RATES OF ADVERTISING.
Four lines or less constitute half a square. Ten lines,
or more than four, constitute a square.
Half sq., one day, $) 30 One sq., one day...» $0 80
it on e wee k.... 120 " one week.... 200
" one mouth.. 300 " one month.. 6tO
" three months 5 " three months 10 00
16 Six months.. SOO ‘; six mouths.. 15 00
one'year 12 00 " one year .-- 20 03
ari" Business notices inserted in the LOOAL
Or before marriages and deaths, TES CENTS PER LINE for
each insertion. To merchants and others advertlaing
b y the year, liberal terms will be offered.
fly' The number of insertions must be designated on
the advertisement.
isT. Marriages and Deaths will be inserted at the same
rates as regular advertisements.
111iscellantons.
FENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
War Claims and Claims for Indemnity.
STEWART, STEVENS, CLARK & CO.,
Attorneys and Counsellors-at-Law, and Solicitors
for all kinds of _Military Claims,
450 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE,
WASHINGTON, D. C.
This firm, having a thorough knowledge of the Pen
sion Business, and being familiar with the practice in
all the Departments of Government, believe that they
can afford greater faoilities to Pension, Bounty, and
other Olaimants, for the prompt and successful ACCOM
plishment of business entrusted to them, than any other
firm in Washington. They desire to secure such an
amount of this business as will enable them to execute
the business for each claimant very cheaply, and on the
basis of their pay coatisgext upon their success ix each
ease. For this purpose they will secure the services of
Law Firms in each prominent locality throughout the
States where such business may be had, furnish such
with ell the necessary blank forms of application and
evidence, requisite printed pamphlet instructions, and
circulars for distribution in their vicinity, with asso
ciates names inserted, and upon the due execution of
the papers and transmission of the same to them by
their local associates, they will promptly perform the
business here.
l ig.. Their charges will be ten dollars for officers and
fire dollars for privates, for each Pension or Bounty and
Back Pay obtained ; and ten per cent. on amount of
Claims for Military Supplies or Claims for Indemnity.
3 . 17' Soldiers enlisted since theist of March,lB6l,in
any kind of service, Military or Naval, who are disabled
by disease or wounds, are entitled to Pensions. All
soldiers who serve for two years, or during the war,
should it sooner close, will be entitled to $lOO Bounty.
Widows of soldiers who die or are killed. are entitled to
Pensions, and the $lOO Bounty. If there be no widow,
then the minor children. And if no minor children,
then the father ' mother, sisters or brothers are mitt
.Aed as above to the slooBotint and Back Pay,
JOS y
EPH B. STEWART,
RESTOS. L. STEVENS,
EDWARD CLARK,
OSCAR A. STEVENS,
WILLIS E. GAYLORD.
iltrAsnisoron, D 0., 1862. •
la' Apply at our Office. or to our Associate at
HARRISBURG, Pe.--JOHN A. BIGLER, Attorney and
Counsellor.
PITTSBURG, PA.-6.ll,Tatilt3 & SIDDELL, Attor•
boys-at-Law.
POTTSVILLE, PA.—WM. R. SMITH, Attorney and
Counsellor.
PHILADELPHIA, G. MINNICHILD, 46 Alwood
street, WTI. M. SMITH. Attorney an 4. Counsellor.
Agn.tsayoN, PA.—BOYD ORIBIRINOE 3 Attorney
and Counselor.
iY3I7dIY
JACKSON & CO.'S
SHOE STORE ,
NO. 90,4 i MARKET STRUNT,
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Where they ntend to devote their entire time to the
manufacture of
BOOTS AND SHOES
all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most flab:
• enable styles, and at satisfactory prices.
Their stock will consist, in part, of Gentlemen's .Fino
Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, latest styles;
Ladies' and Kisses' Gaiters, and other..,Shoes in great
variety; and is fact everything connected with the
Shoe business.
CUSTOMER WORK will be pArtlinthirly attended to,
and in all cases will satisfaction be warranted. Lasts
Ana itp by one of the best makers in the country.
She long practical experience of the undersigned, and
their thorough knowledge of the business will, they
tenet, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they
will do them justice, and furnish them an artioie the
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dare-
'Pty. [jan9] JACKSON & CO.
11.13 RINGER'S PATENT BEEF TEA,
a soled, concentrated extract of
BEEF AND VEGETABLES,
Convertible immediately into a nourishing and deli
cious coup. Highly approved by a "gumber of eminent
2izysicians_
This admirable article condensed lutes compact form,
all the substantial and nutritive properties of a large
bulk of meat and vegetables. The readiness with which
it dissolves into a rich and palatable Soup, which would
require hours, of preparation according to the usual
method, is an advantage in many situations of life, too
obvious to need urging. Its highly nourishing qualities
combined with its delicacy, renders it invaluable for the
sick; while for those in health, it is a perfect substitute
for fresh meat and vegetables. It will keep good in any
climate.
It is peculiarly well adapted FOR TRAVELERS, by
land or sea, who can thus avoid those accidental deprive
tions of a comfortable meal, to which they are so liable.
FOR INVALIDS, whose capricious appetite can tints
- 'be satisfied in a moment.
FOR SPORTSMEN and EXCURSIONISTS. to whom,
both its compactness and easy preparation will recom
mend it. For sale by
sepll-tf
CHARTER OAK
FAMILY FLOUR!
