1 The Tioga Comity AgUat&t' BY M. H. 0088. . i > - >t*7 Wednesday morning and it I id to snbcribera at ONEDODLAE AND FIFTS I NTS MrywdwaysilK ADVANCE, , : r The paper is sent postage free to county subs' Sera, though they may receive their mall-at post-jih Blo ated in counties immediately adjoining, for yen- Sence. " . r Seb AoiTiTOB is tlie Official paper of Tl tft , Co., and circulates in every neighborhood there.;! Snb rcripUens being on the advance-pay system, li.jinsu lates among » class most to the interest of a Cash paid for all kinds of grain. ’> . WRIGHT & BAIWIY. Wellsboro, April 29, 1863. ": Wool (larding and Cloth Dressing. THE subscriber informs his old cul&smers and the public generally that he is pretested to card wool and dress cloth at the old stand, the«T>ming season, having secured the services of Mr, J-i ’EET, a competent and experienced workman, and (Iso in tending to give his personal attention to the he will warrant ail work done at his shop. _ft Wool carded at five cents per pound, niH- Cloth • dressed at from ten - to twenty cents per yafjjs per •color and finish. J. L JACi'SON. Wellsboro, May 6,1883-tf. MARBLE SHOP. T All now receiving a STOCK of IT % .lAN JL and RUTLAND MARBLE, (bought wUI cash) and am prepared to manufacture all kinds * f TOMB-STONE^' and MONUMENTS at the lowest prices. • 1 HARVEY ADAMS is my authorized a(;e it and will sell Stone at the same prices as at the alio fc WE HAVE ISVT ONE PRICE, . -Tioga, May 20, 1863-Iy. A. D. if )LE. JOHN A. KOYi; TAEALER IN DRUGS AND ME DM NES, JJ Chemicals, Varnish, Paints, Dyes, SoiJ,», Per fumery. Brushes, Glass, Putty, Toys, Fanc;-'-,300d5, Pare Wines, Brandies, Gins, and other Lie *T s J or medical use. Agent for the sale of all the 1 Pat ent Medicines of the day. Medicines warran t d gen uine and of the r *’ BEST 'QUALITY, . Physician’s Prescriptions accurately comj jindod. The best Petroleum Oil which is superior to t y other or burning in Kerosin? Lamps. Also..ail otl ’ kinds Oils usually kept in a first class Drug Slo , ' tS~ FANCY DYE COLORS in packages ) 1 ready expounded, for the use of private familiS; : Also,- urc Loaf Sugar for medical compounds. Wellsboro, June 24, 1563-Iy. .*< . Insurance Agen« t» THE Insurance Company of North Amtica have appointed the undersigned an agent^stTioga County and vicinity. - '& As the high character and standing of th J«ompa ny give the assurance of full protection to Wr.ers of property against the hazard of fire, I solicij-ir th con fidence a liberal share of tho business of <-)'_*■' lounfy. This company-was incorporated in 1791. capital is 5500,000, and its assests in 1861 as per statement Ist Jan. of that year was $1254,719 81. CHARLES PLATT, tNiretary. ARTHUR g. COFFIN, Resident Office of the Company 232 Walant?Strecs Philadelphia. 3Vui, BuelUer, Central Agent Har -risburg, Pa. JOHN W. GUERNSEY, ’ Agent for Tioga County, P» ■ My 15, 1863. STATE SOIIJIAt SCHOf v, [For the sth District, Pa.] ; ' AND Mansfield 'Classical Semiuary. Eev. W. D. TAYLOR, A. M ..Principal. Mr Assistant. Mrs, I£. 6* t'atlob*, „Pree iplress. Miss H. A. Fabsswoeth, AssSltnnt. **•••» Assistant, and Teacher in Model^JioOio Assistant, and Teacher of Music.-; The Fall Term of this Institution will Sept. ? d - The Winter Term, Dec. 2d. The SprgftTcrm, #arch 16th, 1864. Each term to contitmtr/v hirteen *eeks. ,'■* . A Normal School Coarse of study for gtb* nation, c tab racing two years, is adopted.' *’ v i i Students for the Normal Course, and for.', i Clasai- Ca ‘ J ~ e P&rtment, are solicited. f f, or Particulars, address Ker.'W. D..TaVE* v >Mans «CW, Tioga County Pcnna. Send for a Cir* for. president of the Board of Twsfcees.' wll. HOLLAND, Secretary, , Mansfield, August 5,1863, ~ * ' THE AGITATOR BehotcKr to tfyt s3xunBion of tfjc of JFmfcom aws* tijt SgtftaS of f&mltits deform* WHILE THERE SHALL BE A WRONG UNRIQHTED, AND UNTIL “MAN’S INHUMANITY TO MAN” SHALL CEASE, AGITATION MUST CONTINUE, VOL. X. , 3*l*-ct poettj?