Terms of Po plication. ffC TIOGA. COUNTY Ai tITATOK is published 1 Wednesday' Morping, 4 jd mailed to subscribers very reasonabl&pricet ,' • DOLUfR;? ft ' ; ■ U„i» lt Mi l tended to notify eyery when tbs term fos which he haspaid shall fi _ jreB gftfae printed label on the paper: The paper will then be stopped bsTS in f. r ther remittance be received. By. this ar- Scti' » n „ man can be brought in debt to the ' K 'lonAioiiia tho .Official Pap® l ’ nov2l,Co pE^SVIiV HOUSE. ■ ttro ] 1/uMi Street and the Aifn«e. W/elltboro, Pa. J, w. BIti OKY, PROJiUETQR. Jii, popular Hotel, having bejin rc-fijtcd and re jlibeil throughout, is now open to the public as a' Jt-class hoUhS. l2il£ WALT©? HOUSE, ‘ c. VEIIMILYEA, PfiOPJII-BTOII. Gaines, Tioga Cojlnty, Pa. UP i< » new hotcj located easy access of ths best fi-hing and hunting grounds in Northern i'o pains aiU'bo spared foiytha accommodation •leisure seekers and lire trardlng public. [nnl 12. ISi’.n. ’ . G. C. C. CABIiBELI., . SiltBER A’XD BAli. -DUES SEJR. HOP in the rear of the Post <> pee. Everything in bij lure will be done ns reel; promptly as it ,V done in the city saloon's, (preparations for re ring dandruff, and beantifyit 5 the hair, for sale if. Ilai- and whiskers dyed;, ay color. Call and iVellsbero. Sept. 22, 1859. : THE COBNIffCI f/r »rgre W. Pratt, Editor aid proprietor. ipablishei nt Corning, Steuben 00., N.Y., at One Mhr and Fifty Cents per year, in advance. The rnalis Republican in politic?, and has a circula-' reaching into every part of Steuben County.— «e dijrous of extending their .business iqko that the adjoining counties ayill find it an excellent :ingmc>lum. ’Address as above. irELtSBOBO I|oTE TL, VrELT.SuOKOUGII,' PA. : fauß, - - - - PIfbPKITETOR. [Formerly of the I uiled Hotel.) iTia; loaded this wcdl known ft,nd popular Jlou?e, -L- i*ie palronago of the pubwjc. With attentive j : j!i»i a g waiters, together witln the Proprietor’s wfgeTd tbfi buslaws, he hope’s lo ronko tlUslay if.ft who stop srith him f v pleasadt and nWc. • I ! f&boro. May 31, 1360. : UE FBAIISG, ES, Portraits-, Pictures, Certificates 7eodle Work. £c., framed in in plain and ornamented! Gilt. iVnlniit, Oak, Mahogany, io., Per licie for framing, can receive them any style they wish and hung for it ■ SMITH’S BO|OK STORE. EJU3BICT, Mi D., . the public that.bo’is permanently Elklaod* Boro, Tioga Co. Pa„ and [y years’ experience to treat ail dia nd their appcnd&ges on scientific t he can cure .'with out fail, that ■ailed St. VitugJ Dance, {Chorea ill attend to anyf'-other business in ,nd Surgery. igostS, 1800. *' R AND F®ED STORE WSLZ.SBO ft'O. ouM rc.-'peotfullyiiprorm the people tciuily that be bug opened a , & FEED STORE . (Jibson’p Drug iStfjre, on Main St., constantly on bsid as good an pa il and FEED.is can bo found in which he will soli cheap fop cash. Also, of Choice Wines and |iiQnor«^ rDP'Ti >r quaJi,!;, anil warranted (free fron> ttdul pV'-Wli bo will se n to Lumbermen and others r j£ 'ai,e, cheaper than any other esljablishnHTit in. rj* 0 ania, j. J. EATON. , ‘-■lOl3, Dec ;y, 1300. ‘i'\ ■ : 'fBIGHT &c BAI^fV, P?'«urol the Rest mills in tho'gejinty. ore now’ F e 'J to do " Si Woi-fe, aiercluSt Wttrh, that can be 4 no in Country [’, t,f) Sire perfect satisfaction, W, MEAL AND f FEED, ( AT . W i IOLESALE 0R B-HiAIL, iiifi 6 ' 0 op at the mill. Cash or 1,/,**' 11 ! for grain at the market price. * °' t '' ‘ -* •. tbe corpo iAILEY. ftZ h . M 4; kinds of t.utber und Shpe btea.l, , onsta ? t, y on bond anji foraale at loir ready> pay» lti SlA K PE , LTStaken in oxohjnge for Goods "V ; JO'S?,HIBEROLE. I 1 siefcotear to jj|st myttmion ot tfce Uttn of iTmtrow of Mtform. ’-i- »'■ » '■* ' i __ £j c ' ' ’ ' - • - ' * - - OfL. VIII. | [From the New YoUc Ledger.] jjjp I NOT V€T. • jl' i bV william ccLifes bbvaxtli Oh country, marrel of thiieartb! | I |oh realm to sudden.gre&tnesfl growl Tbe age that gloried in tby birth, ]' ;j i JShall it behold thee overthrown ? sjj 1 lay that gradtnesa low filj.' 1% Land of Hope and Blessing, No|j. Aid we who wear thy glorious nameJiLr .; ! Bhall we, Uko cravens, apartjl ? 