'
ql)c tel)igl)
Allentown, Pa.
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER ff, 1861.
Court Proceedings
COMMON PLEA.S.
On Montle) , the 3rd instant, the Court met
pursuant to an adjourned meeting. Present
JArcteJones and Associates Haas and Rohe.—
The Grand Jury being sworn; a number of pet
ty indictments were laid before theln.. While
the Grand Jury was in session, the. Court pro
ceeded to the• disposition of . the civil list :
Samuel Daniel and This was a feigned is,
Thomas Daniel sue_to_try_the-validity-oU
Joseph Daniel. )p.,_i_ the last will and testa.'
ment of William 'Daniel, deceased, the father
to the parties in the suit. It seems that Joseph
Daniel by the said will was excluded from a
participation iii the proeeeds of his father's
property. The reason given for instituting the
suit was on account of the insanity of the Tes
tator. A number of witnesses were examined
who all proved that testator had suffered from
a paralytic stroke which deprived him of his
speech. The verdict of the Jury sustained the
will.
SECOND WEEK
Commonwealth An action for assault and
tl3. battery on the oath of Mary
Daniel Rohn. Ann his wife. Verdict of
guilty in manner and form as indicted. Same
day defendant was sentenced to pay a fine of
50 cents and undergo an imprisonment for two
days.
Commonwealth Action of Fornication and
vs. Bastardy on oath of Ann
Dan.Gangwere. Krather. Prosecutor swore
that defendant was the father of a very inter
esting responsibility, whom she exhibited to
the Court, and who behaved himself very gen
tlemanly during the trial. Defendant contend
ed that prosecutrix was a married woman and
as such could not sustain the indictment. Ver
dict, not guilty.
Hard Times—Soaroity of Money.
The scarcity of money can only.bo account.
ed for, rationally, in ono way.,
Brief we mean to be. Will business men
track us, and if in error point it out.
A great many millions of gold have been
derived from California—say in round num
bers sixty millions of dollars. This, if added
to our metallic medium of excliange F onght, it
other things were right, to have rendered spe
cie every where plenty—and money, espe
cially by business men, easily and abund
antly attainable at a moderate rate of interest.
But other things were not right. These
golden showers 101 l on the roof of our dwel
lings—ran into the spout under the eaves, and
were conveyed to England and France. The
rich deposit could not stay with us. Filly
five millions have been drained out of our
country since last January. Why, what for?
Because wn had over-traded—scorned and re
pudiated our own manufacturing industry, and
purchased more than twenty-two million dol.
Lars' worth of Iron and Coal from abroad,
which we could and ought to have made and
raised at home—and should have made, if the
Tariff of '42 had not been repealed, and the
present Tariff, so ruinous to us, so delightful—'
so cheering to Great Britain, been enacted.—
That is the cause of the scarcity of motley.
The Tariff of '46
When Secretary Walker, says the Philadel
phia Evening Bulletin, procured the passage of
the Tarifl of '46, he asserted that, in a low
years it would greatly increase our exports.—
In one sense the prediction of the Ilonotable
Secretary has proved correct. We have ex•
ported, for instance, since the Ist of May last,
in a single article alone, over thirty millions;
of which, a million and a hall has been
ex
ported during the present week. It is true that
the article alluded to is one, which old•fashion•
ed people like to keep al bugle. The export
of gold used to be considered, we believe, no
very desirable result. But our modern ftnan•
tiers, especially treasury clerks and tariff fa.
bricators, appear to think the contrary; for we
are now reaping the fruits of their pet mea
sures, in this excessive exportation of gold.
Meantime wo hear nothing of the export of
wheat, which, according to Secretary Walker,
was to go forward in such immense quanti•
ties. The English, it seems, are too old-fash
ioned in their notions to take corn when they
oan got gold; what wheat they want they buy
in the Baltic, paying for it perhaps, with the
very dollars they extract from us. We felici
tate our citizens, especially,those who sustain
ed the Secretary's tariff, on the brilliant results
it has produced. If we are doing rather a poor
business itt the exportation of wheat, we are
operating magnificently in that way with Cal
ifornia gold. Let us be properly grateful.—
Hurrah for "the good times" of the Tariff of
'46 ! Won't somebody, the agriculturists for
example, get up a service of plate to Walker,
for the coin he has brought into the country,
to pay for the late imtnense exportations of
American wheat?
