--,----,--
RATES OF ADVERTISING
YOU lines or tees constitute half a equate. Van WM
or more than four, constitute a square.
offsti.,oneday— ... $0.25 One sq., one day.---- 40 . 80
i
64 one wect.__... 1.00 1, one week. --. 1.26
ci one month— 2.00 g, ono month. 8,00
te three months. 5.00 it three months. b.OO
tz Et ii: months.— 8.00
it e
it o ne
months— 4.00
year —.. coo «one year.— 10.00
cr . Business notices inserted in the 1.404 L Comm, or
before marriages and deaths, ,Iys (IBM PER LINZ for each
insertion, To merc h an t others advertisingby the yen
tibereltem is will be offer ed.
/Cr The numberofinsertions must be designetedon The
itrertisement ,
ET Pdarriagee sod
se Deaths will be inserted at the sabill
emus regular advertiments.
Vorako, Otediotterp, Bt.c.
acgOOL BOOKS.--School Director!! !
Teachers Parente, Scholars , and other*, in want of
school Books: School Stationery, &0., will Sod a complete
Revetment at B. M. POLLOCK & BON'S BOOK STOKB,
m ar gin Ware, Harrisburg, comprising in part the follow
ing— _
mADEBS. —McGriffer a, Parker's, Cobb's , Angell's
SPBLLING BOOKS.—McGuffers, Cobb's, Webster's,
Town's, Byerly's_ Combry's.
INGLISH. Smith's, Wood
bridge's, Mouteith,s, Hart'e,
HISTORLBS.--Grimshaw's, Davenport's, Frost's, Wand
il
son's, Willard's, Goodrich's, Pinnock's, Coldsmlth's
Clark's.
ABITITHITICIB...ftreenIcars, Btoddard's Emerson's,
Pike's, Bose's, Coburn's, Smith and Duke% Davies.
ALGIBRAS.--Oresulears, Davies, Day's,Bay's,
Bridge's.
DIOTIONARTS. —Walker's School, Cobbs,Walker,
Worcester's Cleisprshonsiseg Wereecterle 2 ster's Primary, Webster's High Behan, Webster's quarto,
Academic.
NATURAL PMLOSOPHIK3.--Coinstook'n, Parker's,
SwltVg, The above with a great variety of others can at
any time be found at my atom_ ALM, a nomplet• assort
ment of School Stationery, embracing in the win le a com
plete °atilt for school pnrposes. Any book not in the store.
procured it one days notice.
irr Country Merchants supplied at wholesale rates.
ALMANACS.--.lohn Baer and Son's Almanac for sale el
IL M. POLLOCK & SONT BOOK STOKE, Harrisburg.
Kr Wholesale and Retail. myl
JUST RECEIVED
ILT
SCHBFFER'S BOOKSTORE„
ADAMANTINE L TES
oir VARIOUS SIZES AND PRICES,
-Which, for beauty and use, cannot be ssoORAI.
REMEMBER THE PLACE,
SCHEFFER'S BOOK,S±DR.B,
NO. IS MARKET. STREET. mart
_
N E W B p _ o
K. s 1
.TIIST RBOBIVRD
EgszAT, sislD SAY," by the author of " Widc, Wide
World," "Dollars awl Cents," &c.
' , HISTORY OP METHODISM," by A. Stevens, LL.D.
For sale at 13OREPPERS' BOOKSTORE,
ap9 No. IS Marke
JUST RECEIVED,
A LARME AND SPLENDID ASSORTMENT OP
Bicirtio GILT AND ORNAMENTAL
WINDOW CURTAINS,
PAPER BLINDS,
Of ThriOllB Defigns and Colon, for 8 cents,
TISSUEPAPER AND CUT FLY PAPER,
At [m3 o 24] SOMMER'S BOOKSTORE.
WALL PAPER? WALL PAPER I
Jost received, our Spring Stock of WALL PAPER,
BORDERS, FIRE SCREENS, &c., &c. Itis thelargest
Ind best selected assortment in the city, ranging in price
from six (0) cents up to One dollar and &quarter ( $1,20.)
As we purchase very low for cash, we are prepared to
sell at as low rates, if not lower, than can be had else
where. If purchasers will call and examine, we feel
confident that we can please them in respect to price
and quality. E. M. POLLOCK tic SON,
Below Jones' House, Market Square.
LETTER, CAP, NOTE PAPERS,
pm, Rolders, Pencils, Ignvelopeadisalbagarai. of
the beat quality, at IoW prices, direct from au Mann
factories, at
Inar3o SUKBPPER'S CHEAP BOOKSTORE
..ALW BOOKS I LAW BOOKS I-A
.11
general assortment of LAW BOONS, all the State
Reports and Standard Blementary Works, with many of
the old English Reports, scarce and rare, together with
a large assortment of second-hand Law Books, at very
low prices, at the one price Bookstore of
E. Id. POLLOCK & SON,
myll Market Square, Harrisburg.
Alisttlianteuz.
AN ARRIVAL OF
NEW GOODS
APPROPRIATE TO THE SEASON!
SILK LINEN PAPER
SANS! FANS!! PANS!!!
AZIOTBER AND SPLENDID LOT OW
SPLICED FISHING RODS!
'front Flies, lint and Hair Snoods, Grass Lines, Silk
and Hair Plaited Lines, and a general assortment or
FISHING TACKLE!
