RATES ON ADVERTISING.
Four lines or less constitute half a square. Ten lines
er more than four, constitute a square.
gag 0 1" one SO BO One eq., one day. $0 DO
" one week— 120 •. • o.e week.... 200
" one month.. 3OD gi one month.. 600
•'three months 500 " three months 10 00
cc six annals.. 800 " mix months.. 15 00
4t one year.._,_.lo 00 " one year 20 00
Business notices inserted in the LOCAL comma,
or before marriages and deaths
TEN OMITS P5ll. LItTE /Or
each insertion. To merchants and others advertie:ng
oby the year, liberal terms will be offered.
irr The number of insertions must be designated on
he advertisement.
Marriages and Deaths will be inserted at thesame
Mee as regular advertisements.
Aligrellantatte.
PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
war Claims and Claims for Indemnity.
sTrivART, BUNTEN' 6, claim it 00.
Attorney', and Counsellors-at-Law, and Solicitors
for all kinds of Military Claims,
.450 PENN6IIVANIA. AVENUE
WASHINGTON D. C
Thitkikinn, knostUdgeef the Pen.
Sion BtleineSe, and beineamiliar with thp practice in
all the Departments of Government, believe that they
can afford greater facilities to Pension, Bounty, and
other Claimants, for the - prompt and successful accom
plishment of business entrusted tothem, than any other
aria' in Washington. They desire to secure such an
Unionnt of thin innliSMOS MWill'ennble them to execute
the business for each claimant very cheaply, and on the
basis of their pay contingent upon their success in each.
ease. Boy this purpose they will secure the services of
Law Firms in each prominent locality througkient the
States where such business may be had, furnish such
with all the necessary blank forms of application and
evidence, requisite printed pamphlet instructions, and
circulars for distribution in their vicinity, with am•
mates names inserted, and upon the due execution of
the papers and transmission of the same to them by
their kcal associates, they will MVO/4 perform the
business here.
117' Their charges will be tax dollars for officers and
five dollars for privates, for each Pension or Bounty and
Back Pay obtained, and ten per cent. on amount of
Claims for Military Supplies or Claims for Indemnity.
117 . Soldiers enlisted since the let of March, 1861, in
any kind of service, Military or Naval, who are disabled
by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions. Al!
soldiers who serve for two years, or during the war ,
should it sooner close. will be entitled to $lOO Bounty.
Widows of aeldiere who die or are killed, are entitled to
Pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow,
then the minor children. And - if no minor children,
then the father,
mother, sisters or brothers are anti
:.ad an above to the $lOO Bounty and Back Pay.
JOSEPH B. STEWART,
RESTOS L. STEVENS,
EDWARD CLARK,
• OSCAR A. STEVENS.
WILLIS B. GAYLORD.
Wennoneros, D. O_, ISB2.
Er Apply at our officeor to our Associate at
HAsstentran, PA.—JO HN A. BIGLER, Attorney and
Oeuneellor.
Prrrasuan, En.—ARTEIORS & RIDDELL, Attor
neys-at-Law.
Perrumts, Pa.—WM. B. SMITE, Attorney and
Counsellor.
Panama:mu, PA.—J. G. MINNIORILD, 46 Alwood
street, WM. M. SMITH, Attorney and Counsellor.
Weettuaeou, PA—BOYD ORIDIBINGI, Attorney
and Counsellor.
jyBl-dly
JACKSON & CO.'S
;SHOE STORE,
NO. 903 i MARKRP OTRZNIT,
HARRIBBTI.Re, PA.,
Where they ntend to devote their entire time to the
• • - of -
ROOTS AND SHOES
all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most full
oaible stylee, and at satisfactory' prices. '
Their stock will amidst, in part, of Gentianna , s Ant
C&f and Passer Leather Boots end MOO, latest etylesi
Ladies' and Misses' Gaiters, and otherphoes In great
variety; and is feat e►erything connected with the
Shoo bushings.
CUSTOMER WM/will be particularly attended to,
and in all cues will satisfaction be warranted. Lasts
paid up by oins of the but makers in the country.
The long practical experience of the undersigned. and
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they
will do them justice, and famish them an article that
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dura
bility. gang] JACKSON & CO.
witiltINGER'S PATENT BEEF TEA,
Au_
$ solid, concentrated extract of
BEEF AND VEGETABLES,
Convertible immediately into a nourishing and deli
dons soup. Highly approved by a lumber of eminent
-Physicians.
This admirable article andensel into a compact form,
all the mbstantial and nutritive properties of a large
bulk of meat and vegetables. The retaliates with which
It dieeelves into a rich tad palatable Soup, which would
require hours of preparation according to the usual
method, is an advantage in many situations of life .too
obvious to need urg i ng Its highly nourishing qualities
combined with its delinicy, renders it invaluable for the
siek; while for the* in Lolllth, it le a perfectsutatitute
for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keepgood in gay
eiimate.
It is peculiarly well adapted FOR TR&TELERS, by
land or sea, who can thus Imidthosesaddentaldepriva
lions of a comfortable meal, to which they are sellable.
FOR INVALIDS, whose capricious appetite can,thus
*satisfied in a moment.
NMI SPORTSMEN and SXCVRSIONISTS. to whom,
both its compactness and easy preparation will recom
mend it. Nor sale by
esp24.l:f
CHARTER OAK
FAMILY FLOUR!