The
Cattatviasa Railroad.—The work of this
road is progressing, under the supervision of
Richard Osborne, Esq., Chief Engineer. The
grading; in all probability, will be so far com
pleted this fall, as to enable them to put down a
portion of the track and undoubtedly the whole
road will be oompleted in a year front the pre
sent. time.
The Far . tners' and fUeehanics' Bank of
Easton, will be open for the transaction of bus.
iness, on Wednesday the 10th inst., and the
first discount day will be on Wednesday the
17th inst., and on 11'ednesday of every week I
thereafter.
The Sinking Fund.
An important Proclamation in relation to
the Sinking Fund of Pennsylvania, will be
found in another part of to•day's paper. It will
be seen through the agency of this valuable
measure, a large portion of the public debt,
namely, $659,122, has been paid ofl in the
course of two years and a half. But this is not
the total reduction of the debt effected under
the present State administration.--The Harris_
burg American furnishes the following inter•
esting statement upon this truly important
subject--a subject which possesses interest for
every tax-payer in the Commonwealth:
"flow much has been paid will be seen by
a comparison of the amount of public debt on
November 30, 1848, and the amount on Sep
tember 1, 1851. In 1818, the debt-was as fol
lows:
Funded,
- Unftindedi
Canal, Railroad & Motive Pow.
er debts returned in 1849 and
1850, being debts contracted
prior to ,Ist Decemer, 18_18,
Total debt, Nov. 30, 1848, $ 40 ; 818,598 41
The public debt, when Goy. Shwas left ihe of
fice, was $40,848,598 41, being $137,791 82
less lhan when he went into office four years
before.
See what the public debt now is. The of.
(lolal records prove it to be as follows
Amount of funded debt, in
cluding amount in the hands
of Commissioners of Sinking
Fund, and also special loan
to avoid Inclined Plane at
the Schuylkill, on the 30th
of Nov. 1850,
Amount of unfunded dell, same
CU
Total sum of 'debt,
Deduct amount of stock pur-
chased by Commissioners of
Sinking Fund,
Total debt, Sept. 1, 1851,
=
Total debt, Noy. 30,1 i, 1848, $10,848,598 91
Do. Sep. Ist, 1851, 40,116,362 44
Less now than two years and.
a hall ago, $ 732,235 97
This proves that Gov. Johnston, in two years
and a half since he was inaugurated, has
paid seven hundred and thirty•two thousand
tn•o hundred and thirty-five dollars and nitie
ty-seven cents ($732,235 97) of ;he debt of
the Commonwealth.
In the same time appropriations have been
made to the North Branch canal; over two
hundred and forty thOusand dollars were paid
to the permanent improvement of the Colum
bia railway: four hundred thousand dollars
were applied to an avoidance of the Inclin
ed Plane at the Schuylkill, and various other
amounts were appropriated, which have plac
ed the public works in better repair than they
ever were before.
Johnston and Strohm Club
At a mertinv, of the "Johnston and Strohm
Club" of the Borough of Allentown, held on
Tuesday evening the oth instant, the fullowing
resolutions were unanimously passed:
Resolved, That the voters and lax-payers
of Pennsylvania owe a debt of eternal grad
mile to Gov. IVilliam F. Johnston for the able
manner in which he has conducted the affairs
of the Stale—that his late Proclamation in
pursuance of an act of Assembly, exhibiting
that the sum of '.7•659,122.,98.has been extin.
gnislted by the Sinking Fund, is the begin.
wing of the payment of 510818 ; 598 41 with
winch our State has been burthened by loco
loco misrule; that the certificate of the And
ditor General and State Treasurer, two Dem- ;
ocrats, and the Secretary of the COMMON_
wealth, a IVltig, to such payment, which pla
ces it beyond doubt, and a matter which our
political opponents cannot dispute. That we
glory in the fact that a Whig Governor has
set the example and made the beginning of
.paying Pennsylvania's debts, and that we
call upon the people who pay the taxes to
remember at the polls who made the debts
and who was the first to pay them, and that
if they wislt to continue the decrease of the'
State Debt, they will rally at the polls ill de. I,
fence of Writ. F. Johnston, the peseta able
atul;efficient Governor, on the second Tues. ;
day in October next.