UNEXCELLED BY ANY IN THE U. STATES
AND SUPERIOR TO ANY
3P ..9. 1%1 . iC - ‘2" .13 X:I. j tL iv "ja 29
OFFERED IN PENNSYLVANIA:
IT IS MADE OF
CHOICE MISSOURI WHITE WHEAT.
Kr Delivered any place in the city free of charge
Terms cash on delivery.
WM. DOCK, 7e., lc CO.
QOLDIER'S CAMP COMPANION.-
A very convenient Writing Desk; also, Portfolios,
kleteoinrsinm Books, Portmonnales, &c., at
SCREFFEWS BOOKSTORE
fiIIEESE!!--100 Boxes Prime Cheese
L.) (on consignment) for Bale at less than market rate.
5710 WM. DOCK, JR., & CO
lOTIONS.—Quite a variety of useful
and entertainiag artieles--cheap—at
KIIEFFERI BOOKSTORI,
BOW
REINER HO .—A GOO
L. D
pp 000 K
immed at the
V WATE Aly iat
(ILARET WINE !!!—We are closing out
a TRIM SUPERIOR LOT at less than cost?
:13,9 WM_ DOCIK CO.
'DEMO POTATOES !-A LARGE LOT
I just received and for sale low.
ccaf-dtf WM. DOCK, J'a., & CO.
lr, INCE HEAT !----Very superior, just
so, received and for sale try Wli. DOCK, Jr.. & CO.
VONDENSI4D MILK '—Just received
Vand for sale by WM. DOCK jr., &
IERMETIOALLY SEALED
Peaches, Toroatoes, Lobster. Saimon, Oysters,
spiced. Oysters, for sale by WM. DOCK, Jr., & CO.
RIVMED HALIBUT —A very choice
kJ article, jut recehred and for Stale by
WM. DOCK, jr., & CO.
VBENCH MUSTARD, ENGLISR and
Domestic Pickles, (by the dozen or hnnired,) Su
perior Salad Oil, Ketchup, Sauces and condiments of
Earley description ; for sale by
y2s wm. DOCK, Ss., & Co
zn
L"ETROUT ! !—A small invoice of
LAKE TROUT, (Mackinaw,) trimmed, and the
quality "A O. 1," just received and for sale very low
WK. DOCK, Ja., &00 -
l WAR I —BRADY, No. 62
W Market street, below Third, has received a large
assortment of SWORDS, BASHES and ilsVrai wh h h
will sell very low. a 12.0-dtt
SELF SEALING FRUIT JARS !-
Best and Cheapest in the markets: Call and
stemine them,
jy3l
I'OR RENT—Two
• desirable OFFICE
ROOMS, second story front of Wyeth's Building
corner of Market Square and Market street. Applyst
Lis Oleo sepgadsf
MACKEREL!!!
124CHMIEL, Noe. 1, 2 awl 3, in an sited packages
new, and each package warranted. Just received, and
•or sole low by WM . Doom, Ja., & CO.
WM. DOCK, JR., & Co
, WM. DOCK, JR., & CO
. .
. ........._
• ._ __ .- _ .
___ .
~.....
_._ --•• ' , :.....4 r.,.:. ~,---,_ _,_ . ...
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... ----- .. --7 2..........,, , ..77.!"..! -
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not on.
--
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VOL. 5.-NO. 160.
Business tabs.
IR. WM. R. DE WITT, Jr'.
OFFICM: .
SECOND STREET, ABOVE LOCUST.
june2-411m.
R ELIGIOUS BOOK STORE,
MACY AND SUNDAY SCHOOL pßzoszronr,
E. S. GERMAN,
$7 SOUTH S4ICOND BTESZT, ABOVZ OHZENUT,
Heizlssuita, PA.
Depot forthe sale of StereoscopeeiStereoseopicTiewe,
Music and Musical Instruments. Also, subscriptions
taken for religion. publications. noSO-dy
ATM. H. MILLER,
ATTORNEY AT LiAW.
0711011 IN
SHOEMAKER'S BUILDINGa,
SECOND STRE,ET,•
BETWEEN WAINVT AND HAMM. 114WARB,
na2B] Nearly opposite the Buehler House. rd&wly
JOHN G. W.-MARTIN ;
• .
FASHIONABLE
CARD WRITER,
HERR'S HOTEL, HARRISBURG, PA.
All manner of VISITING, "WEDDING AND BUSI
NESS CARDS executed in the most artistic styles and
most reasonable terms. decl44tf
F ANK LIN HOUSE,
BALTIMOII.III, MD.
Tide pleasant and commodious Hotel has been tho
roughly re-fitted and re-furnished. It is pleasantly
situated on _North-West corner of Howard and 'Franklin
ntreata, a few doors west of the northern Central Bea
way Depot. liTery attention paid to the comfort of his
guests. G. LEM:WRING, Proprietor,
iel.2-tf (Late of Selina (}rove. Pa.)
•
TIIEO. F. BOHEFFER,
BOOK, CARD AND JOB PRINTER,
NO. 18 MARKET STREET, HARRISBURG.
jr Particular attentioA paid to printing, ruling and
binding of Railroad Blanks, Manifests, Insurance Poli
cies, Checks, Bill-Heads, &e.
Wedding, Visiting and Business Cards printed at very
low prices and in tlit a iiest style. jan2l
DYOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
NAITUFACTIINN
CARBOYS, DEMIJOHNS,
WINE, PORTER, MINERAL WATER, PICKLE AND
PRESERVE BOTTLES
OP P PIMP DESCRIPTION.
11. B. & G. W. RENNES:IS,
oolft_aly 27 south Bront ateret, Philadelphia.
