trn3 Garcrncioni Vvith tho Lidtan t..
would escape misrepresentation. That.therc
occurred m mo cany soiuomcni 01 uns
country. as in all others where tlio civilized
race lias succeeded lo iho possessions of
the savage, instances of oppression and fraud
on the part of tlio former, there is too much
reason to believe. No such offences can,
however, be justly charged upon this Gov
ernment Binco it becamo frco to pursue its
own course. Its dealings with tho Indian
tribes liavo boon jusl and friendly through
out, its dflorts for their civilization constant
jud directed by the best feelings of humani
ty: its watchfulness in protecting them from
individual frauds unremitting; its fqrbcar-
3 nee under the keepest provocations, the
ecpest injuries, and tho most flagrant put
rages, may challenge, at least a comparison
with any nation, ancient or modern, in sim
ilar circumstances and if in future times a
powerful, civilized, aim nappy nation 01 In
dians shall bo found to exist within the lim
its of this northern scontinent, it will be o w
ing to tho consumation of that policy, which
Jiaa been so unjustly assailcdr. Onlyabrjcf
rcfeicnco to facts in eonfifmation of this as
sertion can in (his form bo given, and you
arc, therefore, necessarily referred to tho re
port of tlio Secretary of Watt for further
details. To tho Oltorokocrf," whoso, case
has perhaps ei&ited tho greatest share of
attention and sympathy, the U nitcd Stales
have granted in foe, with a perpetual guar
anty of exclusive and peaceable possession,
13,551,135 acre? of land, on tho west
side of the Missisippt, eligibly situated in
a healthy climate, and in respects bet
ter suited to their condition than tho coun
try they have left, ill exchange for . only
9,192,10d acres on the east side of tho
same river. The United States hrtvo itt
addition stipulated to pay ihem fivp, mill
tori six hundred thousand dollars for their
interest in improvements oil .the lands thud
relinquished, and one million one hundred
''and sixty thousind dollars for subsistence
and other beneficial purposes thereby putr
ting it in there power to become one of
tke most wealthy and independent .sepa
rate communities, of the same extent, in
tho world.
, By the treaties made and ratified with
tho Miamies, and Chippewas, tho Sioux,
the Sacs and Foxes, aud the Winncbagocs,
"duriug the. last year, tho Indian title to
eighteon million four hundred and fifty
eight thousand acres has been extinguish
ed. These t purchases have been much
tnoro extensive tlian those of any previ
ous year, and have, with other Iildian ex
penses; borno very heavily upon tho Treas
ury. They leave, however, but a small
quantity of iinbought Indian lands within
the States and Territories; and the Legisla
ture aud Exccutivo were equally sensible
of the propriety of a final and more spee
dy extinction of Indian titles within those
limits. The treaties which were1, with, a
single exception, made in pursuance of
previous appropriations for defraying the
expenses, have subsequently been ratified
by tho Senate, and reciovedthe sanction of
'Congress by the appropriation necessary
to carry them into effect.
Of tllb terms Upon which those impor
tant negotiations were concluded, I can
speak from direct knowlodge; and I feel
no difficulty in affirming .that, the interest
hi the Indians in the extensive tenitory
embraced by themj is to be paid for at its
fair value, and that no moro favorable
terms have beiln granted to the United
States than would have been reasonably
expected in a negotiation witli civilized
men, fully capable of appreciating and
protecting thpir own rights, For tlio In
dian title to 110,319,897 acres acquired
since tho 4th of March, 1829, the United
States have paid S72,500,050, in perma
nent annuities, lands, reservations for In
dians, expenses of removal and subsis
tence, merchandise, mechanical and agri
cultural establishments, arid implements.
