RATES OF ADVERTISING.. Tour lines or less constitute half a square. Ten limn or more than four, constitute a square. llalfsq.,oneday--$.0.25 One , aq., one day.—....-40.50 c‘ one weer., 1.00 one week. .... 8.00 one mo nth_ _ .00 one Inonth Is cc three months. 3.00 " three months. 6.00 ct IREIRoothS—• COO L 4 sixteenths. -8.0 0 u o ne year.-- . 0.00 cc jeer__ 10.00 Business notices inserted in the Loom. OOLUWX,or before ~A g es and deaths, rum owns PER LIRE for sab insertion_ Tomercuantsau&Othersadvertieingbytheyear oast te. is will be offered. mg - The wunberof insertions mwd he designated on the ivertisement. la' Marriages and Deaths will be inserted at the same es as regnlar Advertisements. • Books, Stationtrp, Bzrc. QCHOOL BOOKS School Directors ; lj Teachers, Parents, Scholars, and others, in want of School Books, School Stationery, &c., will find a complete assortment. at R. M. POLLOCK & SON'S BOOK STOUR, Market Sitpiure, Harrisburg, comprising in part tke DRATIP.R3-Illciluffey's, Parker's, Cobb's, Angel's SPNLLDIG BOOKS.—McGuaby% Cobb's, Webster's, Town's, Byerles. Combry's. IiNGLIBEE GRALNIMARS.—BuIIion's, Smith's, Wood bridge S llionteith,s, HartHart's,Walla'. RLE.—Grimshaw's, Davenport's,Frost's, Wil ton's, Will'i ' e, Goodrich ' s, Pinnock's, oldsmith's and Clark's. ABITHMEITIC'S.---GreenlesPs, Stoddard's, Emerson's, Pik ALGEBRAS C - ol G tr r an ee e n 's l , e a S r m si,t h aDnadv ieDe's Davie's. Day's, Ray% Bridge's. DICTIONARYS.—WaIkees School, Cobb's, Walker, Worcester'S Comprehensive, Woreester's Primary, Web stees PriMary, Webster's H i g h School, Webster'a Quarto, Academic. NATURAL PHILOSOPHIES.—Comstock'a:, Parker's, Swift's. The above with a great variety (Weberscan at any time be found at my store. Also, a complete assort ment of School Stationery, embracing in thewhi le a cstore.om plete outfit for school purposes. Any book not in the procured et one days notice. Er Country Merchants supplied at wholesale rates. ALMANACS_—John Baer and Son's Almanac for sale al B. M. POLLOCK. & SON'S BOOK STORE, Harrisburg. /17. Wholesale and Retail. nevi UPROLSTEitI.N Cr. C. F. VOLLMER Is prepared to do all kinds of work in the UPHOLSTERING BITSINBSS.- Pays particular attention to HARING AND PUTTING DOWN CARPETS, MAKING AND REPAIRING MAT THAMES, ESPALRING FURNITUBB, ac., Jac. Ile csa be found Tell times at his residence, in the rear of the WiWaal ouse, corner of Raspberry . and Black septa-41v berry alleys, LETTER, CAP, NOTE PAPERS, Pe', Holders, Pencils, Envelopes, Sealing Wax, of the best quality, at low prices, direct from the manu factories, at mar2B SCHZETEIVS CHEAP BOOKSTORE T.AW BOOKS I o f LA LA W It W BOOKS I I-A State JJ general assortment OOK S all the Reports and Standard Elementary Works, with many of the old English Reports, scarce and rare, together with a large assortment of second-hand Law Books, at very low - prices, at the one price Bookstore of E. M. POLLOCK , 8B ON, Market Square, Harrisburg. I:g3 alistellantous. AN ARRIVAL OF - NEW GOODS APPROPRIATE TO THE SEASON! SILK. LINEN PAPER FANS! PANS!! FANS!!! ANOMIE AND SPLENDID LOT Of SPLICED FISIIING RODS! Trout Flies, Gut and Hair Snoods, Grass Lines, Silk Hair and Ha Plaited Lines, and a general assortment of FISHING TACKLE! A GREAT 'VARIETY OF WALKING CANES! • Which we will sell as cheap as the cheapest! Silver Head Loaded Sword Hickory Fancy Canes! Canes! Canes! Canes! Canes! KELLER'S DETIG AND FANCY STORE, NO. 91 EMMET STREET, South aide. one door east of Fourth street je9. WE OFFER TO CUSTOMERS A New Lot of • LADIES' PURSE-A, Of Beautiful Styles, substantially made A Splendid Assortment of GENTLEMEN'S WALLETS. A New andamegant perfume, KNIGHTS TEMPILARS,IBOQUET, Pat up in Cut Glass. Engraved Bottles_ A Complete Assortment of pi A NDXER 10 HIEN PERFUMES, Of the best Harnifsctore. A very Handsome Variety of POWDER PUFF BOXES. KELLER'S DRUG STORE, 701 91 Market street, CANDLESI .II PARAFFIN CANDLES, SPERM CANDLES, STEARINE CANDLES, ADAMANTINE CANDLES, CREMICA.L SPEER CANDLES, STAR (suensioa) CANDLES, TALLOW CANDLES. • A large invoice of the above in store, and for sage at unusually low rases, by Wht. DOCK, ye., & CO., janl Opposite the Court HMSO _ _ _ GUN AND BLASTING POWDER. JAMES M. WHEELER, HARRISBURG. PA., AGENT FOR ALL POWDER AND FUSE . YANUFABICRED BY L E. DUPONT DE NEMOURS dr, CO., WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. 117°A. large supply always on hand. For sate atmanu facturees prices. Magazine twolniles below town. irr Orders received at Warehouse. nol7 GARDEN SEEDS 111--A FRESH AND COMPLZTB assortment, just received and for sale by feb2l WM. DOCK, an., & CO. TUST ILECEIVED—A. large Stock of ct SCOTCH ALES, BROWN STOTFT and LONDON PORTER. For sale at, the lowest rates by H. ZIEGLER, 73 Market street. IMO FISH!! FISH!!! bucKEREL, ( Noo.l, 2 and 3.) SALMON, (very superior.) INNAD, Mess and very Sae.) HERRINOh, (extra , large.) COD DM. SMOKED HERRING, (extra Digby.) SCOTCH HERDING. SARDINES AND ANCHOVIES. Of the above we have Mackerel in whole, half, quarter and eighth bbls. Herring in whole and half bbls. The entire la DOW—DIREOT 780 X TIM 71811.88188, and will sell them at the lowest market rates. sepl4 WM. DOCK, JR., & CO. CHAMPAGNE WINESI DIIC DE XONTZBELLO, HEIDBIECB & CO., CHARLES HEIDSTECK, GIESLER & CO., ANCHOR-BILLER , MOUSSRUX, - SPARKLING MUSCATEL, MUMM & CO.'S, VBRZENAY, CABINET. In store aid for sale by JOHN H. ZIEGLER, 73 Market street, de2/J INTOKORY WOOD ! !