RATES OF ADVERTISING.
-,-_____
Fear Used or less constitute half square. Ten
or more than four, mutant° a square.
i
MO sq. i one day-- II 30 One sq., one day...-. $6 60
oneweek.... 120 " one week.... 200
- one month.. 300 ( 4 one month.. 000
" . threemontha sa) I , . three monthslo 00
" six months.. SOO " Illa Menthe,. 16 00
" one year.-.-1 2 00 " one year —2O 00
iCrßusinese notices inserted in the LOCAL COME!,
or before marriages and deaths, TEN CENTS PER LINE for
each insertion_ To merchants and others advertising
by the year, liberal terms wiii be offered.
fis. - The number of insertions must be designated on
he advertisement.
ID.. m a rriages and Deaths will be inserted at the same
ates as regular advertisements.
_Miscellaneous.
PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
war Claims and Claims for Indemnity.
STEWART, STEVENS, CLARK & CO.,
Attorneys and Munn llora-at-Law, and Solicitors
for all kinds of _Military Claims,
480 PENNbYLVANIA AVENUE,
WASHINGTON, D. C.
This ilrm, having a thorough knowledge of the Pen
sion Business, and being familiar 'with the practice in
all the Departments of Government, believe that they
can afford greater facilities to Pension, Bounty, and
other Claimants, for the prompt and successful accom
plishment of business entrusted to them, than any ether
dm in Washington. They desire to secure each an
amount of this business as will enable them to execute
the business for each claimant very cheaply, and on the
basis of their pay contingent upon their success in each
case. Poe this purpose they will secure the eerTieen of
Law RIMS in each prominent locality throughout the
Mates where such business may be had, furnish such
with all the necessary blank forms of application and
evidence, requisite printed pamphlet instructions, and
circulars for distribution in their vicinity, with asso
ciates names inserted, and upon the due execution of
the papers and transmission of the Name to them by
their lead associates, they will promptly perform the
business here.
117- Their charges will be ten dollars for officers and
fire dollars for privates, for each Penaion or Bounty and
Sack Pay obtained, and ten per cent. on amount of
Claims for Military Supplies or Claims for Indemnity.
irr Soldiers enlisted since the let of March, 1861, in
any kind of service, Military or Naval, who are disabled
by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions. AU
soldiers who serve for two years, or during the war,
should it sooner close, will be entitled to $lOO Bounty.
Widows of soldiers who die or are killed, are entitled to
Pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow,
then the minor children. And if no minor children,
then the father mother sisters or brothers are enti-
Jad as above to the $lOO Bounty and Back Pay.
JOSEPH B. STEWART,
HEBTOR L. STEVENS,
EDW &ED CLARK,
OSCAR A. STEMBNS,
WILLIS B. OAYLORD.
WASHINGTON, D. 0.,1889.
tu - Apply at our etnee, Or to our As/iodate at
aaaarastrao, Pa..—JOHN A. BIGLEIt, Attorney and
riourundlor.
Pzrassine, PA.—WHIMS it. BIDDBLL, Atter
aeys-at-Lsw.
PO27I3TILLII, Pi.—WM. B. SMITH, Attorney and .
Counsellor.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.—I. Q. MTITMORTIAD, 46 Alwood
greet, WM. M. MIMI, Attorney and Connselior
WAsuurares, CAUMEUNOB, Attorney
and Counsellor.
jl3l-illy
JACKSON & CO.'S
SHOE S TORE,
NO. VON DIALNICZT STRUT,
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Where they ntend to devote their entire time to the
magarattire of
BOOTS AND 3110E8
*II kinds and varieties, in the neatest and moat nob,
unmade styles, and at satisfactory prices.
'eir stock will consist, in pest, of GentiOnnt'S l lint
Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, latest styles;
Ladies' and Misses' Gaiters, and other Shoes In great
variety; and in fact everything connected with the
Moe Unarms.
IUIYSTODLES WORK will be particularly attended to,
and in all eases will satisfaction be warranted. Lolls
prod sty by ass of the best makers in the country.
Tam long practical experience of the undersigned, and
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
trust, be snillcient guarantee to the public that they
will do them justice, and furnish them an article tha
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dart-
Una] ILCKSON & 00.
/ lIRINGER'S PATENT BEEF TEA,
111 a solid, concentrated extract of
BEEF AND VEGETABLES,
Convertible immediately into a nourishing and deli
cious soup. Highly approved by a inember of eminent
PAyeitiana.
Thisadmirable article condensed into a eompaet form,
all the substantial and nutritive properties of a large
bulk of meat and vegetables. The readiness with which
it dissolves into a rich and palatable Soup, which would
require hours of preparation according to the usual
method, is an advantage in many situations of life too
obvious to needirgl it uf. Its highly nourishing qualities
combined with cacy, renders it invalnablefor the
sick; while for in health, it is a perfectsubstitute
for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keep good hussy
climate.
It is peculiarly well adapted FOIL TRATZLIRS, by
land or sea, who can gam avoid those actddeniaddepriva
Lions of a comfortable meal, to which they are so liable.
FOR INVALIDS, whose capricious appetite can thus
se satisfied in a moment.
