Term* «l Publication.
THE TIOGA COUNTY AGITATOR is pub
lished ever; Thursday Morning, and mailed 4o sub-
Wibfert'aV tHfeVcry reasonable jirice Sr OM Dot-'
li’a-psrtanutiHibtxirtsfey lf isinfend
ed lo notify,bver>n sUbfecribenWheu Iheittrmiiir
jvhich. ,ba veer pircd,by.the pUmp
r-r“ Time pui,l' oa the, ,margin of the Jest .paper.
The paper wUl'the'tj be stopped ufltil a 'fUrther rc
rniUartee Uerfeceivfed. r BytnissrrfengdfneHt nomfen
o*o bo 'brought, indeijt to the'.pdnttr.f v ’ s
[Tbs •Hqi-nHua. U the Offiqiil Paper Of the Cptfß
iy| with a largo pod .Jeadily increasing circulation
reaching Into nearly every 'neighborhoodl, ip the
County. It is s eiil fiei 6f postage toany Fost-t)ffico
within the county limits; and'to those living within
the limits, but whose mosUxmvonient pOstofiicc may
be in an adj(dnujg / pyi) nt y- , i .
Business Cards, not exceeding 5 lines, paper in
ejuded, ti per year. ,
1 For The AgiUtor.
th fc’ sea.
BI M. L. poup,
I hara pmwuvtf t)T thoe oft fright ummmtpftwvr
In my’ chlldhbodliouTs. Ifhen wild thought Wire free;
And thy fttncfcd unite U Vttantf tth rftfll— •
; ,
But only In fcney thy yolee will come,
far, the grown of thy dashingfoarn .
An the idngs,'Sroic« wdnTd gfcny sour
.To thj verdant Uk*k arf rdok bo?ad shore..
Dhyoftttaiee, taaulbwd my eyes,
iwuoder Jn-drtanui ’neaib the sunlitaklu,
Wtidrt Wild birds wfcrblft their songs of glee,
And thy, wfco, Is hre-nl, thou bright bine ml
with barque unmoored fitom the'cocky Chore,
With spreading Mil.nnd dipping oar.
Away I speed o’er the billows bright—
Ah. tbo dream baa flown with the morning llghtl
Hhall I ne’er behold thy bounding wrtcs,
Or gaxe in ihy depths, yhero the mermaid lares ?
Oh, let mo.still hope, there lingers (Or me
To the future, the sight of the bright glad sea I
Stim iWfjctllartj?,
From tho Buffalo Republic
How Sandusky was Saved from
famine.
A HISTORICAL REMINISCENCE.'
One of the. most agreeable duties of jour
nalism « to chronicle the heroic deeds of
these whom chance or unusual natural-devel
opments have rendered benefactors to the'
human race.
It is a part of our legitimate province to
rescue the fame of such individuals from
oblivion, and by enacting the part ol the his
torian, to hand-their names and the record of
their achievements down to the admiration
and gratitude of future generations. The
village philanthropist, or the benefactor of a
local community,'is as much a part of (be
history of this time as the heroes of a Stale,
or as the sacred geese whose gabbling at the
rock of Tarpeia saved Rome from the hor
rors of a sack. Our duly in the present in
stance is to relate a similar occurence, which
transpired much nearer home.
Years ago, when the course of trade ran
in a counter direction to what we now behold,
owing to a severe drouth, the city of Sandua
uy underwent all the horrors of a protracted
famine. The water on the bar at ihe mouth
of the Bay was so low that vessels were una
ble to reach the port, ana as there was no
land transportation at that time which could
be relied upon in a case of sudden emergency,
u appeared as if Providence had forsaken the
piace entirely, and that its inhabitants must
soon perish. For,days and weeks their flock
oi provisions had been gradually disappear
ing until soon all was gone, and their only
reliance was upon Ihe few fish which they
were enabled to obtain from the waters ofiho
Bay, an occasional meagre supply of game
from the neighboring fores.,
At the lime at which we write the woods in
me vicinity, and in fact throughout the West
ern Reserve, were frequented by vast num
bers of wild hogs which obtained a bountiful
subsistence and grew fat upon the shack which
everywhere abounded. These hogs were
doubtless originally estrays, but Ihe sparse
ness of the population in the interior, and the
rapidity with which they multiplied, rendeted
them strangers to man and very shy of his
pretence. During the drouth, ol which men
tion has already been made, large droves of
these animals wended their way to.thelake
in tne neighborhood of which they continued
to remain. Sandusky Bay in particular was
a favorite place of resort for them, in the
waters of which they were accustomed to
wallow after slaking their thirst. Those who
arc acquainted with the locality of which we
speak, will remember the annoyance to which
Ihe early settlers were exposed in the shape
of a fine, red sand which covered the beach
and which, in times of high winds, was not
only exceedingly troublesome, but dangerous.
