lt,
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idethig frittrttat---Ptbotetr to Votitio, A g riculturt, fittraturt, iortign, pontestit Otiteral #ntttligente, ft.
ISTABLISHED IN 1813.
THE WAYNESBURG MONGER
I'OBLISIEED BY
Vii. W. JONES AND JAS. Si JENNINGS,
Waynesburg, Greene County, Pa.
trrOIPPICE NEARLY OPPOSITE THE
PUBLIC SQUARE. _i
it' a La Tat a;
Beescatrnost.-532.00 in advance; $2.33 et the ex
eAlratioe of six months; $2.30 atter the expiration of
the year.
DV NETISEMENTS inserted at 51.25 per square for
three insertions, and 37 cts. a square far each addition
al insertion; (ten tines or tees counted a square.)
Olifr A liberal deduction made to yearly advertisers.
Jon PRINTING, of all kinds, executed in the hest
style, and on reasonable terms, at the "Messenger"
Jab Otirice.
agntsburg usintss Cubs.
ATTORNEYS:
WEB. D. WYLY. J. A. J. BUCHANAN, D. B. P. BUBB
WYLY, BUCHANAN & HUSS,
Attorneys & Counsellors at Law,
WAYNESBUI?6, PA.
vi practice in the Courts of Greene and adjoining
counties. Collections and other legal business will re
ceive pronrrit attention.
Office on the South side of MIIiP street. in the Old
Dank Jan. 28. IEO.-13,
Z. A. FURMAN
PURNIAN & RITCHIE.
*TTORNEYS AND VOIINSLI.LORS AT L A W
Waynesburg, Pa.
Orvtra—Main Street, one door east cf
the old Rink Building.
117".1.11 ~usiness in Greene, Washington, and Fay
true Counties, entrusted to them, will receive proup
attention.
N. B —Particular attention will he given to the col
lection of Pensions. Bounty Money . Back Pay, and
ether claims against the Government.
a 3. t. 11,
P., A. ICCONNELL. T. 1. nurrmAN.
IfirCONNELL & 33117FIVILAN,
irrofixE YS .B.IVD COUNSELL Ora T 1,31 V
- -
Waynesburg, Pa.
Office to the "Wright tic Lee," East Donn
Iwdiene,
lectiene, &c., will receive prompt attention.
ayneeburg, A pril 23, .1862-Iy.
nAvin CRAWFORD,
Attorney and Counsellor at Law. Office in the
Court House. Will attend promptly to all business
e mtusted to his care.
Waynesburg, Pa., .July 30, 1883.—1 y.
01 .t. SLICK
BLACK & PHELAN,
ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW
Office in the Court Douse, Waynachurg.
Sept. 11,1861-Iv. _ _
SOLDIERS: WAR CLAIMS
D. R. P. HUES,
11TT0311% EY AT LAW, W•VNE151111110, PENN A.,
lIAS received from the War Department at Wash-
La iugton city, D. C., official copies of the several
laws passed by Congress, and all the necessary Fora:-
and Instructions for the prosecution and collection of
PENSIONS, BOUNTY; BACK PA Y, due dis
charged and disabled soldiers, their widows, orphan
children, widowed mothers, fathers, sisters and broth
las, which business, [upon due notice] will be attend-
OW promptly and accnratelyif entrusted to his care.
01fice in the old Bank Building.—April 6, 1663.
G. W. G. WADDELL,
ATTORNEY & COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
OFFICE in the REGISTER'S OFFICE, Court
.House, Waynesburg, Penna. Business of all
IdsOs solicited. ties received official copies of all the
Jaws passed by Congress, and other necessary instruc
&lens for the collection of
- PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK PAY,
Due discharged and disabled soldiers, widows, Orphan
eibildren, &c., which business if intrusted to hie rate
re promptly attended to. May 13, '63.
PHYSICIANS
Dr. T. W. Ross,
3P3evirielloieszes.
Waynesburg, Greene Co., Pa.
4 4F Flia AND RESIDENCE ON MAIN STREET.
east, and nearly opposite the Wright
F. :dell. 23, ISO.
DR. A. 0. CROSS
WOULD very respectfully tender his services as a
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, to the people o:
Waynesburg and vicinity. He hopes by a due appre
aiatles of human life and health, and strict attention to
business, to merit a share of public pallonage.
Waynesburg,' January 8, 1662.
MERCHANTS.