FOR SPORTSMEN and EXCURSIONISTS. to whom,
Both its compactness and easy preparation will recom
mend it. For sale by
sep24-tf
A BOOK FOR THE TIMES I
American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events for the Year 1861. In 1 va.
8 vo. over 750 papa Cloth 03, Leather $3.60.
Published by D. Appleton 4. Co., New York.
The design of tbio work ie to furnish a record of all
the important knowledge of the year. The events of
the war. owing to their prominence, will, of course, oc
cupy a conspicuous part, but all other branches- 2 801-
mm% Art, Literature, the Mechanic Arta, ace. 7 will re
ceive due attention. The work will be pubhshed ex
clusively by subscription, and ready for deliveryin Tune
next.
Also, new complete
Benton's Debates of Coagress,lB volumes, 53 and $3.60
per volume.
-Senior's Warty Years in 11. S. Senate, 2 vohnnis, 52.50
and $3 per vol.
Cyclopetka of American _Eloquence, containing the
speeches of the most eminent Orators of America, 14
steel portraits, 2 roots. $2.50 each.
farton 7 s Life and Times of Andrew Jackson, 3 volumes,
Ei.so ostah-
Address 7. N. ETRABBATIGH, Harrisburg, Pa.
General Agent for D. APPLETON & 00.
Per Circulars descriptive of Annual Cyclopedia.
aprila-ditlrtf.
CHARTER OAK
FAMILY FLOUR!
VNEXOELLED BY ANT IN THE Tf. STATER
AND SUPSRIOII TO ANY
1 4 10 .416.1 W CI lir 13, MIL AL. I\T
OFFERED IN PENNSYMANUI
IT IS MADE OD
CHOICE MISSOURI WHITE WHEAT.
WI" Delivered any place In the city fret of char a.
litmus met on di:livery.
WM. DOCK, Js., & CO.
iOLDIER'S CAMP COMPANION.-
A very isoatenient Writing Dsek ; also, Portfolio",
"Ilesiorsaduan Books, Portmooosies, st
BORKTIFIWB BOOKWORM
IgOTIONS.—Quite a variety of useful
an 3 entertaining articles—cheap—at
EICHICHItaaI BOOKSTOB.II.
1101rERMETICALLY SEALED
_L_L_ Peaches, Tomatoes, Lobster, Salmon, Dieters,
flitted Oysters, for sib by WM. DOOR, jr., up,
OTICE TO CAPITALISTS
I VALUABLE INVESTMENT - OFFERED.
The imdereigned offers for mile Invß HUNDRED
AND EIGHTY. THREE ACRES of exeellent COAL
LANDS. containing the entire Allegheny coal mines.
situated in Washington township, Cambria. county.
A vein of kyr feet in thickness has been opened and is
now being worked in three places. The Pennsylvania
Central railroad titre through the twit and along side
of these openings. Samples furnished on appliestion
byto the proprietor. Reference as to quality may be had
applying to 0. W. Barnes, Philadelphia, John W.
Wooster, Dunqannon iron works, or in Cleveland, Ohio.
Tittle indisputable—terms easy.
JERRNIAR MIIONIGLE,
Hemlock P. 0..
Cambria county, Pa.
matto-{u2t-wtr
WENCH MUSTARD, ENGLISH and
omestic Pickles, (by the dozen or handreddila-
Wicie Osled Oil, Rada% Slam and anulimente of
imetY deseription, for ede by
inym WM. DOCK, 7n., & Co
WAR WAR ! —BRADY, No. 62
Market *treat, 'below Third, bes received aline
aloortment of armee dame wet MIM I whisk a
Wilma roil low. so2o-dtf
IM3
Wit DOCK, JR., it Co
-,,
...--.
-
_ - .hif•; -. - .:----'. .--- 7:- - .,..,
tic-
• ;_,, \ - P' 2U477,....- :,-,-,...: ' . ~.,.,..
.- - -.-," .
' ., '' '':' .- 1711 1 .1 I 1 11-". '
' . \ . :7 -' - : -. . - _ -:. 7 . 7. ;. '..111 - 11 •
' * - 72•'.._.... - _-: ' ion
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~ ~.=
ti -- i 1, ;
..
••'-' - ""- --- , ---- - 4'7777--' -'-'
. .. . . • i
. ...
_
.. Un.
Business saris.
C. WEICHEL,
SURGEON AND OCULIST,
RESIDENCE THIRD NEAR NORTH STREET.
He if now fully prepared to attend promptl7 to tiet
duties of profession in all its branches.
A LONG AND TINT 80001887VL XIDIOAL NITIZINNON
justifies Id= in promising full and ample satisfaction to
all who mayfavor him with a call, be the digeale (ThrOoill
or any other nature. usle-deserLy
WM. H. MILL
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
OPPIOB IN
SHOEMAKER'S BUILDINGEI
SECOND STREET, • •
BITIVIIN WALNUT AND MABIIBT WARR,
no2B] Nearly opposite the Buehler Howie. Ramo'
THOS. O. MAcDOWELLI
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MILITARY CLAIM AND PATENT AGENT.
Office in Burhe's Raw, Third street, (Up Stairs.)
