EIE TELEGRAPH lb PUBLISHED EVERY DAY, r-31' GEORGE J3ERGNER. TEMV.—.Sureis tqr3Bo7iTtioyi, e NIES P2;0,01'313 Served to subscribers In the ~t 0t,31 per creek. Yearly subscribers ;•4.). scwit s 1,1) TIMMS-TB. „(r„r.,F • also pablished twice a week daring the Legislature and weekly daring , the re tee year, and furnished to subscribers at the flliV( l l.4 Utre.cribani per , year ...... se- ca leo 1731 LiW OP 111178PA1 1311 • ti r rib ere order the discontinuance of their news. re publisher may continue to send them rietil rrrantgea are paid. aubscriliers neglect or Wage to take their newspa ; from the office to which they are directed, they are , -uFible until they hair. sett ed the bills and ordered dmenntinued PRESNNT'S MESSAGE. )emaud for Four Hundred Thousand Men and Your MUildred Millions of Dollars. .11-11ote-Ottizens of the Senate And of the House of Eaprorentatives: Having been convened on an extraordinary occasion, authorized by the constitution, your attention is not called to any ordinary subject of legislation. At the beginning of the present . Presidential term, four months ego, the functions of the federal government were found d .. to . . be generally suspended suspended within the sevemal States 1?1..!6° th caleinia, Georgia, Alabama, iselPPI, idna, a • La Florida , excepting those~o p n pi, only of the l'usteitice Department. Within these States all the forts, &vier/els, dock yards, custom houses, an . d the like,ituilnd tue moveable and stationary property in aud about them, bad been seized and held bi epee aus 2 tility to this government; excepting othy Ete/tens Taylor and Jefferson, on uu uear the litaida coast, and Fort Sumpter, 1.1 t'aarieatou harbor, South Carolina. /'lit) torts thus seized had been put in im plui • 1 condition, new ones had been built, cwd armed forces had been organized, and organizing, all avowedly with the same . l ,tile purpose. The forts remaining in the pesessieu of the Federal government in and u, ,u' these States were either besieged or men ,ited by warlike preparations; and especially cell Sumter was nearly surrounded by well oteeted hostile batteries, wit' , guns equal in Liu dity to the best of its own, arid outnumber tt,g the latter, perhaps two to one. A. disproportionate share of the Federal inns lots cud rides had somehow found their way lute these states, and had been seized to be used against the government. Accumulations of the public revenue lying within them had been seized for the same object. The navy was sattiered iu distant seas, leaving but a small portion of it within the reach of the govern ment. Officers of the Federal army and navy kid resigned in gloat numbers, and of those resigning a large proportion had taken up arms against the. government. Simultaneously, and in connection with all this, the purpose to sever the Federal Union was openly avowed. In accordance with this purpose an ordinance had been adopted in each of these States, declaring these States respec tively to be separated from the National Union. A formula fur instituting a combined govern ment of these States had been promulgated, and their illegal organization in the character of Confederate States was already invoking re cognition, aid and intervention krona foreign pow era. Finding this condition of things, and believ ing it to be the imperative duty upon the in eed,ing Executive to prevent, if possible, the curisuennation of such an attempt to destroy the Federal Union, a choice of means to that end became indispensably. This choice was made and declared in the inaugural address. The policy chosen looked to the exhaustion of all peaceable measures be fore a resort to any stronger ones. It sought only to hold the pulic places and property not already arrested trout the government, and to collect the revenues, relying on the rest for time, discussion and the ballot-box. It promised a continuance of the mails at government expense to the very people who were resisting the government, and it gave re peated pledges against any disturbance to any of the people or any of their rights—of all that a President might constitutionally and justifia bly do in such a case. Everything was for borne without which it was deemed possible to keep the government on foot. On the 6th of March, the present incumbent's first full day in office, a letter from Major An dersuu, commanding at Fort Sumter, written on the 28th of February, and received at the War Bepartrnent on the 4th of March, was by that Department placed in his hands. This letter proffered the professional opinion of the writer that reinforcements could not be thrown into that. fort within the time for his release rendered necessary by the limited supply of previsions, and with a view of holding posses sion of the same with a force of less than 20,- Ode good cud well-disciplined men. This opinion was concurred in by all the officers of his CUIIIII/ dad, and their memorandums on the subject were made enclosures of Major Ander sen s letter. The whole was immediately laid before Lieut. Gen. hcott, who at once concurred with Gen. Audersen in opinion. On reflection, however, he took full time, consulting with officers both of the army and navy, and at the end of four days c ime reluctantly but decidedly to the sane opinion as before. He also stated at the same tune that no such sufficient force was then at the