4 WM. A. PORTER,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Foreign and Raines
s 1 Goode, Groceries, Notions, dm, Rain street.
. Sept. 11.1861-19.
R. CLARK,
Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries!, Hardware, Queens
ware and notions, in thi! Hamilton House. opposite
the Court House, Main street. Sept. 11. 1561-Iy.
MINOR & CO.,
Dealers In Foreign and Domestic Dry Grinds, Gni
wise, Queensware, Hardware and Notions, opposite
the Green House, blab, street.
Sept. 11, 1861-Iy,
BOOT AND SHOE DEALERS.
j. p. COSGRAY,
Boot and Shoe makes, Main sireet. nearly npivalte
ehe •Tarme.r's and Drovers Batik." Every myle
Soots and Shoes constantly on hand or made to order.
Sept. 11, 18131-Iy.
c) 'I 'At''ii:NojiB'iVi*:+:
JOSEP4 YATER,
llGealer in Groceries and Confectioneries, Notions,
Medicines, Perfumeries, Liverpool Ware, &c., Glass of
all sizes, and Gilt Moulding and Looking Glaze Plates.
ICaith paid for good eating Apples.
t. 11, 1851-Iy.
JOHN MUNNELL,
11ea1er in Groceries and Confectionariea, and Variety
Goode Generally. Wilson's Dit.vr Building, Main street.
Sept. 11. 1861-Iy.
WATCHES A.E'D JEWELRY
S. M. BAILY,
lath, street, opposite the Wright House keeps
ahrays on hand a large and elegant assortment of
ViOrsi 'tail Jewelry.
Repairing of Clocks, Watches and Jewelry wil
recess prompt attentiiin ',Dee. 15. 1561—1 y
BOOKS &c.
•
LEWIS DAY,
Dealer In school and Sliareneneoua Boobs, elation- I
cry, Ink. It:asesines and Papers; One/Aar east et V
Ototteealltore.litain guava.
niet•t. 11. Hint Iv.
-
1 itii - The case of a man not setting eyes
SADDLES .AND aaawnse — . : on his own son until he was fifty years
SAMUEL 11' ALLISTER, ; old, is probably without a parallel.-
111,4415, nazneativand Trunk Itaker. old Bud: Ilnlid- The story is told by Leslie in his agree
sg,,bisia :Meat.
11, 14161--4*. ; able "Recoollections of the West." the
daps. .
i pa i nter's father. On his emigration to
s.l k
4i. BANN. ; America he left his wife in England,
• FAMERS' & DROVERS' BANK ~ who died shortly after in giving birth
to a son, whom his father first saw oil
1017ssynosburt, Pa. * ,
C. 4., 111.4.04Tgat'L .1.1.A..i5mk.0., 4 ,,,,,,. : his return to his Native land nk ' Years;
flair 1., , afterwards. The Painter lies one. of
v -- „yin . ...w....
~e 7,0. 1,-ism-1,,, , • 1 the second wife's family,'lscusitulmeajont
. . .
• -(( \\\ 0!,
,
,;;‘_( a • Cie \'N
tAtt_
, _• 4( ,r 11 .1, v , r .‘ 4 .
2 r
.1 G. RITCII/12
=EI
'
Round Shoulders.
By M. L. !lOLBROOK, M. D
I speak of . "round shoulders," hollow
chests, and stooping forms. There are
perhaps, not three persons, in any school
of fifty pupils, but have them. It is so
among people of nearly all professions
and occupations, sexes and ages. In
deed, our whole arrangement of society
could have been no better calculated if
on purpose to produce them. .Alilitary
men and sea-captains are usually exempt.,
and so are Indians, and those peasant
women of Italy and other countries that
carry burthens on their heads. School
teachers are often exempt, though not
always. Ladies with excessive vanity
often escape.
Now, what are the causes of this de
formity. the consequences, and the rem
edy`? First, and in general, round
shoulders are caused by the prevailing
practice of doing everything in a bent
over position from childhood up, so that,
like the pumpkin growing between two
rails, we grow into bad formes. The
low desks in our school-rooms, and the
habit of placing our books on them and
bending over to study, produce round
shoulders. I never knew a school-house
with desks high enough, and do not be
lieve there is one in America—perhaps
not in the world. They ought to be so
high that bending over them would be
impossible, and the top adjustable, so as
to be set at any angle of inclination.—
The desks we use in all om• offices, shops
and places of business are constructed as
if man was hardly yet metamorphosed
from some lower order of four-footed be
ings to what God made him—upright.