UNEXCELLED BY ANY IN THE U. STATES !
AND SUPERIOR TO ANY
AS. MIT 12 - .$l3 FL AL 1M" I , ES
OFFERRD IN PENNSYLVANLI!
IT IS MADE OF
CHOICE MISSQUILI WHITE WHEAT.
gr Delivered any place in the city free of charge
Terms cash on dsiivery.
1930 WM. DOCK, la., & CO.
A BOOK FOR THE TIMES
American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events for the Year 1861. In 1 vol.
8 co. over 760 pages. Cloth 08, Leather $3.50.
Published by D. Appleton 4 Co., New York.
The design of this work is to furnish a record of all
the important knowledge of the year. The events of
the war, owing to their prominence, will, of course, ea
-early a conspicuous part, but all other branches-13cl.
ence, Art, Literature, the Mechanic Arta, acc t will re
ceive due attention. The work will be published ex
clusive/y by eubsariptlon, and ready for delivery in June
wait.
Also. now complete:
Rentori , s Debates of Congress,l6 volumes, $3 and 53 00
per volume.
Benton's Thirty Years in V. S. Senate, 2 volumes, $2.50
and $3 per cot.
Cyclapedta of America* Elogitnee, containing the
speeches of the most eminent Orators of America, 14
steel portraits, 2 vois. $2.50 each.
-Parts:es Life and Teams of Andrew Jackson, 3 volumes,
12.50 each-
Maxon I. a. STAARIBAUGH, Harrisburg, Pa.
General Agent for D. APPLETON at Co.
gror Circulars descriptive of Annusl.Oyclopedia.
april3-dAvrtf.
DYOTITZLE (,}LASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
11.1.1510PACTORII
•
CA.HEOES, DEMIJOHNS,
WINE, PORTER, MINERAL WATER, PIOKL.II AND
PDESERV.E BOTTLES
- SIMI' DESCRIPTION.
11 - B. at. ga. W. BANNERS
oelg-dl7 J 7 Bonh Front eteret. Philadelphia.
J APANESE
TEA.—A choice lot of
d this celebrated Tea jest received. It is of the first
cargo ever imported, and is much superior to the Chi
ve° Teas in quality, strength and fragrance, and is also
entirety free of adulteration, coloring or mixture of any
Bind.
It is the natural leaf of the dapenese Tea Plant.
For sale by WM. DOCK, jr., A: Co..
8,000 BUSHELS York State Potatoes )
of different kinds, •
1,400 Bushels York State Apples.
A choice lot of York State Butter.
ATao, a superior lot of Catawba Grapes, and 30 bushels
Shelibarka, just received and for sale low by
H.W.SIBLE& CO , •
No. 108 Market street.
dealde
M ACKER EL!
----
MAOKIREL, Nos. 1, 2 and 3, in all ilizad packagee
-11411, and earls package warrned. Just, recived and
for lire by Wk. DOCK, Jr.. e & do.
SELF SEALING FRUIT JARS I-
Beat said Cheated in the markets ! Call and
.earamine them.
WM. DOOK, .11..,& Co.
TM. DOCK, 75., & CO
... .
-,-- t, - f .. w ••• -- c c,, , c4 .- . . - 1%. ) , N 4. 1. 4 4 .........' 1 . - 1 1 -- .: - . '•
~
:.„:. ,__ 7 : _
• I
1 , I 1 / I i-- ' - '• -'
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.1.14 1 1 MK : 7 ' . ''''.• r • ''rii‘ - - - '
• ! --- ' ' .44P-' --- 4_ , 10
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• , -,---:-
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„....=_....
_..._.__,.
~...
_
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j,
- - -- -
_
. _
. _
. . ...
. \ ...-. _ _
.—..
VOL. 5.-NO. 220
Business &dm.
M. H. MILLER,
AND
R. E. FERGUSON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
OFFICE IN
SHOEMAKER'S BUILDINGS
SECOND STREET,
BETWEEN WALNUT and MARKET SQUARE,
ap29-d&w Nearly opposite the Buehler House.
T HOS. C. MAoDOWkLI4,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MILITARY CLAIM AND PATENT AGENT.
Office in Burke's Row, Third street, (Up Stairs.)
Saving formed a connection with parties in Wash
ington City, wno are reliable business men, any busi
ness connected with any of the Department; will meet
with immediate and careful attention. mB-y
FRED. SCHNEIDER,
MEADOW LANE,
A. PRACTICAL DYER FROM GERMANY ,
Tgimg this pagib to inform the public and his.numer
ons friends that he has fitted up a DYEING} ROOM,
In Meadow Lane, in the city of Harrisburg, Pa.
Where he is prepared to do anything in dyeing, as
Bilk, Woolen j Cotton, etc., warranted for good.
sp2B-413m
TAILORING.
r 3EI . A. 32C. T.T 1:31r H .
The subscriber is ready at NO. 94, MARKET ST.,
four doors below Fourth street, to make
MEN'S AND BOY'S CLOTHING
In any desired style, and with skill and promptness.
Persona wishing cutting done can have it done at the
shortest notice. ap274.1y
DR. C. WEICHEL,
BURG-EON AND 'OCULIST,
RESIDENCE THIRD NEAR NOBTH STSINT.