-A SUPERIOR LOT A.LjUrit received, and for sale in quantities to unit pur e/mums, by JAMES M. WHEELER. Also, OAK AND PINE constantly on head at. the lowest prices. deth thy BIBLES, from 1$ to .$lO, lar6 ild and handsomely bound, printed on good paper, with elegant d ew new type, sold at mobil EICIIRPFB 6I43 Cheap Boohdlre. BERRIES ! ! !—A SPLENDID LOT vault CRAN BERRIES by VOR a superior and cheap TABLE or SALAD OIL go to !OLLIE'S DREG STORE. THE Fruit Growers' Handbook—by -a. WARlNG—wholesale andretail at metal SCHISINWS Booltetare. PERM CANDLES.—A large supply S R., juat received by otos Wl4. DOCK. Ja., & 00. yam. DOCK. YR., & CO . lik ...: --- , 0 „7 - -- - -=-_; - - •7 1 ,-.47.--%%10„,44ft, -,--.:„..-_,---:= Y:f-..:',,r•il''. . . ..., 11 , 1 - 1 1..1 i I Union. . sx',' --N.- 'iiiipk•-•*7 KI. - , ~- • • - • .• ----.-- :-. - 7_ ,- - - ----:.'-' . -.- ', 111 '1,.•, , 1 .......„ = i, , • , . .. ._.... _...., i VOL. 3. fitvo of Armlet. PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. WINTER TIME TABLE a EC gMMI liiiN FIVE MINS DAILY TO & FROM PRILIDELPRIA ON AND AFTER MONDAY, _NOVEMBER 26TH, 1860, The Passenger Trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad Cora pang will depart from and arrive at Harrisburg surg Philadelphia as follows : EASTWARD. THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Harrisburg a 2.40 a. in., and arrives at West Philadelphia at 6.50 a. as PAST LINE leaves Harrisburg at 12.56 p. an., and arrives at West Philadelphia at 5.00 p. m. MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg at 5.15 p. m., and ar rives at West Philadelphia at 10.20 p. m. These Trains make close connection at Philadelphia with the New York Lines. ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, No. 1, leaves Harrisburg at 7.30 a. an., runs via Mount Joy, and arrives at West Philadelphia at 12.30 p. m. HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION leaves Harris burg at 1.15 p. m., and arrives at West Philadelphia at 6.40 p. m. ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, N 0.2, leaves Harrisburg at 5.25 p. m., runs via Mount Joy, connecting at Diller. 'Ville with MAIL TRAIN East for Philadelphia. WESTWARD. THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Philadelphia 10.60 p. an., and arrives at Harrisburg at 8.10 a. an. MAIL TRAIN leaves Philadelphia at 8.00 a. m., an arrives at Harrisburg at 1.20 p. m. LOCAL MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg for ?Mahar at 7.00 a. m.' PAST LINE leaves Philadelphia at 12.00 noon, and ar rives at Harrisburg at 4.10 p. m. HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves Philadelphia at 2.00 p. m., and arrives at Harrisburg a* 7.35 p. m. ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leaves Philadelphia 4.00 p. an., and arrives at Harrisburg at 9.45 p. in. Attention is called to the fact, that passengers leaving Philadelphia at 4 p. an. connect at Lancaster with MOUNT JOY ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, and arrive Harrisburg at 9.45 p. m. SAMUEL D. YOUNG, n023-dtf Supt. East. Div. Persa , a Railroad. N EW AIR LINE ROUTE NEW,YORK. - . . - Shortest in Distance and Quickest in Time BETWEEN THE TWO CITIES OF NEW YORK AND HARBIBBURG, VIA REARM_ ALLENTOWN AND EASTON MORNING EXPRESS, West, leaves New York at 0 a. In., arriving at Harrisburg at 1 p. m., only 6X hours between the two cities. MAIL LINE leaves New York at 12.00 noon, and ar rives at Harrisburg at 8.15 p. m. MORNING MAIL LINE, East, leaves Harrisburg 8.00 a. m., arriving at New York at's.2o p. m. AFTERNOON EXPRESS LINE, East, leaves Harris burg at 1.15 p. m. r arriving Allow• York at 9.45 p. m. Connections are made at liarriabn,rg at 1.00 p. m. with the Passenger Trains in each direction on the Pennsylvn nia, Cumberland Valley and Northern Central Railroads All Trains connect at Reading with Trains for Potts. villa and Philadelphia, and at Allentown for Manch Chunk, Easton, &c. No change of Passenger Cars or Baggage between New York and Harrisburg, by tie 6.00 a. in. Line from New York or the 1.15 p. m. from Harrisburg. For beauty of scenery and speed, comfort and scam modation, this Route presents superior inducements to the traveling public. Fare between New York and Harrisburg, Frvs Domans For Tickets and other information apply to J. J. CLYDE, General Agent, Harrisburg. dels PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAILROADa WINTERARRAN G Elf ENT. ON AND AFTER DEC. 12, 1860, TWO PASSENGER TRAINS LEAVE HARRISBURG DAILY, (Sandayeexcepted,) at 8.00 A. M g and 1.15 P. M., for Philadelphia, arrivingthere