MUSIC. STORE!
NO. OS MARKET SPREE'S, ItAItRISBUBH, PA.
SKEET MUSIC, PIANOS,
MELODEONS, GUITARS,
- VIOLINS, BANJO STRINGS,
Of every description.
DRUMS, PIPES, ELUTES, ACCORDEONS, eta. at
the lowest OITY TBIOES, at
W. KNOCHE'S MUSIC STORE,
No. 93 MARXIT 82.1111117.
COAL NOTICE .-WE HAVE THIS
day completed an arrangement with Henry Thomas,
Esq., for the sale of the entire amount of L YARNS
VALLEY and SHORT MOUNTAIN COAL, mined
by him to be delivered at Millersburg!, have this day
E. 11YERS Sole Agent for the State of Penn
nYiVaula, except
SUTTON, PENNINGTON & CO.
Harrisburg, Feb. 12, 1863.—feb18 d4w
ET ADIS!!! —Just received, a large
CI. supply of COVERED SUGAR-U[IIIED 1 1 / 1 118, of
lag best brand ix the market. Every one g old is guar
=seed. june27l WM. DOCK, JR., & CO.
BANK NOTICE. —Notice is hereby
given that the undersigned have formed an associa
tion and prepared a certificate for the purpose of estab
lishing a Bank of Issue, Discount and Deposit, tinder
the provisions of the act entitled "A supplement to an
act to establish a system of Free Banking in Pennsyl
vania and to secure the public against loss from Insol
vent Banks," approved the first day of May, Anno Domini
eighteen hundred and sixty-one. The said Bank to be
called TIIN FARMERS' BANK OF MOUNT JOY, to
be located in the borough of Mount Joy, to consist of a
capital stock of One Hundred Thousand Dollars, in
shares of Fifty Dollars each, with the privilege of in
creasing the same to any amount not exceeding Three
Hundred Thousand Dollars in all.
J. Hoffman Hershey, John M. Hershey,
Martin B. Peifer, Jacob M. Stauffer,
Reuben Gerber, John M. Bear.
jan2B-4113moaw*
FAN CY FURS!I FANCY FURS!!!
JOHN FAREIMA,
No. 718 ARCH STREET,
below Eighth, south side,
P HI L ELP
IMPORTER AND MANUFACTU
RER OF, AND DEALER IN ALL
RINDS OF
FANCY FURS
For Ladies' and Children's wear.
I desire to say to my friends of Dauphin and the sur
rounding counties, that I have MOW in store. one of the
largest and most beautifid assortments of all kinds and
qualities of FANCY FUliS t for Ladies , and Children's
wear, that will be worn during this Fall and Winter.
My Furs were purchased in Europe, previous to the
rise in Sterling Exchange, and the New Duty Imposed
on all Furs, imported since the first of August.
I would also state, that as long as my stook lasts, I
will offer it at prices proportionate to what the goods
cost me; but, it will be impossible for me to import and
manufacture any more Furs, and sell them at teh same
prices, owing .to the unsettled state of the affairs of the
Country.
ED—Remember the name, number . and street—
JOHN FAREIRA,
eepl24lbto 718 Arch street, Philadelphia.
A. BOOK FOR THE TIMES I
American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events for the Year 1861. In 1 vol.
8 vo. over 750 pages. Cloth
_O3, Leather $3.60.
Published by D. Appleton 4- Co., New York.
The design of this work is to furnish a record of all
the important knowledge of the year. The events of
the war, owing to their prominence, will, of course, oc
cupy a conspicuous part, but all other branches2Sai
ens; Art, Literature the Mechanic Arts, &c.,will re
ceive due attention. The work will be published ex
clusively by subscription, and ready for delivery in Tune
next.
Also, now complete
Benton's Debates of Gongress,lo volumes, $3 and $3.50
per volume.
Benton's Thirty Years is U. S. Senate, 2 volumes, $2.50
and $3 per TOL. •
Cyclopedia of American _Eloquence, containing as
speeches of the most eminent Orators of America, 14
*tea portraits, 2 vole. $2.50 tech.
Pargows Life and Times of Andrew Jackson, 3 vaiums%
$2.50 each.
Address J. P.I3TRAFBMIGH, Harrisburg, Pa.
General Agent for D. APPLETON & CO.
For Circulars descriptiveof Annual Cyclopedia.
april3-d&wtf.
QWEET CIDER !—A very superior lot
1.,3 just received and for sale by WM. DOCK - ,jr., &Co.
pOTATOES.-300 BUSHELS OF A
anperior-qualityjust received and for
DOCK sale l ow. by
WM. , & CO.
DR'"D PE ACHES-PARED AND
UNPARED—juLA received by
WM. DOCK, & CO.
S ola A It MATCHES!
NO SULPHUR!
NO SMELL!
FIFTY GROSS of the above Superior Matches net
oeived, and for sale by IPM. DOCK, Ts., & 00.
MINCE PIES ! --Raisins,' Currants,
11l Citron spices, Lemons, Cider, Wino, Brandy and
Bum, for sale by WM. DOCK, Jr., & Co.
BUCKWHEAT MEAL !-15,000 lbs
V super Extra, just received
end for sale by
dezs M. DOCK, JR. & CO.
HARRISBURG, PA., SATURDAY, MARCH 7, 1863.
T H E
Weekly "Patriot & Union,"
THE CHEAPEST PAPER PUBLISHED IN
PENNSYLVANIA!
