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3 fate') Vaptr---Poottb to Ilditics, 3griculturt, fittrotftre i sriture t Art, foreign, domestic nub @twat jutelligturt, acc.
ESTABLISHED IN 1813.
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PUBLISHED BY
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PPM. 1.. WYLY. J. /. J. BUCHANAN, D. V. P. Hon
WYLY, BUCHANAN & HUSS,
ttoraaeys 4 Counsellors at Law,
WAYNESBURG, PA.
Id ill premise in the Courts of Greene and adjoining
enmities. Colleetiope and other legal business wilt re
ceive prompt attention.
Office on the Bough side of Alain street, in the Old
Bank Building. Jan. 28, 1863.-13.
•.•. P
PU URll•llll.ancum
RMAN & RITCHIE,
ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW,
Waynesburg', Pa.
Aar OFFIrlt Main Street, one door east of
the old B - tnk Building.
...usinces in Greene, Washington, and Fay
sus counties, entrusted to them, will receive plump
attention.
N. B —Particular attention will be given to the coi
lection of Pensions, Bounty Money, Back Pay, and
000 011111111 the Goverporeat.
Alrept. !I,
B. W. Dowarzr,
- ATTORNEY AND COUNBELLOR AT LAW.
02 - oBice in I edwith's Building, opposite the Court
Douse, Waynesburg, Pa. •
a. A. IeCONNZLL.
IrOONN3II4T.
irTTOILIVEYS AND COMNIELLORS .er L. 9►►
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filarrOillee In the "Wright fit se," Ems Door.
coliersions, &c., will receive prompt attention
Wa!fleshing. April 23, 1862-Iy.
DAVID CRAWFORD,
Attorney and Counsellor at law. Office on Main
Street, East and nearly opposite the Bank.
V Waynesburg, Pa., July 30, 1863.—1 y.
C. 11. SIACIC.
BLACK lc PHELAN,
/ATOOffiYiS
AND
unC OUNSELWLa O y RS e bAuT
.LAW
Sept. 11,1861-Iv.
BOLD=IB I WWI CLAIMS I
MCI7IEIIIEI4
AITOIIIIIIT AT LAW, IV ATIMAIMUIIO,
IAS received from the War Department at Wash
ington city. D. C., official copies of the several
we passed by Congress, surd all the necessary Forms
and Inetructions for the prosecution and collection of
PICXB/ORD, BOUNTY. BACK' PAY, due dis
charged and disabled soldiers, their widows, orphan
children, widowed mothers. Dithers, einem and broth
ers, which business, (upon due notice] will be attend
ell to promptly. and accurately, if entrusted to his care.
°face in the old Dank Building.— April 8, 1863.
O. W. a. WADDELL,
ATTORNEY & COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
OFFICE in Campbell's Row opposite the Hamilton
House, Waynesburg. Penna. Business of all
kinds solicited. HSI received racial copies of all the
laws passed by ' ongress, anii .other necessary instruc
tions for the collection of
PENSIONS, BOUNTIES, BACK RA Y,
Use discharged and disabled soldiers, widows, Orphan
children, &c., which business if intrusted to his rare
will 1e promptly attended to. • May 13,'63.
PHYSICIANS
DR. A. G. CROSS
wOULD very respectfully tender his services as a
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, to the people or
Waynesburg and vicinity. He hopes by a due appre
ciation of Inman life and health, and strut attention to
bashers, to insrite share of public patronage.
Waynesburg, January 8, 1882.
DRUGS
M. A. ILARVEY,
Druggist and apothecary, and dealer in Paiute and
Oils, the most celebrated. Patent Medicines, and Pure
Liquor@ for medicinal purposes.
dept. I I, 11161-Iy.
1110111t0FLAWTS.
WM. A. PORTER,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Foreign and Domes
( Thy Goods, Groceries, Notions, Ace.. Mein street.
dept. 11, 1861-Iy. •
R. CLARK,
Healer in Dry Goods, Groceries, Hardware, Queens
/ware and in the nonillion House, opposite
tbe Court House, M ain treet. Sept. 11. 11361-Iy.
