fes
QaovERNon's message cokcujdgd.
The law nftho lOtli April, 1835, 'to
graduate lands on which money is ilnc mid
unpaid to tlio Cotrininnvvealtli of Pennsyl
vania," will expire by it? own limitation,
on iha 10th of April next. The ohjcot of
this law was to encourage the patenting of
lands, by proportioning tho purchaso mon
ey payable to tho Statn, to the actual valuo
of the land. The end aimed at by tho Le
gislature in passing it, has been largely at
tail o I, as will appear on comparing the a
mounl of money brought into tho Treasury
from ttiu source, since its passage, with
that of previous yeats. There are, wi;h
out doubt, still many tracts similarly situa
ted with tlios'o whinli have already obtain
' ed tho benefit of the law. I would there
Tore recommend its further extension, not
merelv as an act of justice, but as one
which will have a good effect on the pub
lic revenue.
The lien of the Commonwealth on the
land owned by John Nicholson and I'eter
Baynton, has recently caused some excite
ment amoni? the citizens claiming that prop
erty. It has been the practice for many
years for the Governor to appoint agents
for tho discovery of the Nicholson land
with the ceneral powers described in the
act of 1825 on the subject; Heretofore
the agents, though clothed with general
powers of discovery, have confined their
researched to a few tracts; hut latterly, ow
ing to the increasing value of land "in tho
roal and other regions, they have gbne into
an investigation of the titles of whole sec
tions of the State, and have thereby intro
duced general alarm and distrust. Under
these circumstances the Secretary Of the
"Commonwealth, in whose office the re-
mrtaof Nicholson's agents are filed for the
inal action of the Nicholson Hoard; has,
with my concurrence adopted a more strict
'course of proceeding than that heretofore
indulged in. The report is now required
to set forth a full description of the tracts
attempted to be charged with thejien, and
an explicit ileti.i' of the manner in which it
js intended to establish the claim of the
State, so as to inform the adverse claimant
.of the facts necessary to bo disproved.
This practice, together with the rule adopt
ed by the Nicholson Roir 1, compose I of
the Attorney General, Auditor General,
Surveyor General, and Secretary of the
Land Office, not to acton an v case of the
kind hereafter, except at a fjill Board, has
already checked much of the loo-c proceed
ings of the agents, and the excitement of the
claimants. The matter is now referred to
the Legislature that such measures may be
taken as shall be consistent,, not only with
the claim of the State, but with the safety
of land titles, particularly in tho coal re
gions, a matter of far greater importance to
the State, than the collection of the bal
ance of the lien. Should the Legislature
decline acting on the subject, and should
the excitement continue, i may become ne
cessary to supercede the commission of the
agents as the only quieting measure in my
power.
During the past season, the geological
survey of the state., commenced in the
spring of 1830, has been regularly and ra
pidly progressing, in consequence of the
additional aid given by the legislature at its
last session. The field of detailed opera
tions has been chiefly confined to the por
tion of tho s(ate lying between tho, south
mountain and the New York state line,
and the Delaware and Susquehanna fivers.
Other portions of the state have also been
explored, in a general manner, preparatory
to a more minute survey. It will lie per
ceived, that the operations of the season
embrace all tiro anthracite f.oal bods, and
many of the rich iron depositcs of the state.
ben the formation thus nequire'd by the
chief geologist, .shall be laid before the pub
lic, which will be as soon as full certainty
tif results, and the general interests of the
survey will admit, it will be beyond u doubt.
amp!v reward the patience and support of
the friends of the measure.
No feature in the rich mineral formation
of this state is-more remarkable, than the
vicinitv to cadi other of coil and iron.