* WHO .WILL CARE FOR MOTHER NOW P Why am X bo weak and weary? See how- faint my heated breath, All around seems -dark and dreary, Tell me, comrades, is thle death ? Ah, how well I know.yopr answer, . To my fate I’ll.meekty how, -If you will only tell me truly, Who will care for mother jjow ? C&ontrs: Soonwlth angels FIl be marching, . With bright laurels on my brow, , I hare for my country fallen. Who will care for mother now ? Who will comfort her in sorrow ? Who will wipe the falling tear? Gently emooth her wrinkled forehead, Who will whisper words of .cheer? Even now I think I see her, Kneeling, praying for me—how ; Can I leave her in her anguish? Who will care for mother now ? Soon with angels, «fcc. Let this knapsack be my pillow. And my mantle be the sky : Hasten comrades to the battle, I will like a soldier die. Soon with angels I’ll be marching,, With bright laurels on my brow, I have for my country fallen. Who will care for mother now ? ' Soon with angels, &c. AN AWFUX. DISASTER IN CHIU, From the Valparaiso Mercury, of Dee. 17. A catastrophe, gigantic, horrible, unexam pled in the annals of ohr.country, and perhaps of the world, has absorbed every one’s mind for many days past. We will use the utmost brevity in relating the calamity to our foreign readers. Ever since the newly-invented mystery of the Immaculate Conception of Mary, was declared at Rome, in 1857, the church of the Company, formerly belonging to the Jesuits, had become the focus of devotion of a vast sisterhood called the Daughters of Mary,.in which, on payment of so much a year, almost all the women of our capital were enrolled. 1 Every year, from the Bth of November to the Bth of December, the day of the Immaculate Conception, lasted a splendid festival, in which orchestral music, singing, and astonishing pro digality of incense, of lights of oil, liquid gas, wax, and every luminous combustiblo in the world, glittered and flared in every part, in the cornices, in the ceiling, and particularly on the high altar. night the church blazed with a sea of flame, and fluttered with clouds of muslin and gauze draperies. It could only be lighted op in time, by beginning in the mid dle of the afternoon, and the work of extin guishing was only ended when the night was far advanced. In 1858 they thought of adopt ing hydrogen gas, but the engineer’s plan, al though convenient and safe, was rejected. A priest Ugarte, whose mind mariol atry had marked for its own, headed that sis terhood from the beginning, and worked his way down to such a depth of superstition, that one of his last extravagances was the invention of a celestial post office trick, by which the Daughters of Mary might correspond with the Virgin in writing. At the entrance of the tem ple the Virgin’s letter-box was constantly open, and there persons of a robust faith deposited in sealed letters their wishes anditheir prayers.— Every Wednesday, that letter-box for eternity was placed before the high altar, and Ugarte, who acted as postman between the Mother of God and her daughters, exhibited to the divin ity those offerings—of course keeping that sin gular correspondence to himself. This same mountebank got up a religious raf fle for the favor of the Virgiu—in a recent in stance two prizes being drawn by a skeptical Minister of State and a woman whose character was “not dubious. -Tht old times of Pagan idolatry bad resusci tated in the center of exaggerated Catholicism. The cborch of “ the Company,” built in the latter half of the seventeenth century possessed a spacious nave, but a roof that dated only from fifteen years ago of painted timber. The only door of easy access to the congregation, was the principal one in tho center, the small doors leading into the aisles being opened only half way and obstructed by screens. Near the high altar there was a small door communicating with the sacristy. A few minutes before seven in tho evening of Tuesday, thoSthof December, more than 3,000 women and a few hundred men knelt in that church, crammed to overflowing. However, that did not prevent a compact mass of fanatics from attempting to fight their way in from the steps, because it was the last night of the Month of Mary, and no one could bear to lose the clos ing sermon of the priest, Ugarte, who always succeeded, by his .exciting declamations, in drowning in tears that place so soon to be a sea of fire. Then Ezaguirre, the Apostolic Nuncio and favorite of Pius IX, the founder of'the American college at Rome, was to preach also. It is said that Ugarte, wounded in bis feelings as chaplain of the “ Daughters of Mercy,” be cause Ezaguirre .had told him that the illumi nations of bis church could not be compared with what he had seen in Rome, exclaimed with enthusiasm, “ I will give him, when he come s to preach, such an illumination as the world has never seen.” Nobody can deny that Ugarte has kept bis word. Indeed, the lighting of all the lamps and can dles had hardly finished, when the liquid gas in a transparency on the high altar, set on fire its wood work, and wrapped in flame a kind of tabernacle wholly composed of canvas, paste board and wood. In less than two minutes, the altar, about twenty-three yards high and ten broad, was an inextinguishable bonfire. . The advance of the fire was perhaps even more rapid than the panic of the audience.