When the heavy oxpenses incurred by the
United States, aud tho circumstances that
so larg'e a portion of tho entire territory
-will bo forever unsaleable, are considered,
and this price is compared with that for
which tho United States soil their own
lands, no one can doubt that justice had
boon' dono to trie Indians in these purcha
sed also. Certain it is, that tho transac
tions of the Federal Government with tlio
.'Indians have been uniformly characterized
by a sincere aud paramount desire to pio
mote their welfare; and it must be a source
of tho highest gratification to every friend
to justice and humanity to learn that, not
withstanding the 'obstructions from timo
to tima thrown in its way, and tho diffi
culties which havo arisen from, the pecu
liar aud impracticable nature of the Indian
character, the wise, humane, and undo
Viating policy of the Government in this,
the most difficult of all out relations, for
eign and domestic, has at length been jus
tified to tho world in its near approach to
a happy and certain consummation.
Tlio cbHdition of the tribes which oc
cilpy, tho country set apart for them in the
Wost, is Highly prosperous, and encoura
ges the hopo of their early civilization.
Thoy have, foi the riiost part, abandoned
the hunter state, and turned their attention
Jo agricultural pursuits. All those who
have been established for any length of
time in that fortila region maintain them
selves by xthcir own industry. There are
among them traders of no iuconsiderablo
capital, and planters exporting cotton to
some extent; but the greater number aro
small agriculturists, living in comfort upon
the produce of their farms, Tho recent
emigrants although they havo in somo iiir
Ewrupfl removed reluctantly, hue rcculily
acquiesced m tncir unavoidable destiny.
They have found at oncd a recompense
for past sufferings, and art incentive to In
dustrious habits, in tho abundanco and
comforts around them Thero is reason
(o bcliovo that all these tribe's arc friendly
ill their feelings towards thp United Stales;
and it, is to be hoped that, tho acquisition
of individual wealth, tho pursuits of agri
culture1, and habits of industry, will grad
ually subdub their Warlike propensities,
and incline them to maintain pcaco among
themselves. To effect this dosirablo ob
ject, the attention of Congress is solicited
to tne measures recommended by tho Sec
retary of War for their future government
and protection, as well from each other
as from the hostility of the warlike tribes
around tlicm, and tho intrusions ot tho
whites. The policy of the Government
has given them n permanent home, and
guaranteed lo them its peaceful and undis
turbed possession. It only remains to
givo them, a government and laws which
will encourage industry, and secure to
them tho rewards of their exertions. Tho
importance of some forrri of government
cannot be tdo much insisted upon. The
earliest effects will be to diminish tho cau
ses and occasions for hostilities among
the tribes, lo inspire an interest in tho
observance of laws to' which they will
havo themselves assented, and to multiply
the securities of property, and, tho motives
for self-improvement. Intimately jionnec-.-.i
.i .i . .i I,, .
icu wuii uns suoject, is uiu csiauiisiimcni
of the military defences recommended by
the Secretary of War, which have, been
already referred to', Without thclri, the
oovcritmeilt will bo powerless to redeem
its pledges of protection to tho eliiisrating
Indians against the numerous warlike
tribes that surround them, and to provide
for (ho safely of the frontier settlers of the
botdtjring States.
Th6 case of tho SeminoleS constitutes
at present tho only exception lo tho suc
cessful efforts, of tho Government to re
move the Indians to the homes assigned
to them west of tho Mississippi. Four
hundred of this tribe emigrated in 1830,
and fifteen hundred in 137 and 1838,
leaving in the country, it is supposed,
about 2,000 Indians. Tho continued
treacherous conduct of theso people; the
savago and unprovoked murders they
havo lately committed, butchering whole
families of tho settlers of tho Territory,
without distinction- of ago or sex, and
making their way into the very centre and
heart of the cduntry, So that no part of it
is frce'frdm their ravages; their frequent
attacks on the'light-houses along that dan
gerous coast; and the barbarity with which
tltey have murdered the passengers and
crews of such vessels a3 havo been wreck
ed Upon the Teefs and keys which border
the Gulf) leave tho Government no alter
native but lo continue the military opera
tions against them until they aro totally
expelled from Florida.
