EA
RATES OF ADVERTISING.
rear linos or less constitute half a square. Ten lines
or more than four, constitnte a square,
Jill f sq,, one day.-- 50 30 Onn
44 o eq.: one ne week. ay. .-..... ... 502
00
60
4 ( one week...-. 120
:4o month.. 500 ii one month. •6 00
44 th ne
ree months 505 " three menthe 10 00
C. Alt Unnthii •.8 98 " six months.. 15 00
" one —l2 00 44 ono year .... la QO
dear.--
ilr Business notice@ inserted in the LOCAL COLIVAN,
Or before marriages and deaths, TAN CANTS ENO men for
each insertion. To merchants and others advertising
by the year, liberal terms will be offered.
lid The number of insertions must be designated on
he advertisement.
Er Marriages and Deaths will be inserted at the [fame
aces as regular advertisements.
,filiotellantoue.
PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
War Claims and Claims far Indemnity.
STEWART, STEVENS, CLARK & CO.,
Attorneys and Counsellors-at-Lam, and igolicitars
for all kinds of Military Claims, -
450 PENNbYLVANLL AVENUE,
WASHINGTON, D. C.
This Arm, having a thorough knowledge of the Pen
sion BOSinent and being familiar with the practice in
the Depar t mente of Oovornment, believe that they
can :Fora greater facilities to Pension, Bounty, arid
other Claimants, for the prompt and successful acoom
plislonent of tsminees entrusted to them, than any other
firm in Washington. They desire to secure such an
amount of this baldness as will enable them to execute
the business for seek islaimaat eery cheaply, and on the
basis of their ray conting ent
_ upon their success in earn
case. For thin purpose they will secure the services of
Law Elms in each prominent locality throughout the
States where such business may be had, furnish such
with ill the necessary blank forms of application and
evident*, requisite printed pamphlet instinct:lone, and
circulars for distribution in their vicinity, with asso
ciates names inserted, and upon the due execution of
the papers and transmission of the same to them by
their local associates, they will promptly perform the
Sulam here.
Er Their charges will be Sex dollars for offiesrS and
five dollars for privates, for each Pension or Bounty and
Bask Pay obbied, and ten per cent. on amount of
Claims for Military Supplies or Claims for Indemnity.
la" &Mere enlisted since the Ist of March, 1881, in
say kind of service, Military Of Nava, who are disabled
by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions.
All
soldiers who serve for two years . , or during the war,
should it sooner close, will be entitled to $lOO Bounty.
Widows of soldiers who die or are killed, are entitled to
pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow,
then the minor children. And if no minor children,
then the father, mother, sisters or brothers are *titl
ed
as above to the $lOO BountyEPH imd Back Pay.
JOS B. STEWART,
NESTOR L. STEVENS,
WOW &ED CLAIM
OSCAR, A. STEVE ItS
WILLIS B. SAYLOAD.
firantionoo, D. C., 1862.
ganAgly at our olice_ t fr to our Associate at
use, PA.—JOHN A. BIGLItit, Attorney and
474unsallor.
Pinworm, Pa.—ARTHUBS EG RIDDELL, Attor
rmysett-Law.
Peosevu.rm, Pa.—WM. B. SMITH, Attorney and
Counsellor.
PEILADZLPILL, O.IfINNICIIILD,46AIwood
street, WK. M. SMITH, Attorney and Counsellor.
I Wassnrorom, Pa.—BOY.D CRUMRINCE, Attorney
and Counsellor.
j/31-07
TACKSON 116 00.'8
SHOE STORE,
110. 06j ( MAIKIT STRUT,
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Where they ntend to devote their entire time to the
stastubotoro of
BOOTS AND SHOES
aU kind's and •arietiee, in the neatest and most Sst
onside styles, and at satisfactory prices•
Their hoot will wadi% is port, of gostionsoo 7 s 710111
Caifand Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, Wart styles;
Ladies' and Misses' Gaiters, and other hoes in great
variety; and in fact everything connected with the
inns bossiness.
CUSTOMER WORK will be particularly attended to,
and in all cases will satisfaction be warranted. Lasts
Amid up by ewe of she best makers is the country.
Whe long practical experience of the undersigned, gad
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they
will do them patio% out furnish them an article the
will -recommend MeV for utility, cheapness and dura
bility. Dania ' JAOUON k Co.
IaURINGER'S PATENT BEEF TEA,
11111 g solid, concentrated extract of
BEEF AND - VEGETABLES,
Uonverittac 4,2ananir sad at . ,
owns soup. Highly approved by a n umb er of ern
Visnicians.
This admirable article condensed into& compact Rain,
all the substantial and nutritive properties of a large
hulk of meat and vegetables. The readiness withwhich
it dissolves into a rich and palatable Soup, which would
require hours of preparation according .to the natal
• method, is an advantage in many situations of life, too
obvious to need urging. Its highly nourishing qualities
combined with its delicacy, renders it invaluable for the
sick; while for those in health, it is a perfectanbatitute
for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keep good hinny
aliment.