MINOR & Co .,
Dealers in Forei g n and Domestic Dry Goods, Gro
Queeusware, Hardware and Notions. opposite
the Green Rouse, Main arrest.
Dept. 11, 1861-Iy,
300 T AND snoz znimuns.
J. D. COSGRAY,
Boot and shoe maker, Main street., nearly oppoeite
the ••Farnter'e*nd Drover's AMA.", Every style of
poots andithdes constantly on Land or made to' order.
Sept. lt, 1861-Iy.
GROCIIIRIBB & VARIZTIZIS.
-----
JOSEPH YATER,
Dealer in Groceries and Confectioneries. Notions,
Medicines, Perfumeries, Liverpool Ware, &e., Glass of
an Mum ruslGilt Moulding and Looking Class Plates.
Opr'Crish paid for good eating Apples.
feapt.
JOHN MUNNELL,
dealer in Groceries and Contectibiteries, and Variety
Goods Geestany, Wilsen's Nt.w Building, Main meet.
Mega. 11. 1861-Iy.
T02411.000117.11T1L
HOOP rat & HAGER,
lessitilusairams ised wbiMsslt and mall I rein
dmir zeo, .0 11 A_ ex t, owe% P 44 . 1", &c.,
Wilirosea sesingt aim
O.K. U.
AY,
MO. =and allimadmisf. Oak Ilhale
and Phiplitt mu Nor eire
Zeirratare. Maim Serest. Wit.
Thickland, in his Curiosites of Nat
ural _History, gives the following ac
count of a lawsuit in France about
a rat. The action at law was
brought by M. Triguel against Gir
ome, a retired Zouttve,
The Plaintiff. " Gentlemen ; this
individual has created me out of a
hundred franca (ti2o), and has, at
the same time, willfully abused my
confidence. He knows that I am
much interested in geology, antiqui
ties, natural sciences. I have collec
tions of fossils, of medals, of rare
animals, of curious plants. One day
ho called upon me and said: 'Sir,
1 bave a kind of animal which has
never been mentioned by any natur
alist.' What is it, sir ?"It is a
"trumpet-rat." "What do ytiu call
the trumpet-rat ?' 'sir, as the name
indicates, it is a rat which has a
trumpet.' Where is it?' 'On his
nose like a rhinoceros.' And you
have it alive ?"Alive and well ; if
you wish to see it, you have only to
come to my house.' 'Directly; come
along.'
"1 was very anxious to see this
strange animal. We arrived at his
house, and he shows me in a cage an
enormous rat, very lively and in
good condition, and which really had
on its nose a sort of slender excres
enee about two centimetres long
(two thirds of an inch), covered with
nair like the body of the animal,
with a vertebrie in it, and, a most
extraordinary thing, larger at the
summit than at the base, contrary
to what it ought to be in the usual
eourse of things. I asked to exam
ine this phenomenon; he puts it in
to my hand, and holds its paws and
head that I might examine at my
ease this extraordinary trumpet. 1
ask him if it were not a dupe and
mystification; and, to convince my
self; I take a pin and force it into the
trumpet. The animal cried out,
winced, and a drop of blood came
from the prick. The experiment
was conclusive—it was really a
trumpet forming a part of the rat.
"I wonder. I ask this man if be
would sell his rat He answers in
tho affirmative. I ask his price.—
Ftty francs. I pay it without any
bargaining, and I. bring the animal
home. 1 invite my friends and ser
vants to see it, the cry of admira
tion was universal—l was enchant
ed.