control of the government, or could be raised and brought to the ground within the tium in which the provisions in the fort would be exhausted. In a purely military point of view this redu ced the duty of the administration in the case to the mere matter of getting the garrison safe ly out of the fort. It was believed, however, that to so abandon that position under the air• cumstancee would be utterly ruinous; that the necesssity under which it was done could not be fully uuderetood ; that by many it would be considered as a part of a voluntary policy ; that at hutue it would disorganize the friends of the Union, embolden its adversaries, and go far to ensure to the latter a recognition abroad. That in tact it would be our national destruction con ;emanated. This could not be allowed. tetaavation was not yet upon the garrison, and ere it would be reached Fort PMkeina might be reinforced. This last Would be a clear indication of poli cy, and would better enable the country to ac orpt the evacuation of Fort Sumter as a mili tary necessity. Au order was at once directed to be sent for the lauding of the troops from the Brooklyn into Fort Pickens. Tkie order coudlds lower not g route o by lby and s, ea but must take the longer an . The first return news from the order was re ceived just ono week before the fall of Fort Sumter. The news itself was that the s au cer commanding the Sabine, to which vessel the troops had been transferred from the Brooklyn, acting upon some quasi -armistice of the late ad ministration, and of the existence of which the present administration, up to the tune at which the order was dispatched, had only too vague and uncertain rumors to fix attention, had re fused to land the troops. To now reinforce Fort Pickeos before a crisis could be reached at Fort Sumter was impossible, rendered so by the near exhaustion of provisions 111 the hitt& Mill ed fort. In precaution against loch a conjunotnre t the goveriuntut had a few days before cola, utenced d ea Wight pre par ing an expedition as well adopt tipeditio be to relieve Fort auroptor, which n Wtki tutowled t 9 be AtisitalY used • • • efetarl. _ t a D tiami LP - : r t7 . 7 4l ' ' ; 11 ) --"" 1 .2 2 00 . 12 00 . 16.00 VOL. XV. or not, according to circumstances. The strong est anticipated case for using it was now pre sented, and it was resolved to . send it forward. As had been intended in this contingency, it was also resolved to inform. the Governor of South Carolina that he• might. expect an at tempt would be made to provision the fort, and that if the attempt should got be resisted, there would be no effort to throW in men, arms or ammunition without further notice, or in case of an attack upon the fOrt., This naive was accordingly given, whereupon the fort was at tacked and bombarded .to ite fall, without even awaiting the arrival of the provisioning expe dition. It is thus seen that the assault and reduction of Fort Sumpter Wag in no sense .a matter of self defense the part qf ,the assailants.— They well knew that the garriscat , in the fort could by no; postibility commit aggression upon them, They knew they were expressly notified that the giving of bread to the le* brave and hungry men of the garrison was all that would on that occasion .he attempted, .unless them selves by resisting so •much should provoke more. They neW that this governnieat desired to keep the garrison in the fort, not toassaU them, but merely to maintain visible possession, and thus to. preserve the Union trom actual and immediate dissolution, trusting; as .heretofore stated, to time, discussion and the ballot-box for Anal adjustment; and they assailed and re duced the tort for precisely the reverse object —to drive out the visible authority of the Fed eral Union, and thus force it to immediate dis solution. That this was theirobject the Ex ecutive well understood. " And having said to than in an inaugral ad dress "you can have no conflict withoht being yourselves the aggressor, " bp took pains not only to keep their decl aration good, but also to keep the case so free from the power of Vir ginians sophristy, as that the world should not be able to understand it. By the affair at Fort Sumter, with the surrounding circuflustances, that point was reached, Then and thereby the assailants of the gov ernment began the conflict of arms, without a gun in sight or in expectancy to return their tire, save only the few in the fort, sent to that harbor years before for their own protection, and still ready to give that protection in what ever was lawful. In this act, demanding all else, they have Rimed upon the country the distinct issue— immediete dissolution or blood. And this issue embraces more than the fate of these United States. It presents to the whole family of man the question whether a constitutional republic or democracy, a government of the people by the same people can or cannot =elu te= its territorial integrity against their own domestio foes. It presents the question whether discontented individuals, too few in numbers to control the administration according to orga nic law in any case, can always upon the pre tences made in its case, or on other pretences, or arbitrarily without any pretence, break up their government, and thus practically put an end to free government upon the earth. It forces us to ask : Is there in all republics