It is peculiarly well adapted FOR TRAVELERS,
laud or sea, who canthus avoid those accidental depriva
dons of a comfortable as to which they are so liable.
NOD INVALIDS, whore pricious appetite can thus
ut satisfied in a moment.
FOB 13POETSBERN and SlOUBsionusTa. to whom,
both its compactness and easy prepthration will recom
mend it. For sale by
sep244f
CHARTER OAK
FAMILY FLOUR!
utrzacz - LLED ItY ANY IN THE V. STATES!
AND SUPERIOR TO ANT
40. I+X C 3 -sr 33 3Ea. Ask. rar X> 031
OFFERED IN PENNSYLVANIA!
IT IS MADE ON
CHOICE MISSOURI WHITE WHEAT.
ur Delivered any place in the city free of charge
Toms cash co de/leery.
ji3o WN. DOCK, .73., & 00.
QOLDIER'S CAMP COMPANION.-
L, A Tery convenient. Writing Desk; also, Portfolios,
iffontorandum Books, P ortm onnales, ke., at
SONEFIBR 7 I3 BOOS/WORD
KTOTIONS.—quite a variety of useful
and entertaining article's—cheap—at
SCHRIPFSWB BOOKSTORS.
HERMETICALLY SEALED
peaches, Tomatoes, Lobster, Balaton, erten,
Weed Oysters, for sale by WK. DOCK, jr., & CO.
A BOOK FOR THE TIMES 1
American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events for the Year 1861. In 1 vol.
8 yes. over 750pageb Cloth pB, Leather $3.60.
.Published by D. Appleton Co., New York.
The design of this - work is to furnish a record of an
the important knowledge of the year. The events of
the war, owing to their prominence, will, of course (w
-eepy a americans part, but all other lbrimehes-2ged
ltHee, Art, Literature, the Mechanic Arts, will re
ceive due attention. The work will be published ex
cdusively by ;subscription, and ready for deliveryin Jane
next.
Also. nay complete
Benson's Debates of Colegress,l6 roduntsB, la mod 13.6 0
per vohsms.
a3esuon's Thirty TWITS in U. S..Sexecte,2lrolumes, $3.60
and 1 42 par vol.
Cyaopadsa of American Biogstenet, containing Us
speeches of the most minas* Orators of America, 14
steel portraits, 2 vols. $2.60 each.
Partort's Life and Vanes of Andrew Jackson, 8 rooharros,
$2.50 seek_
Address J. T. BTRABBAUGH, Harrisburg, Pa.
General Agent for D. APPLIATON & CO.
ger Circulars descriptive of Annual Cyclopedia.
apri.l3-d&wtf.
NOTICE TO CAPITALISTS.
A MAUR INTESTIRET OFFERED.
The undersigned offers for Ws FIVE HUNDRED
AND 11101ITY-11111111 ACRES of exeellent COAL
LANDS, containing. the entire Allegheny coal mines.
situated in Washington township, Cambria county.
A vein of Atli. feet in thickness has been opened and is
now being worked in three places. The Pennsylvania
Central railroad runs through the tract and along aide
of these openings. Samples furnished on application
to the proprietor. Reference as to quality may be had
hy applying to 0. W. Barnes, Philadelphia, John W.
Wooster, Dancannon iron works, or in Cleveland, Ohio.
Tittle indisputable—termo easy.
JEREBLIAff WISFONIGLE
Huntock P. b.,
Cambria county, Pa.
ms264ll2tirtf
DRENCH MUSTARD, ENGLISH and
x Domestic Pickles, (by the dozen or hundred,) Sli
mier Salad Oil, Ketchup, Sauces and condiments of
inlay dengtiptten, for sale by
my2b WM. DOCK, as., & Co
WAR WAR —BRADY, No. 62
Market street, bidoW Third, has received tarp
assortment of !Wearie s emus ona Itsvra s which h
will sell very low. al2o-dtf
WM. DOOR. as., & Co
-
.-..--
II . f
.
. . . .
. - .1
• . .
. , _
___ -
._ .. ~,___ - - " ii ,
.•-•''''':-= --_- .
--- 6.'•
--- . - •
le
.; • , l li I I 1 .
-' i
-
Union.
k
._ . Y
filattstot
_
VOL. 5.-NO. 206
Euzintoo turbo.
T HOS. C. MAcDOWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MILITARY CLAIM AND PATENT AGENT.
Officein Burke's Row, Third street, (Up Stairs.)
Hating formed a connection with parties in Wash
ington Oity, wno are reliable business men, any busi
ness connected with any of the Departments will meet
with immediate and careful attention. m 6-7
DR. 0. WEICHEL,
SURGEON AND OCULIST,
11.1181DBNON THIRD NZAR NORTH STRAW.
110 imw folly prepared to attend promptly to the
duties of profession in all it* branches.
