t)t tut, Pnr.siDnNT uroN the subik(5t
X)f nifi Boundary Question.
To the Senate of the United Slates i
I lay before Congress several despatches
from his Excellency the Govornorof Maine,
with enclosures, communicating cerlian pro
ceedings of the Legislature of that State,,
and a cdpy rif the reply of the Secretary of
Stale, mnile by my direction, together with
a note from II. S." Fox. esq. Envoy Extra
ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of
CJreat Britain, with the answer of the Scc
rctay of State to the same.
It will appear from those documents that
a nnmerous band of lawless and desperate
men, chiefly from the adjoining British Pro
vinces, but without the authority or sanction
tof the Provincial Government, had trespas
sed upon that portion of the territory in
dispute between the United Stales and Great
ikila'ui which is watered by the river Aroos
took, and claimed to belong to the State of
Matim; and Unit they had committed exten
sive depredations there by cutting and des
troying a very large quantity of limber. It
will further annear that the Governor of
Alainp. having been officially apprised of
the circumstance, had communicated it to
the Legislatute. with a recommendation of
such provisions) it) addition lo those already
existing by law, as would enable him lo ar
rest the course of said deprcda!ions,disporse
the trespassers, and secure the timber which
they were about carry iug away; thai in com
pliance with a resolve ol the legislature
passed in pursuance of his rccummcmlitinn
tions.thcreof. Always aiming at an amica
ble adjustment of the dispute, both parties
Have entertained and repeatedly urged upon
each other a desire, that each should exer
cise its rights, whatever it considered Ihcm
to be, in finch a manner as to avoid collision,
and allayt Id the greatest practicable extent,
the excitement likely to grow oiit of the con
troversy. It was in pursuance of such an
undersludmg that .Maine and Massachusetts
upon the remonstrance of Gieat Britain, de
sisted from making sales ot lauds, and the
General Government from the construction
of which ihey claimed lo have enjoyed the
cxclilsive possession; and that Great Britain,
on her part, in deference to a similar rcmon
stance from I ho United Slates; suspended
the issue of licenses to cut limber in the
territory in controversy, and also the survey
and location of a railroad through a section
of country over which sho also claimed to
have exercised exclusive jurisdiction'
The Slate of Maine had a right to arrest
the depredations complained of; it belonged
to her to judge of the exigency of the oc
casion calling for her interference! and it is
presumed that had ihc Lieutenant Governor
of New Brunswick been correctly advised
of llie nature of tho proceedings of the
State of Maine, he would udl have regar
ded tho transaction as requiring, on Iii3 pari,
any resort to furce. Each party claiming
a right lo the territory, and hence to the ex
clusive jurisdiction over it, it is manifest
that, to prevent the destruction of the lim
ber by trespassers, acting against the au
thority of both, and at the same time avoid
forcible collision between the contiguous
Governments during the pendency of nc
gociations concerning the litis, resort inu-u
be had lo the mutual exercise of iuiisdii-
tho hia'ut objects which they haVo in view.
Tho very incidents which have recently oc
curred will necessarily awaken the Govern
ments to the importance of promptly adjust
ing a dispute, by which ll is now made man
ifest that the peace of two nations is daily
and iiuiiineittly endangered. This expec
tation is timber warranted by the general for
bearance which has hiiherlo characterized
Iho conduct of the Government and people
nti both sides of tho line. In the uulfornt
pilhoiism of Maine, her attachment to tho
Union, her respect for the wished of the
people of her sister Slates, of whoso inter
est in iter welfare she cannot be unconscious,
and, in the solicitude felt by the country at
large for the preservation of peace with our
neighbors, we have a strong guarantee that
she will hot disregard the request that had
been made of her.
As, however, tho session of Congress is
about to terminate, and the agency of iho
Executive may bcconle necessary during
the recess, it is impolhttU that the attention
of thn Legislature, should bo drawn to the
consideration of such measures as iriay he
calculated to obviate iho necessity of a call
for an extra session; Willi that view, I
have thought it my duty to lay the whole
matter before you, and to invite such action
thereon as you may think the occasion re
quires. M. VAN BUBEN.
Washington, 23ih February, 1S30.
TJIE COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT.
"rntmt WITHOUT rAH "
SJ1TUISV.1V, Jl.lltCJrO, 1P30.
Tike Border Wiiv.