— When the fire had flown from the altar to the roof, the whole flock of devotees rushed to the principal door. Those near the lateral doors were able to escape at the first alarm; others, and particularly the men, gained the little door of the sacristy; and lastly, those near the chief outlet, forced their way through the throng, even still struggling to get in, and indeed part • of which did get in, even in the face of the fire, stimulated by the desire of getting a good place, .which on this occasion meant a good place to die in. Then, the flames having crept along I WELIiSBOEO, TIOGA COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY MOEKIKG, PEBRUAEY 3, 1864. the whole roof, and consequently released the lamps of oil and liquid gas from the cornices to which they were strung, a rain of liquid blue fire poured down upon the entangled throngs below. A new and more horrible conflagration broket out then in that dense living mass.appalling the affrighted gaze with pictures tenfold more awful than those wherein the Catholic imagination has labored to give an idea of the tortures of the damned. In less than a quarter of an hour, two thousand human beings bad perished—in cluding many children, but very few men. ■ 'Although many heroic men performed pro digies of daring and strength in tearing some from the death-grasp of the phalanx of death that choked the door—in some cases literally tearing off their arms, without being able to ex tricate them—the number of saved by this means falls short of fifty. More than five hun dred persons of our highest society have per ished—the greater part young girls of fifteen to twenty years. One mother has perished with her five daughters. Two-thirds of the victims were servants, and there are many houses in which not one has escaped. Several houses have been noted by the police as empty, be cause all their inhabitants have perished. The people think of nothing but the victims and their obsequies. All with one voice demand the demolition of the ruinous walls of the fatal temple, and the offering of a monument to the dear memory of the martyrs. The municipal body solicited this, by the medium of a com mission on the 12th, and the Government is re solved on compliance. Resistance is threatened on the part of the clergy; but such exaspera ting and indecorous folly would infallibly call forth a general rising of the people. The past fortnight has produced no other oc currences worth chronicling, and even if it had, they would not seem deserving of mention in this night of heavy anguish. During the last week, the tribunals and the Government itself have suspended their labors. The people only weep, and their public wri ters could only offer tears to the nation’s mourn ing. Santiago, Dec. 14,1863. Before three o’clock in the afternoon, the hour appointed to petition the .President of the Re public for the demolition of the walls of the church of “ the Company,” a numerous, and select meeting of all the social classes had col lected in the open space in front of the ruins. The decree of demolition having been signed by His Excellency, Don Guillermo Malta ascended to the upper story of the Congress House, and thence addressed the people, reading the decree promulgated n few hours before, and calling for a tica for His Excellency, which was enthu siastically given by the,immense assembly that filled the square. The orator proceeded then to protest, in the name of religion and humanity, against' those who attempted to qualify as sacrilegious the people’s longing fot the defnolition. “To wreak its revenge on ns,” ho added, “ super stition tries to lash and goad the ignorant pas sions of the rabble into violence; but its feeble efforts aro in vain, because we have noveg strayed from the great principles of pure reli gion. Fanaticism spreads its murky nets against) the happiness and peace of society. Let ns quench