AND
TOE ONLY DEMOCRATIC PAPER PUBLISHED AT
THE SEAT OF OOTERNMENT I
FORTY-FOUR COLUMNS OF READING MAT
TER EACH WEEK I
AT THE LOW PRICE OF ONE DOLLAR
AND FIFTY CENTS !
WREN
SUBSCRIBED FOR IN CLUBS OF NOT LESS
THAN TEN COPIES 70 ONE ADDRESS!
We have been 'compelled to raise the club subscription
price to one dollar and fifty cents in order to save our
selves from actual loss. Paper has risen, including
taxes, about twenty-five per cent., and is still rising;
and when we tell our Democratic friends, candidly, that
we can no longer afford to sell the Weekly Pdeatoi AND
UNioN at one dollar a year, and must add fifty Vats-or
stop the publication, we trust they will appreprate our
position, and, instead of withdriwing their subscrip
tions, go to work with a will to increase our list in every
•eounty in the State. We have endeavored, and shall
continue our efforts, to make the paper useful as a party
organ, and welcome as a news messenger to every fam
ily. We flatter ourselves that it has not bean without
some influence in producing the glorious revolution in
the politics of the State achieved at the late election;
and if fearlessness in the discharge of duty, fidelity to
the principles of the party, and an anxious desire to pro
mote its interests, with ,ome experience and a moderate
degree of ability, can be made serviceable hereafter, the
Weekly PATRIOT AND UNION will not be less useful to
the party or less welcome to the family circle in the fu
ture than it has been in the past. We confidently look
for increased encouragement in this great enterprise,
and appeal to every . influential Democrat in the State to
lend us his aid in running our supscriptiOn list up to
twenty or thirty thousand. The expense to each
indi
vidual is trifling, the benefit to. the party may be great.
Believing that the Democracy of the State feel the ne
cessity of sustaining a fearless central organ, we make
this appeal to them for assistance with the fullest confi
dence of success.
The same reasons which induce us to raise the price
of the Weekly, operate in regard to the Daily paper, the
price of which is also increased. The additional cost to
each subscriber will be but trifling; and, while we can
not persuade ourselves that the change necessarily made
will result in any diminution of onr daily circulation,
yet, were we certain that such would be the conse
quence, we should still be compelled to make it, or euf
fer a ruinous loss. Under these circumstances we mast
throw ourselves upon the generosity, or, rather, the
justice of the public, and abide their verdict; whatever
it may be. •
The period for which many of our subscribers have
paid for their paper being on the eve of expiring, we
take the liberty of issuing this notice, reminding them
of the same, in order that'they may
RENEW THEIR CLUBS.
We shall also take it as an especial favor if our present
subscribers will urge upon their neighbors the fact that
the PATRIOT AND UNION is the only Democratic paper
printed in Harrisburg, and considering the large amount
of reading matter, embracing all the current news of
the day, and
TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCHES
Prom everywhere up to the moment the_ paper goes to
dress. ..;ollanenv:c -.4ti!)ral in& keel news
market reports, ie decidedly Effie "
CHEAPEST NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN
, THE STATE!
There is scarcely a village or town in the State in
which a club cannot be raised if the proper exertion be
made, and surely there are few places in which one or
more energetic men cannot be found who are in favor of
the dissemination of sound Democratic doctrines, who
would be willing to make the effort to raise a olub.
DEMOCRATS OF THE INTERIOR I
Let us hear from you. The existing war, and the ap
proaching sessions of Congress and the State Legisla
ture, are invested with unusual interest, and every man
should have the news.
TERMS.
DAILY PATRIOT AND UNION.
Single copy for one year, in advance $5 00
Single copy during the session of the Legislature... 2 00
City subscribers ten cents per week.
Copies supplied to agents at.the rate of $1 60 per hun
area. _ _
WEEKLY PATRIOT AND 'UNION,
Published every Thursday.
Single copy one year, in advance $2 00
Ten copies to one adaress 15 00
Subscriptions may commence at any time, PAY AL
WAYS IN ADVANCE. We are obliged to make this
-imperative. In every iasmace cash must accompany
subscription. Any person sending us a club of twenty
subscribers to the Weekly will be entitled to a copy for
his services. The price, even at the advanced rate, is
so low that we cannot offer greater inducements than
this. Additions maybe made at any tints to a club of
subscribers by remitting one dollar and fifty cents
for each additional name. It is not necessary to send
as the names of those constituting a club, as we cannot
undertake to address each paper to club subscribers
separately. Specimen copies of the Weekly will be sent
to all who desire it. •
0. BA.RRETT & CO., Harrisburg, Pa
N. B.—The following law, passed_by Congress in 1860,
dam% the duty of Postmasters in relation to the de
livery of newspapers to club subscribers:
(See Ltttie, Brown ¢ Co.'s edition of the Laws of PM,
page 38, chapter 131, section 1.) -
"Provided, however, that where packages of newspa
pers or periodicals are received at any poet office directed
to one address, and the names of the club subscribers to
which they belong, with the postage for a quarter in ad
vance, shall be banded to the postmaster, he shall de
liver the same to their respective owners),
To enable the Postmaater to comply with this regula
tion, it will be necessary that be be furnished with the
list of names composing the club, and paid a quarter's
(or year's) postage in advance. The uniform courtesy
of Postmasters, affords the assurance that they will
cheerfully accommoaate club subscribers, and: the latter
Should take care that the postage, which is but a trifle
in each case, bepaid in advance. Send on the clubs
UrHITMBRANDY !I !—FoR, PRESERV
ING PURPOSES.—A very superior article, (strictly
pured just received and for sale by
julyl WM. DOM, dr., & Co.