We mentioned in our last that there was
his Excellency had despatched the land a
cent of the State, with a force deemed ade- lion in such extreme cases, ot lo an arnica
quale to that purpose, to the scene of the bio and temporary arrangements as to the
i! C!'cd depredations, who, after accomplish- limits within winch ll should he exercised
ins a pari of his dutv, was seized by u hand by each parly. The undeistanding sup
of the trespassers, at a house claimed to be posed to exist between the United Slates
within the jurisdiction of Maine, whither and Great Britain lias been found heretofore
ha had repaired lor th? purpose ol meeting sunicionl lor that purpose, and I believe will
and cniisultinr with the land agent of the prove so heicafier. if tho parties on the
frontier, directly interested in the question,
ure respectively governed by a just spirit ol
conciliation and forbearance. If it shall
he found, as there is now reason to appre
hend, that there is, in tho modes of con
struing that understanding by the Govern
ments, a difference not to bo reconciled, 1
Province of New Brunswick, and convey
'cd a1? a prisoner to Frederickion, in that
Province, together, with two other citizens
of the State,, who were assisting him in the
discharge of his duty.
It will also appear that ihc Governor and
Legislature of Maine, satisfied that the tres
passers had actod in defiance of the laws of shall not hesitate to propose to her Britan-
both countries', learning that they were in nic Majesty's Government a distinct ar
possession of arms, and anticipating (cor- rangement for tho temporary and mlitnal
really, as the result has proved) that persons exercise of jurisdiction, by means of which
' orffTheir reckless and desperate character similar difficulties may in future be preven-
Would set at nought the authority ot the led.
magistrates, without the aid of a strong
had authorized the shcnit, ana tne
iforce.
officer appointed in the place of the land
agcnl.to i mploy.at the expense of the State
tu armed posse, who had proceeded to the
scene of these depredations, with a view to
tho entire dispersion or arrest of the tres
passers and the protection of the public
property.
In the correspondence between the tiov
"einor of Maine and Sir1 John Harvey, Lieu
tenant Governor ot the Province ol JNow
Brunswick, which had grown out of these
occurrences, and is likewise herewith com
municaled, tho former is requested to recall
the armed party advanced into the disputed
territory for thn arrest of trespassers, and is
informed that a strong body of British troops
is lo he held m readiness to support and pro
tect the authority and subjects of Great Bri
tain in said territory. In answer to that re
quest the Provincial Governor is infotmed
of the determination of the State of Maine
to support the land agent and his party, in
the performance of their duty, and the same
determination, for the execution of which
piovision is made by a restitution of the
State Legislature, is communicated by the
Governor to the General Government.
Tho Lieutenant Governor of New Brilns
wick, in calling upon the Governor of Maine
for the recall of the land agent and his par
ty from the disputed tenitory, and the Brit
ish Minister m making a similar demand
upon the Government of the United States,
proceed upon the assumption that an agree
went exists between the two nations con
ceding to Great Britain, until the final set
tlement of the boundary question, exclusive
possession of, nnd jurisdiction over, the tor
Titory in dispute. The important bearing
Which such an agreement, if it existed,
would havo upon tho condition and interests'
of tllo parties, and the influence it might
have upon the adjustment ol the dispute,
are too obvious lo allow the error upon
which this aFsumdtion seems to rest to pass
lor a moment without correction, l he an-
Bwer of tho Secretary of Slate to Mr. Fox s
But between an effort on the part of
Maine to preserve the property in dispute
from destruction by intruders, and a milita
ry occupation by that State of the territory,
with a view to hold it by force, wlme the
settlement is a subject of ncgoeiation be
tween ihc two Governments, there is an
essential difference, as well in respect to the
position ol the blale, as to the duties ot the
General Government. In a letter addressed
by the ."secretary of State to the Governor
ol Maine, on the first of March last, giving
a detailed statement ol the steps which had
been taken by tho Federal Government to
bring the controversy id a termination, and
designed to apprUn' the Governor of that
state of the views ot the Federal Execu
tive, in respect to tho future, it was stated,
that while the obligations of the Federal
Government of the Boundary question were
fully recognized, it had, in the event of be
ing unable to do so specially, by mutual
consent, no other means to accomplish that
object amicably, than by another arbitration,
orbv a commission with an umpire in the
nature of an arbitration; and that in the e
vcut of all other measures failing, the Pres
ident would feel it his duty to submit anoth
er proposition to the Government of Great
Britain, lo reler the decision of the quslion
lo a third poWL'r. These are still my views
upon the subject, and Until this step shall
Have been taken, 1 canitot think it propci
to invoke the attention of Congress lo other
than amicable means for the settlement of
the controversy, or to caute tho militarv
power of the Federal Government to be
brought in aid of the State of Maine, in
any attempt to effect that object by a resort
to lotcc.