its firebrands, with the sincerity and nobleness of our intentions. THE OFFERING CP OF THE EVENING SACRIFICE. A dreadful visitation has fallen upon us. Truly this is a day of trouble and rebuke and blasphemy. Tbe voice of lamentation is heard all over the land—the bitter weeping of fathers, husbands and lovers, for those who were the joy and brigMness of their life—that refuses to be comforted because they are not. Hundreds of young girls—yesterday radiant j and beautiful in tho luxuriant bloom of tbe fresh, hopeful spring of life—to-day, calcined, hideous corpses, horrible,loathsome to the sight, impossible to be recognized. The Bth of December was a great triumph for the clergy of the Church of tbe Jesuits in Santiago. An enthusiastic audience tilled eve ry nook. There were hardly any men there, but 3000 women, comprising the flower of tho beauty and fashion of tbe capital, were at tbe feet of the ecclesiastics, very many against the will of fathers and husbands; bnt that, of course, only shewed forth the power and might of tbe gospel. Never had such pyroteehny been seen before —20,000 lights, mostly camphene, in long fes toons of colored globes, blazed tbe church into a hall of fire. But the performance had not yet begun, when the crescent of fire at the foot of tho gigantic image of the Virgin over the high altar, over flowed, and climbing up tho muslin draperies arid pasteboard devices Ho the wooden roof, rolled a torrent of flame. The suddenness of the fire wasawful. The dense mass of women, frightened out of their senses—numbers fajnting, and all entan gled by their long swelling dresses, rushed as those who knew that death was at their heels, to the one door, which soon became choked up. Fire was everywhere.’ Streaming along the wooden ceiling, it flung the paraffine lamps, hung in rows there, among the struggling wo men. In a moment, the gorgeous church was a sea of flame. Michael Angelo’s fearful picture of Hell was there, but exceeded. Help was all but impossible. A Hercules might have strained his strength in vain to pull one from the serried mass of frenzied wretches who, piled one above another, as they climbed over to reach the air, wildly fastened the gripe of death upon any one escaping, in order that they might be dragged out with them. Those who longed to save them, were doomed to bear the most, harrowing sight that ever seared hu man eye-balls. To see mothers, sisters, tender and timid wo men, dying that dreadful death that appals the stoutest heart of man, within one yard of sal vation, within one yard of men who would have given their lives, over and over again, for them —it was maddening;—the screaming and wringing of hands for help, as tbe remorseless flames came on; and then, save when some al ready ddad with fright, were burnt in ghastly indifference, their horrible agony, some in prayer, some tearing their hair and battering their faces; TYomen seized in the embrace of the flames, were seen to undergo a transformation as though by an optical delusion, first dazzlingly bright, then horribly lean and shrank up, then black statues, rigidly fixed in a writhing attitude. The fire, imprisoned by the immense thick ness of the walls, had devoured- everything combustible by ten o’clock. Then, defying the sickening stench, people came to look fop their lost ones. Oh, what a sight the fair placid moon looked down npon! Close'packed crowds of calcined, distorted .forms, wearing the fearful expression of the last pang, whose smile was once a hea ven, the ghastly phalanx of black statues twis ted in every variety of agony, stretching ont their arms as if imploring mercy, and then of the heap that had choked up the door, multi tudes with the lower parts perfectly untouched, and some all a shapeless mass, but with one arm or foot unscathed. The silence, after those piercing screams were hushed in death, was horrible. :It was the silence of the grave, unbroken, but by the bit ter wall or fainting cry. Two thousand sonls had passed through that ordeal of fire to the judgment-seat of God. Heroic acts of sublime daring have not been wanting. Enduring gratitude has been excited in every Chilian heart, by the gallant efforts of Mr. Nelson, the Minister of the United States, his countryman, Mr. Meiggs, and several other foreigners. There were generous men who de fied the fury of the flames to save lives, and some of these died martyrs