The positions which we assumes in
our work tends to produce stooping.
The Chairs we sit on are mostly made
for deformed people. Persons with
square shoulders are pained and made
uneasy by sitting in them. It is even
questionable whether our chairs were
not better without backs—(l mean
those in which we sit to write and do
work, .mod not our chairs for parlor and
sitting-room use)—than that they should
as they now do, crowd the shoulders
forward and cramp the chest, and those
with backs should be made atter a nor
mal and not abnormal standard.
The way in which we lie in bed helps
to produce round shoulders. High
bolsters and higher pillows on top of
them, may make a bed look fine, and be
very convenient for those who wish to
watch their pretty toes all night ; but if
we wished to rise in the morning an inch
Wier than when we went to bed,and pre
serve an upright form, we must not
seek it by such means. True, the head
should be kept higher than the feet, but
not by bending the back or neck. Let
.the foot of the bed be a little the lowest
and if we lie on the back, lie without a
pillow; or if on the side, with one high
enough to keep the head in a line with
the body.
But enough of causes, which may
vary for different persons. Let us look
at effects :
First, round shoulders and stooping
frames detract from a fine personal ap
pearance, either when standing, sitting,
or walking. Women like a beautiul
face, eyes, feet, hands, fine dress, orna
ments, splendid houses, horses, etc., etc,
and take great pains, often run great
risks of life to obtain them. Why not
work as hard for fine forms ?
But laying aside all thoughts of good
looks, and turning for a moment to our
ability "to do and to dare," we find that
a truly graceful posture is the only easy
one ; that where the "bearing" of the
body is not correct, as in stooping, we
wear ourselies out by spending
strength to support ourselves in an un
natural position; that those. who go
about their business grace - My, do more
and do it easier, than the awkward.
Stoopiv is unhealthful. The lungs
are cramped and do not Inlly inflate.—
This brings on consumption; and besides
the blood being only half oxygenated,
we only half lire. Nothing is so im
portant iu securing good health and
good feelings, as thorough breathing.
The cure lies in higher desks in our
school-houses, better chairs, 'smaller pil
lows in our beds, less work in bad posi
tions, and vigorous training of the mus
cles of the chest, back and sides, in
proper positions for counteracting the
effects of sedentary habits and of work.
Plato said, no republic was complete
without its gymnasiums. This is true
of all schools; and more, in all cities and
towns the gymnastic hall, well ventila
ted, light, and warmed, where the se
dentary, the studious, those confined
much in doors, both male and female,
can in appropriate costume, throw off the
restraints of a confined life, and take vig-
orous bodily training under a master,
is full as important as was the
gymnasium in the days sf Plato.—Home
Journal.
WAYNESBURG, GREENE COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1864.
Origin and Growth of Sunday Schools.
It is safe to say that the Sabbath
school, as an institution of Christianity,
is destined to hold a formest place among
redeeming influences. This would ap
pear from a view of the early history and
wonderful progress of this kind of a
Crhistian effort, as also from an estimate
of the collateral agencies of good which
have sprung more or less directly from
the Sabbath-school. We are variously
impressed by great moral results. the
dif%rence depending in part on our tastes
and temperament. But whoever will
look over the entire history of Sunday
school labor will have to concede that
Christianity has reared no institution
within the domain of the church which
combines in a greater degree the ele
ments of simplicity and power.
The idea of Sunday-schools is no old
er than many an old man still living ;
and yet the influence of that idea is er
vading all Christendom, and is advapnc
ing more and more every year. It was
only eighty-one years ago (1782) when
that pious printer, Robert Raikes, resolv
ed to do something fiur the religious im
provement of the prisoners in Gloucester
county jail, He never dreamed what
an agency of good he was founding ; nor
could he have believed, had it been told
' him, that the wave of holy influence
which swelled out of his heart should
roll across the Atlantic, and over the
prairies, leaping the Rocky Mountains,
and leaving its blessing on the islands of
the Pacific. But this great result is only
a type of prolific character of really holy
endeavor, and a standing pledge that in
the service of Grist we shall surely reap
if we faint not. Mr. Raikes began his
labors in this cause by hiring four young
women, who were teachers of week-day
ehools,
to go to the county jail on Sun
day, and instruct as many of the prison
ers as would consent to assemble for the
study of the Bible. Each woman was
to receive 22 cents a day. In a few
weeks two or three hundred pupils were
secured. Mr. Raikes was at this time
46 years old, a . time of life when thous
ands nowadays think they may retire
from Christian labor—a charming exam
ple was this, that a heart full of love to
souls is the best means of keeping young,
and strong; and useful. This plan of
doing good became at once exceedingly
popular, and received the indorsement of
such distinguished men as Cowper, John
Newton, Doctor Scott, John Wesley,
and Adam Clark. The system was one
of paid labor, and the compensation was
fixed at 33 cents a day, In the course
of twelve years, however, a large share
of the labor came to be gratuitous.