Re is now fully prepared to attend promptly to the
duties of profession in all its brancheo.
A Loma Aith flay snOonssvos. inetnam. lIPIIIIIIIOI
justifies him in promising foil and ample satisfaction to
all who may favor him with a . sail, bethedieesse (Thrombi
or any ether nature. mlB-dAwly
CHARLES F. VOLLMEB,
UPHOLSTERER,
Chestnut street, four doors above Second,
(Orrosms WASULDMMON HOSZ Holras,)
Is prepared to furnish to order, in the very best style ol
workmanship. Spring and Hair Mattreases , yfindow Cur
tains, Lounges, and all other articles of 'Aar/inure in his
line, on short nctticek end moderate terms. Having ex ,
pesience in the buisiness, he feels warranted in asking a
share of public patronageyoonfident of lain ability to give
satisfaction. janl7-dtf
SILAS WARD.
NO. 11, NORTH THIRD ST., NARRINBITRG.
STEINWAY'S PIANOS,
MELODEONS, VIOLINS, GUITARS,
Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Drums, Accordeous,
STRINGS, SHEET AND BOOK MUSIC, &c., kc.,
PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES, ALBUMS,
Large Pier and Mantle Mirrorio, Square and Oval Prams ,
of everydeacriptioa made to order. Regailding dons.
Agency for Howe's Sewing Machines.
Er Sheet Music sent by Mail, ootl-1
JOHN W. GLOVER,
MERCHANT TAILOR .!
Has just received from New York, an assort
meet of
SEASONABLE GOODS,
which he offers to his customers sad the public a
povMa MODERATE PRICES. at!
W HARRY WILLIAM S,
C1A.49_T3111 ..96.C311131WM,
402 WALNUT STRIIIIT,
PIILL'AD.ELPHIA.
General Claims for Soldiers promptly collected, State
Claims adjusted, &c., etc. mar2o-dlin
SMITH & EWING,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
THIRD STREET, Harrisburg,
Practice in the several Courts of Dauphin aonnty,
lactic= I. made promptly. A. 0. SMI
SWINGTH,
B. .
COOK; Merchant Tailor,
• 27, CUMIN 13T_, between fierand sad Treaty
gas just returned from the city with an assortment of
CLOTHS, CASSIMERES AND VESTINGS,
Which will be sold at moderate prices and made up to
order i and, also, an assortment of BEADY NADA
Clothing and Gentlemen , . Furnishing Coeds.
nov2l-Iyd
D E N T I 8 T R Y.
B. L GILDER, D. D. 8.,
N 0 . 119 MARKET STREET,
"iffto
EBY & lIINHEL'S BUILDINEk. 11P MIDS.
janB-tf
R ELIGIOUS BOOK STORE,
TRACT AND SUNDAY SCHOOL DEPOSITORY,
E. S. GERMAN.
27 SOUTH OICOND OVUM, AMY) CHIONUT,
sAMSISBIIRO, PA.
Depot for the sale of Stereoscopes ,StereoseopicTiews,
Kunio and Musical Instruments. Also, subscriptions
taken for religious publications. uoSO.dY
JOHN G. W. MARTIN,
FASHIONABLE
CARD WRITER,
HOTBL, HARRISBURG, PA.
AUmanner of VISITING - , WEDDING AND BUSI
NESS CARDS executed in the most artistic styles and
most reasonable terms. decl4-dtt
UNION HOTEL
Ridge Avenue, corner of Broad street,
HARRIssvRG, PA.
Tbe undersigned informs the public that he has re
cently renovated and refitted his well-known Union
Hotel' , on Ridge avenue, near the Round House, and is
prepared to accommodate citizens, strangers and travel
en In the best Style, at moderate rates.
His table will be supplied with the beat the maiikste
afford, and at his bar will be found superior brands of
liquors and malt beverages. The very best accommo
dations for railroaders employed at the shops in This
vicinity 10.4 dtfl HENRY BOSTGEN.
VBANKLIN HOUSE,
BALTIMORE' MD.
This pleasant and commodious Hotel has been tho
roughly re-fittGd and refurnished. It le pleasantly
situated on North-West corner of Howard and Franklin
streets, a few doors west of the Northern Central Rail
way Depot. Every attention paid to the comfort of his
guests. G. LEISENRING, Proprietor,
jell-t[ (Late of Ealing Grove. Pa.)
T HE O. F. ZOEFEFFER,
BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER,
NO. 18 MARKET STREET, 'HARRISBURG.
Ea' Particular attention paid to printing, ruling and
binding of Railroad Blanks, Manifests, Insurance Poll-
Cie; Checks, Bill Meads,
Wedding, Visiting and EnSittella Cards printed at very
low prices and in the best style. istal
MUSIC STORE'•
NO. 93 liimuciT STREET, gABILISBUBG, PA.
SHEET MUSIC, PIANOS, '
MELODEONS, GUITARS,
VIOLINS, BANJO STRINGS,
Of every description.
DRUMS, NEM, FLUTES, ACCORDIONS, ate., at
the loireat CITY PRIORS, at
W. KNOCHE'S MUSIC! STORE,
No. 93 MARIS? STRUT. •
HARRISBURG, PA:, MONDAY, MAY 18, 1863
Ult:Ao
Weekly "Patriot & Union,"
THE CHEAPEST PAPER PUBLISHED IN
PENNSYLVANIA I
AND
THE ONLY DEMOCRATIC PAPER riaBLISIIED AT
THE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT !
