RATES OF ADYERTISING•
Pour lines or leer constitute half a square. Ten lines,
or more than four, constitute a square.
Half sq., one $O3O One eq., one day,.....„ g 0 hp
" °Pewees.... 120 one week—. 200
one month.. 300 ss one month,. 6CO
t‘ threenionths SOD " three monthslo 00
" six swaths— 800 " six muslin.. 16 00
" 0neyear......02 00 " one year 20 00
Businass notices inserted in the LOCAL comer,
Or before marriages and deaths, TIER CZNTS PDX LING' for
each inse
rtion. , ra merchants and others advertising
'by the year, liberal terms will be offered.
la" The number of insertions must be designated 01
the advertisement.
Er m ar riages and Deaths willbe inserted at the same
rates as regular advertisements.
Alistellancous.
PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
War Claims and Claims for Indemnity.
STEWART, STEVENS, CLAMS & CO.,
Attorneys and Counsellors-at-Law, and Solicitors
for aU kinds of Military Claims,
460 PENNbrioVANIA AVENUE,
WASHINGTON, D. C.
This firm, having a thorough knowledge of the Pen
-sion Business, and being familiar with the practice in
GB the Departments of Government, believe that they
min afford greater facilities to Pension, Bounty, and
other Claimants, for the prompt and successful seeolal
plishiblint of business entrusted to them, than any other
Arm in Washington. They desire to secure such an
-amount of this business as will enable them to execute
the business for each claimant very c heaply, and on the
beide of their pay contingent upon their success is each
ease. For this purpose they will severe the services of
Law Pines in each prominent locality throughout the
States where such business may be had, furnish such
with an the necessary blank forms of application and
evidence, requisite printed pamphlet instructions, and
circulars for distribation in their vicinity, with assn-'
elates names inserted, and upon the due execution of
.the papers and transmisaion of the name to them by
their local _associates, they will promptly perform the
business here.
uj- Their charges will be tea dollars for officers and
ee dollars for privates, for each Pension or Bounty and
'Rack Pay obtained, and ten per cent, on amount of
Claims for /Ifigitarsr Supplies or Claims for ludernnity.
irr Soldiers enlisted since the let of March, 1801,112
any kind of service, Military or Naval, who are disabled
-by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions. All
soldiers who serve for two years, or during the war,
should it sooner close, will be entitled to $lOO Bounty.
Widows of soldiers who die or are killed, are entitled to
Pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow,
'then the minor children. And if no minor children,
then the father, mother, sisters or brothers are enti
ied as above to the $lOO Bounty and Back Pay.
JOSEPH B. STEWART,
IiBSTOR L. STEVENS,
BMW &RD CLAES,
OSCAR A. STEVENS,
WILLIS B. GAYLORD.
Iffessilurron, D. C., 1884.
Apply at our office, or to our Associate at
HABRISEMIG, P.c.-4011N A. BIGLER. Attorney and
`Counsellor.
Pier-sumo, PA.—ARTHUBS & faDbliLL, Attor
stosys-st-Lsar.
Porrsirria.s, Pi.—WM. E. SMITH, Attorney and
Counsellor.
Pamensi.ratA, PA.—J. G. HINNICHILD, 46 Alwobd
street, WM. M. SMITH, Attorney and Counsellor.
Wssamaross PA,-.BOYD OBiIIiTAINOR., Attorney
and Counsellor.
JOT-41y
•
JACKSON & CO.'S
SHOE -STORE,
NQ. geN MARICZT EITII,IIT,
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Where they Mend to delote their entire time to the
canafloture of
BOOTS AN - D SHOES
all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and mod fish.
Actable styles, and at satisfactory prices.
Their 'dock will consist, in part, of Gearienses , 2 .truss
gulf and Duna Leather Dods aid Sims, Went styles;
Ladies' aid Misses' Gaiters, and Aker/Alums in great
variety; and in fact everything connected with the
Shoe 'business.
L'ITSTOMEA WO.R.K will be particularly attended to,
and in all cases will i satiafiction De warranted. .Lasts
fitted up by ons of the best makers in the country.
The long practical experience of the undersigned, and
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
trust, be sufficient guarantee to the piddle that they
will do them justice, and furnish them an article Um
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dura.
bility. - [jantl] JACKSON tre- CO. •
IArUEINGEWS PATENT BEEF TEA,
a *solid, concentrated extract of
BEEF AND VEGETABLES, .
Convertible immediately into a nourishing and deli
cious soup. Highly approved by a sander of eminent
Physicians.
This admirable article condensed into a compaertform,
all the substantial and nutritive properties of a large
bulk of meat and vegetables. The readiness with which
it dissolves into a rich and palatable Soup, which would
require hours of prepara tion according to the usual
method z is an advantage in many situations of life, too
obvious to need urging_ Its highly nourishing qualities
combined with its delicacy, renders it invaluable for the
sick; while for those in health, it is a perfect substitute
for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keep good in any
elimate.
