RATES OF ADVERTIMNG.
Four lines or less eonstitate half a seam. Ten llama
or more than four, constitute a square.
gisifaiv,oneday— .-- $0.26 One eq., 0ne51ay......-40.60
cc one wee's. —. 1.00 cc one week. —... 1.211
cc ono mouth— 2.00 cc one month ..- 3.00
cc three months. 3.00 " threemonths. 6.00
sixmontha— . 4.00 cc sismonths.— LLCM
cc
" one year—.. 6.00 cc one year. —. 10.00
irr Baldness notices inserted in the Usou. °Mans; or
before marriages and deaths, mn own ries LINZ for each
insertion. To meroltantaand others advertisizeg by theyear
liberates is will be mined.
irj- The numberof insertions must be desigulsteston the
twiltillmaut.
1:17" Marriages and Deaths will be inserted at the sem
sass regular advertisements.
Books, Otationtrp,
QMOI, BOOKS.—School Directors,
ur Teachers, Parents, Soholets, sad others, in want of
satho d Boo ks, School Stationery, &0., will And a complete
assortment at It. Di. POLLOCK & SON'S BOOK STORE,
„ turb o B s ave, Harrisburg, comprising in part the follow
in - Parker's, Cobb's, Angell's
aPILLLNG BOOKS.—McGelfey's, Cobbs, Webster's,
T o wn 's, Byeries. Combry's.
=GUSH GILUKKABS.—BuMon's,
_Smith's, Wood
isditrt Monteith" . Tuthill's, Hart's, Wells'.
TOBlNS.—fininshaw's, Davenport's Frost's,
eon's, Willard's, Goodrich's, Pinnook's, tioldamith's and
Clark's.
41111TH311111.0,8.--Greenleare, Stoddard's, Bmerson's)
l'ilte's, Bees's, Damn% Smith and Duke's,
ADGMBILAB.--Onis, Carle's, Dace, Bay's,
Briaphs.
DICPPIONARIS.—WaIker's Scheel, Cobb's
Worcester's Cmprehensive, Wercesters Primiiry,Walker,
Web.
eter's Primary, o Webster's S igh School, '
Webster's Quarto,
Madame.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHINS.—Comstorik,a, Parker's,
BlM's. The above with a great variety of others can a t
any time be found at my store. Also, a complete assort
ment of School Stationery, embracing in the wig le a com
plete outfit for scheol purposes. Any book not in.the store.
peocored st one days notice.
!Cr' Country Aierchanta supplied at wholesale rates.
AIMANACB.--dohn Baer and Son's Almanac tor
mat
sale ai
R. roLLOCit - s. WWI; BOOR STORM, nurrisburs
-117" Wholesale and Retail.
UPHOLSTERI NG.
C. F. VOLLIVIER
•
Is prepared to do all kinds of work in the
'UPHOLSTERING- BUS INESS.
Pays particular attention to MAKING AND PUTTING
DOWN CARPETS, MAKING AND REPAIRING MAT
TRASSES, REPAIRING EURNITUB.E, &e., &c. He
saux be forma st all times at his residence, in the rellS of
the William Tell ROOM, corner of Raspberry and Mack
berry alleys. sep29-dly
T . ETTER , , CAP, NOTE PAYERS,
LI Pens, Holder, Pencils, Envelopes, Sealing Wax, of
the best quality, at low prices, direct from *the manu
factories, at
mar3o SCHEPPEIVS CHEAP BOOKSTORE •
:LAW BOOKS LAW. BOOKS 11-A
-Li general assortment of LAW ROOKS, all the State
Reports and Standard Elementary Works, with many of
the olilllnglish Reports, scarce and rare, together with
a. large assortment of second-Lead Law Books, at very
low prices, at the one price Bookstore of
R. POLLOCK & SON,
myB r Market Square, Harrisburg.
Alisteltancono.
AN ARRIVAL OF
NEW GOODS
APPROPRIATE TO THE. SEASON!
BILK tuner' PAPER
PANS! ANSI"! VANS!!!
ANOTEKR. AND arLaardro LOT OF
SPLICED FISHING RODS!
Trout Plies, Gut and Hale Snoods, Grass Linea, Silk
and Hair Plaited Lines, and a generalassortinent of
FISHING TACKLE!
A GMAT 'mum or
WALKING "O.ANES!.
Which we will sell as cheap as the cheapest!
Silver Head Loaded Sword Hickory ' fancy
Canes! Canes! Canes! Canes! Canes!
KHLLES 7 S Dlttea -AND TANOY STOKE,
NO. 91 NANNET STRUT,
South side. one door east of 'Fourth street je9.
WE OFFEA TO
CIISTOMERS
A liew Lot of
LADIES' PURSE'S,
Of Beauslha pAy4o, snbstantlallymade
A Splendid lissortment of
GENTLEMEN'S. WALLETS.
A New' and3Elegant Perfume,
KNIGHTS TEMPILAMS' IBOQUET,
Put up in Cut Glass Engraved, Bottles.
A Complete Assortment old -
IR-ANDRA BOOTEE PRESUMES,
Of the beat Manufacture.
A very Handsome Variety of
.POWDBIt PUP" BORES.
SELLER'S DRUG STORE,
91 Market street
CANDLES!!!