J. J. HUIFYIA'S
=1
"Some one says to me, 'You ought
to procure a female ( this was a
male).' I had thought of that. but
having seen but one rat at the house
of the person ,vho sold it to me, I
concluded that he had nu more. I
determined, therefore, to go directly
to see, and I asked him if it were
poshble to get a female. 'Nothing
easier,' he answered me ; I have
written to Africa, and they have
sent mo many trumpet-rats, of
which 1 have two females.' With
these words, he brings out a cage
full of rats like that which be had
sold me. lie chooses me a female,
for which 1 pay him fifty francs
(610). I carry it off more enchanted
than ever Some months afterwards
the female has young; I look at
them, they had not trumpets. I say
to myself; 'Without doubt, they will
sprout hereafter like elephants'
tasks.' I wait one month, two
months, six months; every day I
look at the nose of my rats, but the
trumpet never appeared
"In a house where I go frequently,
I make the acquaintance of an offi
cer who bad served a long time in
Africa. 'Tell mc,' I says to him one
day—'you have been in Africa—do
you know the trumpet-rats.' 'Per
tectly,' he answers tne3 . ‘Ah ! then
you can inform me; I then tell him
my story. Then this gentleman be
gan to laugh, as though his sides
I would split I say to my-self, 'Cer
tainly then I have been duped!—
When he was calm I beg him to ex
plain the motive of his hilarity.—
rhen he tells me what follows: "The
trumpet-rat,' he tells me, 'is not a
supernatural thing—it is an inven
-1
1 tion due to the leisure moments of
the Zouaves This is how they make
them : you take two rats; you tie
their paws firmly on a heard, the
nose of one close to the end of the
tail of the other, with a penknife or
a lancet you make an incision into
the nose of the rat which is hinder
most, and yea graft the tail cf the
first one into the nose; you tie firm
ly the muzzle to the tail, and you
leave the two rats in this position for
48 hours. At the end of the time
the union has taken place, and the
grown together;
i two parts have
then you cut off the tail of the rokt
which is in frOnt, to the required
length, and let him go, but still keep
the other tiedsto the board, but with
his head loose , and you give him
something to eat. At the end of a
month or mare the *Mod is perfect
ly healed, and the epos Of the' most
curious scrntators wind(' not see a
tritoe of the grafting. This is ' what
these &moves ,diert the rats have no
trumpet—lon he*e been deceived
Oa 11014 **it pig de tramps 601164110 et
00'o! the da
delfranti, ft,
Z ia*
Who: 'OW be lite 004144
J; isttliannuo.
THE TRUMPET-RAT.
WAYNESBURG, GREENE COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1863.
made up the rats as had been stated;
bnt he affirms that he had not sold
them to the plaintiff as rats "born"
with a trumpet.
The President. "Is this true,
Triguel ?"
riguel. "Yeaunderstand, sir,
after the experiment which I made
with the prick of the pin, which
bled and made the animal cry, I
ought to believe that the trumpet
was natural."
The President. "Then the defend
ant told you that it was a particular
kind of rat ?"
The Plaintiff' " F os. without
doubt."
The Defendant. "In fact, it is a
particular kind of rat."
Verdict for the Zouave—the rat
trumpet maker.
OVERTAKING A THUNDER STORM.
Mr. Willis, writing to the Home
Journal, from the West, says :
To overtake a thunder shower
whirl , through it, and outrun it,,
was the first of the day's exciting
novelties. Wesaw it ahead of us on
the prairie, as you see a single black
cloud in the sky, with the sunshine
all around it. It was moving in the
same direction as ourselves, probably
at twenty miles an hour, and we sooti
began Li overtake it with our better
harnessed thunder and lightning.—
The conductor pointed the dark
masses out to me some ten or fifteen
minutes before we entered the out
skirts of the shower, and we were
in a, pelting rain, with lightning and
peals of thunder, for perhaps ten
minutes emerging in fair weather on
the other side, and leaving the storm
to lag after us like a 'slow coach'
that it was I But, certainly, it was
queer thus to give thunder and light
ning the go-by.