Having formed a connection with parties in Wash
ington Oily, wno are reliable business men, any busi
ness connected with any of the Departments will meet
With hillUediat, sad OMNI attention, 1116-y
CHARLES F. VOLLMER
UPHOLSTERER,
Chestnut street, four doors above Second,
(OPPOSITE WASHINGTON Hoes Homos ,)
prepared to furnish to order, in the very beet style of
workmanship, Spring and Hair Mattresses, Window Cur
tail:us, Lounges, and all other articles of Furniture in his
line . , on short notice end moderate terms. Having ex
perience in the business, he feels warranted in asking a
share of public patronage, confident of Ms ability to give
satisfaction. janl7-dtf
' SILAS WARD.
NO. 11, NORTH THIRD ST., HARRISBIIBAL
STEINWAY'S PIANOS,
MELODEONS, VIOLINS, GUITARS,
Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Drums, slecordeons,
STRINGS, BESET AND BOON mono, dro.,
PHOTOGRAPH PRAMS& ALBUMS,
Large Pier and Mantle Mirrors, Square and Oval Frames
of every description made to order. Regnilding dons.
Agency for Hewe's Sewing Machines.
17" Sheet Music sent by Mail. oetl-1
JOHN W. GLOVER,
MERCHANT TAILOR
Has just received from New York, an assort•
ment of
SEASONABLE GOODS,
which he offers to hia enstomera and the faiblie ai
nov22) MODERATE PRICES. dtf
W • HARRY WILLIAMS
ALarM.MI 9 T
9
' 403 WALNUT STREET,
PHIL ADELPHIA.
General Claims for Soldiers promptly collected, State
Claims adjaated, &a.. &a. naar2o-41m
SMITH & EWING,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
THIRD STREET, Harrisburg,
Practice in the several Courts of Dauphin county. Col
lections made promptly.. A. C. SMITH,
feb2B • T. B. EWING-.
T_ erchant.MtMln----
27 013:60IIT 151%,-between- Beelead*Clialf,
INS just returned from the city with an wourtment of
CLOTHS, CASSMIERES AND - VES.27IYOS,
Which will be sold at moderate prises and made up to
order; and, also , an assortment of BEADY MAIM
Clothing and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods.
nov2l-lyd
D TI . B TRY
B. L GRUA, D. D. S.,
N 0 . 11 9 MARKET STREET,
EBY & KIINIEEL'S BUILDING, VP STAIRS.
janB-tf
RELIGIOUS BOOK STORE,
TRACT AND SUNDAY SCHOOL DEPOSITORY,
E. S. GERMAN,
ST SOUTH SECOND STREET, ABOTH CHIONUT,
Ninizszosa, PA.
Depot for the sale of Storeoscopes,SteroosoopieViewo,
Maio and Musical Instruments. Also, subscriptions
iiikOu for religions publications. nosaap
JOHN G. W. MARTIN,.
FASHIONABLE
CARD WRITER,
HERR'S HOTEL, HARRISBURG., PA.
Allmanner of VISITING, WEDDING AND BUSI
NESS CARDS executed in the most artistic styles and
mast reasonable terms. decl4-41tf
F RANKLIN HOUSE,
DALTIMORD, MD.
This pleasant and commodious Hotel has p been tho
roughly re-dtted and re!-furnished. It is leasantly
situated on North-West corner of Howard sod Franklin
streets, a few doors west of the Northern Central Hall
way Depot. livery attention paid to the comfort of his
guests. G. LBDIDNRING, Proprietor,
lel2-tf (Late of Selina Grore. Pa.)
THEO. F. SOHEFFER,
BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER ,
NO. 18 MAREBT STUNT, HARRISBURG.
117' Particular attention paid to printing, ruling and
binding of Railroad Blanket, Manifests, Insurance Poll-
Mee, Checks, Bill-Heads, &o.
Wedding, Visiting and Business Cards printedst very
low prices and in the best style. Penn
DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
mazurAoruss
CARBOYS, DEBIT:OHNS,
WINE, PONTNR, MINERAL WAWA, NOKIA AND
PRESERVE BOTTLES
OP EMIT Deatlsinloa.
E. B. & G. W. NINNIES
0119-417 St South Front eters% Philadelphia.
MUSIC STORNI
NO. 93 NARRIT STUNT, HARRISBITAG, PA.
SHEET MUSIC, PIANOS,
MELODEONS, GUITARS,
VIOLINS, BANJO STRINGS,
Of every deacaiption.
DRUMS, VMS, PLIITIS, ACCORDIONS, eta. at
the lowest OITP PRIORS, at
W. KNOOHI'B MORO STORM,
• No. 93 Mawr Stamar.
PRO CL AM A T 10 N.—Whereas, the
Honorable7oam7. Pgaasoir, President of the Court
or Common Pleas in the Twelfth Judidal 'District, con
sisting of the counties of Lebanon and Dauphin, and the
Hon. BAWD!. Lamm and Hon. Moen R. Tema, Also.
ciate Judges in Dauphin county, having issued their pre
cept, bearing date the 24th day of February, 1868, to me
directed, for holdings Court of Oyer and Terminer and
General Jail Delivery and Quarter Sessions of the Peace
at Harrisburg, for the county of Dauphin, and to com
mence on th e f oso rk, Monday o f April DaDt, being the
27111 day of April, 1868, and to continue two weeks.
