' an re ore ; .ara.
A conglomerate wink, to Use a geological
phrase, has lately been published in Philadel
phia, entitled
“The Types ol Mankind," made
o f- c ontributions from the late Dr. Morton,
Agassiz, Usher, Nott,and Gliddon. This work
is destined to create something of a commo
tion in the religious world. The idea of the uni
ty of the race of man is totally discarded by the
authors, one and all. Dr. Usher makes the as.
rounding statement in this work that a human
fossil has been found in New Orleans, in the
course of some excavation in that city, to which
presAdamito age is attributed. According to
his authority, the skeleton of a man, of the con•
formatioti of our catice Indians; was discover
ed at a depth of FIXIOCII feet lying below a suc
cct• ion
of four fossil cypress forests, to eaeh.ol
v. hich the age of 14,400 years is given. Ages-
FiZ is said to have accepted Mi.; as a fact, and
based upon it his assertion that nian existed
upon the earaat least 150 ) 000 years ago.—
The theologian tnust either disprove this state
ment of be compelled to admit a new exegu
sia of Holy Writ."
So says the Evening Post. But the New
Y-ark Tribune thus causes the collapse of the
Post's assumption : -
The Evening Post is responsible for the above.
We do not see how the fact that Dr. Usher
makes an "astounding statement" about a 'hu
man fossil to which a pre-Adatnite age is at
tributed," or even that said skeleton was found
at a depth or sixteen feet below "lour fossil
lure,ts, to each of which the age of 14,400
yenta is given," is an adequate basis for all that
is here piled upon. Considering the volume
of the mighty iVltssissippi, the liberties it takes
with its banks, the rapid growth and luxuriance
of vegetation in that Eenti•tropical region, and
the concurrence of natural convulsions in pro
ducing physical changes ) we think he must be
a boid rather than a safe generalizer who could
deduce with any confidence horn such data as
are here given the conclusion that man lius ex
isted on this earth 14,400 years much less 150,
000. We de not propose to dogmatize in turn,.
but we cannot believe that "Ito.
—compelled to Remit a new exegesis" on any
such grounds as these.
Amendments of the Constitution.
'llie lotiowing piopvsed amendments to the
Co slitutiori have pas,ed the House of Repro
entati yes, toil been passed to a Mild reading
in the &mate. The Constitunon requircitheir
to the people for approval:
"'rile aggregate amount of debt hereafter
contracted by the Commonwealth shall never
exceed t'500,000, except in case of war, to re
pel invasion, suppress insurrection, or to le
deem the public debt; and the money so raised
shell be applied to the purpose for which the
debt may be contracted, or to pay such debts,
Etliti DO other purpose.
'• pay the public debt, the Legislature
shall, at their next session alter the adoption of
this section into the Constitution, provide by
ktithl t il L ot i n c tiNitt i Me 8 1 1
be %%holly paid, to consist, &c.
"The credit of the Commonwealth shall not
in any way be given or loaned to, or in aid of
any individual company, corporation er aEscci•
ations; nor Omit the Commou wealth hereafter
t•ecome a joint owner or stockholder in any
coinpany, corporation or association in this
Commonwealth or elsewhere, formed for any
purpose.
"The Commonwealth shall never assume
the debts of any county, city, borough or town-
ship, of of any corporation or association, un.
less such debts shall have been contracted, to
repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend
the State in war.
The Legislature Omit never authorize any
enmity, city, borough or township, by vote of
its citizens, or otherwise, to become a stockhol
der in any joint stock company, assovimion or
corporation, or to raise motley for, or loan its
credit to, or in aid of any such company or as.
sociation."
The London Times upon the Czar.