Resolved, 'That a salute of 100 guns be
fired on Saturday evening next,.in honor of
the glorious lICWB set forth in the Governor's
Proclamation, and that the services of Capt.
Daubert, of this borough, be engaged to su
perintend the firing.
Resolved, That these Resolutions be publish
ed in the Patriot, Register, and Vriedenshote.
Death of Hon. Levi Woodbury.
The illness of Judge Woodbury, which was
announced yesterday under the telegraph head,
has terminated in his death. The immediate
cause of his death Was the discovery of a large
inflammatory tumor on his stomach, which ra
pidly sapped his existence. lie died in the
61st year of his age. lie,has been prominent
among the statesmen of our country for the
last twenty years, and has filled various high
and responsible offices with distinguished effi
ciency and faithfulness. He was Secretary of
the neasury during the administration of Gen.
Jackson, and subsequently represented New
Hampshire in the Senate of the United States.
lie has also filled the., office of Governor of
Now HampShire, and at the time of his death
was one of the Justices of the Supreme Court
of the United Slates. Judge Woodbury has
been spoken of shortly before his death as the
next democratic candidate for the Presidency.
Among his recommendations for the office, his
friends insisted on his scrupulous personal in•
tegrity.—rhihuldphio Ledger, epi. 6.
The State Agricultural Fair
We are glad to observe that Judge Watts, the
President, and influential gentlemen, officers
of the State Agricultural Society, have issued
a circular to the farmersOf Pennsylvania, to the
horticulturaiists, and all others who may take
an. interest in these or kindred pursuits, noti
fying them that the first Fair of the Society
will lake glace at the seat of government on
the 22d,_23d, and 24th of October next. The-1
spot selected for the exhibition is at once ro
mantic and appropriate. Ott the low land of
the Susquehanna, in the lap of the mountains,
with wood, water arid mountain in prospect,
lies the lovely farm, of which some twenty
acres are now in process of preparation for the
purpose. From Philadelphia to this scene is
a ride of live hours ; born. Chamber burg of 3;
from Williamsport of less than 24; from bead
ing of 5 ;'lrom Pittsburg and the rich interrne.
.diate I es tri
39,393,350 20
,0,81,386_69
tiatercountryr trout DalliMbre
of 4 hours ; thus presenting a remarkably well
selected spot for the concentration of visitors,
Mock, specimens, and whateverelse is calcu
lated to give effect to what, emphatically, is
"the first interest" of Pennsylvania. We may
probably hereafter allude to the benelits'which
shall arise from this exhibition, mid so content
ourselves at present with presenting a conduits
ed lint M . the premiums offered :
372,881.48
For Cattle—Short Horns, Hereford, Ayrshire,
Holstein, &e., premiums of 12, 8,7, :4 and 3
dollars. For native, 10, 7; 4 and 2 dollars.—
Working Oxen—Best, $l5; second, $B. Fat
Cattle, 12, 7 and 4 dollars, as per qualily.
Fm Sheep—Fine wool—Bucks, 8 and 5 dol
lars. Pens of Lambs, $6. Long IVools, Mid
dle, and Nixed the Caine. Best impelled
Buck, $lO.
$39,862,914 78
For Hogs—Besi, $6; second 4 and 2 dul
912,570 GI
For HorsesDraught, 12 and 8 dollars. The
sante for Mules..
For Poultry—Largest anti best collection of
Fowls, 1 , 8; Capons and Tut key, W 3 ; other va-
-10,7.55085 12
rietieg, $2.
For Tobacco—The best samples, 8 and 6
659,122 98
$40,116,362 44
dollar.