Notice is therefore hereby given to the Coroner, Jus
tices of the Waco, Aldermen, and Constables of the said
county of Dauphin, that they be then and there in their
proper persons, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon of said day,
with their racards, inquisitions, ersiiiinations, andtheir
own remembrance'', to do those things which to their
aloe appertains to be done and those who are bound in
I.OOOgMEDZIODO to prosecute melon the prisoners that are
or shall be in the Jail of Dauphin. county, be then and
there to prosecute against them as shall be just.
Given under my hand, at Harrisburg, the 24th dy of
April, in the year of our Lord, 1863, and in the eig ty-
Seventh year of the independence of the United States.
J. D. BOAS, Sheriff.
UAW, PRIED BEEF, BOLOGNA
OLVOMAIS, T9NGH7llO,dca., for.sale low, by
WK. DOCK, li., k 4
:11 grid Mou.
SATURDAY /ORRIN% APRIL 25. IE4,
SPEECH OF
WILLIAM A. STOKES,
OF WESTMORELAND,
Before the Allegheny County Democratic
Club, Pittsburg, April 14, 1863.
I salute you, fellow citizens, with fraternal
emotion, for we are bound together as members
of the great Democratic family by ties of po•
litical affection, and no man, who loves his
country, can behold the scene now and here
presented—this vast assemblage of the indomi
table and unterrified, with resolutions of reps.-
ration and revenge for the wrongs done to our
common mother, the Republic, stamped firmly
on your faces—the fire of patriotism gleaming
from your eyes—strong arms ready for any
emergency which may arise or any duty to
which your country may call you, whether to
defend the Union against the traitors of the
south, or the Constitution against the tyrants
of the North—no man can behold such a scene
as this and not feel re-inspired in devotion, re
assured in hope. For myself, let me confess,
that while I rejoice in this evidence of coming
good, I am appalled by the task before me. He
who, in times like these, ventures to address
the people on those topics of overwhelming
importance which now agitate the nation—
which indeed everywhere convulse society—
should not be, nay, cannot be, unmindful of
the responsibility he assumes. Of course Ido
not allude to the peril of being kidnapped by
military power and incarcerated in Federal
dungeons—a fate neither to be sought nor
avoided—not imminent now, because already
the tortures wantonly inflicted by the myrmi
dons of power have caused them to recoil aghast
from their hellish work, have re-invigorated
the patriotism of the people, and aroused the
land from the lethargy of false security. It is
the Divine decree that salvation shall be by
suffering. It is in the fire of affliction that the
soul is purged and purified. The dark hours
of disappointment and defeat chasten the mind
for the reception of truth. The courage, of vir
tue rises under the pressure of misfortune.—
The pure ore is produced from the hottest fur
nace, and the brightest thunderbolt is elicited
from the darkest storm. These are the conso
lations of the martyrs of liberty.
No, fellow-citizens, the responsibility to
which I allude lies in the obligation to con
demn the errors of friends and to extend chaHt.
to enemies, to speak frankly and fairly, not r
a partisan advocate, but as an independent fro
man--nothing extenuate nor set down auglAn
malice—to do impartial Justice between.on
tending parties, to reason calmly in orir to
convinee, and even to court mildness the
sake of peacC. I know not whethert ca n
conform to my own rule, for I conffil that
sometimes my passions are aroused, I be
hold our wronged and ravaged cp un fy—the\t
ruin impending over her—the pnnikaberedt
cold and bloody corpses of her slaughtered
children—an enormous public debt---burthens
of taxation too ,grievous to be borne—the no
:lrturarnonor - surtreu—tne MUM= Or liberty
sharpening their daggers for the fatal stab.
The country groans under the vilest wrongs
which tyranny, in its worst frenzy, can inflict.
Desolation and destruction have become so fa
miliar, by perpetual repetition, that they no
longer strike the soul with horror. The ago
nizing accents of despair are often heard above
the clash of arms, and the loud denunciations
of hostile parties, convulsed, maddened, by in
testine strife. Surely Pennsylvania should not
suffer herself to be dragged into this vortex of
most perilous confusion. Now, as in past
times, she should stand constant to her con
servative character—firm as her awn moun
tains—unmoved by the tempest that howls
around her—resolved to defend the cause of
constitutional freedom and national union,
against all assaults, from every quarter. Our
State occupies a peculiar position, andjf we
ever consent to dissolution of the Unlffn, of
inevitable and extreme peril. The States
north and east of us are protected by her geo
graphical interposition between them and the
South, while the Ohio river forms a natural
boundary for the Western States, easily defen
ded. But the line between Virginia and Penn
sylvania is artificial and imaginary. Recog
nize the Southern Confederacy to-morrow, and
the next day will begin a border war, of which
you, Pennsylvanians, must bear the brunt.