NEW PATENT CORN SHELLER
aI Cheapest and most complete ever invented. Far
mers and otbera please call and see it at wrs.OFF'S
Cigar Store. Market street, 2d door below Third.
County Rights and Machines for sale. feb2.
rOAL NOTICE.—We would respect
fully inform our erstomere that we have appointed
Major DAVID WOO EtIIfICIC Agent for the sale of Tre
verton Coal. All orders Bent to him will receive prompt
attention at our regular prices. MOWTON &CO ,
Lessee of Treverton Coal Mines.
Having reeeived.an agency for, the sale of Treverton
Coal, I take pleasure in recommending it to all my cus
tomers as a first class, free km ning coal, free from all im
purities and does not clinker. For dcmestic and steam
purposes this coal cannot be excelled.
DAVID MICORMICIC.
Harrisburg, February 14, 1863--febl6 6tflk
BROOMS, BRUSHES, TUBS AND
I J BASKETS of all descriptions, qualities and prices,
for sale by WM. DOCK, Jay& CO.
RAMS, DRIED BEEF, BOLOGNA
AL SAUSAGES, TONGUES, &c., for sale IoR. w
Sc. , lyr
WM DOCK, T. CO.
rOFFFAS AND SUGARS OF ALL
N./ GRADES, and at reasonab l
weill prices. foJR, r sale &
by
. DOCK, CO,
COO PE GELATINE .—The best
article in the market, just received and for We by
marl4-Itf WM. DOMC 7.
kTEW ORLEANS SUGAR!--FIRST IN
Ij4 THE MARKET !—For sale by
WM. DOCK, Ja., & CO.
Ett Pixie tt-
SATURDAY WRITING - , MARCH 7.1863
REMARKS
- 0 r
HON. WM. HOPKIN S,
OF WASHINGTON,
ON THE BILL TO RESTORE THE TONNAGE TAX
Made in the Muse of Representatives, ON Wednesday,
~ Ararat 4i/t,1863.
Mr. SPEAKER: Having had the honor of
submitting this subject to the House, it may,
perhaps, be expected .that I should say some
thing in its difence. In doing so, it will not
be necessary to discuss, in detail, the various
reasons in favor of the repedl ttte Act of
1861, entitled "An Act;for the Commutation of
Tonnage Duties." It will be remembered by
.tL•ose who were here last session, that the
question was then fully examined ; but it may
be proper to refer, in general terms, to a few
of the most prominent of those reasons. The
questions involved being precisely the same as
they were a year ago, it will be difficult now
to avoid a repetition of the arguments then
used; but I shall guard against this as far as
practicable, or as far as my memazy will enable
me to do so.
That we may understand this whole ques
tion in all its bearings, let us look for a moment
at the history of the tonnage tax from its in
cipiency to the present time. In 1846 an ap
plication was made to the Legislature for at
Act of Incorporation to build a railroad from
Harrisburg to Pittsburg. This application met
with decided opposition on the part of many
members of both branches of that body, on the
ground that the construction of a road run
ning parallel with the main line of canal would
divert the trade from the State's own work,
and thus diminish its value. On the other
band, it was alleged that this new avenue was
necessary in order to afford adequate facilities
to the increased and rapidly increasing trade
between the Atlantic cities, and especially the
great Eastern Emporium of our own Common
wealth, and the expanding West. After much
discussion, a basis of compromise was finally
agreed upon between the Legislature and the
corporators, by which the latter agreed to pay
to the State five mills per ton per mile for all
tonnage carried over their road between the
points designated, during the navigable season
of the canal. This was subsequently modified
to three mills - during the whole year. This
tax was regarded, by the parties in interest,
as an equivalent for the franehises conferred,
and as an indeminity for the loss the Common
wealth would sustain on account of the dimi
nution of trade over its own improvement.
For several years this agreement was faithfully
carried out, but the Company finally began to
agitate the question of repeal, and set the law
at defiance by refusing to pay what they had
solemnly agreed to do, and the Cohtmonwealth
was obliged to bring suit for the recovery of
its just dues. In 1860 this tax had reached the
sum of (008,829 00) Three Hundred and Eight
Thousand, Eight Hundred and Twenty-nine
Dollnts,per, Fannin,. yhege.suitusrmintadtakel.
beroie the erninirlijurist ancrirmorruptible n 3411
who presides over this Judicial District. After
an elaborate argnment - by 'able counsel on both
aides, the Court ruledthe law against the Corn
party ; and on the removal of the cause to the
Supreme Court of the State, a tribunal of 'the
highest legal ability, and of undoubted integ
rity, the judgment of the Court below was
affirmed; and just as we were about to realize
the amount due, some seven or eight hundred
thousand dollars, the Legislature interposed
and arrested the process of the law, and passed
the Commutation Act, which relieved the Com
pany not only from the payment of the accu
mulated tax, but also from its payment in fu
ture. It is for the purpose of restoring to the
Treasury this revenue that the passage of this
bill is asked for.
Having thus hurriedly glanced at the history
of this tax, I now propose, as briefly as I can,
to assign such reasons for the passage of the bill
as may suggest themselves to my mind. This tax
should be restored, then, first, because its pay
ment, as has been shown, was voluntarily as
sumed by the Company as a bonus for the char
tered privileges conferred ; and it was an act
of - bad faith, on their part, to refuse to pay it.