On the other hand, if the authorities of
New Brunswick should attempt to enforce
the claim ol exclusive jurisdiction set up by
We loam from the Detroit Post that a
volunteer in Miss Victoiie's service, finding
i ramie upon the beach near Maiden, got
into it all'! started on a voyage of discovery.
lien he had sot nome distance from shore
he was disi'dvc.rod iv the officer of the day,
who ordcied six men hito a boat and gave
base. Ho pursued tho voyager to the A-
merican shore, and in his ardor he forgot
that he was out 'of British territory, and
seized the deserter: a citizen told the man
that ho was free, and need not go bark unless
he wished; one of llie officer's men, an Irish
man, hearing this, exclaimed ' If that
palpccn be FREE, so is every mother s
son of us ! So vu may just go home my
jcwcll addressing ihc officer") and tell the
kiirncl mat vnu lull us here to lake care ol
the prisoner 1' ' Till, tut,' saiil the officer,
1 get into the boat, men.' Arrahl said
Pat, I have some republican blood in mo,
besides it is doubtful but that Ginerat Jack
son is some kin to me; the gineral is a rale
Irishman1, barring lie came to. .Imerihi two
vears before he was 1)0.? The officer
had lo hire men to row back, and report 7
deserters,
them, by moan's of a military occupation
on Uicir part of the disputed territory, 1
shall feel mvsclf bound to consider the con
tingency provided by the Constitution as
having occurred on the happening of which
a Statu has the right to call for tho aid of
note, will show tho ground taken by tho tho Federal Government to repel invasion
Government of tho United States upon thi3 I have expressed to the British Minister
It is believed that all tho correspond- near this Government a confident expecta
point.
ence which has passed bet weed tho two
Governments upon this subject has alfcady
leen communicated to Congress, and is now
on their files. An abstract of it, however,
hastily prepared, accompanies this rommu.
tiic-Uioii. It is possible thai in thus abridg
ing a voluminous corre3poiHlencc,rommiine
iug in 1825 and continuing toa very recent
jienou, u portion may nave been accidental,
ly overlooked; but it is believed that noth'
j2 lias taken plaeo which would material.
lv change tho aspect ot tho question as
therein presented, Instead of sustaining
,thc assumption of ttie British functionaries
that correrHoudenco disproves the existence
of any such agreement. It shows that tho
t.yo Gnvpri.certi" h.tvr diffrrd not only in
T.''i to i'iit ijvi'.n qurn.otj ol litl'.- to Iho
t.-rrito" ii d'snat", .a. I Whli r-lcreir? a!.;o
to iho nht of j'lrisdii-iio'i, and the fact ol
ii3 actual exisWnca of it in different por
tion that iho agents ol tho Male ol Maine,
who have been arrested under an obvious
misapprehension of iho object of their mis
sion, will lie promptly released; and to the
Governor of Maiuu that a similar con ran
will be pursued in regard to iho agents of
tho Province of hew Brunswick. I havo
also recommended that any militia that may
havo been brought together by' the S'.ato of
t -' e i i ! ii:.,:,...
.lame, iroiu an upprciiuiiNiuii "i uuiiiann
with tho Government or people of the Bri'
(Uli Province, will ho voluntarily and peace
ably disbanded.
I cannot allow myself to donbt that the
results anticipated from thesu reiiresenta
lions will bo seasonality realized. The
parties more immediately interested cannot
bni perc-i.-o that tm appeal lo arms, under
rxMtnjf circ'imstarices, will ni only prove
latal to their present infr. i's, but would
postpone, if not defeat, the attainment of
THINGS I IL1VE SEEN.
1 havo seen n Farmer build a house so
large, that the Sheriff turned him out of
doors.
I have seen a young man dell .1 good farm
turn merchant and die in an insane hospital
I have seen a farmer travel about so much
that there was nothing at home worth loot
in it afief.
I have seen a rich man's son begin where
his father left oil', and ended where his father
begin peiinylessi
1 have seen a young girl marry a voting
man of dis-snliilo habits nnd rcpeiit of it as
long as she lived.
I have seen the extravagance and folly of
children bring llieir parents to proverly and
themselves itilo disgrace.
I have seen a prudent industrious wife re
trieve the fortunes of a family, when her
husband pulled at the other cud of the rope.
I havo seen a young man who despised
the counsel of llie good, end his career in
povery and wrclchcdncsss.
I have setn a man spend more in fully
than would support his family in comfort
and independence.
I have seen a man depart from the truth
when candorand ui racily would have serv
ed him a much belter purpose'.
I have seen a man engage in a taw-suit
about a trilling affair,' that cost him more in
the end than would have roofed all the
buildings on his farm.