A Lora AND viii anoonssem warnost. nzrzinmon
jostides him in promising full and ample satisfaction to
all who may favor himwiths Gall, be the disease °Monti
or icy ether nature. roln-d&wly
CHARLES F. VOLLMER
UPHOLSTERER,
Chestnut street, four doors above Second,
(OPPOSITI WASHINGTON HOBN Housi,)
Is prepared to furnishto order, in the very beet style of
workmanship. Spring and Hair !Mattresses, Window Cur
tains, Lounges, and all other articles of Furniture in his
line, on short notice end moderate terms. Having ex
perience in the business, he feels warranted in asking a
share of public patronage, confidentof kis ability to give
satisfaction. jaml7-dtt
SILAS WARD.
NO. 11, NORTH TRIED ST., NAREISRUP.a.
STEINWAY'S PIANOS,
BLELODECINEs i VIOLINS, tiVITAIIO,
Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Drums, Accordens,
STRIIOS, SEM AND 3001 xesio, &0., &0., •
PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES, ALBUMS,
Large Pier and Mantic Mirrors, ecinime and ova Trona
of every description made to order. Segnilding done.
Agency for Howe's Sewing Machines.
frr Sheet Music sent by Mail. oetl-1
J OAN W. GLOVEB , ,
MIERCHANT TAILOR!
Has just received from New York, an assort
ment of
• SEASONABLE GOODS,
which he offers to his customers and the public at
nor 22) MODERATE PRICES. dti
WHARRY WILLIANIS,
•
CMCLALIM .A.I3M.IITrA
WAINIIT STRZET,
PHILADELPHIA.
General Claims for Soldiere promptly collected, State
Claims adjusted, &c., &c. mar2o-dlm
SMITH & E WING, •
AT TORNEI'S-A T-LAW,
THIRD STREET, Harrisburg:
Practice in the several Courts of Dauphin county. Col
lections made promptly.' A. O. SMITH,
feb26 d. B. SWING.
T COOK, Merchant Tailor,
Vit 27 CITSONIIT ST., between Second and Front,
Has just returned from the city with an assortment of
CLOTHS, CASSIDESRES AND VESTINGS,
Which will be sold at moderate prices and made up to
order; and, also, an assortment of BEADY NADI*
Clothing and Goutlemeugs Furnishing Goods.
nov2L-lyd
BENT_T.STRY.
B. L MEI, D. D. S.,
N 119 MARKET STREET,
EBY & KUNKEL'S BUILBINO, UP STATES.
jilt2B-tf
RELIGIOUS BOOK STORE,
TRACT AND SUNDAY SCHOOL DErchszroßr,
E. S. GERMAN.
SOUTH 111COND STEW, ABOVE OHESNUT,
leAsslestrze, rt.
Depot for tke Mae of Eitereoeoopea,OtereolieoploViews,
Maisie and Illtudcal Instrument.. Also, enbaori_pt!ona
taken for religione publications!. now-ay
JOHN G. W. MARTIN, '
FASHIONABLE
CARD WRITER,
HEMS HOTEL, HARRISBURG, PA.
All manner of VISITING WEDDING AND BUSI
NESS CARDS executed in the most artistic styles and
most reasonable terms. decl4-dtf
•
FRANKLIN 1101181 1 .,
BALTIMORR, MD.
This pleasant and commodious Hotel has been tho
roughly re-fitted and re-furnished. It is plelleautly
situated on North-West corner of Howard and Franklin
streets, a few doors west of the Northern Central Rail
way Depot. Every attention paid to the comfort of his
guests. a, IsHISENRING, Proprietor,
yel2-tf Mate of Celina Grove, Pc)
THE -O. F. SCHEFFER,
BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER,
NO. IS MARKET STREET, HARRISBURG.
in". Particular attention paid to printing, ruling_ and
binding of Railroad Blanks, Manifests, Insurance Poli
cies, Checks, Bill-Heads, &G.
Wedding, Visiting and Business Cards printed at very
low prices and in the best style. jan23.
DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA ,
OWITOPAO2I7II I
CARBOYS, DEMIJOHNS,
WIDE, I.oltTBn, MINERAL WATER, PICKLE AND
PRESERVE BOTTLES
OP sl/UT DISORIPTION.
It B. & 41. W. DINNERS
021940 21 South Front stalest, Philadelphia.
MUSIC STORE!
le. 08 MARIMIT STRUT, HARRISBURG, PA.
SHEET MUSIC, PIANOS, •
MELODEONS, GUITARS,
VIOLINS, BANJO STRINGS,
Of every deicelptlon.
DRUMS, 11.1111, YLTITIO, ACCORDIONS, ete. at
the lowest CITY PRIOSS, at
W. 81.1 . 00R 3 3 MIISIO STORI,
N 3 o. 93 BURNET livaswr.
1003000 BARRELS of the LODI
MANUFACTURING CO.'S
• POUDRETTE.