1 When those whom thou hist trusted Jim- 1 i STbe death-blow at thy generous Edith goes the battle-cry, tandlo 5 Ip 1 * Hosts rise la harness, shotting, No (j( Arid they who founded, inj our land, • \ jChe power that rules fromsea to-aefL | * Bl tear— - j '] s Po| "scornful hands aside t|. ’j j Earth’s ancient kings, -shall rise and s«% |; ‘iProud country, weleorop to the pi® ' ! i J So joon art thou, like us, brought low^ , | , >ij ; NoJsullen group of shadows. No! gj 1 !j Forjnow, behold, the arm fiat gave Jj! ji Too victory in our fathers’ day, L ( jj String, ns of old, to guard bnd save—f- Ttiot mighty arm which none can On tlouds above fields below,' ?! Writes, in men's sight, the answer, No£!' GEN. EUTEEB ON THE CONTfiJU, ’ 1 QUESTION. :|j' i 1 The following interesting letter fro |i funeral 'Butler lias been received at; the Wa| Depart ment; j ' i‘ 1 i| ; j “lI£a6(|uaRTEBS DECABTMENt OP VlßdjSjk, l ) Fortress Monroe, July! 30, 1861;| j ;{! 1 J °IIonS. Simon Crmerdn, Secretary, K)pi War —rSif * ißy an ordet_4eceived on the DMrtfing of the 26tf| of July, IFom Mujoif General!.Spott, I was commanded -to forward! of the fijoqbs of this department, four regiments and dtjbmf, in cluding ICol. Baker’s California Bejj|nmi.t, to Washington via. Baltimore. This erderiraacbed me at 2 fi’clook A. m., by special boat feipra 'Bal timore. | Believing that it empnated bieiapse of some passing exigency foij the dafpnke of Washington,'! issued my orders besirej day break fo ■ the embarkation ofjthe troo|!sj lend ing thost who were among thje very lfest| fegl mcnts I lad. In the course of the fillmying day they were all embarked fdr Baltimprel.p'itl) the exception of sooie dOO, fur whom F Mdjnot transportation, although I linq till the transport force in the hatAis of the Quirtermasarilhlere, to aid tin Bay line of steamers, whiclt by {the same ordn from the Lieut. General, w|i ®ipec ted to fui nish transportation.- Up to£ tiHii at he time if the order, I had'bpcn prep|^ihb|fur an advance movement by whiijh I hopeljtoicrip ple tbensuurces of tbe enenjy at' and especially by siezing a 1 irge iyj- of negroes who were being pressed into rice in liuilding tbe imrencimints tjblei-e.j 1 hpd five i ays previously been Enabled fnrthefiist time, tbe first company ® Bight Artillery, which I bad been enlpuwered||D rfyiise, and they had but a s'ngle rifli*lcannon|pu Ivon sis-pount er. Of course, everything, nljlsqjand did yield to the supposed exigency, or ders. This ordering away tba troops ftim-Juiis departmeit, while it weakened the Jrjstg at Newport News, necessitated the withdin the troop i from Hampton, where I w|k (Wen throwing up intrenched works-to enabl^jra«|to .hold the town with a small force, [jlad vanced ujvlhe York or James ri\er. .jjnijtpe village of Hampton, there a large |i|u ifijber of negroes, composed in-a gj-eat mcaltmji jof women arfd children of the men who lap flpd thither, wfthin my lines for protection, \||ii bad escaped fijom maurauding parties of UclMs ’vjio hall been gathering up able-bodied them in ici.nstructing their tatiericsyn Uie James and York rivers. I bakT emplofld the men' in Hampton in throwing ujj intrencMi lilt's, and they lero working zealously and efifeu ijt y at that doty, saving our soldiefs from tfiatjjlr bor underithe gleiim of the mid-day | 'plie women w-dre. earning substantially thefts- ohjn subsistence in washing,-marketing. nnd|||a ditg care of tbh elothes of the -soldiers, and Wittis were hoinl; served out to the mbn whir Mirkqd for the sifpport of the children. But else evacuatiot| of Hampton; rendered the withdrawal of troops, leavihg me 5,000 m<|n outside the Port,'including th||fh&e at Newppijt News', all these blnjck peoplojwdra j obliged tjo break up their homqs at j fleeing across the creek within my lines fp Pt ( j' tectio'n and support. Indeed it was a mq|tdbi-1 pressing sight, to see these poor creaturegi wipe Bad trusted to the protection of the arms|qf tip | United States', and who aided the troops (g tM j United Stiles in their enterprise, to bl|tkM obliged to flee from their homes, and the Mirnfep of -their-miisfcrs, who had deserted ! become fukftives • from fear of the rct||n jpf ‘the Rebel Soldiery, who had threatened paliqp the mem who had wrought for us,‘ ( and to off the wortien, who had served oi to ®.