Crops—Corn, 5 acres, 515; acre, .5:8. The
same with Wheat. Potatoes and other pro
ducts; 58 fur best qualities.
Agricultural Implements—Drills, ploughs,
harrows, &c.,,,&e., premiums of 10, 8,5, 4 dol
lars. Portable hay press, 20 dollars. Mis
cellaneous collection of other implements, 20
dollars.
Dairy—Buller, 5 pounds, $5 ; Fecund, 53;
third, S 1; firkin, $8; fur hooey, for 25 pounds,
5 dollars.
Fruits—All varieties from 8 In 5 dollars; ve
getables from sto 1 dollar Flowers, 8 to 5
dollars; Domestic Wines, $3 ; best cured limns,
:5; best quills and other household manufac
ture, 5,3, 2 and 1 dollar; best Portable Steam
Krigine,
Ploughing—Best, $10; second, SS ; third, $5;
best ploughman, $6 ; second, $4 ; third, $3.
This is a very liberal scale of premiums, and
highly creditable to the Society. We are only
sorry, however, that there are none for the best
blasting process, and the cheapest and neat•
est mode of manufacturing and burning bricks.
Two arts highly useful to every farmer in the
Middle States.
The disfavor with which any attempt to
unite Cuba to this Country, says the Philadel
phia Evening, Bulletin, would be viewed in
England, is forcibly expressed in a late 'um
ber of the London Times. The grounds for
ob'retion, too, are more powerful than usual
in such cases. The large ind,lbtedness of
Spain to English capitalists renders her contin
ued possession of the island highly debit able to
the latter; and as the monied class now ahnost
entirely controls British politics, it is probable
that, sooner than see Cuba cut loose from
Spain, the government of Great Britain would
interfere. Indeed,' the Times threatens this.—
That journal, moreover, asserts that France
would unite with England in this proceeding.
And yet nothing, perhaps, could rouse the
aggressive spirit of our people more complete
ly than any attempt, like this, to interfere
against Cuban independence. The public sen
timent of this republic would not submit to
such an outrage. It would be regarded as a
direct assault upon our own republk,
would be met in the heroic spirit of self.de
fence. England and France, in this quarrel,
must keep their hands Our own govern
mem will strictly maintain its neutrality, while
foreign powers maintain theirs; but any overt
act on their part will be met by one unanimous
burst of indignation hem. We cannot believe,
however, that England and France will be so
impolitic as take up this quarrel, after the
impartial stand which our government has as.:
sumed. I •
lu a word, republicans as we are, we will
not interfere, even on this side the Atlantic, to
assist oppressed people to become free; but
neither will we allow European powerS to
come here in order to rivet the chains ol men
struggling to be free. This is our contingent
—this is our sphere—and "noli me fangcre, is
our. motto.
Ohio.—lt is announced authoratively that lion.
Salmon P. Chase, of the U. S. Senate, deSigns
voting the whole ..Democratic" ticket at the en
suing election. This accounts for his absence
from the Free Soil Convention. J. W. Vance, a
leading delegate of the Free Soil State Conven_
Out], alsu proclaims himself a "bolter," and de
clares ha shall not "support". R. P. Ranney for
the Supreme Judiciary, and corrects a misrepre
sentation that he opposed the nomination of Bel
lamy Storer by the Free Soilers for that office.
Mr. Vance was opposed to making anynomina
tion of Bellamy Storer by the Free Soilers for
that office. Mr. Vance was opposed to Malting
any nominations for Supreme Judges at all, and
not to Mr. Storer or any one else. Party tics I
hang loosely on the leading politicians of Ohio,
it is quite certain.
Threats of England
A Proclamation of Interest.
We ask he attention of the public to the tot
lowing official Proclamation:
PENNSYLVANIA, SS:
fa-the name and by the'aathor•ily of the Common
'wealth qf Pennsylvania.
By William F. Johnston,
Governor of the said Commonwealth
A PROCLAMATION.