Curious JJiscovery. A few days ago, a
person, who was " mauling" rails, in
piece of woods, not far from the St. Charles
road, in this eounlv, found in the heart
of an appaieully full grown tree, a small
bono of a small animal am! a kind of a hunt
ing knife; How come these articles In that
situation ? Were they left, a hundred years
ago, in tho (deft of sumo sappling, which
has since "grown up and enclosed them in
their wooden coffin since that lime ( If so
it was done by some wandering Indian or
French settler.
Our authority for this statement is one
of the oldest and most respectable farmers
of thfs county. 67. Charles (Mo.) Guz.
A Qnakcr'iuvited a tradesman lo dine with
him, whom ho treated with an excellent din
ner, a bottle Of wine, and a pipe of tobac
co. His guoM, after drinking freely, be
e.ijno exireuifdyi rutin and abtniivu to his
host, insomuch that the Quaker' patienro
was'at lengtji tpjitu. rxhauteil, am! ho rosu
up and addressed him ill tho following
words !
Frieiid,I havo given theo a meat offering,
and drink offering, and burnt offering, and
for thy misconduct, 1 will give iheoa heave
offering;' and immediately threw him into
tho street out of the parlour1 window.
Tho BostnnTianscript says, "Tho van
guard of tho army of wild geese passed over
llii city on Thusrduy evening .about eight
0Clock,un thotr antuijJ Northern journey."
likely to bo some collision between the au
thorities of the State of Maine and those of
the Province of New Brunswick, in rela
tion to the Boundary Line. By later ac
counts it has assumed a still inoro serious
aspect, and great fears aru entertained, thai
before tho interposition of tho General Gov
ernment can allay tho excitement, blood
will be shed. As every one feels deep in
terest in the subject; we will give a brief
history bf the transactions in relation to it,
as they havo occurred;
Some six weeks since, iipnn learning that
a party of men ffum tho province of New-
Brunswick, were cutting timber willful llie
limits claimed by Maine; iho Legislature of
that State authorised tho Governor lo send
t sufficient force to drive them off. He ac
cordingly despatched a Mr. Mclntiro wilh
about 800 men to perform1 the required
Inly. The parly having reached the Mad-
awaska river, Mclntirc left the main body
in company with five or si;: others, and
went down to Aroostook Falls, where thc"y
were all arrested by a party of about fifty
men from the other side of the line, who
committed them to jail at Fredericloii, N
B. The remainder of the expedition hav
ing captured five of a party of tresspassed,
who had fired upon them, and driven off
the others, they returned to Bangor with
their prisoners). Among ths prisoners was
the British agent McLnuglin. The cariluic
of Mclntirc, and the firing Upon his compa
ny, created great Cxr.ilcmer.t, which was in
creased upon the receipt of a despatch by
the Governor from the Lieut. Governor of
New Brunswick, staling that ho is instruct
ed by his government lo exercise exclusive
Jurisdiction over the disputed lerritoiy, and
that he should do it. He also requests
Governor Fairfield tti withdraw the force
sent to drive off the tresspassers, and Says
should the request not he complied with, lie
has a strong force in readiness to march lo
llie ground and accomplish the object.
Upon the receipt of this letter, the Legisla
ture of Maine, which was1 then in session,
authorised the raising of 1 6,000 volunteers,
and appropriated fefiO'tf.OOO to defray the
expense, and, as will ho seen by extracts
that follow, that a large force has already
marched into the disputed territory.
In tho meantime, Governor Fairfield
communicated to the President the situation
of affairs, and llie correspondence that had
taken place between himself nnd tho Lieut
Governor of New Brunswick. Upon the
receipt of (his communication, tho Presi
dent sent into both houses of Congress
Ihc message which will be found in another
column of (his paper. Tho message and
documents were refeired to the Committee
on Foreign Affairs. On the 28th ult. the
commitlee made a report to the House of
Representatives, of a very important cha
ractcr, accompanied by a bill in substance
as follows: The first section authorises
tho President to resist any attempt of Great
Britain, by arms, to exorcise exclusive ju
risdiclion over that part of iho territory of
Maino which is in dispute, and to employ
the naval and military forces of tho United
Slates, and such portions of the militia as
he may deem it expedient to bring into ser
vice. The second section provides in
case of actual invasion, or imminent danger
thereof, before Congress can be eorivened
to raise a provisional fdrce of twenty regi
meuts, consisting of riflemen, cavalry and
tnf'iitry. Third section; to pnt all tho na
val force in enmmi'sion. Fomth section
to borrow millions ol dollars, upon
certificates of siocfs, redeemable in fiv
year?, at fivo per tent, per annum. Sec
lion five provides for an outfit for a speci
embassy to London fb co-operate with the
resident minister there, and urge a prompt
settlement of the boundary question. The
wlioto subject was referred lo tho commit
tee of the wlioto on the state of tho Union
On the next day, tho bill passed tho Senate
unanimously, and tho House with but six
dissenting voices, substituting, however,
GO.obb Vnluhteers, for th 20 regiments-1.
filling the blank in the fourth section with
10,000,000, and'nUthorisingiho President
to call into service any number of militia
lhat thp urgency of the case may require.