, The war is . beguo, and has gone on a lung
time without any thing to call denial interfer.
ence on our part. The bloody reckoning has
commenced, and thousands of lives hate been
scored. The Czar owes a good deal to
justice and humanity, and the debt must
be paid. This' cheumstance of the account
having already begun, and the balance being
against the Czar just now, makes a considera.
ble difference in the feelings natural to the
present crisis. An independent country has
been invaded in a time of profound peace
and thousands of its subjects were slaugh
tered on their own soil, and the friendS.of that
country, or rather of her independence, heartily
pray for justice on the head . of the aggressor
and the common enemy of Europe. Surely
that is not quite as Messrs. Bright and Cobden
put it. They chose to think it a question sim
ply of peace or war. It is a good deal more
oven than a question of justice or oppression,
liberty or dependence. Russia owes amends'
to Europe. She has broken loose, removed her
neighbor's landmark, committed robbery and
murder, and both in the amount of mischief
done, and in the threat' implied to the whole
world has committed un intolerable outrage.—
Had any small State done the like it would pro
bably have been extinguished. Russia must
at least be brought to book, and punished,
if not, Europe is good for very little, and the
civilized quarter of the world must resign
its lofty pretensions to the next continent that
ahows any proper spirit and sense of aell-re
epect.
•'Kno 'othinga."—This political organization
it is said,' dates further back than the Masonic
fraternity. Absalom was'the head or leader of
the first party. See II Samuel XV. 11: °And
with Absalom went two hundred men out of
Jerusalem, that were called—and they went in
their simplicity, and they Knew nag eny.thing."
L'eliigl) Register.
Allyn Urals, Pa.
WEDNESDAY, NAY 10, 1854.
FOR GOVERN( R
JAMES POLLOCK,
Of Northumberland County
Fort CANAL C6I . OIII9SIoNER
GEORGE DARSIE,
Of All?gileity County.
I=
DANIEL M. SMYSER,
Of illonigomery County.
Post Office Law —lt is held by the Gene
ral Post Office Department, that under the
exiting laws, a newspaper may exchange
with a periodical and a weekly unit adaily.
L7lVill our Putt :ths:ress please take nolo
of thit ?
Firemen's Parade
The Firemen's Parade come off on Saturday,
as-stated in our last week's paper. The differ ,
en t Company's came out hi their strength,
numbering over Iwo hundred members, in pro
cession. At one o'clock the Companies met
at their Engine [louses, and under their respec
tive Alarshalls Minted the procession. The
Allentown Blass Band kindly volunteered their
services, which ol course gave life and anima
live to the whole affair. Air. Tilghman IL Good,
officiated as Chief Marshall. The procession
cceaded by the Band marched to the Lehigh Ba
•in, where the • members of the Columbia took
large of their !lose Carriage, wheeled into
line, and on their return marched through the
streets in the Borough. As the procession
moved through the town, the ladies, who are
never forgetful ol their duties, presented a
large number of beautiful wreaths to the differ
ent companies.
The Hose Carriage was manufactured by
Messrs. Young 4•Son, of Philadelphia, and we
wilily mine, Inspiays sisc,iiu.ss,gat
It is light in carriage, beautiful in painting and
strong in iron and wood work. It is calculated
to carry right hundred fat of hose, manufactured
by Messrs. Dialogue
The Philadelphia "Northern Liberty Fire
Company" very kindly loaned the members of
the "Columbia" a Piremans' Hat and Cape,
which was worn by Joseph Drifrich, jr., in pro
cession, and was very much admired; the
pattern was adopted by the Columbia, as their
uniform.
We learn that the New E..gine will be fin
ished and ready for delivery by about the first
of July next. It is intended to to quite a nice
—Machine."
Alter the Procession had moved through the
principal Streets they dismissed on the Public
Square, and each company returned to their
respective houte. Every thing passed off in
11g:a with the enterprise manifested by the
'• Firemen of Allentown."
Bank Vetoes
On the 4th of May, a message was received
from Gov. Bigkr, in which he returned with his
objections, the bills incorporating the Allentown,
the Donegal, the Catasauqua, and the Mt. Pleas.
ant Deposit Banks, which were severally taken
up and the veto sustained. We do not know
whether such a bank Was ever asked fur by the
citizens of Allentown or Catasauqua, so that but
few if any, are disappointed in the veto.