FORTY-FOUR COLUMNS OF READING MAT
TER EACH WEEK !
AT THE LOW PRICE OF ONE DOLLAR
AND FIFTY CENTS!
WHEN
SUBSCRIBED FOR IN CLUBS OF NOT LESS
THAN TBN COPIES TO ONE ADDRESS!
We have been compelled to raise the club subscription
price to one dollar and fifty , cents in order to save our
selves from actual lose. Paper hail risen,' including
taxes, about twenty-five per cent., and is still rising;
and when we tell our Democratic friends, Candidly, that
we can no longer afford to sell the Weekly PATRIOT AND
Maori at one dollar a year. and must add fifty cents or
stop the publication, we trust they will appreciate our
petition, and, instead of withdrawing their aubitrip•
time, gp to work with a will to increase our list in every
county in the State. We have endeavored, and shall
continue our efforts, to make the paper useful as a party
organ, and welcome as a news messenger to every fam
ily. We flatter• ourselves that it haa.not been without
some influence in producing the glorious revolution in
the politics of the State achieved at the late election;
and if fearlessnese in the discharge of duty, fidelity to
the principles of the party, and an anxious desire to pro
mote its interests, with some experience and a moderate
degree of ability, can be made serviceable hereafter, the
Weekly PATRIOT Ain UNION will not be less useful to
the party or less welcome to the amity circle in the fu
ture Than it has been in the past. We confidently look
for increased encouragement in this great enterprise,
and appeal to every influential Democrat in the State to
lend us his aid in running our supscription list up to
twenty or thirty thousand. The expense to each indi
vidual is trifling, the benefit to the party may be great.
Believing that the Democracy of the State feel the ne
cessity of sustaining a fearless central organ, we make
this appeal to them for assistance with the fullest confi
dence of Success.
The mane reasons which induce vs to rale° the price
of the Weekly, operate in regard to the Dailypaper, the
price of which is also increased. The additional cost to
eachinbeariber will be but Miffing; and, while we can
not persuade ourselves that the change necessarilymade
Ail result in any diminution of our daily circulation,
yet, were we certain that such would be the conse
quence, we should still be, compelled to make it, or suf
fer a ruinous loss. Under these circumstances we must
throw ourselves upon the generosity, or, rather, the
justice of the public, and abide their verdict, whatever
it may be.
The period for which many of our subscribers have
paid for their paper being on the eve of expiring, we
take the liberty of leaning this notice, reminding them
of the game, in order that they may
RENEW THEIR CLUBS.
We shall also take it as an especial favor if our present
subscribers will urge upon their neighbors the fact that
the Peramyr. AND triltoln in the only Democratic papal
Printed in Harrisburg, and considering the large amount
of reading matter, embracing all the current news of
the day, and
TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCHES
from everywhere up to the moment the paper goes to
press, political, miscellaneous, general mid local news
market reports, is decidedly the
CHEAPEST NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN
THE STATE!
There is scarcely a village or town in the State in
which a club cannot be raised if the proper exertion be
mule, and surely there are few places in which one or
more energetic men cannot be found who are in favor of
the dissemination of sound Democratic doctrines, who
would be willing to make the effort to raise a club.
DEMOCRATS OF THE INTERIOR !
Let us hear from, you. The existing war, and the ap
proaching sessions of Congress and the State Legisla
ture, are invested with unusual interest, and every man
should have the news.
TERMS.
DAILY PATRIOT AND UNION.
Single copy for oae year, in advance - $6 00
Single copy during the session of the Legislature.. 2 00
City subscribere ten cents per week.
Copia supplied to agents at the rate of $l6O per 'hun
dred..
WIENJAY PATRIOT AND UNION,
Published every Thursday.
Single copy one year, in advance SS 00
Ten copies to one address 16 00
SUbitOriptionsmay commencest any time. PAY AL
WAYS IN ADVANCE. We are obliged to make'this
imperative. In every instance cash must accompany
subscription. Any person sending no a club of twenty
subscribers to the Weekly will be entitled to a copy for
his services. The price, even at the advanced rate is
so low that we cannot offer greater Inducements than
this. Additions maybe made at any time to a club of
subscribers by remitting one dollar and flay cents
for each additional name. It is not necessaryto send
u the names of those constituting a club, as we cannot
undertake to address each paper to club subscribers
separately. Speeimeneopies of the Weekly will be sent
to all who desire it.
0. BARRETT A, 00., Harrisburg, Pa
1880,
N. B.—The following law, passed by Congress in
defines the duty of Postmsetere io relation to the de
livery of newspapers to club subscribers :
(Su Lail., Srou f Co.'s edition of the Lams of 1880,
page 38; chapter 131, section 1.)
provided, however, that where packages of new pa
pers or periodicals are received at any post office directed
to one address, and the names of the club subscribers to
which Ihey belong, wit& the postage for a quarter in ad
vance, shall be handed to the postmaster, he shall de
liver the same be their respective owners."