to their noble hearts. An Englishman or American, it is unknown which, was seen to rush through the flames, to seize in bis powerful arms a lady, stride with her a little way, and then, his hair in a blaze and choked with smoke, fall hack into the vol cano, never to rise again. A young lady, named Orolla, having in vain implored some bystand ers, on her knees, to save her mother, rushed in, and shortly afterward miraculously issued forth, bearing her glorious load. A young lady of the name of Solar, just be fore the 'smoke suffocated her, had the presence of mind to knot her handkerchief round her leg, so that her corpse might be recognized. The population of Santiago, so supine and so priest-ridden, is fired with indescribable indig nation at the monstrous conduct of the priests. The public conscience holds them guilty of the death of all those victims—nnd particularly the mountebank Ugnrte, because by; collecting together all the material most likely to produce a fire—a countless number of lights, pasteboard scenery and muslin hangings, admitting a vast crowd —and covering the one door open with|a screen, they took every pains -to bring about this tragedy. When the fire broke oiit and peo ple were escaping by the sacristy, they blocked op this door to devote themselves the more un disturbedly to saving their gim-oracks. The list lof thiugls saved makes one’s blood run cold. What the p jests saved, what they have put away in cigar shops and the bouses in front are —a gilt some woaden saints, u sacred sofa or two, some books, chalices, silver can dlesticks, and a great deal of sacred matting and carpet 1 After saving their trash, these specimens of the good shepherds that give their life for their sheep, flew away in company with the owls and bats that infested the ancient walls, except that one priest favored the agonizing victims with his absolution, and Dgarte requested them to die happy, because they went direct to Mary. They then forsook the scene, and in that awful night, when fainting women and desperate men strewed the streets, and writhing forms, that a few boors ago were graceful and beautiful mai dens, moaned and died in chemists’ shops, not a priest was to be seen to whisper a word of Christ’s comfort to the dying ear, or hold the precious crucifix before the glazing^eye. No, not so, for the Priest of Nature was there, a ministering angel in the dark hour, tended and soothed as__usaal. One young lady, God bless her 1 tore up all her underclothing to make bandages, and' bound op the wounds as only woman can. All this awful night, tho only thing that reminded of the clergy was the in cessant tolling of bells, about tbe only thing they could do to increase the horrors of the scene. This being the third, time that this church has filled our homes with weeping, all with one voice demand that it never should be rebuilt; but the priests, foolishly defiant and despotic as ever, threaten to let off their miserable medie val pop-guns, at those they term tho sacrile gious alienators of holy ground. Their audacity has even led them, to attempt’ an appeal to violence. On the 11th’ they appeared on tho scene to take possezsion of ths blackened rains, and in sult public opinion, by droning masses for the souls whoso bodies they had destroyed ; but the sentinels drove them off with tho butt ends of J their muskets. The contempt and horror of these priests in crease with their insolence and inhumanity. They preach thafthe irreparable loss of so many of the fairest and most virtuous of Chili’s virgins and matrons, is a special mercy and mi racle of Mary, who wished to take them at once, without delay, to her bosqip. One monster ex ults openly at that which lias stamped eternal grief and horror on ( nr hearts, “ Because Chili wanted a supply of saints and martyrs.” O, as we write, onr eyes fill with tears —no- thing can console ns in this affliction—we can think of nothing else but our loss of those who will never come back to ns; —bnt still there will have ensued vome good, if tho dark degra ding dominion of tbe priests has melted away in the smoke of that awful burnt sacrifice, which, laden with the dying breath of 2,000 victims, rolled up to accuse Dgarte and his ac complices of xnnrder before the throne of God. Coleridge, tho poet and philosopher, once arriving at an inn, called out, “ Waiter, do you dins here collectively or individually