Ifut it is to the wild animal of the
prairie that the swiftness of the rail
train is inexplicable. Ages upon
aaes have established certain
relative rates of speed between man
and the subject races of creation—
the mountain hunter being the last
est pursuer for which the elk and
reindeer, the bear and prairie wolf
the fox and the wild eat, the skunk'
otter and martin, . aro at all times
prepared, The small line of the rail
track, nearly hidden in grass, is not
recognized by these wanderers over
the vast plains of the West, and
while thinking themselves safe in
their own horizon-edged wilderness
they suddenly see the coming of the
new monster. It is daily experience
of the trains on this road across Il
linois, to overtake some one or more
of them, and it is currious—so the
different conductors and brakesmon
all toll me—how none of them seem
to have the sagacity to escape off at
right angels. Almost invariably
they flee before the pursuer, and
are rttn down at last, to fall fainting
with terror and exhaustion in the
neighborhood of the truck.
DEFENSIVE AND OFFENSIVE W
The life of governments is like
that of man. The latter has a right
to kill in case of natural defense;
the former have a right to wage war
for their own preservation. In the
case of natural defense I haven, right
to kill, because my lite is, in respect
to Ili.;, what the life of ►ny antagon
ist .s to him. In the same manner,
a state wages war because its Ares
ervation is like that of auy other L
ing.
With individuals the right of natur
al defense does not imply a necessity
of attacking. Instead of attacking
they need only have recourse to pro
per tribunals. They cannot there
tbre exercise this right of defense but
in sudden cases, when immediate
death would be the consequence of
waiting for the assistance of the
law. Bat with States the right of
natural defense carries along with
it sometimes the necessity of attack
ing; as for instance, when one• na
tion sees that a contin•.tance of peace
wilt enable another to destroy her,
and that to attack that nation in
stantly is the only way to prevent
her own destruction.
Front thence it follows that small
er nations have oftener a right to de
clare war than great ones, because
they are oftener in the case of being
afraid of destruction.
The right therefore of war is der
ived from necessity and strict justice.
It those who direct the conscience or
councils of princes do not abide by
this maxim, the consequence is
dreadful; when they proceed on ar
bitrary principles of glory, conven
iency, and utility, torrents of blood
must over-spread The earth.
But above all, let them nut plead
such an idle pretext as the glory of
the prince. Ills glory is nothing
but pride; it is a passion, and not a
legitimate right. it is true the fame
of his power might increase the
strength of the government; but it
might be equally increasecl, by the
reputation of his ji,istice.
From the right of war comes that
of conquest ; whic,h is often-times
the natural consequence of that right
and ought therefore to follow its
The right , the eoeleeror hss over
s. 00aquVINI W 0..:
.Ar 4 4 by
Off 4ortikalliffiti thfhiff at PoP"
Wools mass wvorythang 1444 to the
preservation of the sperties; the law
of natural reassn, which teaches us .
to do to others what we would have
done to ourselves; the law that
forms political societies, whose dura
tion is not limited; and in fine,
the law derived from the nature of
the thing itself. Conquest is an ac
quisition, and carries with it the
spirit of preservation and use, not of
destruction.
The inhabitants of a conquered
country are treated by the ;on
queror in one of the four following
ways. Either he continues to rule
them according to their own laws,
and assumes to himself only the ex
ercise of the polit cal and civil gov
ernment; or he gives them new po
litical and civil government; or he
destroys and disperses the society;
or, in fine, he exterminates the peo
ple• There is no such thing as a
right of reducing people to slavery,
hut when it becomes necessary for
the preservation of the conquest.—
Preservation, and not servitude, is
the end of conquest; though servi
tude may happen sometimers to be a
necessary means of preservation.—
Even in that case it is contrary to
the nature of things that the slavery
should be perpetual.—Montesquie's
Spirit of Laws
A NOBLE SPEECH.