PARAFFIN CANDLES,
- SPERM CANDLES, •
STRAMINE CANDLES,
ADAMANTINE CANDLES,
CHEsiICAL SPERM CANDLES,
STAR (summ) CA.NDLES,
TALLOW CANDLES
-A large invoke of the above in store, stud for sale at
sestanutity tout rates, by
WM. DOCK, SR., & CO.,
Opposite the Court House
janl
GUN AND BLASTING POWDER.
JAMES M. WHEELER,
HARRISBURG. PA.,
AGE NT FOR•ALL
POWDER, AND FUSE
IiLLIWITABTORIID BY
I. E. DUPONT DE NBMOLTRS Ss CO.,
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.
lEr A large supply always on hand. For sate at mann
lecturer's prices.
.31: i g asine two miles below town.
llOrders rec eiv ed
."6"
aAP I DEN SEEDS I I-A FRESH AND
COMPLETS assortment, just received and for sae by
feb2l . WK. DOCK, JR., & CO.
TUST RECEIVED—A large Stock or
el SCOTCH ALES, BROWN STOUT and LONDON
PORTER. For sale at the lowest rates by
JOHN H. ZIEGLER,
73 Market street.
Dann
F I B I ! FI S Hill
MACKEREL, (Nos. 1, 2 and 3.)
SALMON, (very superior.)
3EAD, (Mess and very Sae.)
HERRING, (extra large.)
GOD MOH
SMOKED HERRING, (extra Dig'by.)
SCOTCH HERRING.
SARDINES AND ANCHOVIES.
Of the above we have Mackerel in whole, half, quarter
end eighth bbls. Herring in whole and half bbls.
The entire lot 110W—DIRZOT FILM TEM ilsassissi and
will sell them at the lowest market rates.
sepl4 WM. DOCK, Ja., & CO.
CHAMPAGNE WINES!
BM DE MONTEBELLO,
BEIDSIECK & CO.
CHARLES 11R6SIECE,
GIESLER & CO., ANCHOR-SLLERY MOUSSEUX,
SPARKLING MUSCATEL,
MIMI& & CO.'S,
VENZENAT,
CABINET.
In store and for see by
JOHN H. ZIEGLER,
.41e24 73 Market atreet
HICKORY WOOD ! !-A SUPERIOR LOT
JJ. Jant reeeived 7 and for sale in quantities to suit pur
chasers, by JAMES AL WHEELER.
Also, OAK AND PINE constantly on hand at the
lowest prices. dcc6
VAMILY BIBLES, from 1$ to $lO,
.1: strong and bandaomely bound, printed on good paper,
with elegant clear new type sold at
inebal 50E10141103 Cheap nook`tve.
CRANBERRIES!II—A SPLENDID LOT
just received by
octiO
FOR a superior and cheap TABLE or
&MAD OIL go to
KELIKIVB DRUG STORM-
THE Frciit Growers' .Handbook—by
1 wAsnie—whousideand-retail at
Will BOHBFFBIPB Bookstore.
SPERM CANDLES. —A large supply
bj just received by
seplB WM. DOCK. Jx.. & CO.
VELLER'S DRUG STORE is the place
to Itail the text amortetuat bf Porte Wanatee.
WM. DOCK. JR., & CO
- ,
4:::-.-h-Ti• *‘:711.i1t771:::7--:''':7--------:77:-
Jf.7 ------ 7:-,--, . %
i
• .
* ' .
10 1'
. .
- • ' --- - 7-71,;: - . 4 - 1 - I..°' , _..,- .., ( I ' . -- - ,
. 1
-
II 1 il.' : - ,
;', . ! . . ----
, ,
~_
. .
VOL. 3.
tinzo of arautl.
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
WINTER TIME TABLE
amigiplamploom
FIVE TRAINS DAILY TO & FROM YELIDELNIII
ON AND AFTER
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26Ts, 1860,
The Passenger Trains of the Penusylvaniallailroad Cora
puny will depart from and arrive at Harrisburg as4l
Philadelphia as follows :
• EASTWARD.
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Harrisburg a
2.40 a. m., and arrives aiWest Philadelphia at 6.60 a. m
• NAST LIMB leaves Harrisburg at 12.55 p. m., and
arrives at West Philadelphia at 6.00 p. In.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Barrisburg at 6.16 p. m., and ar
rives at West Philadelphia at 10.20 p. in.
These Trains make close connection at Philadelphia
With the New York Lines. •
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, No. 1, leaves Harrisburg
at 7.30 a. in., runs via Mount Joy, and arrives at West
Philadelphia at 12.30 p. m.
HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION leaves Harris
burg at 1.16 in., and arrives at West Philadelphia at
6.40 p. m.
. ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, N 0.2, leaves Harrisburg
at 5.25 p. m., runs via Mount Joy, connecting at Dill 4
villa with MAIL TRAIN East for Philadelphia.
WESTWARD.
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Philadelphia
10.50 p. m., and arrives at Harrisburg at 3.10 a. at.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Philadelphia at 8.00 a. in., an
arrives at Harrisburg at 1.20 p. in.
LOCAL MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg for Pittabur
at 7.00 a. at.
FAST LINE leaves Philadelphia at 12.00 noon, and ar
rives at Harrisburg at 4.10 p. in.
HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves
Philadelphia at 2.00 p. m., and arrives at Harrisburg at
7.36 p. m.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves Philadelphia,
4.00 p. in., and arrives at Harrisburg at 9.45 p. m.