~,..4 . 1-1 . 144p, WHEREAS, In
..and by an act
4;11.V. of General Assembly of this Corn
•AiXtilf.l maim calif). passed the the tenth
4arftiv
*4lll l . day of April, one thousand eight
hundred and lurty•uine, entitled "An Act to
ereate_a-Sinking—Fundiand - to - proviilTlcTelhe
gradual and certain extinguishment of the Debt
of the Common wealth," it is enacted and pro
vided as follows, viz :
See. d. That it shall he the duty of the said
Commissioners, on the first Monday of Sep
tember, in the year one thousand eight hun
dred and liky-one, and on the saute day, in
every third year thereafter, 'to certify the
amount of the debt of the Commonwealth held
by them, to the Governor, who shall direct the
certificates representing the same to be can
celled, and on such cancellation issue his proc
lamation, stating the fact and the extin!,eish
meet and lilal discharge of so much of the
principal of said debt.
And whereas, Alexander L. Russell, Secre
tary of the Commonwealth, I.:141[114n Banks,
Auditor Geneial, and John M. Bickel, State
Treasurer, Commissioners the Sin king Fund,
have certified to me as follows:
Mice of Uointnissioners of the Sinliing rood,
HA atm actin, 83rpicinher 1. 1851. 5
To his Lt.cellency U F. Johnston, (;orcriwr
tchnsylvinain :
Sir:—fn compliance with the 4th section of
the act, entitled ''An Act to create a Sinking
Fund and to provide for the gradual and cer
tain extinguiAment of the debt of the Com
monwealth," approved the . 10111 day .of April,
1819, the Commis,imiers of said fund 'tetchy
certify that the amount of the debt of the Com
monwealth purchased since thin passage of the
act of Assembly referred to, and now held 4
Them, is six hundred and lift}-nine thousand;
one hundred and twcnty.lwu dollars and 1111111-
ty•eight clews 98) consisting of 5
per cent. loan:4 negotiated under various acts of ;
Assembly.
Your obedient servant, , ,
A. 11. Iit•SSELL,
I•:. 13.1N1s:S,
JNU. DI. BI(KEL,
Conttui,sioners of the Sinking Fund
Now therelme, in obedience to the require
. ment of the fourth section of the act of the
General Assembly aforesaid, I do hereby issue
this Proclamation, publishing and declaring.
the payment, extinguishment and final dis
charge of six hunched and fifty-nine thousand
0110 hundred and twenty-two dollars and nine
ty eight cents 059,122 98) of the Principal
of the Debt of this Commonwealth; and that
I have directed the certificates, representing
the :lame, to be cancelled.
Given wider my hand and the Great Seal of
the State at llarrisburg, this filth day 61 Septem
ber, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and lifiy-one, and of the Com.
monwealth the seveniy•si.xth.
fly the Govertan :
A. L. Iit:SS:EI.I.,
!Seerelary of also Commonwealth
Carbon County.
The Democratic Comity Convention of Car_
bon has nominated the following ticket:
President Jadge—Hoti. N. 11. Eldred.
Associate Judges — lsaac Dodson,
William 11. Cool.
Senator—James R. Struthers.
Assembly—William Lilly, Jr.
Treasurer—James I. Dlaksiee.
Commissioner—('harles Gilbert.
A uditor—Thumas Craig,Jr.
The following named gentlemen compose the
Whig ticket.•
Associate Judges—E. W. Harlan,
Asa 1.. Poster.
Assembly—Charles Snyder.
Treasurer—Dr. John D. Thompson.
Commissioner—H. Kemmerer.
Auditor—lt. 1). Stiles.
Berks County.
The Democratic county Convention of Perks
has nominated the followinglicket
President Judge, J. Pringle Jones, Associates,
S. D.Young,W. Ileidetireich ; Assembly,G. Deng.
ler, Isaac Yost, John C. Evans, Jacob Reifsny
der ; Prothonotary, Charles H. Hunter; Register
Jacob Such ; Recorder, John Bush ; Clerk of Or
phan's Court, Charles J. Wink ; Quarier Ses•
sinus, Z. H. Maurer ; County Treasurer, Wm.
Ermentwut ; County Commissioner, John Mc.