this inherent and fatal weakness ? }dust a gov ernment of neeessity be too strong for the li berties of its own people, or too weak to main tain its own existence P So viewing the issue no choice was left but to call out the war pow er of the government, and so to resist force employed for its destruction by force for its preservation. This call was made, and the response of the country was moat gratifying, surpassing -in unanimity and spirit the most sanguine expec- , tations. Yet none of the States commonly called slave States, except Delaware, gave a regiment through regular State organization. A few regiments have been organized within. some others of these States by individnakentet prise and received into the government ser• vice. Of course the seceded Oates., so and to which Texas hadlcam joined about the time of the inauguration, gave no troops to.tbe tutus of the Union. The Border States, so called, were ipt uni form in their action—some of them being _al most for the Union, while in , others, as Vir ginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkan, As, the Union sentiment was 'very pearly•re pressed and silenced. The course taken -in Virginia was the most remarkable, perhaps the most importkuat. A convention, elected by the people of that'fitate to consider this very question of disrupting the Federal Union, was in session at the capital of Virginia when Fort Sumter fell To this body the people had chosen a large majority of profesaed Union r men, and almost immediately after they gill of Fort Sumter, many members of that majority went over to the original minority, and with them adopted an ordinance for withdrawing the State from the Union. Whether this chimge was wrought 'by their great approval of the assault on Fort &miter, or their great resentment at the government's resistance to that assault, is not definitely known. Although submitted the ordinance for ratification tri a vote of the people to be taken on a day then somewhat more than a month diStant, the convention and the Legislature which was also in session at the same time and place, with leading men of the State no mem bers of either, immediately commenced acting as if the State were already out of the Union. They pushed military preparations vigorous ly forward ail over the State • #iey, seised the United States armory at Harlier's Ferry and the navy-yard at Gosport, near Norfolk ; they re ceived, perhaps invited into their State, large bodies of troops, with their warlike appoint ments, from the so-called seceded States. They formally entered into a treaty of tam porary alliance and co-operation with the w eaned Confederate States, and sent members to their Congress at Monegomery ; and finally they permitted the insurrectionary government to be transferred to their capitol at Richmond. The people of Virginia have thus allowed this great insurrection to make its nest within her borders, and this government has no choice but to deal with it where it finds it. And it has the less regret, as the loyal citi zens have, in due form, claimed its protection. These loyal citizens this government is bound to recognise and protect as being Virginia. In the Border States, so called—in fact, the Middle Mates—there are those who„ favor a policy which they call armed neutrality, that is, the arming of those States to prevent the Union forces passing one way, or. the disunion the other, over their soil. • This would be ,disunion completed. Fign:: ratively ePealsing, it would be the building of an impassable wail along theline of separatio. and yet not quite an impassable one, for undi tr the guise of neutrality, it would tie the handis. of the Won men and freely pan suppliesfrona among them to the insurrectionists which- it' ootald not .d 4 as an ppen enemy. At a etrokeiti. W9Uldtillk4 All the *nage till the bawls 'of ilk "INDEPENDENT IN ALL THINGS7NEITTRAL IN NONE." HARRISBURG, PA., SATURDAY AFTERNOON, JULY:6, 1861. ceadon except only what roroceeda front the ex ternal blockade. • It would do for the disimionists that which of all things they most dealre—feed them well and give thong disunion without a struggle of their own. It recognises no fidelity to the con atitution—nopbligation to maintain the Union; and while very many who have favored it are doubtless loyal citizens, it U nevertheless vox)! InjurioUs in effect ' llecnniniiii the hOtion of the government, it may beltated that 'at first a Call was made fox 76,000 militia, and' rapidly" folroiring this a proolamatien was issued for closing the ports of the insurrectionary districts by proceedings in the nature of a blockade. 