I reouentlv, they form different strata "f
the same I til. Admitted as they are bv
all, to be the main elements of our wealth,
it is at prpsent hardly possible to estimate
the advantages which we shall derive from
tlie same union of them in the arts, which
Providence Iras thus formed in their posi
tion. When the attempts now ma'.ing iu
Clearfield, Lycoming, SchuvlkilU and oth
er counties, to smelt iron with mineral cod
sba'l be successful, as they will be, as cer
tainly as it is true, that AmViic.in ingenuity
is equal to that of any o'tuor country, the
cflkvt will be immeiisaly alvanlage MHover
tin while state. Notonly will the hith
erto barre i hills and silent valley of our
mo inUin ranges, teem with usalul popula
tion, but the whole agricultural portion of
the state, will acquire additional value,
from tho consequent increased demand for
provisions to supply tho n.iiingand smelt
ing districts. 'I he public works will find
ntnplo employment, and a population four
times our preaent number, will bo support
ed in happiness, because in the enjoyment
of competence, produced by honorable and
profitable inuuutry.'
li.ve.-v attention should be to the full
devuiuiHSiuetit ol inu rcoources of tho state,
In turn point of vie.vj permit me to be
sdcjk vour tuvoraulu reception of tho me
tinnu; ul luu t'raiiKiin Institute, which will
bts latJ ueioro jou, oultiB subject of a tjehool
ijm3 and hojuiu. The object S 1 c?
tablish an Institution to afford Instruction
in tho application of the sciences and arts,
to the practical business ol lite, particularly
to agriculture, and to teach tho correct the
ory and practice of mining, with the scion-
cos therewith connected. i bo proiect is
of tho deepest importance to the future pros
perity ol the commonwealth.
It is necessary to invito the attention of
the legislature to the act of 1 5th April,
831. relative to the standards and denomi.
nations of weights and measures. That
act expired, by its own limitation, on tho
15th of last April, before anv of the duties
enjoined upon the executive were perform
ed. I he agency ottlio I'ranklin Institute,
bad been requested and obtained by my
predecessors, and the matter has been since
continued in the same well qualified hand.
The accompanying letter from the clnir
nian of the committee, to whom the sub-
jeet is now entrusted by the institute, will
explain the cause ot dplay which has oc
curred, and the proposed cost and manner
of accomplishing the object. But as no
thing can be done unless the law he re-
enacted, permit tnc to suggest tho propriety
of that measure.
It lias been frequently. a icproar.h to
Pennsylvania, that her great staple, coal, is
not used on her public works, while neigl -
boring states have it m successlul opera
tion. Though it is not hy any means cer
tain that mineral coal, particularly of the
anthracite kind, has been successfully usp.l
to generate steam any where on rail road",
it least to anv prnhtable extent, vet the
object is one of paramount importance here.
A lew years more will so thin our lorests.
tint wood, to supply our locomotives and
ntlnr steam engines, must hecune scarce.
Now is the proper time to provide a sub
stitute. All see that it must tic coil. Hit
the use of it for this particular purpose, is
not vet sufficiently understood: nor the re
quisite knowledge ever be acquired by state
experiments, except at greatly increased ex
pense. 1 would therelore, advise that in-
ucements be held otr by the state, to en
courage individuals to embark in the under
taking. Such a stimulus will soon effect
the object.
The culture of the mulberry and the
production of silk, are now known to be
well adapted to the soil and climate of this
state. The care ot the sill; worm is also
uitod to the other employment of the mass
of our population, and the manufacture of
the article will add greatly to our wealth.
I'he legislature endeavored to promote it,
y the act of 1832, authorising the estab-
ishmcnt of one silk company in each coun-
bit the means adopted, seem not to
have produced the desired remit. A com
pany has been cbarteted in each of the
counties of Beaver, Chester. Cumberland,
Lancaster, Lebanon and Philadelphia, hut
without much apparent success; nor is it;
perhaps, desirable that they should sue
eed. The silk business will, undoubted
ly, become one of first rate importance a-
mong us and will probably be the sooner
irlv established, if lelt to the unrestrained
exercise of private enterprise, properly en
couraged by the legislature. With this
view, I would recommend it at a small pre
mium beoff red by the state, for a limited
time, on upended quantities oi ine article,
when tho production of our own soil and
ndustry.