Attention is called to the feet, that passengers leaving
Philadelphia at 4 p. m. connect at Lancaster with
MOUNT JOY ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, and arrive
Harrisburg at 9.45 p. m.
SAMUEL D. YOUNG,
no23.dtf Sept. Bast. Die. Peanta Railroad.
INEW AIR LINE ROUTE
N-EW YORK.
fia
Shortest it Distance and Quickest in Time
BETWEEN .THB TWO CITIES OP
NEW YORK AND HARRISBURG,
VIA
READING, ALLENTOWN AND EASTON
MORNING EXPRESS, West, leaves New York at
a. m., arriving at 'Louisburg at 1 p. m., only 6X hours
between the two cities.
MAIL LINE leaves New York at 12.00 noon, and ar
rives at Harrisburg at 8.15 p. m. '
MORNING MAIL LINE, East, leaves Harrisburg
8.00 a. in arriving at New York at 6.20 p. m.
AFTERNOON EXPRESS LINE, East, leaves Harrill.
burg at 1.15 p. m., arriving at New York at 9.45 p. ns.
Connections are made at Harrisburg at 1.00 p. m. with
the Passenger Trains in each direction on the Pennsylva
nia, Cumberland Valley and. Northern Central Railroads
All Trains connect at Reading with Trains for Potts.
vile and Philadelphia, and at Allentown for Mama
Chunk, Easton, c.
Ne,,change of Passenger Cars orßaggage between New
York and Harrisburg, by the 6.00 a. sn. Line from New
York or the 1.15 p. m. from Harrisburg.
For beauty of scenery and speed, comfort and meow
!notation, this Route presents superior inducements to
the traveling public.
Fare between New York and Harrisburg, Flys Domains
For Tickets and other information apply to
7.7. ULTIMO, General Agent,
den Harrisburg.
1 1,IIILADELPHIA
Am)
READING RAILROAON
WINTER ARRANGEMENT.
ON AND AFTER DEC. 12, 1860,
TWO PABSENGER TRAINS LEAVE HARRISBURG
DAILY, (Sundays excepted ) ) at 8.00 A. 111., and 1.16 P.
M., for Philadelphia, arrivingthere at 1.26 P. M., and 0.15
P. M.
RETURNING, LEAVE PHILADELPHIA at 8.00 A.M.
and 8.80 P. M.., arriving at Harrisburg at 1 P. M. and 8.1.0
P. M.
FARES :—To Philadelphia, No. 1 Cars, $8.25; No. 2,
Oa same train) $2.75. •
/ABMS :—To Readinn $1.60 and $l.BO.
At Beading, connect with trains for Papering, Miners-
Tamaqua, Catawiesa, Ac.
POUR TRAINS LEAVE READING FOR PHILADEL
PHIA DAILY, at S A. M., 10.45 A. M.,12.80 noon and
8.43 P. M.
LEAVE PHILADELPHIA FOR READING at 8 A.
1.00 P. M.,11.80 P. M., and 5.00 P. K.
FARES:—Beading to Philadelphia, $1.76 and $1.45.
THE MORNING TRAIN FROM HARRISBURG CON
NECTS AT READING with np train for Wilkesbarrc
Pittston and Scranton.
For through tickets and other information apply to
J. J. CLYDE,
dels-dtf General Agent.
PHILADELPHIA
AND
READING RAILROAD.
REDUCTION OF PASSENGER FARES,
ON AND AFT ER MONDAY, APRIL 2, 1860
COMMUTATION TICKETS,
With 26 Coupons, will be issued between any points
desired, good for the holder and any member of his
family, in any Passenger train, and at any time—at 26
per cent, below the regular fares.
Pardee having occasion to use the Road frequently on
business or pleasure, will find the above arrangement
convenient and erroomicalf as Pour Passenger trains
run daily each wey between Reading and Philadelphia,
and Two Trains Os' •v between Reading, Pottsville and
Harrisburg. Or &Mays, only one morning train Down.
and one afterr err train Up, runs between Pottsville and
Philadelphia sae no Passenger train on the Lebanon
Valley Brawl. Railroad. •
For the above Tickets, or any Information relating
thereto apply to B. Bradford, Req., Treasurer, Philadel
phia, e the respective Ticket Agents on the line, or to
G. A. NICOLLS, General
Marla 27,1860.—mar284itt
N ORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY.
taItiMPIENIMEMPEN
NOTICE.
CHANGE OF SCHEDIIT.E.
SPRING ARRANGEMENT.
ON AND AFTER FRIDAY, MARCH 18T,1861 the
Pamenger Trains of the Northern Central Railway will
/owe Harrisburg as follows
GOING AgOrni:
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN will leave at.. 3.00 a. m.
EXPRESS TRAIN will leave at . 7.40 a. m
MAIL TRAIN willleavent ...... 'l.OO p.m.
GOING NORTII
MAIL TRAIN will leave at 1.40 r. m.
EXPRESS TRAIN will leave at 1-- —BlO p. m.
The only Train leaving Harrisburg on Sunday will le
the ACCOMMODATION TRAIN South. at 3.00 a. m.
For further information apply at the office, in Penn
Sylvania Railroad Depot. JOHN W. HALL, Agent.
Harrisburg, March Ist-4U.
DRIED BEEF--Au extra lot of DEIED
BEEF just received by
nob WM. DOCK. hi., & Co.