Virginia slaves will seek refuge on our soil—
they will be pursued and recaptured—our peo
ple will resist this outrage on the rights of a
government, foreign to and independent of the
Confederacy—conflicts will ensue, daily more
numerous and extensive—the militia will be
called out on both sides—peace elsewhere will
be at the price of r t erpetual War for Pennsyl
vania. Look to your tariff too. I waive the
disputed question of protection; but for reve
nue, some sort of duty upon imports is abso
lutely necessary. Lay direct taxes to pay the
interest of the public debt, and they cannot
and will not be collected. Acknowledge the
Confederacy, and the tariff laws are, in effect,
repealed, and the mercantile marine is de
stroyed. Smuggling cannot be prevented along
a line of thousands of miles. Ships will not
enter the harbors . of New York, Philadelphia
and Boston, to pay enormous duties on their
cargoes, when they can enter those of Norfolk,
Charleston and New Orleans, without any such
exaction. So, too, in regard to the Missieein-,
pi, in which western Pennsylvania, and all who
live between the Alleghenies and the Rocky
Mountains, have a peculiar and vital interest.
Surrender the Mississippi, and you, in effect,
dam up all the streams which find their way
to the Gulf of Mexico through the channel of
that river. Make what treaties you please,
they cannot prevent half a dozen men with one
cannon, from arresting, at their pleasure, any
vessel which may attempt to navigate a stream
running more than a thousand miles, through
territory inhabited by an exasperated and Im
pulsive people. These streams, hundreds in
number, and hundreds of thousands of miles
in aggregate length, the •great natural high
ways of a vast empire, are the gifts of God for
the promotion of human intercourse, of civili
zation, of unity—man dare not surrender
them—human hands have no right to rupture
the beneficent bonds by which Providence has
bound together all the people of the valley of
the Mississippi.
In the face of theses erious considerations, I
ask you, Pennsylvanians, whether you can
ever consent to separation from your sister
States ; and I beg also to ask you another
question, more thought of than talked of, in
such event, where are we to go to ? Pennsylva
nia, in coming into the Federal Union, agreed
to a government which included all the States,
both North and South. The withdrawal of
either, seems to be the destruction of the Union
for every State which formed part of it; for
the contract of the Constitution embraces the
whole. If the Almighty should, for our mani
fold sins, curse us with this calamity, it will
be for the people of Pennsylvania to determine
what shall be their new position. *They have
the right to judge for themselves, and they have
the pa , to defend themselves. Here nature
has lilted, with generous profusion, her
riehesifts, concentrating, in high degree,
every roe of individual prosperity and na
tional
' lth. Here is an Empire, complete
within elf, self-sustaining, independent; a
count ually adapted for agriculture, man
ufact and commerce, abounding in min
eral t res ; a climate neither warm enough
tci en e, nor so, cold as to prevent all culti-
No ted to a temperate region ; command
ig al the communications of the Atlantic
ed t Mississippi, inhabited by patriotic,
ilus s, and virtuous citizens. The great
Jar! such a people spontaneously rejects
bid f the surrender of the blood-bought
Pita of liberty and Union which their
Ozer equeathed to- them, and which they
t bo d by the most sacred duty to transmit
imp ed to posterity.
'eUf-citizens, I deny the right of secession
• de* that the Constitution of the United
ites eserves the right to each State to with
us, fi m the Union at any time, on its own
ie w tion. On the contrary, I hold that the
lera#3l-overninent, though of limited powers,
t
;leg mate government for the purposes of
.area
ion, perfect in all its parts, Executive,
isla Ivo and Judicial, self-sustaining, bade
. lent—making, construing and executing its
laws, by virtue of its own inherent force.
eason revolts from the idea of political
,ide—of a contract to bind nobody—of an
3ement for disagreenient—of a union for
,
onion.
this question was anticipated and deter
ed by the unanimous action of the Con
don that framed the Constitution, General
3hington, the President of that body, hay
by their authority declared in 'his official
or to Congress submitting the Constitution:
is obviously impracticable in the Federal
ernment of these States to secure all rights
independent sovereignty to eaoh and yet Fre
e for the interest and safety of all. Indi
eels entering into society must give up a
: lion of liberty to preserve the rest. * *
s at all times difficult to draw with precision
line .between those rights that must be sue
! dered and those which must
_be reserved.
* * In all our deliberations upon this
I jeet t we kept steadily in our view that which
..)ears to us the . greatest interest to every
,e American, the consolidation of our Union,
which is involved our prosperity, felicity,
:ety, and perhaps, our national existence."
ut the question now presented by the atti
le of the secedinrStates is one not subject
the tests of the technical lawyer, or the re
le.
Itil of abstract philosophical speculation, or
*A of historical authority. 1
Wibtand in a momentous time, in the pre
!senebf appalling Peers. Are we equal to
the itne and its duties—can we comprehend
thes(faots and their consequences ? If we are
not-If we cannot—the death-knell of the Re
pubic is already rung—the great experiment
has *iled—the demonstration is complete that I
mans incapable of self-government--despo- •
tieurhas forever triumphed over liberty.
Denying the doctrine of secession, I admit
the right of revolution. It is a right reserved
by every people in every government ; without
It, tyranny would be eternal. Its exercise is
the sole judgment of those who assert it.
lis vindication is in the result of war. But
it. lir ouiy - to - Du irsai to • - tlits - i nn -
as Mr. Jefferson well said, when tyranny
omen overwhelming, not for light and tran
t causes, and only when all other means of
ess have failed. It is the desperate and
ilf e
t y remedy for a c cumulated, intolerable and
h less wrongs. Its declaration of war is in
tlithunder tones of a people united by the ex
tepl pressure of a crushing oppression, and
need to resistance by the extremity of a
comon suffering.
is not on this ground, however, that the
Cdtederaoy rests its case, though in fact both
dal, by appealing to organized military force,
soi placed themselves, substantially, in this
attade—revolution on the one side and coer
cloion the other.