A GROAT VARIETY OP
WALKING CANES!
Which are will sell as cheap as the cheapest!
Silver Head Loaded Sword Hickory Fancy
Caned Canes! Canes! Canes! Canes!
KELLER'S DRUG AND FANCY STORE,
91 KAPUT STREET,
South aide, one door east of Fourth street je9.
Tt 3. HARRIS,
WORKER IN TIN,
SHEET IRON, AND
METALLIC ROOFING-,
&mond Street, befew C
11A Aesenuf,
.RRISBITRG, PA.
ls prepared to fill orders for aify. article lu hie branch of
business ; and if not on hand, he will make to order on
short notice.
METALLIC RO OFING, Of Tin or Galvanized lron,
eoustautly con hand.
Also, Tin and linnet-hen Ware, SpoUting, &e
He hopes, by strict attention to the wants of his custo
mers, to merit and receive a generous share of public pat.
=me.
EP" Avery premise strictly fulfilled.
B. J. HAMM%
jarff-dlyi Second Street, below. Chestnut.
1 1 1.81111 IS H///
DLACKEBEL, (Nos.l, 2 and 8.)
SALMON, (very superior.)
MAD, (Mesa and very tine.)HERRING, (extra large.)
COD FISH.
SMOKED HERRING, (extra Digby.)
SCOTCH KERBING_
SARDINES AND ANCHOVIES.
Of the above we have Mackerel in whole, half, quarter
and eighth has. Herring in whole and half bbla.
The entire lot new—nrasor saws tug 711311BILIES, and
will sell them at the lowest market rates.
sepl4 WM. DOCK, lA., SG CO.
CHAMPAGNE WINES!
DUO DE MONTBBELLO,
lIREDStSCR k. CO.,
ORABLES HEIDSIECN,
eIEELEE & CO., Aricuou—smmor moussEux.,
SPARKLING RITSCATEL,
Kumla & CO.'S
VERZENIY,
CABINET.
In store lad for sale by •
JOHN ri ZIMGLRR,
18 Market street,
de2o
TriCKORY WOOD ! summit. LOT
AA Just mailed, and for sale ba quantified to snit pnr
ettsserscby JI►HEB N. WILIERLDR.
OAK AND PINE constantly on band at the
lowest prices. dece
FAMILY BIBLES, from 1$ :to 610,
Axing and haodsoundy boned, printed on good paper,
with •loont &ear new type_oold at -
whin • tionsrrxwo Oben, Boolotlre:-
CgANBERRIES I I l-A SPLEi4OU) LOT
ruet received by
'HAIG
VOR a superior and cheap T.A. or
BALAD OIL go to
KRUM DRUG sTonm,
TREFruit Growers' Handbook—by
WARlNG—wholesale and retail at _
9011101/11W8 Bookstall.
SSPERM CANDLES. --;-A large' =play
inn received by . .
itplB WM. *Mt;iL & Cet
VKLLER'S DRUG MILE iho place
to Ma the bentanortinent of torts MOWN'
ON AND AFTER
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26ru, 1860,
The Passenger Trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad Cora
pany will depart from and arrive at Harrisburg and
Philadelphia as follows :
EASTWARD.
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves Harrisburg a
2.40 a. in., and arrives atWest Philadelphia at, 6.50 a.m
FAST LINE leaves Harrisburg at 12.55 p. m., and
arrives at Welit Philadelphia it 6.00 9.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg at 5.15 p. m., and ar.
rives at West Philadelphia at 10.20 p. m.
These Trains make close connection at Philadelphia
with the New York Lines. - -
• AOCOMI4OpATION TRAIN, No. I,leaves Harrisburg
at 7.80 a. in, runs via Mount .Tuy,,and ,arrives at West
Philadelphia at 12.30 p. sz.
HARRISBURG- ACCOMMODATION leaves Harris
burg at 1.15 p. in., and arrives at West Philadelphia at
6.40 p. m.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, N 0.9., leaves Harrisburg
at 5.25 p..m., runs via Mount Joy, connecting at Diller
villa with MAIL TRAibtlest. for Philadelphia.
WESTWARD. • -
THROUGH EXPRESS TRAIN leaves P 1111114014
10.50 p. m., and arrives at. Harrisburg at 3.10 a. in.
MAIL TRAIN leaves Philadelphia at 8.00 a. in., an
arrives at Harrisburg at 1.20 p. 13,
LOCAL MAIL TRAIN leaves Harrisburg for Pittsbut
at 7.00 a. m. •
•. .
FAST LINE leaves Philadelphia at 12.00 noon, and as
rives at Harrisburg at 4.10 p.
HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION' TRAIN leaves
Philadelphia at 2.00 p. m., and arrives:at Harrisburg at
7.35 p. m.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN leticiAs Philadelphia
4.00 p. in., and arrives at Harrisburg at 9.45 p. in.
Attention is called to the fact, that passengers leaving
Philadelphia at 4 p. M. awned; 14 Lancaster with
MOUNT JOY ACCOMMODATION TRAIN, and arrive
Harrisburg at 9.45 p. m.
SAMUEL D. vouNG,
n023-dtf Supt. East; Dso. Pe,&a
WM. DOCK. Js., do 00
VOti ,-- 4 ,•'. ---- r7 ==-L'' --= ' -. ' ;7.-____ .