Tho "accompanying memorial from the
'society for alleviating the miseries of pub
lic prisons,' will be read with interest as
coining from a body that has accompanied
so much for humanity in the perfection of
the penitentiary system ot rennsylvania.
I'heir object now is, to carry that system
the county prisons, with the view ol
obviating the demoralizing effect produced
by throwing the mere debtor or the new and
comparatively guiltless culprit into the
sane den of v ice with thooul ami hardened
offender. It appears that the jails of ma
ny of the counties are very old structures;
that of Delaware was built in 1721, L in-
castor in 1710, l orK in I71'J, iMirinamp-
ton in 1750, and those oTOhester and Cum
berland at an early day Mot of the oth
ers are enn.Mruete.l on the old plan, though
recently built. It must theielore be that
thev are all ill adapted to the increased
population and improved prison discipline
oT the present lime. Permit me to recom
mend this matter to vour serious attention,
as one intimately connected with the moral
wellarc ol tho stale.
Perhaps the best measure that couhl now
be adopted would be the pas-ago of a law
making it the duty of the secretary of the
ommonweelth to collect Irom the biu'rill
ofthe different counties, and report to the
next legislature for their action on the s il.
rt so I 1. i'I ! I'
jeet, lull inlormation oi ineii iicoi imiiuing.
sro interior arrangements and discipline oi
ill the country prisons m the state, together
with the actual arid usual numbers of nru-
ourrs. whether as debtors, persons accused
of ciime, orVonviets, and the kind, cost
and manner of subsisting them. I ho occa
sion would also presont a fine" opportunity
lor acnuiring correct aim uuauii inmiiii.i-
tion as to the education, moral culture, anil
temnerate habits of tho convicts, so as to
nxh hit the connexion between ignorance
or intemnerance and crime, In legislation
on tho subject, caro should however be ta
ken to exclude the idea of an intention t
interfiim with the rights of d btors, and
persons mere v confined for trial, by any
investigation not necessary to the adminis
tration ol justice, or by the application to
them ol the system ol involuntariy lauor,
The law of the 0th April, 1830, imposing
a Sjata UUf upon proceedings to courts, and
upon deeds, mflrtgajres, letters testamentary
and letters of administration, was' passed
when tho public revenue required extraor
dinary expedients.for its increase. The
condition ,and future prospects nftho Trea
sury, arc now diiteront. . l nis tax was
always much complained of. Paid, as the
greater poition of it is, hy the Mready dis
tressed and perhaps improverished .debtor,
or by the family nftho deceased owner of
a limited estate, which, by the law is liable
to the same tax as a large one it falls on a
portion of society that can least afford it.
I would therefore recommend its repeal.
The revision of the cml code lately
closed, has intn.dnced some new provisions
into the laws of the State, which are not
found to .operate well in practice and will
require further legislation. By the old
law of the State, debts due to a person who
was himself n debtor, could not be taken in
execution by his creditor. By thc22d scc
tcction ofthe present act, "relating to exe
cutions," this may bo done without any
limitation. It appears to me, that this pow
er overclaims upon others, is calculated in
some inlances to produce groat hardship. I
have recently heard of a case, in which the
months' earnings, forming the only support
of the family of a citizens thus situated.
were at (ached for an old debt, incurred
while he was in other circumstances.
Such an unlimited provision could only
have been admitted into the law by inad
vertence. I would therefore suggest the
propriety of exempting a certain portion of
the earnings, or the earnings for a designa
ted time, of the debtor, from execution, in
the same, manner as household utensils,
atld other necessary articles are now hy
law exempted. There can be no loss oi
in hislice to the ceditor in such a provision.
because the honest debtor will voluntarih
devote to the payment of his debts, all the
money be can spare Kom the support of his
family, which no law should be permitted
to interfere with. 'And the dishonest man,
when he finds that his daily labor tloes not
contribute to tho supply of his own wantt
and those of his faintly, will riot labour at
all. So lint, from the present law, little
good will result to the creditor, and much
evil may be entailed on the debtor's familv
and on Society.