|f|onfc than KgyptiQD bondage. I have within the (Peninsula, this side Of HaMptqq Creek, 900 negroes, SOO of v%ni are||itl|} bodied meL 30 of whom are m£fr-sub|l|infc ally past hard labor, 1/5 women, 225i upder the dge of 10 years, and 170 betwiMclfl and 18 yeats, and many more coining in. ■iJ ad questions which this state of facts presei|t| a||e| very embarrassing. -|j j l[j ••First —What shall be done with them | .niiffi Sepond, Wnat is their state and condition j, , "Upon these questions I desire the in|l| , ujJ J turn? of tbqDepartment. / : |i Ml; "The firs] question, hofr-ever, may |V answered % considering the last, -ffire p4fj?j men, womep. and children slaves ? Are j.Ahjv free? Is their condition that of men, wcjhfcjni and ohildrei, or of property, nr is i.t a relation? What their ~status was underl!tlih| Constitution find laws, we all know.' Whal^ii, ' t iHIM TORE re formerly ring on all i. Cotupe souring I)e -ifownm- HE i, r WHILE-THERE $33: LL BE A WBONG UNRIGHTBD, AND UNTIE "MAN’S INHUMANITY TO MAN" SHALL CEASE; AGITATION'MUST CONTINUE, 5f /LSBOROj TIOGA CQUKTYv f A., WEDNESDAY MORKfNG. AUGUST 14, 1861. s:**' ik^AHT) AGITATOR. been the effebt of rebellion and a state cf. war upon that statu# f When I adopted the theory of treating the able-bodied negro fit to work in the trenches,; as property liable to be used in aid of rebellion, and so contraband of war, that condition of things was in so far met ns I then and still believe, on a legal and' constitutional basis. But now a new series of questions arise. Passing by women, the children certainly can not be treated on that basis; if property, they must be considered (ho incumbrance, rather than the auxiliary of an army, and, of course, in no possible legal relation, could be treated as con traband. Are. they properly ? If they were so, they have been | left by their masters and owners, deserted, thrown away, abandoned, like the wrecked vessel upon the ocean. Their for- possessors and owners, have causelessly, traitorously, rebelltously, and to carry ctit the figure practically abandoned them to be swal lowed up by the winter storm of starvation. If property, do they not become the property of the salvors? .but we, their salvors, do not need and will not hold such property, and- will as sume no such ownership ; has not therefore all property relation ceased ? Have they not be come thereupon men), women and children? No longer under ownership of any kind, the fear ful relics of fugitive! movers, have they notby their masters' acts; and the state of war, as sumed the condition, which we hold to be the normal one, of those made in God’s image? Is not every constitutional, legal and moral re quirement, as well co the runaway master, as their relinquished slaves, thus answered ? I con fess that my own mind is compelled by this rea soning to look upon them as men and women. If not free born, yet free, manumitted, sent forth from the baud that held them, never to be reclaimed. “Of course, if this reasoning thus imperfect ly set forth is correct, my duty as d humane man is very plain. I should take the same care of these men, women and children, houseless, homeless and unprovided for, as I would of the same number of men, woriien end children', who for their attachment |o the Union had beendriv en or allowed to fleo from- the Confederate States. I should have no doubt on this ques tion, hud I not seen it stated, that an order had been issued by General McDowell in his depart ment, substantially forbidding all fugitive slaves from ootning withrn hisdines, or being harbored there. Is that order to.bo enforced in all Mili tary Departments ? so, who ore to be con sidered fugitive sfaves? 1 Is a slave, to be con sidered fugitive, whose master runs away and leaves him ? Is it forbidden to the troops to aid or harbor within their lines the negro chil dren who are found'therein, or is the soldier, when his march has destroyed their mentis of subsistence, to allow (hero to starve, because he hirs driven otf the Rebel master? How shall he, cc Inmander of regiment or battalion, sit in judgment upon the question, vhethcr. any,giv en black man has fled from, his master, or his master fled from him ? 