at 1.25 P.M., and 6.15 P.M. RETURNING, LEAVE PHILADELPHIA at 8.00.A.M. and 8.80 P.M., arriving at Harrisburg at 1 P.M. and B.la P. M. PARKS :—To Philadelphia, No. 1 Cars, $3.25 No. 2, (in same train) $2.75. PARES:—To Reading $l.BO and pm. At Reading, donned with trains lot A'ottevi23, Mien. eine, Tamaqua, Catawiam, An. YOUR TRAINS LEAVE READING FOR PHILADEL. PHU DAILY, at 8 A. M., 10.45 A. M., 12.30 noon and 8.48P.M. LEAVE PHILADELPHIA FOR READING at 8 A. My I.OD P. M., 3.80 P. M., and 5.00 P. hi. P ARES :—Reading to Philadelphia, $1.75 and $1.45. THE MIMING TRAIN FROM HARRISBURG CON NEOTS AT READING with up train for Wilkeslbarre Pittston and !Scranton. For through tickets and other Information apply to J. 7. CLYDE General Agent. dels.dU PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAILROAD. REDUCTION OF PASSENGER FARES, ON AND AFTER MONDAY, APRIL 2, 1860 COMMUTATION TICKETS, With 26 Coupons, Will be issued between any points desired, good for the holder and any member of his family, in any Passenger train, and at any time—at 16 per cent, below the regular Well. Parties having occasion to use the Road frequently op business or pleasure, will find the above arrangement convenient and economical; as Four Passenger trains run daily each wry between Reading and Philadelphia, and Two Trains Of' w between Reading , Pottsville and Harrisburg. Or Sundays, only one morning train Down, and one after/err train Up, runs between Pottsville and Philadelphir and no Passenger train on the Lebanon Valley Brawl" Railroad. For the above Tickets, or any information relating thereto apply to S. Bradford, Esq., Treasurer, Philadel phia, • the respective Ticket Agents on the line, or to G. A. NIOOLLS, General Supt. Karel& 27, 1860.—mar26-dtf NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY. MiCARMAPPROME NOTICE. CHANGE OF SCHEDULE. SPRING ARRANGEMENT. ON AND AFTER FRIDAY, MARCH ler, 1861. the Passenger Trains of the Northern Central Railway will leave Hacrieb GOINGe : SOUTH. ACCOMMODATION TRAIN will leave at.. 3.00 a. in. EXPRESS TRAIN will leave at . 7.40 a. in MAIL TRAIN will lesiveat ...... 1.00 p. m. GOING NOI?TH MAIL TRAIN will leave at ... .. 1.40 p. EXPRESS TRAIN will leave at......p. m. The only Train leaving Harrisburg on Sunday will ve the ACCOMMODATION TRAIN South. at 3.00 a. in. For further inforoiation apply at the office, in Penn sylvania Railroad Depot. JOHN W. HALL , Agent. Harrisburg, March let-dtf. DRIED BEEF—An extra lot of DRIED BEEP jut received by no 9 ‘ WM. DOCK, Tn., & CO. BURLINGTON HERRING! Juit received by WK. DOCK, Ja., do CO ocl IMPTY BOTTLES !—Of all sizes HARRISBURG, PA., THURSDAY, MARCH 28, 1861. lilistellancous. TAKE NOTICE! Thst we have recently added to our already full stock OF SEGARS LA. NORMATIS, HARI KARI, EL MONO, LA BANANA. OF PERFUMERY FOR TME HAIMICHHOHIEF : TURKISH ESSENCE, ODOR OF MUSK, LUBIN'S ESSENCE BOUQUET, FOR THE EIAIR: EAU LUSTRALE, CRYSTALIZED POMATUM, • MYRTLE AND VIOLET POMATUM FOR TER COMPLEXION : TALC OF VENICE, ROSE LEAF POWDER, NEW MOWN HAY POWDER, BLANC DE PERLES OF SOAPS: BASIN'S BMWS MOSS ROSE, RENZOIN, UPPER TEN; VIOLET, NEW MOWN HAY, JOCKEY CLUB, Having the largest stock and best assortment of Toilet Articles, we fancy that we are better able than our com petitors to get up a complete Toilet Set at any price de sired. Call and see. Always on band, a FRESH Stock of DR UGS, MEDI CINES, CHEMICALS &e consequent of our re ceiving almost daily additions thereto. KELLER'S DRUG AND FANCY STORE, 91 Market Street, two doors East of Fourth Street sep6 South side. JACKSON & CO.'S SHOE. STORE, NO. 90X MARKET STREET, HARRISBURG, PA., Where they intend to devote their entire time to the manufacture of BOOTS AND SHOES Of all kinds and varieties, in the neatest and most fash ionable styles, and at satisfactory prices. Their stock will consist, in part, of Gentlemen's Fine Calf and Patent Leather Boots and Shoes, latest styles; Ladies' and Misses' Gaiters, and other Shoes in great variety; and in fact everything connected with the Shoe business. CUSTOMER WORK will be particularly attended to, and in all cases wilt satisfaction be warranted. Lasts fitted up by one of the best makers in the country. The long practical experience of the undersigned, and their thorough knowledge of the business will, they trust, be sufficient guarantee to the public that they will do them justice, and furnish them an article tha will recommend itself for utility, cheapness and. dura bility. [jan9] JACKSON & CO. THE AMERICAN BYRON! GUADALOUPE: A TALE OF LOVE AND WAR. A Poem in the style of DON JUAN, and equal in spirit, matter and mariner to that brilliant production of the "Burma 'Wm.' , By a welt known citizen of Philadelphia, who served with distinction in the late War with Mexico. PRICH SEVENTY-PITH ORNTS. Eor sale at SOILENFER , S BOOKSTORE, mar 6 No. 18 Market Street. Harrisburg, Pa. A_ NEW FEATURE IN THE SHOE TRADE!!! 1:1111.POICItANT. TO ROUSZLEEPSRS ! • E. R. DURK & CO'S SELECT SPICES, In Tin Poi' ~ined with Paper,) and fall Weight.