Gowan ; Director of Poor, Wm. Arnold ; Auditor,
Daniel Laucks. The following resolution was
unanimously laid on the table:
Resolved, That our Delegates to the 4th o
March Convention be instructed to use all hon
orable means to advance the claims of the lion
James Buchanan, as the nominee Of. the Demo
cratic party of Pennsylvania for the next Presi
den cy.
Infernal Machines for Cuba
A person in Norlolk, Va., writes-to-ihe Cu
ban Junta in New Turk, proffering them the
use of eight "infernal exterminating seven bar
rel guns." Each instrument, he says, will dis
charge two hundred ounce-and•a•half balls per
secund, the discharge being made as fast as the
piece can he aimed. The eight machines
would thus discharge sixteen hundred balls per
second, snowing down, he says, to a deadly
certainly, any enemy that dared to approach.—
Only one man is required to work each ma
chine. One man could, therefore, discharge
12 1 000 balls pet hour.
Census Taking in England
The impatience which has been for some time
felt, and sometimes expressed, to have the results
of the late census made public is now gratified.
The summary of the returns was published on
Tuesday, and the quickness with which it has
been prepared is conspicuous. We are inform
ed by the Times that the number of enumerators
employed was 40,000, and each one was requir.
ed to.prepare a return from every. house in.his
district of a considerable number of facts. The
papers they left at the different houses were
led up after the night of the 3tst of March by the
respective householders, and by the Bth of April
the enumerators gathered all these returns to.
;;ether, and transmitted them to the several local
registers. This body of officers digested the in
formation collected; and passed it on to the s.u.
periutendent registers, bY s whom it was further
generalized and carried_to_the_central_office-by-
the 31st of Max. The document was publish
in the morning papers of the )711), and in four_
teen days, therefore, exclusive of Sundays, after
the information was collected—though it was
spread over 60,000,000 printed returns,' Weighing
nearly forty tons—it was tnethodised,epitomised
and published. Our contemporary also states
that the summary of the census of 1831 was not
published for a year; that the Americans, who
have just made known the results of 1850, now
take a year to prepare such a summary ; that the
French require a year to prepare the summary
of the census they take every five years; and
that the summary of the last census of our pope
ulation was nut prepared till four months after
the enumeration. There is no good reason .
therefore, for impatience or complaint of delay,
but lather for satisfaction at the returns being
so speedily published, and at our comparative
superiority both to ourselves in 1841 and to our
most skillful rivals.—Economist.
Monetary Affairs in New York.
The New York Tribune of September
UZI
Money is without change. On call it contin_
ucs in fair supply at 7 per cent.' There is a
rather better demand fur paper, but rates are
without variation. The best short paper goes at
10 to 12 per cent., with a favorite signature, oci
ea >tonally at 9 per cent. Some of the Hanks are
doing something on call, but generally they con
fine themselves to discounting fur their regular
dealers. The regular houses in the street ap•
pear to be quite easy. We hear of siti new fail
ures, and the last one reported cannot be traced.
The high rates for paper arc maintained as much
by the decrease of confidence in such security
as by the scarcity of money. 'Phil result of one
of the recent failures has increased this want of
confidence. The party is charged with - having
bur rowed large sums, in one case 70,000, and
iu another X 30,1100, of foreign homes upon cer_
tilicates of produce deposited in warehouses,.
which property he had removed without return.
Mg the certificates. The party has since ab
sconded, having been last seen about a fortnight
ago. The atfairs of the Concern are almost ato
tal wreck. Such breaches of mercantile faith as
this gives a shuck to the commercial e(111111Illei
ty, and act injuriously upon all after negutia•
thins. There will, doubtless, be more caution
used used hereafter in lending on storage receipts,
to ascertain that the goods are actually mire.
moved, and warehousemen will refuse to deliVer
goods on order without the return of the ware•
house receipt. The safety of the mercantile
community requires that this course should be
adopted.
Hon. Luke ,Woodbury.