130 South Warms, Philadelphia, Pa.
This company, with a Aspital of $150,000, the most
extensive works of the kind in the world, and an expe
rience in Manufacturing of over 23 years, with a repu
tation long established, having also the exclusive control
of all the night soil of the great city of New York, are
prepared to furnish an article, which is, without ou bt,
the Cheapest and very best fertilizer in market. It
greatly increases the yield, and ripens the Drop from two
to d ol larsks earlier, at Ali expense of from three to
fou per acre, with little or no labor. Also,
FIFTY TONS OF BONN TAFFU, being a mixture of
bone and night soil ground fine, at $45 per ton—a su
perior article for grain and grass. Ynce of FWD
BETTE, $1 60 er barrel.
Seven barrels and over
delivered free o fcharge. A pamphlet containing all
necessary information, may be had free by addressing a
letter to the subscriber.
JAMES T. TOOTER,
Care of the Lodi Manufacturing Company,
febl9-w3sa 66 Court hind at- New York
B,oooBfudisffiatienalC.,ork State Potatoes,
0 1,400 Bushels York State Apples,
A. choice lot of York State Butter.
Also, a sup erior lot of Catawba Grapes, and 80 bushels
ElheMarks, just received and for Bale low by
W wax, & 00.,
decl-dtf No. 106 arket street.
UAW, DRIED BEEF, BOLOGNA
I 3 AU MIES, Termuso, &a., DO
Rale low, by
WK. DOCK, JR, & o
T ADIES I YOU KNOW WERE YOU
I_4.m get fine Note Paper, Ikeatepee, Vioiting and
Wedding garde? At BORIFORKI3 )30010TORE.
HARRISBURG, PA:, THURSDAY, APRIL 30, 1863.
Ctt ;1,: atrial it . 'anion+
THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 80, 1863
For the Patriot and Union.
DISASTERS OCCASIONED BY ABOLI
TION GENERALS TO THE ARMY OF
THE POTOMAC.
Mn. EDITOR :—I had intended in my last to
close these communications by stating the
causes of so many disappointments and defeats,
and want of general military success during
the rebellion; but your note appended to the
second communication induces me to pause
and say a few words in reply, and to reiterate
that the writer has no object in view than to
state facts, and no desire to do injustice to any
officer, let him come from any country, be it
New England or New South Wales. Your ob
servations in your note are perfectly just, and
I thank you for them, as nothing is more com
mendable in the conductor of a valuable public
newspaper than to watch with jealous care that
no incorrect statements should be disseminated
through its columns. I only regret that some
other papers I could name were guarded with
a tythe of the same jealous care.
As to general Casey, he is still in the ser
vice, as you say, and I sincerely hope testi
mony may be elicited to relieve him from all
blame ; but yen must also remember the action
of the government in not assigning him to ac
tive duties in the field, and not continuing him
in command of his division of the Army of the
Potomac.
Also, as to Gen. Fitz John Porter, I cheer
fully qualify what I wrote by saying that if,
in his case, it can be shown that the least in
fluence was brought to bear of this malignant
faction on the testimony it becomes unworthy
of public credit, exeept such as they may pro
duce against themselves, an 4 even that should
be taken cum gran sah3. Show me that and I
become hie open defender.
This brings me, Mr. Editor, to the subject at
the head of this cbmmunication, and I intend
to show your readers that two of the greatest
disasters that have happened to the noble
Army of the. Potomac, (or Virginia, as it was
one of the times alluded to called,) was mainly
caused by Abolition Generals. In a military
point, I mean, the deadliest enemy to its fame
has always been the faction.
The first Bull Run defeat `as one of them,
and in that the faction figured largely. You
will remember, sir, that just before that battle
a great howl was got up by administration
spouters and rhetors in Congress and Repub
lican press about "masked batteries." You
can scarcely forget it 1' I was at Washington
at the time, and can never forget it from the
mingled feeling it created of -indignation and
langhter. It was first started, I think, in the
Senate, by that most precious military adviser
of the Prtsioent— iv neon. Lb Lierceozifir
into a prolonged wail by the conduct of one
General Schenck (one of the faction) at the
affair of " Vienna," and it ran like a "scared
dog" through the whole Army of the Poto
mac, having about the same effect upon our
ardent but inexperienced soldiers as a "spook"
would have amongst some of our people of
German origin in Pennsylvania—at least it is
the best comparison I can find. This stimu
lant, with others equally wise and military,
were the preparations made by Wilson & Co. to
aid Gen. lki'Dowell for commencing his cam
paign, or to drive the rebels from their "rat
holes," as that precious man, Simmons, so ele
gantly expressed himself in the Senate. The
General had also the invaluable aid of the pre
sence of Wilson, Simmons & Co., and all their
retainers, at the battle, in the rear of his
forces, reinforced by a large gang of political
loafers from Washington.
Well, we now come to the battle, in which
Gen. M'Dowell was deprived of the fruits of
his well executed movements, mainly by the
bad conduct of an Abolition General. I will
be brief.