On the next day Senator Fry, read a bill in
place, to incorporate the Farmers' and Median.
ics' Deposit Dank of Allentown, which was taken
up, and passed finally. This bill contains the in•
dividual liability clause and was framed to re.
move the objections of the Bank.hating Guveri
nur,as declared in his message returning the bills
incorporating said bank. A pretty state ut al,
fairs indeed, when the Legislature must succumb
to the will of the Governor.
Catasauqua Railroad
This Road although o r posed by' [lieu of our
citizens, before its lia,:age, must he admitted
o be of incalculable interest to the Crane Iron
Company, when fillished, in the transportation
of Iron one and Limestone. Nearly opposite
Catasauque, on the west side of the Lehigh
river, there.are no lees than three heir Works
under way, and in course of erection, each of
which will he able• when finished to run one
hundred mid fifty tons of metal per week.
The five stacks at Catasaurpta are calculated
to run-tight hundred tons a =etc, and allowing
on an average, two and a half tons of ore anu
one ton of limestone to atoll of Iron, it would
be necessary to furnish a daily supplyrof thirty
one thousand tons of ore, and twelve thousand
tons of Limestone for consumption. The ques.
non naturally arises, can this amount be furnish
ed by 'teaming T Wo think not. It is therefore
indispensable to have a Railroad communica
tion with the different mines. along the Jordon,
in order more conveniently through all seasons
of 'the year to secure a full supply of the raw
material, hence the necessity of the Railroad
from Clitasaugna to Fogelsville. •
Sale of the Public Works
Gov. Bigler has signed the bill authorizing the
sale of the Main Line of the State improve
ments for the minimum price of Ten Million
Dollars. The terrhs of payment are niade ea
sy. It is believed the Penns)lvania Rail road
Company, will purchase the line, but it that
association does not deem it advisable to give
so much, we have no doubt a Company will
be found for their purchase, for the bill author
'izing the sale embodies the s inost valeablechar
ter ever granted by our State. We should be
much gratified it the Legislature before its ad
jourment make arrangements for the
,sale of
the other Divisions. Dispose of them, stop the
leaks in our Treasury, and the State will here
lieved from debt in a few years, and the bar
dens of taxation most cheeringly . reduced.
Corruption at Harrisburg.
The course of Legislation as discharged by
our flarrisburg correspondent, says: the tlnde•
pendent Whig' must startle and astound honest
men of all parties. The last Legislature of this
State became notations over the country for the
corrupt means used, or brought to bear upon
its legislation—but,from what we learn respect.
ing the present, it was far behind in the appli
ances of, bargain and sale. It seems now to be
a generally understood matter, that the serrides
of toe Legislature is in the market, to be per
chased by the highest bidder—and that legis
lation is made to suit the notions ofthose who
have the longest purse, Emil- are the freeest
pay era.
. That thi4 is the case with all, is not preten•
ded for there are, no doubt, many honorable
exceptions—many whose votes cannot be
bought with a price—but the great mass is be.
lieved to be tainted; more or less ; and tip .
State, as well as the constitution of such me.l"
tiers, is disgraced by their deeds of corruption
and crime.
We hope that a thorough remedy will be ap
plied to-this great and alarm trig evil at the bal
lot box—arid that thcooe who have prostituted
their trusts as Legislators to "filthy lucre," will
be arraigned beloie the bar of public opinion
arid be rebuked in a manlier that will make
knaves tremble.