4d now, my friends, we come to the all im
penult question, what is to be done ? I pass
byte causes which led to the conflict. Nei
th
it
side is responsible for the extremes of
m c e and madness into which unreasoning
fa tics on both sides often went, except so far
as eynay have adopted the cruel counsels
of thee) infatuated and furious wretches, of
whom
m il
e antagonistic types are to be found
in SU er and Yancey. I repeat the question,
what i o be done ?
Recolnition and just application of the fa
miliar eaxiin in " Union there is strength,"
will aniwer 'this question. The South is now
sabstai ally united, the North divided. It
fi
was n so in the beginning of the present con
test/ lien loyalty prevailed in the hearts of
the a
ajority of the people of - nearly all the
So hero States, and' the base leaders of the
eviesion movement were compelled to resort
to t 1 ce and fraud, in violation of the wishes
of ir
e people, to take them out of the Union, to •
whipe illg, hallowed by a thousand sacred me
moles, they were ready to rush with rapture,
at the wheat practicable moment; while in
the; No-th, party was forgotten in the unani
mous eagerness of all men to sustain the gov
ernmeit in, what were asserted and believed
to be,its legitimate objects. No need then for
militia draft or ruthless conscription. The
ranfs of volunteer regiments were crowded,
Mile with Democrats and Republicans, whose
patty predelictions were forgotten in all sh
aming patriotism—he only was unhappy who
wet excluded from the army—the government
win embarrassed by the multitudes who sought
to serve in the field. All this is changed, and
whP ? Because the administration has aban
doted its original position, because the Execu
tive and Congress have proved recreant to the
pritciples which they professed, because the
objOts of the war have utterly changed. When
MriLinceln was inaugurated President he de
clared, under the solemn sanction of the consti
tutbnal oath of office which he had just taken,
thi. he had no design, desire or-power to in
terfere with slavery, or to invade, in any man
ner, the rights of States or people. Soon
afterwards appeared Mr. Seward's diplomatic
cirAular, strengthening and expanding the
Prident's declaration. A few months later
C0 1 7 ,g
ress, by nearly unanimous resolution, fol
io ed in the same course, and solemnly an
nounced that the object of the war was only to
seem the supremacy, everywhere, of the
Constitution and the laws. Such being the
avowed and legitimate purposes of the govern
ment, it received the united support of all the
people of all the loyal States, and a vast and
powerful body in the South.
This platform thus erected by Republicans
vitte one on which Democrats, both North and
South, could stand and did stand, because it
was the platform of the Constitution. So soon
as the administration had succeeded, by these
false pretexts, in seducing into the ranks of
the army several hundred thousand Demo
crats, and felt themselves strong enough to
defy the source of all power, they commenced
a systematic course of treason and perjury by
repeated and avowed violations of the Consti
tution and of their oaths to support, uphold and
defend it. In this horrid exigency the duty of
the Democracy was plain, and was performed.
The liberty of the citizen is the life of the
State. They set themselves to vindicate the
violated Constitution. They accepted the gage
of battle thrown down by its enemies, the Fed
eral administration. This war of rulers against
people, of servants against masters, is now
being waged with a reckless and savage fe
rocity which violates law, defies justice, denies
truth, and tramples upon right. The govern
ment, thus far, has succeeded only in dividing
the North and uniting the South, in slaughter
ing hecatombs of victims, in creating an enor
mous national debt, in imposing burthens of
taxation too grievous to be borne, in gorging
the maws of rapacious plunderers, and in ma
king the very name of Republic a by word and
disgrace throughout the world. Proof of these
facts is needless, inasmuch as they are often
admitted. No candid and intelligent Republi
can will deny that Mr. Seward's proclamation
of the irrepressible conflict, eagerly adopted
by the mass of his party, alienated one portion
of the Union from the other, by organizing
vast political body, based on a geographical
line, hostile to one half of the Union, and
pledged to the destruction of their State insti
tutions—that to give effect to this pledge, they
placed their wicked and visionary scheme above
the Constitution and the Union, and refused
all propositions of adjustment and pacification
offered and urged by patriots, North and South.
Progressing to the ?radical application of
these theories, they beseiged the President,
until, worn out by ceaseless importunity, he
surrendered principles which he had publicly"
professed ; abdicating his constitutional power
to become the passive instrument of a vast
Abolition society. The result was soon found
in the Abolition proclamation, in the suspension
of the habeas corpus, in arrests without accu
sation, proof, hearing or warrant, in confisca
tion of property without notice or trial, in the
conscription, which laid every State and every
citizen prostrate at the feet of a single man.
The excuse for all this is an alleged neces
sity, judged of only by those who make the
plea. The arraigned criminals pretend to jus
tify themselves by their own judgments, defy.
ing the impartial verdict of the people now, and
the historic sentence of condemnation in the
future. Let me address you, my Republican
friends, who have honored us by your presence
to-night, and in whom we recognize intelli
gence, integrity and patriotism—do yon not
tolerate all these excesses because you think
that exigency of national peril gives the go
vernment a right to disregard the organic law ?