I have thus recommended such measure?
as at present seem to bo expedient and ne
cessary. I will not now occupy more oi
your time, except to say, that it will afford
trie sincere pleasure to concur in any othei
means', for the good ofthe Commonwealth.
which the wisdom ot the Legislature tna
devise and adopt.
JOS. K1TNEK.
ExncuTivn CiiAMBEn,
llarrisburg, Dec. G, 1837.
OFFICE OF THE DEMOCRAT,
Nrxt door to Roiuson's Staoi: Offici:,
77ic COLUMBIA DEMOCRAT will b,
puUishcl every Salur lay morning, a
T'VO DOLLARS per annum, payabl
half yearly in a 'vance, or Two Dollar
Fif'y Cent is, if not pai I within the year.
No subscription will lie taken for a shortei
perio I than sir months ; nor any discon
tinuance permi'ted, until all arrearages
arc discharge .-
ADVERTISEMENTS not exceeding v
square will lie conspicuously insenel at
One Dollar for the first three insertions,
and Twen'y-five cents for ivry m''sr.
quent nsertion. SQ. liberal diseoun
ma 'e 'o those who r Ivcrlise by the yca;
LETTERS a hlresscd on business, mus
be post paid.
STOKE GOODS AT COST!
THE subscriber ingoing to remove to the WeM
on the firkt nf January iicut ami would re
spcctfully inform the uhlic that lie is now belliut
oil his stock of Merchandize, consi.lmg ot
Dry Goods, Hardware,
Groceries, Queens
Ware, &c.
At cost, for cash or country Produce, or Luml cr
TJARNHAKT BAHI1K.
Cattawis a, Oct.H, 1837.
A III. persons indebted to the eubseril cr am ko-
7!?A lieiteu to cull and scttlo immediately, other
tvue their accounts will be placed in the hands o
nmasistrale for collection.
HAUNIIAKT DAI5DC.
Uattn'wissa, Oct. H, 1837.
TII12 milisrril cr would rcprcrtfully inform the
public, that ho linn taken the btoro recently
occupied by Mr. McDowell, in Orangcvillc, nml i
now opening and receiving from New York anil
Philadelphia a splendid aKtortmcut of all Mnds o
MERCHANDIZE,
which ho will dispose ofat tho most reduced prices
tor cn-di or country produce. 1 lie public arc. mvi'
ted to call and examine, for themselves.
WILLIAM FAUX.
Orangoville, Oct. 7, 1837
JOHN S. INGHAM,
WlfiiVDEHS Ids professional tervices to thociti
W zensof Columbia county. Ho will feel grate.
ful tor business ontrutted to hts cure. OKco in tho
samo building with tho 'Columbia Democrat.'
UloomburK, May. I837. .
lUItOAl'S, just received, and for salo at tho
now fc cueap store ot
J. T, Mumltnan, .J Co.
Orphan's Court Sale.
X purtuanco.of on order of tho Orphnn'i Court
of Columbia counlv. will bo exposed to sale, by
nubile vendue or outcry, on Monday, tlc frit day
of January next, tho following dttciiUtl ical rro
petty, to wit : A certain
TRACT OF LAND,
situate iu the township of Madison, Columbia coun
ty, bounded by lands of William Giiton. Krq. John
Heller. John Uillhcim. and others, containing about
Klfillty-Kour Acres, about two-thiidt of which
is cleared land, and on which arc erected a
AND A BANK BARN,
a LOG STABLn, a 8PKIKG-I10USC, and other
out-buildiugs. A good sprhiir of water in c,ouac
nirnt to the dwelling, and on the premUcs is an ex
cellent PEACH & APPLE
uv
5
containing a choice selection of fruit. The land is
watered with numerous springs, ami about FIVE
ACHES of which is good meadow ground.