Thousands of hogs, in consequence of fre
quenting this spot, became totally blind ; but
still, with ail the cunning which belongs to
this perverse race in their natural stale, they
continued to elude the hunters
One day, when the famine in the city was
a', us height, and when it was apparent that
even tho strongest must soon succumb, Joe
» took down his gun and resolved to
make a last effort to secure bis wife and little
ones from a fate the most horrible of which
me mind has any conception. All day long
nad their sunken eyes and shriveled hands
implored him in vain (or bread—and alas!
be knew too well that not within the whole
city was there a mouthful to be had, though
ne were to offer in exchange thrice its weight
m gold. Nerved to desperation by this re
flection, but still with feeble steps, he took
ms way to the forest, resolved not to return
wnnout relief in some shape.
{■or a long lime he hunted in vain, trav
ersing miles of weary pathway, without so
mutm as seeing a single evidence of animated
nature, until he was on the point of yielding
toncspait. At this momenta noise, as of
approaching footsteps, attracted bis attention,
ana ne paused with every faculty rendered
Keen by hunger, to listen. Nearer and nearer
name the tramping, and just as Joe, to screen
nimself from observation, look shelter behind
“ tree, a wild hog emerged from behind a
tnicite;, advancing direotly toward him, fol
'owed immediately by another and another
sl th- The hunter, trembling with anxiety
and excitement, raised his gun, but suddenly
paused in astonishment at the singular phe.
aomonon before him. The drove (for drove
mere was) was approaching him in Indian
nte, and headed directly for the Bay. The
second hog held in his mouth the tail of the
■irst, the third (hat of the second, and so on,
‘o me number of sixty and upward, each was
Holding fast to the caudal appendage of his
Predecessor, and all wore being led by the
orernosi of the drove, and he being the only
e jhat could see, was thus conveying his
Hnvcied companions b
Tne nun-.er comprcnenocc me scene in a
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B ]]/B/IB 1 ‘ ' 1 - iii- r - wßstH^Jf n * l ' l BL p ’ n>i, '*f ll!! h r f |
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~ A ikwa tvtiA JounLi'. r M‘tdLo2 n?»M o! »jiK.Vli.-»S* ,{t - ’f) f;-0.l \mig*ka r>/ ! refill! arc s Iv.vc .vv.l *m t 1 w .. -
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GOBa i STURROGK : & COi,
VOL.J.
moment, andj instantly .. decided upon; iiijs
course. Raising,nisgun deliberately,hefirpd,
and sevcrefihetjail of-iheießder c|oseto,the
mots. His, affrigbletl leedeijship, wiihip Md.
[scieeHl, Quoded jnlo,,lbp
reared, while hip Blind.compaaJenpicapaaio.a;
deaihplt. , divesled.ifairnsel.f ,afl
his bools hup crept stealthily .up |o lb? first of'
jthe band, wjaich.stpod quietly, holding in bis
mouth the amputated tail of his.,former con
ductor. This the hunter.seized aqd cpm
mettced gently pplljog upon , it., First one
hog.atarlfid, il)iefl another, than mjojher, unfit,
soon, tike a train-of all were in motion,
and, without pausing to rest for a Single In
stant, Joe led them .quietly into a : huge pen
near his residence, where they were soon
slaughtered, and the city teas saved/
eommmUcnUontf,
Letter from the West.
snbjoinod'letter Is from a c!titen*of tbli County,
traveling in the West, A friend ha a handed it in for publi
cation, together with seven] others of tho same series. .The
reading will dnobtlasa be ’lnteresting to many our readers.]
Ed. Aa.