National Foundry
A letter appears in the "Reeding Gazette."
from the Hem J. Glancy Jones, the Itevresenta•
live in Congress horn Beats county, relating to
the bite of a National Foundry. He says:
"Immediately after my arrival in Washing
ton, I made inquiry about the condition of the
National Foundry bill, and found that the whole
subject had been referred to the Committee on
Military- Affairs, in the House, and also that a
similar reference had been made in the Senate
and that nothing could possibly be done until
these Committees report and the subject is
brought before the House or Senate. On see.
ing the report in the newspapers in relation to
this matter, I called upon the Secretary of
tS ar, woo 11/1 1 / 1 111CU 1110 Mal •••••••••••••••niel
were without the least foundation ; that he had
done nothing in the matter, and would do
nothing until authorized by act of Congress,
and if so authorized he would give due offi ,
cial notice so as to give ample time and op
portunity for ever section of country to present
its advantages for the location. While writing
this, 1 will also add a word in-relation to anoth
er bill, in which many of my constituents feel
a deep interest, viz: bounty lands for the sol
diers of the War of 1812. This bill is now
on the file in the Committee of the whole House
and cannot be touched until reached in its reg.
ular order. When reached, it will have hosts
of friends here to sustain it."
/Vlurderous Affair
On Thursday last, a quarrel originated be•
tweed two !fit;lnnen, named John 111cLofferty
and William a Bria. la horn,. ••• non
town Furnace. It appeared that Lafferty ac•
cased O'l3i . itM of having stolen money from his
pockets; this O'Brian strenuously- denied, and
in the excitement, the former threw the latter
with a stone on the back of hid head, that
caused his death the following day. A woman
who had the clothed of Lafferty to wash, found
the money in one of his pockets the same day
he had accused O'Brian of stealing it. This is
another evidence that persons should not be too
ready to accuse others of doing wrong, unless
fully convinced of the fact. Lafferty fled to
parts unknown, and O'Brian was burried in the
Catholic Cemetery, at Easton. -
Water Company
At an election for a board of Managers of the
Northampton Water Company, held on Mon
day the 3.11 of May, at the Public lloubo of J.
W..L'skt!ach, in the Borough of Allentown, the
following gentleman were duly elected :
J. M. Line, A. L. Itche, John Dielendeifer,
Eptiriurn Grim and E. R. Nei., hard.
Healiy Blast
On Satarday last ttie workmen on the Lehigh
Valley Railroad, at the Limestone ridge, near
Jacob Sehrsiber, in North IVliitehall township,
tifew ofi 22 kegs of powder in one blast, and
which gave such a tremendtionsshock, that a
feeble old man, named Philip Otto, who has
lately traversed the county, as a t , eissor grinder,
and not far ofl at the time, tell dead on the spot.
Lobenswerth
We are always pleased to hear our neigh
bore speak favorable of Lehigh county. 1n the
last issue of the "Independent Democrat" ed
ited by our friend Cole, we find a highly com
plimentary notice of our neighboring Borough,
Calasattqua, and her Railroad to licigelsville,
a village about nine miles west of Allentown.
Thal Catasauqua, is one of the most thriving
towns in the Sate, there is no question, and in
a business point of view, far exceeds that of
Easton, and as such unquestionably deserves a
reasonable portion of Legislative favors, and
we think, nothing could have been done that
will favor them more, than the passage of
this Railroad.
Iron froths in the United.—lt is stated that 16
iron works aro now in operutioii-9 in Ohio, I
in Massachusetts, and 1 in Maryland ; and are
prepared to turn out 160,000 tons of railroad
bars this season. Fur this produce ihe follow
ing raw materials will be required :—two hun
dred and thirteen thousand three hundred
and thirty two tons of pig iron, 840,000 tons
iron iron ore, and 213,333 tons of limestone.—
The capital of these 16 companies is $10,000,-
000; they support a population of 92,500 per
sons and consume $4,625,000 in breadstuffs,
besides affording a profit to all the various
branches of business in and around the mills.
17 - Herr Dried:tech, the lion tamer, has been
led captive to the hymenial altar by a Buckeye
belle,
Found Dead•
We are informed that on Saturday the 2901
of April, an Irishman. named iliczander
came to Owen Salads Tavern, ut Ruchsville,
North Whitehall township, Lehigh county, and
appearantly in gond health, having eaten a
hearty supper in the evening, before going to
bed. In the morning he was found a corpse.