J” 11 Sir,” replied the knight of the napkin, “we dines at ei*.” A hast cannot borrow in his counting-room for ten or twenty of the best years of bis life, and Como out as much of a man and as little of a mole as when be went ini ©osrtaaionJJcnte. LETTER FROM THE FAR WEST. Trip to Denver—the Country and Scenery — Suffering on the Plains—Growth of Denver, and its Vices —A Gay Holiday—Dull Trade —High Prices, etc. Denver Citt, C. T., Jan. 1, 1864. ' Dear Agitator:—lt is almost a month since I last wrote yon from Latham; and having a desire to spend at least one holiday in the great Rocky Mountain Metropolis, yesterday morning I took a seat in the overland coach, and after a i ride of nineteen hours, reached here, at half past three this morning. The distance from Latham here, is flyout sixty miles ; yet the trip seomed to me to be about two hundred and fifty. The weather has been terrible cold, and it has snowed and drifted so there are no signs of any road—and we have had to come on a walk most all the way. Between Latham and this city, there are three changes of mules—at Big Bend, Fort Lupton, and 14 mile station. In the summer months, or when there is no snow, there can be noJictter road on earth. The soil is of coarse gravel, and the roads remind me of -those thro’ Central Park in New Yorki . Leaving here, the road follows the sooth fork of the Platte all the yay, though in some places it is five miles off, leaving the stream at the right. The country, except near the river, is rolling prairie, and the soil so sandy that nothing but buffalo'gross and cactus plant will grow. . I do not like the country at all, between Julesburgh and Latham, a distance of one hun dred and forty miles. Aside from the Platte river, there is little to be seen hut sand banks and sand hills. Along this stream, there is very little scenery worth looking at ; and eve rything looks alike, until you get a sight of the Mountains, which are visible over a hundred miles. Twelve miles from Latham, away to the right of Big Bend, we have a view of Fort St. Vrain, the county seat of Weld county , and fifteen miles farther, we pass the ruins of Fort Lnpton, erected nearly thirty years ago, ont of sod, as a protection against the hostile Indians. Here we begin to notice good farms, in the val ley of tlie Platte, and some fine ranches, the owners of which are reaping' arich harvest from the freighters that are constantly- traveling the plains. The oldest inhabitants and freighters, who have been on t here for years, say that this is Jhe hardest winter ever experienced country. The snow is from one to three feetjdeep; and so cold has been the weather, that thousands of cattle , have died, and the road is completely lined with the dead carcasses, which make good living fur the wolves, that are always roving about on the plains. Hundreds of cattle have died from starvation. The price of hay out here having advanced to §75 per ton, there are any amount of men low and mean enough to sell their hny and lettheir cattle starve-to death. What is there too mean for a man to do, who will sell his last pound of hny, and let his poor dumb brutes, that are nothing but living skele tons, starve before his face and eyes ? This is my eleventh arrival in this place ; and in loss than a year, I have travelled about four teen thousand five hundred miles on a stage coach, and have been out on the road abontonc hundred and thirty daya, making an average of a trifle over one hundred and eleven miles a day. There has been a wonderful change here since I left this, place, on the 12th of last August.— At that time, in the main business portion of tho place, the roins of the great fire last spring would stare at a person everywhere; but now, large and magnificent brick blocks greet the eye on every corner. One can hardly believe that such a wonderful town baa sprung up in the short space of five years; yet such is tho case ; and.the place bids fair to rank, some day, with some of the large eastern cities. The wealth of the Rocky Mountains, or Pike’s Peak region, that is so fast becoming developed, will warrant the building of a here ; and with such a start as Denver has at the present day, she can hid defiance to any town that may hereafter spring up in this immediate vicinity. Situated as beautifully ns it is, with the clear sparkling waters of the Platte so gently gliding through if, the lofty peaks