It is peculiarly well adapted FOR TRAVELICItS,.by
land or sea, who eau thus avoid those accldentaldepriva
Lions of a comfortable meal, to which they are so liable.
FOR INVALIDS, whohe capricious appetite can thus
hi satisfied in a moment.
FOR SPORTSMEN and EXCURSIONISTS. to whom,
bath its casspaetaais and easy preparation will recom
mend it. Nor sale by
asp244lr
CHA:I4tER OAK
FAMILY FLOUR!
UNEXCELLED BY ANY IN THE II STATES !
AND SUPERIOR TO ANY
rt. MC 31:, 113
9FFERED IN PENNSYLVANIA!
IT IR MADE OF
MICE MISSOURI WHITE WHEAT.
1.17" Delivered anyplace in the city free of charge
Tents cask on delivery.
WEI. DOCK, la., de. CO.
QOLDIER'S CAMP COMPANION.-
Ai A very conrenient Writing Desk; also, Portfolios,
Xataorandunz Books, Portmonnaler, &a., at •
SOHEBTXR'S BOOKSTOBIII
ansE!!-- - 100 Boxes Prime Cheese
consignment) for sale at leas than market rate.
J7lO WM. DOCK, Js., & CO
XTOTIONS.--Quite a variety of useful
INmd, entertaining artielen—eheap—at
SCERIPIT.RIS IROOXSTOILI.
NIVANTED.—A GOOD 00011 at the
BOXGAILDNER HOTEL. Apply itaxnedist
CLARET WINE I I I—We are closing oat
vv a MY MIRIOR LOT as leas thas eolt
WM. DOCK .Ts CO.
1 1DRIME POTATOES !-A LARGE LOT
1 Pa receirod asal for sale low.
Oet2l-dtf WM. DOOR, Ji., & GO_
I CE NEAT!—Very superior, jIISt
received and for sale by WM. DOCK, jr., & CO.
VONDENSND MlLK'—Just nceived
NJ and for sale by WM. DO QC jr., &
WRmETICALLY SEALED
Peaches, Tomatoes, Lobster, Salmon, Oyrtera,
Spiced Oysters, for sale by WM. DOCK, jr., & CO.
SMOKED HALIBUT I —A very choice
Artialt, just received anti for Bole by
WM. DOCK, jr., & 00.
rEENOII MUSTARD, ENGLISH and
Kourbele Pickles, (by the dozen Or inindred,) en
seder !Sad - Oil, Ketchup, Blame and condiments of
*Very description, for wile by
ray2s WM. DOCK, Jo., & Co.
LAXE TROUT ! !—A email invoice of
Luca 1 111017 T, (Msakiumf 1) tviowned, and the
quality "A n 0.1,” Ina resoived and for aale very low
by WM. DOCK, Ja., & CO
WARI WAR !,-BRADY, No. 62
Market street, below Third, has received alarge
aanortosent of SwoonB, SLUM and Alias, which b
will Bell Tory low. &nO-litt
QEL# SEALING FRUIT 'JARS
V.) Beet and Cheeped in the inetkete Call end
examine them.
t'OR RENT—Two desirable OFFICE
ROOMS, second story front of wystkrs Balding
some? of . Market brume and Market street. Apply*,
kis *See septidal
MACKEREL!!!
MACKBRICII, Nos. 1, 2 and $, in all sized ;mamas
ow, int seek pi kar' warranfe4. Just received, awl
nr wile low by WM- DOM, d o-
WM. DOCK. U., & Co
WM. DOCK, Js., & CO
-,. - • -S' 0 . , . _ • - .
---
_ -
0 •
• .- ..---4 , 1 • - -- -,___,__l 1-_--._p ~---f.---,_ -- 5 . - .
. • •____;s_ ',. 7:i @ d- "Ni . T. _ --.---- •
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---"---'73 ' . I.•
I zit . .
.
''.lif ~-, . II ''• : i 1 .
*
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.• •
pa ttot
VOL. 6 -NO. 166
Etsiwee darbs.
CHARLES F. VOLLMER,
UPHOLSTERER,
Chestnut street, four doors above Stand,
(OPPOBITI WAOHINGTOS HOU Hones.)
le prepared to furnish to order, in the very best stybeot
workmanship, Spring and Hair Mattresses, Window Cur
tains, Lounges, and all other articles of Furniture in his
on short notice end moderate terms. Raving ex
perience in the Weinman, be feels warranted in Joking*
share of public patronage, confident of hie ability to give
satisfaction. janl74tf
SILAS WARD.
O. 11, NORTH THIRD ST., HARRIBRURCI.
STEINWAY'S PIANOS,
HSLOURONS; VIOLINS, GUITARS,
Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Drums, &Gorden.,
1311UNG8, SHINN AND 1001 MIINICI, &0., &a.,
PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES. ALBUMS,
Large Pier and Mantle Mirrors, Square and Oval Prunes
of every description made to order. Regnilding done.
Agency for Howes Sewing Mnehines...':
117 -. Sheet Music sent by Mail. oetl-I
JOHN W. GLOVER, •
MERCHANT TAILOR!