130 far all was be lieved to be strictly legal. At this point the izururreeticmists announced their purpose to enter upon the practice of pri. vateering. Other Calhfwere made for vrolunteen3 to serve three years, Judea sooner discharged, and also for huge addition to the regular army and navy. _ _ . These measures, whether strictly legal or not, were ventured upon under , what appeared to be a popular demand and a public necessity, trusting, as now, that Congress would readily ratify them. It is believed that nothing has been done beyond the constitutional competency of Coniston. Boon after the first call for militia, it was considered a duty to authorise the commanding general, in proper cane, according to his dis cretion, to suspend the privilege of the writ . habeas corpnis ; or, in other words, to arrest and ' detain, without resort to the ordinary processes and finals of law, such'individtuils as he might dean dangerous toihe public. safety. This au thority has purposely been exercised but very sparingly. Neverthlless, the legality and propriety of what has been done under it are questioned,- and the attention of the country has been called to the proposition that one who is sworn to Loki care that„the laws be faithfully executed, should not himself violate them. Of course some consideration was given to ti4.ft question' of power end propriety before ihia, matter was acted upon. The whole of the whichwere required to be faitlftilly executed, were being resisted, and failing 'of execution in nearly one-third of the States, must they-be al lowed to finally fail of execution, even. hid, it been perfectly clear that by the use of ihe means necessary to their execution some single law, made in such extreme tendeiness of the` citizen's liberty that practiceily it relieves more of the guilty than of the innocent, idionlsl, to a Very limited extent be violated. To.atata the question more directly, are all the iaws but one to go unexecuted and the government ,it- . self go to pieces lest that one be violated t Even in such a case, would not the °MAW oath be broken if the government should be' overthrown, when it was believed that „disrel, garding the single law would tend -to preserve is P But it was not believed that this questko. was presented, It was not believed that-any law was violated. The provision of the muuaitutiou that:tue, privilege of the writ of habeas corpus *IA rot be suspended, unless when in cases of reWilo. ' or invasion the, public safety may regjitia, equivalent to a provision that such privilege may be suspended, when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety does require it. It was decided that we lave a case Of relicti., lion, and that the public safety does requira the. qualified suipension.of the writ which was eu. thorized to be made. Now it is insisteciAmt Oongress and not the Executive. tvirestoLudth• the power. • • • ••.'. But the constitution itself is silent as to which or who is to exercise the power,' and as the provision was plainly made for a ,danger ow emergency; it cannot be believed the fre 'mire of theAnsthinient intended ,that in every case the 'dinger *should nib- its °ohne until Congress could be called together, the Very as sembling of *hich might be inevented, as was intended in this case by the'rebellion. No more extended arguinentis now offered to an opin ion of some length Will probably be :presented by the Attoiney4eueral. Whether' thereshall be any legislittion upon the subject, and if any; what, is submitted entirely to the better judg , meat of Congress. The forbeanuice of this government had been so extraordinary and so long continued as to lead some foreign ruiticituifo shape , their action as if they supposed 'the early destriictibh of .our national Tinton was Inotinble. While this one discovery gave the EktaltiTe some concern, he is now happy to say that the sovereignty and rights of the United States are nOw every where. practically respected' by for- eign powebl, and a general sympathy with the country ientartifestedthrinighout the World. ' Thiriporte of the Secretaries of the Treasu ry, War and Hari, give the inforimustion in detail decternvi necessary and convenient for your deliberation and action ; while the Ruch.' tive and all thirdepartments will standiiadY to saPply'omilielons, or to communicate new facts considered important f6r you to &new. It is no* recommended that you give the legal means for making this contest a short and a decisive one; that you pleoe at the control of government for the'work at least 400,000 Men' and $400,000,000. That number of men is one-tenth of those of proper ages within the regions *here, - apparently, all are willing to engage; and the sum is less than the titenty third Plat of .the money value owned' by the men'Whe = seem ready to devote the whole. A debt of six hundred millions of dollars now is a less sum per ietui than was the debt of our revolution wheji we came out of that struggle ; and= theinbrie&ilue in the country now bears even it greater proportion-to vrhatdt was then than does' the population. Surely each man has as strong; a motive now tovie serve our liberties as each had then to establish them. A tight result at this time 'will 'be worth more to the world than'ten times the men and ten_times the money. ;The evidence reaching nifronkthe'oduntry leaves no doubt tbat the material tor the work is abundant, and that it needs only the hand of legislation in give it legaXsanction, 'dud the', hand of the Mmotrtive to give it practical shape and efficiency; One of the greEttestlmirPlincitietr of the government is to avoid-receiving troops taster than it can provide few them. In a ' , word, the people will serve their government, if -the government it seltWill do its part only indifferently well. It m ightseem at itrat:thought to be df little difference, whether the -L present movement_ at the South be be called . )3txxsakm or rebellion. The movers, however, well -understand the , differ - ewe: -At the beginning they knew they could never raise their treason to any respectable magnit - nde by the name which implied violation of la*. • They knew their people posseised, much moral sense, and as much qf devbtion-to law and order, and alkUlnell Pride ig . Patirev • once for history and ,gomonauteiry '.