There are other motives which would
urge tho Government to pursue their
conrso towards tho Seminolcs. Tho Uni
tcdStates have fulfilled in good faith all
their treaty stipulations with tho Indian
tribes, and have, in every other instance,
insisted upon a like performance of their
obligations. To relax from ihis salutary
rule because the Scminoles havo maintain
ed themselves so long in the tenitory they
had relingUished, audi in defiance of their
frequent and solemn engagements, still
coiitinuo to wage a ruthless war against
the United States, would not only evinco
a want of constancy on our part, hut bo
of evil example in our intercourse with
other tribes. Experience has shown that
but little is to be gained by the march of
armies through a country so intersected
with inaccessible swamps and marshes,
and which, from the fatal character of tho
climate, must bo abandoned at the end of
the winter. I recommend, therefore, to
your attention, the plan submitted by the
Secretary of War in the accompanying
report, for tho permanent occupation of
the portion of tho Territory freed from the
Indians, arid tho moro efficient protection
of tho poopld of Florida from their inhu
man warfare.
From tho report of the secretary of tho
navy, hcre.with transmitted, it will appear
that a large portion of tho disposable nav
al force is either actively employed, or'in
a stale of preparation for the purposes of
experience and discipline, and the protec
tion of out1 commerce. So effectual has
been this protection, that, so far as the in
formation of Government extends, not a
singloj.outragc has been attempted on a
vessel " carrying tho flag of tho United
States, within the present year, in any
quarter, however distant or exposed.
Tho exploring expedition sailed from
Norfolk on tho 10th of August last; and
information has been received of its safe
arrival at tho island of Madeira. The best
spirit animates tho officers and'erows, and
thero is every reason to anticipate, from
its efforts, results beneficial to commerce
and honprablo to the nation,
It will also be seen that lid reduction
of tho force now in commission is contem
plated. Tho unsettled state of a portidn
of South America renders it indispensable
that our commerce should rcccivo protec
tion in that quarter; tho vast and Increas
ing interests embarked in the trade of tho
Indian and Ohina seas, in tho whale fish
cries of tho Pacific ocean, and in the Gulf
of Mexico, require equal attention to their
safety; and a small squadron may bo em
ployed to great advantago on our Atlantic
CotSrt, In. mooting seOdfeh demands for
tho reinforcement of othei stations, in aid
ing merchant vessels in distress, in afford
ing active Service to an additional number
Of officers, and in visiting, tho different
ports of tho United States', an accurato
knowledge of which, is obviously of tho
highest importance. ,. .. , .t
, Tho attention of Congress is respectful
ly called to that portion of tho repott re
commending an increase in tho number pf
smaller vessels, and to oilier suggestions
contained in that document. The iapld
increase ai?d wido expansions of our com
merce, which is every day seeking new
avenues of profitable adventure; the abso
lute necessity of a naval force for its pro
tection precisely in the degrco of its ex
tension; a duo regard lo the national rights
and honor; tho recollection of its former
exploits, and tho anticipation of its future
triumphs whenever opportunity presents
itself, which we may rightfully indulgo
from tho experience of the past, all seem
to point to the navy as a most efficient
arm to our national defence, and a proper
object of legislative encouragement.
( Concluded. on fourth page.)
THE COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT.
"TltUTII WlTUOt"!
&j3 TUIUtJl Y, nncnJlBER 10, 1838.
"Wo are in the midst of a revolution,
but bloodless as yet," is an exclamation that
has been made use of by the whigs, when
ever thoy have been foiled, by tho demo
cratic party, .in their unholy machinations
against the rights and liberties of the peo
ple. But until now, they have not, since
the days of John Adams, had a sufficient
ly pliable tool in power to carry out their
designs of overawing the majority with a
military force, & compelling them to submit
to tho will of tho minority. It was left for
Governor Ritncr to attempt to consumato
this object, by ordering armed troops, from
a distant whig city, to assemble in Harris
burg, to surrounded the capital of our
3tate, for the purpose of compelling a ma
jority of tho legislature to submit to his will,
and to give him a pretext for arresting two
members of the house, and several citizens,
upon trumped up and groundless charges.