The following truly eloquent
speech was made by General Car
rington to the One Hundred and
Fourth itegiment Illinois Volun
teers, preparatory to his bidding
farewell to that body of men. It
would be well if the same speech
were read to every regiment of sol
diers in the service of the Govern
ment, and it would be of incalcula
ble benefit if all men now doing sol
dier's duty would respond in prac
tiee to its noble sentiments. The
language of General Carrington on
the occasion referred to was as fol
lows:-1 soon leave you—do not ex
pect a speech. 1 am a man of few
words; they may seem homely, but
they are the result of experience.—
First, avoid profane speech. He who
is the God of battles, and holds the
issue of life. should be revered, if
you would have His blessing. The
man who honors his holy name is a
true soldier—he fears not to die, be
cause he is prepared for the issue of
death. Temperance is the next vir
tue. The best stimulus to the soldier
is his coffee. Liquors are temporary,
and bring relaxation, and they also
involve bad habits. Water should
be used frequently, but in small
draughts; too much water at a time
involves perspiration and weakens
the body. Drink of it often, and al
ways in moderation.
Be chaste and truthful. Be as good
citizens in the service as out of it.—
Bathing is important. Keep clean.
if your feet are sore after a march,
bathe them in salt water, and you
will be fresh in the morning. In
closing, let me say that nothing
pains me so much as to see a soldier
who forgets his duty as a citizen
and a christian.. Be so pure that
your sweethearts will honor you ev
ery step of your progress as a sol
dier. if we meet again, it will be
my pleasure to serve the country
with you ; if not, be true to the flag,
and your country will honor you.—
To yourselves, all I have to say,
after two days' drill—l ant satis
fied. Tako that as & soldier's good
bye.
A FAMOUS LAND,
If there be part of tlic, world
which ought to tempt .the traveler,
it is assuredly that region of Asi a
which lies between the Caspian and
Black seas. Tradition declares
this to be the cradle of the human
race. Here, say the Persians and
armenians, was the garden of Eden ;
here, as every one knows, stands the
Ararat, from which mankind spread
after the deluge.
Here are the best and most un
deniable physicial evidences' of that
astonishing catastrophe. Here hunt
ed the Biblical 'Nimrod, here Noah
planted the vine. Hero languished
Promethius, chained to the rock
with vultures ever gnawing at his
liver Hither sailed Jason and the
Argonauts, and hence departed the
enchantress Medea. One of the
rivers of this region still bears the
name of Cyrus the Great. Alexan
der of Macedon is a household word
among the Caucasian villagers. -
Hence flowed Greeceward that
stream of gorgeous fable which wi
dened into Hellenic mythology.—
Here pompey conquered. and the
soldiers of 'emperial Rome bled in
vain. Here Gregory preached, and
Tamerlane and Genghis Kahn spread
havoc; the Turks uprooted the Geor
gian
on these shores, to be themselv
es uprooted in due time by the more
opportune Russians. Over the Cau
casian wall, at the dread hour when
Allah's time shall sound, • tkg and
Magog shall cross to put an end to
the empire 0,1 Islamism on earth,
and destroy the kingdom of the true
believers. When .t.tt e Rus s i ans
swept away the Georgian throne i n
1800, learned meu atUlla exclaimed
in their anguish that the fallen
Monarchy tad existed without inter
ruption since the time of. Abraham ;
there is good historical eyidesoo to
prove a line of kings entending over
a period of 2,345 .years.
A CAPITAL SPEECH
BY
NON. SAMUEL S. HAYES, OF ILLINOIS,
PORTLAND r MAINE,
August tOth, 1863.
[Concluded from Last Week. 3
And now is the third year of the
war, when sheer physical force,
with immense and countless , waste
of human lifer and treasure, Erna gain
ed some victoriesovhich with policy
and statesmanship should lead to
peace, we find the country divided,
the future all dark and threatenimm
and vast and momentous issues in
volving the preservation of our prop
perty and our liberties, and very ex
istence of Constitutional Govern
ment, shaping themselves rapidly in
the midst of the suffering and gloom
which surrpund us,
It is true there are some who
know of no suffering, who have no
children or friends in the war, or
whose hearts do not beat responsive
to the voice of kindred and of friend
ship, and who have added to their
stores by contracts and speculation.