I Sunday-schools spread from England
into where children were rapidly
gathered in ; and what is very suggestive
and noteworthy, Wclsh Bibles became
in such demand that a special edition
. was prepared. Out of this necesity of
printing Bibles to meet the Sunday
school demand grew no less an institution
than that noble monument of Christiani-
tv, The British and Foreign Bible Soei-
et y Robert Raikes lived to see the
idea of Sabbath-schools in the t wenty
ninth year of growth, at which time 300,-
000 pupils were enrolled, a number
which grew rapidly, until in 1836 there
were in England and Wales alone one
and a half millions under Sabbath-school
instruction.
The early movements of the Sunday
school cause in this country were embar
rassed by the system of paid labor which
had been imported from England. It is
amusing to read a bill presented by a
teacher to the Board of Visitors of Sun
day-schools in Philadelphia, dated June
1, 1800. It reads thus :
"For teaching the Sunday-school of
girls three months at $lOO per year,
$25. For teaching 4 19-2 G scholars
more than 40, $1 19. Pens, ink, paper,
$4.. Two dozen spelling-books, $4.-
Rent of room,Ss. Total, $39 19."
The Sabbath-school interest at this
time was embarrassed not only with the
expensive system of compensation, but
also with the want of library books. of
which the list was exceedingly limited.
The honor of introducing the present
plan of gratuitous instruction is gener
ally conceded to Rev. Robert May, who
had been a Sunday-school boy in Lon
don. This important change was made
in 1811.
From beginnings like these, the sys
tem of Sabbath-school instruction has
expanded until it covers continents,
counting its library volumes by thous
ands, its teachers and scholars by mill
ions, and its converts to rightousness by
figures which eternity only can enumer
ate.
Can any one recall these facts and not
concede that the Sunday-school, as au
institution, is one of the most remarka
ble monuments of the power of Christi
anity, and of the great harvest which re
sults from humble . Christian effort
&pendent.
Amnesty not Extended to Rebel Psis-
Judge Holt says the President has
decided that the amnesty offered by his
Proclamation does not extend to pris
oners of war, nor to persons suffering
punishment under the sentence of mili
tary courts, or on trial, or under charges
for military offences.
NW" There are 8,000 teams connected
with the army of the Potomac, which if
planed in a single line would extend six
ty miles. The horses, iacluding the
cavalry, number not far from 76,400.
oners.
Horrible and Brutal Murder of a Wife.
One of the most shocking and heart
less murders that ever occurred within
the city took place yesterday in a small
house located at No. .40 i Spruce street
and occupied by Felix Gill and his wife
Mary. The deed is supposed to have
been committed about 8 o'clock yester
day morning, as about that hour the
people next door heard a scuffle and
loud words. This was brought to the
attention of the police, who suspecting
that all was not right visited the house
last evening, the front door being un
locked. Upon entering the door a hor
rible sight presented itself. The woman
lay dead in the entry without the least
particle of clothing, surrounded by a
pool of thick blood. A frightful wound
was found in her head about ten inches
long—the skull being fractured. The sec
ond floor was one scene of confusion--the
furniture being displaced and smeared
with blood. On the wall, chairs, and
door-knob there were also finger marks
of blood. A pile of clothes and rags
lying on the floor were thoroughly sat
urated with the blood and covered with
bunches of loose hair. The blood was
traced down the steps to where the body
;
( lay. There had evidently been a great
struggle in which the poor woman had
clothing torn oft; and was then knocked
down the steps. A small grind-stone
was found in the room covered with
both blood and hair. The supposition
is that the woman was pulled out of the
bed and murdered in cold blood. A ba
sin in which the perpetrator of the dia
bolical act had washed his hands, was
found with the blood-stained water.—
The keys of the front door were also
found lying in the entry.