• •,. eonzony 'P ,A 1 aby otherctvillsea azakper IoY bore ehe7 em ll4 &__4 4 A th the teet4441119 and noble senti m ent, acdordingly they com menced by an insidious debauching of the -pub lic Thof invented an`.jiniotte - sophicon, which; if conceded, wailollowed by 'perfectly ! incidents to the complete destruction of the Union. The soph ism wolf :Wit* any State,t of, theZnion may consistently, with the national constitution, and, therefore, lawfully and peacefully withdra* from thethlion'ivithout the conitint-of Union or of any other State,- . The little - disguise that the supposed right is to be exercised only for just 'cause, themselves to be the sole judge of its justice, is too thin to merit it t riy • iebellion. = Muir sugar coated, they have been dragging the public mind o their — t ooth:l for , more _than thirty Years, Mai:Mtn at iimgth they hive brought many good men to a willingness to take up arms -the grows:ma* • the day after some as sembly r of men havneruteted . the ford , ml pretence of. takingtheir State out of the thritun who - mad. -have been brought to no , cg such thing the day before. The sophism derives much, perhaps the whole of its currency, •from the assumption that there is some Omnipotent and Sacred Supreitacy Per taining to a State, to each State of our Federal Union. , Our States have neither more nor less power than that reserved to than in the Union by !the,Ueinditutick, no One of them ever having beari a - State out of the Union. The/ original ones passed into the - Union even before they oast Mf.theli British Colonial dependence; and the new ones each 'mite inte‘the ErniOn directly frOm a Condition of dePtindence excepting Tex% end even Texas in its temporary independence was roister - disigneitdd a State. The new ones the designation, of• States ori coming into the - Union, .While 'that' nithe was fast 'adopted for the old'eneit in• iild by the declara tion of indePendence. Therein the limited - United Colottles'were de clared to be free and independent' States, but even theathenhject plainly wac nOt to declare `their bide:pi:dais:of one another,or of the Union, but directly the contrary, as their mutual pledges and their mutual.action, before; at the Uwe #titrivards; Abundantly show. The mire! ightiistg of faith by each and all of m the 1; . thirteen in the articles of corded °retina, two seititt later, that the Union shall bePerpetual,.4 most conclusive. Having never beat. States eitherein substance or fur neunkouiside of the Union; - whence this magical omnipotence of State rights, asserting . a.LinimwPcpowerto lawfully destroy.the Union iteelfriL Mathis said .about the sovereignty of the fitatesi , but:the word, ' even, is , not in the nationaloculatitution, nor, as is : believed, in any . of the,804%. •constitutions. What is a sover signty..) Iniilid , politicalsiease of ;the term would it be -far:wrong:to 4.leline it , a politicalunity without apolitical superior, 'tested by this, no , oncrobourStateeezont Tara* evex was a sov ereignty ; and Taxis gave up the t clutntoter on atoning into ,the .hy which. oat ao-. Ik/we/edged the. -..xinatitution of the :United State& and the laws aixi , -Aties, of the _limited ko tise• minstitution, telis foeihen the aupromeiawrd the land. '4llB:Statin luiviy:gleit-stigne:/12 She , •Uhick, and *4y -have -, xte Other legislature. 'lf they tweak front; thispflifiyirin konly- do -so' against ! latv luid!ley " The =Union and not tifemisilvet separt• prectufwi thole •indepen ilence and their' liberty; •by" conquest 'or Fir. chlise .the Unica gave'eachnf them- whatever talliqiendesioe and !liberty it had. • older than any of the' States, slid itl fietAt: °rested theures'Eltetes. Origin- Mlly tribe depandetit'Oolonies made the Union, and in turn the Union , thiew it their old de pendence-forthem-and made them Stages, such tie they - are. Not one of them ever had a State constitution independent of the 'Union.; Of courise,'itis net forgotten that all tli, e new - States framed - their constitutions befOrti - they entered:lthe Union; nevertheless •-depacident upon;l an& preparatery.;to, coming into the Union. . Unquestionably the States have the' powers and rights reserved to them in and by the Niv: tioual Constitution ; but among these surely are notincluded all-conceivable powers, how 'alter mischievous or destructive. But at niiist; Such - only . ar; were known in the world at ihe time as governmental powers, and eertak4 a power destroy the government itself, lied never 'been known as a governmental or a merely administrative . .power. This rela tive matter national power and State rights, as e'Prinnipleile• no Other, than the"principle. of generality 'aniflorfality. Whatever:concerns the whole shotild'be eou' 7 ' fided to the whole the general government while'ithateter emeritus only the State should, be leftisicliisivirlY 'to 'the State: 'This is thereis i ot,original principal about it. Wheth: er th e national constitution, in defining the, boundaries %Oven - the two, has applied. the princlide With - exact accuracy, is not to be queer. timed: We are all bound by that definitely, without question. What` is now combatted is the 'position' that secession is consistent--with the constitution is lawful and , peaceful. It is :not 'contended that there is any 'expreis law for it, and nothing:should ever be implied aslawwhich leads - to unjust or absurd 0 ; 1346-. 