ifudgcs was noijrmlccd in tho posl-ofnco, )ut sent by a special messenger, ami there fore if tochnicni nicely is to bo regarded, could not bo a legal return:) That Vhn return, signed by ten, a majori ty ofthe Judge of Philadelphia county, tva3 rnado but in due form put in the near est post office', and recelVed by the Secreta ry but was kepi back, suppressed, and hot handed In to Wife members assembled for organization: That the Secretary is en trusted neither' by tho CqiiBiUiUioii law, nor usage, with any judicial or discretiona 'rv'fcftwer'bv'er die l'p.hmis nnv more Iriah the postmaster ox mail carrier through whose Jianda they pass: That if the Secretary may decide which ore nroner Returns and which aro not sending in as a return a paper signed by ono or six judges out of 17, and keeping back, under any pretence, at his pleasure, returns signed by a minority of Judges; and )f those produced by him are to bo takeli as the sole ami exclusive proot or who are en titled to their seats, all other testimony be ing excluded till the House is organized then it follows that an executive ollicer may fiivo to the party he favors, at all times he organization of the Assembly the election of Speaker, Clerk, Doorkeeper. Sergeant nt-Arms, Primer of the Bills. Printer of the Journals, State Treasurer, U. S. Senator, he: That this is not the Constitution and Law of Pennsylvania wo db most solemnly protest : And therefore wo derla'rc our clear and. strong conviction: That it was the d ity of Mr. Burruwes to baud over lo Jhe assembled members all the returns, or papers pur porting to be returns of ekcliofi, that they might judge. It Is a pity lie did not du so. Tlu-re ItVs the fatal error. The members Bssernbled, in our opinion, Were entitled to have all the returns beiurc tliem. Butarain: The returns in the Secreta' ry's office are Hot tile" duly legal evidence -of what the' people have done ol who is elected. For greater security to prevent fraud or collusion, three mode's of pru1 Ving the fact of election aro provided by Law. One.Uhe returns made and deposit ed with the Secretary. Another, that the members chosen shall be furnished with certificates thereof. Another, that dupli cate returns be deposited in the Prothunta ry's office" For common convenience those 'in the Secretary's office are generally taken, but are entitled' to inure respect and ere- dence than the certificate) or a certified copy frorft the Prothonotary. Now, in this case the 'democratic members appearing and 'claiming seals produced first, certificates of election secondly, certified copies from the'ProThonotary's office shewing their e lection they alledged, and their allegation was entitled to respect that others returns than th03e 'produced bythe Secretary , were known lb be in His office. As whigs, act ing on whig principles, avowing justice for our motto, and the "Will of the majority for 'our guide this appears to be very strong ground on their part1 And whf'ri put 'ihcompetilion with the aitigli paper oh iho'face'bf'it no legal return signed by only "she 'nut of seventeen judges, on wh'ch the whig members relied it seems to us irresistable a case to our understanding so clear, that ive stand amazed to see our whig brethren below acting on a different view 'of the malter. Good cannot come of it. It will not "bear the test of scrutiny and lime." It strikes at tho root of all those principles which we have been taught to hold sacred in Whig policy. Wlfat should we have said, or rather, what should we ntt have said, had our opponents done BO I In conclusion : At the commencement "of'the session, every member was present, 'without the eight Philadelphia county ihem- bers, 'parties stood 44 Whigs, 48 democrais "-so that the're M-as a majority of 4 in favor nf admitting the democratic members from ine couniv, ami did admit them, yet our 44 whigs, ndw 41 persist in acting with tho Whig members from the County. Are majorities no longer to ruleaiiV wherei Therefore we do express our clear and decided Opinion that Messrs Butler and Sturdevapt, in leaving the six return judge party, and joining with the majority, con 'sliUtiing thereby (even without the Phlla. county members) a clear majority, incriri testably cniiiled toseatsi and forming