Dear Wipe ; —As I closed my last letter
with a description of Eau Clare, 1 shall now
proceed with my narrative from .thjs point,
westward. At this point we got our break
fast, which also proved to be our dinner, for
we had to go 24 miles before we arrived a{
another stopping place. -Soon after leaving
Eau Clare, we came upon a drove of tSlk,
eight in number, and drove with opr sleigh
very near them. It was an interesting sight
to us, you may be assured, but we.,had no
lime to slop foi sporting and so the elk, esca
ped, at least, a good frightening. From this
point on for 20 miles, we passed through an
open prairie, perfectly level, and extending bp
either side as far as we could see, with scar
cely a tree or shrub upon it—there being on
ly here and there a scrub oak about the size
and appearance of a large apple tree, in a
state of decay. These trees resemble sq mitch
the old orchards of the eas{. ihqt Mr. Jones
frequently remarked that he had discovered
another orchard, and certainly-it bad that ap
pearance. In passing through this prairie
we shot two prairie chickens, a great number
of which we have seen on our journey here;
we have,also seen a great many deer tracks,
but no deer, except those that had been kill
ed by the hunters. We stopped at night at
the Menomonie River, at Willson’s Mills,
from which point I, wrote a letter. There is
here quite a little village nnd.il is exactly the
antipodes of Black River Falla in morals,—
.The reason is evident; for there is not a drop
of liquor aald in the place. This, .COmoanV
have in their employ about fiOO" men aho are
doing a.very successful lumbering business.
The logs are cut some 25 or 30 miles above
this point and floated down here, manufactur
ed, rafted and run down this river to the
Chippewa, (into which it empties) ond so on
to the Mississippi. Lumber is worth at Me
nomonie $l5 per M., and at Dubuque, $3O,
and the cost of running to Dubuqe is about
$2 per M, Hero we stayed ail night and had
good accommodations and started on our jour
ney the next (Tuesday) morning, through
what is here called the “ Big Woods,” 28
miles in extent, and no intermediate slopping
place. It took us all day to go through, the
road being new and very rough. We arriv
ed at the station at the edge of the prairie just
before dark, and put up for the night. The
country through these woods is beautiful in
deed ; it is good land and well watered. The
timber is sugar Maple, Basswood, Elm, As
pen, and the different kinds of Oak, with oc
casional clusters of Pine of every good qual
ity. 1 forgot loyrnenlion in its proper place,
that all along our route over the prairie
country there are numerous Tamarac swamps
from whiih the settlers obtain their fuel,
fencing, and building material. Wo had very
comfortable fare at ibis station (Baker’s,) and
in the morning, started for Hudson, 20 miles
distant, where we arrived at 2 o’clock, P. M.
We passed this day through a beautiful
Prairie country, and 1 am told that the soil is
much belter than the eastern or southern
prairie—it being a black loam; whereas, the
southern and eastern are a mixture of sand
and loam, and too after a superabundance of
sand, especially where the country is rolling,
or uneven. The country generally, from
Lacrosse to Hudson, is broken and uneven,
although there are many Prairie’s of large size
as level as a house door.; yet you can see the
bluffs in the distance. On the sides of many
of these bluffs there is to be found plenty of
good stone for-building, and other purposes.
The whole country from Lacrosse to Hudson
is, on the whole, a delightful one; the great
est objection being, at many points, a want of
fuel, fencing, and building material. The
price of land on this route will vary from five
to twenty-five dollars per acre, and a great
deal of it is not for sale at any price—it being
at present in the hands ot speculators who
are not anxious to sell at present prices, as
there is a fair prospect of a Rail Road run
ning through this region which when built
will materially enhance the value of land in
its vicinity. ■ Wo.had a very cold ride from
the Big woods (o Hudson, the wind blowing a
gale and the snow flying, so as to fill the
beaten track and cause os to make very slow
progress. We are told that it is not usual la
have such winds in this country —the weath
er usually being clear, cold ana still. Of this
we shall be better able to judge after a {rial.