But the humble mechanic, the toil
ing farmer, whose taxes and outlays
are grinding them into poveriy, the
poor lone widow, the loving mother,
who frill never again see the loved
ones that left them at their country's
call, who mourn and refuse to be
comforted , such as these can toll
you of suffering that will make your
hearts bleed. And the thoughtful
old men, who have 'owned wisdom
from refection and experience, who
remember the better days of the
Republic; and have solved tho prob
lem of th 9 growth and decline of
nations; these will tell you our coun
try suffers, and trembles on the
verge of destruction. [Great ap
plause.]
Now upon these issues we have
two parties, the party of the Admin
istration, sustaining•all that the Ad
ministration have done or may do in
the direction in which it is moving,
and the party of tho opposition, the
time-honored Democratic party
yielding obedience to the laws, and
sustaining the Union, the Constitu
tion and the rights and interests of
the States and people, against all
who oppose them, North or South, in
power or out. [Cheers.]
These issues are embraced in the
proposition on the side of the Ad
ministration that the 'object of the
war shall be the destruction of sla
very, and every institution and right
that hinders its destruction. The
Democratic opposition stand upon
the proposition that the war and
every other policy of the Govern
ment shall be limited by and shall
contorm to the Constitution of the
United States, which guarantees our
Federal system of State indepen
dence and individual liberty.
I have no special love for slavery.
The Democracy are not its advo
cates. But we do not bold that re
ligion, morality and sound states
manship require that it should be
treated as a crime, or the nation
ruined to procure its extinction.—
There aro other and larger ideas
that should govern Christians and
patriots : humble worship of the
Deity, obedience to His law and to
the Constitution which He has or
dained for our government, with the
faithful observance of all its obliga
tions. It is in advocacy of those
ideas that I am speaking to you to
night.
What do you gain by the prose
cution of this war for its present pur
pose ? [A voice: "Freedom. ']—
Freedom :? You are mistaken, my
friend. It is not your that they
seek; it is the freedom of the negro.
[Cheers.] Your freedom you enjoy
ed bolero the wg.r. You are to lose
your freedom, unless you change
your rulers or their policy. When
your neighbors were arrested with
out law, a blow was struck at your
freedom.. When they were impris
oned withDut a trial, your freedom
received another blow. The writ
of habeas corpus is a part of your
freedom. Trial by jury is your
freedom. Liberty of speech and of
the press pertain to your freedom.—
When any of these rights, sacred
by the common law and the Consti
tution, are stricken down, in the per
son of a Democrat, your freedom
suffers. •Wben an eminent citizen
is dragged from his home, tried by
court martial, and banished to a for
eign land, your freedom has receiv
eda fatal stab. When these rights
are gone, when thesti outrages can
pass unpunished and unquestioned,
then I say you. may have freedom
for the negro, but you have slavery
for the white man. You are slaves
all, Republicans as well as Demo
crate, slaves ground in the dust be
neath the iron heel of military
despotism. [Voices, " That's so i"
and numerous 'cheers.]
The man is iiporant indeed - who
does not know ' chat the porposee and
objects, the whale theory of the war
time nn domino imirange. When the
broke oat; theSoaliketas almost
equally divided. After the S. C. act
of secession, Tennessee gave tfty
thousand majority for the Union,
Virginia was for it. Alabama and
Georgia and North Carolina were
doubtful, and everywhere, except in
South Carolina, the Union party,
with manly front, breasted the tide
of treason. They still loved end
clung to the Union of their fathers.
[A voice : "Why ain't they for it
now ?"] Because you Abolitionists
robbed them of their property by
striking down their domestic institu
tions. Because by your Emancipa
tion Proclamation you have sought
to deprive women and children, wid
ows and orphans, non-combatants
and Union men, as well as the strong
est rebels, of the property which be
longed to them under the Constitu
tion and law's of the land. [AP .
planate- A person near the stand
here caused some disturbance by
noisy and continued vociferation.—
Cries of "vat him oat," and a move
ment of the crowd. Mr. Hays, re
suming.] Let him alone, my friends.
lis conscience is awakened. My
statement of the truth is having its
effect upon him. lie will come right
after a while. [Slicers and laughter,'
is it surprising that such a policy
should have converted friends into
foes, and made the South a unit,
ready to dare all and suffer all for
the bad cause in which they have
embarked ?