A Coroner's Jury pronounced it a "death by
apoplexy."
A California Lake.
The Placerville Herald says that Lake Bigler
is one of the curiosites of California. It 13 a
lake fifty miles lung and from ten to twenty miles
north of the road to Carson's valloy. According
to the Herald it is a perfect paragon of a lake
a miniature paradise among the mountains. Its
wildly beautiful and romantic shores are lined
with forests, and its waters, which never freeze,
although surrounded by snow during a great
part of the year. abound in many varieties of
fish, among which the salmon and speckled trout
predominate. Su clear are its waters that the
objects on the bottom ere distinctly visible at a
depth of thirty or forty feet. Upon the eastern
side of the lake is a vast cavern extending to an
unknown distance into the heart of the moon,
lain. The entrance is arched in a peculiar man
ner, and the place, which has never been explor
ed, is believed by the Indians to be the abode of
the evil spirits of the mountains.
An Ancient Book—The oldest book in the Uui•
ted States, it is said, is a manuscript Bible in the
possession of Dr. Witherspoon, of Alabama,
written over a thousand years ago! Ile de
scribes it as follows : " The book is strongly
bound in boards of the old England oak, anti
with thongs, by which the leaves are also well
bound together. The leaves are entirely made
of parchment, of a most superior quality, of fine.
ness and smoothness little inferior to the best sal•
in, The pages are all ruled with great accura
cy, and written with great uniformity and beau,
ty in the old German text hand, and divided off
Into chapters and verses. The first chapter of
every book in the Bible is written with a large
capital off inimitable beauty, and splendidly if.
luminated with red, blue arid black ink, still in
vivid colors; and Ito two of the capital letters in
the book are precisely alike."
Something Worth Knowing.—We find the fol
lowing in an eschange, and as it is by no means
the first titne that we have heard of the cure, of
croup by the same remedy, we have but little
doubt of its efficacy.
...114 wife and I were aroused about two o'clock
by the struggling of our little boy, about two
years old, who was laboring under a violent at•
tack of the croup. Ilis breathing was so diffi
cult as to arouse persons who were sleeping in
a room beyond the hall. I hastily folded a tow•,
el, dipped it in cold water, and applied it to his
throat and breast. I then folded a sheet to the
proper sive, wet it and wrapped a blanket over;
that. Ile went to sleep in three minutes, and
slept till five o'clock, when he got up, was dres
sed, and went to play in three hours after the at•
nark• and we were reioiced al Oh« Cornlier. on%'
crs of cold waters."
The 7crritorirs.—The following Territories
now remain to be organized into Suites.
Square Miles.
New Mexico, . . . - 119,774
Indian or Kansas, . 187,171
Minnesota,. 83,000
. .
Oregon and Washington,. . 341,488
Utah, . 187,923
Nebraska and Northwestern, . 724.264
Total, .
Thomas Harding, former!) , Mayor of St. John
N. 1.3., and for forty years an Aiderman, lately
dropped dead while walking in a funeral pro•
cession.
A Large MendoriaL—The Memorial of. the
Spirtualists, presented in the Senate of the lint.
ted States and, alter a humorous speech from Mr.
Shields, laid on the table, is from N. P. Tana.
madge and thirt een tbon,.noa ostlers. "praying
the app. 11l
l
• talent of a scientific commission 1()
•ve...ognie certain physical and mental phenione.
na of a questionable origin and mysterious lm,
port that have of late years occurred in this coon,
try and Europe." The memorial is three
hundred and ninty•six feet in length, backed with
brown cotton and bound at the edges with pink
ribbon, and wound on a reel. Mr. Shields, in
the course of his rennet ks, aptly quoted the beau,
tiful aphorism of Burke : "The credulity of dupes
is as inexhaustible as the invention of knaves."
Tennessee.—.. Wha t is the matter in Tonnes,
see' We see it announced that Nebraska reso.
lutiOns have failed in the Tennessee House
of Pa presentaiives, after haying passed the Sen.
ate. The excuse alledeed, is that no quorum
was present.