To enable the Postmaster to comply with this regula
tion, it will be necessary that be be furnished with the
list of names composing the club, and paid a quarter's
(or year's) postage in advance. The uniform courtesy
of Postmestere,_ affords the assurance that they Will
eheerfullyacocimmonate club subscribers, and the latter
should take care that the postage, which is but a trifle
in each case, be paid in advance. Send on the clubs
SOLDIER'S CAMP COMPANION.-
A very convenient Writing Deek also, Portfolios,
Memorandum Books, Portmonnates, &0., at
isWELEFFRIVEI BOOKSTORS
NNOTIONS.—Quite a variety of useful
and entertaining articles—cheap—at
BOHEFFEILIS BOORSTORS.
'WRENCH MUSTARD, ENGLISH and
Domestic Pickles, (by the dozen or hundred,) Su
perior Salad Oil, Ketchup, Sauces and condiments of
every deaoriptien, for sale by
my2s WM. DOCK, 7x.,&C0
1 - BRA D Y, WAR
No 62
Market street, below T hir d, h as reeived ;l,,
assortment of SWORDS, SASHES and BELTS, which he
will sell very low. alr,iO4tl
'JAMS, DRIED BEEF, BOLOGNA
SAUSAGES, TONGUES, &c., for sale low, by
WM. DOCK, 38., &
I ADIS'S ! YOU KNOW WERE YOU
I can get fine Note Paper, Envelopes, Visiting and
Wedding Cards ? At SOLIEFFER'S BOOKSTORE.
F r —
OR RENT—Two desirable OVICE
BOOMS second story front of WyettOs Building,
eorner of Market Square and Market street. Apply at
eis office sen2B4lo
fTERMETICALLY SEALED
Lk Peaches Tomatoes, Lobster, Salmon, Oyrters,
Spiced Oysters , ' for sale by WM. DOCK, jr., & CO.
NE'sr ORLEANS SUGAR !—Futo IN
sin Mayan !—For sale by
jyl2 WM. DOCK ii., & CO.
Etc Vairiat
MONDAY MORNING, MAY IS, 1863
HON. REVERDY JOHNSON ON THE
PEACE CONVENTION
WASIIISOTON, May 13, 186 1 3
To at Editors of Me Journal of Commereg
I am obliged to you for the copy of Mr. DA
van DUDLEY Emit's letter to you, of the 21st
of April last, published in your paper of the
succeeding day. •
In the present condition of the country no
advantage perhaps can be gained by recalling
"the history of the Peace Convention," but as
Mr. F. has thought fit to do so, is proper
that the fact which he states in regard to it if
erroneous should be corrected. As one of the
members named by hint as having been satis
fied with "the peace conference," I avail my
self of the first leisure, to give the fact as it
was. This will be done with no view to call in
question-the purposed accuracy of Mr. FIELD,
but to set myself right with those who may feel
an interest in the subject. For this purpose
a few preliminary remarks are necessary. The
Convention assembled, at the instance of Vir
ginia, through resolutions passed by her Gen
eral Assembly, on•the 19th of January, 1861.
Their preamble sets forth as "the deliberate
opinion" of that body, that "unless the un
happy controversy which sodivides the States
of the confederacy shall be satisfactorily alit
jutted, a permanent dissolution of the Union is
inevitable."
In this conviction the most, if not all, of the
Southern States were believed to concur, and
also very many of the discerning and reflecting
citizens of the Northern States. Evidence of
this was found in the debates in Congress,
discussions on the hustings, in the public press
and in many of the pulpits of the country.
However unjustifiable, as things then were, (if
the desired adjustment was not obtainid,) a
severance of the Union by force would be es
teemed by the intelligent patriotism of the
country, it was yet manifest from their ante
cedents, that there were men, North and South,
who looked to such a result, not only without
regfet, but with hope and gladness. They
were doubtless few in each: section, but they
were zealous, reckless and fanatical, and
needed only, to succeed, topics with which to
delude and madden the mind of the honest
masses around them. These, all good loyal
men were solicitous to deprive them of, and
hence they were most anxious to place slavery,
the chief cause of mischief, beyond their reach.
That the danger existed, not only manifested
itself, in the manner before stated, but every
proposition offered in the peace convention,
whether by Northern or Southern delegates,
disclosed it.
let. The nature of the seven amendments to
the Constitution reported by a majority of the
committee of which Mr. Guthrie was chairman,
implied it.
2d. The minority report by Mr.. Baldwin, of
Connecticut, in terms almost, stated it. The
preamble of resolutions recommended by him
said, "Whereas, unhappy differences exist
which have alienated from each other, portions
of the people of the United States, to such an
extent as seriously to disturb the peace of the gut
tion."
The principle of legal nullification, asserted
by Mr. Calhoun in 1828, in a carefully prepa
red paper which was made the foundation of
the nullifying ordinance of his State, of 1832,
was maintained in part, if not mainly, on the
authority of the Kentucky and Virginia reso
lutions of 1798-9. The folly of the doctrine,
its utter inconsistency with the very words
and objects of the Constitution, were so obvi
ous that neither the intellectual acuteness with
which its author supported it, northe influence
of his previously well earned fame, nor the
persuasive authority of the great names of
Jefferson and Madison, could save it from al
most universal condemnation in every State
except that of its origin, and from the condem
nation of the purest, brightest, and ablest
minds of South Carolina herself. One of these,
James L. Pettigrew, but recently taken from
us, to the deep regret of the nation, undismayed
by the intense treason and; frantic violence
around him, safe from their danger by the
shield of his spotless character, his stern cour
age and lofty patriotism, to the very last of
his stay on earth, retained and boldly avowed
his perfect loyalty to the government. Too
wise to be led astray by the shallow fallacies
of the Rhetts and Yanceys of the hour, and toe
devoted to the happiness of his State and
country, to take any other course, he clung to
the faith of our fathers, and boldly denounced
the treason, to which these conspirators invi
ted, dnd by which they have, to their ruin, led
their deluded followers.