a nun rum for tho despatch nf business which cannot rightly be denied or jdstty disputed. liavo u Uei with honorable fidelity to justice tne prlr cipie-i ot itefiiblinanism, timelier ished doctrines of the Whiffs and the inter cits of the Commonwealth. That they are cnluled to our highest praise and most earn est co'inmendation. In our estimation, the performance of this painful duty on their part, jn despite of angry denunciation, evin ctt Hie moat laudable firmness and patriot ism, and ut.der the auspices of virtuo. lib crty and iudupendenco," the siiblime mottd of tho Pennsylvania Amis we earnestly nope weir example may he followed by th owor momoera oi the Whiz party. ASHER MINER, . NATH'L RUTTEI, LEWIS WORRALL. JOSHUA PETTEBfJNE ;HAliLES MINER, DELIAS HOVT. THOMAS PRINGLE, SHAltP D. LEWIS. Fedtrtit Logic Separating the public taxes from' bank frauds and tank specula lion, is according to Federal logic, uui 'ing the purse and the sword," r.ooM3nund, pa. SATURDAY, JANUARYS. GOVEti Ott'S MENAGE The annual messago of Governor Rttncr was laid before both houses on Thutsday, (he 27th tilt. Its extreme length will not allow us to publish it entire. We give helow a syrtnpsls of, and extracts from, its most interesting portions. By this course, our readers will not loose much, as it is in ihe main, a dry uninteresting document, so much "so, that before it was read half thro by tlie clerk 6f the infuse, a motion was m&dc by a whig member to suspend the reading. It commences by giving a statement of the transactions at Hanisburg since the meeting of the Legislature, condensed from the niistatemenls published in the govern ment organs at that place. It denounces the democratic citizens who assembled at Hurrisburg to witness the opening of the legislature, as a riotous mob, arid throws tho whole blame of the recent disreputable transnnclions at the captol.upon our friends, notwithstanding the senate's condemnation of tho course of the whigs. He then re commends a general revision of the election laws, and proposes the following amend ments: 1st. The one year's residence in the state, required by the amended constitution, to be proven by tho oath of the party bffei ing to vote. 2d. The particular residence of ten days within the district where the vote shall be oiTcred, to be proven by a competent witness. 3d. Persons claiming to vote upon tax aiscssed and paid within the current year, ihe assessor's corrected list to bo tho dlily evidence, a copy of which to bo posted up at the house where the election is held, at least nine days previous to the time of hom ing the election. 4th. Persons claiming to vote on tax paid nut ot the district, to be requited not only In product: a certificate of the payment of t':e tax, certified b'efdre a Justice of the Peace, biit to give their ndtnes to the asses sors at least nine days before tlie election, and a list to bo put up m the same manner is of those payinsr witniu the district. l1hus virtually'extcnding Ihe odious registry law of Philadelpliic city, throughout the siaie. Upon the subject of betting on ejections he makes the following just recommenda tion, which we hope to see adopted by our legislature, or something quite as severe; And to secure, as, much as possible, the puriivoi elections, 1 would strongly recom mend the passage of a more effectual law against helling on elections, which practice lorms tne very worst and most penurious species of gambling. Uniting and gaming of other kinds only injure the parties them selves, nut tins inllicts a wound on the rights of all, and destroys that confidence1 Which every citizens should feel in the decision of the ballot-nox. I would therefore uraii that whenever thereto required by any voter of me ivistrict. or wiieneer ho shall think it nrciissary,' the Inspector of each a t i i ii shall cause any person offering to vote, to declare On oath or aflirmation. whether he is or is Tint directly Of indirectly interested either as principal, partner or stake-holder in uy uet, ou ine resuu oi any election to be held oil that, day; and" If he admit that ho is, or if ho decline to arts wer. then t refuse such person his vote, antHii baiise the clerks ol theelection to make a minut'd Iheroof on the lisl of Voters-. Alter