1 Vier-ices: • • The tuition imrcluised'with money the mil: tries out of which several of these States were formed;' Ts,lt just that they shall go off with out leave and without refunding'? The nation paid'rery large'sums, in the aggregate, be:. lieve;-nearlyoesitundred millions, to relhive Flo rida ot ,thOlabotiginal tribes.: - Is just that she shall now be off withou t consent,•or-Witliouimaking any return?' ,The nationlia'now-in debt for money applied to the , benefit of these so-called•sticeding States; in conunnswith thelest; :Is it-jbat that dud* shall gwunpaid; - ar the remaining: States ' pay the! whow.:. A. part of 'the: present national debt , was contracted to. pay-the -old debts of Tamar :Is it. just, that she shall leave end' pay no part of this herself Agalirrirodis' "State - may - secede, so may another ; are:l.:When all shall haves:eded none are left-to pay the debts. Is this quite , 31.111f . ti? &el:IRO - lit Did we notify them of this sage , view of ii,ars:wr k ii,n we. borrowed their /honey If we now remenizrthis doctrine by allowing the *seeders to go in peace, it is difficult to see what we- can do if others choose to go Or to export terms upon Which they will proilise to remain. , 'The secederahudst that our Constitution ad mits, of secession ; others have assumed.. to make a national Constitution of their own, in Which neceesity they have either discrirded or retained•the right•of emersion, agthey insist it intistri 011113 t• they have :amide& it , .they thereby admit that/on principleisiought not to • to be broum—wo- - " -- WI liiiiitetained it by their own coil irtnktiar (wows,. they whow. tto be bo. nob. t inei.they lik must secede from ono another en eotl'grthe7 Phial WA the eiudeet -fftrt.l V 4l O. - . ,,,,,„„„ 49 Yi tg ir ' r gfigk. 6 . 1 .4%. 6 4 .RW*O)4l4 The principle Itself to one of disintegration, - and upon which no government can possibly endure. , If all the States save one should assert the power to drive that one out of - the Union, it is presume& the whole olals of simied politicians would at once deny the power and - denounce the act, as the greatest outrage upon State fights. But suppose 'that "precisely' the shine - act, instead of "being maned driving the one out, should be called the .seceding of the o f ers from that one, it would be exactly whit Ike seceders claim to do, unlesilidwd they make the point that the Szie,.l)e•iiiisiti it hi a 'initioriv, may rightfully do what the ' others, because they are a majority; may not rightfully do.' These politicians are hettled and profound on the rights of minorities: They are not partial to that power which made the constitution, and speaks from the preamble; cal b*Uself "We, the people.'' It It may well be qfieitioned whether there. is to-day a majority of the legal/y. qualified voter.' of any State, except perhaps South Carolina, in favor of disunion,`. -- There is much reason to be lieve that the Union men are the majority in many, if notin every other one of the so caned se ceded States., Thecontrary has` not been demon itrated in any one of them: It is ventured to affirm this even of Virginia and •Tennessee, for the result of an election held in military camps, where the bayonets are all on one side of the ;question voted upon, can scarcely be considered 41141emonstratirig popular sentiments at such an election; all that large class who are at once for the. Union, and against coercion, would be coerced tel vote - against the Union. It may be affirmed without extraysouace that the free in stitutions we enjoy have developed the powers and improve 4 the condition of our whole peo ple beyond any example in the world, having* striking and impressiveilluatration. So large an army as the govontunent has now on foot was never before known, without a sol dier in it, but who had, taken his place there of his own free choice . . Bnt more thlui this, there are many single reghnents, whose members possess full praetlistl knowledge - of ill the arts,. sciences, profetedons, and whittever else, wheth er useful or elegant, is known in , the world: - And there is scarcely one from which 'could not I be selected a President, a Cabinet; s Congres;, and perhaps a Court, abundant* competent to administer tLe government itself. Nor do I aay this is not true of the'army of our late friends, now adversaries, in 'this con test. But if it is, so much' better the maw why the government which hes conferred such benefits on both them and us, should not :be broken tip., Whoever, hi any seCtion, proposes to abandon. such a 4overniiient; *Could. do well to conaider in deference to-what' principle it is that he does it; what better he is likely to get in its stead. ' Whether the substitute will give, ort be in tended to give, so much of good to the people. There are someiCeshadowings on this subject. OurAdyermartes have adopted some (teals* tions of Independence in , which, irxdiket' the good old one penned by Jefferson t they , omit xne . woras, - - - au men 61600311M4 , 41iiankr They hive adopted'a temporary National Con stitution,.in the preamble of which, unlike our . good old one