•.. BLACK PLPPER, GINGER, NUTMEG, WHITE PEP PER, ALLSPICE, MACE, CAYENNE PEPPER, CINNAMON. CLOVES, MUSTARD. In this age of adulterated and tasteless Spices, it is with confidence that we introduce to the attention of Housekeepers these superior and genuine articles. We guarantee them not only ABSOLUTELY AND PERFECTLY PURE, but ground from fresh Spices, selected and cleaned by us expressly for the purpose, without reference to cost. They are beautifully packed in tin foil, (lined with paper.) to prevent injury by keeping, and are FULL wsiowr, while the ordinary ground Spices are almost invariably short. We warrant them, in point of strength and richness of flavor, beyond all comparison, as a sin gle trial will abundantly prove. Every package bears our TRADE MARK. Manufactured only by E. R. DURKEE & CO., New York. . or sale by r , 1 1 , 0 A L I Na_ For sale by [feb27.] WM. DOCK, JR., &CO ONLY YARD IN TOWN THAT DELIVERS COAL BY THAI PATENT WEIGH CARTS! .NO W IS TEE TIME For every family to get in their supply of Coal for the winter—weighed at their door by the Patent Weigh Carts. The accuracy of these Carts no one disputes, and they never get out of order, as is frequently the case of the Platform Scales; besides, the consumer has the satisfaction of proving the weight of his Coal at his own house I have a large supply of Coal on hand, con:, - =' , ag of S.ll. CO.'S LUKENS VALLEY COAL all sizes, LYKENS VALLEY WILICESBARRE BITUMINOUS BROAD TOP do AR Coal of the beat quality mined, and delivered free from all impurities, at the; lowest rates, by the boat or mu load, single, half or third of tons, and by the bushel. JAMES M. WHEELER. Harrisburg, September 24. 1.880.--sep2s SCOTCFI WHISKY.—One Puncheon of PURE SCOTCH WHISKY just received and for sale by jaa2 HATCH & CO., SHIP AGENTS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS:, 138 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, DEALERS IN FLOUR, GRAIN, PRODUCE, COTTON, WINES AND LIQUORS, TOBACCO AND CIGARS. note-dam D YOTTVILLE GLASS WORKS, PHILADELPHIA, MANUFACTURE CARROTS, DEMIJOHNS, WINE, PORTER, MINERAL WATER, PICKLE AND PRESERVE BOTTLES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. H. S. & 4. W. DEMURS, 0019-dly 27 South Front [claret, Philadelphia. AT COST!!! BOTTLED WINES, BRANDIES, AND LIQUORS OFRYERY DESCRIPTIONY Together with a complete assortment, (wholesale and retail,) embracing everything in the line, will be sold at cost, without reserve. janl WM. DOCK. Ja., & CO. VALENTINES ! VALENTINES ! ! A large assortment of COMIC and SENTIMENTAL VALENTINES of different styles and prices. For sale SCHEFFER'S BOOKSTORE, 18 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pa. feb9 HAVANA CIGARS.—A Fine Assort ment, comprising Figaro,Zaiagozona, La Saha, Bird, Fire. Fly, Etelvina, La erinto, Capitalio of all sizes and qualities, in quarter, one-filth and one-tenth boxes, just received, and for sale low by JOHN H. ZIEGLER, 73 Market Street. janBl., V ELLER'S DRUG STORE is the place rk to buy Domestic Medicines COAL!! d o ft 4 6 do. i `' JOHN H. ZIEGLER, 78 Market street. A very Superior 1 Eke 'patriot it - 'anion. THURSDAY MORNING. MARCH 28, 1861 SPRING. [From the Dublin University magazine.] A flush of green is on the boughs, A warm breath panteth in the air, And in the earth a heart-pulse there Throbs underneath her breast of snows. Life is astir among the woods, And by the moor, and by the stream, The year, as from a torpid dieam, Wakes in the sunshine on the buds; Wakes up in music as the song Of wood bird wild, and loosen'd rill More frequent from the windy hill Comes greening forest aisles along; Wakes up in beauty as the sheen Of woodland pool the gleams receives Through bright flowers, over braided leaves, Of broken sunlights, golden-green. She seeti . the ontlaw'd winter stay Awhile, to gather after him Snow robes, frost-crystall'd diadem, And then in soft showers pass away. She could not love rough winter well, Yet cannot choose but mourn him now; So wears awhile on her young brow His gift—a gleaming icicle. Then turns her loving to the sun, Upheaves her bosom's swell to his, And, in the joy of his first kiss, • Forgets for aye that sterner one: Old winter's pledge from her be reeves— That icy cold, though glittering spar— And zones her with a green cymar, And girdles round her brow with leaves; The primrose and wood-violet He tangles in her shining hair, And teaches elfin breezes fair To sing her some sweet eawnet. All promising long summer hours, When she in his embrace shall lie, Under the broad dome of bright sky, On mossy couches starr'd with flowers, Till she smiles back again to him, The beauty beaming from hie face, And, robed in light, glows with the grace Of Eden-palaced cherubim. 