As soon as the murder was discovered.
suspicion at once pointed towards the
husband, and he was taken into custody
and locked up, being intoxicated at the
time of the arrest. The couple had no
children. The husband is a drinking
man, and formerly worked at laboring,
bit more recently was unemployed.—
Te was furnished comfortably,
and when visited by the Coroner last '
evening was found to contain full and
plenty of everything. The table was
set as if about to partake of a meal.—
From papers fOund in the house it seems
that the wife had willed to her by an un
cle the sum of .'3OO annually, and this
money is supposed to have been the
cause of the sad affair—the husband be
ing desirous of getting it into his pos
session. The mangled body was re
moved to the Union street station house,
where Dr. Shapleigh will hold a j)ost
mortem examination to-day—the Uoro
ner's inquest taking place at 12 o'clock. •
The murder was committed by a small
cudgel, as the whole body was terribly
bruised and disfigured.—Phila. A.
Grooming Horses..
Every horse should be cleaned daily,
and his bedding straw should always ire
thrown behind him in the stable during
the day. The manger should be kept
clean and washed once a week, at least.
Oats are the best food for horses, accord
ing to, general experience, and yet they
thrive well in Arabia on barly. A por
tion of ground oats should always be
mixed with whole feed, and for horses
having imperfect teeth the oats should
be crushed. When the weather is not
frosty, the crushad oats should be mois
tened with a little water and some salt
added. Cut hay moistened and sprink
led with ground oats forms excellent
food. The hull of the oats is hard and
often unmasticated, and passes undi
gested through the system, thus taking
away instead of imparting strength and.
nutrition,
For medium-sized horses
with moderate work, nine to twelve
quarts of oats per day, and fourteen
pounds of hay are ample. For large
draft horses, eighteen quarts oats and
sixteen pounds of hay. Food consisting
of one-third corn ground with two-thirds
oats forms strong, hearty, winter food
for work or coach horses ; good beds
and good grooming are as important as
good &oiling,. Horses, like men, want
good, dry, warm, clean beds. In groom
ing, tie your horse so that he can't bite
his manger, and thus learn to crib-bite.
Let the curry-comb be moderately used
on the body to loosen up the scurf and'
dirt, but never permit one near the mane
and tail. Rely mainly on the brush and
rough cloth fur cleaning ; combs tear
out more hair in a day than will grow in
a month, and they ruin manes and tails.
Half an hour is enough for a good groom
to one horse, but one hour's time at the
outside, ample to be very complete.—
Always
be gentle about the horse's body,
especially his head. Use whips as lit
tle as possible and never tease a horse.
Execution of a Woman.
The English papers contain an ac
count of the execution of Alice Hewitt,
at Chester, tbr the murder of her mother.
She induced a neighbor to personate
her mother, and, by this means, obtain
ed an insurance upon her life. She then
killed her mother by the administration
of poison. Some three or four thousand
persons were present at the execution.—
She fell upon her knees, and prayed
that her infant child might be spared a
similar fate, and that her death might
be a warning to others. Executions of
females in this country are of rare oc
currence. Last year one was executed
in Canada with her husband for murder.
In Boston during the last century a
woman was hung for theft.
sir The city of Chicago has ninety
two obtirahas and 1;199 liquor .bola.
An Epidemic in Indiana
A fearful epidemic is prevailing in
Corydon, Harrison comity, Ind. Dur
ing the past week about fifteen died of
it. The victims attacked survive from
one to three days. It prevails also to
some extent in the country outside cif
-
Corydon. The Corydon Union this
describes this affliction .
This direful disease, which is evident
ly a form of congestive fever, is at pres
ent prevailing to an alarming extent in
parts of this country; and, however doc
tors may disagree about names, the facts
are incontestible that it is a sudden and
overwhelming congestion of some of the
vital organs—most commonly of the
brain and spinal column, or of the stom
ach and lungs. Ater the congestive
period is past, there is an inflammatory
fever, or fever of typhoid character to be
combated. Those who have taken it
are taken with chilly sensations, which
appear to last one to twelve hours—and
at times it amounts to a shaking and
chattering of the teeth, accompanied with
pains through the head, neck, back and
stomach—sometimes numbness of the
extremities.