Governor Ritner the pliant tool of federal
ism, has 'by this act, waged war upon the
Legislature and upon citizens of the state
who had assembled at Hairisburg to wit
ncss the organization of the house, and had
not done aught to disturb the pcaco of the
town, save denouncing, in the language of
freemen, the leaders in this unrighteous
crusade against their rights, who were
attempting to consumato the frauds and per
juries committed by them, during tho late
election, by forcing into the Legislature, as
members, men, who were never elected,
and who had not been legally returned, and
of course were not entitled to scats. For
exercising this right they are denounced as
d mob, and of having been guilty of com
mitting "lawless -violence" and a military
force ordered out, to prevent in future a re
petition of an act, that every honest free
man would glory in being a participator.
ALARMING ATTEMPT TO OVERAWE
THE LEGISLATURE
On Sunday list, by order of Governor Ritncr,
tho hitherto quiet town of llarrisburg was thrown
into commotion by tho arrivul cf about 800 volun
teera from the city of Philadelphia, under the com'
mand of Major General Patterson. This has been
done, without any previous call upon tho civil nu
thoiity of llarrisburg to keep tho peace. On Monday
200 moro from tho city and 100 from Cumberland
county arrived. It will bo asked why aro all these
troops brought to Hamburg 1 Tho Kcystono gives
the following, which wo think tho true auswer.
"We do not think there can bo any doubt
but that the real object of bringing tho mili
tary here, is to overawo tho democratic por
tion of the Legislature to FORCE into the
halls as" members men who were never e
lccled by tho people, thereby to obtain a
majority to perpetuate tho administration of
Joseph Ritncr, to elect Thaddeus Stevens
to the United States Senale,and to cover up
the HEAVEN DARING FRAUDS,
which if unveiled would make every hon
est man in the Commonwealth, turn pale,
and sink the Ritnor party to merited infamy
for all time Id come. For theso purposes
have the military been called out by Gov
ernor Ritncr, aud tho state put (o an exjwnse
of at least 810,000 PER DAY until they
shall rotum to their homes.
The length of tho President's message,
which we publish to-day, oxcludos a groat
dealof interesting matter propped for this
number; ,
MISREPRESENTATIONS REFUTED.
Wo lay before our readers tho following
statement of the High Sheriff of Dauphin
county in relation to tho distiubanco men
tioned in the proclamation of Governor Rit
ncr. It entirely refutes his assertion that
llarrisburg is under tho control of a rriob,
or that tho beace of the town has been in
any way disturbed during the past week.
. ,. , SuchiFF's Office, ?
Borougho'f Ilarrisburir. Dec. 8. 1838
i, WILLIAM COCHRAN, iliuli Sher
iff of the county of Dauphin, in ho Com
monwealth of Perinslvania, having received
by the hands of tho Deputy Secretary, of
tho Commonwcalth, a copy oia proclama
tion ! 1 i... T t. tj:. r r
nun 13&UGU uy uuMuiJit luiuui, vruvuuiui u,
Ihis Commonwealth, dated the 4th day, of
December. 1838. in which he declares that
a lawless, infuriated, and armed . mob .has
assembled at the. scat of government! with
tho avoWed objectof disturbing, interrupt
ing and overawing the Legislature, and of
preventing its proper organization, and the
peaceable and free discharge of its duties;
and also, that said mob has threatened vio
lence and death lo the members of the Leg
islature and other officers of the Common
wealth, and that still remains in force here,
setting tho law at open defiance, and ren
dering it unsafe for the legislative bodies to
assemble at the UapitoI;,jnd therefore, call
ing upon the civil authorities to exert them
selves to restore order to the utmost ol" their
power, and upon the. militia force to hold
themselves in readiness to repair lo the seat
of government and upon all good citizens
to aid in curbing this lawless mob, and in
reinstating tho supremacy of the laws
have deemed it. my duty, as tho principal
peace officer of tho county, lo slate briefly
the facts relativo to the alledged disturbance
of the public peace at llarrisburg, as far as
I am acquainted with the same.