'lndeed, bow are thfe free born to be distinguished ? Is one any more or lese a fugitive slave because he has labored upon the Rebel intrenohments? If he has so labored, if I understand ir, he is to be harbored. By the reception of wliicb„are the Rebels most to.be distressed, by taking those .who lave wrought all their Rebel masters desired, masked their battery, or those who have refused to la bor and left the battery unmasked. “I have very decided opinions upon the sub ject of this order. It does not become me to criticise it, and, I-write in no spirit of criticism, hut simply to explain the full difficulties that surround the enforcing it. If the enforcement of that order becomes the policy of the Govern ment, I, as a sdidier, shall be bound to enforce it steadfastly, if not cheerfully. But if left to my own discretion, as you may have gathered from my reasoning, I should take a widolyidit ferent course from that which it indicates. “In a loyal State I would put down a servile insurrection. In a state of rebellion I would confiscate that which was used to oppose my arms, and take p.ll that property, which consti tuted the wealth of that State and furnished the means by which the war is prosecuted, be side being the cause of the war ; and if, in so doing' it should be objected that human beings were brought to the free enjoyment of life, lib erty and the pursuit of happiness, such objec tion might not require much consideration. “Pardon me for addressing the Secretary of War directly Upon this question, as it involves some political considerations as well as propi iety of military action. “I am, Sir, your obedient servant, “Benjamin F. Butler.” Jeff. Davis on Treason —Jeff Davis in the summer of 1858, in ianeuil Hill, pronounced an anathema upon traitors nnd treason in lan guage to be remembered when he is captured, and the leaders banded will him in the sacrile ■gious attempt to overthrow the sacred edifice of the Constitution which]thiy had sworn to sup port, and which has’ giten them their wellfare. It was in such words as tlese that the chief of the traitors invoked confusion to traitors four short years ago ' i Among culprits, there is none more odious to my mind than a public officer who takes an oath to Support the Constitution—the compact between the States binding each other from the common defence and general welfare; of the o [ber—yet retains to himself a mental reserva tion that bo will war opijm the principles he has sworn to maintain, and upon the property' rights, the protection of wfiich are part of the compact of the Union. (Applause.) II is a crime to low to be named before\ihis as sembly. It is one which no man with self-res pect would ever comrAii. To swear that] he will support the constitution—to tafke an office which belongs in many of its relations to .all the States, and to use it as a means of injuring ii poition of the fetafe of which he is thns the representative, is treason to everything honor able to man 1 It is the hose and cowardly at tack of Ipm who gains tbo Confidence of anoth er, in order that he may [wound him; The Boston Post asks; “Who wants ,a bet ter ‘National Him’ than' Gen. Scott ?” The Hartford Courant answers; “No body,. Mr. Post. We can gel along with that and ‘tJncle Psalm/" OFF A MAN'S HEAD.- A writer in tlie Philadelphia Bulletin says,— "I was a student of medicitre-ihJParis, in 1858. -9,’and in company with other Ant erl can g, ,tj red of the hum-drum monotonous life of the tier Latin, I frequently roamed through the new) city on the west'bank of the Seine. Concerts and operas, gardens and singing cafes, bazaars' and houtsques were all visited by us. One)' evening at early du«k, a party bfus were stroll-' ing through the Rue Richelieu, and when near) the Boulevards, our attention was drawn to a 1 flaming poster of fin Easter Juggler, who was' performing at some Hall on the "boulevard du Temple. Among other things, very wonderful,; this man would cut off the head of a living man,) and defy any one to surprise liitn in the’triok. 1 Being considerably accustomed to manipulating with a knife in the dead, and being thoroughly, hardened to all sights of horror, we determined to go and see this wonderful necromancer. At the hour appointed, we repaired to the hall, and obtained a seat near the stage. After perform ing several wonderful tricks, the magician came forward and announced as his last feat of the evening, the act us! decapitation of a living man, apparently. To prevent feelings of horror among the ladies, ho assured the audience it was a trick of legerdemain, h;ere slight-offhand —that he did not unreality cut the manhi head off. With this he invited anyone in the audience, desirous of cn'pl>.