BURLINGTON HERRING !
Just received by WM. DOCK, Js. , &CO
oci
EMPTY BOTTLES 1 1 I—Of all sizes
and descriptions, for oafs tout by
ded3 WM. DOCK, JS., & 09.
HARRISBURG, PA., FRIDAY, MARCH 29, 1861.
Miscellaneous.
TAKE NOTI - C - E!
That we have recently added - io our already full stock
• OF S_RGARS
LA NORMATIS, •
HARIKARI,
EL MONO,
LA BANANA.
OF PERFUMERY
FOB TIM HASIDIM:OMER :
TURKISH ESSENCE) - -
ODOR OF MUSK,
LUBIN'S ESSENCE BOUQUET.
Pot 9119 HAIR: '
EAU LUSTRALE, -
CRYSTALIZED POMATUM,
MYRTLE - AND - VIOLET POMATUM.
Foe row Commixiini : - • -
TALC OF VENICE,• - ••
' • BOSE-LEAF POW-DER, - - •
NEW MOWN HAY POWDER,
" • - - BLANO DE 'PEALE&
OF SOAPS'
BASIN'S FIRMS./
MOSS ROSE ' -
smabrx,
UPPER TEN, •
:VIOLET,
NNW - MOWN HAY,
JOCKEY CLUB.
Having the largest stock and beat assortment of Toilet
Articles. we fancy that we are better able than our corn
p.etltore to get up a complete Toilet - Set at any price de
sired. Call and see. ' - • -
Always on hand, a FRESH Stock of WIGS, MEDI
CINES, CHEMICALS; &a , consequent of our re
ceiving almost daily additions - thereto:
KELLER'S DRUG AND FANCY STORE,
'9l Market Street, two doers Eset'of - Fourth Street,
eep6 "Sobth Side.
JACKSON & CO.'S
SHOE STORE,
NO. 90)i kIAREET STREET,
HARRISBURG, PA.,
Where they intend to devote their entire time to the
manufacture of
BOOTS AND SHOES
Of all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most fash
ionable styles, and at satisfactory prices.
Their stock will consist, in part, of Gentlemen's Fine
Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, latest styles;
Ladies' anti Misses' Gaiters, and other Shoes in great
variety; * and in fact everything connected with the
Shoe business.
CUSTOMER WORE will be particularly attended to,
and in all cases will satisfaction be warranted. Lasts
fitted tip by one of the hest makers in the country.
The long practical experience of the undersigned, and
their thorough knowledge of the businesS will, they
trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they
will do them justice, and furnish them in article tha
will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and dura
bility. [jang] , JACKSON & CO.
THE AMERICAN BYRON !
GUADALOUPE:
- A .TADE OF LOVE AND WAR..
A Poem in the style of DON XUAN, and equal in
spirit, matter and manner to that brilliant production
of the "BRITISH Bann." By a well known citizen of
Philadelphia, who served with distinction in the late
War with.Mesico.
PRICE SEVENTY-FIVM CENTS.
Bor sale at SCREFFER'S BOOKSTORE,
wort; • No.lB Market Street. Harrisburg. Pa.
A NEW FEATURE IN THE 61. 1 10 E
13 TRADE!!!
IMPORTANT TO HOUSEKEEPERS ! ! !
E. R. DURK BE & CO'S SELECT SPICES,
In Tin For s . u fned with Paper,) and full Weight.—
BLACK PEPPER, GINGER, NUTMEG, WHITE PEP
PER,- ALLSPICE, MACE, CAYENNE PEPPER,
CINNAMON. CLOVES, MUSTARD.
In this age of adulterated and tasteless Spices, it is
with confidence that we introduce to the atte'tion of
Wottseltieferit thesti - sullerior and genuine &Melee'. ' We,
guarantee them not Only ABSOLUTELY AND PERFECTLY
PURE, but ground from fresh Spices, selected and cleaned
by us expre,sly for the purpose, without reference to
cost. They are beautifully packed in tinfoil, (lined with
paper.) to prevent injury by keeping, and are FULL
WEIGHT, while the ordinary ground Spice? are almost
invariably short. We warrant them, in point of strength
and richness of flavor, beyond all comparison, as a sin
gle trial will abundantly prove.
Every package bears our TRADE MARK.
Manufactured only by E. R. LitrisßEE ec. CO., Now
York.
For sale by (feb27.] WM. DOCK, JR., & CO.
COA.LI COAL!!
ONLY YARD IN TOWN THAT DELIVERS
.00AL BY THE
P A TENT WEIGH CARTS!
NOW IS THE TIME
For every family to get in their supply of Cool fox the
winter—weighed at their door by the Patent Weigh
Carts. The accuracy of these Carts no one disputes, end
they never get out of order, as is frequently the cue of
the Platform Scales; besides, the consumer has the
satisfaction of proving the weight of his Coal at his
own house.
I have a large Supply of Coal on hand, e0^..7.. - :::t 4 ng of
S. M. CO.'S LYE.ENS VALLEY•COAL all slues,
LYKENS VALLEY do " "
WLLKESBAURE do. "
BITUMINOUS BROAD TOP do
All Coal of the best quality mined, and delivered free
from all impurities, at the lowest rates, by the boat or
car load, single, half or third of tons, and by the bushel.
JAMES M. WHEELER.