I have been in and about tho borough of
Harrisuurg, during tho whole ol the present
week, and hqvc, met and mingled with the
citizens of this Commonwealth,, assembled
at llarrisburg to witness tho organization
of the Legislature, both in and about the
town, and at different periods oh Tuesday
and Wednesday, in and about Ihs Capitol ;
and I have not seen nor hedrd or any " in
furiated mobs," or riotous proceedings,
which reqired my interposition to preserve
the peace. It is true I learned that there
was some uproar and confusion in the
Chamber of tho Senate on Tuesday, and in
the House of Representatives on Wednes
day; but both these bodies possess, under
the Constitution and laws, ample power to
preserve the peace and keep order within
their. respective houses. I neither witness
ed nor heard of any proceedings there whicl:
rendered it necessary for me lo interfere.
have heard of no threats against any man's
life or property! nor has tho Governor or
any ol his mends, or-any ot the members
of the Legislature; called on hie to aid in
preserving the peace, or in protecting their
persons and property against violence. I
have been at all times ready and anxious to
preserve tho peace and quiet of the Doreugh
of llarrisburg, and I have no doubt but that,
at any mpment, when my services might
have been required to prevent disorder and
violence, I Should, have found abundant
power to sustain my efforts, in the coolness,
firmness, independence, intrepidity and pat
riotism of tho citizens of Dauphin county
I havo seen no occasion" to call upon tho
civil authorities of other counties, or upon
the military forco of the Commonwealth,
to quell mobs, or prevent riots; and am of
opinon, that at no time during- the present
month, lias there existed any danger winch
would require civil or military force to re
pel it. I mako this statement both in jus
tice to myself, and lo prevent unnecessary
excitement in remote parts of tho Common'
wealth.
l. s,3 Given under my hand, and seal
at llarrisburg, tho day and ypar aforesaid.
WILLIAM COCHRAN,
Iligh Sheriff of Dauphin County,
We havo received in an Extra From the
Ropoitor office, an address lo tho freemen
of Pennsylvania, by tho Democratic mem
bers of the Senate and House of Represen
tatives, civinir a plain unvarnished state
ment of tho transactions that have occurred
at Harisbiinr, since the commencement of
Session. We aro unable to publish it this
week, btit will givo it in our next!
We are under obligations to Major
William Colt, the Representative from
this county, for sundry public documents
and for his attention in commimicating to
us early information of the events that
have transpired at llarrisburg, during thb
past week.
The Rilner papers here, havo vied with
each other for tho last ton days, in endeav
oring to invent and publish the greatest
falsehoods.lt ia well for them that their char
acters havo been so well established during
the lalo disgraceful campaign that thoirown
friends do not credit their statements they
are perfectly harmless & thoreforo we shall
not waste our timo and ttlain our paper, by
attempting to contradict or rofuto them.
' . . ' Keystone)
i no iwmp rarnamoni meat every oay
in, somo byo-placo,inllarriaburg,but as thred
whigs, more honorabjo than tho refit, rc
fuso lo assemble with thciri, they are unablo
to form aquorum.as they number but forty
nine, without thoUiree seceding membora.
Wo last week gave an account q( tho organita
Hon of tho legislature by tho nppoinlment of two
speakers of tho house Sinco then, the democratic
members havo everyday regularly nescmblcd in
tho legislative hall, but not having been rccognitcd
lif ll.n r . I ''....'
j uuwui ut Governor, navo Dcen unable- io no
any business, thn whig poition of tho Representa
tives, on tho Hi day of the session, attempted to tako
possession of tho hall, .but wcro e.oon compelled to
make room for.tho democratic members. Ud to
Monday last they had not again attempted to disturb
its nrocccdings,( Tho democratic members of tho
Sc.nr.to attended every day, but thero was not a quo
rum, in conscguenpo of tho absence o most of tho
whig members, until Saturday, phen tho whigs all
attended with tho exception of tlio ,Bpaker, Mr.