-.I punishment, to step forward, promising speedy satbfaction. For some moments no vine seemed anxious for the honor. At length a soldier, a private in die infantry, stepped forward and. signified his readiness to be decapitated. There could have been, it was plain, no connirance between the men. No man darts assume the martial bear- I ing of France, without authority. j Directing the man to divest himself of hi« coat and neck-tie, the magician brought out his instrument of .death. It was an enormous knife resembling a ponderous cleaver, He ca-t it_dewn tq sliow--ks-xr eight,-OBd it left a large* impress in the boards. There was no .decep tion in the weight of the knife, He then made the man lie down, and placing the man’s head fair in a block, the magician fastened a long handle to his enormous knife, and proceeded very leisurely and with hedyy, well-directed strokes, to chop the man’s head off. Durng this he merely lowered the foot lights, without obscuring the view at all. Cries of horror and amazenn-nt burst from the terror-stricken audi ence, as, with every descending blow of the huge cleaver, the blood spurted away. The man who was undergoing the operation simply quivered iff the lower .limbs. Soon the dis membered head rolled on the floor, the blood issued by jets from the cut arteries, the jaws dropped, whi'e the eves were turned up in dear!). It was a horrible sight; The magician then took the bleeding head by the hair, and passed it not more than three fret from our party. It seemed to me a dreadful reality. I almost expected to see the fiefce get: d’ unite seize and arrest the murderer. Suddenly, but only for an instant, the room was darkened. In a moment all was light,again, and we saiv tfie magician hu-v hnptivaiing the head to (he bleeding trunk. Diligently ho (forked, and for some moments, apparently, to no purpose. All at once, however, he slapped the dead soldier smartly on the hack ; immediately the man arose, felt anxiously round his neck, looked foolishly around, and descended amidst the' audience. This is a veritable affair, and there arc living within three hundred miles i f Phila delphia those who can Vouch for its truth. BEETJAMIBT FEAMKLIN’a JOUKNAIi. Wo were shown a few days since at the P. 0. Department, the first journal of the Post -mastor General, being for the year ending Oct. 5,177 G. This journal was kept by Dr. Frank lin, nnd contains accounts of thirty eight offi cers, and shows the proceeds of the year to have amounted to £713 9s Old, [less than $3,- 500.] The hook contains about two hundred pages, only about sixty .of which are written upon, nnd contain the entire working of the post- jffices for that time. The following is the list of offices; Philadelphia, Cambridge. Bris tol. Trenton, Princeton, Elizabethtown, Statn ford, F'nirfield, Kew-Ijaven, fiew London, Sa lem, Ipswich, Middletown, Springfield, New hurg, Wilmington, Head of Elk, Hertford, ClUrlc.-town Bal imore, Annapolis, Upper Ma. 3; boro, Bladensburg, New Castle, Chester Town, Queenstown, Talbot, and Lancaster. Dr.- Franklin was appointed by the British in 1752, with a salary, with Ida confederate, of sis hundred pounds, “if they could get it.” This experiment brought him nine hundred pounds in debt. , In 1757 he gave notice that the mail between Boston and Philadelphia would leave orice a fortnight. lie was removed by the Brit ish, hot Congress appointed- him Postmaster General, at a salary of S-LOCO, which was dtuhledon the’-J6th of April, and in creased to S-5,000, December 27il£ , An Inspec tor of Dead Letters was also appointed 'at a salary of £lOOO. On.the 7th of November. 1770, Dr. Franklin was succeeded by Richard Bache. In 1790 there were seventy-live miles of post routes. The General Post Office was then in Nsw York. In 1790 Samuel Osgood, of Penn; svlvania, -was Postmaster General at a salary of 51,500. Timothy Pickering w-as appointed Aigust 12, 1781, at a salary of $2,000. Joseph llj.bberchaw was the hist Postmaster General appointed by Washington 1 (April £O, 1795.) Jn 17OG, the General Post Office was removed to Washington. ’ In 1802 the Government friri Its own and cleared $ll,OOO by carrying passengers.—. Wash ingion, Jiepu hlica n. Spit.or Ot:x.—At tHepattlc ofßuonvilla.onc of the soldiers received a bullet in his jaw hone, just-under one- 1 of his ears, the bullet.grating the bone,and lodging in his mouth; Surgeon Cornyri, seeing him bleeding, .approached him a,nd examining the wound; asked him where th& buijet was.