, • T .. ,
,__.
_, :_, :i . " ..„ - ,
~ " . ..1 . „,
,- , _ i . l
ic l 1
r i . 1 I ! I : 1 .. :1.1 ._:4 1 ' -' -- f --_- ;::: : F_ . -- :
• '
t
-_-,----„...-...'"'-.....,(..f, ii-1,L.....-11:.
1..1' . ''.
1 . i_ • .
, t . , ' , , . : . I ;
-
- " ..
''
- . - • -4,
All
U . I 0 n•
VOL. 3.
tinzo of eraud.
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
WINTER TIME TABLE
iIiMPAMILS
ME TRAINS DAILY TO dr, FROM PIIILADELPHIA
NEW AIR LINE ROUTE
TO
NEW. YORK.
.•
77.7
7 . Z.:17.3 - • aa
Shortest in Distance and
_Quickest in Time
BETWEEN THE TWO CITIES OF
NEW YORK AND HARRISBURG,
VIA
READING, ALLENTOWN AND EASTON
MORNING Exploos, West, leaves New York at 6
a. in., arriving at Harrisburg at Ip. in., oniy 6, hours
between the two cities.
MAIL LINE leaves New York at 12.00 noon, arid sr
rives at Harrisburg at 8.15 p. m.
MORNING MAIL LINE, East, leaves Harrisburg
8.00 a. in., arriving at New York at 5.20 p. m.
AFTERNOON EXPRESS LINE, East, leaves Harris•
burg at 1.15 p. m., arriving at New York at 9.45 p. m.
Connections are made at Harrisburg at 1.00 p. m. with
the Passeager Trains in each dieeetianwathaPasseylvve
nia, Cumberland 114107 and Northern Central Railroads
All Trains connect at Reading with Trains for Potts
ville and Philadelphia, and at Allentown for Hanoi'
Chunk, Easton, &o.
No change of Passenger Cars or Baggage between New
York and Harrisburg, by the 6.00 a. in. Line from New
York or the 1.15 p. m. from Harrisburg.
For beauty of scenery and speed, comfort and accom
modation, this Route presents superior inducements to
the traveling public.
Fare between New York and Harrisburg, Fun DOLLAZB
For Tickets and other information apply to
J. a. CLYDE, General Agent,
dels Harrisburg.
f)HILADELPHIA
AND
READING RAILROAD
WINTER ARRAN G EMENT.
ON AND AFTER DEC. 12, 1860,
TWO PASSENGER TRAINS LEAVE HARRISBURG
DAILY, (Ssuiaysimepted,) at 8.00 A. M., and 1.15 P.
M., for Philadelphia, arrivingtherc at 1.25 P. M., and FLU
P. M.
RETURNING, LEAVE PHILADELPHIA at 8.00 A.M.
and 8.00 P . M., arriving at Harrisbarg at 1 P. M. and B.la
P.M.
FARES :—To Philadelphia, No. 1 Care, $3.25 No. 2,
(in same train) $2.75.
it ARMS ; —To Reading $l.BO and 11.80.
At Reuling, connect with trains for Pottsville, Miners
villa, Tamaqua, Catawiasa, &c.
POUR TRAINS LEAVE READ/NO FOR IIiMADYI
PIELA DAILY, at 6 A. M.,10.45 A. N.,12.80 noon and
3.43 P. M.
LEAVE PHILADELPHIA FOR BEAD/Nct at 8 A.
M.,1.00 P. M., 3.20 P. M., and 5.00 P.M.
PARES :—Reading to Philadelphia, $1.75 and $1.45.
THE MORNING TRAIN FROM HARRISBURG CON
NECTS AT READING with up train for Wilkesbarra
Pittston and Scranton.
For through tickets and other information apply to
a. a. CLYDE,
(1015 AV General Agent.
NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY.
N Gy'r I 0 E.
CHANGE OF SCHEDULE.
WINTER ARRANGEMENT.
ON AND APTER, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 80TH,
1801 the Passenger Trains of the Northern Central Rail
way will leave Harrisburg as follows :
GOING SOUTH.
ACCOMMODATION TRAIN will leave at.. 3.00 C. m.
MAIL TRAIN willleave at .......... Lim
••••••••
GOING NORTH
MAIL TRAIN will leave at .. .40 F. os.
The only Train leaving Harrisburg on Sunday will I e
the ACCOMMODATION TRAIN Booth., at 3.00 a. m.
For further information apply at the Mike ' in Penn
Sylvania Railroad Depot , JOHN W. HALL, Agent.
Harrisburg, Janus 30, 1801.—jan31.
PHILADELPHIA
•AD
READING RAILROAD.
REDUOTION OF PASSENGER FARES,
ON AND AFTER MONDAY, APRIL 9, 1880
COMMUTATION TICKETS,
With 26 Coupons, will be issued between any points
desired, good for the holder and any member of hb
family, in any Passenger train, and at any time- . --at 96
per cent. below the regular fares. -
Parties having occasion to use the BoadfrequebtlY on
business or pleasure, will find the above arrangement
convenient and economical; as Fon.r Passenger trains.
run daily each wry between Reading and Philadelphia,,
and . TWo Train, Or"ir between Reading, Pottsville and
HArriebum Pellnolays,.,onlyenemorningtrainDown,
and one afterrcer train rams batireen Pottsville au*
PhiladelpLlc MA no Passenger train on the Lebanon
Valley &Or) &inroad' .
par. tlrr above . Tickets, or any information ;relating
thereto apply to. 8. Bradford, BK.; Tressurer,Philadel
phis:, I the respective Ticket Agents on the line, or to
• G. - A. NIOOLLB, General Suet.