It should be restored, in the second place, be
cause the amount thus improperly taken from
the Treasury must be made up by imposing ad
ditional burdens upon the people. It should be
restored, in the third place, because the passage
of the act which exonerated the company from
its payment was procured by corrupt means.
Let us now examine these reasons, in the
order above stated.
That the Company voluntarily assumed the
payment of the Tonnage Tax, has never been
denied by any one, nor can it be successfully
controverted. I need not, therefore, occupy
the time of the House in discussing a propo
sition, the truth of which is admitted on all
hands. .
Then as to the second reason assigned, to
wit: that the amount taken from the revenues .
of the State by the passage of the Comnauta
tion bill must be made up by increased taxa
tion on real and personal property throughout
the Commonwealth. To my own mind, this is
just as clear as the first proposition ; but, as
there are those who do not so regard it, I will
give the reason for "the faith within me."
The revenues of the Commonwealth are made
up, chiefly, by taxes on corporations, licenses,
real and personal property. The tonnage tax,
in 1860, amounted to $308,829.00, as appears
from the message of Governor Packer, (see Ex
ecutive Documents, 1861, page 13.) By refer
ence to the return made to the Auditor General
by.the Company, for 1860, it will be seen that
the gross amount of tonnage carried over the
Road in that year was one million three hun
dred and fifty-two thousand four hundred and
forty-eight tons (1,352,448), which produced
the above sum of $308,829.00. In 1862, the
gross tonnage carried was one million nine
hundred and eighty-nine thousand one hun
dred and twenty-six tons (1,989,126). Now,
without claiming to be literally accurate, yet I
believe I am sufficiently so for all practicable
purposes, when I say that if 1,352,448 tons
produced $308,829.00 revenue in 1860, the
1,980,126 tons carried in 1862 would have
yielded ($454,654 53) four hundred and fifty
four thousand six hundred and fifty-four dol
lars and fift3 -three cents.
A word here in regard to the amendment °tiered
by the gentleman froniClinton. This amendment
provides that all railroad companies, canal
companies, &c., shall pay to the State Treasu
rer, for the use of the Commonwealth, a tax
upon all tonnage carried upon or over their re
spective lines of transportation, to be gradua
ted as follows, to wit :
Ist. Upon the products of mines, for each ton
of two thousand pounds, two cents.
2d.. Upon the product of the forest, upon ani
mals, vegetable food and all other agricul
tural products, three cents.
fid. Upon merchandise, manufactures and all
all other articles, five cents.
Now, in the first place, the injustice of this
amendment is so manifest, that a bare reference
PRICE TWO CENTS
to it ought to satisfy every fair-minded man
that it should not be adopted. Why, sir,
look at it. It proposes to impose the same tax
on a,ton of freight carried over a road ten miles
long that it does over a road three hundred
miles in length. Can it be possible that such
a proposition will find favor in this House ?
Then, again, in point of revenue, how does it
compare with the original bill ? Take, for ex
ample, the Pennsylvania Road. It has just
been shown that the tonnage carried over this
Road the past year was one million nine hun-•
dred and eighty-nine thouiand one hundred
and twenty-six tons (1,989,126), which, at 3
mills per ton per mile, would amount to seven
ty-five cents per ton between Harrisburg and
Pittsburg—equal to four hundred and fifty-four
thousand six hundred and fifty-four dollars
per annum ($454,654.00). Then 'take the
average tax propose(' by the amendment,
say at four • cents per ton, which would
be very liberal, the 'Pennsylvania Com
pany would pay on the tonnage above given,
seventy-nine thousand five hundred and sixty
five dollars ($79,565.00) per annum—making
a difference against the Commonwealth of
Three Hundred and Seventy-five Thousand Eighty
nine Dollars ($375,089,00) annually. If, then,
you withhold from the treasury this sum ; will
you not create the necessits , for imposing an
equal amount on other property ? If this he
not so, I will thank gentlemen if they will tell
me in what mode the deficiency caa,,,be made
up. The question is here pre-seined, Why
should the people be taxed annually half a
million of dollars, to say -nothing of the in
crease which must continue to an indefinitepe . -•
riod, as the agriculturel,mineral,manufacturing
and commercial interests of our vast country
become more and more developed ? But one
truthful answer can be given to this question,
and that is that the dividends of the Stockholders
of the Pennsylvania Railroad company may be
increased. These dividends, the past year,
were, I believe, 8 per cent., while the great
agricultural interests of th. Commonwealth,
upon which falls the heaviest portion of taxa
tion, did not, it may be safely affirmed, yield
on an average three per cent., on the capital in
vested, over and above expenses. But, Mr.
Speaker, there is another class of our citizens,
and a very meritorious one, which should not
be overlooked. I refer to the " toiling mil
lions," who are ground down to the merest
pittance for their labor, while they have to
pay the most exorbitant prices for all the
necessaries of life. Yes, every article that
enters into the consumption of a family, has
advanced, within the past two years, from
fifty up to five hundred per cent. Here is a
large class of men who receive say seventy
five, cents per day, or at most a dollar, and
many of them not half that sum, and yet
muslin, for example, that cost, two years ago,
ten cents per yard, now posts fifty cents! As
to tea and coffee, &c., which have hitherto
formed a portion of the comforts of every
home, they are now entirely beyond their
reach. Again, sir, look at our patriotic fellow
citizens in the army, who are aiding in an at
tempt to put down a teirible rebellion, who
receive—receive did I sad' ?—who are promised
thirteen dollars per month ; but which they do
not get for from four to ight months after it
t
is due them ! Hundreds •and thousands of the
wives and children of th se brave fellows, are
lifillin tithe lifitho i tau fbrel4," or
clothing to " Protect . the from the pitiless
storm, and yet, those of them who own any
property, if it be but a cow - , is taxed ; yes, even
the cow of the soldier's widow is taxed ! While
these things are notorious, we find in this hall,
to day, the emissaries of a mammoth corpora
tion, with all their power and influence, re
sisting a measure which has for its object the
-lessening of the burdens of the masses.