Has just received from New, York, an assort
ment of
SEASONABLE GOODS,
which he offers to his customers end the public et
nov22) MODERATE PRICES. dtf
T HOB. C. ILkoDOWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW;
MILITARY CLAIMiAND /WENT AGENT.
Office in Burke's Rowi Third /tract, ( Up Mart.)
Having formed a connection witkkiarties in Wash
ington City, who are reliable bueine men, any busi
ness connected with any of the Depar meats will meet
with immediate and careful attention. - me-y
SMITH & WING,
ATTORNEY3-AT-LAW,
THIRD STREET, Harrisburg,
Practice in the eeveral Courts of Dauphin county. Col
lectione tall4/4 prditptly. A. O. SMITH,
feb2S 3. B. SWING.
jCOOK, Merchant Tailor,
a 27 CHESNUT ST., between Second and Front,
Has just returned from the city with an assortment of
CLOTHS, QABSIMBRES AND V.A'STINGS,
Which will be sold at moderate prices and made up to
order; and, also, an assortment of BEADY MADE
Clothing and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods.
oov2l-Ird
D ENTISTRY.
B. N. GRUA, B. LIS.,
N 0 . 119 M.A_RX.ET SiREET,
11 , ft fit
EBY & IfLUNKEIVB BUILDING, UP STAIRS.
janB4f
RELI4I.OIIS BOOK STORE
TRACT AND !SUNDAY SCHOOL DEPOSITORY,
E. S. GERMAN,
IT 11017TH LIZOOND STREW, ABOVII CHBSNUT,
NAARIBBIIRO, PA.
Depot foribe Dale of Stereoteopes 7 Rtaremeopielfiewe,
Kuala and Musical Instruments. • Also, 'subscriptions
taken for religious publications. noab-d)
M. H. MILLER
W '
ATTORNEY - AT LAW S
011101 IN
SHOEMAKER'S. BVILDINGE
SECOND STREET,
DITWINN WALNUT AND. MAREDI txtriam,
no2Bl Nearly opposite the Buehler House. rd&wl_v
DR. 0., WEIOHEL,
,SURGEON AND OCULIST,
RDSIDENCR THIRD NEAR NORTH 13TILDRT. •
He is now fully prepared to attend promptly to the
duties •f profession in all its branches.
A WOW AND VERT 51100111311.511 L MBDIOAL 11XPZ3IIMON
justiles him in promising full and ample satisfaction to
all who mayluvor himitith a call, be the disease Ohronie
or any other nature. mlB-dBcwly
SOHN G. W. MARTIN,
FASHIONABLE ,
CARD WRITER,
HERR'S HOTEL . , HARRISBURG, PA.
An manner of VISITING, WEDDING AND EMI.
NESS CARDS execrated in the moat artistic styles and
most reasonable terms. diol4-411
FRANKLIN ROUSE ;
11 BALTIMORE, MD.
This pleasant and commodious Rotel. has been the
roughly re ratted and re-furnishni. It is pleasantly
situated on North-West corner of Howard and. lranklln
streets, a few doors west of the Northern Central Rail
way Depot. livery attention paid tithe comfort of kis
guests. H. LNIONNRING, Proprietor,
jeil•Af, (Late of Celina Grove. Pa.)
THEO. F. BOHEFFER,
BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER,
NO. 18 MARKET STREET, HARRISBURG.
irr Particular attention paid to printing, ruling and
binding of Railroad Blanks, Manifests., Insurance Poli
cies, Checks, Bill-Reads, &c.
Wedding, Visiting and Business Cards printed at very
low prices and in the best style; jinn
DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
suirop...ertnui
CARBOYS, DEMIJOHNS,.
WINE, PORTRR„ MINERAL WATER, PIOILLI AND
PARSERVE BOTTLES
O! array nosarlirios.
U. B. & G. W. BENNARII
onihdly 2T Soottilfront eterat, Philadelphia.
MUSIC STORE!
NO. 98 INANKNP BTRNET, HARRISBURG, PA.
BREBT MUSIC, PIANOS,
MBLODBONS, GUITARS,
VIOLINS, BANJO STRINGS,
Of every description.
DRUMS, IMES, AOOONDNONB, eta. at
the lowest CITY PAWNS, at .
W. N.NOONWB IftB3lo PTO3BII,
No. 98 Itassirr Swum
A BOOK FOR THE TIMES 1
American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events for the Year 1861. In 1 roof.
8 vo. over 750 pages. Cloth 08, Leather $8.50.
Published by D. Appleton 4 Co., New York.
The design of this work is to furnish a record of ell
the important knowledge of the year. The events of
tho war, owing to their prominence, will ot course, es
eapy a conspicuous part, but all other branches—gel.
ence, Art, Literature, the Mechanic Arts, &c., will re.
calve due attention. The work will be published ex
clusively by subscription, and ready for delivery in hum
next. • ,
Also, new complete
Boostoses Debates of Congrass,l6 edema, $3 end 13.18
per volume,
Benton's Thirty Years is U. S. Senate, 2 rohnnes, 112.60
and $3 per
cyclopedia of Americas Eloynenes, emetaining the
speeches silks most eminent Orators of America, LI
steer portraits, .2 vols. .SC6O each.