Martin 27, 1860.—iner284tt
- •
VIRST CLASS GROCERIES I
_LARGE 'ARRIVAL!!
RAVING JUST airrumart from the Eastern cities, where
we have selected with the greatest care a large and coin
plots assortment of superior -GOODS, -Which ..embraos
everything kept in the beat City Groceriee, We'reltPeAt
fully and cordially invite the .prdolic to •eXAMine our
:stock and hear &O rims. •. ,
febl6 - wg. Dqutc, e., & CO.
HARRISBURG, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1861.
Eke vatriot it anion+
WEDNESDAY MQRNING, FEB. 27, 1861.
SPEECH OF
REV. JOHN W. NEVINt
OF LANCASTER,
Ddivered in the Democratic State Conventia, held
at Harrisburg Feb. 21 and 22, 1861.
Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Convention:
It is hardly necessary for me to say that I am
no party man ; no politician, in the ordinary
sense of the term. I have never before ad
dressed a meeting like the present; and it is,
I assure you, with no email amount of diffidence
and self-distrust that I venture, in obedience to
your call, to come before you now in this pub-.
.lie. way. - Inrirdinikey times, , l,should not have
considered myself at' liberty, indeed, to take
part in the proceedings of any such politi
cal body. But, Mr. President, these are not
ordinary times, We are in the midst of a crisis
which goes beyond all ordinary party questions
and issues—a crisis which is radical and revo
lutionary in its nature—a crisis which reaches
to the •very foundations of our political exist
ence, and which, in this view, challenges the: '
concern and invokes the active interest of every
man in the country, in his personal character
Of citizen and patriot. The time has, come
when allwho have any interest at stake on the
safety of the country are bound to apply both
mind and heart to the perilous condition of the
country,, and to join hand, also,-so far God
may have given them.any sort of .power for the
purpose," to the solemn, • all-necessary task of
saving it, if it still be possible, from hopeless
Confusion and ruin.
One of the most discouraging things, in fact,
connected with' our national troubles is just the
fad that it tuts been found so difficult, Ip:tight
say impracticable, thus far, to establish, in
this way, any direct communication between
these. troubles and the general mind of the pea''
ple. Men choien On old party issues to reprer.
sent the people, and bound themselves by party
platforms made to euit the purposes of other
times altogether, and having no fitness whatever
ter the revolutionary crisis which is upon usnoW,
'have' insisted on considering themselves the
only true representatives of the people still, .in
these changed circumstances—and to make the
matter worse, have insisted also on making
their old platfOrms the necessary rule and mea
sure of this representation. Could we well
conceive of any greater absurdity ? The very
idea of pretending to deal with the life and
death question through which the nation is now
passing, by the mechanical formulas and ste
reotyped shibboleths of a platform which was
got up for political purposes in a time of com
parative quietness and peace, deserve to to
set down as the most arrant political quackery.
As little as one might hope to stay the course
of a deadly fever by administering pills pre.
pared for an ordinary fit of indigestion, so little
may it be imagined that the life of the nation
is to be saved now by any similar doses of past
party doctrine and rule. For my own part, I
can have no,patience with any platform of: the
pastyear appliedo our preset' ciroumetanies
in any such mechanical way. Away with all
such Procrustes' beds, employed to tyrannize
in such a time as this over the free minds of
free men. No true public man, lam bold to
say, no politician , worthy of the name, no states
man of broad and comprehensive views. can be
willing at the present time to stand party-bound,
the slave of dead formulas and abstractions.—
Whatthe country now needs is, above all things,
to be delivered from all patent nostrums of this
sort. A living revolution, to be guided aright,
calls-for the free, living activity of living men.
It is a great misfortune then, I repeat, that the
representatives of the people chosen before
these troubles, and governing themselves, as it
would seem, for the most part, by party views
and principles belonging to a different state of
things altogether, should claim, nevertheless,
to be the only true exponents now of the popu
lar mind and will through all these convulsions
and dangers, and so refuse, week after week,
and month after month, to make room for the
people to utter their feelings in regard to them,
in their own name, and with their own proper
voice.
Never was there a time in the history of the
country when it was more important that the
people, in their original private capacity and
character, should have an opportunity, not
only of thinking for themselves on the affairs
of the nation, but of expressing also their col
lective thoughts and wishes in a perfectly free
manner,
,untrammeled by all party technicali
ties and' watchwords. The national trouble
now upon us is organic, constitutional, having
•to do with the very life of the body politic.—
It requires for its help, therefore, an organic
movement on the part of the nation itself. The
people must put themselves in motion. They
cannot be saved by their rulers--least of all, by
professional politicians. If saved at all, they
must, under God's blessing. save themselves.