On our route from the Menomonie (or Red
Cedar River) to Hudson, we crossed the head
waters of the Eau Gallae, Kinnie-Kinnie and
Rush Rivers, 25 or 30 miles from where they
empty into the Mississippi. These streams,
where we crossed them, are large, enough.to
afford good water power for grist and saw
mills. The country about them is very fine,
and tolerably well timbered. There are but
few settlers on the route from Lacrosse here,
• * u‘)-r, ■< . ’ . 1 .* r-n 'a-JT 1 *.W ' J *:»' **!}'v , vr y ■ >»-r , f,“T
■>: h agitpaxios oP isxhb aEann»Boiop.iwtn><9r;t , .i>« vi .v
t» .1
WLLSSOMiGH; TIOGA COUNTI. rA., :TIttmSDAT EOttMM,:taA»GH 5. IS.C t> ‘ “
biit'ffie latfd WeiretoldJ is takett by
spectators, Oats artwdWfrbni' 'TStctef 3 to
ff;2S .pr h'affiel; cotn v |li2s£ ,wKeal’*l;
ifflMlf%, Sip
Pinery qqrq„
worth from $l5 to «20 per ton, and prairie
at that.- >W« found on ooranival alHudaon
that Gol. Potion* thecbief engineer oFthe Sti
Croix *nd Lake: Superior Rail i Roadwaa
about to start forSuperiorp and as that was
our'distination we made arrangements <td
accompany 'him rwb hired’a team to take tld
through* and 1 in the meriting, 1 after having
loaded in forage 1 enough to list our team to
Superior and back; (from 14 to 16 days) and
onr baggage, we loaded ourselves and started
off In go6d health and spirits. About three
milesfrom Hudson our course lay across the
St. Croix Lake which we found bridged with
?ceT teams were constant,
ly crossing we siip'poSEaf us to
do so; but the sequel proved otherwise; for
we had hot got out upon the Lake more than
30 or 40 rods' befote Onr ! tbh?n and sleigh,
with 01l our loading, including ourselves (five
in number) were precipitated through the ice,
without a moment's warning, inlb the take
/where the water is 86 feet deep.’ -Jt was-hri'-
dept that we bad “ lost our bearings” and we
didn’t attempt .to t‘ take an observation,”, but
made our best efforts to get out of the water
pn. to. solid ice, which.we-soon accomplished
by the mpr|e fortunate helping the most mn>
fortunate, We soon obtained-ropes andholp
and pulied.out our team and sleigh with the
majority of our.loadiog. Mr. Jones lokk his
riflefforwhich- he offered 835- reward and
afterwards obtained it, it having been fished
up with hooka-made - for. that purpose) and
Field his watch-chain, worth #35, end sever
al other small article* are missing. We were
about three hours .on the ice before we got
everything out of the water* whdn we hired’a
team end brought opr effects back to Hudson,
where upon opening our trunks and and car*
: pel’Pags. we found the whole'•contents con.
solidaled with ice; everything in them was
materially damaged and many things entirely
rained; but we cared'but little Tor thedarn -
age done, and felt thankful that there were
no lives losl—which is not tin unustial occur*
ence in this Lake'during the'winter season'.
Hudson-is a flourishing loWti, siiuated im
(he east Lake St. Grots, nt ,! (htf
month of Willow River, 'll is about Sik'nitles
below Stillwater, on the Opposite side of the'
Lake, and is at the southern terminus of St.'
Cattmidt^VM
R. R. Along the Lake Shore at this point 1
is a good landing for steam boats running to
this and points above. The country about
this place is beautiful in the extreme, and the
“ manifest destiny” of Hudson, is progress
and prosperity. But for a more definite his
tory of its past, present and ftiture prospects,
I must refer you to "North Star,” sent from
Hudson. We were demined in Hudson after
our cold bath until Friday morning, Deo. 12'
—at which time we again started for Supe
rior. Our company was composed of the fol
lowing persons : Col. Patton, Jones, Field,
Mr. Gregory, Mr. Brown and myself. We
had to pay for our loam, $5 per ,day and de
fray nil expenses. Wo drove the first day
33 miles and put up for the night at a house
on Crandall Prairie, wheie we found gopd
fare and lodgings. Seven milesfrom Hud
son, we crossed Willow River, and seven
miles farther Apple River, both fine streams,'
with good water power, and on eilher side a
good agricultural country. The country from
Hudson to Crandall Prairie is Somewhat
broken and Uneven, but is good land, and
susceptible of cultivation. Soon after cross
ing Apple River, we passed six miles through
a strip of good timber land, it being mostly
Covered with the various kinds ofOak. After
passing this limber, we come upon a large
and level Prairie where we saw some of the
finest farms we have yet met with. The
road hero passes about two miles { east of
Oceola, the county seat of Polk Co., situated
upon the bank of the River St. Croix, and
about the same distance west of the line of
the St. Croix and Lake Superior Rail Road ;
but for want of room I must now close.
- In my next I will continue ihe subject of
our fan her travels.
Yours affectionately.
SorEßton, Doug. Co. Wis., ) C. V. E.
Dec. 1858. J
A gay young man in Pittsburg entered one
of the “ fashionable Churches” in that city
last Sunday with a lady on his arm, and af
ter gracefully laying his overcoat over the
back of his seat, sat down. Suddenly, how.
ever, the congregation was startled by a most
outrageous racket and lo! from the' pockets
of the young man’s overcoat had rolled a tor
rent of bullets and caps followed by. a silver
mounted pistol. The owner of the coat was
observed to'be very red in the face.