SignedbyWasbington, t hey orbit ," "We the people •axid substitute , "We - the , Deputies Of the Sovereign end` - Independent States." Why? Why this deliberate pressing out of view the rightapf men and the aritheri 2 ty of thepeople. This is essentially a preoplys On ;the side of, the Union It islt struggle for maintaining is the world that form and sub stance of government whose leading object is to elevate the condition of men, to lift' rtiS weightslfrom all shoulders, to clear the ,paths of:laudableoirsuit for all.. To afford all an tuifettared start ands.Aar ohms* iritlie race of life. Yieloling to partialaraltempoLary de partures,. from.necessity, ~that is the laading, btk jeot of • the governmeatfor whOse ezbstenos- -ye I am most happy to believe that the plain people understand and apprixsate -this. It is worthy of note,that, while in this, the govern= merit's hour. Of trial; large - numbers of those in the army'and navy who have been'favored with the offices have resigned. and proved false to the hand which luid.ptunixred them,not one common soldier or common sailor lo nown to have deserted hie Beg. Great/Aollor is due to „thee. officers !who re mained true despite the example of . their trai torous associitiafes. But the. greatest honor and the moot.impottent fact of all is th unarti mous firmness .of the common soldiers and Omn i mon suilortf. To:the last twat, so far asknown, they buve .ouccestifully resisted the .traitorous effiuts.ck,those,whooe..ecannutads but sm hour, hefore they phsyedrui absolute law. 2Ziiists the patrionejustinct of, plain people., .They, under stand, without sot_togument, that destioying 0 3 . 0 goverummot winch was .made by Washing=: ,ton means no good to them.. . , . - Our popular government`has•often been call ed•an experiment. Two points in it our people ' have settled. The successful establishing and the staicessful administering: of it. One still remains : its successful maintenance against. a formidable:internal attempt to overthrow it. is now for them to demonstrate to the world that those who can fairly carry an election tan also suppress:a rebellion. The ballots are the rightful and peaceful successors of bull,* and that when ballots are fairly and constltntional ly decided, there can 'be no successful appeal back to ballots. That there can be.no hum:m id appeal, except to ballots themselves at nue ceeding elections. Such will be a great lessen of.eace, teaching men that what they cannot take by an election, neither can they take it by war ; teaching all the folly of being 11/4 begin ners of the war. • 1 , Lest there be some uneasiness on till) minds of candid men as to what is to be the course of the government • toward; - the Southern States ; after the , rebellion -shall have been suppressed, the Executive deems it proper to say, it will be his purpose then, as-ivery to be. rad by the (fontt,i- Itation and the tam; and that heprobahly will .have no different understanding of "thepowers Land duties of the Federal governmentrelative ly. to the rights of- the States and the, people under the ,Constitution, than that expielised in the inaugural address. He desires to 'preserve the government that it may be administered for.all as it was administered by the Men who made it. Loyal citizens everywhere hive the iight to claim this of their government, and the govern ment has no right to withhold or negiedt it. It is not perceived that in giving it there it 3 any coercion, any conquest, or any subjugation, in any just sense of those terms. ; The constitution provides, that all the State* have accepted the provision, that the !United Stated - sliall guarantee to every Statel in this' trnidon "ti republican form of government." Aalf . e . ,state in'this Union May lawfully go , oat of - the Union, havingdoue ae,g,maso.faisto inscarli,t4.ll,"Punli44l . 4 4 ggYa4elkt, so ihtit a 1k:. #4 4 4101 15 . 1 k3 14 4 1.4 40 0 , 4' .ms s tiii&gge guar. ittain tinting Mks. Baring procured Stuers.. Yowler _2reesee, we eft prepared to meets JOB and BOOK PRINTING of every descriptkia, cheaper that it Me be data et eleY other el tablishmeatin the country. BAUM OF AfFiIOrnIRML fart= lines or less constlints ons•halt num De hue or more than four oonatitunt a square. Ralf Nous, one day-- SO 1 . one week one mouth.... a three mouths 8 00 a Mx months 4 o oneyaw . •••• • 600 Otte ?rare one day " - 60 erre week.. ...... 300 mm One 010121 h ~ 8 00 ft three mouths.— . g Igt el ilx mouths.— ........... ... :.. 2 00 - one year 10 00 sirallinalla 11000101 Inserted In the Leoal a before Marriages wad Death', 111F/1 COMB PER UNH or each Insertion. fyarlfarrfeges and Deaner to be enlarged en regular advertneenenta NO. 66. , antes mentioned and w h en, AP end is lawful and obligatory, the inithOW*ble means to it are also lawful and obligatory, It was with the deepest regret that the Ex. ecutive found the duty of employing the war I power in defence of the government forced uport,hlm. He could but perf i c this duty, or surrender the exlstesice of thit*ernment. No compromise by public sentiment could in this.case be a cause. Not that,oompromises are not often proper; butillat lid popular gov ernment cpn long survive a marked precedent that.these.who carry.an election can only save 'the giiirellinieht - froznltinnedlite destruction by fitirierrithirtatihi=point• upon which the peo ple gave