The doctrine therefore soon fell into general
disrepute, and was finally, and to the gratifica
ion of the country,extinguished by the match
less power and eloquence of Webster, and the
stern patriotism and indomitable will of Jack
eon. It was demonstrated by Mr. Madison,
himself, whose mind remained as clear as sun
light, in several letters in 1831.2, to be utterly
untenable, and with no warrant either in the
resolutions of '9B-9, or in the report, the work
of his own pen, made in defense of those of
Virginia. This heresy exploded, the other
kindred and as gross and more purnieious one
of secession was substituted. Out this at first
met with little favor. In fact it slept unheeded.
A portion, however, of its votaries designed at
the first opportunity to make it work certain
mischief, and for mischief only was it suited.
The tariff no longer furnishing this opportu
nity, the plan was " to fire the Southern
heart," and drive the Southern mind to mad
ness by slavery agitation. The institution was
so connected with their domestic comfort and
so vital, as they thought, to their material
wealth, was of such long and undisturbed
standing and so clearly recognized and pro
tected by the Constitution iteolf, and had not
only been the cause of danger, but the source
as they believed, of their prosperity and polit
ical power, and above all, its sudden termina
tion would, in their judgment, be so fruitful of
even the direct calamities, that to approach it
with that end, was sure to produce the stern
est determination to resist the effort at all ha
zards, and to break, if it could not be other
wise successfully accomplished, even the ties
of association, of fraternal affection and of love
of country, which, until then, had been a uni
versal national sentiment and a fountain of
national power. The plotters on both sides,
who had long wished and meditated a destruc
tion of the Union for that purpose, eagerly
caught at every chance to present and fan into
flame this fruitful topic of mischief. With that
view those in the south greatly exaggerated
the prevalence of Northern hostility, whilst
those in the North did all they could to aid
them. Whether by arrangement or not, they
were in fact the allies of each other. They
worked for the same end, and by the same
means—slavery agitation. It was the conduct
of these comparatively few men that hrougkt
the country to the condition in which it was
generally believed to be when the peace conven
tion easembled,a conditiof► which it was thought
would terminate, if not satisfactorily settled,
PRICE TWO CENT:-:.
as solemnly declared in the resolutions under
which the convention assembled, " in a perme
nent dissolution of the Union." Theleonserv
ative members of the convention reflecting as
I then believed, and now believe, the sincere
wish of a large majority of the people of every
State represented, earnestly desired to satisfy
the South that the institution would not be
interfered with, and on the contrary, that their
rights in relation to it would be faithfully ob
served in the present and securely protected in
the future.. With this object they wished to
give the South, without impairing any rights
vested in the North, such guarantees, which,
although implied as they thought, in the Con
stitution as it is, would, if given in terms,quiet
the Southern mind and deprive the treasonable
agitators North and South of the only subjects
on which they could hope to make themselves
what they were evidently about to be, the ar
chitects of their country's ruin.
To accomplish this, however, as the Con
vention possessed but a moral power, it was
obvious that unanimity of opinion was vital.—
Recommendations by a bare majority, it was
almost hopeless to believe, could produce a
happy result.. In the Committee, to whom the
whole subject was referred, and at whose head
was place Mr. Guthrie, of Kentucky, and of
which Mr. Field was a member, efforts to this
end were made again and again, but in vain.
And what was finally agreed upon and re
ported, met with the• sanction of but a bare
majority of the Committee, Mr. Field not be
ing one of that majority. The discussions, in
every meeting of the Committee, were earnest,
and a part of the Southern members (I was of
the numbgr) implored their Northern brethren
to agree to something that there vas any rea
son to believe would be satisfactory to the
South. I saws then that unanimity could alone
render the propositions of the Committee ef
fective. I also saw, - and, as the result has
proved, that no satisfactory adjustment at
tained, an attempt at least would be made to
sever.the Union. Not that I believe for a mo
ment that such an attempt could find any war
rant in the Constitution, or be justly main
tained on revolutionary grounds, and still
less, that if timely and vigorously met, it could
be successful. But I believed that the
long plotting traitors would succeed in mie
leading the honest masses, and in driving
them on to destruction, through the madness
and wickedness of treasonable rebellion, by
filling them with a conviction that the institu
tion of slavery would be assailed, and all the
fatal consequences which they apprehended ,
from it ensue. All the Southern and many of
the Northern members of the Convention
thought that satisfactory guarantees should be
offered the South, and that to make the recom
mendation of the Convention effective, the
proposition should receive unanimous support.