Partonis We and Times of Andrew .Tackson,3 volumes,
$ Ad 2.5O each.
- dress I. P. STRASDATTGIT, Harriebmig, Pa.
General Agent for D. APPLZTOM & CO.
For Circulars descriptive of Annual Cyclopedia.
spril3-thiratf. •
WSEET CIDER !—A very superior lot
justreceived and for sale by WM. DOCK,jr., &Co.
POTATOES. -.300 BUSHELS OF A:
superior quality just received and for sale low, by
WM. DOCK, Ja., & Co.
TIMED PE A.CHES--VABED AND
lINPAISED—Iuat receivilrditypons I LI 4 CO.
HARRISBURG, PA., SATURDAY. MARCH 14, 1863.
Cht ;Itatriut tti
SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 14 1863.
EXECUTIVE USURPATIONS.
SPEECH
HON. JOHN D. STILES,
OF PENNSYLVANIA,
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
February 18, 1863.
Mr. Sreexiii:: . At this late day in the ses
sion it requires all the impulse of duty to
overcome my determination to allow the de
bate to close without mingling in this discus
-sion:."Nor can I venture to detain you at any
Agnith a t fter the brilliant effort you have just
ligineeded by my friend from Maryland [Mr.
May] in opposition to the bill - now before the
House. Rut, sir, in the discussion, which has
Main a very wide range, the pro Visions of this
monstrous proposition and its fallacies have
been almost entirely overlooked. This bill
seeks to indemnify, sanction and protect exe
cutive tyranny and power. It strikes a deadly
blow at the rights of the people, and if adop
ted will be one of the most imperishable relies
of executive oppression. It admits in terms
the fact that unwarrantable power has been.
exercised by the administration, and seeks to
shield the usurpers by passing a law clearly
ex feat fists, and which, in any place where the
law is justly administered, can never receive
the approval of any court. It is without pre
cedent in this country, and is a fearful attempt
to subvert the rights and liberties of the peo
ple. It is a plain violation of our obligations
to those we represent, and if placed upon the
statute book will invite the obloquy and con
tempt of enlightened men in all time to come.
I can hardly believe it possible that such a
proposition can receive the sanction even of
this Congress. The powers of the Executive
are not enlarged by a state of war. The fra
mers of the Constitution had just passed
through the war of the Revolution, and'at its
close framed a Constitution 46 in order to form
a more perfect union, establish justice, insure
domestic tranquility, provide for the common
defense, promote the general welfare, and se-
cure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and
our posterity." There are no implied powers
in its provisions, and the rights of the Exneu
tire are clearly . defined. It is so plainly writ
ten that it has been understood by the corn
• monest mind, and all encroachments upon its,
clearly expressed provisions have always re
ceived the.condemnation of the people. We
are witnessing now the efforts to shield the
Executive from gross violations of the Consti
tution: Protected or not by legislation no
power can avert the,atorm that will sweep from
power the party that has abused the trust com
mitted to them by a deceived and confiding
people.
On the 22d of September, 1862 4 the President
of the United States issued a proclamation de
claring—
" That on the Ist day, of January, in the
year of our Lord 1863, all persons held as slaves
within any State or designated part of a State,
the people whereof shall then be in rebellion
against the United• States, shall be then, thence
forward, and forever free; and the executive
soopernmen of the• United Stites, including the
military and naval authority thereof, will re
cognize and maintain the freedom of such
persons, and will do no act or acts to repress
such persons. or any of them, in any effort& they
may make for their actual freedom."
Two days later he issued another proclama
tion, declaring—
" Whereas it has become necessary to call
into service not only volunteers, but also that
portion of the militia of the States be drafted,
in order to suppress the insurrection existing
in the United States and disloyal persons are
not adequately restrained, by 'the ordinary
processes of law, from hindering these men
sures, and from giving aid and comfort in vari
ous ways to the insurrection : Now therefore,
be it ordered,
" I. 4 rhat during the existing insurrection,
and as a necessary measure for suppressing the
same, all rebels and insurgents, their aiderle
and abettors, within the United States, and all
persons discouraging volunteer enlistments,
resisting milttia drafts, or guilty of any dis
loyal practice ' offording aid and comfort to the
rebels against the authority of the United
States, shall be subject to martial law, and lia
ble to trial and punishment by court-martial
or military commission.
"2. That the writ of habeaa corpus is sus
pended in respect to all persons arrested, or
who are now, or hereafter duriugthe rebellion
shall be, imprisoned in any fort, camp, arse
nal, military prison, or other place of confine
ment by any military authority, or by the sen
tence of any court-martial or military commis
sion."