—" Spit the d—n thing out;” was the brief reply, as ho started fur the front to ieb some more of the fun/ ( How to kill Bed Bugs.—Chain their hind legs to a tree, then go round in front and make ffioulKs at them. 1 ALL NOT LOST TEAT’S IN DANGER. That we should be dlightly’stunned by our unexpected reverse before Manassas is natural enough. That it should set us all thinking is ' and will be very useful. No nation has worked 1 upwards to greatness without reverses ; scarcely.ever whs a war won without defeats, And it;is alwayßitopefulwhen !■ the reverses and the defeats ate in the begfin' uing. : • _ Washington lost New York, lost Philadel -1 phia, retreated over the Hackensack; over'the : Passaic, over the Raritan, over the Delaware, and expressed his determination to retreat over every river and mountain in America before I he gave up the righteous cause. The, most re -1 markßble exploit of the greatf st general in the Revolution, next to Washington, was' bis won ' derful retreat, over one Southern river after another, until the whole Atlantic seaboard was lost to the infant Republic. Yet Washington 1 crossed the Delaware pnd Green lived to see Cornwallis taken. , The war of 1812 wkk begun amid defeat after defeat. Washington was taken; the shameful route at crimsoned every American cheek ; Hulllsurrendered in such a way as to make the whcile land feel as if- honor and courage had forsaken it forever; the flower of Kentucky and the iYest fell at the liter Raisin. But all was not lust. The spirit of the nation rose ’’-gLer and higher, until “ out of jh- nettle danger ijt plucked the flower ■ safety.” , : ' r It seems to be Over tha law in great tinder takings that the bone and muscle are too hardr eued by adversity. All great men are tried in this way. They gradually learn to “ suffer and be strong, and the strength thus learned gives the success that ends the suffering. Our nation has obeyed this l(iw of greatness. Too many glorious interests I are bound up in her' to leave her success in doubt; too many noble hearts are throbbing in pjrayer for her to allow her to go down in such a stotm as this. She has outrode many a worjib gale, and she will come grandly into her destined haven. Ij.vtE Squibs from tueiLocistille Jol'RXAh. —There are now two Gbternors in Virginia, Gov. Letcher and Gov. Rierpont. But Virginia isn’t wide enough fore two 1 Governors. Eithef Letcher will .extend his sceptre over Wheeling, or Pierpontr will reach his out over Richmond, We bet on Pierpont. A St. Louis p-'per says that Gov. Jackeon is a fighting man. We suppoee he will fight if it is absolutely necessary, but there are a great many things ho would rather do, and we guess running is one of them. Mr. Lair, of the Florida iVerc-s, says that we are Abolitionists, and defies us to deny it. We have heard of bearding this lion In his lair, but we don’t care to beard the Lair in his lyin’. The Columbia (S. 0.) Times says that a hit ter stream has been running into South Caro lina’s cup of suffering. That cup should be full bv this time —unless it leaks. Wdespect, that, notwithstanding Gen. Scott’s high’ character and illustrious service?, the Virginians, during bis tour through their State, will turn their backs on Trim. The insurgents protest that they won’t pay their debts-to the people of-the United States, and yet the United States are' determined to draw in them at first sight. There is no longer the least danger that the Confederate troops will shake in their shoes, for the poor Mluas have no shoes to shake in! This Government has determined, and wisely determined, and is sustained therein by the people, that our independence shall be con quered.