That done, we were convinced that the South
would see that their enemies in the North con—
stituted but a-small portion of its people,
pos
sessing no power to be dreaded, and that pub'--
lie opinion there was sound, and desired• to
secure the South in all its rights, and protect
ing them against the wrongs and perils with
which they were threatened_ In this view.
many of the Northern delegates concurred. Of
those. from New York, all concurred, but a
bare majority, Mr. Field being, I regret to say,
one of that majority. He, and they who noted
with him, advocated Mr. Baldwin 's riroposal
for a National Convention. In vain were they
told by every Southern member that such a
proposition would be insufficient for the eritds—
that it would practically have no healing effect
whatever, but on the contrary, would, under
the circumstances, be esteemed mere trifling.
In the then temper of the States they were
also told, what seemed to us to be obviOus,
that it was more than doubtful whether such
convention could be constitutionally procured,
and-certain, if it was had, that no guarantees
that the South would consider sufficient would
be recommended. Had the New York dele
gates adopted a different course—had they
spoken with one voice in favor of . the Guthrie
report (so justly potential as that voice ever
is,) I believed then, and believe now, that the
desired unanimity in support of the report
Could have been obtained, and that Congress
would have acted upon it at its then session,
or if not, that the South would have felt such
an assurance ofsecurity in the recommendation
of the convention, that no immediate attempt
at rebellion would have been made.
But, from a want of foresight, as I think—
from a blindness to the danger that was before
them—that voice was not spoken. The ma
jority of her delegates, so far from speaking
it, resolved on an opposite course, and were
active and most influential in defeating the so
much desired, the so vital unanimity, in sup
port of any guarantees that the Southern
members and many of the Northern members
thought would alone meet the crisis. Their
mistake (and a dreadful one it was,) was be
cause, perhaps without being aware of it, they
were under party rather than national influ
ences. They were too, it seemed tome, under
the further and as sad error of believing that
the South was not in earnest ; and that from
fear, or other motive, they would not venture
on rebellion. They maintained therefore,
throughout, their opposition to the proposed
Guthrie guarantees, and were equally hostile
to any that their Southren brethren over
and over again offered ; and in terms of
earnest invocation implored them, adopting
solicitation -that would have been esteemed,
and truly, undignified, but for the great issue
that they felt to be impending—elm. was ;
a war between brothers—a war that would
sunder ties the holiest that had ever bound
people together—a war to be attended with
dreadful misery—the destruction of our pros
perity for untold ages--the loss of our proud
station amongst the nations of the world, and
probably the total extinguishment for years, if
not forever, of our very freedom itself.
But entreaty proved as fruitless as argu
ment. The resolutions containing the guaran
tees passed the Convention, but only by a mere
majority, and, as foreseen, they resulted in
nothing. They were not acted upon by Con
gress. They imparted not even temporary as-.
surance of safety to the anxious South; and
now the so much dreaded civil war is upon
us. Oh! that its existence, its frightful pro
gress, its millions of wasted wealth, its effect
upon our national reputation, and above all,
the agony which it has broug ht into thousands
and thousands of before happy households—
could then have been foreseen by Mr. Field,
and those who concurred with him ! Any hon
orable, satisfactory guarantees, if then of
fered---guarantees that would in no particular
have surrendered or impaired the rights of the
North—would, I doubt not, have been received
with joyous acclamation; and we should still
be, as we were once, a united and, therefore,
a happy, prosperous and powerful people—
able to hear, with naught but contemptuos
pity, the insolence and vulgar scurrility of the
English Roebucks of the -day, whose farmer
professed and hypocritical hatred of slavery
they are now yielding to the base love of ava
ricious gain, too strong not only for all moral
restraint, but even for the restraint of their
own penal laws.
Let us not, however, for a moment permit
ourselves to believe that such men are types
of the English Character, or speak English
opinion. Fortunately for her honor, her in-
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING,
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BY 0. BARRETT &I CO
Tag DAILT.PATRIOT AND UNION will be Nerved to sub.
scribers residiogin the Borough for Tsx CENTS mit wusl,
payable to the Carrier. Mail subscribers, s you DoLLAIB
zap ANNUM.
PHs WEEKLY PATRIOT AND UNION is published ibtrvro
DOLLARS PER AIM; invariably in advance. Ten envie
to one address, fifteen dollars.
Connected with this establishment IS an extensive
JOE OFFICE, containing a„, , variety of plain and fancy
type, unequalled by any est ablishment in the interior of
the State, for which the patronage of the polite is so
licited.
terest and her safety, and her influence upon
the civilization and freedom of Europe, they
are as unlike the gentlemen and statesman, of
that great country, as our peculators and
blockade runners are unlike our honest and
loyal citizens. They are, in truth, themselvee
but the upstarts of the kingdom if, as is justly
remarked by one of their most esteemed and.
gifted historic writers, "arrogance and pre
sumption be the usual faults" of the class.
From what I. have said, you , will see that
Mr. Field is totally mistaken in supposing that
the Peace Conference satieed me, or, as I have
every reason to know,
satiefied.either„qf ,the
other members named by him. The guaran
tees recommended in Mr. Guthrie'', report
were satisfactory, but the conduct OG-the Con
vention, resulting in a great measure from - Mr.