" Women’s Rights.”—A mother and four
daughters, who all reside in Northampton.
Mass., have had seventeen husbands amongst
them. The mother has had lour; one
daughter four; and the other three daughters
three each.
Value op Science.— Orange or lemon
juice left upon a knife, or other piece of iron,
will in a few days produce a slain so nearly
resembling that caused by blood, as to deceive
the most careful observer; and not .many
years ago, in Paris, a man was nearly con
victed of murder, owing to a knife being
found in his possession, stained with what was
pronounced by several witnesses to be blood,
but afterwards discovered to be simply liiiie
Juice,
5
TP
W
tol" Jilt 1
ir:
HnStfturday'lkfi m’thrHthritf'of Ufipite
m corhmiftee'en Tefftlofeß; - 1 pfesentbd 'life
telling U KhtfTdmM’KafisarbWt
’’‘The Cbmmitlbe pn Tbfril'oribif. to Whicli
*a» referred 1 thb seijaiebiil’N;6; .S6o'eHHtled
” An aci fo aulhoriie Itio 'peqpld ‘'of (tie Tqf
rUP'ry hr itapstis ip form a and
Stdte Government preparatory to the! [ad
mission, into the union 1 tqiiai footing
with, the priginal Sfales,”’’ltaving examined
apd considered the same,.beg leave to report:
In the act of organizing the Territory of
Kapsas, the actual residents who might spek
p (tome wjlhm its, lliqils ,ware assured that
Ibpy Werpto be perfectly, free to form an 4
regulate their, domestic institutions in , fhfcir
PWP way, subject onjy ,tq ,tbo Constitution of
li>9 United Slates. A prohibition on the ex
islence of Slavery that Md remained in force
for more than a third ofa.contory was strick
en: off, and a vast empire was thrown open as
a piixe io-be struggled- for by free and slave
labor; , .... - ■ - ; •
The first Legislature Ur be selected would
in-a great (neasure if not wholly, determine
the' supremacy of Slave or Free 'institutions
in the expected Slate. ’ Whet > would be its
ehdraclerwas, therefore, a questionofsbsorb- 1
ing interest,'not only lo those who expected
to ritake Kansas their future home, bul also
to the people of the Whole Country. To the’-
settlers seeking this Territory it Was a ques
tiori bf vital interest whether he would bO'per
mitled to tear his Children free from the' en
ervating influences of the iOstUutions of hu
man bondage'; to, free labor whefher it would
bo, allowed a choice, of,home oni ,the public
domain free from the degradation Which con
tract with Slavey everwhere brujgs upon la
bor aqd the laborer; , to. the .people of the
wbq)e country, whether the policy of Sla
very;fe?iription inaugurated by the Fathers,
of the, Republic, and continued uninterrupted
ly for more than sixty years* sanctioned by
every department of tho Government—legis
lative, executive and judicial—was to be over
turned and a new doctrine, subversive of.lhe,-
guarantees of Freedom,and of the-rights and
interests.of free labor, to be established in its.
stead. r;
.Those xvhp regarded, the expansion of Sla
very.as an element of political, power, bailed
the repeal of. tbe Missouri Compromise as n
most fortunate measure in furtherance of their
designs. '
The kind ofinstruciions which should be
/AQionnajitsm Kansas .would affect the . char
acter of the Federal uovernnreu, r^,r ,„.i„.
controlling influence which it would havq ini
determining the- balance ot power between
(he conflicting elements of Free and Slave:
labor. Hence the same -influence, that se
cured the repeal of the restriction, planned
and sought to execute, the scheme of subject
irg Kansas to Slavery:
This plan—matured and stimulated by se
cret societies organized in the western coun
ties of Missouri, even before the Territory
was opened for settlement—developed itself
at the election held therein for the Legislature
by the appearance at the polls of almost five
thousand men who came in organized bands,
and were distributed through the Territory
so as to control every representative district
but one.
The invaders appoint their own officers of
election, so as to control the supervision of
the polls, and then by force or intimidation
prevented actual residents from voting. Of
the 6,301 votes polled' at the election for
members of the Legislature, but 1,410 were
legal - votes.