0 earth, thy glowing loveliness Around our very hearts has thrown An undimmed joyance all its own, And sunn'd us o'er with happiness. THE OIL REGION OF VIRGINIA A correspondent writing to• the Richmond Dispatch on the 12th inst., from Three Forks, Roane county, Va., thus describes his visit to that " oil region :" My road lay, for the most part, through a rough and uninhabited country, andjust before reaching the " wells," along a very high ridge from which a view of the country for many miles . around was obtained, away in the west, I saiiifieTising town. , Cabin after cabin ranged along the hill side, so new that you imagined they were as yet unoccupied. I was forcibly reminded of the ideas I bad conceived in regard to some newly discovered " digginS" in Califor nia. Presently we began to descend the ridge and wind: around its base, when all at once the solitutle,ef my long journey across the moun tains was exchanged for the bustle and hum of city lire.' I had always spoken to every man. woman and child I met in the road, but now I did trot think of it. There were squads of men stanclint in the muddy math, while ox carts, loaded with timber, were struggling along the deep ravines, and recently felled trees and split boariis lay on every side. I had never seen anything like it before; and as I got nearer the village I saw, not far off, derrick after der rickiwitb men busily engaged at the base and upon 'the top of them, boring for the precious oil. .My excitement quickened rapidly. I hastened forward, my horse throwing the muddy water from heels to head, until I found myself in the midst of the "wells," and soon at the door of a hotel, half finished, with no steps to the front door, so that it was necessary to enter the back way—the house being on a steep hill side, there was no difficulty. I never saw such a "mess," to use a vulgar expression, before—saddles, and saddle-bags, bags of beans, dried apples, peaches and pota toes, and barrels of flour, all piled up together in the passage and in the dining-room, amid mud and dirt. I looked' for a stable, but it had not been built—a shed for the present suf ficed. The bar-room, as usual, was crowded. But I must not trespass upon your readers, but give you, in as few words as possible, a de scription of the "wells ;" and first, as to how they are dug : After the rock is reached, a few feet below the surface, the machinery for dig ging is prepared—a scaffold, about thirty-five feet high, eight or ten feet square at the base, and about four or five feet at the top, made of four poles, united by scantling, is erected ; at the top of this is a "block," through which a rope is passed, by which the long "sinker," made of iron, pointed with steel, is lifted and let fall. After the well has been dug to a con siderable depth, rods are screwed on, thus lengthening the shaft; and, in order to lift it, a long pole is used, called a "scoop," (often 50 feet,) one end of which is fastened to the ground, and the other is attached to the top of the rod, by which it is lifted from the bottom. These rods are not more than two inches in diameter. The well is, therefore, very small— not more than three or four inches in diame ter. If you have seen poles used in raising water from wells, you will readily understand what I mean. The men (two or three of them) at the top of the scaffold swing upon the end of the pole to which the sinker is attached, thus thrusting it down, and "poking" the bot tom, followed by a metallic "click," and again letting go the pole, the sinker is again raised ; and so they continue, occasionally pulling up the apparatus to pump up the water and de bris. The cost of boring is about $1.75 per foot for the first hundred feet, and $2 for all beyond. Within a space of a half mile there are, about 150 "wells" either already dug or in process of digging. They begin on the little Kanawha, 200 yards or more below the mouth of "Burn ing Spring Run," and continue up the run to its source. There are only six or eight wells that . are yielding oil. All who have gone deep enough have been rewarded with success; not a single well has been abandoned. Perhaps four-fifths of the wells have been very recently begun. The progress made is from one foot to ten or fifteen per day. Some wells have been in process of digging for three or four weeks, but have not gotton more than 120 feet. The average depth is from 115 to 145 feet. Some persons have gone 200 feet without finding oil, but are not discouraged. Some dig on the hill-sides, but most of them in the bottom. I visited every well that was yielding oil. That of Llewellyn & Co. was yielding very rapidly ; often it produces one barrel per minute. Think of it ! I saw them filling seven barrels at the same time. A friend timed them, and they filled 14 barrels in 15 minutes—i. e., $l4O in. a quarter of an hour. This is making money after a fashion I never saw before. Th, oil barrel. The expense of getting it is a mere nothing after you once reach it. Sometimes it runs spontaneously, at other times it is pumped up. The flat boats (of which I saw upwards of 100) take it to Parkersburg in 24 hours.