rec'oo'fflnienuihg he passage of such laws in relation 'to tho appointment of such officers as are unprovided for in tho amend ed constitution, and the ele'etion of Justices, fcc. he makes ihe following ternarks in re lation to the progress of the school system. The condition of the mean's 'proved by the Slate toe General Education, is "so flour ishing that little is required to be ddi'ie by the present Legislature. Within three years tho perrnauunt State appropriation-id this object has been increased from seventy-five thousand dollars annually to four hundred thousand dollars, for the "latter sum will ha required next year to meet the increase of taxable citizens fronl three hundred and eight thousand nine hundred and nineteen to three hundred and fifty thousand which will probably bo the number returned, (though probably not more than three hun dred thousand dollars will.be actually called for",) and to pay the annuities to Colleges; Academies and Female Sen Inariea, whic'Ji will not be less, less than fifty thousand dol" lars. Nor will this. large outlay have been without its fruits. Iiistead of seven hun dred and sixty-three Cniilhjon Schools in operation at Ihe bnd of 1835, and about seventeen Aed2irties, fills latter in a slate of almost doubtful existence," with no Fe- i.. c -.' i -r. . iiiiiiL- ociiiin.iries losicreu uy me oiaio, sue now has five thousand Common Schools, thirty-eight Academies and seven Female of wjiuuhcb in unlive anu permanent opera tion disseminating the prin ip!o9 of litera ture, science and virtue over tho land. In addition to thefie. there nro many Schools, 1 , . - V i V, I n I J: -.C ! Acnuenucs anu remaic oeiiiiiinncs oi u jm- vat'e character, eqtmlly useful and deserving in their pioper sphere'. . , Of the. one thnusaud and twenty-seven townships, wards and boroughs now In ihe State, cacli intended in form a Common School disliici, night hundred and Bovqnty five have accepted the Common School Sys tem, mid nave ri in operation, aim seven hundred ami eighty six have rereived their portions ol the Slate appropriation lor ine present srhool yeai, couiinenring on the first Monday of 'June last. The number of accepting districts goes on steadily incrcas iniV. and iho usefulness and economy of the system where fairly tested, aro bccoultilg evtty day more apparent. All that now seems requisite to tlie com plete success of the system is, that some immediate and. rfticierU means ho adopted for the preparation lirbdminnn. School teach ers, i tits suhieet was Itniy rxpiniueu m ihe last annual Report of tile Stljferintend cnt, and will ho again embraced m a rcvis eJ draft of the whole School Law which that officer will shortly lay before ynti. Permit me to bespeak fur il our favorable consideration, and to hope that this last want of the system may be supplied. 1 would also recommend that the power (if School D rectors on the suhici'l of taxa tion, be ciihaileil. Wlicii thev were by iw authorized to assess a school tax, equal to thrice the amount of State androtiriation coining to the District for the year, the whole amountiif appropriation was only half what it iinw isi Perlinps absolute pow of taxa tion in Directors to that amount, was then necessary: but ii is n'oiat present. I would ihrreforo rpcoinmeild that Directors shall not, hereafter, in anv case, Impose more tax on their District than a sum equal In its por tion of slate appropriation, unless by con sent of tile people, in the same maltncr as uldlthnal school tax is authorized, viz: by vole of the ulajority of the citizens. Of the canals and railroads he says : The Canals and Rail Roads in operation, vielded, under the most disadvantageous cir cumstances, nn increased revenue during the fiscal year just closed. The amount nf tolls was niui! hundred ailil niiietv-one thousand two hundred and liftyHwo dollars and foity two cents. This income is a most decisive proof that her chains of improvement arc on tho eve of amply remunerating the Statu lor llieir vast cost, f he amount ol tolls lor O'o year, would, under ordiilaiy circumstan ces, iievond a doubt, have boon a mi lion and a half of drihars. Tin will be credited when il is borne in mind that fo'.lv .one half if the regular trade of tiie main linn was lost