(T'The sale will commence nt 10 o'clock of fold
day, on the premises, when duo attendance will be
given, and terms of sale made known, by
WILLIAM CIKTON, Adm'r.
December 0, 1837.
f ?
general supply of FRESH OVSTEHS may
always be obtained during the season, by ni-
plymgat tnc Kclcctory ofthe subscriber in lilix'mi
burg. JOHN It. MOVEU.
Decembers, 1837.
run
AND
PtfSSIA
at?
SATJIT,
CTKF tho most durable materials, and finished in a
X. K superior and fa-hiouablc style, at from
to cacti, jutit recched and for sale nt the store
of C.li. FISIIEK.
Uloomsburg, December 2, 1837.
The Eitalc of ADAM WELLIVE11,
late of Madison Township, Columbia
coun'y, deceased.
"TSJOTICE is hereby given, that Letters of Ad
JLI ministration have been granted to the sub-
urihcra on said estate. J hercfore all persons hav
ing claims against said estate are requested to pre
cnt them, and thoso indebted oro requested to make
immediate payment.
Cail Thomas,
Thomas Jl'ellivcr,
November 17, 1837. Administrators
The, Esia'e of JOHN .KITCHEN, late
J ita:(ison- toivnslnp, Columbia coun
ty, decease I.
-pTOTIOE is hc'cby given, that Letters Testa
isl nientory have Vein grant) il to the mbscri-
iers on the estate of said deceased. Therefore al-
pcrsons hating claims againt said estate nro ic-
lU-Mcd to present them, and those indebted arc re-
UCbted to make immediate payment.
Nancy R'i'chen, Executrix,
Richard JJcmolt, Executor.
November 17, 1837.
AND
1
EXCHANGE
The SubKcrilicr
"IK7'EItY respectfully informs his fijerukand t)ie
V public, that he ha always 011 hand, at his Li-
very btable in Uloomsburir. for tho nurnosesof Hire
or Exchange, a variety of
Horses, Sulkies,
GIGS, WAGGONS AND SLEIGHS,
which he will feel gratified to keep in readiucss for
the accommodation of customers.
Personal application can be made at his residence.
hen every means will be. used to render entire sat
isfactionto those who may gie him 11 rail.
NOAH 8. 1'ilENTIS.
nioMuburg, November -1, 1837.
INSURANCE AGAINST FIRE.
THE DELAWARE COUNTY
Insurance Company.
Capi'al authorised by Law, $250,000.
CHARTER PERPETUAL.
THE public are respectfully informed, that this
(yojnpany will make insurance, either jrr
uictuent or limited, on property and effects cf ccry
description, against lois or damage by fire, en ll.'o
uiosi rcHonawo terms, nt ttieir cllico in Cluster
Delaware county, Pennsylvania.
'J'bo citizens of Columbia county are hereby in
formed, that insurances by the above Company of
every description of property, can bo ellWted by
applying to tha undcrs'ianed asont. in Cattawissu
The following ore the annual l!atoof Insiuiinco
on tho $100, upon tho most Comtoon description
of 1 rapetty, viz:
6Yoie or liriek dwelling
houses 30 to 10 cent it
Frame or Log do. 00o75 "
Urick or Stone barns,' flOofjal "
Frame or Log do. 750 100
Brick or Slant Grist
Mills, 62JO100"
Frame do: 75 to 100
Merchandize and furniture enn'tainrd in huises
mid gruiu and utensils iu mills and barns, in pro,
portion. Infoin.ution rani chid by applying ei
ther personally, or by letter juit ) iul, to
EZKA 8. 1IAYHUU6T, Agent.
Cattawissa, September 30, 1837.