We learn the following particulars relative to
the death of Bon. Luke Wumlbury, who coot,
mined suicide at Antrim, on NVedacsday, from
The Manchester Mirror":
"At about 9 o'clock he returned from a ride in
company with a little son of B. B. Muzzy, Esq.,
of Boston, to get some blackberries, went to the
barn, unharnessed and put up his horse, return
ed to the house, inquired for his wife, and was
in formed that she was in the garden ; from
thence he went directly to the bat it, where he re
remained so lung that his wile began to be un.
easy in regard to him, and went to the door of
the barn by which he had entered, and found it
locked. She immediately sent to his brother's
store for a clerk, who, upon search, found the
body of Mr. Woodbury suspended from a limber,
by a splice rein. Life was extinct. From ap.
pearances, he had evidently been dead two hours,
as Dr. Parsons,
.who was immediately called,
stated. No cause is assigned for the deed,
though it is said that the Judge, for some lime,
has been quite low spirited, and has been heard
to say that he did not feel able to transact his bu
siness, and particularly in regard to his nomina- I
lion for Governor, that he wished to be free from
the cares of office, and remain a private citizen
during his life. Mr. Woodbury was about 50
years of age, was a graduate of Dartmouth Col
lege, and has been Judge of Probate of this
county kir several years. He had a property of
some 25,000 dollars, and a splendid residence at
Antrim."
Death of a reteran.—The Providence Journal
announces the death of Dr. Levi Wheaten, in
the 91st year of his age. He was a man of fin.
ished education, was•a great reader, read every
thing, and forgot nothing worth remembering.—
His recollections of Alexander Hamilton, Aaron
Burr, and other men of that day, were of a pccu.
liar.interest, and his conversations in relation to
them, and the times in which they moved, was
of the most instructive character. He was a
valuable correspondent of the Journal, and his
last article was lately published, upon the neces
sity of maintaining the law and preserving the
Union, which rests upon the law. He retained
his faculties,to the last, and has gone full of
years, leaving behind him a name, of which his
city and State may well be proud. •
The Largest Newspapers.—The New York
Courier and Enquirer, already the largest daily
newspaper iri the world, is about to be further
enlarged. The Journal of Commerce, in the
same city, which has nearly the same number of
superficial inches us the Courier, is also to be
enlarged. The Commercial Advertiser is also
going to enlarge.
An Iron Bridge
The .fohristown [l'a.] Mountain Echo, says :
The Iron Bridge upon which the Pennsylvania
Railroad Crosse:' the Conemaugh river at this
place, fa a structure well' Worthy of notice. It is
an imprOvement on the Pratt bridge, planned by
Edward Miller, tsq., and built under the direc.
lion and supervision• of T. frarkins Deputy, Esq.
The contractor lot' ifs erection', Was our enter-
prising townsmnn,'Mr. S. H. Smlttr, - who has re
flected upon himself the highest et'edit for the
faithful completion of his come:let. II is certainly
the most complete piece of tiVedhaniSin oe its'
kind in the United States.
The bridge is 390 feet in lengtli i ,' tiilii five'
spans of 76 feet each, and two truss fiatTes' in'
each span of 73 feet. Each span is divided' i9,'
18 panels, 16 of which are four feet, and the oth
er two 43 feel long, leaving, at each end panels ,
- of - one - and - a - half - feetEach - raTiEcha s one mato ,
brace of one and. a_quarter, and two counter - bra =
ces of one and a half round iron, well secured at•
the top and bottom to angle blocks by large ntits. ,
The upper chord or cap piece is made of'case'•
iron, in lengths.of twelve feet, the area, a section'
of the chord, being inches. yhe lower chord;
is made of four bars of wrought iron each three.'
quarters—six and a half inches lying edgewise'
one and a half inches apart. The arches are oti.
cast iron, and are secured to the posts in each'
truss.framc by strong bolts. The arches weigh
fifteen tons.
Its capacity for sustaining immense weight
may be judged from the fact, that a locomotive
weighing twenty•ft ve tons, standing on the cen
tre of a span, caused it to yield only 1.54 000 of
a foot. Its capacity is beyond all question.—
Were it strung its entire length from,abutment
to abutment, with cars full freighted, the depres
sion would not be perceptible.