,But why did absentees stay ; it is
also stated that Mr. Taylor, recently elected to
Congress from the fourteenth district of that
State. is uncompromrnisiligly hostile to the Ne,
braska bill.
Indiana.—Meetings have been held in different
parts of the Eleventh Congressional District pro.
testing against the perfidious attempt to appeal
the Missouri Compromise and sustaining the
course of Mr. Harlan, for the reference of
the INfebraSka bill to the Committee of the
Whole. Every paper in the d.strict not under
Government pay, goes fur freedom. From out.
cr pans of the State like demonstrations are be•
ing made.
Science in a S&P.—The Springfield Post says
if you open an oyster and retain the liquor upon
the deep shell on examining it with a microscope
you will find it lull of little oysters floating about
one hundred and thirty of which only cover an
inch ; you will also percieve in it a variety of
animalculm, and myriads of worms of three dis
tinct species gamboling in the fluid, IVe are
very well satisfied to find a single nice oyster
"between the shells" without going into a mi
croscope examination of the family affinities of
the bivalve.
ri r The ..Good for Noshing" is the name of a
new association in Allentown. They convene
every tunny day.
The friends of education will be glad to learn
that the new school b•it, preparrd by the Secre
tary of State, Mr. Black, has finally passed both
branches of the Lt gislature. While the gener
al features of the law do not differ materially
front those of the act previously in force, yet
some new provisions have been introduced which
cannot but have the best influence upon the cau,e
of public schools generally, and which were par•
ticularly desirable in this and some other towns
of the State.
The 2nd section is As follows
Salim 2. That school districts which are
composed of cities or Boroughs, divided into
wards for school purposes at the f.me of the pas
sage of this act, shall be CIIIIStItU it (I az foliows,
to wit :—Each ward shall retain its school prop,
erty, both real and personal, and elect a separate
board of directors, which shall exercise in their
respective limits, all the powers and duties of
school directors as regards the erection or repair.
ing of school houses, and the purchasing, renting,
or selling of school houses and lots, and shall also
levy, assess,collect & disburse in their respective
wards, hll taxes rendered necessary to the prop
er exercise of the foregoing powers, but all other
powers and duties pertaining to school directors
which arc conferred and enjoined by this act
shall be exercised in such city or borough by a
board of Controllers composed of the directors
of the several wards who are hereby authorized
and required to perform all the duties belonging
to boards of directors in single districts, with the
exception contained in this section: Provided,
That whenever all the boards of directors in any
such city or borough shall voluntarily execute
deeds of conveyance to the hoard of controllers
for all the school property belonging to their re
spective wards, and shall certify the same to the
Superintendent of Common Schools, then end in
that case such city or borough shall thereafter
compose a single school district in the seine
manner as districts not divided in wards, but the '
number of directors thereafter elected in such
city or borough shall be three for each ward
ThiS section constitutes a hoard of Controllers
made tip of all the Directors of the town, who
meet and elect the same officers as the ward
boards, viz :—Preslitent, Secretary and Treasu
rel., and this board exercises all the power here.
tofore vested iu the local boards (except such as
relates to the school property of each ward )
The board of Controllers makes general regula ,
tions in regard to the schools of the town, lays a
general tax for school purposes, designates the
number and grades of schools, number and sal
aries of teachers, employs teachers, and in short
merges all the boards in one,—except that each
ward retains its school property, must erect such
new buildings as it may need, and remains re
sponsible for its debts. •
The general school tax is for the current ex
penses of the schools in the city. To provide
for the ward expenses —as for budding new
school houses, repairs, payment of debts and in
terest; proviled in the 321 section that the
board of each ward than indicate to the board of
Controllers the amount of money they will need
tor such purposes and this is added to the gee•
era! tax fur the wand and is paid to tile order of
the ward dirt:nous,
Thus, if the boatel of Controllers find that 3
toil's would rake money enough for general put%
poses, a particular board might order half a mill
additional to be laid upon their ward, which
would consequently entitle them to one seventh
of all the tax collected from the ward, and so of
any other sum,
The 31st section does away with the present
clumsy mode of collecting school tax. and pro •
vides for ihe appointment ol a collector.