Now let me appeal to your candor. Does not
the history of all usurpation prove that it is in
times oT public peril that the government, re
gardless of law, absorbs all the power of the
nation, giving, as justification for their crimes,
this very peril. From Near to Napoleon thls
has been the usurper's argument. A facile
man, like Mr. Lincoln, yielding to bad advice,
may unintentionally produce monstrous disas
ter, the irreparable ruin of his country, as well
as a successful soldier, whose genius enables
him to see beforehand the fatal consequences
of his conduct. Imbecility is no excuse for
guilt. Liberty consists in the equality of all
citizens before the law. The President is as
subject to law as any other citizen. How can
we wage a war for the re-establishment of the
ascendency of the Constitution in every State,
if the government is systematically violating
it ? The Constitution le our right, our property
—purchased by the blood of our forefathers.
If-Mr.. -Lincoln pohnonef line alit. even for
an hour, he may be impeached, tried and con
victed. Let Felix tremble. He will yet find that
justice does not sleep forever. How monstrous
is the miserable pretext of defending the Con
stitution by , destroying it !
The general government is not an original
sovereignty, but the creature of the Constitu
tion by which the people of the States dele
gated to it a portion of the perfect political
power which they possessed. That instrument,
therefore, is a grant, and necessarily limited by
its terms. Thitt, which is therein found, and
that alone, co stitutes the power which the
Federal Government may lawfully exercise.—
That which is not therein found is reserved to
the grantors. One of its own clauses expressly
declares, that all the powers not therein grant
ed, are reserved to the States respectively, or
to the people. The best commentary on the
Constitution is the Constitution itself. It fol
lows, therefore, inevitably, that inasmuch as
in the carefully elaborated declaration of the
powers of the President, there is no authority
for any of the acts to which I have referred,_
but, on the contrary, by an express prohibi
tion, in that clause of the Constitution which
provides that all the powers not therein grant
ed, are reserved to the States or people, all
those acts are null and void. They are not
the legitimate acts of the President of the Uni
ted States, but the usurpations of Abraham
Lincoln and his advisers. Even unconstitu
tional acts, however, which have the form of
law, should not be resisted by force, but by
appeal to judicial tribunals, or by the exercise,
in extreme cases, of the personal right of self
defence.
Besides ' this plea of necessity rests wholly
on the fact that we are at war. During the
war with England, all New England was an
organized conspiracy against the government.
Their Puritan pulpits were converted into po
litical batteries, from which the Republic was
attacked ; they held conventions in which they
declared the war to be cruel, bloody and un
just; they obstructed naval and military oper
ations ; they gave aid and comfort to the enemy.
In the face of all this, not a single arbitrary
arrest was made. Then no man dreamed that
the Constitution was binding only in times of
peace. That bold fallacy was invented by the
sons of the English sympathizers of 1812.
Why, if the Constitution is suspended during
the war, so also is the President, Congress,
and the Courts, for they all live, move, and
have their being, only by and under the Con
stitution.
During the war with England, dames Madi
son, justly called "the father of the Constitu
tion," was President. I have shown that his
conduct was the reverse of that now pursued.
Let me call your attention .to the language
which he used in the resolutions written by
him, and adopted by the Legislature of Vir
ginia ;
"This Assembly doth explicitly and peremp
torily declare, That it views the powers of the
Federal government, as resulting from the
compact, to which the States are parties, as
limited by .the plain sense and intention of the
instrument constituting that compact, as no
farther valid than they are authorized by the
grants enumerated in that compact."
So also the author of the Declaration of
Independence said ;
" Whensoever the general government as
sumes undelegated powers, its acts are unau
thorative, void, and of no force•; that to this
compact eac h State acceded as "a State, and is
an integral party; that this. government, cre
ated by , this compact, was not made the exclu
sive or final judge of the extent of the powers
delegated to. itself ; since that would have
made its discretion, and not the Constitution.
the measure .of its powers; but, that as in all
other oases of compact, among parties have no
common judge, each party has an equal .right to
judge for itself, as well of infractions as of the mode
and measure of redress."
The adminiktration, discarding the doctrines
of our fathers, and diaregardingithe Constitu
tion, seek to dazzle our eyes and our judg-
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ments, by the meretricious glare of a Magnifi
cent consolidated Empire, to be raised on the
ruins of the Constitution. Far more true
honor would be awarded to the President, both
now and hereafter, if he kept his oath and did
his duty, and are we not to say so ? Even
during the despotism of Louis XIV, the Chan
cellor D'Agnessean boldly said to the Monarch,
"Respect the empire of the law. Kings, the
noblest images of Divinity, are never greater
than when they submit all their greatneas to
justice, and unite to the title of masters of the
world, that of slaves of the law." Undoubtedly,
despotism is mare splendid than Democracy;
but the people prefer happiness to glory, free
dom to oppression, and the rights of man to
the will of tyrants. Therefore, it is that at
the polls, in their public meetings, in their
newspapers and in social conversation, they
defend themselves by denouncing the errors of
the administration, and this is falsely called
opposing the government_ The g overnment—
what is the government ? It is constitutional,
political organization, of which we are the
defenders. It is not the administration nor
the men who compose it. Nay. to the extent
to which the administration violates the Con
stitution, which creates the government, it is
the enemy of the government. Mr. Seward
well said in his ;etter last November to Mr.