Harrisburg, September 24, 1860.—5ep25
SCOTCH WHISKY.—One Puncheon
of PURE SCOTCH WHISKY just received and for
Hale by
j 2
an
H ATCH & 0,0. ,
SHIP AGENTS
AND
COMMISSION MERCHANTS',
138 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
DEAt IN
FLOUR, GRAIN, PRODUCE, COTTON,
WINES AND LIQUORS,
TOBACCO AND CIGARS.
novB.4lBm
D YOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS,
PHILADELPHIA,
MANUFAOTORIC
CARBOYS, DEMIJOHNS,
WINE, PORTER, MINERAL WATER, PICKLE AND
PRESERVE BOTTLES
OF SVRItY DRSORIPTION.
H. B. & G. W. BENNERS,
0019-dly 27 South Front steret,
T. C 0 S TI!!
BOTTLED WINES, BRANDIES,
AND
LIQUORS OFEVERY DESCRIPTION"
Together with a complete assortment, (wholesale and
retail,) embracing everything in the line, will be sold at
cost, Without reserve .
janl WM. DOCK JR., h. CO.
VA.LENTINES! VALENTINES !!
A large assortment of COMIC and SENTIMENTAL
VALENTINES of different styles and prices. For sale
at • SCHEFFER'S BOOKSTORE,
feb9 18 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pa.
HAVANA CTGARS.—A Fine Assort
'Anent, comprising ri g aro, Zaiagozona, La Balza,
Bird, Fire Fly, Me%vine, La Berinto, Capitalio of an
sixes and qualities, in quarter one-ra-th and one-tenth
boxes, just received, and for sa le low by
JIMMIE. ZIEGLER,
jan3l. 73 Market Street.
f k 7 ELLER'S DRUG STORE is the place
to buy Dornivtin Marlicinwp
CRANBERRIES—A very Superior lot
la at 00t20.] WM. DOCK, Ja. & CO's.
JOHN H. ZIEGLER ;
73 Market street
Eke Vatriot rdnion.
FRIDAY MORNING. MARCH 29, 1861.
NATIONAL RESURRECTION.
From The Baltimore Bxclian*,
The statesmen and potentates of Europe who
sometimes parcel out a people among different
rulers as the exigencies of the hour may suggest,
have just been furnished with further evidence
of the fact that nations cannot be made and
unmade by merely changing their geographical
boundaries. The ties which a common race
and language establish among men, cannot be
arbitrarily dissolved; and though natural and
artificial barriers be interposed for years be
tween people of the same nation, the sentiment
of nationality will survive the lapse of time
and overleap all obstructions. if argument
were needed - to prove this, either Italy or
Hungary would furnish a case in point, for
both after a long period of subjugation, are at
this moment demanding that their respective
nationalities shall be recognized and respected
by the strangers 'who have for generations
exercised dominion over them. Austria has
striven in vain to obliterate the political land
marks which serve to distinguish the prbvinces
South of the Alps and East of the Danube,
from the hereditary estates of the House of
Hapsburg, but' the Italians and Hungarians,
though unable to resist the armies of their
German masters, have steadily and successfully
defied the efforts which have been so persist
ently made to mould their institutions into a
closer conformity with those of,,the Empire.—
But the late - outbreak in Poland shows still
more conclusively how difficult a thing it is to
destroy the vitality of a nation.
The inhabitants of that unhappy country,
though they lived for centuries under the worst.
conceivable government of their own, have
never abandoned the idea of its re-establish
ment; and though they have been for seventy
years incorporated with the neighboring na
tions, they have never forgotten for an instant
that they had a land and a name of their own.
Though since the first partition of their her
itage the odds have been hopelessly against
them; the Poles have continued, at intervals,
the desperate struggle for independence. Ten
years after the third and final partition of Po
land, in 1793, when the country was apparently
erased forever from the map of Europe, the
Poles flocked to the standard of Bonaparte, not
so much from a desire to battle against their
ancient enemies as to assist in the re-organiza
tion of their old republic. Cruelly disappointed,
and utterly crushed as they were, it might have
been conjectured they would have then submit
ted to what appeared to be the inevitable de
crees of fate. The unity of the nation had
been so long destroyed, and the strength of the
people had been 'so far broken, that it was
supposed the name of Poland would soon cease
to be known except in history. When, more
over, by the treaties of 1815, the larger portion
of the country was incorporated' with Russia,
and when the Czar gave, arid the Congress of
Vienna guaranteed it a charter, that was so
liberal as to challenge the approval of the most
enlightened statesmen, every one was satisfied
that all resistance on the part of Poland was
over forever. By that charter all sects were
placed, as to civil righte, upon a footing of per
fect equality ; the liberty of the press was re
cognized; the subject was exempted from ar
rest prior to judicial conviction; all public
business was to be transacted in the Polish
language; all offices, civil or military, were to
be held by natives alone; the national repre
ssntation was vested in two chambers, com
posed of senators and deputies; the judges
were to be nominated in part by the Czar, and
the rest were to be elected by the palatinates, -
the former being irremovable; and the class of
electors was made to include all landholders,
all manufacturers or shop-keepers possessing
a capital of ten thousand flo: ins, all rectors
and vicars, all professors and teachers, and all
artists or mechanics distinguished for talent.