The patients are sometimes clear in
their minds but unsually deranged, wild
or frantic, throwing their arms, and legs
about, turning from side to side, exhibit
ing inexpressible distress, worrying the
attendents to k , 2ep them covered, or in
bed at all. The head is drawing to one
side or backward, and the neck stiff ;
the eyes are rolled in their sockets, And
sometimes violent convulsions take place
then nausea and vomiting, costiveness
or looseness of the bowels, pulse weak
and slow, or nearly natural and at times
firm and frequent—sometimes none at all
becoming comatose, you cannot rouse
them followed by an apparently easy
death, or they awake so sore and stiff
they cannot be moved without excruci
ating, pain and distress, attended ivith
inflammatory or typboid fever.
Exciting Scene at a Wedding
Lieut. J. C. Dodge of St. Louis, was marri
ed at Jefferson City, Mo., on the 80th inst.,
to Miss Sarah Brown, daughter of General
E. B. Brown, commander of the District of
Central Missouri' A correspondent of the
St. Louis Union writers :
The bridal party, consisting of the bride,
bridegroom, bridesmaids and their escorts,
bad just made their entry into the dressing
room of the Governor's mansion from Gener
al Brown's residence, when the gauze dress
and veil of the bride caught fire from coming
in contact with a red-hot stove, and in an
instant she was enveloped in a sheet of flame.
Lieutenant Dodge, with great presence of
mind, thing his overcoat over her person, and
immediately squelched the flames. The only
result of this mishap was a delay of half an
hour, and the necessity of procuring a new
dress to replace the one destroyed.
The ceremony was performed in the Epis
copal mode, by the.Bov. Dr. Worthington,
Chaplain of the Senate. It was very im
pressive, and at the eonelusion the Youthful
and the beautiful bird was complimented
with a fusilade of kisses, in which her father,
General Brown, won the race by being the
first to take the luscious boon, against a largo
storming party of contestants. The dutiful
daughter sung out in a ringing voice, "My
father shall kis me first," and the General
did so, amid the approval of the delighted
assemblage. The guests then indulged in
dancing, and about eleven o'clock sat down
to a luxurious repast provided for the occa
sion. Everything went off as gay as the
well-known marriage bell.
The human body, in so advanced a
stage c.t decomposition as to be entirely un
recognizable, can now bo so restored, by
chemical means, as to present an almost
completely natural appearance. This process
was lately practiced with success, in Loudon,
in the case of a body found in the Thames,
which was suspected to be that of an escap
ed murderer who had committed suicide.—
After the body had been subjected to the
new process, the witnesses were able to
swear that ho was not the supposed murder
er. •
Z A pauper in the Unekfield Union,
England, named Movies, aged 82,
was charged bellffe the magistrate with
refusing to work. The poor old man,
who had lived twelve years beyond the
three-score and ten allotted to man, said
he was unable to work, but their wor
ships thought diferently, and sentenced
him to twenty-one days hard labor.
WARNING TO 8.310.K.NR5.-A woman nar
rowly escaped being burned to death, iu Troy:
last week. She was au invalid, and had con
tracted the habit of smoking in bed, and
while doing so, her bed-covering took fire
from her pipe. She was severely burned
about the head, breast and body.
gar Washoe •
must be a very pleasant
residence for a timid man, according to
the Virginia City. Bulletin, which says :
"On Saturday night last we saw around
the stove at the theatre, warming them
selves, no less than five men who had
each killed a man within the past five
months."
ti• What you attempt do it with all
your strength. Determination is omnip
otent. If the prospect he somewhat
darkened, put the fire of resolution to
your soul, and kindle a flame that noth
ing but the strong arm of death can ex
tinguish.
sigrqtaw cotton and castor oil hake restor
ed frost-bitten limbs when amputation was
thought to be necessowy to preserve life. The
eure Is odd to be *Willie.
Railroads of the United States.
The American Raihod Journal sums
up the actual mileage of railroads corn
{ Feted in the United States on the Ist
of January, 1855, at 23,850 miles, with
about 16,000 miles additional that are,
OF have been, under construction. The
increase of completad road .during the
past year has peen 1,394 miles. Of the
completed roads 2-1,927 miles are in the
loyal Siates, and 8,933 miles in the
States now in rebellion, The condition
of the latter is so bad that many of
them, on the return of the States to loy
alty, could be more properly classed
among the roads "under construction."
The total cost of the completed roads
and their equipment in the United
States, is one thousand two hundred
and sixty-sir million of dollars—quite a
respectable sum of money to be invest
ed in one branch of business,
Taking, the grand total of roads com
pleted and under construction in the sec
eral States, Ohio stands pre-eminent as
the Railroad State, but falls behind
Pennsylvania in the number of miles
completed. The following are the rail
road statistics of the five great railroad
States :
Total Miles. Miles Conia.