Field's course, rendered the Convention :itself
anything but satisfactory. We saw in it, as
the result proved; certain defeat, in Congress
of the recommended guarantees, and savi, with
equal clearness, that the result of its delibera-.
tions would not, for a moment, suspend even
the perilous excitement of the Southern mind
or avert the calaminy it involved. Bat the
errors of the past cannot be corrected. We
can only learn from them wisdom for the fu
ture. What does , that teach us ? Is it, that
no Union feeling is now to be found in the
Southern States ? Is it that it is so totallyex
tinct that to revive it is impossible ? Ido not
think so. The Guthries and Wickliffe',, the
Joneses, theßocineys and the Bates the Rives
and the Summers, the Buffing and the More
heads, and-the thousands and thousands who
united with them, still have in their hearts, as
pure as ever, love.of the Union which their ftit
there constructed. Satisfy them that, the war
ended, that Union will be as it was intended
to be, and was before treason and fanaticism
involve:Fusin the existing frightful struggle,
and much, very much, will be done to bring the
struggle to an end, and to restore our former
nationality. We shall then, too, know each
other the better, and value each other the
more. Courage has been found a common
possession—mistakes as to character corrected
—love offreedom is seen to be equally sincere,
and we shall be more firmly convinced than
we have• ever been that Union, under all the
guarantees of personal and State 400* which
'our fathers provided, can alone make- us what
they intended and. believed they had accom
• plished through their blood and wisdom—the
freest and the happiest, and one of the Met
influential nations of the world.
With great regard, your obedient servant.
RRYS RD Y JORNSON.
SPIRIT OF THE STATE. PRESS.
OE ITS FEET AIGIAIN.—Our readers , will re
member that on the morning of the President's
fast day a mob, under the direction. and insti
gation of the 'Union League," attacked the
office of the Mentor, at Kittanning, scattering
its type about the streets and destroying its
fixtures. It reappears, however, on the 7th
inst., looking: as good as new. Its tone is
vigorous and determined as ever. Speaking of
the feeling which prevailed in the community
after the outrage, it says :
On the morning after the outrage committed
on our office, the corners of thnmain streets
were thronged with an excited crowd ; or,
rather, there were. several crowds, as there
existed affinity of taste or feeling to attract.
The Democrat of course, were indignant, and
bold in their denunciation of the crime. Many,
too, of the Republicans showed their deep re
gret at what had happened, and were equally
emphatic in their condemnation of the act.—
But these were that portion of the party that
give it any claim to respectability ; they pay
their taxes, vote their tickets, but when an
office is to be filled have to give place to some
low doggery-patronizing politician. They
have no influence, or very little, in making
nosainationa or shaping the policy of that
party. What a pity, thought we, that these
good men should commit the fatal mistake, both
to themselves and us, of remaining in, or sus
taining, in the slightest degree, so corrupt and
destructive an organization.
But there was another portion of the Re
publican party that not only had no word of
condemnation, bat actually gloated over the
shameful outrage. And these were far more
numerous than the former, and included the
tow, vulgar, beastly gang, that congregate
about the vile whisky shops with which our
town is cursed; and the mean, sneaking, whi
ning curs, with money and without money,
but always without manners or brains, who
love a crime, but are too cowardly to commit,
an aggressive one; and the saintly. hypocrite,
who said it was all wrong, but who inwardly
chuckled over the violation of the sacred rights
of the citizen, himself included; if he had only
sense enough, or prejudice little enough, to let
him see it.
In commenting upon the same outrage, the
Venango Spectator well and truly says :
Wehave no reply, personally, to make to,
threats. We shall do our duty to our country,
her Constitution and her laws, and the Gov
ernment under these. To us our country is. as
large to-day as when the thirty-four stars.
upon her flag were symbolic of a free, happy
and united people,—before the Cireeleys, the•
Sumners and the Phillipses of the North,, and.
the Devises, the Rhetts and the Yancays. of.
the South had fanned the flame of sectional
hatred into a blaze and transformed our na
tional paradise Into a hell. We hope to see.
that old flag waving over the same territory—
over the same cherished Union our fathers,
formed—the same Constitution that Washing
ton signed—and the rights of every member.
of the Confederacy, unimpaired, for transmis
sion to the generations who are to, succeed us.
This is all the Democratic party wants—all.
that the conservative masses of the people re
quire.
Rave the leaders of the Abolition party who.
educate their ignorant followers up to the point
of destroying Democratic presses, reflected,
seriously upon their course? When they ap
peal to violence and murder—when they invoke.
anarchy and strife, do they hope to enjoy a
gentle pastime and find only a subject for con
gratulation ? God help the idiots who would
inaugurate such a state of things in this com
munity ! Or do they only talk robbery and
outrage for talk's sake ? If so, such talk is
dangerous, and may lead to results which they
will bewail in sackcloth and ashes.
Freedom of speech, freedom of the prase,
the right to assemble and discuss all question
of national pulley in this country, are rights
that bigoted, fanatical leaders can crush only
when people are ready for the yoke of a dic
tator.
A single meal at one of the Richmond restau
rants—a beef steak, one dozen oysters, and
coffee, costs $5. A partridge, $1 25. Apples
25 cents each. A pair of boots, at Tullahoma
brought $75.
Parties at Sandwich, MAW, have bought
and hired several thousand pine trees, intend
ing to tap them the present season for turpen.
tine. At $25 dollars a barrel it is thought the
enterprise may prove renumertitive.