Such were some of the provisions of this fa
mous, charter and it was thought that so liberal
a system,.espeeially when backed by the over
whelmiug power of Russia, would suffice to
quiet thenceforth the discontented Poles. For
some years after this there was peace. A
friendly historian 'writing of the period imme
diately succeeding the inauguration of this
charter, speaks in enthusiastic terms of the
prosperous and improving condition of 'the
country. But the old national feeling was too
strong to be repressed, and the inveterate
hatreds of centuries were rankling in the
breasts of the people. We need not show how
the desire for independence grew stronger
throughout the land, and how the hostility of
the people towards their conquerors became
fiercer as time rolled on, until the smouldering
fire burst forth. The struggle took place as we
all know, in 1830, and was short and bloody.—
The Russian legions swarmed across the fron
tier, and the Czar was soon able to announce
that " order reigned in Wasaw."
Thirty years have gone by, and another gen
eration occupies the place of that which then
succumbed to Nicholas, and no one has lately
dreamed that the Poles were likely to reassert
their claims to independence. But the out
break at Warsaw on the 27th of last month re
minded Europe that there once was a nation
called Poland, and that it is not altogether im
possible it may again demand recognition as
an organized power. How the trouble began it
is difficult to say, but the circumstances sur
rounding the affair give to it a peculiar signifi
cance. The excitement which prevailed prior
to the actual outbreak, the disposition which
the people manifested to rise in insurrection,
and the magnitude of the demonstration on the
day the obsequies of the slain were celebrated,
all these things give an unusual importance to
the affair, and show that it was not merely a
chance collision between the military and a
mob. This view of the matter is also confirmed
by the language of the various proclamations
and memorials which were subsequently ad
dressed to the public or forwarded to the Czar
by many of the leading citizens. One petition
to the Czar had been extensively signed, in
which the restitution of the charter of 1831 was
demanded ; and in a memorial from the city of
Warsaw appeared the following paragraphs:
" These events, the heart-rending details of
which 'we abstain from describing, were by no
means called forth by the subversive passions
of any particular class of the population; on
the contrary, they are the unanimous and elo
quent manifestation of sentiments dis Carded
and of wants ignored. * * * * * *
"Every inhabitant of this unfortunate coun
try entertains in his heart a deep-rooted senti
ment of nationality quite distinct from that of
the other people of Europe. This sentiment
resists the effects of time and of events ; mis
fortune, instead of weakening it, has strength
ened it * * * *
"Confidence cannot be restored. Violent
and repressive measures will be resorted to
without effect. This country, formerly on the
level of civilization with other European States,
cannot receive any moral or material develop
ment as long as its church, its legislature, its
public instruction, and its whole social organi
zation are deprived of the stamp of its national
genius end historical traditions."
The language of the above extracts furnishes
sufficiently explicit information concerning the
views and feelings of the Polish people. It is
pretty certain, however, that the late outbreak
will lead to no further revolutionary conse
quences at present. It is safe to predict that
long before the news reached this side of the
Atlantic the Czar had been able to announce,
as his father did on a previous occasion, that
"order reigned in Warsaw." But the late oc
currences there are nevertheless significant, and
should Hungary and
,the Venetian provinces
again essay to win, by arms, from Austria the
rights they have so long battled for, it is not
improbable that the Polish exiles may then be
summoned from earth's remotest corners to
make one more gallant struggle for the x edemp-
Lion of their nationality.
THE CRIME OF POVERTY—Hoto Prisoners for
Debt are Treated in England.—A moot extraor
dinary letter, signed "A. Debtor in the City
Jail," appeared in the Manchester (England)
Gnardian, which shows that the system of
prison discipline in that enlightened country is
scarcely less barbarous than that practiced in
the dungeons of Naples. In referring to the
letter, the Guardian says:
The writer avers that the prisoners for debt
are treated like "the vilest and most depraved
felons." They are not allowed to "sing, whistle
or laugh," and are liable to solitary confine
ment for several days,. with bread and water
diet, for the slightest offense against the regu
lations. When a debtor arrives at the jail, "he
is asked his religion, and told to sign a book,
which he does, under the supposition that he
is merely registering his religious belief; but if
afterward he declines to attend chapel, he is
told that signing the book was an undertaking
to attend, and that he must be punished for
refusing to do so. No matter that he alleges
he is a Nonconformist, and objects as a matter
of conscience." At this time of the year the
chapel (which is the same attended by the fel
ons in the jail) is intensely cold, but no excuse
for non-attendance is permitted. "An old
gentleman, during the present intense frost,
begged, in a beseeching manner, to be allowed
to stay away from chaped, stating that he was
seventy-four years of age, and that the cold
current that he was exposed to was too much
for a man of his years and infirmity. He was
taken before the Governor, who told him to
hold his hands by his sides while in his pre
sence. The Governor told him that., although
he stated upon entering the prison that he was
a Presbyterian, still, as he had signed the book,
he should sentence him to twenty-four hours
solitary confinement for refusing to attend
chapel. On being taken to his intensely cold
cell, he found that he was only allowed a small
piece of bread three times a day with cold
water."
The solitary cell is quite dark, and debtors
•are sometimes confined there for three days.