The second was a corollary of the first, and
was intended to intimidate the people and
compel obedience and support to the decree
that the abolition of slavery was to be one of
the objects for which the present war was to
be prosecuted. Discussion of the merits and
utility of the first proclamation was to be pre
vented by the threatened enforcement of the
second. Following these executive decrees
was an order from the War Department estab
lishing a uniform system of provost marshals
throughout all the States, and martial law was
declared. We all know with what indignation
these executive usurpations were received
throughout the . Northern States ; what fol
lowed is a part of the country's history. News
papers were suppressed that dared to diger
with the Executive ; the mails were carefully
examined that no papers should be conveyed
unless they advocated the policy of this one
man power; public meetings were.interrupted
by exeited mobs, and hundreds of citizens were
forcibly taken from their homes to distant
forte, bastiles, and dungeons. All this was
done, too, in states where none of the courts
were interfered with, where the laws were
faithfully and honestly administered. This
was not all. The accused was arrested without
informatien, without the command of a magi
strate, without a bearing , without being in
formed of the "nature of the offense." No
day was ever fixed for his trial, and all com
munication with his friends denied. All these
things were done in violation of all the forms
known to the law. sir, the history of no gov
ernment, despotic or free, can furnish a paral
lel to these wanton, base, and wicked usurpa
tions. The people in vain insisted that these
proclamations were in violation of the Consti
tution, which declares that—
" The right of the people to be secured in
their persons, houses, papers, and effects
against unreasonable searches and seizures
shall not be t violated, and no warrant shall
iesue but upon probable cause, supported by
oath or affirmation, and particularly describing
the place be searched, and the persons and
things to be seized.
" Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion or prohibiting the
free exeroise"thereof, or abridging the freedom
of speech, or of the press, or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble and to petition
the, government for a redress of grievances."
O F
The fifth and sixth articles of the amend
ments to the Constitution further provide:
"Aim 5. No person shall be held to answer
fora capital or otherwise infamous crime,unlees
on a presentment or indictment of a grand
jury, except in cases arising in the land or na
val forces, or in the militia, when in actual
service. in time of war or public danger; nor
shall any person be subject for the same of
fense
s to be twice put in jeopardy of life or
limb ;' nor shall be; compelled in any criminal
case to be a witness against himself, nor be de
prived of life.liberty or property without due
process of We; nor shall 'private property be
taken for publiis use without just compensation.
'"Ater. 6. Infiall Criminal prosecutions the
l000si!.11 s h all tjerthe right to a opeedj , and
public trial brain iinpartial jury of the State
and district nr*iiiiithe crime shall have been
committed, wh4ki &strict shall have been pre
viously asoertaislied - by law, and to be informed
ir
of the nature a cause of the accusation ;to
be confronted wlpie, yitnetsertrgainet him ;
to have compulsory procesa for obtaining wit-,
nesses in his favor, and to have the assistance
of counsel for his defense."
In addition to these provisidna of the Con
stitution which have been violated, they might
yet have had hope that their rights could be
maintained, had not the last hope been crushed
in the suspension of the habeas corpus. It was
incorporated into the very body of the Consti
tution by the 'men who had enjoyed its protec
tion under a different form of government, and
to make it an everlasting barrier between
power and innocence, they declared:
"The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus
shall not be suspended, unless when in case of
rebellion or invasion the pu!alis safety may re
quire it."
The "publlo safety" in the States perfectly
undisturbed by the rebellion required no such
executive interference, and the people every
where regarded them as a fearful violation of
their rights and a step towards despotism. It
then became a contest before the people at the
popular elections between executive power and
popular rights—a contest between oppression
and liberty. The administration claimed, as ty
rants always have done in all time, that it was
a neeessitythat a military necessity existed
for the abrogation of all civil rights. The
people protested that a state of war changed
none of the rights of the citizen and enlarged
none of the powers of the Executive ; that you
had declared and the Executive had sanctioned
the resolution of this Congress:
"That this war is not waged on their part
in any spirit of oppression, or for any purpose
of conquest or subjugation, or purpose of
overthrowing or interfering with the rights or
established institutions of the States, but to
defend and maintain the supremacy of the
Constitution, and to preserve the Union with
all the dignity, equality, and rights of the
several States unimpaired; and that as soon
as these objects are accomplished the war ought
to cease."
They protested that, with this declaration
embodied in your proceedings as the avowed
object of the war, the President had attempted
to make it a crusade fcir subjugation, emanci
pation, and the overthrow of slavery, and not
for a restoration of the Union of the States.—
In these popular elections in the central and
western States they were against all these ar
bitrary arrests; against the suspension of the
writ of habeas corpus; against emanoipatinn,
•`and against all the policy inaugurated and
attempted, to be enforced by military power.
The persons made victims under this mili
tary necessity submitted tolong imprisonments
and were released without trial, although in
many and perhaps all cases they petitioned for
a hearing,that they might vindicate their inno
cence. This was denied. In some cares they
have appealed to the law, that their utter inno
cence of all crime might be established, and
that the reasonkfor their arrest, the cause and
nature of the Offense might be known. You
to-day are seeking to disarm them by passing
this bill, which provides that all "arrests and
imprisonments made under the authority of
the President shalt be confirmed and made va-
lid," and "all indictments and informations,
actions, suits, prosecutions, and proceedings
Whatsomr, commenced against said President.
or any of the persons aforesaid, in relation to
the acts and matters aforesaid, or any of them,
are hereby• discharged and made void."