to the State during two-thirds of the navigable seasilii; In consequence of the breach on tile Juni i.ta, ih.it. lo reinin the balance, the Canal Commisiourrs fmlnil it necessary lo lake the lolls" off ninptv mitia of the most profitable part ol the remainder, viz: between Huntingdon and Duncan's Isl and; in which, if this distance from Ilti'i- tingdou to Hollidaysburi: bu added, the dis thus unavoidably rendered wholly unpro ductive, was one hundred and twmitwiine miles. Still the works yielded, and it is a triumphant proof of their valun and produc tiveness, little short of a million of dollars within the fiscal voar, may, in view of theso facts, with perfect f-afuly he estimated at one million six hundred thousand doilurs, with a favorable season. He then adverts to the fact, that the trial 10 use aninraciie coal a3 a fuel to generate steam in the Locomotive Engines, had proved entirely satisfactory, and that by iti use, a largo amount will be saved to the State annually. Of thebreach in the canal between Huntington and Ilnllidayshtirg, he says that the repairs are nearly completed, and will cost 3380,000. The progress of the new works, during the year, have been steady and satisfactory. Tho additional distances authorized to be put under con tract on the Erie extension, on the linns up on the North and West Branch of the Sus quehanna, and the Gettysburg railroad have been let. Of the situation of the finances of the State, he makes tho following remarks Which show conclusively .that the statements which have been made by the1 democratic party, of their wretched condition were but too (rub. j he whole amount oi the receipts into the Treasury, durincr iho year eniliri!r with ihe 3l6l.nf Oct'r lasi, including the balance front 1837, was four million nine hundred eighty nine thousand two hundred twenty three ddllars add three cents, and tho whole amount of payments for all purposes, was lour millllons eight hundred eiulily nine thousand eight hundred sixty-three dollars and seventy-tnreo cents showiuir a bat anre that day of hin:pino thousand three hundred Iiliy-nino dollars and thirty cents. Among tho. disbursements aro included ono hundred nfty-sevcii thousand six bun dred twenty-two dollars si'iid eightv-uiiio cents paid as expence, in part; 'of iho Con venlion to pVopOhe amendments Id the Con elitution. During ihe nieceediUg Vear sov qilty.ono thousand seven hundred lldrly-nine dollars and sixty-seven cents had Weil paid on the same ac'cditnt, and it is snprlosed that a balance of fifty thousand dollars is still or will become due, so that the whble expenco of tho Convention, and its inci dents, will b two hundred Bevcnty-nlne thousand three hundred sixty-two dollars and fiftysix cents. The probable amobpt of incomo from nil soifxccs, dul;ihg the .present year;, will bo three inillioli'four lluijdrcd llfty-threo thous and eight hundred thirty-eighty dollars, viz: Canal and Railroad lolls, 1,000,000 Bank of United Stales for Com- . moil Si'IimmIo inn.nnn Land and Latid office fees, fl3,000 Auction duties and commissions', . IHUKlO DHidcnds tin Bank stock, 1 00,000 Tax on Bank dividends, 115,000 Dividends on Turnpike, Bridges Si Navigation stock, " 45.000 Retailers licenses, 80,000 Tavern licenses, 50 000 Collateral Inheritance tax, 23,000 Tax On writs, 25,000 Tax on cerium officers, 8 000 Tax on Loail ijnmpanics, 4,000 Hawkers and Tin atlU Clock Pcd lars licenses, , . 0,000 Fourl Instalment Sum lis Reven ue, 055.938 Balance nf Loan per 3d section act 14th April, 1838, 125.000 Miscellaneous, 5,000 , , S3,453,838 The probable demands on tho Treasury, exclusive of appropriations, to he made dur ing ihe present sessionj and of hiiiiis which will be due durum (Ho. veiir, will be three million tlnee hundred twenty-three thou sand nine bundled twenty-seven dulliira and ninety-one cents, viz : Balance of appropriation for Inter nal Improvement purposes, by act , (if 14th April. 1838, 532,057 01 Do. do. to Turnpike State roads and iir'nlges, 05,070 00 For motive power, 240,000 00 Interest on Statu debt, salaries' of Collectors! Ldek ke'ehcrs'. fce. 1,190,000 00 Expenses of Government, 290,000 00 Balance of expense of Reform Convention, 50,000 00 Militia expenses, 25.000 00 casinos and Gratuities, 50,000 00 Education, 350,000 00 House of Refuge) 5,000 00 Penitentiaries, 21.200 00 Geological survey, 10,000 00 Interest on Treasury loans, . 