Look at this sad picture, which is by no
means overwrought, but on the contrary falls
far, very far, below the reality; and then con
template the conduct of these Redhead gentle
men who receive their hulndreds, their thou
sands, and tens of thousands annually, in the
shape of dividends, and see them here, using
all their arts and appliances, to prevent the
Legislature from requiring them to redeem
their plighted faith to the Commonwealth !
Bat, Mr. Speaker, the friends of this corpo- •
ration attempt to present this subject in another
aspect. Some of them allege that this tax was
not paid by the Company, but by those who
transported freight over the road. If this be
so, it was a palpable violation of the terms of
its charter. The 22d section of the Act of In
corporation expressly provides that the " tax
shall be paid by the aaid company," and not by
the shippers. Suppose, sir, that in granting
this charter,
instead of a tax on tonnage, the
Legislature had imposed a specific sum as a
bonus, which would have been entirely compe
tent, is there a sane man anywhere who -would
claim that the company would have a right to
assess a tax on the freight carried over their
road, to reimburse them for this bonus which
they had agreed to pay for their charter ? As
well might a bank, chartered by the Legisla
ture, upon which a bonus was imposed, claim
the right in making its loans, to assess on notes
and bills discounted a portion of what it cost
it to obtain its charter ! The proposition is so
preposterous that it needs but to be suggested
to be scouted by every intelligent man.
But, for the sake of the argument, suppose it
be conceded, that the Company had the right
to impose this tax on those who ship freight
over the road, would that be conclusive against
the policy of the tax, in the first place, or its
continuance now? If the people along the
line of the road desired a more speedy transit
for their produce and merchandise than that
afforded by the State improvement, which cost
so many millions of dollars, would them be
any injustice in their paying a small advance
on their freights, for the increased facilities
which were denied to other portions of the
State ? The additional taxes which would
have to be imposed, to make up the deficiency
in the treasury, caused by the withdrawal of
the tonnage tax, must be paid by the people
of the whole State. Look at your map, and
you will see that a large portion of the people
derive no direct advantage from this road.
From the Delaware to Lake Erie, on the east
and north, and the entire range of counties on
the southern border of the State, other chan
nels of communication have to be sought; and
the policy, therefore, which would impose
additional burdens upon the people of those
sections, for the benefit of the stockholders of
this Company, would, in my judgment, be of
doubtful propriety. That such is the effect of
the Act of 1861, unless it be repealed, is too
palpable to admit of elaboration.
The alternative is, therefore, presented, of
either restoring this tax or taxing the people,
who are already groaning under their load, to
make up the deficiency. There is no escape
from this position, however artful may be the
attempt.
- But, Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Cam
bria has raised a side issue here, which, in my
judgment, does not ligitimately belong to the
subject. lam willing, however, to examine
his allegation, and see what merikit possesses.
He says that from the message of the Gover
nor, it appears that the net revenue derived, in
1856, from the Commonwealth's own works,
I was but sixty-two thousand one hundred and
1 eighteen dollars and forty-eight cents ($62,-
1 118.48.) Had the gentleman bestowed that
PUBLISHED Byy,ity" DIQANINO
SUNDAYS EXCLPTEb t
BY 0. 13ABRETT & CO
TOE DA/LT PATRIOT AND UNION will be served to stab.
seri ers residing in the Borough for TEI CENTS PER WEEK
payelle to the Carrier. Mail subscribers, FITS DOLLARS
PER ANNOSt.
Ta t E Earr PATRIOT AND UNION is pnbliSbed at Two
DOLL (118 PER aitwent, invariably in advance, Ten !copies
to 0114 address, fifteen dollars.
Coaneeted with this establishment is an intensive
JOB OFFICE, containing a variety of plain and fancy
type, unequalled by any establishment in the Interior cl
me State, for which the patronage of the Fab* is sow
- - -
attention upon the subject which generally
characterizes his investigations of public ques
tions, I am sure be would not have faller into the
error which he did. On the same page of the
message from which he quotes, it is stated,
that the extraordinary payments during the year
amounted to eight hundred and eight thousand
eight hundred and ninety-two dollars and six•
teen cents ($806,89.2.16,) and the ordinary
expenditures to one million one hundred and
thirty-five thousand and four dollars ($1,185,-
004.00 ;) net revenue,,(excluding extraordinary
payments and motive power for 1855,) was eight
hundred and seventy-one thousand and eleven
dollars ($871,011.) The extraordinary pay
ments here referred to, were for new work en
tirely, and, therefore, not chargeable to the
current expenses of operating the works; thus
showing that instead of these improvements
yielding but 562,118,48, the net revenues
were $871,011 ! And the gentleman is equally
unfortunate in another part of his argument,
where he alleges that, instead of the construc
tion of the Pennsylvania Railroad having
caused a diminution of revenue on the main
linefit had increased it. To prove this posi
tion, he quoted from the Report of the Came &
Commissioners of January, 1857. Now, if the
gentleman will refer to the Report of the
Beard, made January, 1855, he will find that
wtiiie it is true that the tolls on the Philadelphia
and Columbia Road did increase after the con
struction of the . Pennsylvania Road, which
.was attributable partly to the natural increase
of trade and partly to the tonnage thrown
upon it by the latter Road, it is equally true
that the business of transportation over the
Main Line of Canal, especially on that por
tion between the Susquehanna River and Pitts
burg, was comparatively destroyed.