The bill provides further :
"That during the existence of this rebilion
the President shall be, and is hereby, invested
with authority to declare the suspension of the
writ of habeas corpus."
You thus place in his hands absolute power
over more than thirty million people, with no
appeal from his mandate and decree. The
Senate amendments have materially changed
the bill. They are more objectionable than the
bill as it passed this. House. It utterly de•
stroys the right of trial by ,jury in the State
courts, transfers the actions now pending and
hereafter to be brought to Federal courts, and
is intended to defeat -altogether the rights of
the citizen to the trial by jury before his peers.
It interferes with the independence of the ju
diciary of the States. It tends to destroy the
sovereignly of the States, and it places in the
Federal power what of right belongs to the
States. It is intended to delay, harass, and
defeat the parties who were the victim% under
and by Virtue of these extraordinary and justly
condemned orders and proclamations. I pro
test against this measure, because it violates
that provision of the Constitution which says,
"no ex post facto law shall be passed;" because
it shields the guilty and oppresses the innno
cent; because it tends to avoid investigation into
the abuses, and weakens confidence in the Gov
ernment. which was intended to be the protector
of personal rights. I oppose it, because you
have refused to.allow resolutions of inquiry to
go to the Departments that we may know by
whom and for'what 'these summary arrests were
Ordered to be made. The minority of this House
have been persistent in their efforts to bring to
the light of day the extent of these encroach
ments upon the people. Sir, it has been urged
that the President had the power to suspend
the writ of habeas corpus. The fallacy of such
a proposition has exploded. Even in the dis
cussion upon this bill, when originally intro
duced by its author, [kin. SizvErts,] be said;
"But I was proceeding to say that I did not
agree myself that the President of the United
States has the right to suspend the writ of
habeas corpus except until the meeting of Con
gress. Then it seems to me that We would have
the right to give him that power. As there has
been an illegal exercise of the power before,
one arising from necessity, a bill of indemnity
is the proper remedy which has been practi
cable for,the Government where it has been
necessary for the Biecutive, for the safety of
the country, to assume the responsibility of
acts not contemplated by the Constitution." •
Here is the argument for this unauthorized
exercise of power. The President may. do
"acts not contemplated by the Constitution,"
and Congrcse may indemnify where personal
liberty, the dearest and most sacred right of the
citizen, has been denied.
But, sir,: aside from the question as to the
power of the President to suspend the writ, by
what authority does he make the arrests ? By
what law, written or unwritten, does this ad
ministration direct arrests and imprisonments
at Pleasure ? In States where no rebellion ex
PRICE TWO. CENTS.
ista, where all courts, Federal and State,.are
open to the government and individual, 'where
' trial by jury is allowed, sustained and un
changed, can it.be said that there exists a ne
cessity to change the whole administration of
justice '1 No necessity existed from the begin
ning of our troubles ; none can ever exist while
t4e war is confined to its present limits. These
edoroachmente have greatly weakened and
almost entirely shaken confidence in this ad
ministration. The people do not believe that
the Union can ever be restored under its policy.
They fear that if the President is successful in
his theory of liberating the slaves and thrust
ing them upon us, of the North that the liber
ties of, the white race will be lost, and if this
war is to be prosecuted and ended over the
fragments of a broken Constitution, that the
iietory, if it shall come, will be echoed amid
the throes of the t dissblution of these States,
bound together by a bond made for war, for
"setae, for Union. We warn you now, as you
have been be f ore warned, not to venture fur
ther upon the rights of an incensed but for
bearing people. There is a point beyond which
you cannot, dare not go. You have heard but
have not heeded the mutterings of the storm
which will break upon you if you insist upon
forcing upon us this bill, and the kindred
schemes now attempted to be passed by this
Congress. Sir, the colonies complained in the
Declaration of Independence against the King,
and in the catalogue of charges in that instru
ment they charged, as one of the gravest rea
-1 sons for independence, the following:
'.For depriving us in many oases of the ben
efits of trial by jury.
' , For transporting us beyond seat to be tried
for pretended offenses."
These and other causes assigned caused them
to declare that—
"A prince whose character is thug marked
by every act which m define a tyrant, is
unfit to be the ruler o free people."
The history of the t and present is, that
power is always grasp g, and always seeks
and struggles to extend its dominion. It sel
dom keeps within.prescribed limits. This go
vernment happily confined each branch within
prescribed limits by its Constitution; and when
,the executive branch breaks over ail barriers,
restraints, and provisions of that instrument,
the people may again declare against such
abuses of power. Representing a people who
love liberty and hate oppression, I owe it to
them, to myself, to my State, to oppose to the
last this and every other measure that tends to
weaken their confidence in a government that
has always commanded thpir support, and
which now, with all its glorious past and once
hopeful future, 16 threatened by the spoiler
with destruction.