09,000 00 Cost of repairing Juniata Cal mil, . 380,000 00 Ineterrst of Tmporary loans, 4l),(job 00 Miscellaneous, 50,000 00 83 323,927 91 This will leave a balance at large during the year, of only one hundred and twenty nine thousand nine hundred dollars and nine ct'nts; which would have been two million bnc hiindretl thousand ''ollars least, if your prcdect'Ksnrs had not been so liberal of iho public funds, and if the yield of tlits public works had not been reduced v the breach on the Juniaia. But it is loo late to remedy past profusion or misfor tunc. The future is now tb' L'e proviJed lor. . .... He recommends Ih'e following np'prb'pri itions to continue the public improvement? The Erie Externum will need live huu drcd thousand dollars; a similar sum will be requited on the North Branch Canal three humldrcd tltmirtaiiti dollars will he the least that will rffeclually commence lav ing the rails on the graded portion of the tieltcslmrg Kail Koad and continue the L'r: ding of the remainder two hundred thou mil dollars will he nrcessaarv on the West Branch Canal; one hundrjd thousand dot lars on the Wisconisco Csnal and Allcirhc ny fecdcr.eachjthree.htindrttd thousand do! lars for ordinary repair, and one hundred thousand dollars for dainaires. Locomotive's c. together with one million to pay. tern' porarv loans, making in iho whole three million ono hundred thousand dollars. . The only means left for obtaining tbi3 large sum, is that of borrowing; ai tl th only source", without paying an unreason bio interest, is the Bank of ihe United states, which, under tin charter, may bo compelled to' lend iho money at four per cent. Afterdating that a most healthy change had been ace.ompltohed in 6nr currency, ba ilie resumption of specie payments bythe banks, ami justilying their suspension full, he refers to iho late insurrection (aiiada, and charges the masonic instilu'. lions in Ihe States bordering on those pro vinccs, with being the instigators and prin cipal actors, and to prevent like acts in fu lure, he reiterates his former recommend (ions for an actio prohibit inch associations' The following extract relating to success" lul experiments of smelting iron witlubitu minods mid nnthraeito coal, and those re. lating lo the coal and iron trade, will ho read with interest in this scotiofi of the State. i no succcHstin experiments that have necn made at Knrlhanse and FarramUvill to smelt iron with Bituminous Coal and at rtianayiinii, Maueli uimnk and Eastnn with auiiiracne, auu new interest tu th h snliic So perfectly Sitislaetory havo they proved tiiai largo furnaces in which Auihracito vo..i amno m io ne used as fuel aro now nniirrnDh .,(" .imtn. ... ...t . i""o"'" -"iiiiin:iioii iii several points imu umid, una Bitccessiui union stone coal and iron ore in the arts is an ov of .)..;. la.ll.. ... . . .. uwwwvu.j Kiuaicr iiiuinem in tne pros penly ofourSutc, than any tint tws- o curred since tho application of etscrn in &li ftf hitman Mlinttf Tho Trade in Cool and Irqn will nndoubt- vet only half accomplished 'system of I;r in which tin- Stdtn " "k "win uusmcss oi the vast) thochtel hope of paying off l.ho dn.bt 0r Irom the interior and merchandize from the nooarii win, no uouoi, ne great, and Penn- ll'llllia will nlvvni'c niuiMi h.. . ........ ..... ..... t, uuu linn ill It. Mill it id tint nnrat.n.i. r. I ' . tur tier to desire 113 iribnnpcly. Her people ns thi. zens oi ine nation, are saUsheij. to s.co hj. teriStales embark in tho nobl'ti rivalry, anj' " luiniiitcu iii inu many, adt anlages of their own routes: can rci,ii'M to know that there is room for the full ... PSJIlfllll. Hilt ivliui, Imp nn.,1 .-.I I ; , - mi iter iron defceml from her Mountain regions in- v to New Yorkvand.tho vast Lake coiiniryA i from the Ndnli Brant;h. Camil are iis. charged at Erie and ClcilvJand, as well ni ittsbura and Beaver from the boat. Wl. It'll I. I:lls lit tllf lllino mi m,. 