Gen..M'Dowell crosses the Long Bridge with
56,000 men, and menthes against Beauregard's
position at Manassas. His plan was to turn it
on the left. He successfully and rapidly con
centrates his army at Fairfax C. H. This so
far was a success, for Gen. Beauregard had
been led to exiled, the blow would be struck on
the right flank of his position, and had massed
his troops there, and even Jeff. Davis himself
had come up from Gordonsville with all the re
served troops and posted them there. General
M'Dowell having thus masked his first move
ment from his opponent, commenced preparing
for the consummation of his strategy of flank
ing the left of the position, which had been
fortified with Bo much care. He sends on in
advance Gen. Tyler, with a competent force
and an engineer officer, to Centreville, some
miles in his front, to see if there were any re
bel troops there, (or, in military parlance, to
"feel his way" and make a reconnoissance of
the ground he was to fight on,) with express
orders to halt there. Mark that I for this is
the real turning point of the whole affair, in a
military point. Well, what does this General
Tyler do ? We shall see what he does, and its
disastrous effects. He marches to Centreville
—finds it abaudoned—no enemy there—and
then, instead of halting and covering his force,
he advances some miles on and tumbles into
Bull Run, and gets into a cannon fight with
the batteries there, and thus reveals to the op
posing General the whole strategy of General
M'Dowell's movement ; for Beauregard (as he
states in his report) hurries up to the scene of
action, and finds his batteries engaged with the
advance of the whole Federal army, massed to
turn his left flank,,and not his right, where he
had expected the attack and had prepared to
meet it. He immediately brings rapidly from
his right Stonewall Jackson's, Bee's and Gregg's
brigades to strengthen hie left, and sends for
Gen. Johnston to hasten up from Winchester
to outflank M'Dowell's flanking movement.
This is the fact, and the original cause of the
defeat occasioned by a blundering Abolition
General. As to the battle itself, which took
place the second day after.-of Johnston's move
ments and activity, Patterson's sluggishness,
of good or bad conduct of particular officers
or particular regiments, or. of any of the in
cidents of the battle—l have nothing to say.
But I do say that, in a military point of view,
what I have above stated is the primary and
main cause of the disaster ; and if you, Mr.
Editor, will read all the reports on both sides,
and visit the battle-field as I have, you will
come to the same conclusion—and history will
so record it.
As to the valuable assistance rendered to
Gen. M'Dowell on that disastrous day by Wil
son, Simmons & Co., I say nothing, as I feel
incapable of doing them justice—but will sim
ply refer you to the 300th edition of the Great
National Song Book, called "Yankee Doodle"
—from the 1300th verse downwards—printed
in Boston, by those enterprising publishers,
Praisem & Cheatem. The book is illustrated
with portraits of Gene. Banks, Fremont and
other distinguished Generals, from plates exe
cuted on the finest brass, and dedicated by the.
patriotic publishers "To the Soldiers of the
Army of the Potomac." Soldiers of the army
generally can be supplied at the extremely
moderate price of• $lO a copy—soldiers be
longing to New Engand regiments at one-half
that, with a glossary thrown in. Pumcose.
CHARGE OF JUDGE PEARSON.
Gentlemen of the Grand Jury :—The exigency
of the times, and my great anxiety to benefit
the country and shelter the community from
impending evil, must be my apology for travel
ing out of the ordinary description of crimes
and misdemeanors, and calling your attention,
and through you that of the people at large, to
the danger of violating certain recently enacted
laws of Congress, passed for the purpose of
enabling the government to carry on success
fully the war for national existence, in which
we are now unfortunately involved. To meet
the immense demands on the public treasury,
and raise the necessary funds to maintain the
national credit, heavy taxes on the business
and certain descriptions of property have been
imposed by Congress. The meashre was indis
pensable, without which, or some one of kin
dred character, the wheels of govern Mitt would
come to a dead stand. Although this is well
known to every person of ordinary intelligence,
yet certain designing individuals, for unpatri
otic and sinister purposes, have raised a public
clamor against the tax with the view of ren
dering it unpopular, and in many parts of the
country the people are urged to elude its as
sessment and resist its collection. In a country
professing to be governed by laws, every
evasion of their obligation or resistance to
their enforcement is a violation of the highest
moral duty of the citizen. His only protection
for life, liberty, or property, is to be found in
the law, and he can with no propriety claim
its shelter, if be contemns its sanctions, or
evades its responsibilities. These tax laws do
not fall upon the real property of the country.
Congress considered that sufficiently burdened
by the State, county and municipal taxes, but
they imposed it on the business of the dealer,
the manufacturer and the urefessional man,
ana more especially on inuomeo,
neys, at interest, stocks, and obligations of
various kinds and forms. The burden should
be met cheerfully and the tax 4ittid honestly,
for never had this country greater necessity
for the aid of the citizen in return for the pro
tection which he has received. it is not only
the moral and legal duty to which I desire to
call your attention, but also to apprise you that
the law contains severe legal sanctions, and
imposes heavy penalties against those who
make false statements, or resist its execu
tion.