in the mountains frowning down upon it, that really seem bat a short walk from here, with stages from Santa Fe, Atchison, Salt Lake, California, and tho Gregory gold mines, coming in every day, it seems that tho place must soon become some thing more than an ordinary town. There are probably but few places of the size and population of Denver, where vice is so ex tensively practiced as here., Gambling bouses are upon every street, and gambling is here carried on to perfection. Every few steps, on any street we pass, isjigrog shop, ora house of prostitution. * This is a gay day for the people of Denver. I never saw the sleighing better; and hundreds are out in sleighs, cutters, jumpers, sleds, and every conceivable thing that can have runners attached to it. Sleighing is a rare and precious “ institution”, in this city; and the jingling bells every minute remind me of the many hap py hours I have spentin Wellsborongh; though I have not ridden on a sleigh a mile for the past seven years. Business here this winter, I am told, is very dull, and never were so many poor people suf fering. There is bat little building going on, and consequently no demand for laborers. Peo ple who are willing to go into, the mountains and work in the mines, can get good wages; bnt this is the wrong country for a man, unless he is willing to torn his hands to anything.— Flour sella for 812 per hundred ; corn meal 812; buckwheat flour, §l5 ; potatoes, $6 a bushel; butter, eighty cents per pound ; eggs, $1 per dozen; wood, $l2 per cord, though it has sold within the last month for $25. In spite of the hard tiroes, two theatres are In full blast, well filled,"and occasionally giip a “ benefit” for the poor and suffering. All places of amusement here are pretty extensively pa tronized, Every one who can '* raise the wind,” is bound to she the “ elephant.” F. A. R. T»» phrase “ down in the month” is said to bav« been originated by Jonah, about the time the whale jwaUawed bintf Rates of Advertlsliig, Advertisements will bo charged $1 per sqsnreaf 1 1 Uses, one or three insertions, and 2S cents tor ore tf subsequent insertion. Advertisements of less then 19 lines considered as a square. The subjoined rales • f ° r Qaarts,rl ?> Half '- S ' eari ? * bi SWJ* Q 1 Square, 2 do 3 do. .. ■i Column,, i do, 1 do. 25;00 S^OO Advertisements nbt having the number at lz,Lr tions desired marked upon them, will bo published until ordered out and charged accordingly. Postbrs, Handbills, Bill-Heads, Letter-Heads and all kinds of Jobbing dona in country establishments executed neatly and promptly. Justices’,Constable's andjither BLANKS, constantly on bond. tfO. 23. A. “Traveller,” in a letter to the Londori Times, says:— “ I can assure yon, if we go to war with iha Japanese, we must not blind ourselves withtbd belief that we shall have a second Chinese af fair. They are bold, courageous, proud, and eager after every kind of knowledge.—A friend of mine gave a workman a Bramah lock to put on a box ; it was not discovered until going time afterward, and only then by the absence of the itfime, that the lock had been intimated, and as the workman confessed, the original kept as a pattern, I have been on board 8 steamer (paddle) which used three years ago to run between Nagasaki and Jeddo, six hun dred miles, whose engines and boilers and every part of her machinery, were made of copper; She was built by a doctor in Jeddo, whose only guide was a Dutch description of a steam en gine translated into Japanese. An American gunnery officer was sent over in,1859. in the Powhaten, to teach them gunnery. He wag courteously received, and then taken over the arsenal at Jeddo. He returned to 'theship* saying “ he bad been tanght a lesson instead of having to teach.” : “In many of the arts and mannfactiuried they excel us; their beautiful castings in bronze would puzzle the most experienced European workman. I have shown to clever workmen who confessed they coaid not imitate them. Though they do not know how to blow glass, I have seen samples which would rival in brilliancy any made in England. Tbe French Minister had a large ball, so clear and of such perfect color that he believed it'to be a gigantic sapphire, and bought it for a good round sum. Their paper imitations of leather are perfect; their paper water-proof 'coats are bought by tbe pptains of ships for their ex posed boats' crews: their own clocks