseph Cavenee vs Isapc. ftlusgravo ct al Isaiah Shuman vs Daniel Cusienbodor etal B. W. Wapples vs Adam Michael William Dale vs Charles Craig Benjamin Haywood vs Ellis Hughes el tl George Foegly el al vs Daniel Sponenber- peret ol T?nl)ftPt MnnffTnnnrv va Wllli.m QuMcltnr -I Daniel Gross v .Tnrnh Tlnivnr Jacob Wagner vs Dr. Wm. West Branch Bank ctal vs M'Cormick Thomas More- head Albert B. Ashton et al vs Christian Ash Richard l'lnmmer vs Theodore Wells Same vs Samo Samuel Brobsl etal vs C. A. Brobst Jacob Gulling vs Peter Miller, C. A. Brobst vs Jesse Price.
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