On Sunday week several of the debtors were
confined there for twenty-four hours, for not
getting out of bed till a quarter of an hour
after the regular time (seven o'clock,) though
it was quite dark, and no clock is allowed.—
One poor gentleman, who suffered terribly from
rheumatism, and was frequently compelled to
use crutches, begged that he might be per
mitted, while thus imprisoned, to purchase,
with his own money, such food and warm
drinks as his health required. This was re
fused,,and nothing but .bread and cold water
allowed. One prisoner passed tbree days in
this fearful cell for giving his wife a small
piece of bread, in order that his children at
home might see the quality of the prfson food.
Another, on county allowana, took and ate an
onion beyond his share, for which he had soli
tary confinement an d bread and water for three
days.
Such are the allegations made by the writer
of this startling letter, beside other complaints
of most arbitrary regulations as to visitors, by
which not only relatives, but even solicitors,
are to a great extent debarred from necessary
communication with the poor debtors. We
quote these statements as we find them in print.
Let us think for a moment of the terrible cold
of the last few weeks, and then ask - whether,
supposing the assertions are uncontradicted,
it can be permitted that any man, should have
the power of committing persons to unwarmed,
unlighted cells, without, proper food, whatever
their age or state of health, for trifling breaches
of arbitrary prison rules? This is England,
not Naples. It seems from this that the plea
sure ofinearcercition for debt in England is about
equal to that enjoyed in Italy.
MARVELOUS MAGIC—The Decapitation Feat as
Performed by an Eastern Jugsder.—l was a stu
dent of medicine in Paris in 1858 and, 1859,
' and in company with other Americans, tired of
the hum-drum monotonous life of the Quartier
Latin, I frequently roamed through the new
city, on the west bank of the Seine. Concerts
and operas, gardens and singing cafes, bazaars
and boutiques were all visited by us. One
evening, at early dusk, a party of us were
strolling through the Rue Richelieu. and when
near the Boulevards, our attention was drawn
to a flaming poster of an Eastern juggler, who
was performing at some hall on the Boulevard
de Temple. mong the things very wonderful
this man would cut off the head of a living
man, and would dzfy any one to surprise him
in the trick. Being considerably accustomed
to manipulating with the knife in the dead,
and being thoroughly hardened to all sights of
horror, we determined to go and see this won
derful necromancer. At, the hour appointed
we repaired to the hall, and obtained a seat
near the stage. After performing wonderful
tricks, the magician came forward and an
nounced as his last feat for the evening the
actual decapitation of a living man, apparently.
To prevent feelings of horror among the ladies,
he assured the audience it was , a trick of leger
demain, mere sleight of hand—that he did not,
in reality, cut. the man's head off. With this
explanation he invited any one in the audience
desirous of capital punishment to step forward,
promising speedy satisfaction. For some mo
ments no one appeared anxious for the honor.
At length a soldier, a private in the infantry,
stepped forward and signified his readiness to
be decapitated. There could have been, it was
plain, no connivance between the men. No
man dare assume the martial bearing of France
without authority.
Directing the man to divest himself of his
coat and neck-tie, or stock, the magician
brought out his instrument of death. It was
an enormous knife, resembling a ponderous
cleaver. He cast it down to show its weight,
and it left a large impress in the boards. There
was no deception in the weight of the knife.
He then made the man lie down, and placing
the soldier's neck far in the block, the magician
fixed a long handle to his enormous knife, and
proceeded very leisurely, and withSeavy, well
directed strokes, to chop the man's head off.
During this he merely lowered the foot-lights,
without obscuring the view at all. Cries of
horror and amazement burst from the terror
stricken audience, as with : every descending
blow of the huge cleaver the blood spurted
away. The man who was undergoing the ope
ration simply quivered through his lower limbs.
Soon the dismembered head rolled on the floor,
the bloodissued by jets from the cut arteries, and
the jawsdropped, while the eyes turned up in
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING,
1117NDLY0 lIIOEPTED,
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Tie DAILY PATRIOT AND UNION will be NOITOd to mu b
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Two Wszia.r will be published se heretofore; semi
weekly during the session of the Legislature, and once a
week the remainder of the year, for two dollart in 'ad
vance, or three dollars at the expirationof the year.
Connected with this establishment is an extensive'
JOB °MOE, containing a variety of plain and fancy,
type, unequalled by any establishment inthe interior of
the State, for which the patronage of the public is MO-
Halted.
NO. 177.
death. It was a horrible sight. The magician
then took the bleeding head by the hair and
passed it not more than three feet from our
party. It seemed to me a dreadful reality. I
almost expected to see a fierce gendarme seize
and arrest the murderer. Suddenly, but only
for an instant, the room was darkened. In a
second all was light again. And we saw the
magician busy at work, coapitating the head to
the bleeding trunk. Diligently he wOrked,
and for some moments, apparently, to no pur
pose. All at once, owever, he slapped' the
dead soldier smartly on the back; immediately
the man arose, felt anxiously around his nedk,
looked foolishly around and descended amid the
audience.
BRONZE MONEY.—A new bronze coinage his
recently been introduced into England; to re-•
place the copper coin made at the beginning of,
the century. It is composed of 95 parts of
copper, 4of tin and lof zinc. It is extremely' .
bard, which will diminish the wear and tear,
while the coppery smell of the old coin is ,
avoided. The government last summer con
tracted with Messrs. James Walls & Co. for the
b execution and delivery of this brow 'coin, of
"which there will be required, in two years and
a half the enormous amount of eighteen hun
dred tons. The production of this sum involves
the striking of upwards of 400,000 pieces per
day on an average, during the whole 'of two
years and a half. These pieces have to be
made up into about 60,000 rouleauz per day,
wrapped up inpaper, placed in separate cases of
the value of £1 each, and packedin strong boxes
of £2O each for delivery and distribution.