4,550 3,3;57
4,071 3,315
3,099 3,080
9 ,506 9 ,8!12
3,579 2,173
Ohio,
Pennsylvania,
Illinois,
New York
Indiana
It is interesting to note the growth 01
the railway interest of the United
States. From 1826 to 1829 there were
but three miles of railway in the coun
try-. On the first of ianuarv, 1834,
there were ,762 miles ; in 1844 the num
ber had increased to 4,311 miles; in
1854 to 15,672 miles; and on the Ist or
January, 1864, the amount of comple
ted railway had grown to 33,860 miles,
with 16,000 more miles in progress.
The Shooting Fish.
This very remarkable fish is a native
of the East Indies. Nature has con
structed ;his aquatic, sportsman in a sin
singular manner, but one admirably
adapted to his shooting predilections—
The fish has a hollow, cylindrical beak.
lie frequents the river or sea shore in
search of food, and from the usual man
ner in which he provides for his daily
wants he derives his name. When
this hungry gentleman espies a fly or
an insect not taking due care of himself,
but sitting on the plants that grow in the
shallow water, he sWints away to the
distance of four or five, and often six
feet, that he may take aim at his prey,
and when he has done so to his satisfac
tion, lie then, with amazing dexterity
and cleverness, ejects out of his tube-like
mouth one drop of water which is so
well directed and so swiftly shot forth, *
that it never tails to knock the fly into
the water, and once there, all hope of
escape is tr,( me—the fish darts upon his
prey and eagerly devours it; thus sup
plying us with another instance of the
diversified modes by which nature qual
ifies its countless millions of creatures
with the powers necessary for procuring
food.
Major and Brigadier Generals
Secretary Stanton has transmitted to
Congress a list of all the Major and
Brigadier Generals without comtuani
The list also contains Generals in cons
mand of departments and posts. Fol
lowing are the name or the Major . Gen
erals, with the date of their relief and
the amount of their pay :
Relieved. Pay
John C Fremont... Aug. 12, '62 $355
W S Rosecrans Oct. 19, '63 445
A M'D McCook ...Oct. 9, '62 445
L Crittenden.... Oct. 9, '63 445
D E Sickles* July 3, '63 445
C. L Rarstutf Oct. 3, '63 445
Irvin M'Dowell§...Sept. 6, '62 445
Geo. Cadwallader§.Aug. 16, '63 445
A Doubledayt.... July 1, '63 445
Geo B McClellan..Nov. 7, '63 352
D C Buell Oct. 30, '63 333
T A MeC/ernand.. June 18, '63 355
L Wallace Nov. 11), '62 415
EII Milroy June 25, 'i;3 355
R J Oglesby Oct. 3, '63 445
David Oglesby
12, '63 415
E A Hitchcock§..— 445
E 0 C Ordr. Oct. 28, '63 415
S P Oct. 13, '63 445
E D Keyes July '63 445
*Lost teg in service. tSeverely wounded.-
I.Sick and oiuce reported for duiv. yon Post
Duty, court-martials, etc. Gen, Hitchcock has
nu command, being exchange commissioner.
Stifled to Death.
Two young ladies, Miss hill and Miss
Johnson, living at Broad Hill, a few
miles from this city, on the Little Miami
Railroad, met death on Saturday night
last, in the following strange manner :
They were on a visit to a friend's house
at Red Bank, a neighboring town, and,
being shown into a room where the fire
was nearly extinguished, set to work,
before retiring, and closed the room
tightly, to exclude the cold air as much
as possible. They then stirred up the
charcoal in the hearth, to get as much
warmth as they could, and went to sleep.
In the morning the family with whom
they were stopping were horribly sur
prised, upon visiting their room, to find
them both dead, the fumes of the char
coal having stifled them in their sleep.
Cincinnati Comma-dal.
Go- Charles Lamb's opinion of the wa
ter cure : "It is neither new nor won-,
derful, for it is is old as the deluge,
when, in my opinion, it killed more
than it eared ."
NEW SERIES.---VOL. 5, NO. 35.