R IRON, Just received, ond for talc ot the
new Si cheap store of
VqvejTAlMti-4, 1837.
t
T. Mussclman, 5 Co,
HATS
New & Cheap Goods,
at tiii: 7
ffiHEOL'C HQS-
RUPERT & BARTON,
. . (Successors to K. II. Hlggs,)
RESriiCTFULIiY niinntinro to 1) o r
friends nntl tho puhlic. that they huo pur
chased from E. 11. TIij jrs his intorcst in ftp
storo fonierly kept hy hint, nntl that ihcy
Inivo just received an oxtensito and F len
did assortment of
Fall & Winter Goods,
which they arc now opening fur the e.a..
initiation and accommodation of Customi-rii,
tit the New Store House, just cunstriiiMed
hy Mr. lligirs, and opposite to Mr. Itohj
sons sin-re office. Their afsortnient is nt
only very extensive, hut carefully s-'elecln
to answer the. (lemaude ofthe neighl cur.
hood; and although they wish not tor ver
lise their price, yet they feel confident that
they have heller goods", and will sell chea
per than any store iu Hlootushtig.
Their new stock has hcen purchased at
the inniuifucturcr.s' csluliif litncnt., nt the
very lowest prices, and consists of ,
DP.Y GOCDS3
8UUII AS '
Illuc, Black, Drown, Invisible Green, and
Taney coloured Cloths, f assitnrres
and Sallinclls ; Silks, Merinos,
Ginghams, anil Calicoes ;
lAnncns and Muslins ;
J'cslings, Stoiki,
RADIUS' BQKTNETS,
1
CO
In fine, they have every thing which ne,
ccssily or fancy may di'Mre fro in n yard n
tape to the finest article in Dry Go.nds, and
from a needle to a stove in llardu are.
Their slock of
HARDWARE, IRON.,
China, Glass,
aUEENSWARE :
F-A.I1TTS,
Groceries & Liquors.
Oih, Salt and Pish, Holl ir-ivarc,
i-c. ly-c. .y-c f)-ci
is more extensive and helter selected than
the sanui articles in any of the neigh
houring stores.
Thosr; who wish ?ie,' chcan, rnfl rooit
articles of Merchandize, should cail at the
"llloonishurg Arcade" either heforc or af
ter exaining elsewhere,-anil luakelheii pur
chases. All kinds of Country Produce taken in
payment at the hihest" market prices.
Illootnshurg, Nov. 18, 18.T7.
HEW GOODS.
The SultMorlfscr
AS just received from Philadelphia, a fresh
assortment of GOODS, wlmli lmvn ht-m
purchased very low, and aro now tillered to ruitoin-
crs at reduced prices. An excellent article of Cor
rr.r. is now oll'ercd.iit tuehc 111, il a half cinlf per
round- first quality of New Orleans Sugar at tin'
renh.anH second quality at e'gil en j tr Lqund:
lie hn alsoa large and full assortment of
Iron 81 Hollow-Ware,
Which he offers at the lowest prices. The t ublic
oro respectfully invited to call and examine his as
sortment. (C)" All ''inds of country produce will be taken
n exchange for goods.
.-.CD. FISHER.
Uloomsburg, Aug. 10, 1837.
F a superior quality, just rcccicd rrd for sale
by tho subscriber. C. II. FISHER.
Illoomslurg, Ang. 0, 1837.
Salt I Salt ! - .
0(2 J3 J9 quantity of Rrnvml Alum Salt, juit
received, und for 6ale at tho cheap More of
J. T. Mussclman, $ Co.
Nov. 11, 1837.
t i
STOVES
JUST received and for salo at the store of th
subscriber, splendid assortment of WOOD
i l U I both . lain and with ltoilcrs. AFko an
vsortmciit of round and tquaro Coil Srv; of
dtllercnt Eizcs. C. 1J. FI6HLII.
lHoonuburg, Scj t. 30, 1837.
8 Pieces of, Assorted Merii oi, double we'dtli
and on assortment of lilacc thri-o, of ave
n tuperior quality, just opened ami for rele ot tha
N cw and Cheaji btorc of U10 subKril era la Dlocnj
hurg. i, -p. m 1 eSELMAN, i Co.
Octobers J ,.1807.