In these circumstances, sir, there has been
in the hearts of many, for some time past, a
growing desire, an inward cry I may say, for
some fit occasion and opportunity through
which to have the sense—the present sense of
of the people taken on the subject of our na
tional difficulties as they now stand. With this
feeling I have all along sympathized from the
bottom of my heart. Especially has it appeared
to me desirable and important that the mind of
Pennsylvania should be known in this way;
not by consulting her Representatives either
at Washington or Harrisburg, and not by ap
pealing to her last State vote given when no one
dreamed of what has since come to pass ; but
by securing for the people at large the oppor
tunity of speaking directly for themselves, in
full view of our public affairs as they show
themselves at the present time. I have waited
anxiously for some movement looking to this
end, which might be . without regard to party
altogether, having for its object simply an un
biassed expression of the mind of the people,
so far as they should see fit to give utterance
to it in such free way. In this hope and wish,
however, I have found myself, along with thou
sands and ten thousands of others, wofully
disappointed. It has required in the end, as
we all know, a movement of the Democratic
party, in its established party organization, to
meet in any way what we have seen to be the
crying necessity of our great and mighty State
at this time-an opportunity for bearing and
'knowing directly from the people. themselves
their mind and feeling with regard to.the pre
sent crisis. In this view, I could not but hail
with satisfaction the calling of this National
Convention; and, when my fellow-.e4izena Saw
proper to send me here as one of their delegates,
knowing as . I did the special object of.the oc
casion, and having full sympathy with it in my
heart, I felt it to be.for me in the present june
tine a duty, not only of patriotism, but of re
ligion also, not to refuse the appointment.—
:Such is the spirit in which I now find myself a
member of your large and respectable body.
For me this lam) simply Democratic Conven
tion.' I am willing to allow it, indeed, all due
honor and respect,, under this time-venerable
title, But Late in, ; it far more than .this.--
For nia•it is the organ of the universal , conser
vative spirit - of Pennsylvania. . first
form absolutely in which the people of this
State have had it in their power to speak for
themselves on the state of the Nation, since the
beginning of our present troubles. In this re
spect it may be said to carry with it now more
weight than the existing Legislature of the
State, or its representation in the National
Congress. For these at best show only what
the will of a bare majority of the people was
in former and altogether different times; where.
as this body springs directly and immediately
from the present will of the people. It is born,
we may say, out of the burdened heart of the
country, as it now stands. It comes fresh from
the people, and is animated with the existing
soul and breath of the people more than any
organisation beitides, 'There can be no ques
tion, moreover, but that it represents in reality
now by far the largest portion of the population
of the State. For very many thousands, for
getting all party named and distinctions, it is
as I' have just declared it to be for myself, no
Democratic Convention at all, strictly, but a
Convention representing the whole conserva
tism of Pennsylvania, in which all other ques
tions are for the time sunk in the one, greet
purpose of securing the preservation and peace
of the country. looking at it in such light,
they are ready to rally around it with their
hearts, and' to bid it God speed in its mission
orpatriotiant and love.
In view of all circumstances, then, the pre
sent Convention well deserves to be considered
of much more than ordinary significance and
moment. Let it, only be true and faithful to
itself; let it, be but united and harmonious in
.its action; let it show: itself wise, judicious,
calm, earnest, and firm in its declarations,
holding itself strictly to the' one great object of
its coming together and, beyond all question
or doubt, its voice will be, heard and Mt as a
voice Of authority and .power—healing: and
refreshing power—throughout thniength, and
-breadth of the land: ,It, be met- with a
cordial, grateful response from all the mountain
tops, and valleys, and-plaina of this broad Corn
monivealth. It will be recognixed . throughout
the Nitithi as - the.,trile 'and genuine voice of
:glorious old Pennsylvania, the Keystone State.
Two• grand questions—the second turning on
a wrong answer given practically to the,first—
londly bespeak now our solemn attention. The
alternatives set before us in the first are, com
promise or separation. In case of separation,
the alternatives in the next place are, peaceful
division, or coercion and civil war. These
questions we are bound to look steadily in the
face, and to meet with some explicit answer in
our own minds. With the progress of events
they are rushing every day, of themselves, to
a practical solution. We owe it to ourselves to
consider how the solution in either case ought
to come, and by some rational determination of.
this beforehand, to see that, so far at least as
may depend on ourselves, the conclusion shall
not overtake us blindly and with helpless sur
prise.
The first alternative, as just said, is compro
mise with the Southern States, or separation.
In this simple form precisely the issue is now
before the country. It is perfectly idle to
resist the idea of compromise, and yet dream
of au ultimate continuation of our national
existence, in some form that shall be found t 5
involve in the end the aubmisition of the South
to the wrong which it now supposes itself to
be suffering at the bands of the North. Those
who allow themselves to believe that the South ,
may be either cheated or forced into any such
submission, betray a wonderful want of ac
quaintance with the actual sense and meaning
of the difficulty which now needs to be com
posed and settled between the Northern and
Southern sections of the country. And it is
hardly necessary to say, that the question here
regards not simply the States which have al
ready gone into secession, but the slave-holding
States in general. The Border States South, it is
true, have made thus far a noble stand against the
spirit of disunion ; but we have no right in the
world' to presume on this as any assurance
that they will remain in the Union under all
circumstances, and without regard further to
the Southern idea of Southern rights. The
very object of their patience and forbearance
has been to allow time and opportunity for the
amicable adjustment of their rights in the
bosom of the Union itself. Let the North
refuse to meet them in any such spirit of hon
orable comprothise, and it is perfectly certain
that they will also in a short time withdraw,
and join themselves to the new Confederacy of
the South. To separation in this wholesale
form it tpust assuredly come, if there is to be
no compromise. This is the terrible alterna
tive—this, and nothing lees than this—to which
in fact all seek to drive the nation who set them
selves to oppose the policy of making what are
called concessions to the dissatisfied spirit of
the South. Let the terms of the dilemma be
well considered and well understood. The
watchword, no compromise, means simply in
other words, neither more nor less, Desunion
two confederacies instead of one.