Adams, our Minister to England :
"In this country, especially, it is a habit
not only entirely consistent with the constitution,
but even essential to its stability, to regard the
administration at any time existing as distinct
and separate from the government itself, and
to canvass the proceedings of the one without
a thought of disloyalty to the other."
The source of all our perils is the discord
which necessarily results from the dangerous
doctrines and the illegal acts of the adminis
tration. If they sincerely desire the suppres
sion of the rebellion, let them reunite the bonds
which they have ruptured, let them reinaugu
rate the reign of concord by withdrawing their
illegal proclamations, by repealing their un
constitutional laws, by respecting the rights of
the States, and ceasing to assail the liberties
of the people. Suppose even we are wrong
in these views, they are those of millions of
'voters, they are the declared sentiments of sov
ereign States, they are entitled to considera
tion and respect; adopt them, and the country
will be saved; defy them, and the present con
flict will be indefinitely procrastinated. Let
calm consideration take the place of partisan
passion.
We are all brethren by whatever name we
are called, and we have like interests in our
common country. Let us be right and do right,
and we may be confident against the world in
arms. Undoubtedly peace is to be desired, but
to obtain peace war must be vigorously prose
cuted, and every constitutional means•of coer
cion used against those who are, at once, our
enemies and our brothers. No thought mint
be, for a moment, entertained of consenting to
a separation, for to restore and preserve the
Union, is a sacred duty, which we ewe not
only to ourselves, but to the memory of our
fathers, and the rights of our children. Let
us continue to refute, by our acts, as we have
hitherto done, always and everywhere, the base
and baseless slander, that the Democracy IS in
any way or degree tainted with disloyalty.—
We have the power—let us use it. Let us all
unite, party distinctions forgotten in devotion
to legitimate government, as organized, de
fined and limited by the Constitution, and we
cannot fail. Our troops, no mercenary hordes
of semi-barbarians driven to the ranks by de
spotic power, but citizen soldiers, inspired by
patriotism, to defend with their lives, the Union
and liberty of the country—a body of inde
pendent and intelligent freemen, such as was
never before assembled under a common ban
ner, have exhibited devotion, solemn and sac
rificial. Never, in the annals of war, has shone
more resplendent glory the heroic gallantry of
citizens, become soldiers, only to save their
country. Fortitude, patience, constancy, the
highest and rarest military virtues, ennobled
and sustained the prolonged and agonized
offering of their mortal and immortal natures,
which they laid on the altar of their country.
Their sublime self-sacrifice demands that
country's gratitude. Notwithstanding all the
neglect and incompetency by which they have
been weakened and obstructed, they have
steadily progressed; and, at this moment, hold
the most important strategic positions. Let
the government strengthen and assure them,
by wilting the North .on the basis of the Con
stitution, and they will speedily vindicate the
sacred cause which has called them to the
field.
The high and sacred mission of the Demo
cratic party, united with the true men of all
parties, is to make peace with the South—to
restore the ascendency of the Constitution,
everywhere—to assure the equality of the
States, and to vindicate the rights of man.
You must never forget that Pennsylvania
was first among the States that formed and
ratified the Constitution of the Union, and has
always been its inflexible defender against all
opponents and every attack. You will not
sully the emblazoned pages in which the world
reads of your patriots, and reverences their
patriotism, but you will cherish these sacred
memories, and emulate these heroes of peace
and war—you will vindicate your birthright
by proving that you are worthy of it.
Product of patriotic effort, fruit of toils and
dangers, reward of wisdom and valor, pur
chased by suffering and blood, crown. of the
revolutionary contest, is the Constitution of
the United States. Its construction was a
labor of love ; let it be again and perpetually
renovated by the political affection of this great
national family.
It formed the Union and is its sole security.
The Union, blessed mother of all her children ;
bountiful source of the greatness and glory of
the Republic; shield of security ; assurance of
prosperity; concentrated wisdom of its immor
tal authors;, proof of their patriotism; lesson
for all nations and ages; the happy expedient
by which freedom of domestic government is
connected with power in foreign affair's, each
ample; neither impaired ; consoling evidence
that there is in the human soul a divinely in
spired spirit of concord stronger than arms,
capable of political...combinations for erecting
a government more powerful than despotism ;
commended to our affections by the tenderest
recollections of the past; mingled with our
dearest hopes for the future ; the sacred legacy
of our ancestors, which we are bound, in faith
and honor, to transmit unimpaired to our pos
terity; hope of the whole world; light of lib
erty, committed to our care, that its rays,
streaming across oceans and continents, may
beam the radiant glory of equality ; the sun in
the political firmament, warming, vivifying and
fructifying the seed of freedom everywhere, so
that all people may find final repose under the
protecting branches of the tree of liberty.
Not for ourselves alone, but for our race—
not for the present only, but for all time, the
great question is now to be solved of the pos
sibility of sustaining government by moral
means—of the fitness of man for freedom.- 1
.Dissolve the Union, and Democratic liberty is
dead—discord rules until despotism succeeds.
God preserve our beloved country from either
evil—from the cruel arms of conflicting pew
ere, strong in hatred, but too feeble for effect
ive defence, or from the cold silence of subjec.