A Legislature, elected thus by fraud and vio
lence, sought to secure a self-perpetuation of
its power, by enacting laws ingenious devised,
in utter disregard of the political and consti
tutional rights of the people, operating upon
future elections, upon the administration of
justice, (he organization of the courts, on the
selection of all officers, and evepry source of
influence and power, so as to hedge in the
usurpation in such manner as to close every
avenue of redress and preclude all possibility
of overthrow. The more effectually to guard
against any loss or transfer of. power, they
denied the people the selection of all officers,
civil, military and judicial, and continued the
control of subsequent elections in themselves,
by providing such discretionary power as ef
fectually to keep (he successive elections un
der the same influence and thereby defeat add
smother the popular will, and thwart the ac
tion, which in our form of government is in
dispensable to success, all opposition or con
structive resistance was'declared by its courjb
to be treason ; and the roost active leaders of
the subjugated majority were imprisoned on
such a charge, or driven from the Territory.
Freedom of speech and of (he press was de
nied under oppressive penalties, while peacea
ble assemblages of (he citizens to petition the
Government for redress of grievances ware
dispersed by the armies of the Republic at
the point of the bayonet. Death dr the felon’s
chain and hall was the penalty Of free discus
sion on the only political question upon which
there was a diversity of sentiment among the
people. A usurpation thus conducted, and
power thus obtained, it‘ is 'unreasonable to
suppose would be voluntarily’ relinquished by
the usurpers. Nor is it reasonable to expect
that, under any remedy that fnijjht be provi
ded, the spme spirit of injustice and wrong
would not seize upon every opportunity af
forded by legislative defects or omissiqnif to
repeat the same process of usurpation, ih qir
der to re-establish or perpeluatii "jlseif ib ihe
sartie ill-goUen pqWer. . . . .nv
Large.bodies ojfthe men who.hayecsrried
out this scheme of subjugation uhefatofore,
can, with great ease, at any required moment
I’TTT
i3~;i i L
a vv
be thfowo intO tbe--Tbrritory ntidkept there
under pretext ofresidenW, difficult/rfbbhlms
possible, of, detection. . ,
o’nd of IKP fdidioiVpda promjnen[' actors—
CoPJoBn scoff, ih'o'hferdffii'O'ffiMpT bfty
Attorney of St. Joseph, Mo. LlJus tedimib
py ibeforeilheiKanspa Committee (poge. 982
of-the Report), hff *ay«it *' Ilia {my Intention
and the i Dtcmionofa, grea tm epy U bpr. Mist
sourians now, icsidemin MtstokH, .whenever
the Slavery issue ;is to be determined upon by
the people-of this Territory in l|ie adoption
of the State Constitution, to remove tb this
Territory in linte to acquire the right to be
come legal voters upon that question. The
leading purpose of our intended removal to
the Territory is to determine the domestic in
slifuiions of this Territory when ff comes to
be a Slate; and we would not come but for
that purpose, and would never I pink of “com-,
ipg here but for that purpose. I beljeve there
areaigreat many in Missouri are so sit
uated.” ‘ Whenever the Slavery tissue it to
he determined upon by the people of Kyoto*
in the adoption of a State Constitution,
new invasions, it seems are tg be made with
sufficient numbers to original
wrong. Thus was tha>/subjugation of this
Territory and the compulsion of her domestic
institutions resolved upon by a neighboring
people, with large' resources and favorable
opportunities for carrying out (heir purpose...
In any 'measure df relief,' therefore, -that
seeks a remedy for the wrongs of the people
of this'territory through new elections, noth
ing but the most amplelprovisions for the pre
vention'of force and intimidation, in every
shape—of fraud, and evasion of the law by'
voters —of fraud and complicity by the jod;
geSj be well as for lhe subsequent ’correction
of all thesa l kings, should they occur in spite
of the preventive measure, can 'hold Out any
hope of a r fair and satisfactory result.
The hill which’ has been referred to your
Cdfomilice is clearly insufficient to accomplish*
these ends. ! To any one at at! familiar with
the actual condition of the people of Kansas
it is evident that there is in the territory, re-;
suiting ftjom the circumstances briefly review-’
ed by your Committee, an anomalous condi-’
‘dlon onhings, so that the precautions Ordi- i
narily sufficient to secure a fair expression of
tpe pepular will would be entirely Inadequate,,
'apd (Jeenjecj ordinarily, sufficient
Nvouid -ptodiica .resultis, very, different from
those, to which we have been accustomed., .
The, lime for holding the elections provided
in the bill could be chaqged by.amendment,
but only. by abandoning the idea of bolding
the election on the same day as the Presided
ttai ; n the States, which was consid-.
ered by the friends or mo biti-aa.oqe of. its
material and most valuable features. The
time itself, it wasurged, would .be one oft ha
great securities against invasions and fraud
at the polls.