Those who oppose compromise speak of it
often as though it were intended to mean mere
concession, the giving up of an acknowledged
right on the one side to humor some perversity
or weakness on the other side. This, however,
is itself a wrong done to the South in this case
before us, which must be felt to be wrong,
and so given up, before any real progress what
ever can be made in the work of solid and lasting
reconciliation. Compromise here means no
mere favorable terms - of Union than those which
have existed before between the Northern and
Southern portions of the country; it is merely
the re-adjustment of the old terms, so explained
and guarded as to secure their proper construc
tion and right observance in all following
time. The South claims to be in this difficulty
the injured party, and charges the North with
having virtually disowned the original spirit
of the Constitution. Either the charge is
right, or it is wrong. If it is wrong, there
can be no room, properly speaking, for any
compromise, and any negotiatien for the pur
pose, if it seem at all successful, must end
in hypocrisy only, and falsehood. But if the
charge be right, it must, first of all, be felt
and owned to be right. In that case, compro
mise becomes a settlement and correction of
wrong, alike honorable to both sides. This,
then, is the very first thing about which we
need to have our minds fully made •up, in this
business of reconciliation. Has the South
been wronged in its constitutional rights on the
part of the North?
Those who deny this make a special merit
commonly of standing by the Constitution as
it is,and charge the friends of compromise with
a design_ to tamper in some way with its sacred
principles, But when you come to examine
the matter, it is found that what they mean by
the Constitution is simply a certain construction
of this organic la* established for the time
by the authority of a reigning party. Their
doctrine le, that what the will of a majority of
the nation may determine at any time to be the
sense of the Constitution, that must be taken
and held for the true sense of it, until it may
happen to be reversed and changed bythe will
of some new majority, agreeing to think in a
different way. So, for the present, the sense
of the. Constitution is made to be the Chicago
platform, as sanctioned and endorsed in appear
ance by the late Presidential election. But
this is itself to violate
,the fundamental con
eeption of the Constitution. Let this view pre
vail, and it would be enough of itself to provoke
secession, not only here, on the part of the
South, but on the part of Pennsylvania also,
and every other State possessed of a particle of
proper regard for its own rights ; for in that
case the Constitution would be not a bond of
freedom at all, but a mere organ of tyranny and
oppression, at the service of any fanaticism that
might be able to lay hold of it for this end.
What we need to consider here is not any
such party construction of the Constitution,
nor even the mere letter itself of the written
instrument, but the spirit, the genius, the origi
nal soul and life of the Constitution. That
this has been violated, in a way injurious and
insulting to the Southern States, is too plain, it
seems to me, to admit Cof any serious question.
If anything in the world is certain historically,
it is that the Constitution was intended to be a
bond of political union between the Northern
and Southern States, under which they should
be allowed to maintain their separate institu
tions respectively, without let or hindrance, as
also without any,sort of mutual responsibility.
On no other terms was it possible to unite these
several independent Commonwealths in a com
mon Confederacy. It lay in the very' nature
of the ease, that the Constitution in these cir
cumstances should know no North and no
South, no slaveholdbig and no non- slaveholding
States—that it should be perfectly neutral and
indifferent to these distinction's, extending over
them simply the' shield of its common protec
tion.. But the complaint of the South now is,
that the Original spirit of the Constitution in
this view is no longer practically regarded on
the part of the North, lint that on the contrary
a system of thinking has organized itself here,
and gradually gained the ascendancy, which
holds slavery to be simply tolerated by the Con
stitution, while it pretends to make it at the
same time a party against the fair political
equality'of the Southern States, and an organ ,
for undermining secretly the very pillars of
their peculiar . social system. Such is their com
plaint ; and We must shut.our eyes to the truth
not to see that the complaint is only too well
supported by facts.
In these circumstances, who will say that we
ought not to own the reasonableness and pro
priety of the call which is made upon us to
settle the difficulties which now beset lie in the
way of coercion and compromise ; or that we
should hesitate for a moment to do this on the
basis which is _proffered to us for this purpose,
by Virginia and her associate Border States ?
It should be no objection to such an arrange
ment, that it calls for some new adjustment of
the Constitution. That does not imply any
change in the spirit of the Constitution ; it is
merely the way in which suitable form and ex
pression is to be given to this spirit, in order
to insure its preservation more truly than be
fore.
This, it seems to me, is the only course of
wisdom in the case of those first alternatives,
compromise or division. Let it luny all means
compromise, sincere, full, and fairly satisfac
tory to the States which still adhere to the
Union in the South. But suppose this refused,
and the nation unhappily driven to the ex
tremity of division, we are then at once con
fronted with anoth er issue : Shall the separa
tion be peaCeful, with'mutual consent and
common itettlement of terms, or shall it proceed
through violence and blood, in the way of at
tempted coercion and consequent civil war?