the election. The people themselves, and not their ser vants, can safely reverse their own deliberate decisions. • Asa private citizen, the Executive, could not "have consented that these institutions shall perish. Much less could he, in :bettayg of so vast and so sacred a k -o st as these free eople had confided to him. He felt thathe had no moral right to shrink, nor even to - count the chances of his own We in what. might follow. In full view of his great responiibility he has AO far done Ithathelas deflated hitiluty. You will now, according to your ownjudgment, per form yours. He sincerely"hopes that your views and your action ruityso'eozord , with his as to assure all faithful citbseos who have been disturbed in their rights oti daft& and speedy restoration to them;under the constitution and the laws. And hairing thus chosen Our climes without guile and with:pure yurpose; let unrenew our trust In God, and go forward without fear and with manly hearts. July 4, 1881. IMllth Congress-I'VA liession. fisreasa.—Mr. Has (N. H.) &led hp his res •olution offered yesterday to proceed.to the elec tion of Sergeant-at-Aims of" the Senate. Oi the flint ballot . 41 riteirwerkciat, as fol lo.ws: Geofge 'F. Brown 20 D. R. .. . .... 9 George Brown 2 R. Beale 1 ,- Ifr. George F. Brown was declared elected. He - appeared and took the 'mint oath. Mr. Harms offered ,a analatieri that the Waxy of hlr.Nair . ' paid Deacuaber. laid , , , , °Var. - Mr. 'Sarraintny (Del.)usked the 'Senator from New Hampshire if Mr. Mehlefewee - a worthy officer why he had been removed*, au? Mr. Him: acid if the Senator would tell him 'why the State of Delaware refute/ad Mr. Cann ot and sent (Saulsbury) litre,' erhaps he would anmw, j Mr. Clutsmitimi (M gape gape Roth* that he should, to-morrow, intoduosk e t bill to con fiscate the property of All the Goverrions of ths titans, the latnislitsra of - the isandaturim, Judaea of the Courts,:and-all them:Mb:oy caloers above the rank Of lientenant„ who dual take up arms againstllte Government of the United States, or aid Eir abet treasons:gin ist the thivemment, and tbatall sixth persons be fortiverridhsqualified from holding any office hcmorostnolument or'trust in the Government atiO) property to be applied to'rettore tO the UnlOn men m the Abet Statee; any loaseethely hie) , hale suffered. message was reasivelifroarthcitHouse that that bodY, 4 4 4 - ePP.94 1 t 4 4 Cgamittes to wait -9 0 n the PFeeSent a nd inform . that the House wait Midi- to receive any bommtudoatiou from fdoo, MmankAhde (N.-11.)asularbwning(M.) were appointed a allagar , CCad444€o, oa•the part of the; Senate. The Senate then tCok a teem till half past one o'clock. • - ' After the reading of the message, in was or dered to be printed with the necompanying doenthenta.' • - ' Mr. Kale, (N. H.) gave notice that he should introduce a bill for. the tenipOnsty-increase of ;the NivY and the Semite then adjourned. Fars —The rallgintiOn /lithe &pate, yester day, was that of the Clerk, Mr. J'Oepb Nichol son, instead of the fiectetary, Dit—Dinkens. Room op appiPapprairirki:'" . , The Hansa met at •noton, 'and' 'Oh Shotion of Mr. Lovejoy,,„(lll.,) proceeded to the election of Sergeant-at-Arms. Metithi.llMigett, Edwaid;Eall;lohio) Gloss brenher, Seabrook and • Flood;.westirbandidates for Sorgearit-at-Arras. Ex-10 outcome'. Ball wee l elactea. • - • Mr. Carrnowas (Ki.l ap octaniktook the mat oath tolguiport tha don of the United States.'' • Yt. 4 Mr Joussox•- 4'14 , eminkt4lsla 'lmmortal toim Mr. Klinc,corit a stigg the ,a*S,,sl.ll.r. Ver- Tee; PertiaOlintala: Itafetredliti the'Oommit tee on Elections. ; : ; 00),V 41 Mr. Howell:m(1i. EL) offapedtaiebratition to P 9 A4Phe the de9tion of doorkeeper till the first of the regular sesaion. of Congrese. He raid t tha lir. Maidon:' ilustaifiea sev,ere afflic tion in the death Of wife'?consequenoe of this he had only arrived hfte 13st night, and therefore had had no opportunity to consult with his friends. Resolution tatdecl._ The - Nebraska election caSe "Wail ffißOUnied, and an ineffectual effort Wade toistibstitute Mr. Morton for Itir. Daley. FinalLpthalatter was sworn in. edi Mr. tharniss, (Pa.,) give'notkpohot,sp intro duction' ors bill to repearldr *Tea% creating ports of entry In the -rebellltrtniftideal also a bill to provide for holdings: United States Court in Wheelirig.. •, r,„s CANPEUELL, (Pa 4 preatbited;e4o4olatton, which' was adopted, •Idloviing Inembera the ansountheretoforallakt fos4tatiohriryand news papers. Mr. VAR Wrox asked leave to introduce a bill provid j pg for the trazuunthaion c f the letters of officers - aid soldiers free of Postage; Mr: Ituittatir, (my.,) being °PP°4 to the intratint privilege. Objected. Adjourned. FROM HAGERSTOWN. UNFOUNDED4I-11,ppiggVAT. kC licamativinT; July 6 . ofrtitt have been A. number unfounded', our in circulatton here dur in g - the Wen f hours, and . last Alga • out under the apprehension' thir an atte mp t . made to blo* the tis Wi- Care,. Eddy-uiet toOkprecautionartingiaurnot PAuttirialim during the - night, though strict p *blvd. was vied thigindrninit by Henry itcLeary-ii.tmg4t, Bangers, private ClUetenn; .t l / 1 ! f u. ` 00 '7, 4 3-th a t dime [ 'talitit'SedttlOttaltibt%-t4 th e y were spectful to the was ea _ presiea yerely reprimanded by Capt. maY 3 MfNMI July 6
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