The law providing for a system of conscrip
tion, to fill the ranks of the army, has been the
subject of severe animadversion. This opposi
tion, doubtless, arises in part from an honest
difference of opinion among our citizens as to
the best method of effecting the object, but is
pressed mainly by those who, out of disaffec
tion to the government, or sympathy with the
rebellion are opposed to any system which
would st rengthen! the military force of the
country,
The act provides for enroling the whole
militia of the United States, and exacts service
from all able-bodied men between the ages of
twenty and forty-five, with a very few excep
tions. They are divided into two classes;
those between the ages of twenty and thirty
five form the first class, and these above
thirty-five the second class. The requisite
draft is to be made, in the first place, from the
younger class, until it is exhausted, after
which the elder may be called into service.
The failure to serve in person or by a substi
tute will probably subject the delinquent to a
fine of three hundred dollars. The act pro
vides severe penalties against any resistance to
the draft, or counselling, or advising any one to
resist it, or not to appear at the place of ren
dezvoug, or perform military duty, and pun
ishes with severity any assault on the officers
engaged in making it or obstructing them in
the performance of their duty. The same
statute also imposes a heavy fine and a long
term of imprisonment on any one who shall
procure, entice, or counsel a soldier in the
service of the United States to desert, or who
shall harbor, conceal, or give employment to
a deserter, or aid him to escape from the ser
vice, knowing him to be such, and you will
understand that this applies even to the near
est relative harboring and concealing a de
serter, unless it might be to the case of a wife
concealing her husband ; so that it is the
bounden duty of every one knowing that a
deserter is on or about their premises to give
immediate notice thereof to some provost mar
shal, or other officer of the United States.—
Every citizen must bear in mind, that combina
tions formed to resist the law are of themselves
high crimes, and those so uniting or combi
ning, may, even without the commission of any
overt act, be indicted for a conspiracy, and if
resistance by force occurs, the parties so re
sisting are guilty of high treason. You are
doubtless aware that one branch of the defini
tion of high treason, as declared in the Fed
eral Constitution, consists in levying war
against the United States. And Judge Grier
has decided in the circuit court, in strict con
formity with the decisions of nearly all of,the
United States Supreme Judges, that levying
war against the United States is not necessa
rily to be judged of alone by the number and
array of troops, but there must be a conspiracy
to resist by force and an actual resistance by
force of arms, or intimidation by numbers.
The conspiracy, and the insurrection con
nected with it, must be to effect something of
a public nature, to overthrow the government,
or to nullify some law of the United States, and
totally to hinder its eXeettliOn, or compel its repeal.
Another learned judge, in conformity with all
the authorities, declares " levying war em
braces not merely the act of formal or declared
PRICE TWO CENTS.
war, but any combination forcibly to prevent
or oppose the enforcement of any provision of
the Constitution, or of a public statute, ft" accom
panied or followed by an act of forcible opposition
in pursuance of such combination." Not only
those who use the force are guilty of high
treason, but every one who counsels or encour
ages the act becomes a principal traitor; for in
treason all are principals.
This crime, by the laws of the United States,
is very properly punished with death, for it is
the highest offence which any citizen can
commit against the government of his country
—the endeavor to destroy it. The public
speakers, and editors or writers for newspa
pers, who so flippantly advise resistance to the
laws, can certainly but little reflect on their
actions. Should those whom they address,
take them at their word and resort to forcible
resistance, not only would the advised, but the
adviser, be involved in one common ruin. All
would forfeit their lives to the offended laws
of their country.
If the government has in times past lightly
overlooked such ravings, it was because it felt
strong and secure, but ate time like this, when
the struggle is for national existence, words
become things, and evil counsel cannot be
lightly overlooked, or mildly dealt with, and
should it lead to unlawful resistance, will pro
bably be punished in proportion to its deme
rits.
It sometimes happens that provost marshals
or their guards meet with resistance when en.
deavoring to compel drafted militiamen or de
serters from the army to attend at the places
of rendezvous. Those making it must bear in
mind that their resistance is unlawfuL The
offcer or his guard come under the shelter of
legal authority. If those making the resistance
are killed, it is justifiable homicide. If the
officer, or any aiding him, are slain, it is mur
der in all concerned in making the opposition.