In the name of all that is sacred in humanity
and religion, let us not hesitate about the an
swer with which this most solemn question is
to be met. If we will not consent 'to respect
the constitutional rights and reasonable de
mands of our brethren in the South—if we shut
them up to the necessity of a general separa
tion from ue as the penalty and price of refu
sing to, surrender basely what they conceive to
be their proper, civil and political rights—let
us not then be so insane as to think of compel
ling them to remain with us still, in spite of
their own purpose and. wish.
On this subject it is of the utmost importance
that the mind of the people generally, and
above all now that the mind of the people of
Pennsylvania, should be distinctly determined,
and proclaimed abroad as it were on the four
winds of heaven, before the time shall have
come for theory to pass into actual work and
deed. We hear it said at times, that we must
maintain the attitude of unbending authority
and power, in order to open the way
-for peace
ful negotiation, that absolute submission to the
existing government must be insisted upon as
a sine qua non of all settlement of our present
difficulties, and that to give up openly before
hand the idea of enforcing such submission, if
need be, in the way of outward power, is in fact
but to encourage the spirit of secession and
treason. All this might sound well enough for
' ordinary circumstances and times. But when
will men learn to make full earnest with the
fact, that we are in altogether extraordinary
times, in the throes, in truth, of a great politi
cal revolution, which must end in the dissolu
tion or in the separation and new birth of our
national existence itself, and it can be no better,
therefore, than political pedantry to think of
going through with it by ordinary maxims and
rules. Let us, in the name of common sense,
be done with speculations and abstractions here,
and set ourselves to deal with feats in their own
character of facts. Let us not be children in
this tremendous drama of real life, but let us
act as reasonable , and full grown men. Does
any man , in his senses believe, that a resort to
force, under any circumstances, in this contro
versy with the South, can ever bring back any
part of it to its true place again in the - Union ;
or that the talk of coercion can ever carry with
it the least weight there in favor of reconcilia
tion and peace ? And in the event especially
of a general secession embracing all the slave
holding States, the event of which as an immi
nent possibility I am now speaking, must not
every imagination of this sort become still more,
I might almost say, infinitely insane ? Can
any threat of coercion operate with the weight
of a feather, to prevent such Statei as Virginia,
Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri and Tennessee,
from throwing themselves into the arms of the
new Confederacy, if such a course seem neces
sary to maintain their rights? Nay, it is this
very threat, or rather the backwardness which
is shown to disown it, the studied reserve with
which it seems to be held as a sort of rod behind
the back, to be used hereafter as occasion may
require, instead of being flung away at once as
it should be—this it is,. I say, as much almost
as anything else just now; which goes to irri
tate and inflame the mind of these States, and
to make it difficult to bring our negotiations
with them to an amicable and peaceful result.
d ,
The Constitution," says Andrew Jackson,.
61 cannot be maintained, nor the Union pre
served, in opposition to the public feeling, by
the mere exertion of the coercive powers con
fided to the General Government. The foun
dations must be laid in the affections of the
people; in the security it gives to life, liberty,
character, property in every quarter of the
country ; and in the fraternal attachment
:which the citizens of the several States bear to
one another, as membeis of one political fam
ily, mutually contributing to promote the hap
pjnees of one Another." These are true and
right
.words. Let them be deeply pondered,
and solemnly laid to heart, by all who care for
the peace of their country at this time.
Theidea of fighting for thepreeervation of the
. Union: in its present circumstances, is 'simply
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING, •
SUNDAYS NECEPTED,
BY 0. BARRETT & 00
TAR DAILY ' PATRIOT AND 11110111 Will be served to mil
eri bore residing in the Borough for siXciErre. PIM WINN
parable to the Carrier. hien. rutesoriberi,roul DOL
LAUB PNR ANNOY.
Twi W JzgLT will be published 1111 heretofore, MI.
weekly during the session of the Legislator., and one. e
week the remainder of the year, for two dollars in ad
vance, or three dollars at the expirationof the year.
Connected with this establishment is an extensive
JOB OFFICE, containing a variety of plain and fanop
type, unequalled by any establishment in the interior of
the State, for which the patronage of the public is so
licited
NO. 151.
preposterous. No victory in such a war could
deserve to be considered a triumph. No ra
tional object could be gained by it in the end.
It could be no better at best than national sui
cide in the most wholesale form. The very
thought of it is something from which thi soul
turns away with unutterable horror and dis
gust.
But what is needed now is not simply an
abhorrence of all such war but an open, • loud
declaration on the part of the people that no
war of the sort, with their consent, shall ever
be allowed to take place. In other words, the
time is already upon us, when to save our
selves from the vortex of misery into which we
are in danger of being madly dragged in such
form, the voice of the nation—the overwhelming
conservative majority in particular of this State
—should be heard proclaiming in trumpet tones
—No coercion ! Let it be fairly known and un
derstood, that Pennsylvania has no mind in this
case to be ruled by the dictation of New England
and the Northwestern States—that she is not
willing to be made use of as their battle field
in any war offensive or defensive against Btatett
so intimately related to her, as those which
border on the Potomac—that her adhesion to
the Chicago platform itself, so far as it went,
was in no such sense as to involve any issue 110
madly desperate as this ; let it be fairly un
derstood, I say, that she is ready to protest
against all force other than that of love and
persuasion for the settlement of our existing
difficulties, and the fact will be felt itself at
once as a message of peace and a rainbow of
promise throughout the length and breadth of
the land.