1,336,630
CoU:oiTT aUpERINTENDENI'S
This is an important feature in the bill, and,
we trust, will be found of great practical advan
i tage. The law provides as follows:
Section 37.—That there shall be chosen, in the
manner hereinafter directed, an officer for each
county, to be called the County Superintendent.
—lt shall be bay duty 10 visit as often as
practicable the several schools of his coati
ty, and to note the course and method 01 In
struction- and branches taught and to give di
rections in the art of teaching and the method
thereof in each school, as to him, together with
the Directors or Controllers, shall be deemed ea
pedtenl and necessary, so that each school shall
equal to the grade for which it was established
and thitt there may be, as far as practicable. uni.
fortuity in the course of studies in schools of the
several grades respectively.
Section 38 —lt shall be the duty of each Coun
ty Superintendent to see that in every district
their shall be taught orthography reading,writing
English Grammer, Geography, and Arithmetic,
as well as such other branches as the board
of Directop or Controllers may require. In
case the board of directors or controllers shall
fail to provide competent teachers to teach the
several branches above specified, it shall be the
duty of the County Superintendent to notify the
board of directors or controllers in writing of
their neglect, and in case provision is not made
forthwith for teaching the branches aforesaid, to
report such fact to the Superintendent of Common
Schools, whose duty it shall lie to withhold any
warrant for the quota of such district of the an
twat State appropriation until the county super.
laientlesit 4111111 notify him that competent teach
crs of the branches aforesaid have been employ•
ed and in case of neglect or refusal of the board
of directors or controllers to employ such coin•
petent teachers as aforesaid for one month after
such notification by the County Superintendent,
that such teachers have not been provided, such
district shall forfeit absolutely its whole quota of
the State appropriation for that year.
Section 39.—That the 'school directors of the
several counties-of the Commonwealth shall
meet in convention at the seat of justice of
the proper county, on the first Monday of
June next, and on the first Monday of May
in each third year thereafter, and select, viva
voice, by a majority of the whole number of di ,
rectors present, one person of literary and scien:
tific acquirements, and of skill and experience
In the art of leaching, as County Superintendent
for . the three succeeding school years ; and school
The New Sohool
BOAUP Or CONTTIOLLIRS
COLLECTION OV TAX
dhectors, or a majority of them; in such conven
tion shall determine the amount of compensa
tion for the county superintendent, which said
compensation shall be paid by the Superinten
dent of Common Schools by his warrant drawn
upon the State Treasurer, in half yearly instal
ments, if desired and shall be deducted from the
amount of the State appropriation to be paid the
several school districts for said county.
&dim 40.—That it shall be the duty of the
President and Secretary of the triennial Convent
tion of Directors to certify to the Superintendent
or Common Schools, the name and post office
aildre.s of the person elected County Superintenr
dent, in pursuance of the provisions of this act,
and those of all Other candidates who received
votes, together with the amount of compenaatiod
fixed upon by said convention, and upon the re ,
ceipt of such certificate, U no valid objection be
made, the Superintendent of Common Schools .
shall commission the person elected for the tiros" .
of three years. But if objection be made within
thirty days to the issuing of such commission,
the Superintendent of Cum:non Schools may
quire such evidence, under oath or affirmation.
is regard to the election or qualifications, of the
person elected county superintendent as he shall
deem necessary, and shall then issue his icomr"
mission to the person properly qualified who shall
have received the highest number of vote. ..