More than 40,000 of such boxes and 800,000 —
internal Cases are required. Thirteen screw
coining presses are employed fulfilling this
contract. They make from 60 to 100 blows
per minute, and are driven by the pressure'of
the atmosphere acting on a vacuum produced by
.4 steam engine.
"MILLEEISM" REVIVED.—Through many
parts of Canada the excitement in reference to
the " end" of the worldis being again revived,
and new prophets of the Miller school are
springing up, who assume to have discovered
that the Savioui's second appearance on the
earth will positively take place in 1868. Quite
a 'remarkable ledture upon the subject his
recently been delivered by the Rev. Mr. Baxter,
the Episcopal clergyman of Owendaga, C., W.
The reverend gentleman brought up quite a
series of data to defend his theory, meYl
tioned no less than thirteen different chrono
logical periods whose termini, according. to
the revelation, wont be brought to an, end in
1868. Mr. B. also advanced the idea that OhrSt
would come in 1863, and remain in his jildg
ment seat between heaven and- earth,' while
the one hundred and forty-four thousand were
sealed, when he would again -descend, .and the
seventh seal of the'revelation would be opened,
and the Milldninm begin. He said we were at
the last period of time alloted to the sixtirsetil,
and described Louis Napoleon as the anti-Christ,
referred to in the Revelations, as, setting np
himself in dominion over the whole earth.
In anticipation on the adoption and use of
locomotives on common roads, to the perfection
of which considerable attention has been oflate
paid in England, a bill has been introduced
into Parliament for their regulation. It enacts
that the weight on each,pair of wheels is not
to exceed one ton and a half. The use of loeo
motives destructive to highways or dangerous
to the public is-to be prohibited by the 'Secre
tary of the State, so as , to prevent excessive
wear and tear. The weight of locomotives
over county, parish, or suspension bridges' is
not to exceed 15 tons, and any dadiage is to be
made good. The locomotives are to mutate
their own smoke. Two persons are to, drive
and conduct every. locomotive, and red lights
are to be fixed conspicuously in front of loco
motives and wagons one hour after sunset tiiitil
one hour before sunrise. The speed ofloeoino
lives on high roads is not to exceed. ten miles
an hour, and through towns, cities, orvillages,
five. No locomotive is.to be used Within the
city of London more than 7 feet in width and
with wheels 6 inches wide.
DISOHDEBLY CONDUCT OF AN ENGLISH LAD.
—Lord Adolphus Vane Tempest, a member of
the British House of Commons, has been ma
king himself unpleasantly prominent in: Lon
don. A few weeks ago he was arrested,in.the
streets for stopping cabs and carriages, and
throwing cigars and money among "the crowd
which collected. When taken before the Ma
gistrate he began to sing an opera tune, beating
time on the front of the witness box. He was
sent to the house of detention in a cab,, under
'the conduct of o ffi cers. During the trip he
frequently spat in the faces of the officers, and
it was only with great difficulty, and by_the
display of great forbearance, that the ,officers
succeeded in their task. At the house of de
tention he continued so violent thatit was
deemed necessary to place him in a • padded
room, and he was subsequently sent_to a pri
vate-insane asylum:
The Empress Eugenie is said to be in a state
of perpetual terror about the condition .of
soul. Her mind is tottering. At one moment
she is for setting out on a pilgrimage to, the
Holy Land, at another she is absorbed in all the
miseries of spirit-rapping; then the Emperor
finds her in a state of nervous affection, as if
life were an absolute burden to her. The
priests have told her that Providence has, as
signed to her a grand role. It was for this that
she was rescued in that terrible hour of agony
when it became a question whether the,Ceosa-
Han operation must not be performed, and it
is for this she lives at the present hour. 'But
the poor soul is fairly bewildered with alLthat
is told her; and while she loves the Emperor
and her little child with her whole strength,
she is in doubt whether she ought not to desert
both—throne and all—for the sake of the
sacred Vicar of Christ.
A FIGHTING MINISTER. —The Miliraukie
Sentinel relates that the pastor in one of the
churches in that city recently bemne aware
that a young man of his congregation was
forming bad habits. Meeting the .stray lamb
one night in the streets with some dissolute
companions, the reverend gentleman attempted
to dissuade him from going further, but the
rowdies in company objected, and one of them
struck the parson. The fellow had reckoned
without his host. Ip a moment the clergyman
had thrown off his /coat and " sailed in." A
very brief space of time sufficed for hint to
" wax blazes" out of the crowd, and having
accomplished the feat, be quietly resumed his
coat, and with it his equanimity. He was not
molested, we presume. Whether he rescued
the object of his anxiety from the possession of
the 'arty, is not stated.
Several young ladies, and young men in
female apparel, residing in the neighborhood
of Livermore, Westmoreland county, Pa., were
recently taken before a magistrate, upon the
complaint 'of a young man residing in the town,
who alleged that the defendants, while return.
ing from a prayer meeting, threw him down,
and having daubed him with tar, applied feath
ers. The young ladies stated that he had
made use of offensive language concerning
them. The matter was arranged by the pay
ment of a small fine and costs.