Looking upon this Convention as an organ,
created by the special providence of God for
giving such voice to the true heart of the State
as is needed at the present time, I trust 'that
it may be enabled wisely and faithfully to dis
charge this high function and most deeply
important office. • I consider it a privilege, as
I have felt it my duty also, to be here, and to
make inyself heard in your councils, both as an
Amotioan citizen and as a minister of religion.
May your work be so done, that it shall dem
mend itself to the judgment and conscience of
all good men, and, what is of still greater con•
sequence, be crowned with the approbationland
blessing of the great God in Heaven.
IMPORTANT FROM JAPAN—from& ld with For=
eignera.—Advices from Japan to the last of De
cember, report serious troubles between the
natives and the foreign residents, - A letter hi
the New York Herald, dated Yokahama, .De
cember 29, says:
Matters here are in a very bad state, lean
assure you—a war or a fight being certain be
tween the English, French, and in fact all the
European residents on the one side, and the
Japanese on the other. The cutting down of
the French Consul General's butler by the Ja
panese, in the manner they did, has excited
the most deadly hatred—they are sworn to
have revenge. The French Consul has re
moved from Jeddo down to Kanagawa, being
afraid to reside there any longer. Every one
here carries his sword and revolver whenever
he goes out after dark. There is no doubt the
French and English are going to compel Japan
to give Prussia a treaty, which certainly would
not be granted without compulsion. But what
is stilt worse is the quarrel going on between
the English residents and Mr. Alcock,. the
British Minister, and Captain Vyse, the Con
sul. Neither of these gentlemen dare go into
the street alone after dark, although they both
carry pistols. They appear to be universally
disliked, although both are of high Standing at
home.
At Kanagawa, an Englishman named Moss
was arrested for mortally wounding a Japa
nese police officer. The act is believed to have
been done acoidentially 'and not by Moks.—
Upon hearing of his arrest, the British Minis
ter and Consul expressed great indignation,
and demanded Ms immediate surrender, cou
pled with a threat to blow up the Governor's
Palace in the event of non-compliance. There
being at the time no English vessel-of-war in
port, the Minister enlisted the aid of the Prus
sian commodore, who placed men, howitzers
and boats at his disposal; but these were fortu
nately not called into requisition. After twen ,
ty-four hours' imprisonment Moss was deliv
ered up, and subsequently tried before the
Consular Court, and sentenced to three months'
imprisonment, and .to pay a fine of one thou
sand dollars and suffer deportation from japan.
The affair created much ill-feeling between the
foreign residents and natives,
The Prince of Bungo, third ambassador to
the United States, or, as he was generally cal
led, "Censor or Adviser," has been recently
appointed one of the Governors for Foreign
Affairs. All three of the ambassadors are now
in the office of the Minister of State, at Jeddo.
The next point of interest in the news is the
proposed embassy to England next summer.—
The Japanese have applied to Mr. Townsend
Harris to know if Ainerioan officers could be
procured to navigate a steamer there andback.
SUMAIARY JUSTICE IN ARICANSAS-41. Burglar
Hanged to a Tree under Mysterioua Circumatancer.
We learn that about a week since, a suspicious
looking customer, representing himself as a
brother of Dr. ornelius Watkins, of Little
Rock, made his appearance at Cummins' Place
landing, thirty miles above Pine Bluff, Ark.—
His movements were of a character which
awakened suspicion in the minds. of the citi
zens, and a watch was kept upon his move
ments. He continued prowling about the
neighborhood, and particularly in the vicinity
of the residence of a . Mr. Kimbro, and one
night was discovered under the house with hie
hands filled with burglars' tools. Mr. Ilimbro
summoned a number of his neighbor* and
Watkins was ordered to leave the neighborhood.
He left, but vowed vengeance on the party.—
Two days after these threats he was discovered
hanging dead to the limb of a tree is the
neighboorhood, but at 'whose hands he met his
death is unknown.—Memphii Argue, Feb. 19.
NATURALIZATION LAW or rim New CONFIDE
RAOY.—A correspondent writing from Mont
gomery on the 15th inst. announces that the
Congress had under consideration a bill con
cerning citizenship and naturalization; The
provisions are of course unknown as yet, but
it is expected that it will consist of a declara
tion constituting all free white persons residing
in any of the Confederated States at the time
of the organization of the present Government,
or such as may become citizens by birth, na
turalization, and the establishment of - a per
manent residence, or also those who - are em
ployed in active military or naval service for a
limited period, citizens of the Confederate States
of America. The general impreseion Is that
the probation period of residence prior to
_taking
the oath of citizenship will be extended s 9 as
to make the laws of naturalization more strin
gent in this respect than it is at present.
The balance of Mr. Chenery's cattle herd, at
Belmont, Mass., consisting of twenty-two head,
were killed Tuesday, under the direction of the
Commissioners and the Medical Board: - Sev
eral of these were young animals lately added
to the stock, but of the original herd. About
half were found diseased, some of them badly.
The disease it is now believed, is entirely (X,.
terminated.