Srclion 4l.—That it. shall be the duti . of. . the
Coon y Superintendent to examine all thecandi
dates for the profession of Teacher in the prem..
core of the board of directors or controllers,
should they desire to be present to whim, they
shall first apply, in his county, and to give each
person found qualified, a certificate setting forth
the branches of learning he or she is capable of
teaching ; and such examination and certificate
shall he renewed as often as any such teacher
shall he employed in teaching any branch of
learning other than those enumerated In his or
her certificate, and no teacher shall be employed
in any school to teach other branches than those
set forth in such ceroficate of aaid teacher. Pro
e•ded. That the county superintendent may an
nul sui h certificate. given by him of his pre_
decessor to rdice a hen he shall think proper,
giving at least ten days previous notice thereof
in •u ruing to the teacher holding it, and to the
directors or controllers of the distiict in which•
he or she may be employed.
Seefion 42. That County Superintendents
shull annually. on or before the first Monday im
June, forward to the Superintendent of Common
Schools, the reports of the several Fchool disi
It lets of their repsective counties, and shall also.
themselves make an extruded report of the con . _
dition of the Schools undet their charge. sug.
gesting such improvements in the school system
as they tnay deem useful, and giving such other
information in regard to the practical operation
of common schools and the laws relating thereto
as may be deemed of public interest.
Sect 43.—That until after the election of a
County tittporittletitirtit s provided for in this act,
it shall be the duty of the Superintendent of Com.
mon Schools, by publication at least three sue_
cessive weeks in two newspapers for each coon.
ty, if so many there he, but if none are published,
in such county then by printed notices sent by
mail to each board of directors of each school
district in such county, of the time and place fur
holding the triennal convention of directors, who
shell then and there assemble and telect a
shling I dicer from one of their number, end the.
directors then present shall proceed to the
thin ul a County Superintendent in the manner
hereiratier provid , d. Tho notice that shall:
thereafter he given of the assembling of the afore.
said triennial convention shall be by the Criunty
Superintendent, in the manner above provided..
A.l expenses of giving notices directed by this
section, shall be paid out of the same funds as.
the salary of the County Superintendent.
If ihe directurs of the county are careful to •
choose the I :grit kind of person for County Sur
periniendent, he may be of very great advantage
to the schools—if they choose an incapable per_
son—if the place becomes a- mere political of&
cer he will be worse than unless.
The act, however, prescribes quatitcatitns
which will choke off a good many who are ale
ways out lor any °nice which ham any pay, but
who have no di.,:positton to work for nothing, as
school directors do. lie should be a person who
is able to give the grower part of, or all his time
to the office, and he should be one strongly
bued with a love for the cause of education, and
who has shown it by its acts. Then of course
he should be well acquainted with our people—
able to spealt. German, and one who will go to
woili earnestly, and faithfully to do good.
As to the union which the new law effects
among our city boatels, we anticipate the best
results from it: 'twill require some little time
to get under way, but their is no time to be lost.
Our school boards are composed, in an unusual
degree, of intelligent men, who are disposed to
promote the best interests of the schools, and
what is very important, the best feeling prevails
among them. We are confident that this will
he increased by the new law, and that they will
co.oporate harmoniously together for the general
good —Berko and Schuylkill Journal;
rirginia.—The Richmond VVhfg agues
,the
necessity of adopung 'a more efficient system of
education in that Slate. It says:
.•livery decade exhibits a rapid and fearful in ,
crease of this mass of ignorance. In 1840 the
number of the unlettered in Virginia amounted
in 60,000. At this rate it will not require many
centuries to extinguish all knowledge of letter&
in the State.
A GREAT AND NOVEL ENTERPRISE.* .
We publish iri our advertising columns a
magnificent Gilt Enterprise, (the third of a
series) started in New York by Mr. Perham,
who has been long and favorable known ,
throughout the North and East. An exam
ination of it will present features that corn=
mend it to the attention of every man, WO-'
man and child in the community. We have
only to say that the former enterprise of
this indefatigable manager have been char..'
acterized by the greatest fairness, and given
the utmost satisfaction to all concerned.—
Send in your orders for tickets as early as ,
pessible, they will undoubtedly be taken up
in a short time. May. 2-41