— Day before yesterday 2,000 or 3,000 barrels left the "wells" for that destination. The well of Lewellyn & Co. is much the most productive. There are several others that yield 30 and 40 barrels per day. Many of the wells are not worked for want of barrels. Barrels bring $2 apiece. The timber here is superb, and very abundant. There is a small cooper's establishment here, but no steam used. The oil is peculiar. I saw some when out here two years ago, at Roane Court House, ex uding from marsh which was black and viscid, somewhat like tar, but this is fluid, and of a bottle-green color, sometimes yellow, like molasses. Its specific gravity is about 40 de gress, water being 60 degrees. It is as liquid as the fluid which you burn in Richmond, and is used here in fluid lamps, and, I understand, does not smoke. It can, as you know, be re fined and made perfectly limpid. I learn this is done at little expense at several places on the Ohio, and also in New York, where much of it is shipped. The Parkersburg (Va.) Gazette, noticing the oil discoveries treated of in this correspon dent's letter says that two barrel factories are being built in that town, capable of turning out 400 barrels per day, and that at Burning Springs a factory is being erected to manufac ture 1,000 per day. GARTA AFTER ITS FALL-THE TERRI BLE EFFECTS OF WAR. Correspondence of the London Times GAETA, Feb. 23. * * * I went yes terday, for the last time, to take a long and minute survey of the battered place. I had hitherto found pleasure rather in - viewing batteries, roads, trenches and parallels, than in contemplating the havoc and desolation which were the result of those ingenious con trivances. I went over the ground with all diligence, nevertheless. Gaeta is not Gibraltar, the hill is not so steep, the rock not so firm, the batteries not so cunningly screened from view—above all things, the isthmus is not so long, the point of attack not so far removed, yet there is enough in the insulated ground, in the cramped up town, in the sandy isthmus, in the general look of one place to remind one of the appearance of the other. No part of the whole mass of town, fortress, and hill has entirely escaped the ravage of the artillery which thundered at it from the land side. Where the cannon-ball did not hit point blank, there the bomb-shell hit with dire effect. The besiegers reckon they fired, during the whole siege, about 56,000 shot; 13,000 in one day alone, the 22nd of January. It is hardly an exaggeration to say that you may almost tell the effect of each projectile ; you almost come to the conclusion that not one of them has been hurled in vain. The siege of Gaeta is, I believe, the first instance in which rifled cannon has been applied on a large scale to the battering of walls and bastions. The Piedmontese, as I told you, had reared 80 of these new war engines on their batteries, and no man who has not seen it can believe the havoc they have caused. I already described to you the condition of that part of the town I had already visited, that narrow slip stretching from the town gate to the Royal Palace. The houses in this part may be said to be either altogether blown away or struck up all of a heap ; the batteries lining the sea, before these houses, and even, in some instances, the case mates under them, are a mass of crumbling ruins. The Royal Palace, and the higher and lower town before it, are still standing; but there is hardly a building, lofty or lowly, whether jutting out or shrinking back, that may be said to be unscathed. I saw several villain ous holes through the roof of the Catholic Church, and more than one of its windows smashed out of all shape. As I ascended the hill, the road, the ground, the fencing walls, the whole mass nearly up to the summit Iva, here and there, ploughed up, leveled do*fi, torn asunder, destroyed, with a violence exceed ing all I could imagine as the effect of mere human contrivance. The whole hill, up to the foot of Roland's Tower, was strewn with pro jectiles. The round tower itself was hit in more than one spot. and, although a small battery of four rifled cannon, reared by the Neapolitans on the hill-crest, had not suffered, yet there was no evidence that no inch of ground within the peninsula of Gaeta might be considered as safe from the enemy's fire. -I walked half way down the hill to the Queen's battery, and there I may say one out of four of them were dismounted, and the parapets were everywhere greviously damaged; but I proceeded to the lower bastions, which had evidently borne the brunt of the attack, and there is no exaggeration in saying that the original design of the works is scarcely any longer to be recognized, so miserably the gabions, sandbags, walls, parapets, cannon, affuts and the ground they stood on , have been blown, and, as it were, winnowed together. I have seen such havoc caused in an Italian vineyard or garden by some furious hailstorm, where a few stumps of trees are all that remain of what was half an hour before a rank mass of luxuriant vegetation, but could not, I repeat, believe that a fortress or part of it could be "crumbled up as an old piece of paper" as I saw Gaeta yesterday. There is something bewildering, appalling in the sight of so ex tensive a wreck ; the buildings, storehouses, barracks, sheds, chapels, fountains, small suburbs, convents and churches which are scat tered here and there between and behind those lower bastions have been in many instances not only crushed and pounded to mere shape less fragments, to atoms, but they have been actually swept away. Stone or brick, iron or mud, the softest or the hardest material, equally gave way ; the projectile seemed to bring des truction with it in the very wind that encom passed it.. Its effect was not battering merely, but blasting. WAR TEM.