I have no hope, sir, that anything that can
be said will change the policy inaugurated from
the beginning. The voice of minorities is sel
dom heeded—never in this Congress. Our
only right has been to be voted down. This
we have never been denied. You have persis
tently adhered to a policy that has brought
ruin upon the country, defeat to your army,
and rendered a reunion of the States almost
hopeless. You have scorned public opinion
that has come up to you from the populous
Central and Western States condemning your
Abolition policy. The same sentiment which
has come to you through the recent elections
pervades the army. All are alike unbeedetl.
You have attempted to free the negro, and
have thereby almost lost your own freedom.
You are not for a restoration of the Union, With
the rights of -the SAatea as they were • but an
my
acknowledged leader,Colleague, (Mr. Ste
vens,) occupying the most responsible position
here, and necessarily high in the confidence
of this administration, and one who, I pre
sume, does much to shape its policy, in' his
remarks upon the bill mutilating the State of
Virginia, uses the following significant lan
guage:
say, then, that we may admit West Vir
ginia as a new State, not by virtue of any pro
vision of the Constitution, but under our abso
lute power which the laws.of war give us in
the circumstances in which we are placed. I
shall vote for this bill upon that theory, and
upon that alone ; for I will not stuliify myself
by supposing that we have any warrant in the
toostitution for this proceeding.
torhis talk of restoring the Union as it was
under the Constitution as it is, is one of the
absurdities which I have heard repeated until
I have become about sick of it. This Union
can never be restored as it was. There are
many things which render such an event im
possible. This Union shall never with my
constipt be restored under the Constitution as
it is Trith slavery to be preheated by it."
Under the policy declared in the Crittenden
resolution your army was raised. They were
led to believe it was a war to restore, not to
destroy. All your love for the Union has been
exhausted, and now it is openly proclaimed
that the Union shall never be restored "under
the Constitution as it is."
You have inaugurated another system, which
will find no favor with the people, who are
now overburdened with unequal and enormous
taxation. I refer to " compensated emancipa
tion ;" one bill giving $10,000,000 to free the
negroes of Missouri, which has already paeeed
this House, and has been amended in the Se
nateincreasing the amount to $20,000,000.
This iniquity to add to the taxation of the
country will be repudiated and condemned
with the rest of your Abolition programme.—
Complaint is made here that you are not sus
tained by the people. The people are seldom
wrong, and always make haste to correct
abuses.
Your President was elected by a popular
minority, upon' a platform which the people
then believed you would carry out when you
declared—
"That the maintenance inviolate of the rights
of the States, and especially the right of each
State to' order and control its own domestic
institutions, according to its own judgment
exclusively, is essential to that balance of power
on which the perfection and endurance of our
political faith depends, and we denounce the
lawless invasion by armed force of any State
or territory, no matter under what pretext,
as among the gravest of crimes."
Ph your 'administration of affairs you have
totally disregarded this solemn pledge to the
people. The President, upon entering the
office he now fills; said:
" I have no purpose, directly or indirectly,
to interfere with the institution of slavery in
the States where it exists. I believe I have
no lawful right to do so, and I have no incli
nation to do so." ,
,' In his policy he has violated every word of
that deolsration. You must not complain if
the people adhere to the rule, " Trust not him
who hash once broken faith."
My colleague, [Mr. Wright,l in a speech
lately delivered in this House, said:
The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Vallandig
ham] has alluded to the result of the late elec
tions as though that established a peace poli
cy. I assure the gentleman, if he entertains
that idea, that never was mortal man more mis
taken on earth. The greit change in public
opinion, as evidenced in these elections, re
sults, in my opinion, from a want of confidence
in the manner in which the war has been con
ducted, and the blunders of the administration.
The people of this oountrs have abandoned
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the idea of saving their country,• but they have
adopted the idea of changing their rulers.
There has been no victory, so far as I under
stand it, in the State of Pennsylvania that his
been achieved upon a principle hostile to the
maintenance of the Government by a vigorous
prosecution of the war. I learn by all the
speeches made by Mr. Seymour, of New York,
both before and since his election, that he
speaks unqualifiedly in favor of a vigorous
prosecution of the war. Ido not believe that
any man could maintain a political position in
Pennsylvania, for a day whof would declare
himself in favor of peace on any terms, whe
ther with the Government broken or with the
Government supreme. No, sir; the change of
principles evinced by the . late elections has
been caused by the unfortunate failure in the
.conduct of the war; because never was a war
so bunglingly managed from the time of Alex
ander the Great down to the time of the great
Napaleon."