By lapse of lime the bill is stripped of tho
festure which its friends regarded as so valu
able. 1 ”
The bill recognizes a Valid Legislature for
Kansas, and then clothes five then with pow
er to legislate for the Territory by appointing
all the judges of election, afid prescribing the
rules and regulations for conducting the same,
and making returns thereof, and gives them
unlimited discretion in granting certificates of
election. These five commissioners, for the
time being, take the. place of the Legislature,
which the friends of this bill claim was fairly
elected, and is a valid Legislature for the.
Territory. Yet the people are not to be in
trusted with moulding their own institutions
without the special superintendence of this
Administration and its appointees.
The gnards and restrains against illegal
and fraudulent conduct of election judges of
being provided in the bill, are placed at the
discretion ofthe general administration which I
has already endorsed and sustained the usurp
ing government. The Commissieners who
are to appoint all the judges of the election,
prescribe the rules and regulations for con
ducting (he same, are to be appointed by the
President, and the rules and regulations for
taking an enumeration of the voters are to be
prescribed by a member of his cabinet, and
would of course be under his supervision.
In tbejudgment of your committee, there
is little hope for the success of any measure
of relief for thp people of Kansas, which is
entrusted in its execution to an administra
tion whose neglect of duly or complicity with
the wrong, has brought upon them all their
woes.
No amendment of this bill would obviate
this old objection. For strike from it ibis fea
ture, and you have destroyed Ihe whole su
perstructure ; audio make it of any efficien
cy, entirely different provisions would be
necessary.
The enumeration of voters provided to he
taken by this bill would in all probability be
abased by the men who have been engaged
in the past usurpation and subjugaliou, and
thousands of names would fill the the list of
those who; like Co). Scott, would be oo the
soil claiming to be residents, and who would
have come for nt> other purpose but to make
Katasas a slave State!
How are the Commissioners to exclude
from their enumeration'such: men found by
them on the spit at the time of taking the
enuraeralieh ?
The 5,000 men who invaded the Territory
to usurp it's Legislative power, could with the
same ease, secure a control in this election,
fpr they have only lo be in a position lo se
cure their eprollrperit oh the census, and all
is appoinpli|hed. ’ '|’o nsc?r[siin'lhai persons
found iji llie Terrilqry try the Commissioner
are not resident. Bgaipsl lheir own declara
tions that they are, would involve the neces
sity ,o? the contestant visiting an adjoining
State to find unwilling witnesses, ahd, when
Bale* «l Aimiiiing,
in«iar
aqnpiq.vThe tbHewtofteUWlwtll bs’oWreW'fcr
«nduy«Miy
jVnl 1,1 •.,!' fiMooth*.;i(iStioo , «
(a^B « () rt iesa ,(H5O ,;., ».t»
a%4ta,. . . . :4 do ' 600 ; ado
i tolomoi ~ /I OOO’ idtxP '.20 bO
Icolomnv- - - ' tlSdO '■■'■ ‘SDOO' I '"'dOtKl
, utveriiwignta pot. having ,ti» mm bo-of ia+
maiked noon kepi ia unlit of-
ofit.anfl charged ftccqrfljnglg,
''Ported, ; ototftti^‘feirt % an§-'fitter ill
kiridsof Jobbfcg*"d6ne |o> ; c«ftlry( ( wtafcUßbmetftkf
q Moated opalt/imc* promptly,! 1 Jo»tio4m,V CobM*.
. Vte'i V>t| conptoallj) w>; hwd i»p4
1 pryjgH o ?.%•.. U'. ...
HT
•f .» .V.
-;&o. •$£ •
is Ssfertiiße^, 1 m (ircfcesses iocotn'
I pel their attendance, which if possible tq fee
'dM mi
tim.vf h ll V&tt(Jue 0 wo
raddfey'tq the feifeldsioa of ' all' other biisitiesa
(be!fcibftlHs.‘; -V'.' ' 1; ' f ' • " ( "
The extensioiiorefeßWjpj to persons ohtefdd
of ihe'TerHtfery who cleirh to naVe'beph IbW
od toleeve-on 1 account of the tnriiblesj'adtf
whd'shalt retUrffbefoiek 'certain day/'Woiild
be a vail able ’for' Iho s,oooinvaders Who voted
at the election of March 90,1855,'and might
be tkVeii ed'vaniam'bf' by one parly to malic
a fraud, While,’-ir wojbdgb of past events,
the other party Would not ho permitted to
return. 1 f
The provisions to prevent force and vio
lence to judge* and-voters is to be exercised
at the discretion of the President and his. ap
pointees ;w hen the President has already'
witnessed one invasion,' and the exercise of
violence by- which the will'of a majority was
subverted, without any interference on his
part to prevent or measures to correct it.