It is very confidently asserted that societies
have been formed in many parts of this as well
as other States, calling themselves "Knights of
the Golden Circle," the object of which is to
overturn and destroy the government of the
United States, and assist the Southern Con
federacy in its rebellion. I do not phtend to
know *hether any such societies have an exist
ence in our county, or if they do exist, whether
it is for any improper or illegal object. They
may, for ought I know, be as innocent as a
" sewing circle " or a " reading club, "'but if
formed for any illegal purpose, they should be
broken up by the strong hand of the law or
voluntarily dissolved; and if any of our citizens
have been so imprudent as to connect them
selves with such institutions, we counsel and
urge them to sever the connection without de
lay, else they may find themselves involvei in
that which may lead to their ruin. Every
combination of men,.for any unlawful purpose,
is a conspiracy, and may subject the conspira
tor to imprisonment in the penitentiary. It is
an offence against the laws of the Common
wealth, triable in the State courts, and if the
grand jury, or any member of that body, know
of the existence of such societies in this county,
it is their bounden duty to present them. The
bare entering into such combination, as above
stated, is a conspiracy, and if any act of vio
lence is committed by those combining, if done
by the action of numbers, and the display
of arms, and for the purpose of resisting any
law of the United States, it is high treason. I
mention this as a caution to the honest and
well-disposed citizen, who is sometimes in
duced to join societies without understanding
precisely their nature and object.
In addition to the laws of the United States
- 1 - , .eriv referred to we have a high penal sta
tute in 0117
'-
persuade any person from entering the mili
tary service of this State or of the United
States, or being in such service, advising or
endeavoring to persuade them to leave it. As
this is an offence against the State laws, if you
know of any such acts having been committed,
it is your duty to present them.
There is an evil of very considerable magni
tude at the present time, and of almost daily
occurence, for which it is supposed that there
is no adequate remedy ; I allude to that of per
sons reviling and railing against the govern
ment under which we live, and praising and
expressing a preference for that of the rebels.
Such conduct frequently leads to violence on
the part of the loyal citizens, at which we need
not be much surprised, although it is not justi
fiable in law. The proper course is to have the
parties so reviling the government arrested and
taken before a magistrate, where they may be
bound over for their good behavior until the
next session of their court, when the cause can
be fully heard. We have no doubt that such
seditious and traitorous expressions at a time
like the present, if not indictable, afford good
ground for binding the perpetrator for his good
behavior, if for no other reason, because it
tends to breaches of the public peace by exci
ting others to break it, but numerous additional
legal reasons may be adduced to justify such
a course. Do not misunderstand me on this
subject. Men have the most unlimited right
to condemn, and if you please,
rail at the
Nationali Administation, and object to the man
ner in which it conducts public affairs, but not
to decry the government under which we live,
or express hopes or wishes for a dissolution of
the Union, the destruction or defeat of our
armies, the success of the rebels or of the rebel
lion. My motive for referring to this subject
is to prevent unlawful violence. Many persons
feeling excited and incensed against those who
express hostility to the Northern States and
avow themselves favorable to the success of the
South, attack those expressing such senti
ments, pleading as an excuse that there is no
other way to silence the ribald tongue, and pre
vent a repetition of the offence. The law of
the land furnishes adequate redress in all such
oases without infringing on proper freedom of
speech, for we hold that the same common law
which can prevent and punish blasphemy
against God can prevent blasphemy against
the State, and the ear of the Christian is not
to be offended with impunity by the one any
more than that of the patriot is by the other.
It may be thought by some that we are lia
troducing a mere question of party politics into
court, which we entirely disclaim. These
questions have no relation to party, but to
national existence. Partisans may, and per
haps always will, differ as to the best and
most proper method of administering the gov
ernment, but the points discussed go to its
very ealetence—shall we have a national gov
ernment at all? The rebellion, if successful,
destroys our nationality, and throws all things
into chaos, Citizens have a right under the.
provisions of the Constitution to change their
rulers at the expiration of their term of office,
and elect those who will administer the public
affairs differently, but no one has the right to
destroy the government itself. Every such
act is high treason. In a contest like that now
waging in this country all whose feelings,
wishes and sympathies are with the rebels, ate
traitors in their hearts, and all who render
them aid or comfort, directly or indirectly, are
traitors in their acts. All who are not for the
government are against it. In this great
struggle for national existence there can be
but two parties, true men arid traitors ; there
can be no neutrals. Every man receiving the
protection of the government is bound to ren
der it his warmest support, whether he ap-
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proves or disapproves of the administration...
The latter he may entirely condemn, the for
mer he is bound to support. Parties will al.
ways exist in every free country, and whether
men will sustain or oppose a particular admini
stration, is•one in which there should ever be
the most perfect freedom of opinion, but no
man or sot of men has any right, natural or
political, to overturn the government itself.
He is bound to support and sustain it, let who
will administer its affairs, until the rulers can
be changed under the provisions of the Con
stitution. There certainly can be no difficulty
with persons of ordinary intelligence drawing
the distinction between sustaining the govern
ment itself, and sustaining or opposing those
who temporarily administer , its affairs. The
latter is a question of party, the former of pa
triotism.
A SHORT, SENSIBLE SPEECH.