On the other hand, where is the
united North of two years since?—
The assaults upon constitutional lib
erty and State rights have divided
us, as they have united the South.
But the Administration, instead of
becoming wiser and returning to the
maintenance of the Constitution,
seem to be devising now schemes for
its overthrow.
You have ail read the report in the
papers that the requesktof Louisiana
planters for the re-admission of that
State as a Union State has been re
fused.
I saw to-day, in the Boston Trav
eler of the Bth, a letter, of three col
umns, from Mr. Whiting, late Solici
tor of the War Department, who, it
is said, has just gone from Washing
ton to Europe, on a mission to in
struct our foreign ministers as to the
views of the Administration. His
letter is able and elaborate, and I
presume, before its publication, was
submitted to at least a portion of the
Cabinet. The argument is substan
tially this: that the rebellion has
ceased to be a rebellion, and becomes
w tat he calls a territorial war. That
by the laws of war, all antecedent,
relations between belligerents are
destroyed by a territorial war—and
the close of the war leaves the defeat
ed party, including all non-combat.
ants Inhabiting the territory held by
it, at the mercy of the conqueror, to
take such a State, and hold such po
litical rights only as the conqueror
shall prescribe. That, therefore, in
the event that the Federal Govern
ment shall succeed in putting down
the rebellion, the Southern people
will no longer have the rights of suf
frage and representation, but will be
obliged to receive such a form of
government, and obey such regula
tions, as Congress or the Executive
shall impose upon them. The result
of this argument is, in a word, that
if the Norf.!, succeeds, the Southern
people, - Unionists and all, become
slaves , if the South succeeds, the
Northern people become slaves, in
the sense of losing their political
rights. [A voice -'WIK) believes
that ?"] Mr. Hays—Mr. Stanton be
lieves it and approves it. How many
more I do not know.
The answer to that argument is,
that there is no such law of war in
the United States, which exist as a
nation only by virtue of a written
Constitution, of limited powers. and
which pledges to every c;tizen a re
publican form of State government
in the Union and protection against
insurrection and civil war, as well as
invasion; protection and support, not
for the. destruction of his political
rights, but for the preservation and
restoration of those rights. The
claim is only stronger fbr the citizen,
if, by the neglect and weakness, or
misconduct of the Federal 'authori
ties, the insurrection has grown into
what Mr. Whiting calls a territorial
war. More than that, the Constitu
tion guarantees the same right to the
rebels when they have laid down
their arms, until they have been tried
and convicted of some crime that dis
qualifies them from exercising the
political rights of citizens.
Bence, when the rebellion is sup
pressed, the sovereignty of the States
now in arms against the Government,
the State legislatures and courts, the
elective franchise, and representation
in the Federal Congress, all come
again into-full operation and effect,
with equal force and dignity as in
the other States. To attompt'to pre..
vent this result is to attempt to revo
lutionize the Government, and over
throw the organic law that gives it
life. Against such an attempt, eith
er in execution or design, the De
mocraey- of this country will be
found united, as against all the other'
deejotie and d:sloyal teadeneies of
this Administration- [Cheers.]
Anioaz she trightfei heresies of
'which the party in point is guilty,
NEW SERIES. --VOL. 5, NO. 17.
. is the assumption on which the Ernan
cipation Proclamation is based—WOO
assumption that in time of war all
I the powers of Government are merge
etl in the President. For hundreds
of years Rome was never at peace.