i enrose, On Monday they again met, with tho
speaker in the 'chair, but transacted no business of
importance. ,,
On Tuesday ths Senate canvassed tho voles for.
and against tho New Constitution, and declared tlio
now Constitution adopted by arntijorlty of J212, ox-,
duding tho votes of ten districts out of tho seven
teen in Philadelphia county, which would havo in
creased tho majority to about 40o61
On Wednesday, the speaker of the Sen
ate opened such returns for Governor as tho
Secretary of tho commonwealth thought
proper lo present to him, and upon casting
them up, declared David R. Porter elected
Governor by a majority of 6',4iJ5, -but tho
actual majority was 10,013.
Otir accounts from llarrisburg are up
to Thursday morning, when it was esti
mated that ihertwere more than 1000 7
izens, and about 1200 tioZenfecrs, in the
town, and the cry was " still they are
coming., No compromise had been ef
fected'. . - , ,
77ic Keysitne of Tuesday says, that tit
addition to the volunteers from PhiladeU
phia, several companies from fork and
Cumberland are quartered on the opposite
bank of the river, not able to obtain lodg
ing in town.. It was expected that 'large
reinforcements would be in the town on
Wednesday. Citizens were flocking from
all quarters to witness the folly of Govern-,
or miner, and to satisfy themselves of
the wickedness of his advisers.
IIYMENIAI.
5
MARRIEDr-In St. Paul'a Church,
Bloomsburg, on,. Tiiesday Evening last, by
the Rev. Mr. Drakb, Mr,. Jacpb K. Edgar,
to Miss Catharine Jane, tlaughtor of Mr.
Geo. Beidleman,.all of Bloomsburg
By the Rev. Mr. Tobias, on the OtH ulr,
Mr. John Mauser to Miss Lydia Wert
man, of Hemlock township.
1 am in Earnest.
'HnR1i?,WA"B?'ff7'. T ? T
A
few months sinco I gavo.notice that I wanted
my BOOK ACCOITTVTS settled.
and but very littlo attention was naiif to it by thoso.
interested. I now give' furthct- notice, that all poi
sons having open accounts with me, must call and
settle them, either by Note or Cosh, wthin TWO,
MONTHS from datq, or they will bo required tp
settle wilha Justiceof the I'cace. No mistako this
time. DANIEL SNYDER.
Bloomsburg, Dec. 8, 1838.
N. B. I havo also on hand several NOTES)
which must also bo exchanged1 for CASH, within
tho above lime, or tho signers will havo to pay cos
Physician & Surgeon,"
Informs the citizens of Bloom and vicini
ty, that he has located himself in the village;
of Blomsburg, wheie he wjll always bd
ready to attend to all calls Tor his profession
al services.
Office next door lo llob'isons Stage Officer
Oct. 13 1838.
400 Ns. uisons, for pios and Preserves very
godd and cheap. .
300 ",s' "A quality goo'd and cheap.
300 N". bunch box raisdns good and cheap. ,
100 'U3- European currants first ijuality nndun'
. common cheap ,
1Q drums, of figgs very good article and cheap.'
10 bushels European groundnuts,
200 lbs. English walnuts.
200 lbs. crcamiiuts. .
200 lbs filberts or. English Hazelnuts.
lb boxes Scotch herring smoked.
3 barrels of water crackers.
3 barrels of sugar biscuit i .
And hundreds and thousands of other articles fresh
goods and cheap, justfrom the city of Philadelphia,
and for salo at tho well known cheap Drug Storo
and Health Emporium in the town of Blcomsburg
Col. co- Pa.
Oysters': Oysters!
THE Subscriber has just received a snn
ply of Alllbov OvsiinB'a. fresh ami
fiuo. He has mado arrangements to havo
a regular'supply during the winter.
J. R, MOVER.
November 24; 1538,' Jvi;
I-.:-.-...