While I agree with my colleague as to. the
conduct of the war, I am not prepared to agree
with him as to the meaning of the late election
in my own State. The policy of the admini
stration was condemned; the object of the war
was a question before them. The emancipa
tion proclamation was fresh before them. It
entered largely into the canvass. And I may
here venture to say that everywhere the ques
tion of peace, mediation, and cessation of
hostilities was more or less discussed. I am
not the advocate of a dishonorable peace that
would bring to the cheek the blush of shame;
but there is a sentiment growing, spreading,
and engaging the attention of the country, for
a lasting, permanent peace, peace and union;
not disbanding the army and surrendering up
the Government ; but if to continue war is to
abandon all hope for restoration ; if the ob
jeot of the war is understood to be that there
is to be no cessation until the laskpegro is
made free, then I have reason to Wow that
peace is desirable as against such a policy.—
My colleague may never have heard it; but
there is a determined, open opposition to the
understood objects and purposes of the war.--
I go fnrther in declaring it to be the convic
tions of my judgement that now, with all the
lights that we have before us, the people prefer
peace if that object can be honorably gained.
"A peace is of the nature of a conqueit;
For then both parties nobly are 'subdued,
And neither party loser."
I have reluctantly referred to my colleaguo's
remarks, but I differ with him entirely as to
the sentiment of our people.
Mr. Speaker, we are rapidly approahing the
last day of Congress. Its proceedings will
soon be a -part of the history of this nation.—
The President in his message to us this session
says that "we cannot escape history. We of •
this Congress and administration will be re
membered in spite of ourselves." These 'words
are fitly spoken. Neither the administration
nor Congress can "escape history." If there
be a wish to escape, it will be a pitiful delusion.
We' will all be remembered. In the Boston
Daily Courier of February' the 13, 186 , I find
the following, said to have been uttered by
Daniel Webster. Whether it is properly ac
credited to him I do not know and will not
vouch. Its truth, nevertheless, cannot now
be questioned:
'• If the infernal fanatics and Abolitionists
ever get the power in their hands, they will
over-ride the Constitution, set the Supreme
Court at defiance, change and make laws to
euititheitiseli4s, lay violent hands on those who
differ' with them in their opinions, or dare
question their infallibility, and finally bank
rupt the country, and deluge it with. blood."
Whoever is the author, he is at least entitled
to some notice as a prophet.
The proceedings of this Congress have failed
to meet public expectation. The people be
lieved pat your labors would end with some
hope of a speedy restoration of this Union.—
That hope, I fear, though hoping .still,
never be realized under this administration:—
They have fondly hoped that before we separa
ted we might carry with us tur constituents
words of hope, at least, that our legislation
and proceedings looked to a Union of all the
States restored under the Constitution, and
that the
.day was soon to dawn when we Gould
Loh upon a Union.
"Unbroken as the sacred chain of nature,
That links the jarring elements in peace.ir
I must return to my people saddened with
what I have here witnessed, and which has
engaged my closest attention, with no well
grounded hope as to the fhtnre. The dangers
and destiny of this great nation and pedple we
cannot foretell.
Sir, the highest, the only aspiration I have,
is to see the Union restored. If it could be
done by sacrifice, no one would be more ready
to make it. If if could be done by eompro
mice, mediation, that blood would cease to flew,
and friendship, love and peace could take the
place of hate, revenge, war and desolation, I
would do it now. If I could testare to ,the
desolate hearthstones and firesides the gallant
men who are enduring all the hardships inci
dent to such a war, and could bring back the
long absent son to ose who now "refuse to
be comforted ;" if I could assuage "the grief
that does not speak," I would do it now.
Mr. Speaker, the late hour to which this
day's session has been extended, and the desire
to adjourn so prevalent among us all, I sur
render the floor and yield to a motion to ad
journ.
THE SALE OP GOLD AND SILVER COIN. The
following regulations contain the substance of
the recent act of Congress in relation to ih*
purchase and sale of gold and silver coin :-.
First.—All contracts for the purchase and
sale of gold and silver coin or bullion and. all
contracts for the loan of money or currents" se
cured by the pledge or deposit or other dispo
sition of gold or silver coin of the United States
if to be after a period of three days, must be
in writing.
Second.—Such contracts must have adhesive
stamps equal in amount to one-half of one per
centum of the amount named in the contract,
and in addition thereto stamps equal to the
amount of interest at 6 per eentum on the
amonnt of the contract for the time specified
Third.--A renewal of the contract would be
subject to the same conditions.
Fourth.—No loan of currency or money on
the security of gold or silver coin of the Uni
ted States, or upon any certificate or other
evidence of deposit payable in wed' or silver
coin, can be made for an amount exceeding
the par value of the coin pledged or deposited.
Fifth—Gold or silver coin, pledged AL the
par value thereof, is subjeot only to the duty
imposed on these loans.
EXTII6OID/NART CAUTION.—There n
road out west which is bound to be on tho safe
side. It is a double tract, and as the train rum
off the track into another train approaching on
the opposite track, an order was issued, which.
insured safety as lons as it was strictly en*
forced:
"Hereafter, when trains, nuking in opposite
directions are approaching ea& other, on sep
arate tracks, conductors and engineers will be
required to a bait before the meeting, and be
very careful not to protect tiU, mix trains
has passed the other."