—The Columbiad or Paixhan (pronounced payzan) is a large gun, designed principally for firing shells—it being far more accurate than the ordinary short mortar. A mortar is a very short cannon, with a large bore, some of them thirteen inches in diameter, for firing shells. Those in use in our army are set at an angle of 45 deg., and the range of the shell is varied by altering the charge of pow der. The shell is caused to explode at just about the time that it strikes, by means of a fuse, the length of which is adjusted to the the time of flight to be occupied by the ball, which, of course. corresponds with the range. The accuracy with which the time of the burn ing of a fuse can be adjusted by varying its length is surprising, good artillerists generally succeeding in having their shells explode al most at the exact instant of striking. In load ing a mortar, the shell is carefully placed with the fuse directly forward, and when the piece is discharged, the shell is so completely envel oped with flame that the fuse is nearly always fired. The fuse is made by filling a wooden cylinder with fuse powder, the cylinder being of a sufficient length for the longest range, to be cut down shorter for shorter ranges, as re quired. A Dahigre n gun is an ordinary can- PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING, SUNDAYS EXOEPTRD, BY 0. BARRETT & CO TIN DAILY PATRIOT AND 'UNION will be served to Sill scribers residing in the Borough for six CENTS PIE WS= payable to the Carrier. Mail Enbscribere, sous nol. LASS PEE ANNUAL THE WEEKLY will be published as heretofore, semi. weekly during the session of the Legislature, and once a week the remainder of the year, for two dollars in ad vance, or three damns at the expiration of the year. Connected with this establishment is an extensive JOB OFFICE, containing a variety of plain and fancy type, unequalled by any establishment in the interior of the state, for which the patronage of the public is so. ['cited. NO. 176. breech for some three or four feet, when it ta pers down sharply to less than the usual size. This form was adopted in consequence of the experiments of Captain Dahlgren, of the 11. B. Navy, having shown that when a gun bursts, it usually gives way at the breech. The Niag ara is armed with these guns, and at the Brook lyn Navy Yard there are sixty, weighing about 9,000 pounds each, and six of 12,000 pounds weight each, the former of which are capable of carrying nine inch. and the latter a ten inch shell a distance dame or three miles ; and there is one gun of this pattern which weighs 15,916 pounds, and is warranted to send an eleven inch shell four miles. A casemate is a stone roof to a fort, made sufficiently thick to resist the force of cannon balls, and a casemate gun is one which is placed nailer a casemate. A Barbette is one which is placed on the top of the fortification. An embrasure is the hole or opening through which guns are fired from for tifications. Loop holes are openings in walls to fire musketry through.—Scientific American.. THE YELVERTON CAM—After giving an out line of the story, the London Times comments on the ease Such is an outline of this extraordinary case, and in weighing the evidence on either aide it is difficult to pronounce a judgment. There are some improbabilities in the lady's story, especially as regards the alleged Scotch mar riage ; but on this and other important points she was well corroborated by facts and witnes ses, and during a long and severe examination she was not shaken in a single particular. In finding for her the jury have probably come to a sound conclusion, though their verdict can have no effect on the principle point in issue. On the other hand, the case of Yelverton was obviously antecedently improbable, and that in a very remarkable degree. It rested in the main on his own statements, with every possi ble motive for fasehood ; and it broke down in its vital point—the assertion of a cohabitation forr-a fortnight before the marriage in Ireland. As regards the actors in this woeful drama, it is easy to form an estimate of them. The man who, in his own words, conceived "the idea" of a systematic seduction—committed, if we may credit himself, a most abomniable outrage on a lady who had just been the guest of his superior officer—profaned a solemn and most holy rite for the vile purpose