—Augusta [Georgia)’, Chronicle. ' Which do you suppose is most likely to con quer your independence—Jeff. Davis or Old Abe. , The ..Southern organs dare Gen. Scott to strike before be is ready. That’s a cheap way of gaining a character for daring. Dear Tennessee, don’t be distressed because you are undone. Gov. Harris and Gen. Pillow Will do you. f Jl’he Disunionists call Old Abo “ The Gorilla.” llow do they like the gorilla [warfare? ■ The Enfield and Minnie Rifles. —The En field derives its name from frqm the place where it is made, namely, the government armory at Enfield, England, i(nd it is in most rgspects like the-American army rifle, made at Spring field, Mass. The barrel of it is formed of the best charcoal iron ; its length is thirty-nine inches; 580 of nninch; it hhs three grooves, one sixteenth of ,an inch deep. Thq pitch'of the gri oi cs is six feet and nine, inches. .A hol low conical ball, with a plug of boxwood placed ‘jp the base is used in this rifie. A graduated hack sight, set fur ranges from 200 to 1,000 vards, is fixed on all the Enfields. , The Minnie rifle derives itstname from Lieut. Minio of the French infantry, who first ap plied the hollow expanding bql'.et to the army rifle, and by whose exertidns it was first brought into actual army use. The French rifles have four grooves, .02758 inches in width, 1.00758 in depth, and one turnjin six feet. The bullet is bpllpw and conical,[and weighs 494 grains ; no wedge is now used. . Formerly ele vating sights were fixed on,' all the French army’s rifles, but these have been dispensed with so as to render the arms; more simple.— Jibe back sight of the rifle is elevated at seventy eight of an inch above the barrel. 1 A French soldier of the line aims at the waistband of the fun, and witfi rifle sight he is sure to strike him within or kt 289 yards dis tant. When firing at a greater distance, he uses his thumb nail for a backlight, by placing it across the barrel, and by jjong practice in judging of distances by the) eye, he obtains wonderful precision in his a(m. The special dorps of Chasseurs nnd ZouavCs have elevating sights on their rifles. —{Scientific American. Some one winds up a sketch 4f a journeyman printer with the following: 'ffhe world is his ebuntry—he basks in the sunshine of every cii mate. The hones of his couiriids whiten alike the plains of Mexico the hillside of the Crimea, and the barren wastes of the Arabian' desert. At what point do armies generally enter hos tile Cities. At the point of th? bayonets. - | Rate* of .Advertising. Advertisements will be charged $1 persquaro of 10 lines, one or three insertions, and 26 cents for every subsequent insertion. Advertisements of less than 10 lines considered a? a quaro. The subjoined rates will be charged for Quarterly, Half-Yearly and Yearly ad vertisements: Square, - 2 do. i column, - i do. ■ Column, - Advertisements,not having thennmbor of iinsertiong desired marked upon them, will be published until or dered out and charged accordingly. . Posters,-Handbills, Bill-Heads, Letter-Heads andall kinds of Jobbing docs,in country establishments, ex ecuted neatly and promptly. Justices’, Constable’s, and other BLANKS constantly on band. - “SO. 1. Did you ever consult the mirror to ascertain whether you were growing old—to detect, if you could, a pair of feet, and a crow's at that, ot the corners of yoiir eyes—to see if that gray hair somebody charged yon with haying yes terday, was nothing but a peculiar reflection of tibe light, and not much whiter than the ace of '■desafter all ? But the mirror is nothing to " ’-‘ion-.! it reflects to very little —■"■’Jin.Lage ie do- go'to for in purpose. If you would ing for you, look upon the face of a friendyoit Lave not seen in ten years, and the story is as plain as n pike staffl Jfbere is something or other about him you. ippnnot quite under" stand ; his features are a little sharper, the ex* pres.-ion of bis eyes a little colder, of bis brow a little harder, of his mouth a little firmer. 'To be sure his laugh hasn’t gone, but then a tooth or two has. He is 1 ' the same, yet not that same, bat somewhat harder and rougher, and hot.so much of him as of old*.. . , , „ ' But the strangest of all is-his hand. 1 That has grown old faster than his face. How soft ; and smooth it used to be, you remember, plump as a partridge. There was a tracery of blue veins upon the bach of it, and you and ha vised to read each other’s ; fortunes,.and life* journeys, in the meandering currents that flowed on so quietly just under the surface! But it is mure like a claw now,' us if ho irncd It in digging. Then it is brown as October;- the full rounded muscle ha's shrank away from the reins, and they stand out like ridges in a fair low. Veins indeed! they look like a handful of whip-cord. There is a knotty look; and-a knotty feel about the joints, as if you were grasping.a handful