For example : the whole tonnage carried by
the canal transporters over this line in 1853,
was 108,675 tons, and that carried by the Penn
sybiania Railroad was 81;450 tons ; and in
1854 the former carried but 73,774 tone, while
the latter carried 164,475 tons—thus exhibiting
the startling fact that while the tonnage of the
canal transporters has fallen off the past year
forty-seven per cent., that of the Railroad has
increased ninety-nine per cent. Of this discrep
ancy a very large proportion is of first and
second class goods, which afford much the
greatest remuneration, as well to the State as
to the carriers, for the reason that the charges
of both are higher than on third and fourth
classes. Thus it will be seen that the con
struction of the Pennsylvania Railroad proved
to be highly prejudicial to the interests of the
Commonwealth, and led to the sale of the Main
Line at a price far below its actual cost.
But, Mr. Speaker, it is said that the Act of
1861 is a contract, and, therefore, cannot be
repealed. I do not propose to discuss this
point at any great length, but I must give it a,
passing notice. For myself, I can•say that I
do not regar&Jegislative contracts, and espe
cially when tainted with fraud, with as mutt
favor as some gentlemen seem to do. A legis
lative contract, to be binding, must possess all
the elements necessary to a contract between
individuals. There must be a consideration;
and it must be free from fraud, for it is a recog
nised principle in law, that fraud vitiates all
contracts. Now, let us apply this test to this
pretended contract. First, where is the
consideration in the c , Cetrenetti 4 ion. l 2lll ?" I
affirm that so far from the State having re
ceived a dollar, the Act absolutely gives the
Company some eight hundred thousand dollars of
accumulated tax, for the privilege of relieving
them from its payment in the future,
On the plea of contract, then, this lacks
the essential element of consideration. Let us
see if it 'stands any better with regard to fraud.
If doubts exist on this point, I refer gentlemen
to the report of the Committee of Investiga
tion appointed last session by this House ; and
they will there find the most irrefragible proof
that the Commutation Bill of 1861 was passed
by direct bribery. Senators and Members were
bribed by the agents of the Company to betray
the people and vote for a measure which they
knew to be repugnant to their wishes and in
open conflict with theirlest interests. At this
point, I must refer briefly to a remark made
by the gentleman from Cambria. He asks,
with a seeming air of triumph, ""did the peo
ple not know, when they elected the members
composing the Legislature of 1861, that the
question of the repeal of the Tonnage Tax
would be before that body?" I must be per
mitted to say that the gentleman was very
unfortunate in this allusion to the election of
1860. But., as he has asked the question, I
will answer it, and say, Yes, the people did
know that this question would be before the
Legislature ; and, in several of the counties,
they passed resolutions instructing their mem
bers to oppose the repeal; and, in other coun
ties, candidates gave solemn written pledges
that they would, by their votes and influence,
resist all attempts at repeal. But, sir, notwith
standing these resolutions of instruction and
pledges of candidates, these faithless repre
sentatives yielded to the tempter and voted for
the "Commutation Bill," And, sir, what was
the result ? At the election of 1861, outside
of the city of Philadelphia, where all are di
rectly interested in the Road—most of the
stock being held there, either by the corporate
authorities or by individuals—there was but a,
single member who voted for the bill returned
to this House ! And that was the gentleman
from Warren (Mr. Cowan). And I warn gen
tlemen to beware how they act on the present
occasion. Let them remember that the people
are honest, and will not tolerate those who
sanction by their votes such an enormous
swindle, consummated by such corrupt means.
If for no other reason, the act of 1861 should
be repealed in order to wipe out a stain upon
our statute book, which was "conceived in sin
and brought forth in iniquity."
Mr. Speaker, if such acts be permitted to
go unrebuked, then may we well despair of
the perpetuity of our liberties. If it be conce
ded that a corporation may buy up members of
the Legislature, and induce them to barter
away the revenues of the Commonwealth, in
order to enrich themselves, and there is no re
dress, then indeed is our condition most deplo
rable. And whenever that day arrives, for one,
I shall feel but little hope for the future. It
might well be asked, what would we have left
worth preserving ? But this cannot be. If it
.waaeompetent for the Legislature of 1861 to
pass the "Commutation Act," and that act be
irrepealable, what, I submit, would there be
to prevent us from passing a similar act in
reference to other subjects of taxation ? For
example Most of the bank and other corpo
ration charters contain a stipulation to pay cer
tain taxes on their capital stock and dividends
for the franchises conferred upon them. The
revenue derived from this source, the past year,
as shown by the Auditor General's Report, was
$,606,916.00 dollars. Now suppose these cor
porations had refused to pay. these taxes for
the past two years, the amount now due would
be about $1,200,000.00, dollars ; and suppose
we now had them before us, asking to be re
lieved from the payment of this tax in the fu
ture, and were seeking the passage of a com
mutation act for this purpose ; and that the
consideration they would offer, on their part
of the "contract," would be that they teiould
be discharged from payment of the $1,200,-
000, dollars, now due and unpaid. • That is,
we would be asked to surrendor to these corpo-