of fraud and sensuality—abandoned his victim in the hour of her peril, with hints about " avoiding an event" which may well bear a terrible inter pretation—and finally crowned the climax of his deeds by ruining, through his contact. another woman—we may leave to his self-in flicted misery. With his own counsel, we simply give him up, and can only suppose, in the pub lic interest, that his name will soon disappear from the army list. But what shall we write about his partner in this dark history of folly and ruin, who now floats a wreck on a sea of misfortunes by reason, in part, of her own fail ings, and whose very success must cause her the keenest anguish? We may lament her wrongs and sufferings, but cannot conceal from ourselves the fact that they principally arise from her own misconduct. Let us take it that she was technically chaste, and that she never cohabited with Yelverton till after the secret marriage in Ireland. But was her behavior, even from the first, in accordance with femi nine propriety, and is ijnot plain that through all these years it was she who was really fol. lowing Yelverton, not Yelverton who was seek ing her in marriage ? This, indeed, is the only possible plea which can be urged in excuse of his misdeeds. INTER-STATE " CHICKEN" DISPUTE BETWEEN KENTUCKY AND MICHIGAN.—The great cock fight, for a stake of $l,OOO, between twenty-one cocks from Louisville, Kentucky, and the same number from this city, was fought yesterday at the German Theatre, The building was crow ded during the entire day, and great excite ment prevailed. The entertainment was one which is not often witnessed, and the desire to see it was very great, although the zest was materially lessened by the unqualified defeat which the Detroit side experienoed. To un derstand the contest some explanation will be necessary, although we entertain serious doubts in regard to our competency as an expounder of cock-fighting technicalities. Twenty-one birds are produced on each side, which are weighed and matched, those which come within two ounces of each other being pit ted together. Those which match are said to "fall in." Of the twenty-one pairs seventeen fell in which constituted seventeen battles for the main, the majority of which took the stake of $l,OOO. In addition to this there was the bat tle money of $25 on each fight, making, where the contest all went all one way, as this one did, a very respectable sum. The crowd was mixed. There were alder men, professional gentlemen, public function aries of high and low degree, men of leisure, shirtsleeve fellows, and roughs, with a sprink ling of countrymen and John Bulls. The fighting was done on scientific principles, but we demur to a scientific description, as such an effort would certainly result in a disastrous failure. The cocks were brought in, two at a time, and, after preliminary preparaticina, were placed in the ring and allowed to fight until one gave up from weakness or was killed. The latter contingency resulted in numerous in stances. The sharp steel gaffs occasionally penetrated a vital part, and ended a battle be fore it was fairly begun. Louisville won steadily, until, at 4 o'clock, the main was de cided in its .favor, the score standing nine to two. The fighting was kept up steadily from 10 o'clock in the forenoon until the decision was rendered.--Detroit Free Press, 20th inst. PAT BETTERING HIS INSTRUGTIONS.-A lady and gentleman recently married, in the neigh borhood of Nottingham, left home in their own carriage for a bridal tour among the Cumber land lakes. In order to avoid the curiosity at tracted by persons in the honeymoon the gen tleman gave his Irish footman the strictest charge not to tell any one on the road that they were newly married, and threatening to dismiss him instantly if he did. Pat promised implicit obedience; but on leaving the first inn on the road, next morning, the happy couple were much astonished and annoyed to find the servants all assembled, and pointing to the gentle Man, mys teriously exclaiming, " That's him ; that's the man." On reaching the next stage, the indig nant master told Murphy he must immediately discharge him, as he had divulged what he im pressed upon him as a secret. "Phase your hon our," says Pat, "what is it you complain of?" You rascal," exclaimed the angry master, "you told the servants at the inn last night that we were a newly married couple." ",Och, then, be this and be that," said Pat, brighten ing up in anticipated triumph, " there's not a word of truth in it, yer honour ; sure I tould the whole kit of them, servants and all, that you wouldn't be married for a fortnight yet!" FOR TEE SOUTBERN CONFEDEBACY.—The Louis Republican learns that an agent of the Southern Confederacy has chartered the steamer H. D. Bacon, of that port, to go to Alton, Illi nois, and take in a load of provisions, consist= ing of corn, wheat, pork &c., to the amount of 600 tons. The cargo is destinel for Florence,
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