of walnuts. Then, again, his hair has grown wiry, or bristly, or gray, or thin, or something that it war not, for the ttulH i«. it is growing upon an old head. | - You think, as you look.at him, “is it possi ble !” and he keeps you company with hi£ wonder, “ how can it be,” and in that lookj yob have seen yourself, as he sees you, pa dll scb yob; os you arei.. i , . How and What to Read. —Read much, but not many works. For ,wbat purpose, with wbat intent do we read? We readrnot for, the sake of reading, but we read to the end what wo may think! Rendingis valuableonly os it may ' supply the materials which the mind itself elab orates. As it is not the largest amountbf food taken into the atoniach that conduces toTteaUb; but such a quantity of such a kipd as can Bo digested ; and so it is not the greatest.compli ment of any kind of information that improves the mind, but such a kind as determines the intellect to most vigorous energy. Theonly i profitable kind of reading is that in which w,e are compelled to think Intensely, whereas that reading that serves only to dissipate and. divert our thoughts is either possitively hnrtfuVor useful only as an occasional relaxation froibse-, vere exertion. Rut the amount of vigorous thinking is usually in the inverse ratio of mul tifarious ' reading. Multifarious reading -is agreeable, but as ft habif, it is, in its way.asde- ' structive to the mental as dram drinking is to the bodily health. “Our age,” says,' Horder,' “is the reading tigs,” and he adds, “It wonld have been better in my opinion; forthewprld and fur science, if, instead of the multitude of, books which now overlay ns, we possesed. bat a few works good and sterling, and which, !as few, would be therefore dilligently and pro foundly studied.— Sir William Hamilton. A gentleman, on a visit to Washington one day very coply opened the door of the Senate Chamber, And was about to pass in when the door keeper asked, —"Are you u' priveleged member?" . , ~ . - - "What do you mean by ttat if” aikecl £ho stranger; . s,. The reply was, |‘A governor, an ex-member of Congress,' or minister;’’ |. v ThoNstrarger replied that he was a minl.i- ter. ; •_ . , “From what court dr county, if you please ?” asked the official. Tory gravely pointing up, the stranger re plied;, "From heaven, sir !” , j. To this the doorkeeper waggishly remarked: "This government dt present holds no inter course with that foreign power.’’ This was during Buchanan’s administration^ AuERNfTHV ,vxn his Match.—A lady on one occasion entered his consulting-room and put before him an injured finger, without saying a word. In silence. Abernathy dressed the wound, when instantly and silently the lady put the usual fee on the table, and Retired. - In a few days she called again, and offered the fip ger for inspection; “Better ?” asked the sur geon. "Better!” answeredithe lady, speaking for the first time. Not another word followed daring the rest of the interview.—Similar vis its were made, at the last of which the patient held out her finger perfectly healed. “Well” was Abcrncthy’s monosyllabic inquiry. “Well/,* was the lady's answer. “Upon my soph niadj am,” exclaimed tfo>surgeon. "you are the most rational woman I ever met with I’’ ' A Liab. —Among the ninny anecdotes of Buena Vista one heats ail others. An Arkan sas soldier being wounded, an Iri.-hraaii to take him off the field.. The latter did so by i assisting him to mount, and strapping Kim on his horse, the Irishman riding before. Daring the ride the wounded Arkahsian had hie head cut off by a cannon ball, unknown to his com panion.—Arriving at the surgeon’s quartet!} the Irishman was asked whtft he wanted, : . “I brought this man to have his leg dressed,” said tat.' ; t; . , "Why,” replied the, surgeon, "his head is shot off"!” • . “Tlae bloody liar!” exclaimed Pat, looking; behind him; "he tould the he was only shot in the deg. How to Make a Zofeiv*. — We get our infor mation from one of the French drill sergeants himself; thus: _ 7 “Take a recruit—keep him forty-eight hours —nothing to eat; den march him forty-eight hours-—nothing to eat; den let him like thunder forty-eight hours— nothing to cat J ded by gar he on;; E aife'.” 3 aoSTBB. 6 JtQSTHS. 12 MOUTH* $3,00 $4,60 $6,00 MO 6,SQ. "'B,OO, 7,00 lO'pO 8,00 9,50' I?,6B 15.00 20,00 80,90 25.00 55,00 60,0< OEOWIECO OLD.