This bridge has been pronounced by compe
tent judges to he the must beautiful structure in
the world.
The great advantage of bridges of this charac
' ter, over the old wooden plans formerly used by
railroad companies, cannot be easily estimated.
No danger 01 destruction front fire or decay need
be apprehended. Our Stale Improvements have
suffered severely from the burning of bridges,
and we hope that our Canal Commissioners will
learn wisdom from experience, and hereaftt r
.construct iron bridges like the one at this place,
There were but 69.1. tons of cast•iron, and 114 tons
of wrought iron used in its construction, and cost
but $11,470; so that, on the score of economy,
it is decidedly preferable In wooden structures.
Potato Rot
An aged farmer, of Butler township, related
to us, a few days since, an experiment tried by
hint last year, with a view to•save his potatoes.
Hearing that to cut elf the stalks, when they hr,
gan to the at the top, indicating the approach of
the disease, would save the potato, and not fully
satisfied on the subject, he :mowed off, with a
scythe, the top portion of his crop, as soon as he
di.cnrned the wilting of the tops. When he elm.;
his potatoes he found those, from which the tops
had not been mowed, were rotted.
The old gentleman says his sons had put in ft
crop of potatoes, on shares, on neighbor's land,
and fearing, the rot, determined also to mow the
tops off. The landlord objected, and they agreed
to divide the crop as it stood, each to take such a
portion. Tim tenant mowed his portion. When
the potatoes were dug the tenant had a fine crop
of good sound potatoes, the landlord's were one.,
fourth rotten. Our informant designs to mow
his potatoes this year if the tops begin to decay
before the usual time.
Flax Cotton
We last week saw a number of samples of the
flax cotton latines, as manufactured in England
by cotton machinery. They consisted of sam,
pies of yarn spun on cotton machinery, mixed
in various proportions with American cotton ;
yarn produced on ordinary woolen machinery,
composed of wool and flax in various propor
tions ; flannel woven from the above; fine cloth,
woven from yarn composed of flax and fine wool
in various proportions, and dyed; flax, fibre, pre•
pared for mixing, with silk, and dyed of various
colors ; flax cotton yarn, dyed of various colors ;
cloth, woven from flax.cotton yarn and wool, and
dyed. These fabrics are all prepared by Claus_
sen's method. An agent to make arrangements
for the use of the patent is now in this city. The
improvement is one of interest to manufacturers
and agriculturists, and it will doubtless be fully
investigated by them, to test its real value. If it
should be what its inventor represents, it will
add much to the agricultural wealth of the coun •
try, particularly to Pennsylvania, where flax can
be produced to great advantage.—Ledger•
A Relic.-111r. Joan Young, of Cincinnati, has
in hig possession a silver watch, which is said'
to have been the properly of General Washing.•
ton. It is of German manufacture, heavy and'
course in workmanship—Very thick and durable
cases—and on the inner case is engraved "G.
W., 1783." It is stated that the watch was giv.
en by Washington to a Mr. Clayton, as a-teso..-
monial of regard.
A Great Curiosity.—We saw yesterday, says;
the Louisville Courier, one of the greatest curl. •
osities ever exhibited in this city. It is a negro •
boy about five years old, born iu Shelby conaty;:-
from jet black parents, and while about one half:
of his body was as black as the skin of his pa.-
rents, the other half is as white and fair as the•
skin of any white person. On the white portion
there are numerous small black spots, and on
the black portion several while spots. Talrir
him all in all, he is about as odiLlooking a spe--
cimen of humanity as we have ever seen. He
belongs to Mr. Jos. H. Oliver. We understand'
he will be exhibited through the country.
Churches.—There is a little town in the inte—
rior of Pennsylvania, called Northumberland,-
containing about 1100 inhabitants, which can•
claim six churches within her borders, viz
Two Presbyterian, one Lutheran,one Episcopal. •
one Baptist, one Unitarian, and one Methodist— •
all of which are pretty well attended, and Jibe. •
rally supported. This one church to every 156-
inhabitants. Where As Syracuse, Brooklyn, or
Lancaster now? Shall-the contest ceas'el