We are a warlike people, and me t y
make the same history. Is it poser
! ble that our fathers, when they oaf
fered so much for us, and applied
such wisdom in erecting the temple
of liberty, should have built it on
such a quicksand as this? Did they
leave us at the mercy of every ambi
tious traitor who might reach the
Presidential chair? Is it in his power
at any time, by involving us in war,
to subvert our liberties and make
himself a despot ? God forbid r
Now let me ask you, my friends,
when is this war to end ? Never in
the history of nations has there been
a war of such magnitude--arch vast
armies—at least among civilized na
tions. A quarter of a million men
on one field ! A quarter of a million
men rushing together in the red
surge of battle, to bear back again
their thousands of pale corpses—their
' legions of torn and mangled, maimed
and wounded. After three years of
'.this war—after giving a million of
men to the service—the rebellion is
not crushed, but we are called upon
again for three hundred thousand
men, this time not as volunteers, but,
as conscripts. The Democrats ate
ready now as ever to fight for the
Constitution and the Union. I would
ask how many of you Portland Re-
publicans are ready to fight Aar the
freedom of the negro? How
of you chose tent when drafted the
day? : "One!! Re
newed excitement.] Now I Would
suggest to you gentlemen who here
shown so much spirit to-night, who
have clamored so loudly-o%olkb I
assure you I have borne With perfect
good nature, for I know you mean
no harm, it is only a way yea have
[Laughter}—l would suggest to you
that this fiery zeal and spirit which
you have shown to-night in the cause
of Abolitionism would prove of great
value in the army. [Laughter and
applause.] I suppose you are all ex ,
empt—a little lame or hard of hear
ing, or under age, perhaps. [Great
laughter.] Never mind, the heat
haul of the conscription net will take
just such men as you. Yon will then
realize some of the truths We Ere
trying to hammer into you.
My friends, it is not clamor or
excitement that will settle these
grave and momentousqaastintil A
have touched upon to-night. The
industrious and toiling mwow—the
workman who toils by candlelight
in his little shop and thinks as ha
works—the farmer who turns up
the soil to raise your food for you,
and studios common sense and hon
esty as he follows the plough--
m
mon aro settling those questions
now; and you will know they heave
settled them when you see the re
turns of your approaching election.
[Applause.]
The people of Illinois have defined
their position by a majority of
thousands. Indiana has done the
same, and so has the great Empire
State of New York. [Here three
&leers were given for Governor
Seyinour.] Those States have array
ed themselves on the side of De
mocracy and the Constitution, in
opposition to the mistaken and ruin
ous policies of the Administration.
The rest of the Northern States, or
most of them, will follow.
As I have said, the Democratic
party yields obedience to the laws.
[A voice "You can't help it."] Mr.
Hayes : No; we can't help it. Be
cause duty and patriotism demand
it, and we always listen to their
voice. [Great Applause.] The Dem
ocratic party bus conducted the
country through several wars; and,
were it in power, it would bring the
country safely and honorably
through this—for it l ,would demand
nothing but obedience to the Consti
tution and the restoration of the
Union, and that it would be sure to
have. But if I. understand the posi
tion of tha Democracy, at least of
the Northwest, it is this, that while
they will pay their taxes, and obey
even the conscript law, odious as it
is, and if drafted and obliged to go,
will perform military duty, and obey
all orders of their superior officers;
they will not sustaiu the Abolition
and despotic polities of thill Admin
istration, either at the polls or
through their reproyientatives.— •
They will sustain a war fOr the Con
stitution and Union, if that be ne
cessary, as long as ieir is any hope
of success. When there ceases to
be any hope of success, they will
prosecute such a war no longer if
they can obtain an honorable peace.
They value too higitly the lives er
their countrymen, and the material
interests of the countX7, out of
which life is supported- the sweat
.•
of the laborer's brow is precious in
their 03 - es. His small earnings are
the sustenaute of his wife and little'
ones, who grace his cabin and clam
ber upon his knees. The great De,
inocracy, made up of the people, aM
true to the people, will never tig_
these kicauty.es.rnings to stipport c ps.F.
he extravagance or wasteint sad ,
useless wars. [Cheers.]
Whatever the prospect of molest