The Democrats of North &wickly, Beaver
county, held a meeting on the 14th, and were
addressed by R. Gregor M'Gregor. Only the
substance of his speech is given, but in what
we have there is a volume of truth- and muck
sound sense. It is a short speech which every
body will read, and we flatter ourselves be
pleased with. Mr. M'Gregor, after remarking
that he is speaking "in a district that does not
contain a single family but is sound in the
faith of the Democratic Fathers," continued :
An eld man of that neighborhood, who is
now what he has been for a life-time, one of
the soundest of the unswerving Democrats of
Beaver county, had said to him a few evenings
ago : " I have five sons in the Union army, and
if I had five more, they should every cue go;
but I do not like the way this thins is being
managed." That old man, he took it, spoke
the sentiments of the great mass of the Demo
cratic party of the Union, as well as the con
servative men who have not yet left the sicken
ing and unnatural embrace of the Abolitionists.
He read from an address that he had delivered
to the people of this community at the breaking
out of the war, in 1861, to show the language
in which we, as Democrats and as patriots, had
promptly and freely agreed to lay aside our
partisan politics and sustain the National ad
ministration, 80 LONG AS IT WOULD SUSTAIN TN
NATIONAL CONSTITUTION. Loyalty to the Union
did not necessarily imply an obligation to sup
port the Black Republican party. We had
sent our sons to the army, and our brothel%
have left their bones to whiten every battle
field of the war, believing that to die in this
contest was to fall as martyrs to the sacred
cause for which the Democracy have always
contested—the Union and the Constitution and
the enforcement of the laws. But to turn it
from a war for the Union into a struggle for.
the negro, and then expect that Detueserath who
had always supported the Constitution and
defended the rights of ALL under it, should not
have the right to peaceably assemble and
earnestly remonstrate against what they, in
their wisdom, conceived to be unconstitutional,
impolitic and ill advised, was to suppose that
we would give up all the rights guaranteed to
us by the palladium of our liberty itself. To
give a definition of "loyalty," he said that
fidelity to the Constitution is loyalty to the
Union. He defied the enemies of the Demo
cracy and the minions of the administration to
convict him or those whom he was addressing
of having one spark of disloyalty. For proof
of our loyalty we point not to windy harangues
and " spread-eagle " declamations, but
14 We point them to the blood
Avast POttallac
That stains the bills of Maryland—the phano
nessee."
The widows and orphans of our brothers who
have fallen in the conflict attest our loyalty
amid the tears of affection shed over the new
made graves of the fallen brave. We intend
to meet the encroachments of the Abolitionists
upon the 'Constitution witft arguments ad
dressed to their sense of justice, appeals to
their love of country; and, failing in these,
we will meet them—not, as they threaten us,
with "hemp-collars," and with the bayonet—
ing with the BALLOT, that is
"More firmly set,
And surer than the bayonet?)
"A weapon that comes down as still
As snow flakes fall upon the sod,
But executee the freeman's will
As lightning does the Will of God) ,
After reviewing, as a loyal lover of the flag
under which he was born, the legislation of
the Republican Congress of the country, and
the administration of the Republican Execu
tive, he concluded that, although we have not
a Jackson at the helm—only A, Lincoln—we
must put up with the latter, on the sublime
principle of the sacred philosophy of the Ec
clesiastes—that "a living dog is better than a
dead lion."
[Oommunicateda
EBERLY'S MILLS, April 27, 1863.
MESSRS. EDITORS : It is said that an open
confession is good for the soul, but whether it
is applicable in every case is very doubtful—
for if an Abolitionist has a soul, then the above
rule will not apply. They have frequently con
fessed that they are wrong, when conversing
with them on the policy of the present admin
istration. Yesterday one of the negro-wor
shipers, in conversing with a couple of Demo
crats, admitted that the administration is dri
ving the government to destruction, "but,"
said he, "why do you Democrats let us do it—
for you Democrats are a majority, and could
prevent it if you would." This is similar to
what one of the black vipers said to me imme
diately after the battle of BuHann No. I, when
there was a general trembling throughout the
North for fear. Speaking of the negro policy
being the cause of the present trouble, 14 Why,"
says he, "you Democrats are to blame, for, if
you had stuck together in the Charleston Con
vention, we could not have elected Abe Lin
coln, and this trouble would not have come
upon us." This puts me in mind of two boys,
Dan and Tom, who were crossing the river in
a boat. Dan was an expert rower ; Tom had
ones tried rowing the boat, and came near up
setting it. .After that Dan did all the rowing
for a long time, until he had forgotten Tom's
bad luck, and, in an evil hour, when Tom
olaimed them, gave him the oars. But, alas I
he had not rowed far until he had unshipped
his oars and, becoming confused, let them go, '
and the boat, drifting on breakers, was eap..
sized, so that Dan and Tom both came near
being droWned. However, after a great deal
of splashing, they both climbed on the keel of
the boat, and after getting the the water out
of their mouths and wiping it from their eyes,
Tom began, saying—"Lan , it is your fault that
says Dan. “Be
tchacus b e 0 , a i
ft
yonups upset." . a '
d' "Why nolgive ? n " me the oars, and
had rowed the boat yourself, it would not have
upset." A DEMOCRAT.