A correspondent of the St. Louis Demo
crat gives his experience in a trip by stage
from Sedalia to Springfield, Mo., during the
recent cold term. The distance is one hun
dred and twenty miles, and the ordinary
time thirty-six hours. When the coach left
Sedalia the thermometer stood at fourteen
degrees below zero. The sufferings of pas
senger:4, drivers and animals was intense.—
Wo extract a sineie incident of the trip : At
the different houses where we stopped, and
.ve stopped at nearly every one on the road,
the inmates, men, women and children, were
huddled around the chimney corner ; die
! cussing only one hiug—the cold. The sec
mid night out was equally as cold as the first,
and the first was as cold as ;charity. My
companions in the cold remained with me
until eight o'clock of the secoud night—so
the driver told me ; for, when I awoke at
ten o'clock from a cold doze, into which 1
had edlen about 7 p. in., I found them gone.
I was not lung alone, however, when the
stage halted at a house about nineteen miles
from Boliver, where a lady and child took
passage for the latter place.
She was plainly but comfortably clad, and
in conversation I found her possessed of no.
mean intellect. She hail received word, that
her husband, who is in the army, was dan
gerously ill at Bolivar, and thither elle was
going. Every few miles we stopped to
warm, and at each place, until within about
five miles of her ilstivation, the mother took
the belie, an infant of fifteen months, into
the different houses. It was nearly four
o'clock in the morning, and we were within
five miles of Boliver, when the stage drew
up at a rude cabin, where the driver inform
ed us we could get warm, and that he would
not halt again before reaching town.
I got out and assisted the lady to alighe
when we entered the domicil. I noticed
that she was not carrying the child, and
asked her where it was. "I have wrapped it
up and laid it on the seat, as I was afraid it
the wind blew on it lt, would catch cold,"
was her reply. I told her she had better being
it in, as it would certainly freeze. Shp said
"No, it is warm and will sleep." We re
mained in the house half an hour and re-en
tered the stage, and the mother, after she
picked him op, remarked, "He is asleep yet."
Not a whisper, not a cry proceeded from
that child during the remainder of the trip.
The wind moaned piteously. Closely the
mother nestled her babe to her bosom. We
reached Deliver before it was yet day, cold,
chilled hilliest beyond the endurance of na
ture. I went into the tavern, accompanied
hy mother and child. Walking up the lane,
the mother sold to me. "Did you ever see
such a baby—he hasn't cried to-night?"
It was e ialf an hour before the fire was made,
no one being out of bed when we went in.
You have often seen, perhaps you have been
a party of it yourself, persons a cold day, in
entering a room, congregate and remain
around a stove where there was no fire, and
as is usual in such cases, always the coldest
place in the room. So it was with us; we
drew our chairs to the cold fire place
and awaited t'ie kindling, which in time fol
lowed. The fire was soot lighted and soon
gave out its grateful offering of heat
The child remained wrapped up—it was quiet
his mother repeated, "He is asleep yet."—
lie was asleep—Ha is asleep yet! that
child was frozen to death, and, in this world,
"he is asleep yet." Death spared him the cold
of earth—he was frozen into Paradise.
Death ofan Old Printer.
The New York Herald announces the
death of John M. Elliott, and says he was
the oldest printer in the United States.
He was eighty years of age. At one
time he was the publishes• of the New
York American.
, footatAsirkut ABROAD. -- A
Frankfort (Ky.) correspondent of the
Cincinnati Gazette says that the subject
of education is receiving marked atten
tion ti.oru the Legislature of that State .
As proving that teachers as well as pu
pils need to he looked after, the writer
mentions the. filet that the following no
tice, by the schoolmaster, was
recently posted ou the door of a school
house near Frankfort. "Noriss.—No
swarin, eursin or ruunin a bowt lose or
hollerin in this seul."
henry Caldwell, a recruiting agent of
New Britian, Conn., was found brutally
murdered, on Monday morning, about
half a mile east of that village. His skull
was knocked in, a large hole being
made in the side of his head. It is sup
posed that he was murdered on Saturday
night. He had $BOO in cash with him,
of which he was robbed ; but a gold
watch and pin were left on his person.
Prints in the snow showed that there
had been a scuffle, and that two men
made the attack.
eilirA certain Scotch friend of ours,
who is not a member of a temperance so
ciety, being asked by a dealer to pur
chase some fine old Jamaica rum, dryly
answered, "To tell you the with, far,
I canna say rin very fond of rum ; for
if I tak imur then six tumblers, it's very
apt to give a body the headatthe."
Laßaume (a dentist, we sup
pose,) recommends brushing the teeth
with vinegar daily till the tartar disap
pears; after that to use a powder, of
charcoal and tincture of rhatany, which
will prevent its recnrrance.
An Affecting Inoident,