are good; and they have ijnma ted our watches; they walk about with ‘pcnoWters' attached to their belts, and they are not backward in copper plate en graving and ‘ perspective; Their china is far superior to the Chinese. The country cbounds with coal, though they only use that found close to the surface : but,, even that; a sort bituminous shale, is good. In gold and silver I believe they could rival Mexico and Australia : iron, copper and tin are found in profusion. A friend of Yokohama gave a Japanese a pieod of English cotton shirting ; in a few days the man brought back two pieces, and my friend had much difficulty in saying which was his, so closely bad it been imitated. In fact they surd a people who want for nothing bnt teachers/' Noon in a Brazilian Forest. An almost death-like quietude reigns, but it is a quietude induced by the furnace-like heat of the vertical sun, whose rays pour down with direct fierceness, from which there is no sbad-t ow, except actually beneath some thick tree; such as the mango, whose dense and dark foli age affords an absolutely impenetrable umbrella in the brightest glare. Such, too, is the smooth harked mangabeirn, a tree of vast bulk, with s a wide-spreading head of dense foliage, be neath which, when the sun strikes mercilessly on every other spot, all is coolness and repose. The birds are all silent, sitting with panting beaks in the thickest foliage; no tramp or voice of beast is board, for they are sleeping in their coverts. Ever and anon the seed capsule of some fore St-tree bursts with a report like that of a musket, and the scattered seeds are heard, pattering among the leaves, and then all relap ses into silence-again. . Great butterflies, with wings of refulgent azure, almost tool dazzling to look upon flap lazily athwart the'glade, of alight on the. glorious flowers. Little bright eyed in panoply that glitters in the sun,, creep about the parasites of the great trees, or rustle the herbage and start at the sounds themselves have made. Hark! There, is the toll of a distant hell. Two or three min utes pass,—another toll I Alike interval, then another toll 1 purely it is the passing boll-of some convent,' announcing the departure of a soul, fto such thing; it is the note of a bird. It is the cmnpanero; or bell-bird of the Ama zon, a gentle little creature; much like a snow white pigeon, with a sort of soft fleshy .horn on its forehead, three inches high. This appen dage is black, clothed with a few scattered white feathers, and being hollow and commu nicating with the. palate, it can bo inflated at will. The solemn clear bell-note, uttered at regular intervals by the bird, is believed to be connected with this structure. Be this nig it m''y, the silvery sound, hqard only in the depth of the forest, and scarcely ever except at mid day, when oilier voices are mute, falls upon the oar of the traveller with a thrilling and ro mantic effect. The jealously recluse habits of the bird have thrown an air of mystery over its economy, which heightehs the interest with which it is invested. In these days.when “ villainous saltpetre” is so active, it mdy bo interesting to read a brief account of the process of its manufacture : The usual composition of powder is seventy five parts saltpetre, fifteen of charcoal, and ten of sulpher. The saltpetre is quite impure when first mined, and has to be prepared by a pecu liar process. The charcoal is also prepared with great care, and is made wholly from soft woods. Dogwood is used for the best sporting powder, alder and willow being employed fop government and blasting powder. The sul phur mostly comes from Sicily, where it is de posited by volcanic action. ■ After the various proportions of saltpetre; charcoal and- -sulphur have been carefully weighed, they are taken to the mixing machine, and planed in the hopper. This machine con sists essentially of a large box. In - which re volves a set of large copper-toothed combs. The ingredients being set in rapid motion, fall from the hoppef into the square box, and in their passage are met by the comb*, which dash the: particles about as if hurled by a whirlwind, and, before they can pass iota the receiver have mixed them meet effectually; Skostes, SJiosthS. ISaojtr St: ' *3,00 §4,50 $6,00 -• *>«® 6,50 8,00 "■ I’ll B’so 8 ’ 50 10,00 ..3,00 f 1,50 J 2,50 10,00 20,00 25,00 J&Cjmlisng* THE JAPANESE. How PoWder is Made. I