The-penalties to puilish such force or vio
lence would be a'dead letter 'in the statute
book, While (be courts of the usurpers are
left in full vitality. The penalties for illegal
voting would avail' but little when the voter
as soon as he deposits his vote returns to hia
house beyond the limits of the Territory.—
The bill relieves the people of none of their
real grievances, bul leaves the usurping legis
lature and its acts except, test oaths in
theirbitgindl ibiceV ' Kdt’ Ono of the ‘ thany
laws and protecting
slavery as ah existing institution is changed
any way or pretended to be, while it affords
no ample security that all rights will not be
again as heretofore trampled down at the
ballot box, ' r
Your Committee cannot appreciate the
necesSfty, propriety or justice of requiring’
the people of the' Territory to pass through'
the entire process of fohning a Stale Consti
tution, and incur hll the ‘risks of threatened
fhtud and Violence and Suppression of the
popular will, which all admit is liable to oc
cur, and to prevent which confessedly re
quires the mosl unusual and vigilant legisla
tion, and the 1 employment of the array of the
United Stales fo'r-its enforcement, when that
people have already adopted such a constilu
lion and forra’of State Government, and sub
mitted it to Congress.
In ordinary cases of the admission of a
State, the only questions to-be considered are
the conformity of its organization to the re- 1
quiremCnts of the 'Constitution, the amount 1
of itapbpblafionfand the duration of its ter
ritorial pupilage. In this case, however the
urgent and’ overruling' necessity'of relieving
(he people from 8 State of subjugation revolt
ing to all ideas of Biepubhcanism and utterly
Inconsistent with', and subversive of the prin
piples of our institutions, should undoubtedly
exercise a large influence, or even supercede
objections of some weight in other cases, So
far nsjthose Objections are to matters merely
of discretion, abtl not relating to constitu
tional requirement.'
In the report made by your committee on
this subject at the last session (and to which
they beg leave to refer,) it was clearly shown
that this proceeding was clearly justified by
past precedents, and violated no constitutional
The Territorial Legislature has
no power to confer or withhold the power of
the people of a Territory to form a Stale
government for presentation lo Congress,
With their application to be admitted as a
Stale ; and all acts of permission or prohibi
tion of that Territorial Legislature are nuga
tory and void. This doctrine was settled in'
Jackson’s Administration in the case of Ar
kansas (as shown in the report above referred
to,) as well as in the debates of the Senate in
the case of Michigan, and especially by con
stitutional doctrine there proclaimed by Bu
chanan and unanimously agreed in by the
Senate. The position taken in these cases,
that the power lo form a State government -
for submission to Congress for a redress of
grievances vyhich involves, as a necessary
consequence, the tight to originate the move
ment by voluntary primary popular meeting.
It is sometimes alleged, however, that
this application of the people is not to bo
tolerated, if it originate in opposition or in
hostility to the Territorial Government.
Your Commitiqe are unable to appreciate
the pointer meaning of this objection. Every
application of the kind, in order to conform
to the Constitution, must treat the Territorial
Government ns a grievance from which the
application seeks relief, and must, therefore,
be in opposition to it. If the meaning be that
the Territorial Government is unfavorable to
it, ypur Committee have already shown that
their assent or dissent is a matter of no fo
ment whatever. And even if this disfavor so
strongly manifested os to create decided an
tagonism between the Territorial Govern,
ment and the people, bow can that in any way
alter the rights of the parties! OrL if the
people 'in the exercise of their constitutional
privilege to complain against a “ grievance,”
should complain in strong language incon
sistent with some person's ideas of good lasts
or propriety, it would be a singular mode of
punishing tjjiem for an offense merely against
good manners, (o deny them a right guaran
teed by the Constitution of the Republic. ~ In
the Slate Convention presented m (his case,
■here is nothing inconsistent with the Federal
QonslilutioD, nor in opposition to the Terrlio
rial Govern ment .except that like all inlru
menis of |he kind, it necessarily supercedes
such Government, and contains po assault or
encroachment upon the legitimate rights of
such-governments.' The worst that can be
said is, that it was' tfdbpled temper
toward tls “ griev&ncie’iiia and
that temper I 'might have- teen (jSsSflabla or
unjustifiable, (ah allegation'which your Com.
See fovrik pag*.