On the 27th of Feb. the President com-1
municated to Congress a Memorandum of
an agroem'ent entered into between our gov
ernment and tho British Minister at Wash
Inglon. In stibstance it effects an arrange
ment by which both powers shall hold tem
porary joint jurisdiction over the Dispuied A.
Territory, Until the Question be finally de
tcrmincd between iho two 'Governments!
and neither shall seek to expel the oihcrby
Military force. Nothing in these mcmoran
da to fortify or weaken, i'ii any respect
whatever, the claims of either barty, Thtf
document is signed by Mr. Forsyth and MrJ
Fox; and wo only hope it will arrive hub?
to prevent bloodshed.
Tho Portland Advertiser stales thai ilib
breastwork thrown iip by the American for
ces at the junction of the St. Croix aail
the Aroostook, is twelve feet in thickness,
and mounted by a brass field piecei Before
this time says the Whig of the 20th, tho
force has three pieces of artillery.
The Bangor Whig of Thursday morning
in a paragraph dated at 9 o, clock A.M.says
the troops were then mustering, and prepar
ing to march forthwith in compliance with
orders ihrtt had just been received from
Augusta. At 12 o.clock, the Whig adds,
that fivo companies had jusl left for the A- i
roostook. It further states, that orders had
been rercicd in that city for a darft of 9Q0
more men from the 3d division.
Expresses have been established between
Bangor, Houlton, and the Camp.
A letter from Augusta to the Bosion Athi
under date of tho 23d instant, says:
On Mfahday morning one thousand men
will muster at tho capital and march forth
with. Major General Foster, of the Eas
tern Division with his command, is ordered
forthwith to itoudtbh. One Thousand men
ill be ready to march as early as Wednes
day next. From the determied character
of Sir John Harvey, and the nature of his
instruction, wo anticipate a conflict, and ere
this reaches you, I greatly fear the blood
of our citizens will be shed. Mr. English,
the messenger from Sir John Harvey in
formed mo lhat he had no doubt that on hi
return with llieletter of Governor Fairfield,'
Sir John would instantly order the troops
to advance. Mr. English must have. reached
Fredcricton last Tuesday night. We .are
anxiously awaiting ttie result. Should a con
flict take place I will instantly apprise ydu."
Five companies left Bangor on Thursday
for the Aroostook. The Bangor Whig ot
Friday says: "The Fire Department ot
this city, embracing about three hundred
young men, had a meeting ycsteiday after
noon, voted, to organize themselves as a
battalion of Riflemen, and petitioned ths
Legislature for a supply of arfns. There
seems to be no doubt thrit their request will
be granted."
It is slated that McLaughlin, tho Uritisa
Agent, refuses lo accept his liberation on p;
rolo. Tho'Bostou Patriot expresses an opin
ion that, as both parties wnro evidenttly mu-
tering all tho forces at their command, n
collision would in all probability lake plao
for somo days. A Bangor correspondent
of ihc same paper says:
Nearly a thousand of our men are already
gone as volunteers under thcSheritTsorderJ.
Iu addition to these, another thousand are w
their march under Gen. Hodsdon, and nor
000 more arc lo ho drafted under tho ne
order. Notwithstanding all this, not
the least complaint is heard, hut the
one voice is go ahead, and wo he to him wt9
speaks a discouraging word. Never wt
movoment mora popular or which enus
more of tho pnbliu feeling and sentim'11'
in its favour. A deserter was this moriiio
posted about thn city, and a reward of 3"
offered for his apprehension. Though
young man, and by no means a hnrJy !J
(tier yet public indignation is so 'tr0"s I
against him. that lid would apparently
scarcely bo safe amongst ua. An cleri:
banishment from tho city must apparfO"
ho his fate so universal and all porvadmi
is tho'one feeling on this subject.
By comparing all 'the nccnunls recei4
it appears thatabmit 12,000 then htvej
already drafted for service, and- ALt '1
llie militia arc required to ho'ld'U'cmse'"
in readiness;
At
Gen. Ilodsdon arrived at lSst!" j
25lh, with a detachment of t'wfy
immediately formed iUem ,in
detlcs fiom Bangor to tho moUth of "
rdostook. Gen. II. was to tpave that n