1.' - " ... im.mi nuri' are poured through (he widened locks n( ihe Union Canal, and the conmlmed i'i,u tVnii.i. n..i..,l ..ll n.!i " .unnius vrn .is inu lyciiiwarc :iii(j ihuylliilt canals, unoii ihe whartno r i. own eomnicr&uil motropolis the carrvin nf llfllltlll.n Mw.r,.l,.)i,.l;.. ..Ill it.'LlJ :,n lully appret iali d; If to tlie eiannels nf wealth he added continuous rail roiids of from the Eastern and Wontem Emporiums travelled by ai least one thousand-busy pas. oengers daily, ami an iiniuierrupied "water I.!...:.. ..:.... u i i MiMiiiiiiiw.iiiuii iiciwi-eii me i;eiewafe nnd .ake Erie for ihe heavy irade," tlie cause i:lieh enables K-nnsylvaiiiH ib. look with ut I'ear or jealbiisv on the works of other states, is apparent. In such view of the subject, the iirceisi f.ir opening, widening and duei.niiiir ev ery channel, anil the policy of retaining the great leading avenues and outlets in the im- ... ...i:... ...i.! i .. . . . iiiuui.iiu u iiuioni ji .tun coniroi oi the Lorn monvVealth; become evident. Hence tlis arly enlargement of the Union Canal to tlie zeand capacity bfihose of tile State, is a project of much Interest to the piiLIir. Hence also ihe ultimate possession of tins anni irom wommiiia to the. Maryland lino lloillll never bit lost eiiitit nf. :i ., nicamm iiuli-jpe'nsalde lo ihe perfection of the grand s oil-in, i iiu otatf now utisscFS n e limn to ilcQllire lllis work it t a limit anil nrii-n fixed in iho law niiihorizing its conjunction, and the Lci!ishituic should be cautious not tn grant any privileges that may postpone tho one or add to the amount of ihe other. Of the mantifiiniure of silk ho says: Tlie encnuragem"nt given by the Legis lature of last session to the .growth of the mulberry tree and the production of silk, has- thus far proved efficient, and promises lo include the silk business iimo:irr our chief suljncls of industry and so'idcea of wealth. Madv hundred thousands . of inulhurry plants have hetfn set out, and a largo quan- t'ty ofcocoons prodiired. The reeling of silk has heed regular y prnctired at many p aces, and silk loon: established at I'linn- dcl)hia, and Economy, in Beaver county. This business seems to have gained such a1 fooling among us as o pruniso ic-ma-nance and profit. It seems tn be a branch of industry admirably adapted to the haliiia and strength of the inmates of our county poor houses. It is worthy or inquiry, whether a slight cr.ro lrageinent, fay small donation nnnuillv lo tlie stew ard of each institution who shall prii'hico a given number of pounds of cocoons, might not have the efiect or substituting a lurid and pleasant employment for tho more la borious occupations in which the paupers are now engaged, and aceellcratc the per manent establishment of the business m lbs Sut-; lie then, after making s'nm'o Tr-marto is relation to. a now map of the State the law re'ativc to weights and nieasures, and re commending a law authorising the clerts of the Legislature, to give certified copies of papers in ifs possession, under seal, to ba used in courts, and for other purposes, closes his message with the following eulo gy d'f his administration,. ,llaving thus presented the various objects of present interest that occur to mo; il will not be out of place briefly to recapimlats the changes produced during the official term now drawing to a close. Three years ago their were 32 514 chil dren in the common schools of the state. There are now aboui 230.00. The schools wero then kept open notrjtiilo three and s half months. They are no'w open about seven months iti the year. The whole a mount of stntrt appropriation, was then 875, 000 annually it is now equal lb one dollar for.eaeh taxable, which will amount W Rim (rn'nV.ii. llm nov, rln,nl I'Mf In 1831 the puljic. works yieidrd 8C84 J57 77, alter a most fayorable season, uu ring ihe season just closed, they prodncJ $991,252 42, under the disadvaniaprou eirciimBiaucec; and. with good manngeincnt, and no usual accident, will the present year ( pay 51,000,000. Sincn 1835 S2.500.000 have been ex pended in completing works then said w bo finished, renewing detectivp parts, niw keeping iho whole in repair: and one hun dred and ninoty-cigl l miles of canal, so' twenty-nine miles of railway have been commenced and carried to n consider ' Bintci nf forwardness, on which SSjOOiOO' have been expended. . The completed rail roads have been pi"'
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